Journal articles: 'Orthopedic effects'

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Chan, Kathleen T., Catherine Hayes, Stephen Shusterman, John B. Mulliken, and Leslie A. Will. "The Effects of Active Infant Orthopedics on Occlusal Relationships in Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 40, no. 5 (September 2003): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_2003_040_0511_teoaio_2.0.co_2.

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Objective To evaluate the effects of active infant orthopedic treatment on dental arch relationships and determine the effect on maxillary growth in children born with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCCLP). Design The GOSLON Yardstick was used to assess dental models taken on patients treated with and without active infant orthopedics. Patients Two groups of nonsyndromic Caucasian children born with UCCLP (total n = 40), all treated by the same surgeon and ranging from 5 to 10 years of age, were evaluated. Interventions One group had a Latham dentomaxillary alignment (DMA) appliance inserted at 5 to 6 weeks of age, after which a lip-nasal adhesion was performed at an average age of 3.5 months. This was followed by more definitive nasolabial repair at the average age of 5.9 months. Those patients treated without preoperative orthopedics underwent a lip-nasal adhesion at average age 1.5 months followed by nasolabial repair at average age 5.1 months. Main Outcome Measures Randomized assessments using the GOSLON Yardstick were done independently at two separate times by three different examiners. Differences in GOSLON scores between the active orthopedic group and nonorthopedic group were evaluated by both categorical and continuous statistical analyses. Results The mean GOSLON score was 3.30 for the orthopedic group and 3.21 for the nonorthopedic group. There was no significant group difference in the modal scores of the two groups. Conclusions This study showed that active infant orthopedics does not affect the dental arch relationships in preadolescent children with repaired UCCLP, compared with a similar group treated without orthopedic intervention at this center.

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Armstrong, Maxwell Luke, Nicholas Smith, Rhiannon Tracey, and Heather Jackman. "The Orthopedic Effects of Electronic Cigarettes: A Systematic Review and Pediatric Case Series." Children 9, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9010062.

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Electronic cigarette (EC) use is highly prevalent, especially in the adolescent population, where 29% of Canadian adolescents have used an EC in the past thirty days per national surveys. Our pediatric orthopedic referral centre observed a cluster of delayed unions of bone fractures in adolescents using ECs and present the case series here. We then asked whether electronic cigarettes impair bone healing or influence orthopedic outcomes. A PRISMA-compliant systematic review was carried out, which revealed no human clinical studies and a general paucity of evidence around ECs and musculoskeletal health. The existing experimental evidence relevant to orthopedics is summarized. The effect of ECs on the musculoskeletal system is poorly understood and is a target for further research.

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AlRashed, Rawan Hameed. "Evaluate the Effects COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia on the Field of Orthopedics: Review Article." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 31, 2021): 3242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37065.

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As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread across Saudi Arabia, as many other health departments or specialties within the field of medicine and surgery, COVID-19 has affected the field of orthopedics to a greater extent, This might have affected not only the timely and effective care for orthopedic patients but also have resulted in new directions and plans in the field of orthopedics that will shift the care degree. In addition, orthopedic surgeons might experience challenges in providing effective and required for their patients with an overall decline of care due to COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, it is also essential to reflect on the future directions and changes that need to be adopted by the health specialists working in the field of orthopedics. This can include the reopening of facilities for elective surgery. Given the current circumstances, much remains unknown about COVID-19. It is important that individuals continue to follow guidance of Saudi ministry of health, that said, the Saudi of Orthopaedic Surgeons like to share some important considerations that individuals should consider before making any decisions.

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Berebichez-Fridman, Roberto, Ricardo Gómez-García, Julio Granados-Montiel, Enrique Berebichez-Fastlicht, Anell Olivos-Meza, Julio Granados, Cristina Velasquillo, and Clemente Ibarra. "The Holy Grail of Orthopedic Surgery: Mesenchymal Stem Cells—Their Current Uses and Potential Applications." Stem Cells International 2017 (2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2638305.

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Only select tissues and organs are able to spontaneously regenerate after disease or trauma, and this regenerative capacity diminishes over time. Human stem cell research explores therapeutic regenerative approaches to treat various conditions. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are derived from adult stem cells; they are multipotent and exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. They can differentiate into multiple cell types of the mesenchyme, for example, endothelial cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, tenocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, and sarcomere muscular cells. MSCs are easily obtained and can be cultivated and expanded in vitro; thus, they represent a promising and encouraging treatment approach in orthopedic surgery. Here, we review the application of MSCs to various orthopedic conditions, namely, orthopedic trauma; muscle injury; articular cartilage defects and osteoarthritis; meniscal injuries; bone disease; nerve, tendon, and ligament injuries; spinal cord injuries; intervertebral disc problems; pediatrics; and rotator cuff repair. The use of MSCs in orthopedics may transition the practice in the field from predominately surgical replacement and reconstruction to bioregeneration and prevention. However, additional research is necessary to explore the safety and effectiveness of MSC treatment in orthopedics, as well as applications in other medical specialties.

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Antoniac, Iulian, Marian Miculescu, Veronica Mănescu (Păltânea), Alexandru Stere, Pham Hong Quan, Gheorghe Păltânea, Alina Robu, and Kamel Earar. "Magnesium-Based Alloys Used in Orthopedic Surgery." Materials 15, no. 3 (February 2, 2022): 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15031148.

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Magnesium (Mg)-based alloys have become an important category of materials that is attracting more and more attention due to their high potential use as orthopedic temporary implants. These alloys are a viable alternative to nondegradable metals implants in orthopedics. In this paper, a detailed overview covering alloy development and manufacturing techniques is described. Further, important attributes for Mg-based alloys involved in orthopedic implants fabrication, physiological and toxicological effects of each alloying element, mechanical properties, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis of Mg are presented. A section detailing the main biocompatible Mg-based alloys, with examples of mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and cytotoxicity tests related to in vitro experiments, is also provided. Special attention is given to animal testing, and the clinical translation is also reviewed, focusing on the main clinical cases that were conducted under human use approval.

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Bai, Rushui, Liying Peng, Qiannan Sun, Yunfan Zhang, Lingyun Zhang, Yan Wei, and Bing Han. "Metallic Antibacterial Surface Treatments of Dental and Orthopedic Materials." Materials 13, no. 20 (October 15, 2020): 4594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204594.

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The oral cavity harbors complex microbial communities, which leads to biomaterial-associated infections (BAI) during dental and orthopedic treatments. Conventional antibiotic treatments have met great challenges recently due to the increasing emergency of drug-resistant bacteria. To tackle this clinical issue, antibacterial surface treatments, containing surface modification and coatings, of dental and orthopedic materials have become an area of intensive interest now. Among various antibacterial agents used in surface treatments, metallic agents possess unique properties, mainly including broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, low potential to develop bacterial resistance, relative biocompatibility, and chemical stability. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on underlying antibacterial applications and the mechanisms of metallic agents in dentistry and orthopedics. An overview of the present review indicates that much work remains to be done to deepen the understanding of antibacterial mechanisms and potential side-effects of metallic agents.

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Jena, Ashok Kumar, Ritu Duggal, and Hari Parkash. "Orthopedic and orthodontic effects of Twin-block appliance." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 29, no. 3 (April 1, 2005): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.29.3.c33050g516406336.

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This prospective study was conducted on 24 North Indian subjects (10 Control and 14 Twin-block) to evaluate the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of Twin-block appliance in the treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusion. The result of the present study showed that Twin-block is an effective appliance in accelerating mandibular growth. It also helped dramatically in molar correction and overjet reduction in Class II division 1 malocclusion subjects.

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Chiu, Shin-Lin, Mei-Jih Gee, Chih-Hsin Muo, Chiao-Lee Chu, Shou-Jen Lan, and Chiu-Liang Chen. "The sociocultural effects on orthopedic surgeries in Taiwan." PLOS ONE 13, no. 3 (March 29, 2018): e0195183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195183.

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Heide, Michael P., Martin S. Heide, Dan-Cristian Dabija, and Barbara Kreis-Engelhardt. "Effects of COVID-19 on the glocal management in the orthopedic craft." SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219201013.

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Research background: The industrialized world is experiencing a far-reaching crisis situation due to the pandemic triggered by COVID-19. Economies with global value chains are particularly badly affected, including Germany. The associated glocal effects force the management of organizations, including SMEs in the healthcare sector, to place risk management on a strategic level. Purpose of the article: This research contribution is intended to provide organizations in times of crisis with a profitable outline of the intelligent use of business management tools in the Corona crisis. The focus is on the determination of significant value and risk drivers using SWOT analysis, communicative reporting and the creation of key figures for decision support. The results of the 2nd survey of the Federal Guild of Orthopedic Technology on the Corona effects show high sales and order drops due to a sharp decrease in the frequency of customers at orthopedic companies compared to grocery retailers. In the Corona crisis, both sectors are considered to be systemically relevant and are of major importance for the state community. Methods: The authors have analyzed pandemic-related secondary data in order to show the economic effects of COVID-19 for SMEs in the healthcare sector and to comprehensively record the problem. It was carried on already available data from WHO, DeSTATIS as well as specialist organs of technical orthopedics were used. Findings & Value added: In a crisis, managers are primarily challenged to evaluate and redefine their previous management philosophy. Proactive and cross-functional cost management across the entire value chain is essential to ensure the continued existence of the company.

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Zhao, Ning, Han Shi, Yun Xu, and Yang Xi Chen. "Orthopedic Effects of Repelling Rare Earth Magnets on Craniofacial Sutures of Rhesus Monkeys." Key Engineering Materials 330-332 (February 2007): 1319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.330-332.1319.

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The objectives of this study are to investigate the influence of class III orthopedic forces generated by repelling rare earth magnets of class III magnetic orthopedic appliance (MOA-III) on the zygmaticomaxillary suture of Rhesus monkeys. Six male Rhesus monkeys in the stage of mixed dentition were used in this study. Fluorescent dyes were injected intravenously in each animal before and during the experimental period. Distinct changes from physiologic growth remodeling were observed in some sutures but not in the control groups. No inflammation was noted in both experimental and control monkeys. The results show that MOA-III is a small intraoral appliance to treat class III malocclusion, and the 300gm per side heavy orthopedic forces are safe and effective for Rhesus monkey.

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Stevanovic, V., Z. Blagojevic, Z. Ganic, I. Diklic, A. Crnobaric, and M. Glisic. "Intramedullary fixation and proximal femoral fractures: Diversity in use through case reports." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 57, no. 1 (2010): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci1001035s.

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Proximal femoral fractures, including intertrochanetric and subtrochanteric with diaphiseal propagation represent a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery, especially in older population. Retrospective analysis of patients, after the application of 'Bi Nail (Bioimpianti Inc.) intramedullary nail for fractures and pathological conditions of proximal femur, was done at the Department of Adult Orthopedics, Institute of Orthopedic surgery Banjica, during the three year period. We present patients with complex fractures and pathological conditions (metastasis and pseudoarthrosis) of proximal femur; most of the fractures were result of effects of low energy, and the most common pathological fracture is due to metastasis of breast cancer. The analysis included the technical characteristics and duration of surgery, intraoperative and postoperative complications as well as the coalescence time of fracture healing and postoperative quality of life after rehabilitation. We believe that the described surgical method, although technically demanding, with a variable length duration of surgery and treatment of high risk elderly patients, provides stable fracture fixation with early rehabilitation to improve the quality of life.

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Chicoine, Michael R., T. S. Park, and Bruce A. Kaufman. "Selective dorsal rhizotomy and rates of orthopedic surgery in children with spastic cerebral palsy." Journal of Neurosurgery 86, no. 1 (January 1997): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1997.86.1.0034.

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✓ If the spasticity of cerebral palsy (CP) is reduced in children at a young age by selective dorsal rhizotomy, the incidence of lower-extremity deformities requiring orthopedic surgery may be reduced; however, this has never been investigated in detail. The authors examined the effects of selective dorsal rhizotomy on rates of lower-extremity orthopedic surgery in 178 children with CP. Age at selective dorsal rhizotomy ranged from 2 to 19.3 years (mean 5.5 years) with follow-up intervals ranging from 24 to 70 months (mean 44 months). Spastic CP was classified as quadriplegia (33%), diplegia (65%), and hemiplegia (2%). To assess the effects of early versus late rhizotomy on rates of orthopedic surgery, patients were grouped as follows: Group I underwent rhizotomy between 2 and 4 years of age (54 patients), and Group II underwent rhizotomy between 5 and 19 years of age (124 patients). Comparison of Kaplan—Meier plots of lifetime orthopedic surgery rates revealed that Group II underwent orthopedic surgery at a higher rate than Group I (p = 0.037). Analysis by procedure type revealed higher orthopedic surgery rates in Group II than Group I for heel cord releases (p = 0.0025), adductor releases (p = 0.018), and hamstring releases (p = 0.02). Orthopedic surgery rates were no higher for Group II compared to Group I for ankle/foot operations (p = 0.023), femoral osteotomy (p = 0.25), iliopsoas releases (p = 0.35), and “other” operations (p = 0.013). The data indicate that early rhizotomy reduces the need for orthopedic surgery for heel cord, hamstring, and adductor releases.

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Ahmed Alhaneedi, Ghalib, Abduljabbar Alhammoud, Shamsi Hameed, Mohammad Al Ateeq Al Dosari, and Abdullatif Alkhal. "DOES RESTRUCTURING THE RESEARCH CURRICULUM OF ORTHOPEDIC TRAINING PROGRAM AFFECT THE RESEARCH PERFORMANCE? EVIDENCE FROM QATAR." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 01 (January 31, 2021): 950–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12375.

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Background: The participation of trainees and faculties in the research is an integral part of postgraduate medical training and education. The educational curriculum of the training program should be structured to support the learning of the trainees scholarly activities, address research barriers, foster a culture of inquiry, and improve their research performance. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education International (ACGME-I) standards include participation in scholarly activities by residents and faculties as an essential requirement of the training program.The possible effects of research-based curriculum after accreditation of postgraduate training program on the research performance was examined in a longitudinal study of the orthopedic training program. Methods: Web-based systematic review for all publicationsfrom our orthopedic training program and only pubmed index publications of other institutional programs before (2009-2013) and after (2014-2018) accreditation was conducted. Data for the type of publications, journal name, impact factors, dates published, orthopedic specialty, level of evidence,and the role of residents and faculties in the authorship were collected.The research academic degree of residents, number of residents applied and matched for a fellowship in North America and/or UK were collected from a residents portfolio. Results: The orthopedics training program published a total of 50 articles between 2009 and 2018, which represented 2% of all other institutional programs publications. There was a significant improvement in the number of publications from three (6%) to 47(94%) articles before and after accreditation, respectively. There were 19(38%) original researches, 17(34%) review articles, 13(26%) case reports, and one letter to the editor. International Orthopedics was the most commonly used journal with ten publications (25%). Most of the publications were in orthopedic trauma with 18 articles (36%), 10(20%) pediatric orthopedics, 7 (14%) foot and ankle and 7(14%) spine articles. The residents were the first author in 50% of publications, and at least one-third were published during their training. Conclusion: This study showed that the development of the structured research based educational curriculumof the residency training program after accreditation helped in enhancing the research performance and publications in our postgraduate training program. Restructuring of the research-based curriculum after accreditation of the program appears to increase the trainees and faculties chances of being an author or co-author of a scientific article.

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Jung, Ki-Jin, Swapan Kumar Sarkar, Woo-Jong Kim, Bo-Ram Kim, Jong-Seok Park, and Byong-Taek Lee. "Bone Regeneration by Multichannel Cylindrical Granular Bone Substitute for Regeneration of Bone in Cases of Tumor, Fracture, and Arthroplasty." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 14 (July 6, 2022): 8228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148228.

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In orthopedics, a number of synthetic bone substitutes are being used for the repair and regeneration of damaged or diseased bone. The nature of the bone substitutes determines the clinical outcome and its application for a range of orthopedic clinical conditions. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the possible applications of multichannel granular bone substitutes in different types of orthopedic clinical conditions, including bone tumor, fracture, and bone defect with arthroplasty. A clinical investigation on a single patient for every specific type of disease was performed, and patient outcome was evaluated by physical and radiographic observation. Brief physical characterization of the granular bone substitute and in vivo animal model investigation were presented for a comprehensive understanding of the physical characteristics of the granules and of the performance of the bone substitute in a physiological environment, respectively. In all cases, the bone substitute stabilized the bone defect without any complications, and the defect regenerated slowly during the postoperative period. Gradual filling of the defect with the newly regenerated bone was confirmed by radiographic findings, and no adverse effects, such as osteolysis, graft dispersion, and non-union, were observed. Homogeneous bone formation was observed throughout the defect area, showing a three-dimensional bone regeneration. High-strength multichannel granules could be employed as versatile bone substitutes for the treatment of a wide range of orthopedic conditions.

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Gahlot, Nitesh, and Uttam Chand Saini. "Bisphosphonates in Orthopedics: Evidence-based Review of Indications and Adverse Effects." Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research 50, no. 2 (2016): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1197.

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ABSTRACT Bisphosphonates (BPs) are clinically the most important class of antiresorptive agents available to treat diseases characterized by osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. These agents have a potent effect on the skeleton and are in common use for treatment of osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and metastatic bone disease in adults as well as in the treatment of pediatric disorders, such as osteogenesis imperfecta, Perthes’ disease, and fibrous dysplasia. Although initial investigations had demonstrated an acceptable safety profile of bisphosphonate drugs, but recently this has been questioned by some authors. In this article, we review the chemistry, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of these agents in brief and the orthopedic applications as well as adverse effects in detail. How to cite this article Aggarwal S, Gahlot N, Saini UC, Dhillon MS. Bisphosphonates in Orthopedics: Evidencebased Review of Indications and Adverse Effects. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(2):75-85.

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Zhang, Han, Bo Pang, Zheng Ma, Huimei Dong, Hongyi He, and Lan Jiang. "A Cohort Study to Assess Cognitive Impairment and Its Effects on Older Patients in the Orthopedic Rehabilitation." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2022 (February 18, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7821525.

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Background. The cognitive role of older patients is regularly not investigated in orthopedic rehabilitation, after the elective as well as the nonelective operation. The objective of this research is to investigate the cognitive disorder and its influence over the duration of stay along with the functional consequences of the older patients who were admitted to orthopedic rehabilitation. Material and Methods. The inclusion criteria for this study were the patients with age above 50 years; who were admitted with the detection of orthopedic impairment and the surgery both elective and nonelective, investigated utilizing the MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) over admission, MBI (Modified Barthel Index), and FIM (Function Independent Measure) over admission and discharge status; and were discharged from the hospital. The demography, as well as the clinical data, comprising of the duration of stay, age and the detection was also reported. Result. Of the 109 admitted patients, 80 patients were included in the study where n = 47 (58.75%) patients were females and n = 33 (41.25%) were males. The age group range was 50 to 94 years with a mean age of 78.5 years (SD = 8.27). The diagnostic groups included for the study were fractured neck of femur (n = 34; 42.5%), orthopedic surgery (n = 22; 27.5%), and other orthopedic surgery (n = 24; 30%). The mean duration of rehabilitation stay was reported as 34 (4.39), where the MoCA was reported as 22.17 (2.44); functional independence measures were as follows: motor admission as 53.97 (7.55), motor discharge as 76.27 (5.35), cognitive admission as 30.71 (1.99), and cognitive discharge as 31.85 (1.94). Here, the diagnosis was done over the fractured neck of the femur (i.e., NOF being 34 (42.5%), elective surgeries 22 (27.5%), and other orthopedic as 24 (30%)). Conclusion. An excessive percentage of older-age patients in a rehabilitation unit with elective as well as nonelective diagnoses comprises the cognitive disorder. The cognitive screening was advised for all the older age patients in the rehabilitation units to report a specific rehabilitation plan to enhance the consequences along with the duration of stay. There is further study required to explore different cognitive strategies to enhance the rehabilitation consequences among older-age orthopedic patients.

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Wrzecińska, Marcjanna, Alicja Kowalczyk, Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Robert Kupczyński, and José Pedro Araújo. "Orthopedic diseases in dairy cattle: causes, effects, and preventions." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica 20, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.06.

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Locomotor diseases in cattle can have various causes, both infectious and non-infectious. Infectious agents, such as bacteria, mainly cause finger dermatitis and interdigital dermatitis. In turn, the non-infectious factors include deformation of the claws and the animal housing system, including the bedding material in the barn. Orthopedic disorders and diseases generate financial losses due to lower milk yield, extension of the calving period, or the need to implement treatment. Moreover, animals suffering from any hoof dysfunction suffer from reduced welfare, which results from the sensation of pain, discomfort, and stress associated with a hoof injury or deformation of the claw, or an infection developing on the bovine hoof. It is necessary to take measures to prevent the appearance of diseases and dysfunctions within the cow’s hooves, and early detection of disorders is associated with faster implementation of treatment.

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Vincent, Heather K., Amanda N. Seay, Kevin R. Vincent, James W. Atchison, and Kalia Sadasivan. "Effects of Obesity on Rehabilitation Outcomes After Orthopedic Trauma." American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 91, no. 12 (December 2012): 1051–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e31825f1b19.

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Mamilos, Andreas, Charalambos Matzaroglou, Gerrit S. Maier, Samer Zawy Alsofy, Philipp Drees, and Konstantinos Kafchitsas. "Vitamin D Deficiency in Orthopedic Patients in Different Latitudes—First Study Comparing German and Greek Populations." Osteology 3, no. 1 (January 6, 2023): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/osteology3010002.

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Vitamin D plays a pivotal role in calcium metabolism and bone mineralization. Sufficient vitamin D levels are important for the health and functionality of the musculoskeletal system. Hypovitaminosis D is a phenomenon affecting orthopedic patients worldwide. This study researched whether most orthopedic patients in two different cities of different countries had hypovitaminosis D, whether there was a correlation between sunshine hours and vitamin D serum levels, and whether hours of sunshine alone were enough to achieve vitamin D sufficiency among orthopedic patients regardless of their activities. The vitamin D serum levels of 500 orthopedic patients in Regensburg and 500 in Patras were assessed, in addition to their medical histories. The mean sunshine hours throughout the year were also calculated. Both the German and Greek groups showed hypovitaminosis D. Older patients were more affected. Although there were more hours of sunshine in Greece, Greek orthopedic patients also showed hypovitaminosis D. Hypovitaminosis D affects orthopedic patients independent of their latitude. Supplementation of vitamin D may be considered among orthopedic patients to achieve sufficient levels in serum. Sufficient vitamin D levels may be helpful for the treatment of orthopedic patients, reduce the negative effects of operations or postoperational settings.

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Ho, J. P. Y., R. W. Y. Poon, Y. T. Xie, P. C. T. Ha, and Paul K. Chu. "Anti-Corrosion Properties of Nitrogen and Oxygen Plasma-Implanted Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloy." Solid State Phenomena 107 (October 2005): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.107.111.

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Nickel-titanium shape memory alloys (NiTi) have potential applications as orthopedic implants but out-diffusion of harmful Ni from the NiTi substrate during prolonged use inside a human body is a serious issue and the problem must be solved before the materials can be more widely used in orthopedics. In this work, we produce TiN and TiOx barrier layers by plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) and study the effects of different working voltages (20kV, 30kV, and 40kV). The corrosion resistance of the plasma-treated materials is found to be much improved and the optimal processing windows are described in this paper.

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Wang, Mo Nan, and Wen Wen Xu. "Establishment of Virtual Orthopaedic Surgery System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 4466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.4466.

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For meeting the requirements of formulating a reasonable surgical planning by using PC before the orthopedic surgery, and for solving the problem that MIMICS cannot solve and post process biological tissue models, we present a new virtual orthopedic surgery system which can accurately predict the healing effects after analyzing the mechanical characteristics of biological tissue by combining finite element method with FEA software. According to the different operation plans formulate by orthopedic doctors, the different surgical results will be revealed from the virtual orthopedic surgery system by which the problem of choosing the best surgical procedure is solved and the functions of MIMICS is optimized. This paper introduces the overall structure, application platform, operating principle and major function modules of the virtual orthopedic surgery system, and then proves the practical applicability and reliability by an experiment.

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Solano-Mendoza, B., A. Iglesias-Linares, RM Yañez-Vico, A. Mendoza-Mendoza, JJ Alió-Sanz, and E. Solano-Reina. "Maxillary Protraction at Early Ages. The Revolution of New Bone Anchorage Appliances." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 37, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.37.2.q0k770403v443053.

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Purpose: An update is provided on the different types of early treatment for class III malocclusions of maxillary origin. There is an increasing tendency to prescribe maxillary orthopedic treatment with skeletal an-chorage, with the purpose of enhancing the skeletal and reducing the dentoalveolar effects - offering a management option for children with important deformations that otherwise would have to wait until adult age to receive surgical treatment. Method: A literature review has been made of maxillary bone orthopedic traction appliances in growing children with class III malocclusions. A Medline (PubMed) search was made using the following MeSH terms: Cephalometric, Child, Malocclusion class III / therapy, Extraoral traction appliances, Palatal expansion, Bone plates, Skeletal anchorage, Orthodontic anchorage. Results: Many articles show that the greatest maxillary advances are obtained at very early ages, though with a greater tendency towards relapse. However, skeletal anchorage has been seen to afford a lesser relapse rate and greater dentofacial orthopedic efficiency due to its low dentoalveolar impact. In any case, further randomized clinical studies are needed to firmly establish the quantifiable differences in terms of maxillary advance, optimum traction age, optimum traction appliance and potential side effects. At present, the incorporation of surgically inserted bone anchorage appliances (miniplates and miniscrews) offers a purely orthopedic approach to treatment, with minimization of the undesirable side effects of traditional dentofacial orthopedic compensation based on dentoalveolar anchorage. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to consolidate the supporting scientific evidence in this field.

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Gerszten, Peter C., A. Leland Albright, and Graham F. Johnstone. "Intrathecal baclofen infusion and subsequent orthopedic surgery in patients with spastic cerebral palsy." Neurosurgical Focus 4, no. 1 (January 1998): E7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.1998.4.1.8.

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Intrathecal baclofen infusion (IBI) is an effective treatment for spasticity secondary to cerebral palsy (CP). The authors retrospectively reviewed the need for orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities in 48 patients with spastic CP who were treated with IBI. Forty pumps were placed in patients suffering from spastic quadriplegia (84%) and eight (16%) in patients with spastic diplegia. The patients' ages ranged from 5 to 43 years (mean 15 years). The mean follow-up period was 53 months (range 22-94 months). The mean baclofen dosage was 306 μg/day (range 25-1350 μg/day). At the time of pump placement, subsequent orthopedic surgery was planned in 28 patients (58%); however, only 10 (21%) underwent orthopedic surgery after IBI therapy. In all 10 cases, the surgical procedure was planned at the time of initial evaluation for IBI therapy. In the remaining 18 patients, who did not subsequently undergo their planned orthopedic operation, it was believed that their lower-extremity spasticity had improved to the degree that orthopedic intervention was no longer indicated. In addition, although six patients had undergone multiple orthopedic operations before their spasticity was treated, no patient required more than one orthopedic operation after IBI treatment for their spasticity. The authors conclude that IBI for treatment of spastic CP reduces the need for subsequent orthopedic surgery for the effects of lower-extremity spasticity. In patients with spastic CP and lower-extremity contractures, spasticity should be treated before orthopedic procedures are performed.

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Li, Cuidi, Chuan Jiang, Mingzheng Peng, Tao Li, Zezheng Yang, Zhiyuan Liu, Ning Li, Chengtao Wang, Kerong Dai, and Jinwu Wang. "Proinflammatory and osteolysis-inducing effects of 3D printing Ti6Al4V particles in vitro and in vivo." RSC Advances 8, no. 4 (2018): 2229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra12677h.

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Chekhova, Olga G., V. A. Ostanina, and A. H. Shmakov. "Effects of the regional nerve blockade at the limb reperfusion in pediatric orthopedics." Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery 24, no. 5 (November 27, 2020): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9510-2020-24-5-317-322.

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Introduction. Arterial tourniquets are widely used to improve visualization of the surgical field and to reduce blood loss . However, the resulting ischemia and subsequent reperfusion make doctors seek for better options to reduce these complications. Objective. To find out how the regional nerve blockade impacts the reperfusion of ischemized limb when arterial tourniquets are removed during orthopedic surgeries in children. Material and methods. In 16 patients, who were operated on at the department of trauma and orthopedics of the Novosibirsk Children ‘s Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care (CCHEMC) , surgical intervention required the application of an arterial tourniquet. These patients became participants in an observational pilot study. Patients with tourniquets were divided into two groups: Group I - had the regional nerve blockade ( 9 patients) and Group II - had no regional nerve blockade (7 patients). Parameters of acid-base homeostasis, lactate and arterial blood glucose were assessed in all patients at all stages: before surgery (stage 1), main stage (stage 2), 5 minutes after the tourniquet removal (stage 3). The following parameters were compared in this work: mean arterial pressure (MAP), mm Hg; heart rate (min-1); concentration of lactate in the arterial blood (mmol/l), glycemia (mmol/l). The obtained findings are presented as median (Me) of lower and upper quartiles [Q25; Q75]. Results. The found dynamics of lactate concentration in participants’ blood was the most significant result of the study. In Group I, where regional anesthesia was used, lactate level decreased at the stage 2 and returned to its baseline at the stage 3. In Group II (without regional anesthesia, but with a powerful central analgesic preparation) , lactate level did not change at stage 2, but significantly increased at stage 3. Conclusion. Topical anesthetic (Ropivakaine), used in the regional nerve blockade during orthopedic surgeries in children when arterial tourniquets are put, has less harmful effects in surgical aggression.

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Ma, Christina Zong-Hao, Wing-Kai Lam, Bao-Chi Chang, and Winson Chiu-Chun Lee. "Can Insoles Be Used to Improve Static and Dynamic Balance of Community-Dwelling Older Adults? A Systematic Review on Recent Advances and Future Perspectives." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 28, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 971–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2019-0293.

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This systematic review investigated the effects of orthopedic, vibrating, and textured insoles on the postural balance of community-dwelling older adults. Articles published in English from 1999 to 2019 investigating the effects of (a) orthopedic, (b) vibrating, and (c) textured insoles on static and dynamic balance in community-dwelling older adults were considered. Twenty-four trials with a total of 634 older adults were identified. The information gathered generally supported the balance-improving effects of orthopedic, vibrating, and textured insoles in both static and dynamic conditions among community-dwelling older adults. Further examination found that rigidity, texture patterns, vibration thresholds, and components like arch supports and heel cups are important factors in determining whether insoles can improve balance. This review highlights the potential of insoles for improving the static and dynamic balance of community-dwelling older adults. Good knowledge in insole designs and an understanding of medical conditions of older adults are required when attempts are made to improve postural balance using insoles.

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Koo, Ja-Pung, Jung-Hyun Choi, and Nyeon-Jun Kim. "The effects of maitland orthopedic manual therapy on improving constipation." Journal of Physical Therapy Science 28, no. 10 (2016): 2857–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.2857.

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Naveen, Shamnur. "THE EFFECTS OF ORTHOPEDIC FACEMASK DEPENDING ON VERTICAL FACIAL PATTERNS." annals and essences of dentistry 3, no. 3 (June 10, 2011): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5368/aedj.2011.3.3.1.2.

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Aubaid, Adnan Hamad, and Khalid Lahmood Yassen. "EFFECTS OF ANESTHESIA ON INNATE IMMUNE COMPONENTS IN ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i12.29554.

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Objectives: The present study was carried out to evaluate the possible role of anesthetics and surgery on innate by measuring the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interferon gamma (IFNγ) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Flow cytometry was used to determine MCP-I and CD16.Methods: Serum level of TNFα and IFNγ cytokines was measured using ELISA technique. Flow cytometry was used to determine MCP-I and CD16. White blood cell count and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined.Results: There was a highly significant rise in CRP blood level postoperatively when compared with pre-operative blood level (p<0.001). In addition, the results revealed a significant rise in neutrophil count after operation in comparison with its baseline level before operation (p<0.001), while the level of lymphocytes showed significant decline following operation (p<0.001). The level of monocyte and eosinophil also got significantly reduced after operation (p<0.001), whereas the level of basophil showed no significant alteration after operation (p=0.687). CD16 NK cell count revealed a significant rise during the time of anesthesia. However, it showed a significant decrease postoperatively, but the reduction did not reach baseline count. It has been noticed also that the level of MCP-1 got raised significantly in association with anesthesia induction; however, it returned back to its baseline level following surgery.Conclusions: Analysis of data to correlate the innate immune components TNFα, IFNγ, MCP-I, and CD16 with types of anesthetic drugs (general, local, and regional anesthesia) showed no significant association between these components and type of anesthesia (p>0.05).

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Amini, Ami R., James S. Wallace, and Syam P. Nukavarapu. "Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Orthopedic Biodegradable Implants." Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants 21, no. 2 (2011): 93–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.v21.i2.10.

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Lingg, Myriam, Everth Merida-Herrera, Kaspar Wyss, and Luis Durán-Arenas. "ATTITUDES OF ORTHOPEDIC SPECIALISTS TOWARD EFFECTS OF MEDICAL DEVICE PURCHASING." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, no. 1 (2017): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317000101.

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess viewpoints of end-users concerning the purchasing process of high-risk medical devices and to discuss the relevance of health technology assessments (HTAs) at the hospital level and other potential areas for improvement of purchasing processes.Methods: We used a cross-sectional study and assessed the attitudes and thoughts of orthopedic specialists. The study took place between June and October 2015 in Mexico.Results: We collected data from 187 orthopedic surgeons. Involvement of orthopedic specialists in purchasing was reported by 86 percent. However, clinical practice was perceived as negatively influenced by purchasing outcomes by 92 percent. The problems were described as: material failure; effectiveness of medical devices; obsolete medical device technology; incomplete provision of implant / instrument sets; delayed provision of implants and instruments.Conclusions: To prevent sub-standard outcomes of purchasing decisions, this study and the current literature suggest that technologies should be assessed during the purchasing process, end-users should be adequately involved, and decisions should be based on multiple criteria including clinical impact in the short-term (e.g., primary stability of implant) and long-term (e.g., survival of implant). The focus on Mexico is particularly novel and provides insights into a health system where HTA is mainly present at the macro level and can be used for the listing of medical device technologies in the standard list. This study concludes that Mexican stakeholders of the purchasing process underestimate the contribution of HTAs at the level of purchasing decisions. HTA in Mexico has improved over the past years but still requires more advancement.

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Amini, Fariborz, Alireza Jafari, Ali Borzabadi Farahani, and Ladan Eslamian. "Orthopedic effects of splint high-pull headgear—A cephalometric appraisal." Orthodontic Waves 69, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.odw.2010.03.001.

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Morrey, B. F. "The Effects of Obesity on Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Pathology." Yearbook of Orthopedics 2008 (January 2008): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0276-1092(08)79195-8.

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Li, Xuan, Chenglin Chu, and Paul K. Chu. "Effects of external stress on biodegradable orthopedic materials: A review." Bioactive Materials 1, no. 1 (September 2016): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2016.09.002.

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Boylan, Matthew R., Kelly I. Suchman, James D. Slover, and Joseph A. Bosco. "Patterns of Narcotic Prescribing by Orthopedic Surgeons for Medicare Patients." American Journal of Medical Quality 33, no. 6 (April 22, 2018): 637–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1062860618771190.

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In recent years, narcotics have been subject to increased regulation and monitoring because of their side effects and potential for misuse. Currently, variation in prescribing patterns of narcotics among orthopedic surgeons is unknown. The Medicare Part D claims database was used to identify orthopedic surgeons who prescribed at least one schedule II or III narcotic during 2014. The median duration of a narcotic prescription was 8.2 days. The median prescription duration was shortest for hand surgeons (5.6 days) and longest for spine surgeons (12.6 days). Orthopedic surgeons in New York (10.1 days) provided the most narcotics per prescription, with physicians in Vermont (6.2 days) providing the least. Substantial variation exists in narcotic prescribing patterns for orthopedic surgeons at the individual, subspecialty, and statewide levels. With public health focus on reducing narcotics abuse, physician stewardship of these medications will become increasingly relevant.

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Kostenko, S. B., G. N. Nakashidze, I. M. Bohdan, O. Ye Kostenko, and I. V. Penzelyk. "Comparative analysis of the prevalence complications in the teeth preparation for different types of orthopedic structures using classical and minimally invasive protocols." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 25, no. 1 (March 27, 2021): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2021-25(1)-14.

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Annotation. The research analyzes the prevalence of biological and technical complications in orthopedic rehabilitation of dental patients and comparative evaluation of classical and minimally invasive protocols of preparation for different types of orthopedic structures. Study goal - to make a comparative assessment of the prevalence and relative risks of biological and technical complications in the teeth preparation for different types of orthopedic structures using classical and mini-invasive protocols in prosthetic rehabilitation of dental patients. During the study 725 dental patients were comprehensive examined. The patients rehabilitation with the usage of different orthopedic structures types was evaluated, the average term of their functioning was studied and biological and technological complications in orthopedic treatment were registered. Relative risk indicators of biological consequences of iatrogenic interventions in comparison with the vital teeth condition which not covered with orthopedic structures are calculated. The following statistical research methods were used: bootstrap variant of analysis using Duncan's criterion and Pearson's consistency criterion with Yates correction. It is established that minimally invasive design of orthopedic structures (partial ceramic and all-ceramic veneers) is characterized by a statistically lower level of relative risk of complications, including both biological and technical. So, the implementation of minimally invasive protocols for the preparation of teeth for different types of orthopedic structures helps to reduce the relative risk of associated complications (mainly by reducing the risk of adverse effects), preserving more hard tissues of enamel and dentin compared to dentin and dentin. the magnitude of the risk of complications during the classical preparation protocols.

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Singh, R., A. K. Sharma, and A. K. Sharma. "Nickel-titanium based nanocomposites for orthopedic applications: the effects of reinforcements." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 16, no. 4 (December 2021): 1501–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2021.164.1501.

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Owing to better mechanical properties and shape memory effect, the nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy is a favorable material for orthopedic implants. However, low wear resistance and limited biocompatibility of NiTi can be enhanced by nano-sized reinforcements. Several NiTi-based nanocomposites are developed using nano-sized ceramic reinforcements. Similarly, bioceramic (i.e., HAp) reinforced NiTi nanocomposites are also developed to improve their bioactive properties. However, these nanocomposites show high interconnected pores that severely affect their mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Therefore, some further improvements are required to balance the mechanical and biological properties of NiTi-based nanocomposites. This paper provides a better understanding of NiTi-based nanocomposites developed for orthopedic applications and the resultant effects of nano-sized reinforcements on mechanical, wear, corrosion, biocompatible and bioactive properties. Besides, the synthesis of NiTi nanocomposites using the powder metallurgy process and the effects of process parameters on the nanocomposite properties were also discussed.

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Moro, Eduardo Toshiyuki, Miguel Antônio Teixeira Ferreira, Renyer dos Santos Gonçalves, Roberta Costa Vargas, Samira Joverno Calil, Maria Alice Soranz, and Joshua Bloomstone. "The Quality of Recovery after Dexamethasone, Ondansetron, or Placebo Administration in Patients Undergoing Lower Limbs Orthopedic Surgery under Spinal Anesthesia Using Intrathecal Morphine. A Randomized Controlled Trial." Anesthesiology Research and Practice 2020 (May 20, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9265698.

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Intrathecal morphine is widely and successfully used to prevent postoperative pain after orthopedic surgery, but it is frequently associated with side effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone or ondansetron when compared to placebo to reduce the occurrence of these undesirable effects and, consequently, to improve the quality of recovery based on patient’s perspective. Methods. One hundred and thirty-five patients undergoing lower extremity orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia using bupivacaine and morphine were randomly assigned to receive IV dexamethasone, ondansetron, or saline. On the morning following surgery, a quality of recovery questionnaire (QoR-40) was completed. Results. No differences were detected in the global and dimensional QoR-40 scores following surgery; however, following postanesthesia care unit (PACU) discharge, pain scores were higher in patients receiving ondansetron compared with patients who received dexamethasone. Conclusion. Neither ondansetron nor dexamethasone improves the quality of recovery after lower limbs orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia using intrathecal morphine.

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Ongtrakulkij, Goratouch, and Anak Khantachawana. "Influence of Fine Shot Peening on Mechanical Properties of Orthopedic Plate and Screw." Key Engineering Materials 803 (May 2019): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.803.148.

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As the bone fracture is now considered the second most serious disease in the world, a huge number of orthopedic devices for bone healing is being developed. However, there happened to be a number of incidents in which the orthopedic plates were broken inside the body due to inadequate strength. The present study aims to investigate the effects of Fine Shot Peening (FSP) conditions on performances of orthopedic plates and screws. In this research, there are 3 types of medical alloys to be studied namely SUS316 alloy, Ti6Al4V alloy and Ti6Al7Nb. In FSP process, 40 and 80 μm diameter of silica media was selected and utilized. FSP was carried out under the pressure of 0.5 MPa in Nitrogen atmosphere. The study shown that Ti6Al4V alloy with FSP media diameter of 80 μm resulted in 11% increment of bending strength and 40% increment of surface hardness. Regarding the orthopedic screw, the result shown that after applying FSP, the pull out strength from bone could be increased above 76%.

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Beahrs, Taylor R., James Reagan, Clayton C. Bettin, Benjamin J. Grear, G. Andrew Murphy, and David R. Richardson. "Smoking Effects in Foot and Ankle Surgery: An Evidence-Based Review." Foot & Ankle International 40, no. 10 (August 18, 2019): 1226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100719867942.

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Background: The purpose of this article was to review the basic science pertaining to the harmful effects of cigarette smoke, summarize recent clinical outcome studies, and examine the benefits of smoking cessation and the efficacy of current smoking cessation strategies. Methods: The literature concerning basic science, clinical outcomes, and smoking cessation was reviewed; over half (56%) of the 52 articles reviewed were published in the last 5 years. Results: Smoking is associated with low bone mineral density, delayed fracture union, peri-implant bone loss, and implant failure. Orthopedic surgical patients who smoke have increased pain and lower overall patient satisfaction, along with significantly increased rates of wound healing complications. Discussion/Conclusion: Active smoking is a significant modifiable risk factor and should be discontinued before foot and ankle surgery whenever possible. Orthopedic surgeons play an important role in educating patients on the effects of smoking and facilitating access to smoking cessation resources. Level of Evidence: Level V, expert opinion.

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Mihalko, William M. "Preface: Local and Systemic Effects of Wear Particles from Orthopedic Devices." Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants 24, no. 1 (2014): vi—vii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.2014010691.

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Yun, Taesik, Soo Yeon Jung, Kyongmook Kang, Seon-Jong Yun, Yoonhoi Koo, Jooyoung Park, Ill-Hwa Kim, and Hyun-Gu Kang. "Side Effects of Orthopedic Products in Veterinary Medicine in South Korea." Journal of Veterinary Clinics 39, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17555/jvc.2022.39.1.9.

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Kilpatrick, Jennifer Johnson, and Bernard A. Rineberg. "THE ORTHOPEDIC WORK FORCE AND THE EFFECTS OF HEALTH CARE REFORM." Orthopedics 17, no. 2 (February 1994): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0147-7447-19940201-06.

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Alanazi, Muhannad Faleh, Ziyad Thamer Alanazi, Meshari Owaid Alanazi, Sultan Rohayel Alanazi, Wael Owaid Alanazi, Yazeed Owaid Alanazi, and Abdulsalam Saleem Alanazi. "Covid-19 Pandemic Effects on Orthopedic Patients: Northern Saudi Patients’ Perspectives." Archives Of Pharmacy Practice 12, no. 3 (2021): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.51847/qzf4fqmf7f.

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Mukand, Jon A., Chunbo Cai, Anita Zielinski, Michele Danish, and Judith Berman. "The effects of dehydration on rehabilitation outcomes of elderly orthopedic patients." Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 84, no. 1 (January 2003): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2003.50064.

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Petrichenko, Anna V., Elena A. Bukreeva, Pavel A. Romanov, Olga A. Tiganova, Nadezda M. Ivanova, Alexander A. Ochkurenko, Andrey I. Snetkov, Oleg V. Kozhevnikov, and Alexander K. Morozov. "Musculoskeletal sequelae of childhood bone sarcoma survivors." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 7, no. 1 (April 6, 2019): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors7157-70.

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Background. Childhood solid tumor survivors are known to be at risk for serious musculoskeletal late effects that may result in disability, associated with multicomponent antitumor treatment. Aims. To improve the quality of life of childhood bone sarcoma survivors. Materials and methods. Forty-six children and adolescents (22 males, 24 females) were treated for primary bone sarcomas (follow-up, 22216 months). Mean age at orthopedic diagnosis was 15.09 years (range, 623 years). Treatment consisted of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy of the initial tumor and metastasis left after induction and/or oncologic surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. We used the NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events for reporting. Results. The most common grade of late effects observed was grade 2 (91 cases). We observed serious adverse events, that is, grade 4 (life-threatening consequences) in five cases and grade 5 (death related to adverse events) in one. A total of 32 orthopedic patients had fewer than six late effects, while 14 had more than six late effects. Conclusions. The development of musculoskeletal sequelae is unavoidable in the majority of the survivors due to the need to use them in very aggressive treatment strategies leading to a significant increase in survival. Early diagnosis and orthopedic correction of adverse effects are necessary to ensure an acceptable quality of life and good social adaptation of patients.

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TAOUKREO FELNA Ousmane, ZOFFOUN Orestes, LACHKAR Adnane, YACOUBI Hicham, and NAJIB Abedeljaouad. "Attitudes and practices of orthopedic surgeons when using fluoroscopy in the operating room." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 15, no. 2 (August 30, 2022): 593–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.15.2.0870.

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Introduction: The aim of this study is to assess the practices and knowledge levels of Moroccan orthopedic surgeons on the possible uses and risks of fluoroscopy and to evaluate methods for preventing radiation damage in the operating room. Methods: A questionnaire with a total of 16 questions was sent by courier to 180 Moroccan orthopedic surgeons and orthopedic resident physicians practicing in Morocco. The questionnaire assessed participants' knowledge of the uses and risks of fluoroscopy and methods of preventing harm. The effects of fluoroscopy on patients were not evaluated in our study. Results: The data obtained were statistically evaluated. Of the surgeons surveyed 53.3% were medical specialists, 29.4% were resident doctors and 17.2% were professors. The number of people with more than ten years of experience was 48.9%, only 6.1% of participants had less than one year of experience. 61.1% of surgeons used fluoroscopy between 2 to 5 times per week, almost 8% of participants used the image intensifier more than 10 times per week. Among the surgeons surveyed, 87.2% had never received training on the principles of using fluoroscopy. Dosimeters were not used by 95% of the surgeons surveyed. Conclusion: According to the survey results, the need for fluoroscopy was very high in orthopedic surgery. However, orthopedic surgeons have inadequate knowledge about the uses and risks of fluoroscopy and methods for preventing damage. Therefore, we believe that training on this topic should be provided to all orthopedic surgeons.

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Ma, Christina Zong-Hao, Duo Wai-Chi Wong, Anson Hong-Ping Wan, and Winson Chiu-Chun Lee. "Effects of orthopedic insoles on static balance of older adults wearing thick socks." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 42, no. 3 (January 29, 2018): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364617752982.

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Background: The wearing of socks and insoles may affect the ability of the foot to detect tactile input influencing postural balance. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether (1) thick socks adversely affected the elderly postural balance and (2) orthopedic insoles could improve the elderly postural balance while wearing thick socks. Study design: Repeated-measures study design. Methods: In total, 14 healthy older adults were recruited. A monofilament test was conducted to evaluate foot plantar sensation with and without thick socks. Subjects then performed the Romberg tests under three conditions: (1) barefoot, (2) with socks only, and (3) with both socks and insoles. Postural balance was assessed by measuring the center of pressure movement during standing in each experimental condition. Results: Thick socks significantly decreased the monofilament score ( p < 0.001), suggesting reduction in ability to detect external forces. All center of pressure parameters increased significantly while wearing thick socks ( p < 0.017), implying reduction of postural stability. They then decreased significantly with the additional use of insoles ( p < 0.017). Conclusion: Previous studies have documented the changes in plantar pressure distribution with the use of orthopedic insoles. This study further suggests that such changes in contact mechanics could produce some balance-improving effects, which appears not to have been reported earlier. Clinical relevance Wearing thick socks reduces plantar pressure sensitivity and increases postural sway which may increase risk of falls. Orthopedic insoles and footwear with similar design could potentially be a cost-effective method in maintaining postural balance when wearing thick socks.

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Lee, Jihye, Ji Young Kim, Yoon Jeong Choi, Kyung-Ho Kim, and Chooryung J. Chung. "Effects of placement angle and direction of orthopedic force application on the stability of orthodontic miniscrews." Angle Orthodontist 83, no. 4 (December 14, 2012): 667–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/090112-703.1.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the influence of placement angle and direction of orthopedic force application on the stability of miniscrews. Materials and Methods: Finite element analysis was performed using miniscrews inserted into supporting bone at angles of 90°, 60°, and 30° (P90°, P60°, and P30°). An orthopedic heavy force of 800 gf was applied to the heads of the miniscrews in four upward (U0°, U30°, U60°, U90°) or lateral (L0°, L30°, L60°, L90°) directions. In addition, pull-out strength of the miniscrews was measured with various force directions and cortical bone thicknesses. Results: Miniscrews with a placement angle of 30° (P30°) and 60° (P60°) showed a significant increase in maximum von Mises stress following the increase in lateral force vectors (U30°, U60°, U90°) compared to those with a placement angle of 90° (P90°). In accordance, the pull-out strength was higher with the axial upward force when compared to the upward force with lateral vectors. Maximum von Mises stress and displacement of the miniscrew increased as the angle of lateral force increased (L30°, L60°, L90°). However, a more dramatic increase in maximum von Mises stress was noted in P30° than in P60° and P90°. Conclusion: Placement of the miniscrew perpendicular to the cortical bone is advantageous in terms of biomechanical stability. Placement angles of less than 60° can reduce the stability of miniscrews when orthopedic forces are applied in various directions.

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Bao, Fuqin, Dapeng Wang, Hongyan Zhao, and Bo Xu. "Application and Statistical Health Analysis of Predictive Nursing in Orthopedic Nursing." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 9, no. 8 (October 1, 2019): 1547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2019.2781.

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Objective: To investigate the application of predictive nursing guidelines in orthopedic care based on medical imaging and health statistics. Methods: 140 patients were divided into two groups: observation and control. The patients in the control group received routine nursing. The patients in the observation group received the guidance of predictive nursing on the basis of routine nursing. The nursing effects of the two groups were observed. Results: After the implementation of nursing interventions, the complication rate was 4.3% in the observation group and 20.0% in the control group. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The satisfaction rate was 97.1%, and the nursing satisfaction of the control group was 90.0%. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Discussion: Through observation of patient satisfaction and treatment, especially in orthopedics, patients are differentiated according to different diseases, and predictive care can effectively prevent complications. Conclusion: Predictive care provides preventive measures by comprehensively understanding and comprehensively assessing the patient's condition and developing care measures in a timely and effective manner.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Orthopedic effects'

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