Journal articles on the topic 'Orphans'
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1
Ali, Dr Umar Mohammed. "IMPORTANT OF TAKEN CARE OF ORPHANS IN ISLAMIC RELIGION PERSPECTIVE." American Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovations and Research 5, no. 7 (July 1, 2023): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajiir/volume05issue07-02.
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If an orphan possesses wealth in any form, Allah commands the community or orphan guardian to use it judiciously in their benefit, conserve it for them, multiply it for them, if possible, and turn it over to them when they come of age , prophet Muhammad SAW (PBUH) spoke several times on the issues of the Orphats , who ever take care of the Orphats here in this world , Allah SWT will put him in to Paradise . This research is focus on the important of taken care of the Orphats in a Islamic religion perspective , orphans actually have the right to be taken care of. But with every right comes responsibility, and the Quran places this responsibility on the individual, meaning every Muslim should give to orphans in need.
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Zhao, Qi, Hui He, Huang Gu, Junfeng Zhao, Peilian Chi, and Xiaoming Li. "Facial Expression Processing of Children Orphaned by Parental HIV/AIDS: A Cross-Sectional ERP Study with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (September 23, 2021): 9995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18199995.
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Existing behavioral studies have suggested that individuals with early life stress usually show abnormal emotional processing. However, limited event-related brain potentials (ERPs) evidence was available to explore the emotional processes in children orphaned by parental HIV/AIDS (“AIDS orphans”). The current study aims to investigate whether there are behavioral and neurological obstacles in the recognition of emotional faces in AIDS orphans and also to further explore the processing stage at which the difference in facial emotion recognition exists. A total of 81 AIDS orphans and 60 non-orphan children were recruited through the local communities and school systems in Henan, China. Participants completed a computer version of the rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) task while recording ERPs. Behavioral results showed that orphans displayed higher response accuracy and shorter reaction time than the control (ps < 0.05). As for the ERPs analysis, the attenuated amplitude of N170 (i.e., an early component sensitive to facial configuration) was observed in AIDS orphans compared to the non-orphan control with happy and neutral faces; P300 (i.e., an endogenous component for affective valence evaluation in emotional processing) also showed significant differences in parietal lobe between groups, the non-orphan control group produced larger P300 amplitudes than orphans (p < 0.05). The results suggested that compared to the control group, AIDS orphans showed impaired facial emotion recognition ability with reduced brain activation.
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Baranauskiene, I., and A. B. Kovalenko. "PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF OLDER PRESCHOOL-AGE ORPHANS’ INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS." Ukrainian Psychological Journal, no. 2 (14) (2020): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/upj.2020.2(14).1.
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The article presents the research on the characteristics of older preschool-age orphans’ interpersonal relationships. It reveals differences between the functioning of the sphere of orphans’ interpersonal relations and that of children brought up in families. Orphans show higher interest in adults, indicating that orphans’ need in adults’ attention is not satisfied. The main motives for communication with adults in families are mutual interactions and cognitive needs, while the dominant motive of orphan children is searching for attention and kindness. Orphans show increased inclination to conflicts, cause for which are every-day issues and the struggle for adults’ attention and friendliness. The main cause of conflicts characteristic for family-raised children is their selfaffirmation in games. Orphans are less and less likely to express their own emotions when communicating. They rarely turn to their partners for some advice, support, and sharing of experiences, unlike children in families. Orphaned children feel indifference in relationships with peers. Differences were found between orphaned children and family-raised children as for well-being of relationships: orphans’ well-being is quite low, while family-raised children’s well-being is high. Orphaned children, due to problems in interpersonal relationships with adults and peers, have some deviations in the most important psychological formations: distortion of self image, delayed formation of subjective attitude to oneself, as well as slow and abnormal development of activity, which may further negative affect their psychological well-being.
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Alkurd, Deea Ahmed. "A Proposed Vision To Strengthen The Psychological And Social Support For Orphans In Care Homes." Al-Lughah: Jurnal Bahasa 10, no. 1 (June 23, 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/lughah.v10i1.4557.
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The study aimed to identify the necessity of building a proposed vision to enhance the psychological and social support of orphans in care homes, and the researcher reviews in this study the definition of the study terms represented in psychological and social support and orphanages and care homes, as well as the difficulties and challenges facing orphan care institutions in providing psychological and social support to orphans The researcher used the descriptive desktop approach to identify the literature related to developing the proposed vision to enhance psychological and social support for orphans in care homes. The study showed that providing psychological and social support helps orphans Depositors in care homes to face life stresses and positive adaptation to the circumstance of loss and overcome difficulties before them in order to develop their psychological and social compatibility, as well as enable them through programs to explore their capabilities and develop their capabilities and raise their competencies. The study recommended providing orphan care institutions with the amenities, entertainment and educational games aimed at contributing to creating a positive atmosphere aimed at achieving psychological and social compatibility for the orphans in which they are placed1. Ibrahim, Zakaria (1973 AD) The Artist and the Man, Egypt: Dar Gharib for Printing and Publishing.2. Istiti, Tasnim, Muhammad Jamal. Hassan (2007 CE): Orphan's Rights in Islamic Jurisprudence, Master Thesis, College of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.3. Al-Buraq, Amna (2011): The needs of adults of unknown parentage after leaving institutions for orphans, the first Saudi conference for orphan care.4. Jalal, Nusseibeh (2017): Psychological care for Syrian refugee orphans, "a field study", Research Center for Studies, Syria.5. Al-Halibi, Khalid bin Saud (1425 AH): How can you contribute to developing the positive character of an orphan by making use of educational experiences, a working paper in a symposium entitled: “Future visions for orphan care in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,” Ministry of Social Affairs, Ministry Agency For Social Affairs, Social Affairs Office, Dammam, Tuesday 21/8/1425 AH corresponding to 5/10/20046. Hamzah, Ahmad (2011): The Effectiveness of an Integrated Counseling Program in Reducing Violence for a Sample of Orphaned Delinquent Children, The First Saudi Conference for Orphan Care.7. Al-Khayyat, Abdul Aziz (1981): Interdependent Society in Islam, 2nd Edition, Al-Risalah Foundation, AmmanAl-Sadhan, Abdullah bin Nasser (2001); Children without families, Obeikan Library, Riyadh.9. Al-Sulami, Musleh Salih (1415 AH), raising orphans in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, an evaluation study, an unpublished master's thesis, Department of Islamic Education, College of Education, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al-Mukarramah.10. Al-Suwairi, Ali Abdullah; (2009 AD); “Psychological and Social Problems among Orphans in the Charitable Society of Makkah Al-Mukarramah”, Master Thesis, College of Education, Department of Psychology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al-Mukarramah.11. Amer, Adel (2004 AD); Orphan children have no legal and legal protection, a study published (in :) The House of Legal, Islamic and Human Sciences Forum, http://adel-amer.catsh.12. Al-Anani, Hanan Abdel-Hamid (2005): Development of Social, Religious and Ethical Concepts in Early Childhood, Jordan: House of Fikr.13. Al-Matrafi, Fawzia Muhammad Abdel Mohsen; (2001): “Study of the relationship between the nutritional status and meals provided to children of orphanages in Makkah Al-Mukarramah region for school-age children (12-6 years old)”, PhD Thesis, College of Education for Home Economics, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Makkah Al-Mukarramah.14. Al-Nuwaiser, Khalid bin Abdulaziz, (2011): The role of national systems in protecting and caring for orphans' rights, The First Saudi Conference for Orphan Care.15. Browne, K. (2009). The Risk of Harm to Young Children in Institutional Care. Typeset by Grasshopper Design Company. Printed by Stephen Austin & Sons Ltd.16. Carter R. (2005). Family Matters: A study of institutional childcare in Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. London:Everychild.
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Sa’idah, Ratna. "Pola Asuh Anak Yatim Di Panti Asuhan Muhammadiyah Putri Pare." Realita : Jurnal Penelitian dan Kebudayaan Islam 13, no. 2 (May 21, 2022): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.30762/realita.v13i2.63.
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Family is a smallest social unit. The change number of the family member will influence the atmosphere of the family relationship which influence feeling, thought, and attitude of the members. The father’s dead which makes children become orphan is a fact of life. It always makes family atmosphere become sad, and it causes bad situation for the children in which they lose love and good leader. Therefore, it is important to develop their potentials which will give benefits for their life and their family. Developing orphans’ positive potentials can be done at home or in orphanage. This article aims at investigating orphans parenting in Muhammadiyah girl orphanage in Pare. The result shows that the orphans parenting in Muhammadiyah girl orphanage in Pare can be seen from the parenthood which has good attitude and character. She has motherly attitude, patient, discipline, and perceptive with the orphans’ condition. The learning activity in the orphanage is 24 hours. The orphans learn religious knowledge, foreign language, and entrepreneurship. The parenting model used are that the parenthood educate the orphans as like her own children, and the relationship between the old and the young orphans is like own brother-sister. The supporting factors of the parenting in this orphanage are honest intention, community support, financial source, and facilities. Meanwhile, the problems faced are juvenile delinquency and insufficient facilities.
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István, H. Németh. "The defender of orphans." PONTES 6, no. 1 (December 19, 2023): 9–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/pontes.2023.06.01.01.
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In the middle of the 17th century a transformation of states can be observed. The strives of early absolutist states were aimed at the increase of their economic and, in turn, their military potential. These goals were served by social policy measures aimed at increasing economic effi ciency and increasing state revenues. The development of central administration and regulations for orphan aff airs also served to maintain labour force and economic potential. The preservation of orphans’ property was intended to keep the economy going, and in the case of destitutes, orphanages intended to concentrate the workforce. The measures introduced in the German principalities soon appeared in the provinces of the Habsburg Monarchy. In the first quarter of the 17th century, the first theoretical work on orphan aff airs was written, and in the second half of the century it was followed by the first royal decree based on the principles set out in this volume. The aim of these provisions was to ensure the preservation and the control of the assets of the orphans by state means. Similar provisions to the Monarchy’s provinces were enacted in the Hungarian Kingdom in the last third of the 17th century. The offices introduced in the Austrian provinces, the separate Orphan’s Court (árvaszámvevőszék), the keeping of register on orphans (árvakönyv), and the continuous scrutiny of guardians were introduced in the free royal towns in the first third of the 18th century. All of this went parallel with the administrative reforms ordered in towns. The reform measures introduced regarding orphan affairs were realized at a varying pace one town to another, but by the end of the first third of the 18th century, the orphan regulations developed in the Austrian provinces had become established in all the free royal towns.
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Rivers, Jonathan, John Mason, Eva Silvestre, Stuart Gillespie, Mary Mahy, and Roeland Monasch. "Impact of Orphanhood on Underweight Prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 29, no. 1 (March 2008): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482650802900104.
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Background In Africa, approximately 25 million people live with HIV/AIDS and 12 million children are orphaned. Although evidence indicates that orphans risk losing opportunities for adequate education, health care, and future employment, the immediate effects of orphanhood on child nutritional status remain poorly understood. Objective This paper assesses the nutritional impact of orphanhood, with particular emphasis on taking account of various factors potentially confounding or masking these impacts. Methods Child anthropometry and orphan status were examined in 23 Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and Demographic and Health Surveys throughout sub-Saharan Africa, which were subsequently merged into larger, region-specific datasets (East, West, and Southern Africa). To compare orphans and nonorphans, linear regression and probit models were developed, taking account of orphan status and type, presence of a surviving parent in the household, household structure, child age and sex, urban versus rural residence, and current wealth status. Results Few differences emerged between orphans and nonorphans in controlled and uncontrolled comparisons, regardless of orphan type, presence of surviving parent, or household structure. Age differentials did confound nutritional comparisons, although in the counterintuitive direction, with orphans (who were 8 months older on average) becoming less malnourished when age differences were taken into account. Wealth did appear to be associated with orphanhood status, although it did not significantly confound nutritional comparisons. Conclusions Orphans were not consistently more malnourished than nonorphans, even when potential confounding variables were examined. Since household wealth status is likely to change after becoming affected by HIV, ruling out wealth as a potential confounder would require more detailed, prospective studies.
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Syahrin, M. Alvi, and Happy Herlambang. "SERVICE OF THE CLASS II TPI CIREBON IMMIGRATION OFFICE THROUGH PARTICULAR ACTIVITIES TO YATIM PIATU CHILDREN IN THE CIREBON CITY ENVIRONMENT." Jurnal Abdimas Imigrasi 1, no. 2 (October 24, 2020): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52617/jaim.v1i2.133.
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Orphans are a social phenomenon that is always present in society both developed and developing countries. In every region there are always orphans who need education, livelihood and others, ironically they still lack systematic and integrated assistance from the government or the environment. Orphan / orphan word means a child who loses or is left dead by his father before he goes on (Lisanul 'Arab, 12/645, al-Mu'jam al-Wasith, 2/1063) The condition of orphans causes the loss of their hopes to live their lives, especially for disadvantaged orphans. An orphan is a child whose father has died. Accommodating and caring for orphans who come from families unable to aim to help orphans in order to complete their formal education in accordance with their education. Children must get serious attention, lest they are displaced due to family economic limitations, they must be helped to rise from adversity by embracing and introducing them to education, so that we have sufficient future leaders.
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Perveen, Abida, Sadia Iqbal, and Arif Nadeem. "PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION ANXIETY AND STRESS AMONG ORPHAN YOUNG ADULTS LIVING IN BAHAWALPUR: GENDER AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS ARE IN FOCUS." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 04, no. 04 (December 31, 2022): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v4i04.800.
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Current research was carried out to investigate the level of depression, anxiety and stress among orphan young adults living in Bahawalpur City. The core aim of the research was to compare these variables among orphans in connection with their socio-economic status and gender. To collect the responses from the orphans DASS-21 scales was administered on (N=200) orphans via purposive sampling. This was a quantitative research with cross-sectional research design. The results from the collected data depicted a significant high level of psychological distress among the orphans belonging from middle class socio-economic status. This also depicted that the level of stress and depressiveness were higher in male orphans instead of female orphans. Furthermore, on the basis of the results it concludes that parental loss is a worse stressful life event to which no one can cope. It is long lasting mental stressor. Hence, the orphan needs social support from others. The results of this study are a message for authorities, psychologists and educationists to provide social help or support program to heal the stress, anxiety and depression of the orphans. Keywords: Stress, Depression, Anxiety, Orphan etc.
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Mahmuda, Mardan. "ANAK YATIM SEBAGAI OBJEK DAKWAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN." Al-Hikmah: Jurnal Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi 1, no. 2 (April 16, 2019): 85–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/al-hikmah.v1i2.111.
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Although there is an “yatim” term, “piatu” and “yatim piatu” term that developed in the midst of Indonesian society, still such understanding needs to be reviewed again. Because, in the literature of classical jurisprudence (fiqh klasik) and also in the Qur'an known term orphans (yatim) only. This scientific article is prepared using the literature study method. In order to know the Qur'anic view of orphan as the object of da'wah, the writer first searches the word orphan in Al-Qur'an by using Mu'jam Al-Qur'an by Muhammad Fuad 'Abd al-Baqiy. After that, the author describes in detail the orphan textually, then understands the context of the verses based on “asbab al-nuzul” and the “mufassir” opinion. Furthermore, the authors classify and conclude some matters relating to orphans as the object of da'wah contained in the Qur'an. Based on this, the author managed to reveal four things related to orphans namely; a) verses about orphans, b) classification of orphans as the object of da'wah perspectives of the Qur'an, c) social reality of orphans in the past in the Qur'an, d) da'wah approach to orphans perspective Al-Qur'an. Furthermore, this article is expected to be a contribution for da'wah practitioners, empowerment agencies, mosques officials and mushalla officials, religious institutions and other social institutions to maximize orphans maximally and sustainably.
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Putri Sinlae, Ester Stevany, Illa Fatika Syahda, Rizki Dwi Putra, Tazkia Suhaila Syifa, Muhammad Fauzi, and Mahipal Mahipal. "PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM: PENGELOLAAN HARTA DAN SANTUNAN." Jurnal Al-Kharaj: Studi Ekonomi Syariah, Muamalah, dan Hukum Ekonomi 4, no. 1 (June 28, 2024): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.30863/alkharaj.v4i1.6572.
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Abstract Life is something noble and very precious. Humans are social creatures who cannot live without the help of others. In addition, humans also have a higher level than other creatures. Islam recommends giving charity to orphans, especially if they are poor. In addition to orphans who are poor, we must also pay attention to orphans whose parents leave them an inheritance. Orphans need a guardian who is able to care for and protect them. The guardian's duty is to look after the orphan, feed him, and provide for his needs if he has no property, and look after him if he has property. The guardian can manage the orphan's property by keeping it as a trust or managing it himself. Orphaned property is something useful and valuable that is owned by a child who does not have a parent (father). The status of orphaned property is not much different from the status of property in general in Islam, which is very important in life, especially for orphans themselves. In addition to managing and maintaining, guardians are also obliged to educate orphans until they are mature and able to maintain their own property. Once they (orphans) are adults then the guardian is obliged to hand over their property and preferably in the presence of witnesses. Orphanages are social institutions that have a mission to protect and foster orphans, orphans, abandoned people, and the poor for the welfare of their foster children. This is because children are the main foundation that determines the future life of a nation, therefore it is necessary to prepare the next generation of the nation by preparing children to grow and develop optimally both morally, physically / motorically, cognitively, linguistically and socially emotionally. In the mechanism of sharing profits and the risk of loss is borne together according to the mudharabah contract, namely the profits and losses are borne together according to the agreement agreed upon at the beginning of the contract. Managing orphan assets according to Islamic law is not prohibited by religion, as long as it is done with good intentions and goals, not to harm or destroy. Abstrak Kehidupan adalah sesuatu yang mulia dan sangat berharga. Manusia merupakan makhluk sosial yang tidak dapat hidup tanpa bantuan orang lain. Selain itu, manusia juga mempunyai tingkatan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan makhluk lainnya. Islam menganjurkan bersedekah kepada anak yatim, terutama jika mereka miskin. Selain anak yatim piatu yang tidak mampu, kita juga harus memperhatikan anak yatim piatu yang orang tuanya mewariskan warisan. Anak yatim memerlukan wali yang mampu merawat dan melindunginya. Kewajiban wali adalah memelihara, memberinya makan, memenuhi kebutuhannya jika anak tersebut tidak mempunyai harta benda, dan menjaga serta merawatnya jika anak tersebut mempunyai harta benda. Wali dapat mengelola harta anak yatim dengan cara menyimpannya sebagai titipan atau mengelolanya sendiri. Harta yatim adalah sesuatu yang berguna dan berharga yang dimiliki oleh anak yang tidak mempunyai orang tua (ayah). Status harta anak yatim tidak jauh berbeda dengan status harta pada umumnya dalam Islam, yaitu sangat penting dalam kehidupan khususnya bagi anak yatim itu sendiri. Selain mengelola dan memelihara, wali juga wajib mendidik anak yatim hingga dewasa dan mampu memelihara harta bendanya sendiri. Setelah mereka (anak yatim) dewasa maka wali wajib menyerahkan harta mereka dan sebaiknya di hadapan saksi. Panti Asuhan adalah lembaga sosial yang mempunyai misi melindungi dan membina anak yatim, anak yatim piatu, orang terlantar, dan kaum dhuafa demi kesejahteraan anak asuhnya. Hal ini dikarenakan anak merupakan landasan utama yang menentukan masa depan kehidupan suatu bangsa, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penyiapan generasi penerus bangsa dengan mempersiapkan anak untuk tumbuh dan berkembang secara optimal baik secara moral, fisik/motorik, kognitif, bahasa dan sosial emosional. Dalam mekanisme pembagian keuntungan dan resiko kerugian ditanggung bersama menurut akad mudharabah, yaitu keuntungan dan kerugian ditanggung bersama menurut kesepakatan yang telah disepakati pada awal akad. Mengelola harta anak yatim menurut hukum Islam tidak dilarang oleh agama, sepanjang dilakukan dengan niat dan tujuan yang baik, tidak merugikan atau membinasakan.
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Fatima, Arooj, Areeba Iqbal, Umar Hayat, Sahar Javed, Khinat Khan, and Kashaf Zahra. "Comparison of Meaning in Life and Self-control between Orphans and Non-orphans." Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE) 12, no. 3 (February 4, 2024): 811–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.61506/01.00131.
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Pakistan has a population of 200 million including 65.3 million children under the age of 14 years. Over 4.6 million children are orphans. The study was designed to investigate the comparison of meaning in life and self-control between orphan and non-orphan. Correlational research design was used. Survey was conducted as a method of data collection by using purpose sampling technique to select sample of study 240 orphans and non-orphans (n=121, n=119). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire (Steger et al., 2006) and The Self-Restraint subscale from the Adolescents’ Self-Consciousness Scale (Nie et al., 2014) was utilized to measure participants’ self-control ability. The collected data were analyzed on SPSS. Results indicate that there is positive relationship between meaning in life and self-control ability among orphans and non-orphans. Moreover, the findings of the study reveal that meaning in life is a significant positive predictor of self-control. In addition, the level of meaning in life and self-control significantly greater in non-orphans as compared to orphans. It is recommended that counseling should be provided to orphans to enhance the level of self-control ability and maiming in life.
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Yousuf, Sundus, and Bushra Khan. "Challenges Faced By Women Orphans’ Caregivers: A Qualitative Study." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 15, no. 1 (September 8, 2017): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v15i1.136.
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Wellbeing of an orphan caregiver affects the child-rearing practice, which in turn could affect the growth and development of the orphaned child. Challenges faced by women orphan caregivers make caring a more extraneous task. A qualitative study was designed, to investigate the challenges faced by women orphan caregivers. Data was collected from SOS children village, an internationally recognized orphanage located in Karachi, Pakistan. An open ended interview was conducted with 17 women orphan caregivers employed at the organization through interview schedule. Various themes were identified. Two major themes indicating challenges were identified; professional or organizational level and personal level that were further divided in sub themes and analyzed. Results indicated that caregivers themselves were abandoned and suffered from psychological disturbances and lacked in awareness of effective coping skills. Orphan caregivers faced distress due to inability to effectively handle hectic routine at the orphanage, low salary, and lack of knowledge and skill to address diverse needs of all children. Overall, caring for orphans is a challenging job and it is recommended that orphan caregivers are provided with professional support to cope with psychological issues; and training on caregiving knowledge and skills to effectively handle children with diverse needs. This could eventually help in improving wellbeing of the caregivers and enhancing overall development of the orphans.
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Dahl, Bianca. "“Too Fat to Be an Orphan”: The Moral Semiotics of Food Aid in Botswana." Cultural Anthropology 29, no. 4 (November 10, 2014): 626–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14506/ca29.4.03.
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The iconography of the African AIDS orphan, captured in National Geographic–style images of half-starved toddlers with distended bellies, inspires humanitarian aid for the continent. In Botswana, stereotypes underlying both foreign-funded and governmental programs for orphaned children—which imply that orphans are underfed and underloved—initially resonated with Tswana people’s anxieties that neglect by overburdened kin results in parentless children going hungry. However, during the past decade international feeding projects began to evolve into elaborate day-care complexes in which village orphans gained exclusive access to swimming pools, DVDs, trendy clothing, and daily meat rations. This article traces the shifting moral semiotics of orphans’ fat and skinny bodies, explaining why new discourses protesting the overfattening of orphans arose in a southeastern village. Metaphors of fat and feeding have become a scale on which the excesses of humanitarian aid and the perceived shortcomings of local kinship practices are weighed. A new kind of “politics of the belly” calls into question relations of patronage around metaphors of fleshiness and dependence on foreign support. In the process, contestations over children’s skinny and fat bodies lead to reconfigurations of the idea of orphanhood.
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Avakyan, T. V., S. V. Volikova, and M. G. Sorokova. "The Influence of the Social Situation of Development on the Social Cognition in the Children-Orphans." Клиническая и специальная психология 8, no. 1 (2019): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2019080102.
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The influence of a specific social development situation on the operational and motivational components of social cognition in orphan adolescents investigated. The theoretical basis of the study was the provisions of the "social situation of development" L.S. Vygotsky, theories of attachment by J. Bowlby, the multifactor model of social cognition A.B. Kholmogorova, O.V. Rychkova. 68 orphans aged from 10 to 17 years old living in the orphanage examined. It shown that orphaned teenagers with an insecure type of attachment have more difficulty in understanding their own feelings, regardless of the length of their stay in the institution. Orphans living in institutions for more than 5 years have a higher level of social anxiety and distress during social interaction.
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Odintsova, M. A., V. N. Oslon, and M. P. Ogol. "Self-Activation as a Basis for Personal and Professional Competence Development of Specialists Working With Orphan Adolescents." Psychology and Law 9, no. 4 (2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2019090401.
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Рresents results of the self-activation the specialists’ (N=26) and secondary schools teachers (N=26), as well as orphans (N=50) and adolescents from families (N=50). The study was conducted during 2017 — 2018 years after the Resolution of the Russian Federation Government N 481 output about the orphan organizations activities, aimed at family life of children and the creation close to family conditions for orphans who are not transferred to the family for different reasons. It demanded of specialists engaged in orphans parenting to acquire such professional competencies that would contribute to the preparation for successful integration into society orphan graduates. These include the ability to self-activation. It’s demonstrated that parenting orphan adolescents specialists have less self-activating characteristics in comparison with secondary schools teachers. These differences are also typical for orphans with whom they work, in comparison with adolescents from families.
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Dube, Misheck. "Women’s Burden of Caring for Orphans: The bio-psychosocial and economic challenges for caregivers in a rural community in South Africa." Technium Social Sciences Journal 26 (December 9, 2021): 790–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v26i1.5304.
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The practical activity of orphan-care in Social Work has received unquestionable and resounding globally attention. However, the skewed care of orphans towards women and its associated bio-psychosocial and economic challenges in the rural communities deserves special investigation and analysis. This article discusses women’s burden of orphan-care and associated bio-psychosocial and economic challenges experienced by carers in Alice in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. Using a qualitative research approach and voluntary purposive sampling to ensure that carers of orphans were engaged in the study, individual face-to-face interviews were conducted to engage twenty caregivers. Data were analysed thematically and backed by existing literature. The findings showed that women caregivers of orphans experienced a plethora of bio-psychosocial and economic issues when caring for orphans in the rural communities. The article makes relevant recommendations for the profession of Social Work and stakeholders of orphan-care.
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Mohammed, Fozi, Ibsa Musa, Sagni Girma Fage, Abera Kenay Tura, and Fitsum Weldegebreal. "Undernutrition among Institutionalized School-age Orphans in Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study." Nutrition and Metabolic Insights 14 (January 2021): 117863882110064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786388211006445.
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Background: Although orphans are at increased risk of undernutrition, studies assessing prevalence of undernutrition are limited to orphans residing with their relatives or on street. This study was conducted to assess magnitude of undernutrition and its associated factors among institutionalized school-age orphans in Harari Regional State, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among all school-age (6-12 years) orphans living in all orphan centers in Harari Regional State, eastern Ethiopia. Data were collected by using a structured pretested questionnaire supplemented with anthropometric measurements. Data were entered using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS 22. Logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with undernutrition. Statistical significance was declared at P-value <.05. Results: A total of 265 orphans residing in all orphan centers in the region were included. The prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight were 15.8% (95% CI: 11.9, 20.7), 10.9% (95% CI: 7.7, 15.3), and 8.7% (95% CI: 4.3, 10.5), respectively. Staying in orphan center for 6 to 10 years (AOR = 6.2; 95% CI: 2.6, 15.10), having recent illness (AOR = 3.9; 95% CI: 1.4, 10.4), and being aged 10 to 12 years (AOR = 11.2; 95% CI: 3.5, 35.4) were significantly associated with stunting whereas having recent illness (AOR = 4.3; 95% CI: 1.4, 7.3) and being aged 6 to 7 years (AOR: 10.4; 95% CI: 3.2, 33.6) were significantly associated with wasting. Underweight was more likely (AOR: 8.9; 95% CI: 2.7, 29.5) among children with recent illness. Conclusions: Almost 1 in 6, 1 in 9, and 1 in 11 institutionalized school-age orphans in Harari Regional State were stunted, wasted, and underweight respectively. Younger children and those with recent illness were more likely to be undernourished. Underlying reasons for undernutrition among orphans being cared in orphan centers should be further explored.
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Alvi, Sajid Mahmood, Ayla Khan, Mazhar Iqbal Bhatti, and Kainat Younis. "EFFECT OF ANGER EXPRESSION ON MENTAL WELLBEING AND EMOTIONAL EXPRESSIVITY OF ORPHANS AND NON-ORPHANS." Pakistan Journal of Physiology 18, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.69656/pjp.v18i2.1425.
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Background: Orphan-hood is a stage that includes numerous mental and emotional problems. Lack of control on emotions puts orphans at risk of uneasiness. The aim of this study was to see the relationship between anger expressions on mental wellbeing and emotional expressions of orphans and non-orphans. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted from April to June 2021. Data were collected from the orphan and non-orphan adolescent students aged 13–19 years, studying in different institutes of Haripur, Pakistan. After informed consent, State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), Short Warwick Edinburg Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS), and Emotional expressivity questionnaires were self-administered by authors and analysed on SPSS-20. Result: Sample size was 200 orphan and non-orphan adolescent students, with equal proportion of males and females. Anger expression was positively linked with emotional expressivity (r=0.29, p<0.001), and anger expression was negatively linked with mental wellbeing (r= -0.45, p<0.001). Orphan students scored high on anger expression (27.62±5.4) and emotional expressivity (55.28±5.79) as compare to non-orphans (23.59±5.79 and 53.31±5.99 respectively). Conclusion: Anger expression is positively linked with emotional expressivity and negatively linked with mental wellbeing. Girls are shyer to express their feelings compared to boys. Boys are more engaged in verbal and physical aggression than girls. Orphan boys show more aggression because they face a lot of adjustment and many other difficulties in institutions. Pak J Physiol 2022;18(2):62–5
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Golden, Julia. "Institutional and Individual Orphaned Collections." Paleontological Society Special Publications 10 (2000): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200008947.
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“ORPHAN” IS AN incongruous word to apply to something dead for millions of years. But there is no better term to describe the state of an invertebrate paleontology collection whose guardian can no longer care for it. The numbers of specimens in invertebrate fossil collections do not set them apart from other natural history collections; however, add weight and volume, and it is obvious why adopting these orphans pose special problems. The workshop coordinators divided the discussion of orphaned collections into those held by industry and governmental agencies (see Allmon, Chapter 4, this volume) and those housed by institutions and individuals addressed here. Topics discussed at this session of the workshop included: the definitions of orphaned and endangered collections, why collections become orphans, which collections are most vulnerable, and what, if anything, can be done to prevent orphaned collections in the future. I have attempted to present an objective report of the discussions and proposed suggestions, but my bias as curator of a collection housed within an academic department may have crept in.
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Lee, Mark, and Elizabeth Heger Boyle. "Disciplinary practices among orphaned children in Sub-Saharan Africa." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): e0246578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246578.
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Objectives This study considers whether orphans’ experiences with physically and psychologically violent discipline differ from non-orphans in sub-Saharan Africa, and to what extent national, community, household, caretaker, and child characteristics explain those differences. Methods We use cross-sectional Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) administered between 2010–2017 in 14 sub-Saharan African countries. The sample included 125,197 children, of which 2,937 were maternal orphans, 9,113 were paternal orphans, and 1,858 were double orphans. We estimate the difference between orphans and non-orphans experience of harsh discipline using multivariable logistic regressions with country fixed effects and clustered standard errors. Results Findings show that orphaned children experience less harsh discipline in the home. With the exception of double orphans’ experience with physically violent discipline, these differences persisted even after controlling for a rich set of child, household, and caretaker characteristics. Conclusions We propose two alternative explanations for our surprising findings and provide a supplementary analysis to help arbitrate between them. The evidence suggests that orphaned children (especially those with a deceased mother) are less likely to experience harsh discipline because of lower caretaker investment in their upbringing. We encourage future research to draw on in-depth interviews or household surveys with discipline data from multiple children in a home to further unpack why orphans tend to experience less harsh punishment than other children.
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Jaffer, Usman, Che Mohd Nasril Che Mohd Nassir, Mohamed Ayaaz Ahmed, Rahmah Ahmad H. Osman, Muhammad Hafiz Khuzaifiz Ilias, Muhammad A’limu Al-Ssalam Mohd Yusoff, Izzati Fathini Khuzairi, Aliana Aishah Jaafar, Nur Athilah Iwani Abdul Manan, and Siti Aisyah Najwa Zakaria. "RESILIENCE AND WELL-BEING AMONG ORPHANS IN MALAYSIA: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL PERSPECTIVE." International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling 8, no. 52 (December 31, 2023): 854–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.852064.
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This study investigates the well-being of orphans in Malaysia, focusing on their social, religious, and psychological dimensions. Drawing upon existing literature, the research explores the unique challenges faced by orphans, emphasising the need for resilience in the face of adversity. The study employs quantitative methods, using structured questionnaires to assess the well-being of eight female orphans aged 7 to 9 years and a 24-year-old caregiver at PJHKS, an orphanage in Kuantan, Pahang. The questionnaires cover aspects of demographic, social, religious, and psychological well-being. Statistical analysis reveals robust social well-being among the orphans, with an average score of 73%, and a strong adherence to religious practices. However, their psychological well-being reports a moderate average of 64%, indicating emotional and mental challenges. The study finds that the orphans exhibit positive social skills and attitudes, and their religious well-being is significantly shaped by the caregivers' dedication to Islamic teachings. However, psychological challenges persist, necessitating further support and intervention. The research emphasises the crucial role of comprehensive care in enhancing the overall well-being of orphans and calls for more targeted efforts to address their diverse needs. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of orphan well-being in Malaysia and offer insights for policy and practice in orphan care.
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Nesterov, A. Y. "SOCIAL AND LEGAL PREVENTION OF CRIMES AND OFFENSES OF ORPHANS IN BOARDING SCHOOLS: ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KEMEROVO REGION." BULLETIN 389, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 260–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1467.35.
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The article is devoted to one of the urgent problems, such as social and legal prevention of delinquency of orphans in boarding schools in the Kemerovo region. To date, the problem of legal impact on a child is primarily due to the fact that it achieves the ultimate goal of all legal regulation - the implementation of legal prescriptions in the life of every teenage orphan who is in a boarding school. Today in Russia the historical and socio-demographic situation has developed in such a way that the reform of Russian society has been accompanied and accompanied by a fairly widespread criminalization of various spheres of public life. Involvement in illegal activities of large and small social groups also affected minors-orphans who are in boarding schools of the Kemerovo region, as the most sensitive stratum of Russian society, involvement in illegal activities of large social groups, also affected minors - orphans as the most sensitive part of the population in relation to transformational changes taking place in modern society. Today, prophylactic work is being actively carried out with orphaned children in boarding schools in the Kemerovo Region - this is a complex, multidimensional, long-term process. The specific task of the boarding school for orphans in the field of crime prevention is to carry out early prevention, that is, to create conditions that ensure the possibility of normal development for the students of orphans. The presented material in the publication does not contain information related to the state secret of the Russian Federation.
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Asif, Rashna, Tahira Gilani, Mateen Iqbal, and Muhammad Imran. "Breaking the Silence: A Quantitative Analysis of Challenges among Orphaned Children in Sargodha District Orphanages." Journal of Education and Social Studies 5, no. 1 (March 31, 2024): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.52223/jess.2024.5116.
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Orphans represent a significant population worldwide, and orphan homes are responsible for providing support for holistic development in the lives of children. The purpose of the study was to investigate the psychological, social, and educational challenges faced by orphan children in orphan homes. The theoretical framework of the current study was based on the Attachment Theory by Bowlby, which states how early caregiver relationships influence the psychological, social, and educational development of orphan children in orphan homes. All of the orphan children in SOS Children Village district Sargodha made up the population of the current study. A sample of 206 orphan children was selected randomly from SOS Children Village district Sargodha. Reliable data were gathered using a quantitative survey study design, and the instrument's reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's Alpha, which was found to be 0.89. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviations, frequency percentages, and inferential statistics, for instance, the t-test. The results showed that gender was found to be significant regarding psychological, social, and educational challenges. In addition, female orphan children have a greater mean score as compared to males concerning psychological and social challenges. While, concerning educational challenges male orphans have a greater mean score as compared to female orphan children. However, to overcome these challenges it is suggested that it is essential to create efficient programs that can recognize and tackle the emotional, social, and academic difficulties orphaned children confront.
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Sethi, Mifrah Rauf, and Madiha Asghar. "Study of Self-Esteem of Orphans and Non- Orphans." Peshawar Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences (PJPBS) 1, no. 2 (January 12, 2016): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32879/pjpbs.2015.1.2.163-182.
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The aim of the study was to explore the relationship and difference between Self-esteem, social, physical and self- competence and academic self-concept among Orphans and Non-orphans. The total sample consisted of three hundred and twenty five (N=325) children, comprising of one hundred and fifty (n=150) orphans and one hundred and seventy five (n=175) non-orphans. The children are divided into four (4) groups namely: institutionalized orphans are hundred (n=100), institutionalized non-orphans are ninety (n=90), non- institutionalized orphans are fifty (n=50) and non- institutionalized non-orphans are eighty-five (n=85). Boys and girls were taken from different schools and orphanages of Peshawar with the age range of 13 to 16 years. Tools used in the study included self-esteem and a demographic questionnaire. Non-probability sampling technique is used and data is analyzed by using t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), inter scale correlation, logistic regression, and chi-square test to explore the difference and relationship between these variables. The findings of inter-scale correlation reveal a significant relationship between self-esteem, social, physical and self- competence and academic self-concept among orphans and non- orphans. Analysis indicated that orphan children have higher level of self-esteem as compared to non-orphans. The research concludes that non-orphans hold better social and physical competence than orphans and the research suggest that more work needs to be done on orphans to better understand the problems.
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Aqeel, Muhammad, Rafia Komal, and Tanvir Akhtar. "Emotional empathy mediates the relationship between personality traits and coping strategies in orphan and non-orphan students." International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 12, no. 2 (May 7, 2019): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhrh-02-2018-0015.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to inspect the potential mediation pathways among emotional empathy, personality traits and coping strategies in orphan and non-orphan students. Additionally, it designed to investigate the association of coping strategies with emotional empathy and personality traits. Design/methodology/approach Purposive sampling technique and cross-sectional design were employed in current study. The data of 130 adolescents (institutionalized orphans, n= 62; school students, n=68) were included from different high schools and orphanages of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, in 2017. Three instruments, emotional empathy scale (Mehrabian and Epstein, 1972; Shazia, 2004), coping of problem experience (Carver, 1989; Akhtar, 2005), and Eysenck personality questionnaire (Naqvi and Kamal, 2010; Eysenck, 1964; Eysenck and Eysenck, 1994), were employed to measure personality traits, emotional empathy and coping strategies in orphan and non-orphan students. Findings Mediation analyses illustrated that personality traits relegated active avoidance coping strategy through emotional empathy in orphan students. On contrary, the study findings demonstrated that neurotic personality promoted positive coping strategy through emotional empathy in non-orphan students. Research limitations/implications The methodological limitations of this study are that the sample is of 130 participants that limits the generalizability of its results; furthermore, it was done on only the male orphans students of only one institute. Further research can be done on different orphanages to enhance the generalizability of results. This study included orphan and non-orphan students from the two cities of Pakistan; consequently, its findings may not be generalizable to the whole population. In the future, cross-sectional and experimental researches working with more assorted data could help elucidate the mechanisms by which interpersonal factors affect and stimulate coping strategies in orphans and high school students. Practical implications This paper exposes a number of ways for upcoming future studies. This study findings can be employed to enhance knowledge and offer assistance for orphans, on how to identify and get help from coping resources to tackle various problems and how to build new psychological preventions and interventions strategies in the Pakistani society. There still exists a need to find out the effect of emotion, empathy on personality types in relation to different environmental conditions. The findings have implications for pedagogical intervention as such improvements can be initiated in the pedagogical context. Social implications This study comprised only orphan and non-orphan students from two twin cities of Pakistan; consequently, its findings may not be applicable to the whole population. In future, cross-sectional and experimental researches with more assorted data will assist clarify the mechanism that interpersonal factors affect and stimulate coping strategies in high school students. Originality/value Study findings proposed that coping strategies can be promoted by interpersonal factors such as personality traits and empathy to tackle different orphan’s psychological problem in various negative situation.
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Afuan, Lasmedi, Swahesti Puspita Rahayu, Bekti Afif Ginanjar, Nurul Hidayat, and Ipung Permadi. "Information System for Orphan Data Management in Karangsari Village, Kalimanah District, Purbalingga Regency." E3S Web of Conferences 448 (2023): 02027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202344802027.
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An orphan is a term used to refer to someone who has been left by their parents while still underage. Providing support for orphans is a commendable activity. Supporting orphans has many virtues, as stated in the following Hadith: Narrated by Abu Ya'la and Thobrani, Shahih At Targhib Al Albani: "Whoever includes an orphan among two Muslim parents in their meals and drinks, providing for their needs, will surely enter Paradise.". The first step in supporting orphans is to find them. Searching for orphan data is difficult to accomplish if we rely solely on manual data collection. Sometimes the obtained data does not match the desired requirements. To help facilitate this step, an information system for managing orphan data is created. The aim is to simplify the management of orphan data and assist the community in searching for orphan data. The development of this orphan data management information system utilizes the waterfall method, which includes the stages of analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance using the Laravel framework. The result of this research is a web-based information system for managing orphan data, with a case study in Karangsari Village, Kalimanah, Purbalingga Regency.
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Kamau, Stanley Githaiga, Rita Akatusasira, Angella Namatovu, Emmanuel Kibet, Joseph Mayanja Ssekitto, Mohammed A. Mamun, and Mark Mohan Kaggwa. "The level of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among orphan children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS: A systematic review and meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 19, no. 2 (February 21, 2024): e0295227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295227.
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Background Many children and adolescents living with HIV have ended up as orphans. Due to HIV taking away their parents leaves them deprived of their most important social network and support, which predisposes them to poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Various studies have shown poor adherence to ART among orphaned children and adolescents. This systematic review and meta-analysis, therefore, aims to determine the level of ART adherence among orphaned children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS. Methods This PROSPERO registered review (CRD42022352867) included studies from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Africa Journal Online, and selected HIV/AIDS journals from data inception to June 01, 2022. We included articles published in all languages that report the prevalence of adherence to ART among children and adolescent orphans (single parent orphans and/or double orphans) living with HIV/AIDS. We excluded qualitative studies, case studies, opinion papers, and letters to editors. We used the random-effect model to calculate the pooled prevalence of ART adherence based on the highest prevalence provided by the various methods in a particular study. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute Appraisal tool for the prevalence study to evaluate for risk of bias in the included studies. The Egger’s test was used to assess small study effects. Results Out of 1087 publications identified from the various databases, six met the selection criteria. The included six studies had a total 2013 orphans living with HIV/AIDS. The pooled prevalence of ART adherence was 78∙0% (95% Confidence Interval: 67.4–87.7; I2 = 82.92%, p<0∙001) and ranged between 7∙6% and >95%, using one of the following methods: pill count, caregiver’s self-report, clinical attendance, and nevirapine plasma levels (above three μg/mL). The factors associated with adherence were pill burden, caregiver involvement, stunting, and caregiver relationship. Limitation There was a high level of heterogeneity in the finding. Conclusion Approximately four fifth of orphan children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS adhere to ART. Strategies to improve adherence among this group should be prioritized, especially among the double orphaned children and adolescents.
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Ishola, Anthony, and Kabwebwe Honore Mitonga. "School dropout among orphans in Oshana region - Namibia." International Journal of Health 5, no. 1 (December 7, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijh.v5i1.6893.
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This research seeks to investigate why some orphaned children drop out of school in Oshana region, Namibia, despite concerted efforts by the Government Republic of Namibia and other stake holders to keep them at school.The study aimed to identify the indicators preceding AIDS orphaned children dropping out of schools in the Oshana region-Namibia. A cross-sectional study, which adopted both quantitative and qualitative approaches, was used to gain a complete picture of the situation of orphans and school dropouts from the perspective of school teachers, learners, and orphans who have already dropped out of school. It was found that many orphans still face many challenges and to some, continuing with schooling is a luxury that is ill afforded. The total percentages of learners that dropped out of school are: 52.9% orphans in grades 7 and 8 in 2009 while 41.7% dropped out in 2010. Poor awareness of Government support initiatives, poor psychosocial support, leaving school to grieve the death of a parent and working to earn income, ranked amongst the highest reasons some orphans dropped out of school. Provision of material resources in addition to human torch as demonstrated by majority of life skill teachers towards the well-being of AIDS orphans have greatly ameliorated the self-worth and schooling of orphans.
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Islam, Mohammad Shamsal, Fazle Siddique M. Yahya, M. Mahfuz Ashraf, and Mohammad Iqbal Hossain. "Hygiene behaviors and nutritional status of children living in orphanages in Bangladesh." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 10, no. 6 (May 31, 2023): 2010–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20231675.
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Background: Malnutrition is considered a complicated public health issue and depends on multiple factors. Hygienic behavior is related to orphan children’s growth, nutritional outcomes, and sound health. The study’s aim was to assess the hygiene behaviors and nutritional status of orphan students in Bangladesh. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted in three orphanage centers. A total of 120 respondents were interviewed. A descriptive analysis of the collected data was performed. Results: The monthly mean and median expenditure of orphans was 2000±475 BDT (20$). The number of toilets and waiting time for the orphan to use them are closely associated (χ2= 33.38; Cramer’s V=0.44, df=13; Sig; p<0.001). On average, an orphan waits 32.20 minutes to use the toilet facility when they need it. Orphan family income and disposal of waste in the toilet of the orphan center are strongly associated (χ2=99.19; Cramer’s V=0.49, df=39; Sig; p<0.001). There was a significant association between attending toilet-related hygiene and types of diseases. Hair fall, muscle wasting, fever, and xerosis of the skin were common diseases among orphans. Types of diseases orphans and schedule for the dietary chart are strongly associated (χ2=23.35; Cramer’s V=0.37, df=24; Sig; p<0.001). Conclusions: Integrated approach is required to counter the extent of malnutrition among orphans. Teachers of orphanages should receive proper training so that they are able to take care of the physical and mental health of the orphan children.
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Catrine Christiansen. "Reflections on the Changing Patterns of Care for Orphans." CODESRIA Bulletin, no. 02-03-04 (January 14, 2003): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.57054/cb02-03-0420034016.
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becoming orphans or indirectly by, for example, having to share meagre household resources with orphaned relatives In such circumstances the traditional extended family mechanisms are strained to the utmost, and it is not uncommon for adults to refuse to take care of orphaned relatives. While the extended family system seems to be disintegrating, numerous non-governmental organisations have enhanced their capacity to care for children affected by Aids, especially orphans. Susan Hunter (1990) argued that orphans could be studied as a window onto the Aids epidemic. Likewise the patterns of care for orphans can be understood as a window onto the situation of families and other social networks.Research on patterns of childcare for orphans has produced knowledge on the immediate impacts on orphans’ health (including their psycho-social situation), education, nutrition and vulnerability to HIV. However research on the long-term consequences of the care given to orphans and other vulnerable children, such as how childcare by people not belonging to the extended family influences children’s long-term well-being, competences and sociality, is comparatively absent. Besides the obvious time constraints the literature on changing patterns of childcare is often neither contextualised in the local setting nor in social science. However such in-depth knowledge is crucial. The phenomenon of a large number of children growing up as orphans poses new problems for development at local, regional and national levels. For families, communities, national authorities and aid organisations a central aspect is the network of links between childcare and sociality, particularly the long-term influence of changing patterns of childcare for the organisation of civil society. This paper addresses two central issues that have been neglected in the new field of Aids orphans: c ing concepts of care and the long-term influence of Aids orphans on emerging institutional settings for childcare.
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Zhang, Xingli, Mingxin Liu, Mingjing Zhu, Jiannong Shi, and Li Cheng. "Personality Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Orphaned Survivors of the Sichuan Earthquake." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 38, no. 8 (September 1, 2010): 1057–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2010.38.8.1057.
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The personality predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder in orphan survivors after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China were investigated. Half a year after the earthquake, 196 preearthquake and 116 postearthquake orphans who survived were recruited. All participants completed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire for Children (Gong, 1984) and Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (Smith, Perrin, Dyregrov, & Yule, 2003). The regression analysis showed that the Neuroticism score was the strongest predictor of the severity of PTSD symptoms for both pre- and postearthquake orphans. For the preearthquake orphans, the Extraversion trait predicted Arousal negatively, and the Lie trait predicted Intrusion and Arousal positively. However, for the postearthquake orphans, only the Extraversion trait predicted Avoidance positively.
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Apriani, Helma, and Naimatul Aufa. "REDESAIN ISTANA ANAK YATIM DARUL AZHAR DI TANAH BUMBU." JURNAL TUGAS AKHIR MAHASISWA LANTING 11, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jtamlanting.v11i2.1343.
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Orphans receive special attention in the Al-Quran. The Al-Qurancommands Muslims to protect and nurture orphans. The effort of Muslims to fulfill this obligation is to provide a place to accommodate orphans so that they have the opportunity to live properly, obtain an education, and achieve their goals. In Tanah Bumbu Regency stands the Palace of Orphans under the auspices of the Darul Azhar Foundation. Judging from the National Standards of Parenting, the Palace of Orphans both in quantity and quality has not met the standard of facilities for a child social welfare institution. this condition has not been able to fulfill the vision and mission of the foundation to develop their potential and talents in the fields of art, sports, leadership, and religion. For this reason, a plan to redesign the Orphan Palace was initiated. This redesign was carried out using the infill design method. By initiating the concept of 'mutualism space' which means an old space or space with a new space or space that is mutually beneficial to one another, taking into account the interrelationship of functions and the interrelationship of needs between spaces. The new spaces that are present are analogous to facilities, functions, aesthetics, and other physical designs that are filled into an area that focuses on developing the potential of orphans. This concept and method are expected to be a solution to the problem of redesigning the Orphan Palace.
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Molinari-Jobin, Anja, Fridolin Zimmermann, Stéphanie Borel, Luc Le Grand, Elena Iannino, Ole Anders, Elisa Belotti, et al. "Rehabilitation and release of orphaned Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in Europe: Implications for management and conservation." PLOS ONE 19, no. 3 (March 7, 2024): e0297789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297789.
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Rehabilitation of injured or immature individuals has become an increasingly used conservation and management tool. However, scientific evaluation of rehabilitations is rare, raising concern about post-release welfare as well as the cost-effectiveness of spending scarce financial resources. Over the past 20 years, events of juvenile Eurasian lynx presumably orphaned have been observed in many European lynx populations. To guide the management of orphaned lynx, we documented survival, rehabilitation and fate after the release and evaluated the potential relevance of lynx orphan rehabilitation for population management and conservation implications. Data on 320 orphaned lynx was collected from 1975 to 2022 from 13 countries and nine populations. The majority of orphaned lynx (55%) were taken to rehabilitation centres or other enclosures. A total of 66 orphans were released back to nature. The portion of rehabilitated lynx who survived at least one year after release was 0.66. Release location was the best predictor for their survival. Of the 66 released lynx, ten have reproduced at least once (8 females and 2 males). Conservation implications of rehabilitation programmes include managing genetic diversity in small, isolated populations and reintroducing species to historical habitats. The lynx is a perfect model species as most reintroduced populations in Central Europe show significantly lower observed heterozygosity than most of the autochthonous populations, indicating that reintroduction bottlenecks, isolation and post-release management have long-term consequences on the genetic composition of populations. The release of translocated orphans could be a valuable contribution to Eurasian lynx conservation in Europe. It is recommended to release orphans at the distribution edge or in the frame of reintroduction projects instead of a release in the core area of a population where it is not necessary from a demographic and genetic point of view. Rehabilitation programmes can have conservation implications that extend far beyond individual welfare benefits.
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Shang, Xiaoyuan, Morris Saldov, and Karen R. Fisher. "Informal Kinship Care of Orphans in Rural China." Social Policy and Society 10, no. 1 (December 8, 2010): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746410000436.
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This study examines kinship care of orphans throughout China. It finds that in addition to children becoming orphaned if both parents die, some children are treated as orphans when their father dies and rural traditional kinship care obligations restrict the viability of widowed mothers continuing to care for their child. When mothers are forced for socioeconomic reasons to leave the paternal extended family, children effectively become orphans, dependent on ageing grandparents. Girls and disabled children are most at risk. Implementing financial and other support to orphans, widowed mothers and kinship carers could improve the sustainability of these family relationships.
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El-Gilany, Abdel-Hady, Mona A. El-Bilsha, and Azza Ibrahim. "Gender Differences in Maladaptive Cognitive Schema in Orphans in Dakahlia, Egypt." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/373120.
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The objective of this study was to assess the gender differences of maladaptive cognitive schema among orphans in Dakahlia governorate orphanages. A cross-sectional comparative study included 152 orphan boys and 48 orphan girls in all orphanages homes in Dakahlia governorate, Egypt. Data collection tools included a structured interview questionnaire for personal data; early maladaptive schema questionnaire-short form (EMSQ-SF). The mean score of the total YSQ and all the subscales, except self-sacrifice and unrelenting standards, are significantly higher among females than males. Attention should be given to the psychological care of the orphans especially security, trust, confidence, and autonomy with more attention to orphan girls.
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Shiferaw, Gemechu, Lemi Bacha, and Dereje Tsegaye. "Prevalence of Depression and Its Associated Factors among Orphan Children in Orphanages in Ilu Abba Bor Zone, South West Ethiopia." Psychiatry Journal 2018 (October 15, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6865085.
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Introduction. Orphans are the special group of children who are generally deprived and prone to develop psychiatric disorders even those reared in well-run institutions. These children and adolescents living as orphans or in stigmatized environments are vulnerable because of the loss of parent figures. The HIV/AIDS epidemic has contributed to a drastic increase in the number of orphans and vulnerable children and other causes in sub-Saharan Africa. However, little is known about the prevalence of depression and associated factors among orphanage children in areas such as Ethiopia. Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among orphans in Ilu Abba Bor Zone orphanages, 2016. Methods. An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among orphan children in orphanages at Mettu and Gore. A total of 220 orphans were included from the two orphanages and make the response rate of 98.2%. Pretested semistructured questionnaire was used for interviewing the study participants. The collected data were coded, entered into EPI-INFO 7.0. Software, and exported to SPSS version 20 for statistical analysis. The strength of association between variables was assessed using crude and Adjusted Odds Ratio by running logistic regression and the cut-off point for declaring statistical significance was P- value <0.05 or 95% confidence interval which does not contain the null value. Results. A total of 216 orphan children were interviewed with response rate of 98.2%. The overall prevalence of depression was 24.1%. The mean age of participants was 14.2 years ± 9.90 SDs and range from 11 to 17 years. Sex [Adjusted Odds Ratio = 3.29, 95% CI (1.41, 7.46)]; age [Adjusted Odds Ratio=2.09,95% CI (3.7; 5.01)]; duration of stay in foster care [Adjusted Odds Ratio= 2.08 (1.01; 8.33)]; previous physical abuse [Adjusted Odds Ratio= 3.1 (2.1; 5.06)]; having medical illness [Adjusted Odds Ratio=1.94,95% CI (2.01;3.56)]; orphan status [Adjusted Odds Ratio=2.5,95% CI (1.62; 3.56)]; and suicidal tendency [Adjusted Odds Ratio= 4.8 (3.41; 9.03)] were independent predictors of depression among orphans in orphanages. Conclusion and Recommendations. Prevalence of depression was high among orphans and this finding suggests that screening for depression and mental and psychological care should be integrated into routine health care provided to orphans and that there is a further need to establish preventive measures against depression.
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Konyana, Bokang D., and Retselisitsoe Matheolane. "Against the tide: Provision of psycho-social support to orphans in a rural primary school in Lesotho." South African Journal of Education 43, Supplement 1 (December 31, 2023): S1—S11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15700/saje.v43ns1a2382.
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Even before the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), Lesotho had a significant number of orphans. However, the pandemic has caused an increase in the number of orphans, as some children have lost 1 or both parents or caregivers. Many of these orphans are of school-going age, strategically placing schools to meet their psycho-social needs. With this study we aimed to achieve 2 objectives: firstly, to assess how 1 primary school in rural Lesotho provided psycho-social support to orphaned learners during the COVID-19 pandemic, and secondly, to determine how such support was beneficial to the orphans. We used the social-ecological model of the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) as a theoretical framework and collected data through interviews with 17 purposively selected participants, including 1 principal, 8 guardians and 8 teachers. Thematic data analysis was used to analyse the data collected. The study revealed that teachers provided food packages, lay counselling, and referrals to spiritual counsellors to support orphaned learners. While learners benefited from the school’s psycho-social services, limited resources and skills posed challenges. We recommend developing comprehensive policies to address the psycho-social support needs of orphans.
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Mushunje, Mildred T., and Muriel Mafico. "Social protection for orphans and vulnerable children in Zimbabwe: The case for cash transfers." International Social Work 53, no. 2 (March 2010): 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872809355385.
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The unprecedented number of orphans and vulnerable children in Zimbabwe has created an urgent need to create innovative ways to provide for the social protection of these children. Innovative packages consisting of educational, food and psychosocial support are being implemented by non-governmental organizations. However, as the orphan crisis continues to deepen, more needs to be done and, learning from the experiences of other countries, the option of cash transfers for social protection for orphans and vulnerable children offers an attractive option for Zimbabwe. This article explores the possibility of using cash transfers for the support of orphans and vulnerable children and highlights the challenges and strengths of this approach.
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Hegyi, Ádám. "Widows’ and Orphans’ Funds at the End of the 18th Century. An Attempt of the Békés Reformed Diocese to Establish a Widows’ and Orphan’ Fund." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica 68, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.68.2.11.
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The system of widows’ pension, orphans’ benefit, and old-age pension was established at the end of the 19th century; however, self-funding also had its antecedents in the early modern period. In Protestant churches, there is evidence that pastors tried to care for their widows and orphans from the 16th century onward. The first fund for the widows and orphans of ministers was established in the Reformed Diocese of Békés in the southeastern part of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1790. The institution, however, could not survive due to lack of capital. Keywords: pension, widow, orphan, Reformed Church, Hungarian Kingdom, pauperism, pension fund, history of pension
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Chusyd, Daniella, Janine Brown, Steve Paris, Stephanie Dickinson, Tessa Steiniche, Steven Austad, David Allison, and Michael Wasserman. "ORPHANED ELEPHANTS EXHIBIT HIGHER THYROID HORMONE CONCENTRATIONS COMPARED TO CONTROLS." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2023): 1093–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.3512.
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Abstract Wild elephant populations provide a natural experiment to study biological effects of early adverse events, such as being orphaned due to poaching. We compared fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGCM) and thyroid hormone (T3) concentrations, and body condition between rescued orphaned elephants and similarly age-matched, control wild elephants. In 2021, single fecal samples were collected during the early (n=20 orphans; n=58 controls) and late (n=20 orphans; n=22 controls) dry seasons. Age was known (+/- 3 months) for orphans and estimated by dung diameter (+/- 1 year) for controls. Sex was assigned based on morphology and unknown for some controls. Body condition scores (BCS: 1 to 9) were assigned at time of sample collection. Linear Mixed Models accounting for repeated measures were performed adjusted for age and season. There was no difference in fGCM between orphans (mean 101.48, SD 59.62ng/g) and controls (mean 93.86, SD 49.97ng/g) (p=0.213). Orphans (mean 271.75, SD 123.16ng/g) had higher T3 concentrations compared to controls (mean 98.65, SD 71.89ng/g) (p< 0.001). There was no difference in BCS between groups (p=0.629). In orphans, fGCM was associated with age (beta=-0.499, p=0.011). In controls, T3 was correlated with fGCM (beta=0.287, p=0.011) and season was associated with fGCM (p=0.008) and BCS (p=0.044). Either because of living under human care or because of alterations in T3 secretion, seasonal factors do not seem to impact orphans’ health status to the same extent as in control elephants. The support of an adopted herd may attenuate the physiological stress associated with experiencing trauma in our study population.
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Sainul, Ahmad. "ANAK YATIM SEBAGAI MUSTAHIK ZAKAT." Jurnal el-Qanuniy: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Kesyariahan dan Pranata Sosial 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 104–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24952/el-qonuniy.v5i1.1767.
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Mustahik zakat is the people who are entitled to receive the assets of sakat issued by zakat payers. Mustahik zakat it self there are eight groups of indigent people, poor people, administrators of zakat, the Mu'allaf who are persuaded by their hearts, to (liberate) slaves, people who owe for the cause of Allah and for those who are on the journey, as a duty prescribed by Allah, and Allah is Knower, Wise.The law of making orphans as mustahik zakat can be seen from two sides as follows: Poor orphaned children, orphans who live in poor condition, especially fakir, it is permissible to get a share of zakat. If orphans have assets or are rich or have rich families who take care of them, the group of orphans may not be made as recipients of zakat because the orphans have property, while people who have unauthorized assets become mustahik zakat.
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Lowe, Callum, Leli Rachmawati, Alice Richardson, and Matthew Kelly. "COVID-19 orphans—Global patterns associated with the hidden pandemic." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): e0000317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000317.
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Whilst the COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant mortality across the globe, many children have been orphaned due to the loss of their parents. Using the framework of an ecological analysis, we used estimates of total maternal/paternal orphans using an online COVID-19 orphanhood calculator to estimate the total orphans per COVID-19 death for 139 countries. Descriptive statistics were used to determine global patterns behind this risk of children being orphaned. Linear regression models were fitted to determine factors associated with this risk, and the association with vaccination coverage was calculated. We found that there is tremendous global variation in the risk that COVID-19 deaths will lead to orphaned children, and that this risk is higher in countries below median GDP per capita (1·56 orphans per deaths) compared to countries above (0·09 orphans per death). Poverty prevalence (B = 2·32, p<0·01), GDP per capita (B = -0·23, p<0·05), and a greater proportion of people with NCDs being reproductive aged (B = 1·46, p<0·0001) were associated with this risk. There was a negative correlation between 2nd dose vaccination coverage and orphans per death (p<0·05). The risk of children being orphaned per COVID-19 death, alongside fertility rate, is due to there being a greater share of COVID-19 deaths among younger persons. This is more likely in poorer countries and those where the age distribution for non-communicable diseases that elevate COVID-19 mortality risk are more uniform. Due to vaccine coverage inequity, more children will suffer the loss of their parents in poorer countries.
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Hervrizal and Toharuddin. "IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM SANTUNAN ANAK YATIM DI LINGKUNGAN KELURAHAN TUAH MADANI KOTA PEKANBARU." Dakwatul Islam 6, no. 2 (June 29, 2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.46781/dakwatulislam.v6i2.503.
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Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perencanaan pelaksanaan program santunan anak yatim, bagaimana pelaksanaan/pengelolaan program santunan anak yatim, apakah faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat pelaksanaan program santunan anak yatim. Metode kualitatif dipergunakan dalam penelitan ini dengan tekhnik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode pengamatan (observasi), wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian adalah tidak terdapat lembaga/yayasan ataupun kepengurusan khusus yang menangani santunan anak yatim dan adanya perbedaan pemahaman di kalangan pengurus dan tokoh masyarakat dalam hal menyantuni anak yatim.
Kata Kunci: Implementasi, Program santunan, Anak yatim
Abstract
This study aims to find out how to plan the implementation of the orphan compensation program, how to implement/manage the orphan compensation program, what are the supporting factors and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the orphan compensation program. Qualitative methods used in this research with data collection techniques using the method of observation (observation), interviews, and documentation. The result of the research is that there is no institution/foundation or special management that handles compensation for orphans and there are differences in understanding among administrators and community leaders in terms of supporting orphans.
Keywords: Implementation, Compensation Program, Orphans
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Bernard Chemwei, Benson M. Nasongo; James Kay;. "Examining the Influence of Individual Guidance and Counseling Services on the Self-Efficacy of Children Living in Orphanages in Bungoma County." Editon Consortium Journal of Psychology, Guidance, and Counseling 1, no. 1 (August 25, 2019): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51317/ecjpgc.v1i1.88.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of individual guidance and counselling services on the self-efficacy of orphaned children living in orphanages in Bungoma County. The researcher adopted the ex-post facto research design. The population of the study was 2132 orphans in the 20 orphanages. 280 of the orphans in all the 20 orphanages were interviewed. One (1) caregiver and one (1) administrator (again per orphanage) were interviewed. Out of a total of 20 Children’s Homes in Bungoma County, the researcher purposively sampled 280 orphans that were interviewed. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data from the respondents who included the orphans, orphanages administrators and caregivers. The self-efficacy scale of 1-4 was converted to between 0-100. The data was prepared, coded and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Strict ethical considerations were observed during the study. The study established that there was a positive and significant relationship between self-efficacy of orphaned children and individual guidance and counselling services. The study’s recommendations were that the government should come up with policies to guide all the orphanages in Kenya, including the process of guiding and counselling. Every orphanage should also engage the services of a qualified guiding and counselling specialist for the orphans and should be paid well to avoid high turnover. Individual guiding and counselling services should be encouraged in orphanages as they are effective. They help the orphans open up and share challenges and enable them to solve serious life’s challenges.
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Ozegbe, Roseline O., and M. Adetunji Babatunde. "Estimating the Effects of HIV/AIDS on Orphanhood and School Enrolment in Sub-Saharan Africa." IBADAN JOURNAL OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES 8, no. 1 (June 20, 2010): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/ijss/0102.80.0130.
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This study examined the impact of AIDS on the prevalence of orphanhood, and its implications for human capital development in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) between 2000 and 2004, using data from various demographic and health surveys. It was found that there was a significant negative relationship between school enrolment and being an AIDS orphan, irrespective of gender consideration. In addition, empirical evidence suggests that paternal AIDS orphans suffer more deprivation than other groups of orphans.
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Margaryan, Narine. "The Activities of the Armenian Orphan Care Society of Egypt in Cilicia during the Armenian Genocide." Ցեղասպանագիտական հանդես 9, no. 1 (May 5, 2021): 58–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.51442/jgs.0017.
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The article discusses the activities and the main goal of the Armenian Orphans Care Society, which was established in Egypt in 1905 and was reorganized in 1916 – to provide the urgent and necessary assistance to orphans, which survived the massacres and hunger, in particular in Cilicia. The Society launched its activities through the departments in Cairo and Alexandria and via many branches, commissions, and groups of volunteers. The Orphans’ Care Society cooperated with several international and local Armenian benevolent organizations. The article describes fundraising activities, lotteries, and the system of donation boxes organized by the Society. The Society spent the entire profit to fund the orphanages in Adana, Ayntap, Anturay, Damascus, and Baghdad–Baquba. The Orphans’ Care Society played a significant role in orphan gathering activities in Cilicia, accommodating orphans in its orphanages in Adana and Ayntap. The Adana orphanage launched its activities in 1919 at the suggestion of Ruben Heryan, Egypt’s Armenians’ delegate in Syria. The number of orphans was gradually growing and reached 1,300, which created some problems regarding the funding and accommodation of orphans. The article discusses the situation in the orphanage, the issues related to food, education, healthcare, and other daily problems. The orphanage leadership sought to solve those problems by cooperating with Orphans’ Care Society and Armenian National Union, which partly funded the orphanage. After the activation of Kemalists in Cilicia, the Society organized the relocation of 700 orphans from Adana orphanage to Mersin, where AGBU took care of part of the orphans. Regarding the Ayntap orphanage, the delegate of Cilicia Hakob Aghazarm visited the Ayntap orphanage in August 1919. He established a special caretaker-steering body chaired by Nerses vicar Tavugchyan, while Gevorg Aslanyan was appointed president. Aghazarm personally participated in the first sessions. Shortly after, the director of the Hama orphanage – Ghazaros Ghplikyan, moved to Ayntap with the last remaining orphans and became the director of the new orphanage. The Society would like to keep up to 500 orphans in the orphanage, but it failed to reach that goal due to the political situation. The Ayntap orphanage orphans moved to Jounieh coastal settlement in Lebanon in July 1920. The Society cooperated with the American Relief organization to fund the orphanage. The article describes the educational and artisanship activities of the orphanage. The Society was led by the ideology of national unity, emphasizing the significance of the activities aimed at protecting the Armenian identity of orphans. The Society periodically printed the name lists of the orphans of Adana and Ayntap orphanages in its official “Vorbuni” magazine and names of their parents, their birthplaces, and other information to activate the work to find the relatives of orphans or foster the adoption process. During its activities, the Society saved up to 3,400 orphans; 1,500 were first kept in Cilicia and later relocated to Lebanon.
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Thomas, Shirley, Declan Walsh, and Aynur Aktas. "Systematic bias in cancer patient-reported outcomes: symptom ‘orphans’ and ‘champions’." BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 9, no. 1 (December 23, 2015): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000835.
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IntroductionPatient-reported outcomes are an integral part of modern healthcare. We report a comparison of symptom item content from several validated cancer instruments to that of a published checklist, and identify the important differences this revealed.MethodsWe defined orphans as any symptom not assessed in any of the six selected instruments; champions, in contrast, were present in all six. An empirically derived cancer multisymptom checklist was used.Three symptom categories were identified Orphan—absent from all 6,Champion—present in all 6,Intermediate—underreported.The contents of each validated instrument were cross-referenced against the checklist.ResultsEighteen (39%) checklist symptoms were orphans. Five (11%) were champions: fatigue, pain, anorexia, dyspnoea and nausea. Of the 46 checklist symptoms, 23 (50%) were inconsistently recorded. All 18 orphan symptoms were clinically important checklist symptoms. Common gastrointestinal and neuropsychological symptoms that pose great clinical management challenges were among the orphan symptoms.ConclusionsOf 46 checklist cancer symptoms, over a third were orphans. All orphan symptoms were rated as clinically important and distressing by checklist. Only 5 checklist symptoms were champions: fatigue, pain, anorexia, dyspnoea and nausea. Important—but usually omitted—symptoms included early satiety (6 of 6) and weight loss (5 of 6). The bias appears to disproportionately affect gastrointestinal and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Symptom studies should specifically report the limitations and account for the inherent item bias of any instrument used.
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Pahroji, Dedi, Puti Priyana, and Puspita Farahdillah. "KEDUDUKAN HUKUM HAK ASUH DAN HAK WARIS ANAK YATIM PIATU YANG MASIH DI BAWAH UMUR." Jurnal Hukum Mimbar Justitia 8, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.35194/jhmj.v8i2.2554.
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An orphan needs special handling because there is a need for a guardian to protect and take care of their interests, including managing the inheritance of their parents. This often causes many problems regarding the distribution of inheritance rights for the child because the child is not yet capable of carrying out legal actions. The writing aims to find out and examine the position of custody of orphans who are underage, the inheritance of orphans who are underage and the judge's consideration of the custody of orphans who are underage based on the case decision Number 3315/Pdt.G/2021 /PA.JB. The research method used in this paper uses normative juridical which is carried out by examining secondary data consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The data collection technique is done by means of literature study. Based on the research and the results obtained are that the custody of a child who is underage under Islamic law falls to the mother or the mother's family. The inheritance part of an orphan who has a kinship relationship with his parents is included in the ashabah group which is obtained after the inheritance is calculated from the remaining inheritance of the other heirs. The decision of the case Number 3315/Pdt.G/2021/PA.JB that the judge granted the entire claim of the plaintiffs.Keywords: Orphans, Custody, Inheritance Rights.
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Nsagha, Dickson S., Anne-Cécile ZK Bissek, Sarah M. Nsagha, Jules-Clement N. Assob, Henri-Lucien F. Kamga, Dora M. Njamnshi, Anna L. Njunda, Marie-Thérèse O. Obama, and Alfred K. Njamnshi. "The Burden of Orphans and Vulnerable Children Due to HIV/AIDS in Cameroon." Open AIDS Journal 6, no. 1 (October 19, 2012): 245–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874613601206010245.
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HIV/AIDS is a major public health problem in Cameroon and Africa, and the challenges of orphans and vulnerable children are a threat to child survival, growth and development. The HIV prevalence in Cameroon was estimated at 5.1% in 2010. The objective of this study was to assess the burden of orphans and vulnerable children due to HIV/AIDS in Cameroon. A structured search to identify publications on orphans and other children made vulnerable by AIDS was carried out. A traditional literature search on google, PubMed and Medline using the keywords: orphans, vulnerable children, HIV/AIDS and Cameroon was conducted to identify potential AIDS orphans publications, we included papers on HIV prevalence in Cameroon, institutional versus integrated care of orphans, burden of children orphaned by AIDS and projections, impact of AIDS orphans on Cameroon, AIDS orphans assisted through the integrated care approach, and comparism of the policies of orphans care in the central African sub-region. We also used our participatory approach working experience with traditional rulers, administrative authorities and health stakeholders in Yaounde I and Yaounde VI Councils, Nanga Eboko Health District, Isangelle and Ekondo Titi Health Areas, Bafaka-Balue, PLAN Cameroon, the Pan African Institute for Development-West Africa, Save the orphans Foundation, Ministry of Social Affairs, and the Ministry of Public Health. Results show that only 9% of all OVC in Cameroon are given any form of support. AIDS death continue to rise in Cameroon. In 1995, 7,900 people died from AIDS in the country; and the annual number rose to 25,000 in 2000. Out of 1,200,000 orphans and vulnerable children in Cameroon in 2010, 300,000(25%) were AIDS orphans. Orphans and the number of children orphaned by AIDS has increased dramatically from 13,000 in 1995 to 304,000 in 2010. By 2020, this number is projected to rise to 350,000. These deaths profoundly affect families, which often are split up and left without any means of support. Similarly, the death of many people in their prime working years hamper the economy. Businesses are adversely affected due to the need to recruit and train new staff. Health and social service systems suffer from the loss of health workers, teachers, and other skilled workers. OVC due to HIV/AIDS are a major public health problem in Cameroon as the HIV prevalence continues its relentless increase with 141 new infections per day. In partnership with the Ministry of Social Affairs and other development organizations, the Ministry of Public Health has been striving hard to provide for the educational and medical needs of the OVC, vocational training for the out-of- school OVC and income generating activities for foster families and families headed by children. A continous multi-sectorial approach headed by the government to solve the problem of OVC due to AIDS is very important. In line with the foregoing, recommendations are proposed for the way forward.