Relevant bibliographies by topics / Orient

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Orient'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Orient"

1

Yasmin Khan, Mamona, and Umme Farwa. "Exploration of Re-Oriental Tendencies in Shamsie’s Burnt Shadows and Home Fire: Re-Orientalization of the Orient." Journal of English Language, Literature and Education 4, no. 3 (March 28, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2023.0501149.

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Re-orientalization of the modern orient has become a new phenomenon in South Asian Literature. This research tended to analyze the re-oriental tendencies in Shamsie’s critically acclaimed novels Burnt Shadows and Home Fire. Lau’s (2009) framework of Re-Orientalism was selected for the analysis along with the basic concepts of Said’s (1979) Orientalism. Within this framework, the researcher selected ten random samples from both novels for textual analysis. The analysis reveals that the modern orient encounters more hate and prejudice in the host country for being an orient and a diaspora Muslim. The new orient has been labeled as a terrorist under the concept of Islamophobia. This representation, interestingly, was not given by the Occident but by the postcolonial writer itself. Post-9/11 fiction highlights the settling issues of the modern orients significantly which make it different from the traditional ways of writing. A linguistic and pragmatic analysis of both novels can be done. Both novels can be compared in terms of similarities and differences in the linguistic styles of diasporic male authors.
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Nadel, Ira. "Oriental Bloomsbury." Modernist Cultures 13, no. 1 (February 2018): 14–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/mod.2018.0192.

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The multiple and occasionally contradictory response of Bloomsbury to the Orient is the focus of this essay which also considers the reverse: the Orient's response to Bloomsbury and the promotion of their texts in the East. From Roger Fry to G. L. Dickinson, Virginia Woolf, and Vanessa Bell, the Orient became a source of aesthetic interest and problematized politics. French Orientalism and Proust initially corroborated the experiences of Woolf in Constantinople and Leonard Woolf in Ceylon, soon to be revised by new views of Imperial authority. Yet Bloomsbury and the Orient artistically depended on each other, at one point Fry scolding Bloomsbury and England that ‘we can no longer hide behind the Elgin marbles and refuse to look at the art of China’. And look they did, from attending museum shows to collecting Oriental art and furniture, while adopting Oriental fashions – and, when possible, traveling to China and Japan marked by visits by Bertrand Russell, William Empson, and Harold Acton. The response of individual Bloomsbury writers to the Orient mixes curiosity and jealousy. To her nephew Julian Bell, teaching at Wuhan University, Woolf wrote that ‘you are much to be envied. I wish I had spent three years in China at your age’.
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Ahmed, Zia, Hafsa Qadir Buzdar, and Umaima Kamran. "Postcolonial Subject as Modern Orient: A Critical Analysis of Shamsie’s Home Fire." International Journal of Linguistics and Culture 2, no. 2 (November 24, 2021): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v2i2.52.

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This paper aims to explore the evolution and portrayal of the modern Orients in Pakistani fiction and attempts to determine the causes, factors and impact of this shift from simple orient to New Orient. New orient is a discourse being popularized by the west under the influence of Islamophobia to generate a specific type of violent orient whose main job is to spread terrorism and is therefore dangerous. The similar discourses are being followed by the writers from non-western areas of the world and are deeply connected with the formerly colonized country. The new orient is an unwanted person whose loyalties with the identity, community, race and language are constantly shifting in his portrayal in the fiction. This necessitates a debate and discussion about this new orient. This research study delimits to Shamsie’s Home Fire to investigate the new orient and to determine the level of change that has occurred in the patterns of representation in the 21st century under the forces of globalization, neo-colonialism and islamophobia. Above all, this orient is not represented by the European writer but by the Postcolonial writers, such as Shamsie. The writers intend to read the selected chunks of the text under the lens of new-Orientalism and evaluate the portrayals of Aneeka and Parvaiz as the new-orientals, as portrayed by Shamsie. The most probable outcome of the study is that the post 9/11 fiction has given birth to a new set of issues related to the Orient and their settlements and has brought more sophistication in the characters of orient and hence they have diverted from their traditional portrayals as Orients.
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Prokop, Daria. "Orient po polsku. Obraz orientu w polskiej leksykografii." Język a Kultura 27 (June 13, 2019): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1232-9657.27.8.

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The Orient in Polish: An image of the Orient in Polish lexicographyThe article focuses on the study of the meaning, occurrence and use of the term Orient and its derivatives — associated words related to it — in the Polish language. The starting point is the concept of a linguistic image of the world that assumes the dependence of the individual’s perception of reality on the language he or she uses. A person, learning about the world, experiences it with the help of native speech, which imposes a certain specific way of thinking. The language appears as a filter and a ready set of interpretive schemes that impose a specific point of view on the user. The aim of the presented research is the reconstruction of the linguistic image of the non-linguistic reality section represented by the Orient lexeme and its derivatives. The study covered the National Corpus of the Polish Language, more widely available dictionary and encyclopedic definitions, and types of usage that can be observed in the contemporary public space represented by the so-called old and new media. The article also focuses on the connotations of the word Orient appearing in the Polish language system. An important part of the research focuses on the functioning of the analyzed lexeme and its derivatives in Polish culture, taking into account the changes taking place. The observed changes were separated and described, then presented in a chronological manner. The presented analysis creates the possibility of a better understanding of the perception of the Orient by people speaking Polish.
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Alfawa’ra, Loiy Hamidi Qutaish, and Jameel Ahmed Alghaberi. "American orientalism: A critical reading through Edgar Allan Poe." Studies in English Language and Education 10, no. 2 (May 31, 2023): 1103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v10i2.25564.

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To date, The Arabian Nights still create frames of reference outside its fictive core. The article critically examined the adaptations and appropriation of the classic Arabian Nights by Edgar Allan Poe and how he invested his interest in the Orient to advance his career as a writer. More specifically, the aim was to study the links between European Orientalism and the new version of the Orient constructed in the United States. Various modes of reading and approaches were used to critically interpret the primary texts. Orientalism and postcolonial theories provided a theoretical framework for the study, and the deconstructive approach was applied in certain contexts to deconstruct and dismantle the stereotyping and mythologizing of the Orient. The article contributed to the growing scholarship on American oriental discourse by offering a counter perspective. Poe’s poems and short stories all perpetuate negative oriental representations. His obsession with the Orient is not reflected as aesthetic appreciation but it is rather appropriation that distorts and never restores. Poe’s oriental discourse is only examined lately by Arab critics of American literature and more specifically it surfaced through translations of his works into Arabic. Through stereotypical duplication in the world of realism, a fake Orient has become there in the world of reality.
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Khan, Shahab Yar. "Shakespeare i Orijent / Shakespeare and the Orient." Context: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no. 2 (March 21, 2022): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.55425/23036966.2016.3.2.77.

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The history of drama in Asia is as old as the history of the world itself. In India however, according to the popular belief, the tradition of drama dates back to the prehistoric times. Due to this unique approach towards drama, that makes it a valuable divine gift for humanity, the esoteric significance of this art form has never seen decline in the cultural history of India. Drama, thus, acquires in Indian context a religious significance and represents as an art form the union of the celestial and the terrestrial. Drama (in Sanskrit Natak), in the Indian Subcontinent, has distinctive characteristic features. Essentially, as reflection of human existence, it is a combination of all the known art forms and, therefore, becomes the deepest expression of the human soul. The rise of Islamic culture and civilization in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries contributed to the amalgamation of the two great civilizations. The impact of the Muslim culture in transforming the classical features of Indian music, architecture, science, literature, etc. can by no means be undermined. By the end of the sixteenth century, the century of liberal humanism and coincidently the era of the rise of the Mughal Empire, the theatrical art had gained enormous significance in India. There is enough evidence to believe that Shakespeare’s plays were first performed in India during the reign of the Mughals (1526-1857). Later, the newly emerging colonial power, the English, in its first stronghold in India, Calcutta, established alongside other bureaucratic, political and educational institutions, the Garrison Theater. The earliest performances at this theater date back to 1770s and the first ever documented English play on the Indian soil happens to be Shakespeare’s Othello. Shakespeare’s unique dramatic structure smoothly found its place of prominence in the cultural life of India, offering new dimensions to the already existing rich local tradition and at the same time enriching its own dramatic expression. Today, all the major educational institutions of the Subcontinent cherish the tradition of mounting on stage the annual performances of Shakespeare’s plays and the cinematographic tradition has incorporated his works into its popular tradition from the very beginning of the history of the film industry in India.
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Ma, Xiaolu. "“The Orient” versus Dongfang." Prism 17, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 430–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/25783491-8690436.

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Abstract Since Edward Said published his seminal study on Orientalism, the notion of the Orient has been heavily discussed and hotly debated in both the Eastern and Western worlds. While early studies of Orientalism mainly underline Western fantasies of an exotic East as the West's “other,” Chinese scholars have also been inspired to reconceptualize the notion of the Orient in recent decades. By examining the formation of the notion of dongfang 東方 (the Orient) through journal publications, academic disciplinary construction, and the writing of oriental history, this article observes how the Chinese world of letters identified China with the Orient when China attempted to accommodate itself to a Eurocentric historical narrative in the 1920s. The article further investigates how the Chinese achieved a strategic alliance with Soviet Russia in the 1950s to confront the Western cultural centers of Europe and the United States and how Chinese academia repositioned itself in response to the adoption of Western criticism on Orientalism in the 1980s. This article also traces the institutionalization of oriental literature studies in modern China under the influence of both Soviet Russian and Western European academia to investigate how reimagining the Orient has enabled Chinese scholars to reorient Chinese literature within the genealogy of world literature. This article thus aims to shed light on the Chinese reconfiguration of Chinese cultural identity in an ongoing negotiation between East and West.
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Gadamska-Serafin, Renata. "Góry Kaukaz jako wrota Orientu. Motywy orientalne w twórczości Tadeusza Łady-Zabłockiego." Góry, Literatura, Kultura 11 (July 17, 2018): 111–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-4107.11.9.

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THE CAUCASUS AS A GATE TO THE ORIENT. ORIENTAL MOTIFS IN TADEUSZ ŁADA-ZABŁOCKI'S OEUVREThe East, its culture and literature were always part of the rich, erudite poetic imagination of Tadeusz Łada-Zabłocki 1811–1847, a tsarist exile to the Caucasus. He spoke Oriental languages Georgian and Persian and had a thorough knowledge of the Koran, a short fragment of which he even translated probably from French. Although today we only have his poetry inspired by the Caucasian mountains, he was also no stranger to extensive travel accounts unfortunately, his Dziennik podróży mojej do Tyflisu i z Tyflisu po różnych krajach za Kaukazem Journal From My Journey To and From Tiflis Across Various Countries Beyond the Caucasus and notes from his Armenian expedition were lost. An important source of inspiration for Zabłocki, encouraging him to explore the East, were the Philomaths’ translations of Oriental poetry by Jan Wiernikowski and Aleksander Chodźko, while his model of reception of the Orient were the oeuvres of Mickiewicz primarily his Crimean and Odessa Sonnets, Byron and Thomas Moore especially the fragment of Lalla Rookh — Paradise and the Peri. The exile brutally brought Zabłocki into contact with the real Orient, terribly dangerous and diametrically different from the one described by Western travellers. It is, therefore, not surprising, that their superficial and simplified accounts were criticised by the Polish poet and soldier.Zabłocki’s oeuvre, both pre-exile and Caucasus period works, is full of various Oriental reminiscences: from the Biblical topos of the Paradise ab Oriente, through numerous splendid images of Caucasian nature, scenes from the life of Caucasian highlanders, poetic imitation of the metre of Caucasian folk dances, apt ethnographic observations in the verses, borrowings from Oriental languages, extraordinarily sensual eastern erotic poems, to translations of texts of Caucasian cultures Tatar, Azeri and Georgian songs. Zabłocki drew on both folk culture of Caucasian tribes, and on Eastern mythologies as well as universal culture of the Islamic world. He presents an ambivalent image of Caucasian highlanders in his poetry: sometimes they acquire traits of noble, free, valiant and indomitable individuals, typical of the Romantic idea of highlanders, on other occasions the label “Son of the East” becomes a synonym of Asian barbarity.Freed from the service in the tsarist army, Zabłocki planned travels across nearby Persia, Asia Minor, and even Arabia, Nubia and Palestine. However, the plans never became a reality, owing to a lack of funds and the poet’s early death of cholera.Zabłocki’s “Eastern” oeuvre fully reveals the “liminal”, demarcational nature of the Caucasian mountains, for centuries constituting the limes between Europe and Asia, the East and the West, a meeting place of the Christian and the Muslim Orients.]]>
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Burkiewicz, Łukasz. "Od Redakcji." Perspektywy Kultury 31, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/pk.2020.3104.01.

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Silvestre de Sacy (1758–1838), pionier europejskiej orientalistyki, dostar­czył europejskiemu czytelnikowi wielu fundamentalnych dzieł na temat Orientu, jak również przekładów, które w wielu przypadkach są aktualne do dzisiaj. To on badał kamień z Rossetty, jak i interpretował korespon­dencję Timura z królem Francji Karolem VI. Jego dokonania na długo przed publikacją książki Edwarda W. Saida Orientalizm (1978), tak sze­roko dyskutowanej, otworzyły tajemniczy i intrygujący Orient dla Europy. Z naszej dzisiejszej perspektywy wpływ Orientu na kulturę Europy jest nader oczywisty. Stąd też również zainteresowanie tym zagadnieniem przez autorów publikacji zamieszczonych w niniejszym numerze „Per­spektyw Kultury”, którzy w większości przypadków nawiązali w swoich tekstach do tematu przewodniego Orient: wczoraj i dziś.
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Golovachev, Valentin Ts. "Obverse and Reverse of the Imagology: A New Monograph by St. Petersburg Orientalists on Peter the Great’s Image in East Asia, and Vice Versa." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 15, no. 2 (2023): 222–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2023.201.

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This publication aims to review and conceptually evaluate the collective monograph “The Image of Peter the Great in East Asia countries”, published in the year of the 350th anniversary of the first Russian Emperor and representing a new milestone in Russian science. The monograph prepared by a group of well-known St. Petersburg orientalists testifies to the significant development of comparative Imagology in Russian Oriental studies, caused by the rapid rapprochement of Russians and Asian peoples, the growing number of scholars, as well as the relevance, quantity and quality of their research in this field. The new book can be put on a par with the “Leo Tolstoy and the Orient” (1971) — a landmark book for Russian historiography, while the topic “Peter the Great and the Orient” is comparable in scale to the Oriental Space of the great Russian writer and serves as a unique refraction of Tolstoy’s “War and Peace” paradigm, which is extremely complicated, meaningful and interesting for academic study. As the review of the monograph reveals, during the study of Peter the Great’s image in the East Asia countries, the authors surpassed the title theme in quite a positive and creative way. But, considering the fundamental immensity of such theme as “Peter the Great’s Image in the Oriental countries”, it seems necessary to issue the second more expanded edition, enriched by the new countries and peoples of Asia and Africa, just like the “Leo Tolstoy and the Orient” monograph. The imagological research work could be also continued in the foreseeable future (before 2037) by the new fundamental international study, such as “Pushkin and the Orient: A. S. Pushkin’s Image in the Oriental countries and the Orient in the masterpieces of the great Russian poet”. The groundwork for such an academic project already exists in Russian Orientology for a very long time.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Orient"

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McClure, Iain. "John Milton's orient." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497915.

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Both the prose and poetry of John Milton (1608-1674) are replete with references, allusions and digressions on oriental topics. Yet, this profusion of detail has received no systematic examination. Thus, this thesis examines the ways that the Milton depicts "the Orient." In doing so, it offers a reconsideration of the methodologies used by western scholars to analyse literary investigations of non-western peoples and places. Notably, it endeavours to outline how we can examine the Orient in literature without resorting to the paradigms of "Orientalism," as delineated by Edward Said (1935-2003). This thesis notes how all these avenues of enqury lead to a single conclusion: Milton's abiding sentiments about "the Orient" were the fear of assault by a superior force and the dread of contamination by all that he considered alien.
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Jůn, Libor. "Orient a fotografie." Doctoral thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze. Filmová a televizní fakulta AMU. Knihovna, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-96887.

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Johansson, Gith. "Le grand Orient." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-34136.

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1. SammanfattningMitt syfte med uppsatsen är att undersöka de attityder som finns till europeisk – utomeuropeisk. Jag har en övergripande fråga som lyder: vilka uppfattningar kan finnas bland elever och lärare om europeisk respektive utomeuropeisk historieundervisning?För att kunna få svar på frågorna har jag genomfört en enkätundersökning i tre stycken samhällsklasser, haft intervjuer med tre stycken elever och haft intervjuer med två stycken verksamma historielärare. Vidare har jag även tittat närmare på kursplanen för historia samt gjort en läromedelsanalys. Jag kommer att lyfta fram välkända begrepp som historiemedvetande och historieidentitet. Specifika begrepp för min uppsats blir orientalism och omvärldsbilder. Nyckelord: Omvärldsbilder, historiemedvetande, historieidentitet, orientalism
1.2 AbstractThe purpose with my essay is to examine what attitudes exist towards European and non- European history education. My main target group will be students in upper secondary school. I have one overlapping question: which impressions can exist among students and teachers, regarding European and non- European history education? To get my answers, this essay consists of two parts, one theoretical and one empirical. I will discuss noted concepts as historical identity and historical consciousness and specific for my essay will be orientalism and national images. Keywords: National images, historical identity, historical consciousness, orientalism
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Daou, Fadi. "L'Inculturation dans le "Croissant" : les Eglises orientales catholiques dans la perspective d'une Eglise arabe." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR20053.

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Les Eglises orientales constituent le berceau du christianisme. Aussi sont-elles les témoins privilégiés du processus originel et intégral d'inculturation. Epousant la pluralité socioculturelle de son contexte, l'inculturation est devenue une matrice d'Eglises locales. Or, le contexte culturel de ces Eglises a radicalement évolué. Aujourd'hui, c'est l'arabité en prise avec la modernité et la mondialisation qui constitue le sitz im leben du processus inculturationnel dans le Croissant. Par conséquent, une nouvelle inculturation doit animer la vie de ces Eglises. D'un point de vue catholique, ce dynamisme est appelé à soulever trois défis : la mission, la communion et la catholicité. Nanties de la riche expérience du passé et d'une structure ecclésiale favorable, les Eglises orientales catholiques du Croissant arabe donnent aujourd'hui les premiers signes de ce renouveau. Il les place dans une perspective nouvelle, celle d'une Eglise d'Eglises, l'Eglise arabe
The Eastern churches represent the cradle of Christianity. They were a fortunate witness to the original and integral process of inculturation. Within the Eastern context in its cultural diversity, this process became a matrix of autonomous churches, each one with its expressions and traditions. However the cultural context of the Eastern churches has completely changed. At present, it is the Arabic culture, in tension with modernity and globalization, which compose the sitz im leben of the inculturation process in the Arab Crescent. Therefore, a new inculturation should animate the life of these churches. In a catholic view, this dynamic might face three challenges : mission, communion and catholicity. In favor of their past experience and their specific ecclesial system, the Eastern Catholic churches of the Arab Crescent already demonstrate signs of this renewal movement. This is happening through a new ecclesial perspective, a Church of churches, the Arab Church
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Vougiouklidou, Anna. "Nerval et les races du Proche-Orient d'après le "Voyage en Orient"." Paris 3, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA03A083.

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Xing, Xiaozhou. "Balthus et l'extrême-Orient." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010598.

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Husanovic, Edina. "Dis-Orient Express : belly dancing, hybrid identities and female oriental 'other'." Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/77732/.

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Positioning the female Oriental ‘Other’ as the speaker and the agent of the discourse on belly dancing, rather than solely the object of a Western male gaze, this thesis investigates the politics of cultural difference through the prism of belly dancing. My practice as research approach combines the voices of other belly dancers interviewed along the route of Orient Express, the analysis of my creative strategies in the research performance Dis-Orient Express as well as the perspectives in post-colonial and feminist theory. My thesis combines the analysis of my performance strategies, the findings from the field research, and relevant critical perspectives, to investigate the potential of a creative counter-narrative to subvert the fixed categories of the orientalist discourse. Chapter One maps out the context of my multi-disciplinary methodology encompassing performance art practice, auto-ethnography, empirical research and critical reflection drawn from the post-colonial and feminist theory. Chapter Two develops the analysis of artistic counter-narratives by engaging in three case studies from Europe and Istanbul, drawn from the field research of belly dancers along the route of the Orient Express in 2012. Chapter Three analyses this performance by tracing the creative attempt at collaborative remapping of the concepts of ‘Orient’, ‘Europe’ and feminine Oriental Other, and my use of the myth of Persephone to convey issues of exile and violence that lie at the margins of belly dancing politics. Chapter Four develops the analysis of creative counter-narrative enacted from the position of hybrid identity. Conclusion highlights the question of how the fantasies and fears of the Other are currently replayed in the climate of increasing polarisation of the debate on European/British identity and the ‘immigrant’ Oriental Other, acknowledging the importance of a deeper analysis of these processes for a future study.
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Lebreton, Maud. "Le récipient et les premiers "arts du feu" au Proche-Orient durant le Néolithique précéramique (10è - 7è millénaires avant J. -C. Cal. )." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010587.

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Le Néolithique précéramique se caractérise, comme son nom l'indique, par l'absence de céramique. Cette technique, visant la transformation volontaire et définitive par cuisson d'une pâte à base de terre argileuse, produit des récipients, appelés poteries, capables de supporter le contact direct avec une flamme et donc de cuire leur contenu. Le récipient étant un outil indispensable à l'homme sédentaire, la mise en oeuvre et la consommation des produits de la cueillette, de la chasse, puis de l'agriculture et de l'élevage sont pratiquées , plus de 2000 ans avant l'utilisation des poteries. L'apparition tardive de la céramique dans le processus de : néolithisation montre que la gamme de récipients disponibles jusqu'alors satisfaisait les besoins quotidiens i de ces nouveaux agriculteurs et éleveurs sédentaires. L'analyse des récipients du Néolithique précéramique, en fibres végétales, en bois, en pierre, en chaux, en plâtre et en terre argileuse, permet de voir le milieu naturel, technique et culturel dans lequel ils sont nés et ont été utilisés. La domestication du feu dans la transformation physique et chimique de matières naturelles (calcaire, gypse, terre argileuse) redéfinit la place et le pouvoir de l'homme sur la nature. Le caractère cumulable du progrès technique permet de remonter à la naissance de la céramique dont la postérité en fait aujourd'hui un trait de civilisation. Les techniques et les technologies précédant directement son apparition ont été les moteurs de son adoption. Celle-ci s'inscrit dans la logique interne et la tendance inhérente à l'évolution technique. L'apparition des poteries ne constitue ainsi qu'une étape dans la mise en place de cette mutation extraordinaire et décisive que représente la néolithisation au Proche-Orient.
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Dubreuil, Laure. "Étude fonctionnelle des outils de broyage natoufiens : nouvelles perspectives sur l'émergence de l'agriculture au Proche-Orient." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12546.

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Le matériel de broyage (meules, molettes, pilons et mortiers) constitue un moyen particulier d'action sur la matière visant à broyer voire à réduire en poudre. Les données ethnologiques attestent de la diversité des matériaux transformés à l'aide de ces outils. Dans le Levant, si cet outillage est connu pour des périodes anciennes, son développement correspond à l'Epipaléolithique et plus particulièrement au Natoufien. Ceci est généralement interprété comme lié à une augmentation de l'importance des ressources végétales à des périodes précédant l'établissement des premières communautés agricoles. L'objectif de ce travail a été de tester et de préciser cette hypothèse. Une première phase de recherche méthodologique a permis de proposer une démarche d'analyse fonctionnelle des outils de broyage, en développant plus particulièrement une approche tracéologique. Cette démarche a été appliquée à l'étude de trois assemblages natoufiens. Les résultats de nos analyses attestent de la diversité des modes d'utilisation des outils dits "plats", de type meules et molettes. Pour les molettes en particulier, nous identifions des utilisations pour le broyage de végétaux mais aussi pour le travail de la peau. La comparaison des séries dans une perspective diachronique et synchronique permet de proposer un schéma d'évolution des assemblages d'outils de broyage et de leur mode d'utilisation au cours du Natoufien. Celui-ci pourrait être lié, au moins dans le Nord du Levant, à une volonté d'optimisation du rendement de l'exploitation des légumineuses et des céréales à la fin du Natoufien. Resituées dans un contexte plus large, ces données plaideraient en faveur de l'hypothèse d'une longue tradition d'utilisation des ressources végétales et d'une importante variabilité des modes d'exploitation des végétaux durant le Natoufien comprenant peut être des expériences de domestication ponctuelles.
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Aoun, Marc. "Contribution à l'étude des sources du droit des communautés chrétiennes en Orient." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR30012.

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Les communautés chrétiennes orientales issues des schismes du Ve siècle ont développé un corpus juridique propre, qui s'étendait aux matières relevant du domaine de droit séculier. Deux importantes sources en particulier, remontant à la fin de l'Antiquité, nous ont été conservées. Connues respectivement sous les appellations de Livre syro-romain et Sententiae Syriacae, l'une comme l'autre reflètent des dispositions dont l'originalité réside aussi bien dans leur formulation que dans la nature même des normes qu'elles véhiculent Ces sources ont été plus tard intégrées aux collections canoniques et nomocanons élaborés au sein des différentes communautés chrétiennes orientales et une partie des dispositions fait encore autorité à l'époque moderne pour certaines de ces communautés (notamment copte orthodoxe, nestorienne ou jacobite)
The oriental Christian communities which have sprung from the fifth century schisms have developed their own body of laws, including a body of secular laws. Two major sources going back to the late Antiquity have been preserved, the so-called Syro-roman Law Book and Sententiae Syriacae. The originality of both lies in the way in which laws are formulated as well as in the norms which they convey. These sources were eventually integrated to the canonical collections and nomocanons, developed by the various oriental Christian communities and some of their provisions are still authoritative today in some of these communities (notably the orthodox Copt, Nestorian or Jacobite communities)
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Books on the topic "Orient"

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Hôtel Drouot. Orient, Extrême-Orient, bijoux. Paris: Claude Boisgirard, 2001.

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Tajber, Artur. Orient akcia =: Orient-action. Kraków: [author?], 1995.

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Ypma, Herbert J. M. Orient. London: Thames & Hudson, 2005.

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Gemeentemuseum, Haags. Ceramiek uit de Oriënt =: Ceramics from the Orient. Zwolle: Waanders Uitgevers, 1999.

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Giardino. Orient gateway. New York: NBM Pub., 1997.

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Passos, John Dos. Orient-express. Monaco: Éditions du Rocher, 1991.

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Hôtel Drouot. Extrême Orient. Paris: Massol, 2002.

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Corporation, Hemphill Harris Travel, ed. The Orient. Hong Kong: Apa Productions Ltd., 1987.

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Remy, Pierre-Jean. Orient-Express. Milano: Rizzoli, 1988.

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Passos, John Dos. Orient Express. La Coruña: Ediciones del Viento, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Orient"

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Stamm, Ulrike. "Orient." In Hofmannsthal-Handbuch, 107–10. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05407-4_34.

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Mommsen, Katharina. "Orient." In Goethe Handbuch, 813–19. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-03656-8_56.

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Umebayashi, Katsu, Thomas Daniell, Michael Webb, Peter Allison, and Kazuhiro Kojima. "Orient." In FOBA, 159–67. New York, NY: Princeton Archit.Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-56898-635-1_13.

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Scriba, Christoph J., and Peter Schreiber. "Orient." In 5000 Jahre Geometrie, 107–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04500-8_4.

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Lewis, Jonathan David. "Orient." In Brand vs. Wild, 101–18. New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315186177-7.

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"Orient." In The Poetics and Politics of the Desert, 95–156. Brill | Rodopi, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789401206570_004.

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"orient." In Shakespeare and Visual Culture, 157. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Imprint previously known as Arden Shakespeare, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472568083.article-159.

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"Kapitel 3: Turkestancy." In Roter Orient, 115–64. Köln: Böhlau Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/9783412513252.115.

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"Kapitel 4: Turkestans Muslimkommunisten." In Roter Orient, 165–214. Köln: Böhlau Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/9783412513252.165.

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"Kapitel 5: Muslimkommunistische Politik." In Roter Orient, 215–62. Köln: Böhlau Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/9783412513252.215.

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Conference papers on the topic "Orient"

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Zwerdling, Naama, Inbal Ronen, Lior Leiba, and Maya Barnea. "Orient Me!" In UMAP '18: 26th Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3209219.3209247.

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Young, A. D., M. J. Ling, and D. K. Arvind. "Orient-2." In the 4th workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1278972.1278986.

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Öğünç, Ömer. "THE ORIENT ON A BICYCLE." In International Conference on Modern Approach in Humanities and Social Sciences. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/icmhs.2019.03.151.

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Versace, Fran. "Welcome to the orient express." In the 23rd annual ACM SIGUCCS conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/219894.223050.

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Humphries, M. "Orient VSP Receivers Using Diffracted Energy." In 72nd EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2010. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201400835.

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Pochappan, Smita S., D. K. Arvind, Jennifer Walsh, Alison M. Richardson, and Jan Herman. "Mobile Clinical Gait Analysis Using Orient Specks." In 2012 Ninth International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bsn.2012.34.

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Awwal, Abdul A. S., Walter S. Ferguson, and Pete B. Shull. "Best angle to orient two intersecting lines." In SPIE Optics + Photonics, edited by Khan M. Iftekharuddin and Abdul A. S. Awwal. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.682656.

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Fant, Joshua, Daniel J. Kennedy, Joseph F. Marrone, Gregory McLamb, and Matt Teeden. "Rehabilitation of the Orient Point Lighthouse Foundation." In 12th Triannual International Conference on Ports. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41098(368)87.

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Sindelarova, Anna, and Sarka Pechouckova. "CHILDREN'S ABILITY TO ORIENT THEMSELVES IN SPACE." In 15th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2023.0549.

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IGNAT, Adrian. "The Romanians between the Orient and the Occident." In 12th LUMEN International Scientific Conference Rethinking Social Action. Core Values in Practice RSACVP 2019, 15-17 May 2019, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing house, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc.180.

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Reports on the topic "Orient"

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Yoon, Hye-in, and Kyoung-Hee Cho. Monet of the orient. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1091.

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Archer, Clark. Measuring Object-Orient Software Products. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada575654.

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Al-Maqdissi, Michel. Archéologie du Proche-Orient, le naufrage de l’éthique. Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21001/rap.2020.30.9.

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Berger, Lutz. Überlegungen zu Thomas Bauer. Universitatsbibliothek Kiel, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21941/berger.ueberlegungenzuthomasbauer.

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Forschungsfragen: 1. Bestand im Vorderen Orient in der untersuchten Epoche eine Ambiguitätstoleranz wie von Bauer beschrieben? 2. Warum verfügten die Menschen in vorderorientalischen Gesellschaften der untersuchten Epoche über große Ambiguitätstoleranz? 3. Ist Ambiguitätstoleranz ein spezifisch vorderorientalisches Phänomen? 4. Warum ist die ehedem große Ambiguitätstoleranz im Vorderen Orient verloren gegangen?
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Heredia, Blanca. The Political Economy of Reform of the Administrative Systems of Public Sector Personnel in Latin America: An Analytical Framework. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009104.

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This study develops a conceptual and analytical reference framework for the preparation of case studies on political determinants of the level of success of the reforms of the system of public-sector personnel in Latin America. Its main goal is to orient the empirical work toward the evaluation of the explanatory weights of the different structural, institutional and strategic variables that have a bearing on the ability of driving forces to initiate and sustain processes of change oriented toward improved efficiency, honesty and responsibility on the part of government employees.
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Veilleux-Lepage, Yannick, and Emil Archambault. Étude comparative de l’usage des drones par des groupes armés non étatiques au Moyen-Orient. ICCT, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2022.3.02.

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Le présent rapport examine les programmes de drones de cinq groupes non étatiques opérant au Moyen-Orient: le Hezbollah, le Hamas, le Mouvement Houthi, l’État islamique (EI) et le Parti des travailleurs du Kurdistan (PKK). Contrairement à d’autres groupes armés non étatiques, ces cinq groupes ont démontré une habileté à innover dans leurs tactiques et/ou techniques d’utilisation des drones, ont soutenu un engagement à long terme dans le développement de technologies de drones, et ont prouvé leur capacité à développer des infrastructures de drones. Ces cinq groupes ont développé leurs programmes de drones différemment en termes de délais, de méthodes, de stratégies et de tactiques. Par conséquent, ce rapport rejette l’idée selon laquelle les programmes de drones de tous les groupes non étatiques suivent des parcours de développement identiques. Au contraire, nous soutenons que l’utilisation de drones par un groupe terroriste doit être replacée dans le contexte des objectifs stratégiques globaux de ce même groupe. De ce fait, nous soutenons que les États et les forces militaires qui s’opposent à ces groupes doivent d’abord comprendre ce qu’un groupe en particulier espère accomplir avec des drones afin de cerner pleinement la menace en question et, deuxièmement comprendre les défis spécifiques présentés par l’innovation dans les programmes de drones (par opposition à l’utilisation épisodique de drones). Ce rapport offre de plus un cadre pour l’étude de l’innovation en matière de drones qui n’est pas limité à ces groupes et qui peut également s’appliquer à d’autres groupes à l’avenir, décrivant cinq voies différentes que les groupes non étatiques ont empruntées pour développer la technologie des drones. Cet article apporte trois contributions importantes à l’état des connaissances sur ce sujet grâce à la collecte et à l’analyse systématiques de données empiriques.Tout d’abord, nous suggérons qu’il est nécessaire de recentrer l’attention sur les méthodes d’emploi de drones les plus courantes et empiriquement éprouvées plutôt que sur la menace la plus médiatisée, soit celle des armes de destruction massive (ADM) déployées par des drones. Nous n’avons trouvé aucune preuve qu’un groupe non étatique ait sérieusement tenté de lancer des armes de destruction massive (ADM) en utilisant des drones. Alors que certains éléments indiquent que l’État islamique (EI) ait mené des programmes d’armes de destruction massive (ADM) et de drones en parallèle, rien ne démontre qu’il ait cherché à intégrer les deux. Les experts en sécurité devraient donc concentrer leur attention sur les utilisations empiriquement avérées des drones par des groupes armés non étatiques, ainsi que sur la pluralité des moyens par lesquels les drones peuvent contribuer aux activités de ces groupes. Deuxièmement, les travaux de recherche et de planification de la sécurité doivent se concentrer sur le danger précis que représentent les programmes de drones (par opposition à l’utilisation occasionnelle de drones) et sur le potentiel d’innovation dans l’utilisation des drones. Dans leur lutte contre les programmes de drones, les nations et les forces armées doivent rester concentrées sur l’innovation et l’adaptation. Elles doivent comprendre comment les organisations se développent sur les plans tactique, stratégique et technique. Le développement des drones n’est ni linéaire ni statique. Enfin, ce rapport démontre qu’il n’existe pas de parcours de développement unique concernant l’utilisation des drones par des entités non étatiques, ni de modèle préétabli que ces groupes chercheraient à suivre afin de renforcer leurs capacités. Chaque organisation utilise les drones de façon unique en fonction de son propre ensemble de paramètres logistiques, politiques et stratégiques ; les programmes de drones doivent donc être replacés dans le contexte plus large des moyens et opérations militaires de l’organisation. Par conséquent, les forces armées et les États confrontés aux programmes de drones doivent adopter une approche holistique. S’ils peuvent tirer des enseignements des pratiques existantes ayant connu des degrés divers de réussite dans la lutte contre les menaces liées aux drones et s’engager dans des actions préventives afin d’atténuer la portée des programmes de drones, les approches doivent envisager les programmes de drones non seulement comme une menace distincte et isolée, mais aussi comme une composante d’opérations, de stratégies et de processus de conflit militaires plus larges.
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Heredia, Blanca. The Political Economy of Reform of the Administrative Systems of Public Sector Personnel in Latin America: An Analytical Framework. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012273.

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This study develops a conceptual and analytical reference framework for the preparation of case studies on political determinants of the level of success of the reforms of the system of public-sector personnel in Latin America. Its main goal is to orient the empirical work toward the evaluation of the explanatory weights of the different structural, institutional and strategic variables that have a bearing on the ability of driving forces to initiate and sustain processes of change oriented toward improved efficiency, honesty and responsibility on the part of government employees. This document was commissioned by the Inter-American Development Bank as a Regional Policy Dialogue for the Public Policy Management and Transparency Network's 3rd Meeting on Civil Service Reform held on November 14th and 15th, 2002 in Washington, DC.
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Hurwitz, Zachary. Assessing the Risk of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Reservoirs. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009302.

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The objective of this technical note is to orient the IDB Group's Environmental Safeguards Specialists in their assessment and management of reservoir emissions risk. This note contains: (i) a summary of the current knowledge about reservoir emissions; (ii) a conceptual framework for the assessment of reservoir emissions risk; (iii) procedures for IDB Group Environmental Safeguards Specialists to follow in order to screen for reservoir emissions risk and to provide due diligence on borrower capacity; and (iv) a brief discussion of actions that the IDB may require of the borrower to mitigate and monitor reservoir emissions risk.
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Esquivel, Valeria, Ana Carolina Ogando, Ghida Ismail, Marcela Valdivia, Pranita Achyut, Nomancotsho Pakade, Gountiéni D. Lankoandé, and Ian Heffernan. Pourquoi la reprise après la Covid-19 doit être sexospécifique. Institute of Development Studies, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2022.002.

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Cette synthèse met en évidence les principaux enseignements tirés de la recherche menée dans le cadre de l’initiative Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) axée sur l’impact de la pandémie sur différents groupes vulnérables et sur la façon dont le genre recoupe et exacerbe souvent ces conséquences. Soutenu par le Centre de recherches pour le développement international (CRDI), CORE réunit 21 projets visant à comprendre les impacts socio-économiques de la pandémie, améliorer les interventions existantes et générer de meilleures options stratégiques pour la reprise. La recherche est principalement dirigée par des chercheurs locaux, des universités, des groupes de réflexion et des organisations de la société civile dans 42 pays d’Afrique, d’Asie, d’Amérique latine et du Moyen-Orient.
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Luoto, Jill, Mario Sánchez, Marco Stampini, Jonathan Cali, Diana M. Pinto, Frederico C. Guanais, Pablo Ibarrarán, and Katherine Grace Carman. Applying Behavioral Tools to the Design of Health Projects. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008508.

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This technical note discusses how behavioral economics insights can be used to enhance the design of health interventions, with emphasis on those addressing non-communicable diseases, by promoting behavioral changes. These interventions are neither sophisticated nor costly, and are particularly suited for cases in which individuals are seemingly not making rational choices about their health. The main contribution of this note is the attempt to orient non-expert practitioners in the analysis of the problem and design of the intervention. For this purpose, we provide a novel framework to map common behavioral biases and barriers that have limited the success of traditional interventions (i.e., bounded rationality, bounded willpower, and bounded selfishness) to the most promising solutions identified in the existing literature (e.g., framing, commitment contracts, and social incentives).
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