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Academic literature on the topic 'Organochlorine compounds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Organochlorine compounds"

1

Liu, Junyuan. "Detection, Treatment and Remediation for Organochlorines." MATEC Web of Conferences 386 (2023): 03016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338603016.

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Organochlorine pollutants are a class of compounds formed by combining chlorine atoms with carbon atoms, and common organochlorine pollutants include chloroform and hexachlorocyclohexane. These compounds are persistent and difficult to degrade, so they exist in the environment for a long time. Organochlorine pollutants pose serious hazards to both humans and the environment. As a result, reducing the release of organochlorine pollutants and strengthening monitoring are important measures to protect the environment and human health. Treatment methods for organochlorine pollutants include physical methods such as adsorption and membrane separation, chemical methods such as oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis, and biological treatment methods such as microbial degradation and biosorption. Treatment of organochlorine pollution has great benefits. Treatment of organochlorine pollution can reduce the harm caused by these pollutants to the environment, improve the quality of water and air, and reduce the hazards of human health. This paper will first discuss what organochlorines are, the types of organochlorines, and the hazards of organochlorines, then discuss how to detect organochlorine residues in water, soil, and air, and finally propose specific methods for dealing with organochlorines and remediation programs for organochlorine pollution in water and soil.

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Kolpakova, E. S., and A. V. Velyamidova. "Organochlorine compounds in subarctic small lakes." Arctic and Antarctic Research 66, no. 2 (July 10, 2020): 180–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30758/0555-2648-2020-66-2-180-197.

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The article presents the results of studies of the environmental properties of organochlorines which differ in properties and origin, in the lake ecosystems of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra (Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia). The purpose of this study was to evaluate and assess the levels, distribution characteristics and composition of organochlorines in the bottom sediments of small lakes located in the Adzva river basin in Pymvashor natural boundary (the northernmost location of the exit of thermal-mineral springs of the continental Europe) and in the adjacent area, outside this unique subarctic hydrothermal zone.In order to meet this goal, multi-method (hydrochemical, geochemical, etc.) research was carried out using standard generally approved laboratory practices with their adaptation to the study goals. The quantitative content and composition of the target individual organochlorines were determined by gas chromatographic method with electron-capture detection.The presence of chlorophenol compounds and polychlorinated benzenes (including persistent organic pollutants) was shown in the lakes sediments. The influence of specific microclimatic conditions of subarctic hydrothermal system on the composition and distribution of chlorophenol compounds in lake sediments was considered. In the small lake sediment core in Pymvashor natural boundary a reducing trend in the levels of organochlorines with depth has been recorded (conditioned among other things by the lithological features of bottom sediments). The chlorophenol compounds were found at highest concentrations (619.3–765.5 ng/g) in the sediment upper layers, rich in organic matter; chlorophenol composition was represented mainly by chlorinated phenols, most likely of biotic origin. A lower concentration (185.0 ng/g) of chlorophenol compounds of predominantly abiogenic origin was determined in the lake sediments outside hydrothermal system. The presence and levels of persistent organochlorine pollutants (pentachlorophenol 0.1–2.4 ng/g; hexa- and pentachlorobenzenes 0.4–3.6 ng/g) in the lake sediments were associated with long-range atmospheric transport from various origin sources in nearby regions and low-latitude territories.

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Pereira, J. C. V., M. P. Serbent, and E. Skoronski. "Application of immobilized mycelium-based pellets for the removal of organochlorine compounds: a review." Water Science and Technology 83, no. 8 (March 10, 2021): 1781–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.093.

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Abstract Organochlorines have diverse structures and applications and are included in the list of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) due to their toxicity and environmental persistence. The reduced capacity of conventional wastewater treatment plants to remove these compounds encourages the development of cost-effective and efficient remediation approaches. Fungal biotechnology can contribute to the development of these technologies through their enzymatic machinery but faces several drawbacks related to the use of dispersed mycelium. In this sense, investigations concerning the degradation of organochlorines using immobilized fungi demonstrated an increase in contaminant removal efficiency compared with degradation by free cells. Despite this interest, the mechanisms of immobilized fungi have not been comprehensively reviewed. In this paper, recent advances of laboratory and field studies in organochlorine compounds removal by fungi are reviewed, focusing on the role of immobilization techniques. Firstly, the mechanisms of organochlorines bioconversion by fungi and the factors affecting enzyme activity are elucidated and discussed in detail. Then, the main targeted compounds, fungi, technics, and materials used for immobilization are discussed, as well as their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, critical points for future studies of fungi immobilization for organochlorine removal are proposed.

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4

Donat-Vargas, Carolina, Tessa Schillemans, Hannu Kiviranta, Panu Rantakokko, Ulf de Faire, Juan Pedro Arrebola, Alicja Wolk, Karin Leander, and Agneta Åkesson. "Blood Levels of Organochlorine Contaminants Mixtures and Cardiovascular Disease." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 9 (September 12, 2023): e2333347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.33347.

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ImportanceCardiovascular toxic effects derived from high exposures to individual organochlorine compounds are well documented. However, there is no evidence on low but continuous exposure to combined organochlorine compounds in the general population.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of combined exposure to several organochlorine compounds, including organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls, with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective nested case–control study included data from 2 cohorts: the Swedish Mammography Cohort-Clinical (SMC-C) and the Cohort of 60-Year-Olds (60YO), with matched case-control pairs based on age, sex, and sample date. Baseline blood sampling occurred from November 2003 to September 2009 (SMC-C) and from August 1997 to March 1999 (60YO), with follow-up through December 2017 (SMC-C) and December 2014 (60YO). Participants with myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke were matched with controls for composite CVD evaluation. Data were analyzed from September 2020 to May 2023.ExposuresA total of 25 organochlorine compounds were measured in blood at baseline by gas chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. For 7 compounds, more than 75% of the samples were lower than the limit of detection and not included.Main Outcomes and MeasuresIncident cases of primary myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke were ascertained via linkage to the National Patient Register (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes I21 and I63). The quantile-based g-computation method was used to estimate the association between the combined exposure to several organochlorine compounds and composite CVD.ResultsOf 1528 included participants, 1024 (67.0%) were female, and the mean (SD) age was 72 (7.0) years in the SMC-C and 61 (0.1) years in the 60YO. The odds ratio of composite CVD was 1.71 (95% CI, 1.11-2.64) per 1-quartile increment of total organochlorine compounds mixture. Organochlorinated pesticides were the largest contributors, and β-hexachlorocyclohexane and transnonachlor had the highest impact. Most of the outcome was not explained by disturbances in the main cardiometabolic risk factors, ie, high body mass index, hypertension, lipid alteration, or diabetes.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this prospective nested case-control study, participants with higher exposures to organochlorines had an increased probability of experiencing a cardiovascular event, the major cause of death worldwide. Measures may be required to reduce these exposures.

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Taylor, W. D., J. H. Carey, D. R. S. Lean, and D. J. McQueen. "Organochlorine Concentrations in the Plankton of Lakes in Southern Ontario and Their Relationship to Plankton Biomass." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48, no. 10 (October 1, 1991): 1960–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f91-233.

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Hydrophobic organochlorine contaminants were surveyed in net plankton from 33 lakes in southern Ontario. Organochlorines were detected in all lakes. The relative concentrations of 12 common organochlorines were generally similar, suggesting that they derive from a common source, probably atmospheric transport. Variability in relative abundances of these contaminants increased with contaminant concentration, while contaminant concentration was related to plankton biomass, total phosphorus, and conductivity. Lakes with low plankton biomass had high organochlorine concentrations in that biomass, indicating that a large portion of the variation among lakes in the concentration of contaminants in plankton can be ascribed to variable planktonic biomass. This negative relationship with plankton biomass, or biomass dilution effect, was strongest for the more hydrophobic and refractory compounds.

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Brink, Nico W. Van Den, and Elze M. De Ruiter-Dijkman. "Trans-nonachlor, octachlorostyrene, mirex and photomirex in Antarctic seabirds." Antarctic Science 9, no. 4 (December 1997): 414–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102097000539.

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Octachlorostyrene (OCS) and trans-nonachlor (TNC) were detected in cape petrels (Daption capense) of King George Island, which tallies with their presence in samples of gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) of the Falkland Islands. The detection of TNC in a sample of the Antarctic southern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides) implies that the Antarctic region has been contaminated by this compound. Mirex and photomirex were also detected in samples of the cape petrels and southern fulmar, as well as in Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) from Hop Island. The ratios of the mirex and photomirex concentrations in the truly Antarctic species from different locations are similar, which suggests that these compounds are diffusely distributed over the continent. The detection of organochlorine pollutants in Antarctic seabirds is an indication that these compounds have a global distribution. Screening of subcutaneous fat of Antarctic seabirds for organochlorines provides an excellent indication of the occurrence of organochlorine pollutants in Antarctica, and as such an ‘early warning’ for the global dispersion of these compounds.

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Newsome, W. Harvey, and Paul Andrews. "Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners in Commercial Fish from the Great Lakes." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 76, no. 4 (July 1, 1993): 707–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/76.4.707.

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Abstract Fillets from 11 species of commercial fish from the Great Lakes were analyzed for residues of 39 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and 24 other organochlorine compounds. Eel and trout contained the highest amount of PCB (753 and 633 ppb wet weight, respectively) and other organochlorines (607 and 1404 ppb, respectively); perch and carp contained the lowest residues. The pentaand hexachlorinated PCBs were the major congeners in all species except whitefish, in which the tetrachlorinated congeners predominated. Toxaphene was the most abundant organochlorine pesticide in trout; p,p′ -DDE was the major component of this class in eel. Residue concentrations in commercial carp were compared with residues present in carp from a fishery closed to commercial operation. Although both PCB and organochlorine pesticide levels in carp were among the lowest for all commercial fish samples, levels from the contaminated area were among the highest.

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Abelson, P. "Chlorine and organochlorine compounds." Science 265, no. 5176 (August 26, 1994): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.7802780.

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Neilsen, A. "Biodegradation of organochlorine compounds." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 37, no. 1-2 (January 1996): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0964-8305(96)84331-9.

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Solomon, K. R. "Chlorine in the Bleaching of Pulp and Paper." Pure and Applied Chemistry 68, no. 9 (September 30, 1996): 1721–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac199668091721.

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The pulp and paper industry in Canada contributes significant effluent discharges to surface and marine waters. Chlorine and chlorine compounds are used in the bleaching of pulp. A large number of organochlorine chemicals of widely differing properties are, or have been, produced from this bleaching. These range from the highly hydrophobic, persistent and bioaccumulative toxic substances, such as 2,3,7,8-TCDD, to the higher molecular weight, non-hydrophobic material usually characterized by absorbable organic halogen. Chlorine dioxide and chlorine react with lignin by different chemical processes and produce different organochlorine products. Use of molecular chlorine as a bleaching agent results in the formation and release of chlorinated organic compounds, sometimes at concentrations that present an unacceptable risk to the receiving environment and the food chain. Alternatives to the use of molecular chlorine, such as chlorine dioxide, result in reductions in the quantities of organochlorines produced, and the degree of chlorine substitution in the organochlorines formed. This, in turn, leads to reduced persistence, reduced potential for bioaccumulation and food chain transfer, reduced toxicity and reductions in adverse ecological effects. However, sufficient evidence exists from responses observed at non-bleached mills to show that other (probably non-halogenated) compounds are released or formed during the production of pulp and cause responses such as induction of MFOs, changes in hormone levels, and reproductive effects.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Organochlorine compounds"

1

Meyer, Randall John. "Catalytic dechlorination." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3034986.

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Tabellion, Gayle A. "Determination of selected organochlorine compounds in air and water from Youngstown, Ohio /." Connect to online version, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1989/3572.

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Özer, Serdar Sofuoğlu Aysun. "Measurement Of Henry's Law Constant Of Organochlorinated Pesticides/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2005. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/kimyamuh/T000344.pdf.

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Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, 2005.
Keywords: Organic pollutants, thermodynamic properties, Henry's law constant, Organochlorinated pesticides. Includes bibliographical references (leaves. (leaves. 49-53).

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James, Donny Lawrence. "Biochemical dechlorination of hexachloro-1,3-butadiene /." Murdoch University Digital Theses Program, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20100216.212048.

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Fang, Jing. "Prenatal exposure to organochlorine pesticides and its association with birth outcomes." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/673.

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Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were extensively applied in agriculture, industry and public health programs for decades. Based on the persistence and the lipophilicity of OCPs, these chemicals are ubiquitous in the environment and can be accumulated in fatty tissues of animals through the food chain. Even being restricted for years, OCPs are still detected in human bodies. In this thesis, analytical methods for the determination of OCPs were developed and applied for the analysis of cord serum samples. The evaluation of prenatal exposure to OCPs and its effects on birth outcomes as well as the postnatal growth were investigated. Due to the toxicology and carcinogenesis, biomonitoring of the OCP exposure to human is needed. Therefore, an analytical method with high sensitivity and specificity is required to detect OCPs at trace levels in serum. We compared two data acquisition modes of mass spectrometry (MS), namely selected ion monitoring (SIM) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Higher sensitivity and selectivity were achieved by MRM because the background noise was reduced by lowering the matrix effects. Different ionization techniques, including electron ionization (EI), chemical ionization (CI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) were evaluated. The EI source is a universal ionization technique available with the MS library for the compound identification. The negative chemical ionization (NCI) is more suitable to analyze compounds with high electronegativity. The novel ionization technique APCI was coupled to gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The APCI source was evaluated by terms of ionization and fragmentation performance. APCI was a soft ionization technique generating molecular ions with high intensity. The selectivity and sensitivity of APCI were comparable or better than the EI source. As one of the largest consumers and producers of OCPs, China has suffered severe OCP pollution. Previous monitoring studies reported detectable levels of OCPs in human bodies. However, studies concerning the prenatal exposure to OCPs in China are limited. Due to the vulnerability of fetuses, the effects of prenatal exposure to OCPs could be more severe than those of adults. We collected cord serum samples during the delivery period in Wuhan, China and measured the OCP concentrations to assess the prenatal exposure by using GC-MS/MS. Compared with other areas in China, the OCP levels in Wuhan were comparable in this population. The identified predominant OCPs were β-HCH and p,p'- DDE, with geometric means of 8.67 and 33.9 ng/g lipid, respectively. Slight positive associations were found between α-HCH and β-HCH, and between o,p′- DDT and p,p′-DDT, which indicated similar exposure source of these chemicals. The obtained results showed that HCH levels were associated with maternal age, body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy, education levels, and passive smoking. Associations between the prenatal exposure of OCPs and birth outcomes were investigated. The sex-specific relationships between the OCP exposure and birth size were indicated. Concentrations of β-HCH were inversely associated with birth weight and ponderal index for boys, while for girls these associations were not significant. Our results suggested that the prenatal exposure to OCPs exerted negative effects on the fetal growth, and precautions should be taken even though the OCP levels were relatively low.

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Jung, Grace Lorena. "Thermal rearrangement of functionalized 6-exo-(1-alkenyl)bicyclo\3.1.0]hex-2-enes application to the total synthesis of (+)-sinularene." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25806.

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This thesis describes firstly, a study involving the thermal rearrangement of substituted 6-e̲x̲o̲-(1-alkenyl) bicyclo-[3.1.0]hexenes, and secondly, the application of this type of transformation to a total synthesis of (±)-sinularene (1̲2̲5̲). The 6-e̲x̲o̲-(1-alkenyl)bicyclo[3.1.0]hexenes (1̲8̲7̲, 1̲8̲9̲, 1̲9̲2̲, 1̲9̲4̲, 2̲4̲0̲, 2̲7̲4̲ and 340) were prepared and thermolyzed in sealed tubes to afford the corresponding bicyclo[3.2.1]octa-2,6-dienes (1̲8̲8̲, 1̲9̲0̲, 1̲9̲3̲, 1̲9̲5̲, 2̲4̲1̲, 2̲7̲6̲ and 3̲4̲1̲) in generally excellent yields. With the exception of 1̲9̲0̲, the thermolysis products were subjected to acid-catalyzed hydrolysis to give the respective bicyclo[3.2.1]octenones. From this study, it is clear that a) the Cope rearrangement of substrates, such as 2̲7̲4̲ and 3̲4̲0̲, containing even sterically bulky substituents on the 6-alkenyl side chain presents a viable means of generating functionalized bicyclo [ 3.2.1] octa-2 , 6-dienes, b) this methodology provides for the placement of synthetically useful functionalities on any of the carbon bridges of the bicyclo-[3.2.1]octane skeleton, and c) the transformations 2̲4̲0̲→2̲4̲1̲ and 2̲7̲4̲→2̲7̲6̲ provide strong evidence for the stereospecificity of the rearrangement process. In the total synthesis of (±)-sinularene (1̲2̲5̲), the key step involved the thermal rearrangement of 3̲2̲2̲ to afford the bicyclo[3.2.1]octadiene 3̲2̲1̲. The compound 3̲2̲2̲̲ was readily prepared as follows. 1-Lithio-3-methyl-1-butyne was treated with methacrolein to furnish the allylic alcohol 3̲3̲1̲, which was transformed into the ester 3̲3̲2̲ v̲i̲a̲ an orthoester Claisen rearrangement (hot triethyl .orthoacetate, propionic acid). Hydrolysis of the ester 3̲3̲2̲, followed by reaction of the resultant acid with oxalyl chloride in refluxing hexane gave the corresponding acid chloride 3̲3̲4̲. Treatment of 3̲3̲4̲ with a cold, ethereal solution of diazomethane afforded the diazo ketone 3̲3̲5̲, which in the presence of copper (II) acetoacetonate in refluxing benzene, underwent an intramolecular carbenoid cyclization to furnish the bicyclic ketone 3̲3̲6̲. Semihydrogenation of 3̲3̲6̲ using Lindlar’s catalyst gave stereoselectively the c̲i̲s̲-alkenyl ketone 3̲3̲7̲. The enone 3̲3̲8̲ was obtained by oxidizing the trimethylsilyl enol ether of 3̲3̲7̲ using palladium (II) acetate in acetonitrile. When the enone 3̲3̲8̲ was treated with lithium divinylcuprate, the two epimeric products 3̲3̲9̲ and 3̲4̲6̲ were obtained in a ratio of 9:1, respectively, and were sus-sequently separated by column chromatography. Trapping the lithium enolate of 3̲3̲9̲ with t̲-butyldimethylsilyl chloride led to the required enol ether 3̲3̲2̲. Thermolysis (220°C, sealed tube) of 3̲3̲2̲ in benzene produced exclusively in 86% yield the desired bicyclic triene 3̲2̲1̲. Subjection of 3̲2̲1̲ to hydroboration using disiamylborane gave, after oxidative workup, the alcohol 3̲4̲7̲, which on treatment with p̲-toluenesulfonyl chloride in the presence of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, afforded the ketone 3̲4̲9̲. Successive hydrogenation of 3̲4̲9̲ and Wittig olefination of the resultant ketone 2̲8̲0̲ completed the total synthesis of (±)-sinularene (1̲2̲5̲). [formula omitted]
Science, Faculty of
Chemistry, Department of
Graduate

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Rylander, Lars. "Dietary exposure to persistent organochlorine compounds and health effects in women and their infants epidemiological studies on birthweight, cancer incidence and mortality /." Lund : Dept. of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 1997. http://books.google.com/books?id=rgFrAAAAMAAJ.

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Sheehan, Emily Moore. "Time-weighted average solid-phase microextraction (TWA-SPME) for in-planta detection of chlorinated solvents." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Sheehan_09007dcc8067c9a4.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed June 16, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-66).

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Waldemer, Rachel H. "Determination of the rate of contaminant oxidations by permanganate : implications for in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) /." Full text open access at:, 2004. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,20.

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Yuan, Tao 1968. "Dechlorination of environmentally recalcitrant chlorinated aromatic compounds." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79208.

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Chlorinated aromatic compounds are an important group of compounds. Many of them have been produced in large quantities and they are indispensable to technological and societal benefits. But regulatory agencies have tightened regulations on the use and release of chlorinated aromatic compounds because of the scientific understanding of their toxicity, persistence, behavior in the environment and their potential to cause adverse effects on the ecosystem and human health.
Pentachlorophenol (PCP), octachloronaphthalene and decachlorobiphenyl are all highly chlorinated aromatic compounds, of which, PCP has been used mainly as a biocide. Octachloronaphthalene and decachlorobiphenyl don't have practical use, but their congeners have been used widely as chemicals in industry. These compounds are toxic, recalcitrant and bio-accumulated within organisms. As the conventional treatment, incineration of these compounds can cause more serious problems, so that suitable alternatives need to be developed for their detoxification.
When compared with biodegradation or the thermal treatment of these compounds, chemical degradations have several merits. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Books on the topic "Organochlorine compounds"

1

Kalkhoff, S. J. Organochlorine compounds in a sediment core from Coralville reservoir, Iowa. Iowa City, Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.

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Schumacher, John G. Assessment of subsurface chlorinated solvent contamination using tree cores at the Front Street site and a former dry cleaning facility at the Riverfront Superfund Site, New Haven, Missouri, 1999-2003. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004.

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Rochkind-Dubinsky, Melissa L. Microbial decomposition of chlorinated aromatic compunds. Cincinnati, Ohio: Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1986.

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Maret, Terry R. Organochlorine compounds in fish tissue and bed sediment in the upper Snake River Basin, Idaho and western Wyoming, 1992-94. Boise, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.

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Moring, J. Bruce. Occurrence and distribution of organochlorine compounds in biological tissue and bed sediment from streams in the Trinity River basin, Texas, 1992-93. Austin, Tex: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.

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Coles, James F. Organochlorine compounds in fish tissue from the Connecticut, Housatonic, and Thames River basins study unit, 1992-94. Marlborough, Mass: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

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Blus, Lawrence J. Further interpretation of the relation of organochlorine residues in brown pelican eggs to reproductive success. Corvallis, Or: US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1985.

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Coles, James F. Organochlorine compounds in fish tissue from the Connecticut, Housatonic, and Thames River basins study unit, 1992-94. Marlborough, Mass: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

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), Organochlorines Programme (N Z. Concentrations of selected organochlorines in the serum of the non-occupationally exposed New Zealand population. Wellington, N.Z: Organochlorines Programme, Ministry for the Environment, 2001.

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Roots, Ott. Toxic chlororganic compounds in the ecosystem of the Baltic Sea. Tallinn: Eesti Vabariigi Keskkonnaministeerium Info-ja Tehnokeskus, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Organochlorine compounds"

1

Schäfer, Wolfgang R., and Hans Peter Zahradnik. "Organochlorine Compounds and Xenoestrogens in Human Endometrium." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 5–8. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0089-0_2.

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Bajpai, Pratima, and Pramod K. Bajpai. "Reduction of organochlorine compounds in bleach plant effluents." In Biotechnology in the Pulp and Paper Industry, 213–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0102076.

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Eggenkamp, Hans. "Isotope Fractionation Related to Organochlorine and Organobromine Compounds." In The Geochemistry of Stable Chlorine and Bromine Isotopes, 101–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28506-6_9.

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Krauthacker, Blanka, and Elsa Reiner. "Intake of Organochlorine Compounds and Levels in Population Groups." In Chemical Safety, 157–70. Weinheim, Germany: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527616039.ch11.

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Gómez, M. J., M. A. Martínez-Uroz, M. M. Gómez-Ramos, A. Agüera, and A. R. Fernández-Alba. "Analysis of Organochlorine Endocrine-Disrupter Pesticides in Food Commodities." In Analysis of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Food, 75–125. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118346747.ch4.

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Eggenkamp, Hans. "Isotope Variations of Organochlorine and Organobromine Compounds in Natural Environments." In The Geochemistry of Stable Chlorine and Bromine Isotopes, 153–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28506-6_13.

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Wärngard, L., Y. Bager, Y. Kato, K. Kenne, and U. G. Ahlborg. "Mechanistical studies of the inhibition of intercellular communication by organochlorine compounds." In Toxicology - From Cells to Man, 149–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61105-6_16.

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Benoliel, M. J., M. P. Pestana, and M. C. Caleiro. "Organochlorine Compounds in Water, Sediments and Bivalves from Ria Formosa (Portugal)." In Organic Micropollutants in the Aquatic Environment, 417–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3356-2_47.

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Malisch, Rainer, Karin Kypke, Benjamin Dambacher, Björn Hardebusch, Ralf Lippold, F. X. Rolaf van Leeuwen, Gerald Moy, and Angelika Tritscher. "WHO- and UNEP-Coordinated Exposure Studies 2000–2019: Findings of Organochlorine Pesticides and Industrial Chemicals." In Persistent Organic Pollutants in Human Milk, 249–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34087-1_8.

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AbstractThe concentrations of a number of organochlorine pesticides and related chemicals and two organochlorine industrial chemicals were determined in 163 pooled human milk samples from 82 countries from all United Nations regions. These countries participated in one or more of the five exposure studies on persistent organic pollutants coordinated by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme between 2000 and 2019. The compounds included were aldrin, chlordane, chlordecone, DDT, dicofol, dieldrin, endosulfan, endrin, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, hexachlorocyclohexanes, mirex, pentachlorobenzene, pentachlorophenol/pentachloroanisole, and toxaphene.Large differences were found for DDT with the highest concentrations found in Africa. However, the median levels of the DDT concentrations of all samples show a decrease of 72% from the 2000–2003 period to the 2016–2019 period, with considerable differences between regions. Due to metabolization of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCH) in humans, the concentrations of alpha-HCH and gamma-HCH were below the limit of quantification in most human milk samples. The ranges of beta-HCH found in the five periods varied considerably among UN regions, with a maximum found in 2002 in the Asia subgroup of the Asia-Pacific region. A decrease of the median concentrations of all samples of 91% was found from the 2000–2003 period to the 2016–2019 period. In comparison with DDT and beta-HCH, the ranges for hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were much lower with a maximum found in the samples from Eastern Europe. Other organochlorine pesticides and contaminants and their metabolites were found mostly in ranges of low background contamination; some were below the limits of quantification.

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Czaja, Katarzyna, Jan K. Ludwicki, Mark G. Robson, Katarzyna Góralczyk, Pawel Struci | ski, and Brian Buckley. "Concentration of Persistent Organochlorine Compounds in the Placenta and Milk of the Same Women." In ACS Symposium Series, 284–91. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2001-0772.ch021.

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Conference papers on the topic "Organochlorine compounds"

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Casas, Maribel, Alicia Abellan, Raquel Garcia, Maties Torrent, Céline Roda, Mireia Gascón, Amparo Ferrero, et al. "Prenatal exposure to organochlorine compounds and lung function until early adulthood." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa5015.

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Shen, H., K. M. Main, A. M. Andersson, I. N. Damgaard, H. E. Virtanen, N. E. Skakkebaek, J. Toppari, and K. W. Schramm. "Infant exposure to persistent organochlorine compounds is higher in Denmark than in Finland." In ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/etox080051.

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Lloyd, Javier, Jorge Olmos, Ana Gonzalez, Cecilio Hernandez, Euclides Deago, Arthur James, Elizabeth Salazar, and Kathia Broce. "Occurrence of Organochlorine Compounds in Biosolids from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Panama City." In 2022 8th International Engineering, Sciences and Technology Conference (IESTEC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iestec54539.2022.00100.

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Abellan, Alicia, Raquel Garcia, Céline Roda, Mireia Gascón, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Martine Vrijheid, Amparo Ferrero, et al. "OP V – 1 Prenatal exposure to organochlorine compounds and lung function until early adulthood." In ISEE Young 2018, Early Career Researchers Conference on Environmental Epidemiology – Together for a Healthy Environment, 19–20 March 2018, Freising, Germany. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-iseeabstracts.22.

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Sari, Ajeng Arum, Novita Ariani, Sanro Tachibana, and Yanni Sudiyani. "Ligninolytic enzymes production for degradation of organochlorine compound by Trametes versicolor U80." In TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT: FROM BASIC TO APPLIED RESEARCH: Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4953477.

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Reports on the topic "Organochlorine compounds"

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Organochlorine compounds in fish tissue from the Connecticut, Housatonic, and Thames River basins study unit, 1992-94. US Geological Survey, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri984075.

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Organochlorine compounds in streambed sediment and in biological tissue from streams and their relations to land use, central Arizona. US Geological Survey, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri004041.

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Organochlorine compounds in fish tissue and bed sediment in the upper Snake River basin, Idaho and western Wyoming, 1992-94. US Geological Survey, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri974080.

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Organochlorine compounds and trace elements in fish tissue and bed sediments in the lower Snake River basin, Idaho and Oregon. US Geological Survey, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri984103.

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Investigation of the distribution of organochlorine and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in the Lower Columbia River using semipermeable-membrane devices. US Geological Survey, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri994051.

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Occurrence of organochlorine compounds in whole fish tissue from streams of the lower Susquehanna River Basin, Pennsylvania and Maryland, 1992. US Geological Survey, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri994065.

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Trace elements and organochlorine compounds in bed sediment and fish tissue at selected sites in New Jersey streams--sources and effects. US Geological Survey, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri994235.

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Organochlorine compounds and trace elements in fish tissue and streambed sediment in the Mobile River Basin, Alabama, Mississippi, and Georgia, 1998. US Geological Survey, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri024160.

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Occurrence and Distribution of Organochlorine Compounds in Biological Tissue and Bed Sediment From Streams in the Trinity River Basin, Texas, 1992-93. US Geological Survey, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri974057.

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Water-quality assessment of part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin: Organochlorine compounds in streambed sediments and fish tissues, 1995-97. US Geological Survey, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri20004213.

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