Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Organizations et institutions'
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Bertina, Ludovic-Pierre. "La « conversion » écologiste de l’Eglise catholique en France : sociologie politique de l’appropriation du référent écologiste par une institution religieuse." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP023/document.
Full textThe publication of Pope Francis’ encyclical Laudato Si’ contributed to the exposure of the Catholic Church’s “conversion” to ecology. By analysing this emerging movement in the French context, we want to single out the structural effects of the assimilation of environmental concern by a religious institution. Three levels of analysis will be followed: a philosophical, an individual and an institutional one. The first step will evaluate the papal line on ecology, the second will focus on the identity of Catholic ecologist activists, and the third one will assess the scope of the Church’s ecological movement. On each of these aspects, the Catholic Church reach a compromise with postmodern society, emphasizing the need for a spiritualization of ecological stakes, which values relationship at the expense of individualism. Legitimized by the Vatican, the Catholic ecological movement is organized around local initiatives under the soft control of the episcopate. However, this autonomy acquired by the activists doesn’t weaken the hierarchy of the Church, since militants find an advantage in preserving the image of an institution capable of responding to the uncertainties caused by our societies. The Church “conversion” to ecology thus generates an individualization of militant commitment along with institutional involvement in environmental controversies. These contrary motions certainly promote the institutionalization of environmental concern. Nevertheless, this “conversion” will only be effective if the Church is incorporated within the framework of a quest for greater consistency, where policy making will be as important as the value of spirituality
Angot, Sylvère. "La "modernisation de l'Etat", indifférente à l'expertise des services en territoires : la réforme de l'Administration Territoriale de l'Etat dans les domaines de la Cohésion sociale et du Développement durable (2009-2015)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC2004.
Full textThe "modernization of the State" is a recurring theme of successive country leaders. The Reform of the State Territorial Administration (2010) is bringing about a lasting change in the organization of the State administration and decentralized services. Here we show its contradictory dynamics. First, the reform is based on certain objectives and tools of new public management (Hood 1981) : performance of public action, reduction of costs and staff, mergers of services, sharing of support functions, development of agencies, and digitization of public services. However, it neglects other principles of this doctrine : territorial expertise, evaluation of public action, territorial nodality, collection of information on social issues, and bottom-up feedback. The reform strengthens the decentralized regional level, which is in charge of steering, leading, coordinating, observing and evaluating public policies (in particular the DREALs and DRJSCSs). But development of this rare, high-level expertise faces many challenges : training civil servants to carry out these new missions, uncertainty generated by the dissociation between regional (maintained under ministerial supervision) and departmental (supervised more closely by the prefecture) decentralized services, competition for legitimacy between weakened decentralized services, strengthened agencies (notably in their budgetary prerogatives) and territorial authorities benefiting from transfers of competencies. “Déconcentration” appears to be declining in the French system, while the links between the State and local decentralized authorities are underused. Finally, the reform conveys a deeply institutional, centralized vision and methods : with negotiations at the top of the State, top-down application logic, short timescales, strengthening of prefectoral supervision, hierarchical coordination, and institutional isomorphism. Focused on the institutional project, the reorganization excludes a reflection on local expertise, professional content of projects, and partisan mutual adaptation between stakeholders. There have been successive reforms, which have had a lasting impact on the sense of action and autonomy of professional groups in the field, causing many agents to suffer, and leaving the services in uncertain and transitory situations. It is therefore doubtful that the overall objective of public performance of the reform will be achieved. Our analysis of public sector work is based on a triple focus on institutions, organizations and professions. Thus, we show that the concrete work of the agents of these merged decentralized services has been overlooked in the reforms. This thesis illuminates the current situation of tensions in the administrative field, between the "modernization" carried out by the executive government, the Ministry of the Budget, the "Nobility of the State" (high ranking officials) on the one hand; and on the other hand, the competition between various sectoral ministries and territorial services to maintain their functions and their vision of the State. Here we use three public policy analyses to address this issue. In the new field of "social cohesion", we show that the convergence of sheltering and access to housing policies for disadvantaged people is mainly carried out at the departmental level (the case of Ile-de-France is not studied). Our study of the elimination of the Popular Education and Youth Adviser role (CEPJ) raises the question of how knowledge and expertise can be maintained in advising and communication about territorial issues within the State. The case of housing energy renovation policies presents a complex landscape, located between several public policy sectors (housing, energy-climate, industry, and social policies), clearly illustrating the difficulty inherent in coordinating the many existing national and local mechanisms in the field of "sustainable development" or "energy transition"
Vianès, Emmanuel. "Entre guerre et paix : les Administrations Internationales Post-Belligérantes." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30075.
Full textBeside peace operations, the concept of international post-belligerent (post-conflict) administration is a particular form of territorial administration in international relations. In exceptional situations, an international Authority is set up during transitional periods that fluctuate between war and peace to settle territorial disputes and/or problems of governance. The basis of this type of political institution is that an international actor has responsibility for the temporary administration of a territory in a post-belligerent situation, that it discharges that function in the interest of the population and of international society, that it juxtaposes the international and internal legal orders, that it establishes joint governance structures and that it can act in international relations on behalf of the territory it administers. Studying this concept entails establishing the connection between public international law and international relations so that one can dissect the “idea” and determine an approach. In practice, experimentation in the realm of international post-belligerent (post-conflict) administration comprises a plenary phase, partnership and local ownership of the process and has as its end-purpose the building of a bridge between the impact of statism in the international system and the propagation of the norms of international society. This is demonstrated in the light of the developments in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo and East Timor
Leterme, Cédric. "Hégémonie et recontextualisation discursives du néolibéralisme :Analyse lexicométrique de 40 ans de rapports annuels de l’OCDE, de la Banque mondiale et de l’OIT." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/244588.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Taïbouni, Amina. "Les organisations internationales et la gouvernance dans la région Moyen-Orient et Afrique du Nord : entre perception et réalité : le cas de l'Algérie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2019. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=1041&f=21730.
Full textWith the evolution of the concept of governance in the discourse of international organizations as a guideline, we show that this concept carried by the World Bank, despite the neoliberal ideology that animates it, has brought a lot in terms of development. Given that governance is presented as a universal solution, allowing economic growth and human development, indicators have been created to measure its quality. Based on an analysis of the methodology of construction and evaluation of the main indicators of governance and institutions created: Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA), worldwide governance indicators (WGI) of the World Bank, the index of economic freedom of the Heritage Foundation, and the corruption perceptions index (CPI) of Transparency International, we prove that these measurement tools, despite their wide distribution, have shortcomings in their construction and use. These are mostly perception cues and as such, they remain imperfect, inaccurate and some are biased. International assessments of governance in Middle East and North Africa region countries, and particularly in Algeria, are mitigated. They point out both the delays reported and the progress made in the various areas of assessed governance. The analysis of the international assessment of governance in Algeria allowed us, on the one hand, to update the inaccuracy of the governance scores attributed to Algeria, the limits of perception of the experts, the ideological bias of certain indicators that reflects on Algeria's rankings and the gap between the scores and the reality on the ground; on the other hand, by comparing the evaluations of the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Algeria, we show that the latter approach, local and participative, is the most appropriate in the Algerian context. UNDP Algeria in fact, is working in the field, which makes its analyses closer to reality. Beyond the insufficiencies of their tools, international assessments express in general terms the state of governance in Algeria on its negative aspects as well as positive. Thus, progress in the field of human rights or human development is welcomed by international institutions. Whether positive or negative, their assessments have a positive impact as they encourage the public authorities to further improve certain areas such as the business climate even if there are still aspects of governance where efforts need to be pursued like transparency in management of public affairs and anti-corruption struggle
Dahmani, Taous Rose. "Faire scène : stratégies d'émergence et d'institutionnalisation des photographes noirs britanniques dans la longue décennie 80." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA01H082.
Full textDuring the long 1980s, non-white photographers and Black women photographers imagined forms of opposition to a milieu that consistently ignored them. Individually and collectively, Black photographers challenged continual denial with gestures of resistance. Together, and on their own they made their scene. Instigators of a multitude of acts, they became the agents of their being recognised as artist-photographers. The scene produced an empowerment which in turn shaped that scene. This thesis recounts the strategies they put in place to challenge the status quo. The creation of this scene occurred through two fundamental axes: firstly publications; and secondly exhibitions. In the first place, the study of printed matter reveals the mechanisms of exclusion and inclusion of these individuals, and indicates their essential role in encounters, exchanges, experimentation, debate, theoretical elaboration and the display of visual productions. To this end, we examine three photographers' magazines: Camerawork, Ten.8 and Polareyes; and comment on the absence of photographers' books. In the second place, our study of the need to show work on walls, through exhibitions, enables us to identify a "Do It-Yourself" attitude in which artists become curators and coordinators of spaces. The thesis concludes on the institutionalization of the scene through the history of the Association of Black Photographers as an organization. Our pivot is the emergence of a scene despite a society opposed to it, and tells the story of its slow inclusion in the world of British photography in the second half of the 20th century
Sami, Dandachi Salam. "La fabrication des stratégies dans un contexte pluraliste : le cas du Conseil économique et social du Liban." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL2001.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to understand strategizing in pluralistic contexts. Our research is based on the literature of pluralistic organizations (Dutton & Dukerich, 1991; Gioia & Chittepeddi, 1991; Golden-Biddle & Rao, 1997, Ashforth & Mael, 1996; Hatch & Schultz, 1997; Silva, 2010) and the strategy-as-practice approach (Whittington, 2003; Jarzabkowsky, 2003, 2004; Golsorkhi & al., 2010; Johnson & al., 2010). This research addresses the gap in the literature discussing the relationship between the multiplicity of organizational identities and strategizing. Thus, our thesis operates an interpretativist research design and conducts a one case study: the Economic and Social Council of Lebanon. This institutional constitution has two organizational identities: the identity of a negotiation place and the identity of an expertise one. Due to the novelty of the research field and the context studied, we have chosen to apply the grounded theory methodology advocated by Glaser and Strauss. We show that the pluralism influence strategizing in three ways: 1) by the "referentialization" which means the operationalization of the system of values through an "initiation" and "reinforcement strategy", 2) by the identity "regulation" which consists of managing organizational identities for strategic purposes through a "legitimation strategy" and 3) by the identity "negociation" following an institutional crisis and which leads to a "survival strategy". We have also concluded the evolution of this influence with the evolution of the institutional context of the organization: it is weak at the initiation phase (birth) but increases with the growth of the organization and especially in periods of "perturbation". These periods lead to a breakdown in the praxis of practitioners: if the breakdown is weak, the management of organizational identities become a strategic practice, if the breakdown is significant, the organizational identities become lenses trough which practitioners craft their particular definitions of the organizational core capabilities which influence their strategic choice and praxis
Sami, Dandachi Salam. "La fabrication des stratégies dans un contexte pluraliste : le cas du Conseil économique et social du Liban." Thesis, Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL2001.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to understand strategizing in pluralistic contexts. Our research is based on the literature of pluralistic organizations (Dutton & Dukerich, 1991; Gioia & Chittepeddi, 1991; Golden-Biddle & Rao, 1997, Ashforth & Mael, 1996; Hatch & Schultz, 1997; Silva, 2010) and the strategy-as-practice approach (Whittington, 2003; Jarzabkowsky, 2003, 2004; Golsorkhi & al., 2010; Johnson & al., 2010). This research addresses the gap in the literature discussing the relationship between the multiplicity of organizational identities and strategizing. Thus, our thesis operates an interpretativist research design and conducts a one case study: the Economic and Social Council of Lebanon. This institutional constitution has two organizational identities: the identity of a negotiation place and the identity of an expertise one. Due to the novelty of the research field and the context studied, we have chosen to apply the grounded theory methodology advocated by Glaser and Strauss. We show that the pluralism influence strategizing in three ways: 1) by the "referentialization" which means the operationalization of the system of values through an "initiation" and "reinforcement strategy", 2) by the identity "regulation" which consists of managing organizational identities for strategic purposes through a "legitimation strategy" and 3) by the identity "negociation" following an institutional crisis and which leads to a "survival strategy". We have also concluded the evolution of this influence with the evolution of the institutional context of the organization: it is weak at the initiation phase (birth) but increases with the growth of the organization and especially in periods of "perturbation". These periods lead to a breakdown in the praxis of practitioners: if the breakdown is weak, the management of organizational identities become a strategic practice, if the breakdown is significant, the organizational identities become lenses trough which practitioners craft their particular definitions of the organizational core capabilities which influence their strategic choice and praxis
Barrera, Ramirez Luis Martin. "Apprentissage et développement des compétences au sein des institutions hospitalières de la province du yucatan mexique." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU2005/document.
Full textThis investigation was motivated by the interest of understanding change processes in organizations and the way in which competencies affect the health sector, particularly a hospital in Yucatan. This work had the intention of modifying the actual situation that I have experimented as an author and that actually exist in organizations about how to better face change and how competencies contribute to the achievement of the organization goals. At the same time, this work seeks to demonstrate how change affects organizations regarding resistance to change factors and the situations that provoke change processes. We also show how competencies may be learnt in a health institution (case study) and we define the competencies that propitiate change and innovation in a concrete health institution in Yucatan. Last, recommendations and suggestions are proposed in order to improve the performance of the organization. For this research work, investigation-action was used, as well as techniques like participative observation, data triangulation and case study. This investigation work and its results should be used in future investigation works as a basis for designing a model for competencies development that promote change and innovation in a health institution (case study)
Javicoli, Vincent. "Construire des souverainetés hybrides ? : problématisation et heuristiques gestionnaires pour concevoir et accompagner des peocessus de gouvernement par la discussion." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30003.
Full textDriven by reasons specific to their history or identity, or driven by complex problems, organizations may at times decide to engage in processes of “government by discussion”. These processes will take the shape of dispositive enabling stakeholders from various backgrounds to contribute to a political-strategic work whereby they imagine more desirable and feasible worlds, by which they may confront and compose between their experiences and affects within more or less instrumented spaces for discussion, sharing, controversies, collective wording and enacting: namely processes of “semantics building”.Taking the point of view of a consultant, the final aim of this work will be to suggest markers useful for the designing and accompanying of such processes. Avoiding traps of idealist illusions as well as those of pseudo-pragmatism, processes of “semantics building” must be designed bearing in mind the particular idea of regeneration of hybrid sovereignties, towards objects which exceed the capacities to think and act of stakeholders within the institutionalized organizational and political compromises. Aiming at going beyond the current tendencies of liquefaction of institutions, the underlying axiology of such design heuristics relies on the idea that the regeneration of institutions implies the instrumentation of a dynamic capacity to launch political-strategic work geared towards the emergence of organizational and political rhythms of a higher quality. Processes of “semantics building” then appear as the triggers of dynamics of collective action whereby more fruitful sovereignties can be instituted
Pinzon, Correa Juan David. "La fabrication d'un contexte institutionnel favorable à la confiance inter-organisationnelle au sein d'une méta-organisation : étude de deux clusters des industries culturelles et créatives en France et au Canada." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0499.
Full textThe aim of the research is to understand how the actors involved in the governance of a meta-organization intervene in the emergence and maintenance of an institutional context favorable to trust in inter-organizational relations (IOR). Following a qualitative approach, we carried out two embedded case studies of clusters operating within the cultural and creative industries in France and Canada. Regarding the French case, we highlighted the difficulties of trust and later work by some actors aimed at adopting new boundaries that involves new sectors, which included the search for conciliation between economic needs and the spirit of artistic creation. As for the Canadian case, we highlighted the initial climate not propitious to trust and the subsequent institutionalization work of the idea that the cluster acts in the interest of the whole industry. We propose a conceptual framework to analyze the practices of creating and maintaining an institutional environment favorable to trust in IOR, within a structurational perspective (recursive relation institutions/action). We distinguish dimensions of the context, and two types of practices: of “activation” (actors intentionally call upon institutional elements considered as relevant to trust in the current interaction); and of "structuration" (actors gradually structure the institutional bases of trust for current and future interactions). In the conclusion, we propose elements for a "trust-related competence" as a capacity related to the deployment, in in a manner perceived as authentic, of behaviors related to trust and considered as appropriate regarding the role of the actor in a given institutional context
Egorova-Legon, Irina. "L'impact de l'ouverture économique sur les institutions internes : le cas de la Russie." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00964669.
Full textDahan, Aubépine. "Mettre en œuvre le changement dans une organisation professionnelle publique? : Pratiques et identité professionnelles face aux réformes." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0050.
Full textBased on an empirical study of how academics did or did not adopt new practices after the reform of doctoral school in France, my PhD thesis studies how a top-down organizational reform can change practices among autonomous professionals. New practices are effectively adopted only when they make sense relatively to extant professional identities. The latter do not evolve in response to a precise steering by the reformers, but to new problems definition by the professionals, leading to new ways of doing. Consequently, a radical change of practice implying an evolution of identity cannot be steered from top-down, but only supported by the organizational structure. Regular contacts between professional groups and with other stakeholders (users, citizens, funders) create a favorable context for such a change. My thesis discusses the possible scope of action for reformers in professional public organizations and the levers of change they might rely on
Oliveira, da Silva Diana. "Travailleurs, gestionnaires d'établissements hôteliers et institutions publiques : les acteurs du turnover dans le secteur de l'hôtellerie et de la restauration en Andorre." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20019.
Full textThe labor turnover is a common indicator used by companies for evaluating the rate at which employees leave a company and are replaced by new ones. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the social dynamics relative to this indicator in the field of hotel and catering, an industry well-known for its high turnover rates, and in the country of Andorra, a sovereign state surrounded by France and Spain, where immigration policy is based on the fluctuations of its internal job market.To gain insights of the turnover phenomena, referring to actors and their actions, a combination of various sociological methods has been used: a six month participant observation in Andorran hotels; a survey on employees’ mobility and its motivations, be it geographic or sectorial; and finally, interviews with hotel’s human resources managers and lobbyists regarding their adaptive strategies to staff turnover.Standing at the crossroads between sociology of organizations, sociology of work, and sociology of politics on migration flow control, this thesis defines the turnover as a result of arrangements taken by employees and employers to cope with the significant variability of tourism trade activity. It also exposes the uncertainty of work conditions in Andorran hotels – time schedule and wages – as a reason for employees to leave their job. Then, by studying the social representations in the hospitality industry and the perspectives of a de-professionalization of its jobs, the perceptive “range of possibilities” consequently opened to workers on the job hunt is being explored. Finally, this thesis evaluates the impact of political recruiting tools and foreign workers’ management tools, created for the Andorran job market, on the hotel and catering sector and its employees.This thesis introduces a wider definition of the notion of turnover in sociology, by combining organizational dynamics with the study of migration policies
Andrien, Loïc. "Les outils de gestion et la construction du sens de l’action collective : Étude de cas d’un outil d’évaluation des besoins dans des associations de parents de personnes en situation de handicap intellectuel." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX088/document.
Full textThrough the study of a needs assessment tool in eight associations of parents of people with intellectual disabilities, for five years, we investigated the place it takes in the construction of the sense of collective action. Inspired by Raymond Boudon's theory of ordinary rationality and Jacques Girin's work on language in organizations, we propose an original approach to the notion of institution, considered as a process of stabilization of a system of collective beliefs. We show that the institution is essentially a work of language and that management tools help to impoverish it. By structuring the activity that the instrument is supposed to equip, it contributes to reducing the discussions of the users and thus the construction of the sense of the collective action
Pinzon, Correa Juan David. "La fabrication d'un contexte institutionnel favorable à la confiance inter-organisationnelle au sein d'une méta-organisation : étude de deux clusters des industries culturelles et créatives en France et au Canada." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0499.
Full textThe aim of the research is to understand how the actors involved in the governance of a meta-organization intervene in the emergence and maintenance of an institutional context favorable to trust in inter-organizational relations (IOR). Following a qualitative approach, we carried out two embedded case studies of clusters operating within the cultural and creative industries in France and Canada. Regarding the French case, we highlighted the difficulties of trust and later work by some actors aimed at adopting new boundaries that involves new sectors, which included the search for conciliation between economic needs and the spirit of artistic creation. As for the Canadian case, we highlighted the initial climate not propitious to trust and the subsequent institutionalization work of the idea that the cluster acts in the interest of the whole industry. We propose a conceptual framework to analyze the practices of creating and maintaining an institutional environment favorable to trust in IOR, within a structurational perspective (recursive relation institutions/action). We distinguish dimensions of the context, and two types of practices: of “activation” (actors intentionally call upon institutional elements considered as relevant to trust in the current interaction); and of "structuration" (actors gradually structure the institutional bases of trust for current and future interactions). In the conclusion, we propose elements for a "trust-related competence" as a capacity related to the deployment, in in a manner perceived as authentic, of behaviors related to trust and considered as appropriate regarding the role of the actor in a given institutional context
Cornejo, Améstica Miguel. "Les acteurs institutionnels du sport à Conceptiòn (Chili)." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10072.
Full textBoudes, Melissa. "Travailler autrement via l'économie sociale et solidaire : Le cas des coopératives d'activité et d'emploi." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED035/document.
Full textIn a context of labor transformation and increased work precariousness, this thesis explains how new forms of work emerge, develop and respond to social needs and professional aspirations.The study focuses especially on social innovation based on the principles of the social economy.It uses a new institutionalist, processual, multi-level analysis of the Business and Employment Cooperative, a hybrid organizational form that combines the institutional logics of entrepreneurship, employment and cooperation. It (1) deepens understanding of the interactions between social innovation and its context; (2) highlights a new strategy at institutional logic level that can overcome the tensions inherent in hybrid organizational forms; and (3) explains how hybrid organizations can enable people to (re)find meaning in their work
Douet, Guérin Mylène. "Pratiques sportives, normes et socialisation : représentations sociales de la norme en basket-ball, escalade et paintball." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01001845.
Full textMegne, M'ella Ghislain Desire. "L'organisation sociale du sport au GABON, de l'indépendance à nos jours (1960-2012). Analyse socio-historique des facteurs de facilitations et des contraintes. Perspectives comparatives : Caméroun-Sénégal." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0317/document.
Full textThe ambition that leads this thesis is as original as fascinating: analyzing the roleof the social organization of the Gabonese sport in the context of a developing country, themode of expression of the local people in the colonial period, and the element of integrationin the concert of nations after the independences. This research, in general, seeks tocomprehend sport organizations in Gabon. It is all about understanding the implication andthe impact of sport federations in Gabon from its independence (1960) to now. A trip in thepast reveals us that sport federations are separated from the traditional culture and modernculture. Therefore, we can see why they are out of touch with the current economic and socioculturalneeds of the moment. As we travel back in time, the purpose of this thesis ismultidisciplinary and comparative, based on the methods of the sociology of sport. It seeks todecrypt historical, social, political, economic and institutional conditions; and the logic of thepresent actors, so to understand the consequences that follow, and are testimonies of a uniqueorganization a francophone area (Gabon, Cameroon, and Senegal). This thesis informs aboutthe sport policies. Who organizes? How? In whose interest? These principal questions lead usto the overall problematic: Why sport organizations in Gabon favor more imported models oforganization. In more detail, how the transposition of the French model influences sportpolicies in Gabon; and how does it interact with the local particularities. Far from being aGabonese specificity solely, the colonial input remains a substantial propriety in youngAfrican states
Prichodko, Gregor. "Le territoire canonique : construction juridique et enjeux politiques dans le premier millénaire. Application au contexte russe." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASH011.
Full textThis research project is a study of state legislation in the Russian Federation on religious freedom and freedom of thought, as well as of canon law in the Russian Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church concerning legal rights within a specific territory. It is above all an analysis of its origins and development. This analysis will include a study of the creation of ecclesiastical vocabulary, both ministerial, canonical and nomocanonical, in so far as it was used by the secular legislator, that is the Roman emperors of the East (from Constantine to Theodosius II), and the Czars and Emperors of Russia from the 16th to the 20th centuries. It will also include a study of legislation during the soviet era (1917-1991) and that of the contemporary Russian Federation (law of 1997) and its relationship to religious organizations, freedom of thought and religious freedom. The term “canonical territory” itself originated very recently. However, despite its recent creation, it undoubtedly expresses a very ancient ecclesiological phenomenon. In fact, the principles of non-intrusion on an ecclesiastical district which had been placed under another’s jurisdiction, and the rejection of all forms of ecclesial polyarchy led to the establishment of a precise body of canonical laws concerning ecclesiastical organization. The Russian Federation is a modern example where the jurisdictions of several churches are represented within the framework of state legislation on freedom of conscience and religious freedom
Imbou-Ngalamou, Annick Judicaëlle. "Les organisations paysannes en République du Congo : émergence et signification des dynamiques organisationnelles dans le secteur agricole en zones péri-urbaines et rurales." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20046/document.
Full textThe emergence of peasant organizations in peri-urban and rural areas in Republic of Congo in particular with Brazzaville and in the Plateau, has a dual logical understanding; peasant farmers view and at the same time, institutional view influenced by external actors, the state, NGOs, bilateral and multilateral cooperation agencies. We see the emergence of new organizational dynamics, which lead to the creation of new spaces and the coming in of social actors who position themselves as intermediaries between financial flows circulating in these environments. These new players are distinguished by their charisma, their skills, their endogenous knowledge of the environment, social affiliation, and their position in the local arena. Elite, young, woman, religious, village elder, etc., they acquire legitimacy in their communities, become real brokers controlling the communication channels between donors and farmers. Whether self imposed or promoted, these new actors play a central role in the arena of possibilities. Whatever their origin, these dynamics do not wipe out the cleavages that have existed and still appear in new forms, the cause of conflicts between actors. In addition, development aid enjoyed by farmers and their associations is certainly not neutral. It conveys the ideology of donors, and influences the behavior of farmers to cope with the requirements of support structures and may result in different degrees of loss of their autonomy
Michel, Sophie. "Une analyse Néo-institutionnelle du "Travail" pour assurer la pérennité de l'entreprise : réponses spécifiques et ressources mobilisées par les grossistes en fruits et légumes." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED008/document.
Full textWhilst experts have predicted the downfall of wholesaler, the latter has survived and e to environmental pressures. This thesis, consisting of three in-depth case studies, investigates into the resources mobilization underpinning wholesalers' survival. The meticulous empirical setting sheds light on the transformations impacting the wholesaling field and on local actors' specific responses. This thesis contributes to illuminate the meaning and role of resources vis-à-vis interactions with institutions. Moreover, it promotes the concept of Institutional Biography as a lens to better understand action origins. The model derived from my analyses describes and explains fruit and vegetables wholesalers’ efforts to become a guarantor for quality, despite prejudices about their inertia and predictions of their disappearance
Sambugaro, Jonathan. "Les conditions d'élaboration et d'énonciation d'une doctrine politico-stratégique dans les organisations pluralistes." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2090/document.
Full textThis doctoral research aims at understanding how pluralistic organizations that combine multiple institutional logics can engage in their deliberate transformation. It draws on pragmatist theories of rationality and of institutions to develop a novel perspective on strategy practices and processes in pluralistic organizations. Its results rely on fieldwork (ethnography and research-action) conducted within a French mutual insurance company, Macif, which is a key actor in the field of social economy. Firstly, this research identifies and analyzes the major obstacles that prevent pluralistic organizations from conducting such a transformation. Secondly, it conceptualizes and experiments ways to do so. Finally, this research suggests some methods for strategizing and organizing in pluralistic contexts
Magalhães, Costa Dos Santos Daniel. "Communes et provinces au Brésil au temps des monarchies : les origines d'un fédéralisme tropical." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ASSA0033.
Full textCooperation between the federal government, the federated states, the federal district and the municipalities is the keystone of the Brazilian political system. Established in 1988, this scheme is the result of historical tensions between local interests, regional demands and national projects. “History is written by the victors” and the current predominance of the federal bodies, in the Brazilian case, is both the cause and the consequence of an overvaluation of their role in the genesis of the nation state in Brazil. This thesis manuscript offers an analysis of the institutional organization of the Brazilian territorial administration before the adoption of the Republican Regime in 1889. Was the Empire of Brazil truly a unitary and centralized state? Did the imperial municipalities and provinces participate in the process of state-building in Brazil? Thanks to a historical study that goes back to the colonial period, this manuscript shows how the local and regional levels of the Brazilian Imperial Administration occupied a much more important place than that which is usually given to them. In order to better understand the present issues in the eternal “country of the future”, what better way there is than to revisit past experiences
Gourbière, Justine. "Les établissements de soins, d’accueil et d’assistance à Paris du XIIe au début du XVIe siècle : implantation, architecture et aménagements." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100156.
Full textFrom the twelfth to the first half of the fourteenth century, the Parisian monumental creation was characterised by an unprecedented profusion of assistance institutions. In this survey, important consideration has been given to topographic registration: as whole components of the urban landscape, these complexes influenced the space organization of the city. Although their establishment resulted from various acquisition strategies, it proceeded from a clear set of criteria, and entailed big changes which altered both the land parcel plan and the built landscape in their environment. The integration of care and residential facilities into the Parisian society of the Middle-ages also favoured numerous interactions that can be measured to the scope of their economical, social and religious relationships. A properly monumental dimension was added to the topographical dimension of the topic, and the study of the establishments in their spatial and structural integrity was given detailed consideration. Their general organisation was closely examined, together with the architecture and function of their components. This resulted in a most complex collection of buildings, with various degrees of specialisation, which makes it impossible to define any standard plan or architecture. Not a single trace remains of these buildings nowadays : scanning an extensive, though unbalanced, documentation, cross-referencing the available sources and drawing comparisons with other establishments outside the Parisian framework has then been a crucial task . Medieval hospitals have been dealt with according to a multidisciplinary approach, and they are no longer seen from a purely monographical or historical point of view. Our survey is intended to be a comprehensive approach, including the buildings, the men, and the city in which they fit
Zizi, Amine. "Influence du cadre institutionnel sur les comportements des organisations : le cas des déchets d’emballages ménagers et des véhicules hors d’usage." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080090.
Full textOur research concerns the influence of the institutional framework on the behavior of organizations. In a particular way, she is interested in the way the actors adapt themselves to the institutional framework of the organizational field in which they operate. These actors can be even brought to try to modify this framework so that he corresponds to their interests. The RSE is arrested in our reflection as an institutional phenomenon, susceptible to be implemented by means of the normative, coercive and mimetic pressures. The field of observation of this research concerns the waste of domestic packagings and end-of-life vehicles. The obtained results indicate that the type of waste, the size of the producers, the degree of institutionalization and the characteristics of the organizational field strongly influence the action of the institutions and organizations embedded in the studied field. The results are reflected in the following theoretical contributions: contribution to studies on the formation of organizational fields; contribution to the study of institutional change through institutional confrontation; contribution to the theoretical current that defines CSR as a business case strategy; the REP principle as a particular extension of CSR
Boussoura, Ezzeddine. "Dimension institutionelle et finalités de la performance sociétale de l'entreprise en Tunisie." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00866605.
Full textChassagnon, Virgile. "Jalons pour une théorie de la firme comme entité fondée sur le pouvoir : le gouvernement interne et externe des firmes modernes." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO22022.
Full textThe question of the nature of the firm has not lead to a consensus among economists, which means that this research field is not obsolete and makes way for new theoretical investigations. What are the constitutive properties and the internal and external governance mechanisms of firms? Starting from a critical analysis of economic theories, this dissertation proposes some building blocks for a new approach to the firm as a power-based emergent real entity. To do so, an original methodological reasoning based on an interdisciplinary framework (economy, organization theory and law) is proposed and it is shown that the firm produces intrinsic generative mechanisms. In order to understand the constitutive rules of the firm, we analyze power relationships, which are in essence plural and cohesive. With the recent evolution of the institutional environment, power relationships have been substantially modified. Whether in the real entity called “firm” (intra-firm level) or in the real entity called “network-firm” (inter-firm level), we show both theoretically and empirically – from the 2004-2005 REPONSE and ERIE surveys – a positive relationship between power and cooperation in productive activity. Several politico-legal and normative implications result from this dissertation
Lallemand-Stempak, Nathalie. "Capitalisme, Mutualisme et Démocratie dans le secteur de l'assurance : Rôles d'un dispositif d'élaboration stratégique dans la maintenance d'une organisation hybride." Phd thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00941244.
Full textCostanzo, Elsa. "Analyse comparée des "fonds citoyens" en France : comment gérer la pluralité des logiques institutionnelles ?" Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20011/document.
Full textThe so called “citizen” funds are the organizations of social finance that collect funds, in the form of shares from physical persons in order to finance projects addressing social and/or political issues. They combine the necessary attention on the economic and financial sustainability with a political vill of social change. This work aims to precisely characterize the operating logics and to question their ability to coexist. The typology of the resources and the economic model of the citizen funds, the analysis of the legitating strategies through the speech as well as the relationship with the public authorities reveal u four institutional logics: alternative, profit-oriented, public-oriented and logic of movement
Duret, Roxane. "De l'émergence des risques à leur intégration dans une organisation : le cas de l'industrie de la construction." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E068.
Full textThe major companies of the construction industry wish to integrate the concept of prevention within their organizations by seeking technical and organizational improvements and by implementing coercive or participatory methods whose goal is to deal with the human factor. This industry aims at controlling the risks inherent to the construction sites of which several classifications can be determined. Those classifications have in common their purpose, which is to draw up an exhaustive list from an infinite set according to variable criteria. After analyzing the different factors that influence the genesis of the risks in such a specific environment as the building sites, we propose a dynamic model for risk understanding and decision-making, based on the mobilization of the TNI and the Theory of social representations More specifically, considering the characteristics of the current emerging risks, we wonder about the relevance of the means implemented by the organization towards their integration
Bernardini-Perinciolo, Johan. "La conciliation de logiques institutionnelles concurrentes dans une organisation hybride via un manager-hybride et une equipe pluridisciplinaire : le cas d’un pôle d’activité clinique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1077.
Full textThe particular purpose of the research is to answer the following question : to what extent is the implementation of a hybrid-manager and a multidisciplinary team enables the management of competing institutional logics within a hybrid organization ? To this end, we propose a theoretical framework that develops, firstly, the concepts of hybrid organization. Next, we focus on the concept of hybrid-manager to put it closer to the boundary-actor one. Lastly, we focus on the concept of multidisciplinary team. Multidisciplinary team that appears as a favorable space for interprofessional collaboration. Our empirical approach is based on a single case study, which references a particular department in a hospital located in southern France (i.e. the « child-woman pole ») that we consider as an extreme and revelatory case. More specifically, we applied a qualitative methodology (i.e. semi-structured interviews with content analysis). Concerning our results, the data analysis shows an institutional and organizational context marked by tensions between individuals. But, the the head of the child-woman pole and the trio foster a mutual understanding between groups, and in so doing, balances competing logics. Finally, these results lead us to put foward two main themes for discussion : one centred on the skills and competencies of the hybrid-manager to support reconciliation and to balance coexistence of competing logics ; and the second one, centred on the multidisciplinary team as favorable space for the emergence of a hybrid institutional logic and for the dissemination of balanced and sustainable hybridity
Swetchine, Nicolas. "L’approche commerciale des Grands Projets : l’apport des théories néo-institutionnelles." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020003/document.
Full textLarge Infrastructure Projects’ stakes are major in terms of economics. Their governance has evolved over the past years, with formal Call for Tenders becoming a classic way to select suppliers, within a more competitive and institutionally complex environment. Current theoretical methodologies, structuring marketing & sales action, appear somewhat inappropriate to tackle this evolution: they neither really take into account the consequences of the very formal Call for Tenders, nor the institutional systemic complexity involved in such Large Projects; besides, Sales & Marketing suffer from a basic lack of legitimacy compared to Project Management and Purchasing, which carries on the powerful myth of Competition. Calling in New Organizational Institutionalism theories provides a new approach, allowing to consider such a Large Project as a complex, unique and dynamic institutional system, which institutionalizes itself progressively (a concept that differs from the so called milieu) Such an approach allows to define a new analysis methodology to asses interactions among all actors involved into the project, and to propose key principles for innovative proactive Sales & Marketing actions towards such complex institutional systems. This PhD research work develops a constructivist methodology based on interviews with key actors and in-depth analysis of two case studies in telecommunications and air traffic control infrastructure. The author proposes actual, theoretical and practical, areas for improvement of the Sales & Marketing methodology, allowing industrial corporations to institutionalize their competitive advantages. Ultimately, this research work leads to a new Sales approach, based on a theoretical framework, incorporating modern Sociology inputs into current Sales & Marketing theories: a New Institutional Marketing
Vignes, Alexandre. "Les relations des collectivités territoriales avec leurs organismes satellites." Thesis, Pau, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU2027/document.
Full textIn order to apply the services that come under their competences, regional authorities are, in principle, free to take the method of administration of their choice and, consequently, to opt either for a direct administration or a delegated one. However, having the desire to entrust the realization of some projects to a third party while keeping the control, regional authorities sometimes plan to use a legal entity in which they are members and that we suggest to be identified under the words “satellite organization”. In this case, regional authorities have to build relationships with the satellite organizations so as they have tools to work and to get projects. These organic, material and functional relationships show, on the one hand, the participation of regional authorities in the satellite organization and, on the other hand, the awarding of projects to the satellite organization. But the legal framework around regional authorities seems to be opposed to the setting up of these relationships and compromising the apparent faculty for the regional authorities to use a method of mixed administration of their services
Ellouza, Marwa. "Une analyse du débat autour de l’institutionnalisation de l’intelligence spirituelle, sous l’angle de l’intelligence émotionnelle dans le domaine de l’engagement affectif : une étude d’une situation de gestion." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAC033.
Full textOur thesis project is entitled: spirituality, emotional intelligence and organizational commitment: if the Tunisian family businesses. Several motives have raised our interest in addressing this issue. The concepts of spirituality, emotional intelligence and organizational commitment are highly interesting that attract the attention of researchers in many fields. We aim to study and examin the concepts of spirituality, emotional intelligence and organizational commitment by different approaches, managerial, psychological and philosophical. in the second part we are going to analyze the relationship of spirituality and emotional intelligence with organizational commitment. Then, we examine the effect of spirituality and emotional intelligence on individual well-being of employees, relationships and sense of commitment toward the company to sensitize the managers and leaders to the importance of emotional and spiritual dimensions of employees in the workplace
Gasparyan, Armen. "Le savoir en pratique dans une organisation hybride : le cas d’un syndicat professionnel." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100039.
Full textIn our research, we focus on the dynamics of knowing in the context of a hybrid organization. We base our research on the knowing in practice approach (Gherardi, 2000, 2006; Nicolini et al., 2003) and the literature of hybrid organizations (Battilana and Dorado, 2010; Pache and Santos, 2010; Battilana and Lee, 2014). Thus, through the case study of a professional association (Fnaim), we study how the hybrid context of Fnaim, represented by a market logic and a professional logic, influences the knowing of workers. We base our research on the legal department of this association where the hybridity is strongest. We collected our data through 12 in-depth semi-structured interviews (including 7 lawyers, which is half of the legal service) combined with observations of lawyers in the workplace and archival documents. Our results show that the hybrid context is expressed in the work of lawyers by three aspects: 1) by the way they prioritize the various demands, 2) by the materials used in their work, and 3) by the development of their specific repertoire
Glazewski, Anna. "Les « obligations structurelles » de l’État au regard du droit international des droits de l’homme : recherche sur une nouvelle catégorie juridique." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020093.
Full textContemporary evolution of international law of human rights leads the doctrine to reconsider the State question. Far from being a mere functional relay allowing an effective application of international law, the State’s ‘internal apparatus’ becomes one of its subject-matter. An international law of States’ domestic organization is therefore developing through this branch of international law. ‘Structural obligations’ is one of the legal tools enabling that evolution. Indeed, beyond simple references to institutional domestic aspects, obligations prescribing how States should organize themselves in order to fully respect their human rights commitments are emerging. These obligations could not be comprehensively described through classical typologies of obligations, so a new one needs to be elaborated and confronted with the international law of human rights practice
Bernardini-Perinciolo, Johan. "La conciliation de logiques institutionnelles concurrentes dans une organisation hybride via un manager-hybride et une equipe pluridisciplinaire : le cas d’un pôle d’activité clinique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1077.
Full textThe particular purpose of the research is to answer the following question : to what extent is the implementation of a hybrid-manager and a multidisciplinary team enables the management of competing institutional logics within a hybrid organization ? To this end, we propose a theoretical framework that develops, firstly, the concepts of hybrid organization. Next, we focus on the concept of hybrid-manager to put it closer to the boundary-actor one. Lastly, we focus on the concept of multidisciplinary team. Multidisciplinary team that appears as a favorable space for interprofessional collaboration. Our empirical approach is based on a single case study, which references a particular department in a hospital located in southern France (i.e. the « child-woman pole ») that we consider as an extreme and revelatory case. More specifically, we applied a qualitative methodology (i.e. semi-structured interviews with content analysis). Concerning our results, the data analysis shows an institutional and organizational context marked by tensions between individuals. But, the the head of the child-woman pole and the trio foster a mutual understanding between groups, and in so doing, balances competing logics. Finally, these results lead us to put foward two main themes for discussion : one centred on the skills and competencies of the hybrid-manager to support reconciliation and to balance coexistence of competing logics ; and the second one, centred on the multidisciplinary team as favorable space for the emergence of a hybrid institutional logic and for the dissemination of balanced and sustainable hybridity
Bellanger, Manuel. "Modélisation de mécanismes institutionnels et impacts bio-économiques de systèmes de gestion de quotas : application à la pêcherie de sole du golfe de Gascogne." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0037/document.
Full textIn France, where fishing rights are non-transferable, the management of fishing quotas is essentially delegated to producer organizations (POs). POs are granted collective allocations based on the aggregate fishing rights of their members and are then responsible for managing their fishing opportunities. The goal of this research, which contains theoretical developments as well as empirical analyses applied to the Bay of Biscay sole fishery, is to determine how outcomes of fisheries management are altered by the presence of POs within institutions as compared to alternative governance systems such as individual transferable quotas (ITQs). This dissertation notably brings together bio-economic approaches and institutional analyses to better anticipate the ecological, economic and social impacts of potential governance options. The research questions are the following: (1) What mechanisms could ensure a high level of compliance and what are the potential gains of placing the POs between the regulator and the fishermen? (2) What are the distributional effects of catch share management by POs? (3) What is the added value of integrating institutional arrangements involving POs into bio-economic modelling for the impact assessment of catch share management options? The analyses that were developed establish the ability of institutional design to influence outcomes in catch share systems in terms of compliance, distribution, and ecological-socioeconomic trade-offs achieved by alternative management options
Revauger, Guilène. "Fonctions, pouvoirs et influences d’un acteur de la politique étrangère britannique : le Foreign and Commonwealth Office (1968-1985)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA037/document.
Full textThis research work is devoted to the study of a key British institution, its function and its organization, from the merger of the Commonwealth Office and the Foreign Office in 1968, until 1985.Of particular interest is the way the changing role of Britain in the world and international conflicts bear upon the functioning and the evolution of the FCO. The point is to assess to what extent the context influences the institution itself.British foreign policy seems to be mostly determined by the Foreign Secretary and the Prime Minister. It is therefore well worth gaging what the function of the FCO is, and its relationship with the holders of political power.The role of the FCO as one of the internal and external agents of British foreign policy is assessed here, through three cases: the internal reorganization of the service in 1968, the management of a crisis – the postponements of independence for Guiana from 1953 to 1966, and the failure of a negotiation in peacetime – the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea from 1973 to 1982.Beyond the internal functioning of the institution, this research work strives to offer an interpretation of the changes. The relationship between the FCO and the holders of political power, the real power and influence of the FCO are under consideration, in particular during key moments of particular significance for the institution
Geymond, Maé. "Organisation industrielle, relations sociales et conditions de travail dans la production pharmaceutique : trois approches complémentaires pour analyser leurs interdépendances." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01E058.
Full textThis thesis organized in three chapters analyzes the disintegration of the pharmaceutical production activity from the perspective of Industrial Relations. To do so, we use successively an empirical approach, a qualitative approach and a comparative approach. The first chapter provides an empirical characterization of the externalization process between 1993 and 2016, by using public databases (EAE/ESANE/DADS). We first show that this process implies a recurrent pattern: a multinational laboratory (bigpharma) that wishes to transfer a factory to a specialized actor who becomes the subcontractor of the lab. Then, by using aggregated indicators, we exhibit that these specialized actors are facing an important deterioration of profitability. Following Berlinski (2008) or Dube and Kaplan (2010) we assess the impact of the externalization process over the distribution of qualifications and over wages. Our results indicate that, all things equal otherwise, externalization leads to an important deterioration in the remuneration conditions for subcontractor employees, between 8.5% and 21.6% on average, depending on the position in the classification. The second chapter aims to provide a better understanding of these degradations and more generally of how industrial organization affects social relations. Based on two case studies, one being iconic of multinational laboratories and the other of specialized subcontractors, we show that bigpharma subsidiaries and subcontracting companies are facing the same kind of productive and financiary segmentation. These types of segmentation are leading to economic, financiary and organizational dependency on decision centers. Our results concur to those of Doellgast and al. (2016), according to which the subsidiaries of multinational companies can be considered as internal subcontractors. We argue that the segmentation can be used as a way to defeat employee representation, which explains why employee representatives fail to maintain good work conditions in a profitable sector. Consequently, social relations might be seen as a determinant of segmentation. In the last chapter, we seek to identify the most powerful resources that an industrial relations system can confer, to enhance the ability of employee representatives to influence their working conditions. To do so, we compare the French and Quebecer systems and then the effective working conditions of two factories of the same multinational that manufacture the same products. We show that labour unity, strike and expertise are key resources. Then, we explain the differences in working and employment conditions for employees of the two subsidiaries, disentangling the respective effects of these three resources, of the position in the value chain and the control exercised by the parent company
Laranjeira, Rodrigo de Almeida. "Le gouvernement d’entreprise en droit européen et brésilien comparé." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Juristische Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17596.
Full textCorporate governance has undergone a radical change in Europe since the 1990s. Change has now consolidated and is part of the company law. Brazilian law has always been inspired by European legislation. Our study asks, from a comparative perspective, if the Brazilian corporate law relates to the European corporate governance. In Europe, we focus on German law, English law, French law and Community law. Our analysis goes beyond the heart of corporate governance and includes parts of capital markets law and environmental law, because they obviously also have a connection with corporate governance and company law. The understanding of the core of corporate governance, which is the organization of administrative bodies of the listed company on a regulated market, depends on the analysis of the legal treatment of incidental subjects, but related, as the regime of liability.
Couture, Ariane. "Institutions et création musicale à Montréal de 1966 à 2006 : histoire et orientations artistiques de la Société de musique contemporaine du Québec, des Événements du Neuf, de l'Ensemble contemporain de Montréal et du Nouvel Ensemble moderne." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10753.
Full textCette étude vise à mettre en lumière le rôle important de la Société de musique contemporaine du Québec, des Événements du Neuf, de l’Ensemble contemporain de Montréal et du Nouvel Ensemble Moderne, quatre organismes qui ont présenté en concert 515 programmes de musique contemporaine au Québec entre 1966 et 2006. Ces sociétés se distinguent en fonction des genres représentés, des générations d’artistes, mais aussi de l’évolution des esthétiques. Toutefois, elles ont en commun le même objectif qui est de faire connaître la musique contemporaine en commandant, créant et diffusant les œuvres incontournables du répertoire contemporain d’ici et d’ailleurs. De plus, ces sociétés servent à la fois de médiateur entre le public et les créateurs et de catalyseur d’événements artistiques marquants, comme la Symphonie du millénaire (SMCQ) ou le Forum international des jeunes compositeurs (NEM). L’étude historique et l’analyse des orientations artistiques et des activités de concerts de la SMCQ, des Événements du Neuf, de l’ECM et du NEM permettront de dévoiler une nouvelle dimension de l’histoire musicale au Québec au cours de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle. Une fois posées les balises historiques qui entourent la fondation des sociétés à l’étude, une analyse détaillée de leur programmation met en relief l’appartenance des œuvres des compositeurs les plus connus à des courants esthétiques particuliers. Cette analyse est réalisée à partir de l’inventaire des concerts qui retrace de la façon la plus précise possible les données factuelles les concernant (date, lieu, titre), les noms des compositeurs et les titres des œuvres, l’instrumentation et les interprètes. Au final, l’analyse des concerts met en évidence le développement d’un répertoire de musique contemporaine au Québec à travers de grands axes de programmation. On peut ainsi mieux comprendre en quoi ces sociétés ont joué un rôle essentiel dans le développement des tendances esthétiques variées et en quoi elles ont ainsi modelé le milieu de la création musicale québécoise pendant quarante ans.
This study aims to bring to light the important role of four organizations who presented through concert 515 contemporary music programs in Quebec between 1966 and 2006: Société de musique contemporaine du Québec, Événements du Neuf, Ensemble contemporain de Montréal, and Nouvel Ensemble Moderne. These groups are unique in terms of genre, artist generation, and evolution of esthetics. However, they share the same objective, which is to spread awareness of contemporary music by commissioning, creating, and diffusing inescapable pieces of the contemporary repertoire locally and internationally. Furthermore, these societies serve at once as mediator between the public and the artists, and as catalyst for notable artistic events, as the Symphonie du millénaire (SMCQ), or the Forum international des jeunes compositeurs (NEM). The historical study and the analysis of the artistic directions and of the activities of SMCQ, Événements du Neuf, ECM, and NEM will allow for the unveiling of a new dimension of music history in Quebec during the second half of the 20th century. Once the historical markers that surround the foundation of the societies under consideration have been laid out, a detailed analysis of their programming underlines the particular esthetic trends to which the work of the best-known composers belongs. This analysis is accomplished by taking as precise inventory of the concerts as possible, which retraces the concert data (date, place, title), the composers’ names, the titles of the pieces, the instrumentation, and the interpreters. Finally, the analysis of the concerts displays the main programming principles underlying the development of a contemporary music repertoire. This allows better understanding of how these societies have contributed on varied esthetical tendancies development and how they shaped the milieu of Québécois musical creation during forty years.
Poulain, Hélène. "L’institutionnalisation de la scène Hip-hop underground à Montréal, ses enjeux et rapports au mainstream." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25640.
Full textThis study examines the current organization of the underground Hip-hop scene in Montreal and its power relations. To understand its dynamics, tensions and competition, we investigate the complex structure of the underground scene. Approaching this research as a case study, we met the artists-rappers from the two Montreal’s collectives Kalmunity et Urban Science. We then noticed that the collectives become institutions of the underground scene. With no actual locations dedicated to Montreal's Hip-hop culture, the collectives themselves embody a symbolic space where social actors can gather and create a hub for the network of professionals within the underground scene through a system of rules and social and artistic practices. The underground scene is hinged on the main issue of visibility, organizing the social dynamics and relational logics. We observe two types of visibility : an underground and social visibility structured around the collectives, based on reputation inside a restricted group of artists, facing a mainstream and mediatic visibility, built on fame and propelled by the media. Finally, the underground artists regard power as a form of domination by the media. They refuse the media injonctions seen as extrinsic to the scene. Conversely, the collectives represent a legitimate authority for underground artists, practiced inside their restricted community, therefore coherent to their artistic practices.
Behruzi, Roksana. "What are the components of humanized childbirth in a highly specialized hospital? : an organizational case study." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5391.
Full textDe nombreuses études ont mis l'accent sur le concept de l'humanisation des soins de naissance d’une grossesse normale ou à faible risque obstétrical. Mais, à notre connaissance, aucune étude à ce jour n’a spécifiquement porté sur l'humanisation des soins de la naissance dans les grossesses à haut et à faible risque dans un hôpital hautement spécialisé. La présente étude vise à: 1) définir les composantes spécifiques de l'humanisation des soins qui apportent satisfaction aux femmes qui cherchent des soins obstétricaux dans un hôpital hautement spécialisé; 2) explorer les dimensions organisationnelles et culturelles qui constituent des obstacles ou des facilitateurs pour les pratiques périnatales favorisant l'humanisation des soins dans un centre hospitalier universitaire très spécialisé, au Québec. Une étude de cas unique a été choisie pour notre thèse. Les données ont été recueillies au moyen d'entrevues semi-structurées, de notes de terrain, d’observation des participants, d’un questionnaire auto-administré, et de documents et d’archives pertinents. L’échantillon est composé de : 11 professionnels de différentes disciplines, six administrateurs de différents niveaux hiérarchiques de l'hôpital et 157femmes qui ont accouché à l'hôpital durant la période de l’étude. Une analyse à la fois descriptive quantitative et qualitative déductive et inductive a été réalisée. La thèse comprend trois articles. Dans le premier article, nous proposons un cadre conceptuel fondé sur la théorie de la culture organisationnelle développée par Allaire et Firsirotu (1984). Le but de cet article est d’examiner les tendances d’accouchement en tant que phénomène de culture organisationnelle. Le second article, répond à une question spécifique : quelle est la définition des soins humanisés selon les administrateurs et des professionnels multidisciplinaires oeuvrant dans un hôpital hautement spécialisé, ainsi que celle des femmes soignées dans cet hôpital ? L'analyse des données permet de ressortir les thèmes suivants sur la perception de l'humanisation de la naissance : les soins personnalisés, la reconnaissance du droit desfemmes, des soins humains, des soins centrés sur la famille, la défense des femmes et de leur compagnon, le compromis de sécurité, le confort et l'humanité, et les grossesses non stéréotypées. Les femmes à risque élevé et à faible risque semblent plus satisfaites des soins s'ils sont fournis selon un choix éclairé et qu’elles ont participé au processus décisionnel, tout en étant entourées par des fournisseurs de soins compétents, qui soignent de façon humaine et font des interventions médicales lorsque requises. Les perceptions des professionnels et des administrateurs à propos de la naissance humanisée mettent principalement l'accent sur des soins personnalisés et centrés sur la famille. Dans notre troisième article, nous traitons les composantes internes et externes d'une institution, qui prédisposent ou qui empêchent un hôpital spécialisé et universitaire affilié au Québec d'adopter des soins humanisés de naissance. Les résultats révèlent qu’à la fois des dimensions externes d'un hôpital hautement spécialisé, -son histoire, son affiliation, et ses contingences - ainsi que des dimensions internes- sa culture, sa structure et ses individus - peuvent tous influer sur l'humanisation de la pratique des soins de naissance dans un tel établissement, que ce soit séparément, simultanément ou en interaction. Nous avons donc conclu que l'humanisation des soins de naissance dans un l'hôpital hautement spécialisé doit répondre à tous les aspects physiologiques et psychologiques des soins périnatals dont le respect des craintes, des croyances et des valeurs et besoins des femmes et de leur famille. L'intégration de professionnels compétents et attentionnés utilisant la technologie obstétrique améliore le niveau de certitude et d'assurance dans les grossesses à haut et à faible risque dans un hôpital hautement spécialisé. Enfin, l'humanisation de l'approche de la naissance dans un centre hospitalier très spécialisé et universitaire affilié requiert des nouvelles politiques de système de santé. Une telle politique garantit, pour une femme enceinte dès le début de sa grossesse, une place dans une institution, un professionnel de la santé de son choix et la possibilité de faire des choix éclairés tout au long du processus de la naissance.
Barrault, Marion. "L'évolution de la réponse normative de l'OIT en situation de crise économique et financière." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9093.
Full textIn the opinion of many observers, the world witnessed in 2008 an unprecedented economic crisis since the Great Depression of the thirties. The primary victims of these gobal economic breakdowns are the workers of the world. Invested since 1919 to a term of protection with respect to the latter, the International Labour Organization (ILO) has to be a vector for proposals in these difficult times. This study aims to analyze the evolution of the normative responses produced by the ILO in the wake of global economic and financial crises since its inception. It will also correlate the Organization's degree of boldness and the composition of the international picture in place over each period considered. The first chapter will give us the opportunity to show how the ILO, born in a context of economic crisis in the twenties and then facing another major crisis in 1930, has taken advantage of these situations to confirm its raison d'être and has been driven to inquire about new competencies (chapter I). We will then step in an era marked by the proliferation of new international organizations with which the ILO is in competition: the UN era. We will see how the Organization's position on the international scene affects its responsiveness to economic and political crises of the moment (chapter II). Instructed on these historical considerations, we will finally be able to understand the normative flexibility characterizing the ILO's response to the 2008 crisis. We will also be able to understand how this historic crisis has changed the world order and has affected the Organization's position in the international layout (chapter III).
Cortés, Vargas Daniel. "Réseaux, homophilie et discours de collaboration scientifique au Québec : étude comparée sur le capital social des chercheurs junior et senior (1990-2009)." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12380.
Full textOur study focuses on how the junior and senior social sciences researchers in Quebec establish their networks of co-authorships and form their discursive interpretation of their collaborative activities face to the impact of the university institutional change during the period 1990-2009. Notably, our research shows that the creation of networks and scientific collaboration by co-authorship can be identified as "professional adjustments". These "professional adjustments" represent a resource of social capital that can be mobilized and that may produce benefits for the researchers. Therefore our research is related to the sociology of sciences. This approach was operationalized by the study of 15 members of a University research center in the province of Quebec, and their network of 447 co-authors (including the researchers of the study), and through the application of 7 interviews with junior and senior researchers from the center. From a qualitative perspective, our study identifies the discursive meaning provided by the researchers about their collaboration and participation in co-authorship networks. On the other hand, the structural analysis of networks shows the individual connections and forms of interpretation - especially the graph theory and its measures of centrality (the degree centrality, the betweenness centrality and the eigenvector centrality) - as well as the homophilic degree among researchers. Finally, our statistical analysis shows the correlation of study periods and socio-professional characteristics of the researchers studied (gender, academic status, institutional affiliation, discipline, countries, regions of Canada and city where the researchers work). In particular, our results show that each research category has its own structural and discursive features regarding its networks and its collaboration practices. These findings confirm that the senior researchers retained and obtained more benefits from their co-authorship network than their junior peers, through the mobilization of their social capital, which allow them as well, to better adapt themselves to the institutional change and to manage more effectively their collaborative work at the international, but especially at the local arenas.
Boivin, Geneviève. "The institutionalization of an area of research through published and public discourse : t he case of CCO scholarship." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20443.
Full textIn this dissertation, I explore the institutionalization of CCO scholarship. Through an analysis of scholars’ published and public discourse, I demonstrate to what extent CCO scholarship, as an area of research, is becoming established within organizational communication studies and related fields. Through an analysis of scholars’ published discourse and via the application of a neo-institutional perspective, I assess the trajectory and establishment of CCO research from 2000 to 2015. By analyzing scholars’ public discourse at one specific international conference, I then explore how pragmatic ambiguity plays into this institutionalization. This research thus shows how communication is at the center of an area of research’s institutionalization processes.
Stamm, Christoph B. "Construction, diffusion et effectivité des standards transnationaux en matière de responsabilité sociale des entreprises." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20635.
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