Journal articles on the topic 'Organizational effectiveness Australia'
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Jackson, Denise. "Personality Traits in Australian Business Graduates and Implications for Organizational Effectiveness." Industry and Higher Education 28, no. 2 (April 2014): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/ihe.2014.0200.
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The Five-Factor model is widely accepted as a robust model of personality that influences workplace behaviour and performance. Given evidence of persistent skills gaps in Australia, it is important to explore personality traits in business graduates to understand whether they have the necessary characteristics to enable the country to perform successfully nationally and to compete on a global level, particularly during periods of economic uncertainty. This study examines personality traits in 674 Australian business graduates, using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI), and variations in traits across demographic/background characteristics. The results indicate that graduates are relatively high in extroversion, conscientiousness and emotional stability and low in openness and agreeableness. Some gender differences were apparent. The findings are largely positive for organizational performance, but raise concern for organizational well-being, effective leadership and innovativeness. There is some alignment between the findings and documented deficiencies in graduate performance, highlighting areas for intervention. Strategies for managing typical traits in business graduates and their potential impact on prevalent skills gaps are discussed for both professional and education practitioners.
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Boldy, D., S. Jain, and G. Chen. "Comparative Attributes of Effective Health Services Managers and Definitions of Organizational Effectiveness in Australia, the UK and the USA." Health Services Management Research 9, no. 1 (February 1996): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095148489600900101.
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This paper explores and contrasts the perceptions of 855, mainly health services managers and 1452 students from three major English-speaking countries regarding the attributes needed for becoming effective managers in their country. Also addressed are country differences and similarities in the perceived relevance of particular indicators of organizational effectiveness. Despite Australia's British heritage, respondents from this country were found to be more similar to those from the USA, than those from the UK, in their views regarding the attributes of effective managers. Australian and American respondents rated ‘nurturing’ personality skills relatively highly, as they did ‘classical’ management skills. UK respondents rated ‘classical’ management skills as more important than ‘political’ skills.
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Davis, Glyn. "Federalism Versus Centralisation: Organizational Design and Public Broadcasting in America and Australia." Journal of Public Policy 10, no. 2 (April 1990): 195–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00004815.
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ABSTRACTFollowing Wildavsky's argument that a federal bias is often the best principle for organising public policy, this study compares two national public broadcasting systems: the diffuse pattern of multiple agencies used in the United States of America and the highly centralized design employed in Australia. The paper examines whether each structure can respond to an audience while resisting the partisan demands of politicians. Significant advantages are found in the American model, though the question arises of whether participation and editorial independence in public broadcasting are bought at the cost of efficiency and effectiveness.
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Ellerbrock, Cheryl, Katherine Main, Kristina Falbe, and Dana Pomykal Franz. "An Examination of Middle School Organizational Structures in the United States and Australia." Education Sciences 8, no. 4 (October 15, 2018): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci8040168.
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The middle school concept, aimed at creating a more developmentally responsive learning environment for young adolescents, gained a stronghold in the later part of the 20th century. Proponents of this concept have argued continually for the holistic implementation of its six key characteristics if its benefits are to be realized. These characteristics include: (a) a challenging, integrative, and exploratory curriculum; (b) varied teaching and learning approaches; (c) assessment and evaluation that promote learning; (d) flexible organizational structures (i.e., including the physical space, scheduling, and grouping of students and teachers); (e) programs and policies that foster health, wellness and safety; and (f) comprehensive guidance and support services. Recently, Ellerbrock, Falbe, and Pomykal Franz identified key middle school organizational structures of people, place, and time as being interconnected and integral to effective middle school practices. Main also demonstrated the interconnected nature of these key characteristics and how organizational structures of people affected the successful implementation of other characteristics. Thus, how these organizational structures can and are being implemented has implications for our understanding of the effectiveness of other middle school practices. In this paper, researchers from both the United States and Australia examine and compare literature published between 2000 and 2018 addressing ways in which middle school/middle years organizational structures have been reported and categorized by structures of people, place, and time in these two countries. Pertinent literature related to organizational structures of middle schools in the United States and to middle years education in Australia was examined. Findings from studies and evaluations from each country are reported to provide an international perspective on the organizational structures of middle schools/middle years education across the two countries. Overall, since 2000, the body of knowledge about middle schools/middle years organizational structures has been surprisingly limited in comparison to their perceived importance in the field. This lack of research is concerning in the midst of educational reform in both countries, resulting in questions about the impact of school organizational structures on young adolescent development and learning.
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Adams, Don, and David T. Gamage. "A study of leadership effectiveness in a large VET institution in Australia." International Journal of Educational Management 22, no. 3 (March 28, 2008): 214–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09513540810861856.
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Markey, Raymond. "Non-Union Employee Representation in Australia." Journal of Industrial Relations 49, no. 2 (April 2007): 187–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185607074918.
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Non-union representative employee participation recently has attracted increasing international attention in employment relations due to the growing representation gap in many countries as union membership declines, and mounting evidence of the benefits of representative employee participation for enterprise flexibility and efficiency. However, relatively little is known about Australian experiments in employee participation, although it is essential to learn from Australian experience in order to develop effective public policy. This case study represents a contribution to this larger project. SMEC is a non-union employee representative body that has adopted a European works council organizational model. The case study evaluates SMEC's effectiveness as a non-union form of representative employee participation. It concludes that the opportunities for the formation of genuinely independent works council style organs of employee participation remain severely constrained by the current Australian regulatory environment, which tends to encourage a union substitution role.
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Farr-Wharton, Ben, Geremy Farr-Wharton, Yvonne Brunetto, Rod Farr-Wharton, Matt Xerri, and Art Shriberg. "Social Networks, Problem-Solving, Managers: Police Officers in Australia and the USA." Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice 14, no. 3 (December 15, 2018): 778–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pay095.
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Abstract This article compares the role of management on the effectiveness of social networks for police officers and implications for engagement using survey data from 575 police officers in the USA and 193 police officers in Australia. Analysis included capturing frequencies, correlations, ANOVAs, structural equation modelling (SEM) for quantitative data, and thematic analysis of the qualitative data. The findings show that 5% of police officer in the USA sample and 12% of police officer in Australian sample had no support for problem-solving; police officers in the USA had bigger social networks; the reasons given for not identifying their line manager as part of their social support included ‘the unapproachability of managers’ and ‘poor managers/bullying’ and SEM showed a significant relationship between perceived organizational support (from management), social networks, and employee engagement. The findings have implications for internal security (employee well-being and productivity) and external security (public safety).
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O'Brien, John M. "The Collective Organization of Australian Academic Staff 1949-1983." Journal of Industrial Relations 35, no. 2 (June 1993): 195–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569303500201.
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This paper examines the development of the collective organization of academic staff in the Australian higher education sector. This examination tests the relevance of the claim that the arbitration system largely rendered powerless those organizations designed to 'bring comfort, security, peace of mind' to society as well as to union members. The paper argues that the development of academic unionism was both a reflection of shifts in state policy on higher education and the changing consciousness of academic staff. Further, industrial registration was sought because it was perceived that it would strengthen the organizational effectiveness of academic unionism. Finally, the paper contests the view that the achievement of federal registration by academic staff organizations represented the beginning of the adoption of an industrial relations model in institutions of higher education in Australia.
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Sil Kang, Won, Alan Kilgore, and Sue Wright. "The effectiveness of audit committees for low‐ and mid‐cap firms." Managerial Auditing Journal 26, no. 7 (July 26, 2011): 623–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02686901111151341.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of recommendations made by the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) relating to audit committees in Australia, and whether they have improved financial reporting quality for low‐ and mid‐cap listed firms.Design/methodology/approachThe authors examine the relation between characteristics of the audit committee and financial reporting quality for listed companies not mandated to comply with these requirements, i.e. low‐ and mid‐cap firms. For a sample of 288 firms, the authors regress measures of audit committee independence, expertise and activity and size on alternative measures of earnings management.FindingsA significant association is found between all three characteristics and lower earnings management. The significant measure for independence is the proportion of independent directors on the audit committee; for expertise, it is that at least one member of the audit committee has an accounting qualification; and for activity and size, it is the frequency of audit committee meetings.Practical implicationsThe results provide support for the mandatory establishment of audit committees for the top 500 (high‐ and mid‐cap) firms introduced by the ASX and suggest those audit committee characteristics which could improve financial reporting quality for low‐ and mid‐cap firms.Originality/valueThe paper examines low‐ and mid‐cap firms in order to complement previous similar studies done for high‐cap firms. It identifies the effects on financial reporting quality of voluntarily choosing to have an audit committee and of the choice of audit committee characteristics, in the period after substantial corporate governance reform. It includes a new measure among audit committee characteristics, industry expertise, which is required in Australia and is new to the literature.
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Sangeeth L R, Silpa, Saji K. Mathew, and Vidyasagar Potdar. "Information Processing view of Electricity Demand Response Systems: A Comparative Study Between India and Australia." Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems 12 (June 30, 2020): 27–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17705/1thci.12402.
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Abstract Background: In recent years, demand response (DR) has gained increased attention from utilities, regulators, and market aggregators to meet the growing demands of electricity. The key aspect of a successful DR program is the effective processing of data and information to gain critical insights. This study aims to identify information processing needs and capacity that interact to improve energy DR effectiveness. To this end, organizational information processing theory (OIPT) is employed to understand the role of Information Systems (IS) resources in achieving desired DR program performance. This study also investigates how information processing for DR systems differ between developing (India) and developed (Australia) countries. Method: This work adopts a case study methodology to propose a theoretical framework using OIPT for information processing in DR systems. The study further employs a comparative case data analyses between Australian and Indian DR initiatives. Results: Our cross case analysis identifies variables of value creation in designing DR programs - pricing structure for demand side participation, renewable integration at supply side, reforms in the regulatory instruments, and emergent technology. This research posits that the degree of information processing capacity mediates the influence of information processing needs on energy DR effectiveness. Further, we develop five propositions on the interaction between task based information processing needs and capacity, and their influence on DR effectiveness. Conclusions: The study generates insights on the role of IS resources that can help stakeholders in the electricity value chain to take informed and intelligent decisions for improved performance of DR programs. Recommended Citation Sangeeth L R, Silpa; Mathew, Saji K.; and Potdar, Vidyasagar (2020) "Information Processing view of Electricity Demand Response Systems: A Comparative Study Between India and Australia," Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems: Vol. 12: Iss. 4, Article 2. DOI: 10.17705/1pais.12402 Available at: https://aisel.aisnet.org/pajais/vol12/iss4/2
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Lysons, Art. "Strategic renewal and development implications of organisational effectiveness research in higher education in Australia." Tertiary Education and Management 5, no. 1 (January 1999): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13583883.1999.9966980.
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Cheuk, Ka Po, Saša Baškarada, and Andy Koronios. "Contextual factors in knowledge reuse." VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems 47, no. 2 (May 8, 2017): 194–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/vjikms-10-2016-0056.
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Purpose This paper aims to answer calls for more research on how contextual factors influence the effectiveness of knowledge reuse. Design/methodology/approach The findings are based on an in-depth case study conducted in the sales department of a large white goods company in Australia. Findings Six contextual factors identified include purpose, time pressure, language, accessibility, author and date. A mismatch in purpose between knowledge creation and reuse is most likely to reduce knowledge reuse effectiveness. Time pressures may lead to an increase in errors associated with search question definition as well as knowledge search and selection, while unfamiliar language is likely to lead to misinterpretations of content. Knowledge accessibility issues are of particular concern in time-sensitive situations. Authorship and creation date information may facilitate knowledge reuse by allowing consumers to filter unwanted knowledge. Originality/value This study contributes to knowledge management theory by providing an exploration of the ways in which contextual factors influence knowledge and reuse effectiveness, and of the possible relationships between those factors. The paper also provides knowledge management practitioners with tangible guidelines on how to increase the effectiveness of organizational knowledge reuse.
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Beebeejaun, Ambareen. "The Anti-Avoidance Provisions of the Mauritius Income Tax Act 1995." International Journal of Law and Management 60, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 1223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-07-2017-0174.
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Purpose A taxpayer who gets caught under Part VII of the Mauritius Income Tax Act is subjected to a corrective measure only in the form of payment of the amount of tax that would have been due in the absence of the avoidance arrangement, but the consequences set out in the same section do not result in any disincentive to the taxpayer that would ensure the prevention of the occurrence of such type of anti-avoidance practices in the future. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the anti-avoidance provisions in the Mauritius legislation as a weapon against impermissible tax avoidance, and the study also intends to critically analyse the remedies available against taxpayers who enter into impermissible tax avoidance transactions. Design/methodology/approach The methodology adopted for this qualitative study consists of a critical analysis and comparative legal review of the relevant legislation, case laws and literature. The anti-avoidance provisions of the Mauritius legislation will be compared with similar provisions of legislations of countries that have rigid preventive rules for anti-avoidance practices, and the selected countries are the UK and Australia because each country has been successful in diminishing the tax avoidances practices further to the imposition of penalties for impermissible tax avoidance. The black letter approach will also be used through which existing legal provisions, judicial doctrines, scholar articles and budget speeches governing anti-avoidance provisions for each country identified will be analysed. Findings Further to an analysis of the substantial differences between Mauritius anti-avoidance legal provisions and those of the UK and Australia, it is found that the backing of corrective actions by penalties act as a disincentive to prohibit impermissible anti-avoidance practices. The study concludes that, where there is abuse of law, the law needs to provide for penalties that must be suffered by the abuser, and hence, the study calls for an amendment in the Mauritius Income Tax Act to strengthen anti-avoidance provisions, by adopting similar provisions of the laws of Australia and the UK. Originality/value At present, there is no Mauritius literature on the researched topic, and this study will be one of the first academic writings on the subject of penalties for impermissible tax avoidance in Mauritius. The study is a new and unique topic in Mauritius, and for that reason, the study will largely rely on foreign sources that deal with penalties for impermissible tax avoidance, and this will include the Australian Taxation Administrative Act 1953, Australian case laws and the UK Finance Act 2016. This study is being carried out with the view to provide insightful recommendations to the stakeholders concerned in Mauritius to enhance the revenue collection avenues and methodologies for the Mauritius revenue authorities.
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Neal, Penelope N. "The Determination of Interest Rates and the Effectiveness of Monetary Policy in Deregulated Financial Markets." Economic and Labour Relations Review 4, no. 1 (June 1993): 120–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103530469300400107.
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This paper examines two issues pertinent to the effective implementation of monetary policy: firstly, the ability of the monetary authorities to control interest rates and secondly, whether interest rates have exhibited a leading, relationship with economic activity since deregulation of the financial markets. If expenditures are unresponsive to changes in interest rates it is shown that the monetary authorities have the ability to determine the interest rate but if the authorities attempt to push interest rates into regions in which expenditures become interest rate elastic, a role for liquidity preference in determination of the interest rate is restored. This limits the effects of discretionary monetary policy to the short-term. Previous empirical studies, graphs and correlation coefficients indicate only limited evidence for a negative association between interest rates and changes in economic activity whereas Granger causality tests indicate that predictable relationships between interest rates and economic activity have existed in Australia for the period in which financial markets have been deregulated.
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Leechman, Gareth, Norman McCulla, and Laurie Field. "Local school governance and school leadership: practices, processes and pillars." International Journal of Educational Management 33, no. 7 (November 4, 2019): 1641–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-12-2018-0401.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the processes and relationships between school councils and school leadership teams in the local governance of 18 independent, faith-based schools in New South Wales, Australia. Design/methodology/approach A three-phase, mixed-method research design was used incorporating development of a conceptual framework for local school governance drawn from current literature, face-to face interviews with chairs of school councils and principals, and a subsequent survey of school council members and within-school leadership teams. Findings Noting a lack of research into the practices and processes of school council operations and their interface with school leadership, the study identified five key areas that were seen to be foundational to the effectiveness of local governance. Research limitations/implications The study contributes an Australian perspective to an international need to better understand local governance arrangements in school leadership and management. Practical implications At a practical level, the study provides valuable insights to principals, and to those aspiring to the role, on the nature of the relationship between the school council and school leadership teams. Social implications The study responds to a marked increase internationally in local governance arrangements for schools by way of school councils or boards. Originality/value A review of literature reveals that, somewhat surprisingly, there has been relatively little research undertaken in this key area of leading and managing schools.
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Lagrosen, Yvonne, and Stefan Lagrosen. "Organizational learning in consciousness-based education schools: a multiple-case study." International Journal of Educational Management 34, no. 5 (February 23, 2020): 849–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-01-2019-0009.
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PurposeAn innovative technology called consciousness-based education (CBE) is being introduced in schools worldwide. The approach includes both an experiential and an intellectual component. However, research studies exploring learning in CBE are rare. The purpose of the paper is to explore how organizational learning takes place in schools, which adopt CBE in addition to their ordinary curriculum. Moreover, the ambition of the approach regarding quality is examined.Methodology/approachA multiple-case study has been carried out. Four schools using CBE have been studied: a private school in Fairfield, Iowa, USA; a governmentally funded free school in Skelmersdale, United Kingdom; an independent school in Melbourne, Australia, and a primary school in Lelystad, the Netherlands. In total, 26 in-depth interviews have been performed, mainly with teachers and students but also with principals and experts in the CBE pedagogy. In addition, three focus-group interviews with primary school pupils were conducted and observation during classes was included. The data were analyzed by the constant comparative technique from the grounded theory approach.FindingsCategories characterizing organizational learning in the CBE schools have been identified. These findings are related to theories of the learning organization, resulting in a framework depicting different components of learning.Research limitation/implicationThe study provides a framework illustrating organizational learning in schools that utilize CBE which affords an overview of the technology and can serve as a vantage point for further research. Since this is a qualitative case study, the effectiveness of the CBE approach and its impact on learning outcomes were not assessed, and the possibilities to generalize the findings are limited.Originality/valueCBE has not previously been studied from an organizational learning perspective.
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Neil, Amanda L., Terry J. Lewin, and Vaughan J. Carr. "Allocation of Resources and Psychosis." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 37, no. 1 (February 2003): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2003.01117.x.
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Objective: This commentary reviews current expenditure on psychosis in Australia, identifies discretionary expenditure that could be used more efficiently, discusses the factors influencing resource allocation and intervention selection decisions, and suggests priorities for change. Method: Cost-of-illness findings from the Low Prevalence Disorders Study (LPDS), and related service use and psychosocial data, are used to highlight patterns of expenditure on psychosis and potential resource allocation issues. Arguments are also presented suggesting that mental health resource allocation in Australia should be informed primarily by treatment efficiency, equity and humanitarian considerations, not differences in the global burden of disease. However, our evidence-base about the effectiveness and costs associated with individual treatments, programmes, and organizational structures is also shown to be limited. Conclusions: The patterns of service use and expenditure on psychosis suggest certain imbalances, including an over-reliance on hospitalization, low levels of supported community accommodation, and inadequate provision of evidence-based psychosocial treatments, rehabilitation and supported employment programmes. We need to identify and develop efficient interventions and programmes, re-orientate our services to better utilize those interventions, increase community awareness, improve monitoring of outcomes and costs, and undertake timely evaluations at multiple levels, from the individual to the societal perspective.
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Cadilhac, Dominique A., Nadine E. Andrew, Monique F. Kilkenny, Kelvin Hill, Brenda Grabsch, Natasha A. Lannin, Amanda G. Thrift, et al. "Improving quality and outcomes of stroke care in hospitals: Protocol and statistical analysis plan for the Stroke123 implementation study." International Journal of Stroke 13, no. 1 (September 15, 2017): 96–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747493017730741.
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Rationale The effectiveness of clinician-focused interventions to improve stroke care is uncertain. Aims To determine whether an organizational intervention can improve the quality of stroke care over usual care. Sample size estimates To detect an absolute 10% difference in overall performance (composite outcome), a minimum of 21 hospitals and 843 patients per group was determined. Methods and design Before and after controlled design in hospitals in Queensland, Australia. Intervention Externally facilitated program (StrokeLink) using outreach workshops incorporating clinical performance feedback, patient outcomes (survival, quality of life at 90–180 days), local barrier assessments to best practice care, action planning, and ongoing support. Descriptive and multivariable analyses adjusted for patient correlations by hospital (intention-to-treat method). Context Concurrent implementation of financial incentives to increase stroke unit access and use of the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry for performance monitoring. Study outcome(s) Primary outcome: net change in composite score (i.e. total number of process indicators achieved divided by the sum of eligible indicators for each cohort). Secondary outcomes: change in individual indicators, change in composite score comparing hospitals that did or did not develop action plans (per-protocol analysis), impact on 90–180-day health outcomes. Sensitivity analyses: hospital self-rated status, alternate cross-sectional audit data (Stroke Foundation). To account for temporal effects, comparison of Queensland hospital performance relative to other Australian hospitals will also be undertaken. Discussion Twenty-one hospitals were recruited; however, one was unable to participate within the study time frame. Workshops were held between 11 March 2014 and 7 November 2014. Data are ready for analysis.
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Elloy, David F., and Alan Randolph. "The Effect of Superleader Behavior on Autonomous Work Groups in a Government Operated Railway Service." Public Personnel Management 26, no. 2 (June 1997): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102609702600207.
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This study examined the effects of Superleader behavior on autonomous work groups in Australia. Based on a sample of 95 individuals working in the maintenance sector of a government operated railway service, the results indicated groups that were led by a supervisor who exhibited the characteristics of a Superleader1 had higher levels of satisfaction, commitment, organization self-esteem, and communication effectiveness, as well as higher levels of role conflict and role ambiguity.
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Loban, Ekaterina, Catherine Scott, Virginia Lewis, Susan Law, and Jeannie Haggerty. "Activating Partnership Assets to Produce Synergy in Primary Health Care: A Mixed Methods Study." Healthcare 9, no. 8 (August 18, 2021): 1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9081060.
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Partnerships are an important mechanism to tackle complex problems that extend beyond traditional organizational divides. Partnerships are widely endorsed, but there is a need to strengthen the evidence base relating to claims of their effectiveness. This article presents findings from a mixed methods study conducted with the aim of understanding partnership processes and how various partnership factors contribute to partnership effectiveness. The study involved five multi-stakeholder partnerships in Canada and Australia working towards improving accessibility to primary health care for vulnerable populations. Qualitative data were collected through the observation of 14 partnership meetings and individual semi-structured interviews (n = 16) and informed the adaptation of an existing Partnership Self-Assessment Tool. The instrument was administered to five partnerships (n = 54). The results highlight partnership complexity and the dynamic and contingent nature of partnership processes. Synergistic action among multiple stakeholders was achieved through enabling processes at the interpersonal, operational and system levels. Synergy was associated with partnership leadership, administration and management, decision-making, the ability of partnerships to optimize the involvement of partners and the sufficiency of non-financial resources. The Partnership Synergy framework was useful in assessing the intermediate outcomes of ongoing partnerships when it was too early to assess the achievement of long-term intended outcomes.
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Curtis, Joyce A., Daniel D'Angelo, Matthew R. Hallowell, Timothy A. Henkel, and Keith R. Molenaar. "Enterprise Risk Management for Transportation Agencies." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2271, no. 1 (January 2012): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2271-07.
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Risk management is implicit in transportation business practices. Administrators, planners, and engineers coordinate many organizational and technical resources to manage transportation network performance. Transportation agencies manage some of the largest and highest-valued public assets and budgets in federal, state, and local governments. It is the agencies' corporate responsibility to set clear strategic goals and objectives to manage these assets so economic growth and livability of their regions improves and the public gets the best value. Risks can affect an agency's ability to meet its goals and objectives. As network and delivery managers, these agencies must identify risks, assess the possible impacts, develop plans to manage the risks, and monitor the effectiveness of their actions. This paper presents the results of (a) a comprehensive literature review, (b) a state-of-the-practice survey of 43 U.S. transportation agencies, and (c) seven case studies from leading transportation organizations in Australia, England, Germany, the Netherlands, and Scotland. The paper concludes with recommendations for achieving enterprise risk management in U.S. highway agencies. Recommendations pertain to formalizing enterprise risk management approaches, embedding risk management in existing business processes, using risk management to build trust with transportation stakeholders, defining leadership and organizational responsibilities for risk management, identifying risk owners, supporting risk allocation strategies, and reexamining existing policies, processes, and standards through rigorous risk management analysis.
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Takos, Nick, Duncan Murray, and Ian O’Boyle. "Authentic Leadership in Nonprofit Sport Organization Boards." Journal of Sport Management 32, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2017-0282.
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To learn more about effective leadership of sport organizations, this study explored board member interactions in nonprofit sport boards and specifically the construct of authentic leadership and its impact on board functioning. This somewhat contrasts with the extant research on governance and boards, which has often focused on elements, such as structure, process, and policy. Scholars have often explored the leadership theme within sport at the individual, coach, team, and sport department level. Limited attention has been afforded to studying leadership within the sport governance domain, although the importance of gaining a greater understanding of this area has been noted by both industry and researchers alike. A case study investigation of the Australian Football League exploring authentic leadership in Australian Football League club boards is presented in this paper. Ten Australian Football League clubs took part in the study, and 51 in-depth interviews were conducted with participants (board members) from clubs located across Australia. Interviews were analyzed using an interpretive process, and a thematic structure relating to leadership, board dynamics, and authenticity was developed. Ultimately, three key components of authenticity emerged as highly influential on board effectiveness: relational orientation, self-awareness, and balanced processing. These findings suggest that the nature of relationships between board members, particularly the chair and chief executive officer, is more positively influential on board functionality if characterized by authenticity and likely to lead to higher levels of trust, reduced disharmony, and limiting the formation of harmful subgroups.
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Rajamanthri, Dr Senani. "Current trends of HRM towards Effectiveness of the organisation." Archives of Business Research 9, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.95.10135.
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Human Resource Management (HRM) like many other fields in Business continues to rely largely on trends in the practices strategic objectives in maximising the performance of the employee while understanding them towards the effectiveness of the organisation. The HR Management Trends is the one which is concerned with focusing on the organizational design, system, HR and policies. It is essential that Human Resource Management is operating appropriately and in accordance with the latest trends impacted by ‘Covid19’ and technology to be able to deal with the business life challenges. In the study, current trends of HRM and their implications are identified and evaluated in understanding the present challenges towards better performing organisational activities following the design, system, HR and policies leading to the effectiveness of the company ensuring sustainable competitive advantage. Methodology utilizes the reviewing the current findings on studies coupled with a survey done with senior managers/HR managers of the corporate sector in the world with special reference to Australia.
Hence, in addition to the literature review, this study was based on senior line managers and HR managers, and measures a range of subjective and objective outcomes. The analysis confirms the strong positive relationship between HR focused practices and HR effectiveness and it is proven that more the strong HR focused practices leads to higher range of performance outcomes. The associations are mostly stronger for HR effectiveness. There are low levels of agreement between HR and line managers about HR effectiveness and where agreement exists; it is not associated with superior outcomes. According to the study it is revealed that trends including personalisation of individual needs, work-life balance, Trusting issue of technology and leaders, Balancing three bottom-lines via proper managing HR towards CSR and sustainability, attitude towards Development, decreasing of the Employee Experience, withdrawn Paternalism, People Analytics, More expectation out of less effort (smart move), dealing with big innovative technology, HR is about People, HR Innovation Labs mainly resulted by the trends including handling the Covid19 context. This study, therefore, confirms the importance of HR effectiveness by well addressing these upcoming trends including handling the impact of Covid19 towards higher productivity and sustainable competitive advantage through proper managing most valuable live resource: people. It could be safely concluded that impact of coronavirus (Covid19) towards HRM as an accelerator for defining the role of the corporation, remote working, re-skilling, skills based hiring, and the transformation of corporate learning.
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Kummer, Tyge-F., Kishore Singh, and Peter Best. "The effectiveness of fraud detection instruments in not-for-profit organizations." Managerial Auditing Journal 30, no. 4/5 (May 5, 2015): 435–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-08-2014-1083.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of fraud detection instruments in not-for-profit (NFP) organizations. Not-for-profit organizations rely on trust and volunteer support. They are often small in size and do not have relevant expertise to prevent fraud. Such organizations are more vulnerable to fraud and, consequently, require effective fraud detection instruments. The existing literature on fraud detection is primarily descriptive and does not measure instrument performance. The authors address this research gap and provide a detailed overview of the impact of nine common fraud detection instruments. Design/methodology/approach – Data were obtained from an NFP fraud survey conducted in Australia and New Zealand. A set of contingency tables is produced to explore the relationship between the existence of a specific fraud detection instrument and actual detection of fraud. We also investigate the relationship between organization size and fraud detection strategy. Findings – The findings provide valuable insights into understanding fraud detection mechanisms. Although most fraud detection measures may not lead to more fraud detection, three highly effective instruments emerge, namely, fraud control policies, whistle-blower policies and fraud risk registers. The results also reveal that commonly used fraud detection instruments are not necessarily the most effective. This is true in a significant number of small organizations that appear to be focusing on ineffective fraud detection instruments. Practical implications – Implementation of more effective fraud detection measures will reduce the damage caused to an organization and is highly relevant for practitioners. Originality/value – The results show that differences in the effectiveness of fraud detection instruments in the NFP sector exist. This knowledge is directly applicable by related organizations to reduce fraud damage.
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Syed Mustapha Nazri, Sharifah Nazatul Faiza, Salwa Zolkaflil, and Normah Omar. "Mitigating financial leakages through effective money laundering investigation." Managerial Auditing Journal 34, no. 2 (February 4, 2019): 189–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-03-2018-1830.
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Purpose This paper aims to conduct a comparison on the effectiveness of the law enforcement agencies (LEAs) of Australia and Malaysia in investigating money laundering cases by looking into the legal system and operational issues faced in conducting the investigation. Design/methodology/approach The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze the data collected from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Mutual Evaluation Report, focusing on the information outlined in the third chapter. The legal system and operational issues cover the area of technical compliance and effectiveness compliance, which were introduced in the latest FATF Evaluation Methodology issued in 2013. Findings The results show that both countries have the power needed to investigate money laundering and terrorism financing under their respective Anti-Money Laundering Act. However, Australia is seen to have a better investigative support system to assist LEAs during the investigation process. This explains the reason for difficulties in increasing the number of prosecutions for money laundering and terrorism financing cases. Hence, improvement actions are needed in curbing this issue. Practical implications The result suggests that Malaysia should strengthen the cooperation, coordination and capacity among LEAs to ensure effective targeting, investigation and prosecution of money laundering. The government should also revise the money laundering investigation time frame and broaden the power of LEAs in retrieving information during the investigation process. Malaysia should also enhance the investigative support system, which will be helpful for LEAs in gathering sufficient evidence to support their money laundering charges. Unlimited power in gathering evidence is prominent to charge money launders as it helps to gather information required for prosecution. Originality/value Prior literature focuses on the prevention mechanism, where this paper aims to focus on detection and investigation mechanism focusing on money laundering investigation conducted by LEAs. Lack of study on money laundering investigation calls for this research to be done to understand the strengths and weaknesses to improve its effectiveness in the future.
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Auzair, Sofiah Md. "A configuration approach to management control systems design in service organizations." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 11, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): 47–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-08-2012-0064.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to utilize a configuration approach to examine the relationships between multiple contingent variables and management control systems (MCS) in service organizations from various industries. The contingent variables include service process type, cost leadership and differentiation strategies, environmental unpredictability, change and complexity and organizational life cycle stage. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaires were administered to the financial controllers of service organizations operating in Australia. Cluster analysis is utilized to reveal the MCSs fit. Findings The data reveals that high-performing service organizations are those firms that place high emphasis on a differentiation strategy. The lower performers, on the other hand, are firms with a lack of emphasis on both cost leadership and differentiation strategies. Overall, the data demonstrates that strategic orientation plays an important role in high-performing organizations and the ability to incorporate various contingent situations determines the effectiveness of an organization. Practical implications The potentially broad framework offered in this study allows managers from various service industries to relate the variations in the combination of situations to those of their firms. The service managers’ experience with certain type of combinations can assist them to identify the strategic position of their respective organizations. Consequently, service managers can estimate the prospect for further development to enhance the firm performance. Originality/value This study offers a holistic view of the multiple and simultaneous relationships between contingent factors and MCS design in service organizations using a configuration approach. This paper contributes to the literature on organizational configurations in particular by studying the systematic nature of effective MCSs in service organizations when adapting to the contextual settings of the organizations.
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France, Tami, Lize Booysen, and Carol Baron. "Cross-cultural professional experiences of female expatriates." Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 26, no. 4 (December 5, 2019): 522–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-05-2018-0062.
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Purpose In this world of global interconnectedness, women continue to develop cross-cultural careers and their experiences impact global scholarship and practice. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationships, resources and characteristics that support female expatriate success, with specific focus on the role of mentor/coach relationships. The sample included 102 women from the USA, Canada, Australia and the UK working or formerly working in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau or Taiwan. Design/methodology/approach This three phase sequential mixed-methods exploratory research study included 10 one-on-one semi-structured interviews, 102 survey respondents and 3 facilitated focus groups attended by nine professional women. Findings This research offers evidence that resiliency-based characteristics must be cultivated and developed to support expatriate cross-cultural success. These characteristics can be cultivated through relying on multiple relationships, such as mentors, coaches, host country liaisons, expatriate colleagues, friends and family as well as by supporting and mentoring others. These characteristics can also be developed through specific cultural experiences, knowledge and skill building resources, as well as developing an informed view of self and identity clarity through reflective activities. Originality/value Based on the overall findings, a cross-cultural professional success model was designed and implications for scholarship, organizational effectiveness and cross-cultural leadership practice are presented.
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McGrath, Pam, Saras Henderson, Sidney Cabral, and David Crompton. "Australian overseas trained psychiatrists’ perspective of up-skilling programme." Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice 9, no. 2 (June 3, 2014): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmhtep-12-2013-0038.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report research findings on the perspectives of overseas trained psychiatrists (OTPs) on the “The Overseas Trained Specialist Up-Skilling Programme” (OTSUP), initiated in Queensland, Australia to assist OTP's to prepare for the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrist (RANZCP) Fellowship examination. Ascertaining and utilisation of OTP's views about the programme will enable improvements to be made to the programme and better implementation. Design/methodology/approach – An exploratory qualitative design was utilised for the study in order to provide insights on the quality and effectiveness of the OTSUP. Findings – Centred around two main themes. The first theme included participant's knowledge about the up-skilling programme with its subthemes of “finding out about the programme”; “perceived aims of the programme”; and “educational events supporting the programme”. The second theme revolved around participants’ perceived benefits of the up-skilling programme with its four subthemes such as, first, individualised support, second, the opportunity to improve practical and communication skills through OTSUP educational events, third, access to peer support and fourth, provision of specific information on the RANZCP examination process. Research limitations/implications – Limitations as this was a qualitative study, the findings can only be applicable to a similar context. Nevertheless, the findings do provide support for an educational initiative that assisted the OTS to better prepare for the RANZCP examination. To gain further insight into challenges faced by OTS with successfully passing the examination in less frequent attempts, programmes such as the OTSUP need to be improved and sustained. Originality/value – The findings provide valuable insight into how OTPs view the up-skilling programme. Moreover, the findings pave the way forward in how the programme can be improved in the future to assist OTPs prepare for the RANZCP examination.
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Сахарчук, Елена, and Elena Sakharchuk. "Organizational and methodological development bases of national concept of Russian vocational tourism education drawing on international experience." Universities for Tourism and Service Association Bulletin 10, no. 4 (December 19, 2016): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23570.
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This article outlines the main features of the study of organizational and methodological basis of the development of the national concept of vocational tourism education of Russia on international experience. The study was conducted from 2008 to the year 2016 and consisted of several stages. The first stage was characterized by the analysis of scientific literature on the problems of professional education in the field of tourism with the aim of defining paradigms of development, the specifics of the formation of the national industry model of education, the ratio of global and national interests in the simulation of the system of professional tourist education, methodology of pedagogical system study, conceptualization and modeling. During this period, was studied the world experi- ence of professional tourism education and identified 9 Western models of greatest interest in the context of the study: Australia, Austria, UK, Germany, Canada, Norway, Finland, France and Switzerland. The second stage was a program of experimental work and launched the preparatory phase of its implementation. Identified the characteristics of the actual public demand for specialists tourist profile; identified the dominant behavior patterns of graduates of tourism institutes; developed procedures and content of evaluation of professional competencies in tourism. The third stage was characterized by the generalization of theoretical and methodological approaches and of representations associated with the research and development of organizational-pedagogical conditions of implementation of the national system of professional tourism education. Was the experimental work with the aim of ascertaining the current status of personnel training for tourism in Russia, as well as testing a number of conceptual provisions of the theory of systemic organization of professional tourism education, concerning its structure (unity of subsystems: consumer, content, function and regulation), educational content and evaluation of its re- sults. During the fourth phase was analyzed organizational-pedagogical model of Western countries, summarized the results of their comparative analysis, which identified global trends and invariant constructs the international system of professional tourist education. At this stage, identified the essence and developed the conceptual basis of formation of national system of professional tourism education in the context of solving problems of modernization of the industry education and taking into account external trends and challenges. At the fifth stage was developed and piloted innovative courses, academic disciplines, and innovative training course of teachers training areas «Tourism» and «Hospitality»; the identified indicators of the level of satisfaction with the quality of the educational product consumers (employers of tourism and of graduates of educational institutions) on the effectiveness of technology praxiological learning in educational institutions in the field of tourism. This article describes the relevance of the main problem, object, subject, topic, hypothesis, aim, objectives and main results of the study.
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Lysons, Art. "The typology of organizational effectiveness in Australian higher education." Research in Higher Education 34, no. 4 (August 1993): 465–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00991855.
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Nugus, Peter, Geetha Ranmuthugala, Josianne Lamothe, David Greenfield, Joanne Travaglia, Kendall Kolne, Julia Kryluk, and Jeffrey Braithwaite. "New ways to get policy into practice." Journal of Health Organization and Management 32, no. 6 (September 17, 2018): 809–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-09-2017-0239.
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Purpose Health service effectiveness continues to be limited by misaligned objectives between policy makers and frontline clinicians. While capturing the discretion workers inevitably exercise, the concept of “street-level bureaucracy” has tended to artificially separate policy makers and workers. The purpose of this paper is to understand the role of social-organizational context in aligning policy with practice. Design/methodology/approach This mixed-method participatory study focuses on a locally developed tool to implement an Australia-wide strategy to engage and respond to mental health services for parents with mental illness. Researchers: completed 69 client file audits; administered 64 staff surveys; conducted 24 interviews and focus groups (64 participants) with staff and a consumer representative; and observed eight staff meetings, in an acute and sub-acute mental health unit. Data were analyzed using content analysis, thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. Findings Based on successes and shortcomings of the implementation (assessment completed for only 30 percent of clients), a model of integration is presented, distinguishing “assimilist” from “externalist” positions. These depend on the degree to which, and how, the work environment affords clinicians the setting to coordinate efforts to take account of clients’ personal and social needs. This was particularly so for allied health clinicians and nurses undertaking sub-acute rehabilitative-transitional work. Originality/value A new conceptualization of street-level bureaucracy is offered. Rather than as disconnected, it is a process of mutual influence among interdependent actors. This positioning can serve as a framework to evaluate how and under what circumstances discretion is appropriate, and to be supported by managers and policy makers to optimize client-defined needs.
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Cadilhac, Dominique A., Tara Purvis, Monique F. Kilkenny, Mark Longworth, Katherine Mohr, Michael Pollack, and Christopher R. Levi. "Evaluation of Rural Stroke Services." Stroke 44, no. 10 (October 2013): 2848–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.113.001258.
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Background and Purpose— The quality of hospital care for stroke varies, particularly in rural areas. In 2007, funding to improve stroke care became available as part of the Rural Stroke Project (RSP) in New South Wales (Australia). The RSP included the employment of clinical coordinators to establish stroke units or pathways and protocols, and more clinical staff. We aimed to describe the effectiveness of RSP in improving stroke care and patient outcomes. Methods— A historical control cohort design was used. Clinical practice and outcomes at 8 hospitals were compared using 2 medical record reviews of 100 consecutive ischemic or intracerebral hemorrhage patients ≥12 months before RSP and 3 to 6 months after RSP was implemented. Descriptive statistics and multivariable analyses of patient outcomes are presented. Results— Sample: pre-RSP n=750; mean age 74 (SD, 13) years; women 50% and post-RSP n=730; mean age 74 (SD, 13) years; women 46%. Many improvements in stroke care were found after RSP: access to stroke units (pre 0%; post 58%, P <0.001); use of aspirin within 24 hours of ischemic stroke (pre 59%; post 71%, P <0.001); use of care plans (pre 15%; post 63%, P <0.001); and allied health assessments within 48 hours (pre 65%; post 82% P <0.001). After implementation of the RSP, patients directly admitted to an RSP hospital were 89% more likely to be discharged home (adjusted odds ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.34–2.66). Conclusions— Investment in clinical coordinators who implemented organizational change, together with increased clinician resources, effectively improved stroke care in rural hospitals, resulting in more patients being discharged home.
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Teo, Stephen T. T., Titien Ahmad, and John J. Rodwell. "HR Role Effectiveness and Organizational Culture in Australian Local Government." Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources 41, no. 3 (December 1, 2003): 298–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1038411103041003004.
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Karim, K., M. Marosszeky, and M. Kumaraswamy. "Organizational effectiveness model for quality management systems in the Australian construction industry." Total Quality Management & Business Excellence 16, no. 6 (August 2005): 793–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14783360500077617.
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D'Netto, Brian, Fotini Bakas, and Prashant Bordia. "Predictors of management development effectiveness: an Australian perspective." International Journal of Training and Development 12, no. 1 (March 2008): 2–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2419.2007.00292.x.
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Westbrook, J. I., J. C. Wyatt, and E. Coiera. "Section 1: Health and Clinical Mangement: The Safety and Quality of Decision Support Systems." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 15, no. 01 (August 2006): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638469.
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SummaryThe use of clinical decision support systems (CDSS) can improve the overall safety and quality of health care delivery, but may also introduce machine-related errors. Recent concerns about the potential for CDSS to harm patients have generated much debate, but there is little research available to identify the nature of such errors, or quantify their frequency or clinical impact.A review of recent literature into electronic prescribing systems, as well as related literature in decision support.There seems to be some evidence for variation in the outcomes of using CDSS, most likely reflecting variations in clinical setting, culture, training and organizational process, independent of technical variables. There is also preliminary evidence that poorly implemented CDSS can lead to increased mortality in some settings. Studies in the US, UK and Australia have found commercial prescribing systems often fail to uniformly detect significant drug interactions, probably because of errors in their knowledge base. Electronic medication management systems may generate new types of error because of user-interface design, but al so because of events in the workplace such as distraction affecting the actions of system users. Another potential source of CDSS influenced errors are automation biases, including errors of omission where individuals miss important data because the system does not prompt them to notice them, and errors of commission where individuals do what the decision aid tells to do, even when this contradicts their training and other available data. Errors of dismissal occur when relevant alerts are ignored. On-line decision support systems may also result in errors where clinicians come to an incorrect assessment of the evidence, possibly shaped in part by cognitive decision biases.The effectiveness of decision support systems, like all other health IT, cannot be assessed purely by evaluating the usability and performance of the software, but is the outcome of a complex set of cognitive and socio-technical interactions. A deeper understanding of these issues can result in the design of systems which are not just intrinsically ‘safe’ but which also result in safe outcomes in the hands of busy or poorly resourced clinicians.
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Zare, Parisa, Christopher Pettit, Simone Leao, Ori Gudes, and Balamurugan Soundararaj. "Geo-Design in Planning for Bicycling: An Evidence-Based Approach for Collaborative Bicycling Planning." Land 11, no. 11 (October 31, 2022): 1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11111943.
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In recent times, cities have increasingly promoted bicycling as a mode of transport as part of their strategy to develop a more sustainable transportation system. Australia is one of the countries that seeks to promote bicycling in a significant manner. There are two primary barriers faced in this effort. The first is the organizational complexity of planning and of implementing cycling-related projects, which can span across different agencies in government at various levels, from federal to local. Second is the lack of a clear framework for effectively planning a bicycling network using multiple data and tools available to these agencies within a limited budget. This study investigates the use of a geo-design-based, collaborative, and data-driven framework for planning bicycling networks, which brings various stakeholders, such as transport planners, urban designers, and academics, into the planning practice, thus overcoming the mentioned barriers. Geo-design is an environmental design framework for complex problems involving the collaboration of different teams and stakeholders, supported by digital computing and communication technologies. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study in the literature applying the geo-design approach for bicycling planning. Therefore, this study aims to develop and test a geo-design framework for planning bicycling networks to examine possible design scenarios and facilitate decision-making processes. In this regard, this study developed a geo-design framework for planning for bicycling using various bicycling-related datasets and digital tools, such as the Agent-Based Model. Then, it applied the framework to design a real-world bicycle network through a geo-design workshop while examining the usefulness and effectiveness of the developed procedures and tools. Policymakers attended the geo-design workshop from the local government authority of the case study area, Penrith, and post-graduate level urban planning students from UNSW. Due to COVID-19-related restrictions, the workshop was held in a hybrid format, with half of the participants joining online. The results of this study revealed that by facilitating collaboration and applying data-driven approaches, the proposed geo-design bicycling framework could improve the process of planning for bicycling infrastructure. This study also enabled the research team to understand the strengths and limitations of the developed framework and associated tools, which will help to optimize them for other planning practices in the future.
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Dabscheck, Braham. "Playing the Team Game: Unions in Australian Professional Team sports." Journal of Industrial Relations 38, no. 4 (December 1996): 600–628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569603800405.
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League and club officials in different Australian professional team sports have initiated a variety of labour market controls that have restricted the economic freedom and income-earning potential of players. Since before the First World War, different generations of players in a variety of sports have attempted to use collective action to respond to these and other employment problems. Most of these attempts were abortive or shortlived. It is only in the 1990s that Australian player associations have experienced the successes usually afforded to unionism. This paper examines the historical and contemporary record of player associa tions in Australian team sports. It begins with an examination of the various labour market rules that have governed the employment of players. This is followed by an analysis of problems of organizational effectiveness that have traditionally dogged the operation of player associations. The next section focuses on developments in the 1990s. With the exception of rugby league and baseballers, player associations have solved organizational problems of the past, and have possessed leaders able to develop a bargaining relationship with their respective leagues and clubs.1
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Wriedt, Kimberley, Daryl Oehm, Brendon Moss, and Prem Chopra. "Perinatal mental health cultural responsiveness training – an evaluation." Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice 9, no. 2 (June 3, 2014): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmhtep-05-2013-0020.
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Purpose – Women from culturally and linguistically diverse communities face barriers to accessing perinatal mental health care. Victorian Transcultural Mental Health (VTMH) is a state-wide service in Victoria, Australia, that supports specialist mental health service providers to improve cultural responsiveness. VTMH provided training for perinatal health professionals in cultural responsiveness. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – A curriculum was specifically developed based on a literature review, consultation forum, and input from members of an industry-based reference group. An Evaluation Tool was designed to collect participants’ feedback regarding the perceived relevance of the training content and its impact on practice. Responses were analysed using quantitative techniques and thematic analysis. Findings – Nine face-to-face training sessions were provided, in metropolitan and rural regions. In all, 174 professionals of various backgrounds (including midwives, mental health professionals, and maternal child health nurses) attended. In all, 161 completed evaluations were received and responses indicated that the training was of high relevance to the target workforce, that the training would have implications for their practice, and support was given for further training to be delivered using online methods. Research limitations/implications – First, an assessment of the cultural competence of participants prior to enrolment in the course was not conducted, and no matched control group was available for comparison with the participants. Second, generalisability of these findings to other settings requires further investigation. Third, the sustainability of the project is an area for further study in the future. Fourth, other methods including direct interviews of focus groups with participants may have yielded more detailed qualitative feedback regarding the effectiveness of the programme. Practical implications – To facilitate the sustainability of the project, following the face-to-face training, an online training module and a resource portal were developed, offering links to relevant web sites and resources for health professionals working in this field. Originality/value – The training addressed a significant unmet need for cultural responsiveness training for a diverse range of practitioners in the field of perinatal mental health. Online training can be adapted from face-to-face training and it is anticipated that online training will facilitate the sustainability of this initiative.
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Goodwins, David, Kanupriya Negi, and Peter Van Diermen. "Gearing up for Trade—Evaluating Australia's Contribution to Trade Facilitation in South East Asia and the Pacific." Evaluation Journal of Australasia 17, no. 1 (March 2017): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035719x1701700106.
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Trade facilitation refers to the simplification and harmonisation of international trade procedures to assist the movement of goods. It is a key factor for international trade efficiency and the economic development of countries. It has gained world prominence and recognition under the World Trade Organization's (2015) Trade facilitation agreement. Trade facilitation obstacles are now considered bigger barriers to trade than tariffs and quotas. Developing countries are increasingly looking at trade facilitation measures to enhance administrative efficiency and effectiveness, reduce costs and time to markets, and increase predictability in global trade. But how is Australia positioned to assist countries with this transition? The Gearing up for trade evaluation assessed the effectiveness of Australia's support for trade facilitation in Asia and the Pacific, and examined whether the investments have assisted partner countries to better integrate with regional and global economies. The evaluation focussed on four major Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) trade facilitation investments and found that they have been effective in addressing capacity issues, encouraging pro-poor outcomes, and exemplify good global practice. To assist with future programming, the evaluation recommended some practical improvements to the DFAT program and investment managers in the use of integrated approaches, private sector engagement, gender equality and women's economic empowerment, and monitoring and evaluation.
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Loh, Claire, David H. Wong, Ali Quazi, and Russel Philip Kingshott. "Re-examining students’ perception of e-learning: an Australian perspective." International Journal of Educational Management 30, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-08-2014-0114.
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Purpose – Australian tertiary institutions are increasingly incorporating technologies, such as social media and Web 2.0 tools into teaching in response to changing student needs. The purpose of this paper is to revisit a fundamental question, frequently asked in marketing, “what do our ‘customers’ [students] think now?” This will help determine the effectiveness of application of these technologies in courses and teaching programs in a changing competitive educational environment. Design/methodology/approach – Using a mixed method approach, data were collected through 31 qualitative interviews and a survey of 231 university marketing students. Quantitative techniques included summary statistics, factor analysis and t-test. Findings – Results indicate while students’ perceived flexibility and better learning outcomes as positive aspects of e-learning, they have concerns about flexibility for self-paced learning, self-motivational issues, lack of human interaction and fostering teamwork. Research limitations/implications – The study is limited to one Australian university operating in domestic and international markets. However, the study needs to be replicated for better generalizability across the sector. Practical implications – The findings question the effectiveness of e-learning as an alternative approach to face-to-face learning pedagogy. However, regular review of current e-learning tools is needed to help match student and tertiary institution expectations. Originality/value – This study re-investigates students’ perception in relation to the benefits that e-learning is expected to yield. It is one of the few studies questioning whether these promised benefits are valued by the tertiary student fraternity.
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Ahmed, Ishtiaq. "Clinical Hand Over: A neglected domain in our Health Care." Isra Medical Journal 14, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.55282/imj.ed60.
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Clinical handover or shift handover refers to “the transfer of professional responsibility and accountability for some or all aspects of care for a patient, or group of patients, to another person or professional group on a temporary or permanent basis1. It is considered a vital and valuable affair in healthcare pathway in a clinical practice. In fact, it is a complex domain in advanced communication skills in medical sciences, which is being recognized increasingly to enhance patient care and safety. It involves the effective communication of high‑quality clinical information while transferring the patients care responsibility to other person or clinical team or at change of shift or any time or transferring to another hospital2. In clinical practice, if relevant clinical information’s were not shared timely and accurately, may results delay in diagnosis, delayed or inappropriate treatment, any adverse events or omission of care. To overcome this, an effective and accurate clinical handover is very crucial in promoting health care continuity and patient safety3. The World Health Organization, Association of American Medical Colleges and Joint Commission4 has also recognized the importance and emphasize the need to improve handovers quality. These organizations have declared it a core entrustable professional activity and issued a mandate by emphasizing the health care institutes to standardize the handovers process and incorporate handover training of their employees in order to improve the consistency and minimize the vulnerability to errors5,6. It is estimated that in USA over 300 million, in Australia more than 40 million and in UK above 100 million clinical handovers are conducted each year7. Arguably, this number is making this practice most frequent and significant process in communication between clinicians and paramedical staff in providing safe patient care. Due to increasing emphasis on person-centered medical care all over the world, a change from traditional to structured handover’s practices is being developed. Literature is now favoring the use of a structured handover framework and advocates patient’s placement at the centre of their care. It is purely a communicative event which can only be achieved through linguistic exchange, by clinicians or paramedics discussion and writing which is conducted between outgoing and oncoming staff at the time of shift change or during patient hand over. This acts a key tool in ensuring the continuity of patient’s information’s which in turns are very important for the continuity of care8. For better outcome technological support like templates, internet, computers, soft wares etc are also used to enhance the effectiveness and safety of this process5,7. To meet the colleague, organizational and patients’ requirements, the staff and doctors should be made aware about its importance and trained to deliver an effective handover9,10. It is also imperative that doctors and paramedical staff should identify any potential barriers encountered during handovers to effectively address these obstacles. As a part of Good Medical Practice, it is recommended and expected that all health professionals should learn and practice excellent handover skills, in order to ensure effective communication between each other of important patients’ clinical information, to ensure patient safety and enable inter-professional collaboration10. It has been reported in literature that the poorly conducted shift handovers, most likely threaten patient’s quality of care, safety and continuity of care2.
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Teo, Stephen T. T., and John Crawford. "Indicators of Strategic HRM Effectiveness: A Case Study of an Australian Public Sector Agency during Commercialization." Public Personnel Management 34, no. 1 (March 2005): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102600503400101.
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This study examines the effectiveness of the human resource management (HRM) function of a public sector entity as it became corporatized. There has been little empirical research regarding the effectiveness of the people management functions within the Australian public sector as these entities went through a period of transition to commercialization. A questionnaire obtaining perceptions on different aspects of HR effectiveness, both before and after corporatization, was administered to a sample (N = 122) representing a number of different stakeholder groups of the corporate HRM unit. The results showed a moderate, but statistically significant, improvement in the effectiveness of HRM, and of the corporate HRM unit, as the host organization went through corporatization. Perceptions on HR effectiveness were not found to vary significantly between the different stakeholder groups. Regression analysis showed that the major predictors of the improvement in the overall effectiveness of the corporate HR unit were, firstly, changes in the level of satisfaction with the quality of the HR outcomes as a result of commercialization and, secondly, the change in extent to which the senior HR practitioner had effective influence over strategic decision-making processes.
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Shelemetieva, Tetiana, and Serhii Bulatov. "Activities of Tourist Information Centers: World Experience and Domestic Practice." Herald of the Economic Sciences of Ukraine, no. 2(37) (December 23, 2019): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37405/1729-7206.2019.2(37).205-211.
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The article substantiates the need to create tourist information centers in Ukraine as one of the important tools of information support for the development of modern tourism and the promotion of a national tourism product. The success of the tourism industry in Ukraine in the context of the formation of a global information space is largely determined by the effectiveness of information support for the tourism sector. It is noted that an important task of the policy of local authorities in tourism management is to improve the information support of this process, since without advertising and information that attracts consumers of certain services, the development of tourist and recreational activities is impossible. The activity of the TIC is extremely important for destinations with a significant share of independent tourists, because, in this case, they are the main centers for the provision of information services. The essence of the concept of “tourist information center” is revealed and its main tasks are defined. It was noted that the tourist information center is an important tool of the tourist infrastructure, with the help of which tourists and other tourism entities have the opportunity to receive complete tourist information and advisory services on tourism activities in the area and beyond. The TIC can provide information support to the system of state regulation and tourism management in the region, since it is necessary to constantly update the regulatory and informational and analytical framework that provides effective management of the development of tourism and resorts. The following goals of creating tourist information centers in Ukraine are proposed: promoting the development of domestic tourism; providing information to local and foreign tourists and tourist organizations; promoting cooperation between tourism organizations of the city; conducting trainings and seminars for specialists in the field of tourism; development of tourist opportunities of the city; attracting more tourists to the area; improving the competitive advantages of the area by improving the tourism infrastructure; replenishment of the local budget due to taxation of tourism business entities; rational use of tourist and recreational resources of the area; attracting investment in the tourism business; creating a positive international image and popularizing tourist areas. The world experience of organizational and economic aspects of the activity of tourist information centers is investigated. In the developed tourist countries of the world, an extensive modern network of tourist infrastructure institutions, which includes information centers, is successfully operating. Such establishments allow tourists to receive the necessary tourist information and advisory services on tourist destinations. In the USA, each state has its own tourist information centers. The “Hospitality Center” is a recreation area, including a center for visitors, they are funded by local taxes included in each bed. In South America, the most active tourist information centers operate in Peru. Free centers provide tourist information and assistance for domestic and foreign tourists. Information includes monuments and recommended itineraries. In Australia, most visitor centers are run by local or state authorities, and in some cases by the Tourism Operators Association on behalf of the government. These information centers provide services such as housing selection and booking tours (automobile, air, bus, rail). They are the first link in acquaintance of a visitor with a city or region. The practice of the work of tourist information centers in Ukraine is considered and a list of them is compiled. It is noted that today tourist information centers have been created in most regions of Ukraine and in small cities of the Western region of Ukraine. Keywords tourist information center, world experience, domestic practice, creation goals, objectives, activity results.
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Prajogo, Daniel I., and Adegoke Oke. "Human capital, service innovation advantage, and business performance." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 36, no. 9 (September 5, 2016): 974–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-11-2014-0537.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of human capital (HC) on service innovation advantage (SIA) and business performance (BP) in service sector firms, and how external environmental factors influence these relationships. Design/methodology/approach This study utilized a cross-sectional mail survey of a random sample of Australian service firms with the unit of analysis being at the firm level. In total, 228 usable responses were received. Findings The overall findings of this study show that HC is positively related to the creation of value or SIA which in turn results in rent generation for firms. The results further show that the effect of SIA on BP is influenced by environmental dynamism and competitiveness with dynamic environments enhancing the effect while competitive environments weakening it. Research limitations/implications The findings demonstrate the complementarity between the resource based theory and contingency theory as they clearly shows that the value of innovation as a firm’s capability is enhanced or weakened within a business environment that is more dynamic or competitive. Practical implications The findings demonstrate the importance of HC, and, thus, encourage managers to seek ways to harness and leverage HC for improving innovation and BP. In addition, the study also helps managers to understand the contingency effect of business environment on the effectiveness of innovation, hence, helping them in deliberating firms’ strategy in different business environments. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study which examines the effectiveness of HC as organizational resource for building SIA as a source of organizational competitive advantage.
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Hort, L., C. Atkinson, and J. Martin. "The Effectiveness of Work & Study Combinations for Individuals & Organisations: A Review of a Youth Training Scheme in Australian Local Government." Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources 29, no. 1 (September 1, 1991): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841119102900114.
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Jayawardena, Nirma Sadamali, Mitchell Ross, and Debra Grace. "Exploring the relationship between Australian university websites and international student enrolments." International Journal of Educational Management 34, no. 10 (July 24, 2020): 1527–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-02-2019-0068.
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PurposeThis paper focuses on exploring the relationship between Australian university websites and international student enrolments. Few studies have investigated this relationship and, as such, this research addresses some of the existing knowledge gaps.Design/methodology/approachA mono-method qualitative methodology was adopted for this study. Primary data collection was through the website content of selected Australian universities. Six Australian universities were selected; three universities with positive international student enrolments and three universities with negative international student enrolments. The website content of the selected six universities was analysed using the dimensions of the ICTRT framework (Li and Wang, 2011) to evaluate website effectiveness. The study results were based on two analysis levels, an overall thematic analysis (level 1) and an ICTRT framework-based analysis (level 2). The thematic analysis, based on the major themes and concepts, was conducted using Leximancer 4.5.FindingsTwo major findings emerged. First, the websites of universities with positive international student enrolments tend to be more people focused whereas websites from universities with negative international student enrolments tend to be technology or system focused. Second, websites from universities with positive international student enrolments tend to be more visionary or forward focused whereas websites from universities with negative international student enrolments tend to be more backward focused. Additionally, the study findings indicate some important website marketing strategies for Australian universities with negative international student enrolments.Research limitations/implicationsThis study used ICTRT framework to evaluate the websites of Australian universities. Li and Wang (2011) proposed this framework for evaluating websites. Hotel, travel agency and destination marketing organisation websites have been assessed using the ICTRT framework (Li and Wang, 2011; Pai et al., 2014; Sun et al., 2017). This model has not previously been used, however, to evaluate tertiary education websites. This study is among the first to examine the university websites using a theoretical framework employed in destination marketing organisations which is a major theoretical contribution.Practical implicationsThe major findings indicate that the website attributes, which are future focused and people oriented, are necessary for university websites with negative international student enrolments. Similar to university websites with positive international student enrolments, university websites with negative international student enrolments should also provide more contact details of staff members, should be more people oriented and should provide information focused on future students rather than past and current students. These practical implications are useful for administrative bodies in Australian universities for increasing international student enrolments.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to examine the university websites using a theoretical framework used in destination marketing organizations which is a major theoretical contribution. For example, this study has provided an illustrative example of how a research model of destination marketing organizations will be used in the universities or higher education context.
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Zakliki, Mohammad, and Chris Christodoulou. "The Impact of CEO Role Behaviour on Firm Performance." Journal of Management & Organization 2, no. 2 (March 1996): 30–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200006088.
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AbstractThe impact of executive leadership on organisational performance has been the focus of study for many years. This study, of CEOs of Australian publicly listed companies, used the Competing Values Framework developed by Hart and Quinn (1993) to measure CEO role behaviour. It consists of four competing roles: Vision Setter, Motivator, Analyser, and Task Master. These roles were tested against three dimensions of firm performance: Financial, Business, and Organisational Effectiveness Performance. The results showed that there was little functional connection between executive leadership and firm performance.Further, the organisational effectiveness factor was the domain of firm performance most influenced by CEOs. Task Master role was the only role behaviour which had a positive relationship with any domain of firm performance.Behavioural complexity of leadership behaviour had a positive relationship with organisational effectiveness performance in large firms and for firms following an analyser type of strategy. Behavioural complexity also had a positive relationship with business performance for firms following an analyser type of strategy. However, there was no association between behavioural complexity and financial performance regardless of situational factors.These findings suggest that effective CEOs are required to demonstrate paradoxical skills, and that any approach for developing management skills must involve a heavy dose of practical application.
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Chong, Vincent, and Simon Tak-wing Leung. "The effect of feedback, assigned goal levels and compensation schemes on task performance." Asian Review of Accounting 26, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 314–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-09-2017-0142.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the joint effects of performance feedback, assigned goal levels and types of compensation schemes (i.e. fixed-pay, piece-rate and goal attainment bonus) on subordinates’ task performance. Design/methodology/approach A laboratory experiment was employed to collect data. The subjects consisted of a total of 133 Australian business executives. The study used ANCOVA for data analyses, controlling subject’s practice trial scores as covariate. Findings The results provide strong support for a three-way interaction between performance feedback, assigned goal levels and types of compensation schemes on subordinates’ task performance. Specifically, the results reveal that the reliance of a piece-rate compensation scheme resulted in higher task performance when compared to fixed-pay and goal attainment bonus compensation schemes in the presence of performance feedback and assigned difficult goal levels situations. In addition, the results reveal that a goal attainment bonus compensation scheme leads to higher task performance when compared to a fixed-pay compensation scheme in the presence of performance feedback and assigned difficult goal levels situations. Originality/value These findings have important implications for compensation schemes design in firms that aim to achieve higher employees’ performance and organizational effectiveness.
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Murrey, R. "Book Reviews : Achieving Organisational Effectiveness: Case Studies in the Australian Service Sector, By Roy Kriegler, Peter Dawkins, Jane Ryan and Mark Wooden, Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1988. Paperback $19.95." Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources 28, no. 2 (May 1, 1990): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841119002800211.
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