Journal articles on the topic 'Organization of World Heritage Cities'
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1
Meskell, Lynn. "A tale of two cities: The fate of Delhi as UNESCO World Heritage." International Journal of Cultural Property 28, no. 1 (February 2021): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739121000102.
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AbstractThis article examines the trajectory and fate of Delhi’s Imperial Capital Cities nomination, submitted to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 2015 for inscription on the World Heritage List. I employ the dossier and events surrounding its withdrawal to reveal the political imbrications of urban conservation, international institutions, neoliberal governance, and colonial histories. First, I underscore the prominence of India as a member of the World Heritage Committee and its efforts to secure an increasing number of UNESCO properties. Second, I situate the dossier within the ambit of neoliberal governance that recalibrates and promotes urban heritage preservation, while similarly encouraging development and economic growth. Building upon this point, I consider how sustained government efforts to reframe Delhi as a “global city,” coupled with the identification of Delhi’s imperial capitals with Mughal and British rule, resulted in the dossier’s withdrawal. Third, the episode reveals tensions in this specific political moment over contemporary perceptions of imperial occupation and “foreign” empires, which plagued the dossier from the outset and continue to reverberate today. Finally, there are lessons to be learned for urban heritage in India and Asian heritage in general, outside the narrow purview of European cities, so many of which are already listed as World Heritage.
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Majhoshev, Darko, and Cane Koteski. "UNESCO LISTS FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE WORLD AND THEIR IMPACT ON TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: CASE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA." Knowledge International Journal 34, no. 5 (October 4, 2019): 1265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij34051265m.
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UNESCO was founded in 1946 as a UN specialized organization for the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage, whose main mission is to protect, promote and promote education, science and culture at the global level, ie to promote and respect human freedoms and rights. UNESCO has 195 member states and 8 associate members. UNESCO operates in five major programs: education, natural sciences, sociology, culture and communications. UNESCO, in its activities related to the protection of the world natural and cultural heritage, maintains separate Lists for specific areas. The most famous lists run by this organization are: World Heritage List; List of World Heritage in Danger; World Heritage List Nominations; List of UNESCO Global Geoparks; List of Creative Cities; List of Intangible Cultural Heritage; UNESCO Atlas of the Worlds Languages in Danger (Atlas Map). These lists are important for the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage, but they also have some impact on the sustainable development of tourism in the world. The Republic of Northern Macedonia, a member of UNESCO since 1993 with its natural beauties and cultural and historical heritage, is on some of the lists listed. The Ohrid region has been on the World Heritage List since 1979 and 1980 with its universal values, and in 2017 was nominated by the World Heritage Committee on the World Heritage List in danger of uncontrolled expansion. tourism, unplanned urban development and environmental destruction in the Ohrid region. The basic research question to be answered in the paper is "Are there natural or cultural heritage sites originating in the Republic of Northern Macedonia on the UNESCO Lists and does this affect the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage and the development of sustainable tourism?".
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Shirvani Dastgerdi, Ahmadreza, Giuseppe De Luca, and Carlo Francini. "Reforming Housing Policies for the Sustainability of Historic Cities in the Post-COVID Time: Insights from the Atlas World Heritage." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (December 27, 2020): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010174.
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In recent years, finding affordable housing has been a notable challenge for the residents of historic cities in Europe. This paper aims to develop a novel vision for improving housing policies in the post-COVID time to moderate the long-lasting issue of affordable housing in historic cities. The research was developed based on the findings of the Atlas World Heritage in 2019. In this project, five European Art Cities, namely Florence, Edinburgh, Bordeaux, Porto, and Santiago de Compostela, discussed their common management challenges through the shared learning method. Focusing on the case study of Florence and using a mixed-method, we collected data through the municipality of Florence, map analysis, and distribution of a questionnaire among the city residents. Then, we used inductive reasoning to explain how reforming housing policies in the post-COVID time could moderate the long-lasting issue of affordable housing in historic cities. The findings suggest that housing policies need to be supported simultaneously at both international and local levels. From the international perspective, associated cultural heritage organizations, like United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and its advisory bodies and the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), need to develop restriction policies that manage tourism flows in historic cities like increasing the airline taxation. At the local level, Florence needs decisive housing policies that ban the growth of illegal tourist accommodation in the city. However, the privilege of establishing new hotels can be awarded in suburban or rural areas to support sustainable tourism goals.
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Jani, Mohd Hiriy Ghazali@Mohd, Abdullah Sumrahadi, and Bahtiar Mohamad. "The Role of Newspaper and State Government in Conservation of World Heritage Site in Malaysia." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 1 (March 7, 2018): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i1.12780.
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Currently, there are two historical sites has been recognized as World Heritage Site by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in Malaysia, which are Melaka (Malacca) and George Town, Penang. Since its recognition, those cities becomes so famous and positioned as one of the world tourism attraction that need to visit. In line with this prestige, conservation matter definitely appears to be a major concern especially to both cities in order to maintain the status given. The paper aims to discover the local daily newspaper of The Star in terms of its portrayal of image on the historic or heritage buildings within the areas of World Heritage Site. Content analysis and previous literature were used as the research method. The findings show that indeed the images of photo could influence the public reader and create awareness of the issues raised. Behind the image thus, this paper would also examine at the role of the state in an effort to conserve the historic buildings of these two cities. Studies on image or visual are still rare in the country and therefore, this paper intend to fill this gap by associating it with the cultural heritage conservation in Malaysia.
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Pilkevych, Viktoriia. "Cultural and Natural Sites in China on the UNESCO World Heritage List." Ethnic History of European Nations, no. 68 (2022): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2518-1270.2022.68.13.
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The protection and popularization of culture becomes actual because there are danger of wars, armed interventions, natural disasters, large tourist flows, active reconstruction of cities. The preservation of the world heritage is one of the main directions of UNESCO’s activity. Organization adopted Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1972. According this Convention the World Heritage Committee was founded which compiles updates and publishes World Heritage List. China has joined the cooperation work to protect the world heritage of humanity. The state adopted Convention in 1985. The country was a member of the World Heritage Committee (1991–1997, 1999–2005, 2007–2011, 2017–2021). Special attention was given Chinese cultural and natural sites in the UNESCO World Heritage List in article. Today there are 56. They are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List according to criteria. Chinese cultural and natural sites are unique, special, beautiful cultural, natural and mixed sites. Heritage represents the history, philosophy, religion, identity of country. Chine introduces the world to its own culture, draws attention to the problems of heritage protection. The author studies the cooperation between China and UNESCO in the direction of world heritage preservation, which includes different projects, activities, exchange of experience with other countries. Protection, conservation, authenticity, integrity, principles and process of preservation, cultural diversity, reconstruction, management, presentation, tourism management, and training are important problems in relationship between China and UNESCO. Author outlines China’s contribution to the preservation of cultural and natural heritage, measures to improve the protection of sites, activities with other countries to protect world heritage. The perspectives of cooperation between the China and UNESCO of the nomination of new objects to the World Heritage List have been determined.
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Kovpak, Volodymyr. "INFLUENCE OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES AS MEGA-EVENT ON URBANIZATION PROCESSES IN THE CITY AND THE REGION." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 77 (May 24, 2021): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2021.77.241-252.
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In recent decades, the Olympic Games have become one of the most important mega-events in the world. The large number of cities applying for the Olympics and the increase in mega-event budgets indicate that the leadership of cities and regions perceive the possibility of holding the Olympics as a tool to improve economic and social aspects in cities by accumulating investment.
Since its inception, the Olympic Games have closely influenced urbanization processes in host societies. From the second half of the 20th century, a significant evolution can be observed via increasing the scale of the mega-event: from the Olympic mono-stadium to the Olympic quarter, urban and regional planning. Thus, the Olympics began to provide investment not only in sports infrastructure but also in becoming an element of urban and regional renewal and development, introducing changes in transport infrastructure, housing, parks, streets, public space.
From the point of view of urban and regional planning, the holding of such a mega-event as the Olympics is considered within the concept of the Olympic heritage; namely, researchers study the material impact of mega-events. The tangible Olympic legacy is divided into sports and non-sports. The sports heritage of mega-events includes sports facilities, as well as training facilities. The non-sporting heritage of the mega-event includes the Olympic Villages (after the mega-event, the Olympic Village usually becomes the city's housing stock), the media center (which has the potential to become a shopping, entertainment, exhibition, or multicenter), renewed transport infrastructure and public and park spaces, urban environment.
Especially for cities hosting a mega-event, the benefits of hosting the Olympics can be vast and varied. In the post-Fordism world, cities began to consider the possibility of holding the Olympics as a tool for the revival of the city. Such applications can be called "regeneration games". The Olympic Games can be part of a strategic plan to renovate the city, significantly change the urban environment, improve transport infrastructure, and affect the quality of life in the city. However, the mega-event can have a negative impact on the city, forming an overuse of funds or the implementation of unnecessary infrastructure of the city, which declines after the Olympics.
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Haji Guliling, Hasnawati, and Yuhanis Abdul Aziz. "Historical Service Quality Assessment of Malaysia’s World Heritage Site." Journal of International Business, Economics and Entrepreneurship 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jibe.v3i2.14428.
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The tourism sector is experiencing a remarkable constant progress and becoming one of the fastest growing economic sectors globally. In this context, it is interest for the academics and destination marketing organizations to undertake a dedicated study that gives a greater understanding of the concept of satisfaction in enhancing tourists’ loyalty. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the impact of service quality as one of the key antecedents affecting tourists’ satisfaction and loyalty towards selected destinations of the World Heritage Site in Malaysia. To confine the scope of the study, the area of interest focuses on a specific type of city, namely the Heritage City. The historical cities of Melaka and George Town inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage City in Malaysia are chosen in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the tourists’ attitudes towards heritage city. The sample consists of 450 international and domestic tourists who visited the heritage city. Theoretically, the study contributes to the body of knowledge by emphasizing on key antecedents affecting tourists’ behaviour. Practically, the research findings imply suggestive value to destination marketing planning for Malaysian tourist destinations. At the conclusion, the study makes suggestion of the employment of HISTOQUAL model, which provides a detailed and valuable insight into the service quality assessment of the heritage settings.
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Patria, Teguh Amor. "Dinamika Perkembangan Pariwisata Pusaka: Tinjauan dari Sisi Penawaran dan Permintaan di Kota Bandung." Binus Business Review 6, no. 2 (August 31, 2015): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v6i2.960.
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Tourism is one of the largest industries in the world today, and heritage tourism is one tourism segment that has shown a rapid growth. Heritage tourism in Indonesia only began to grow in the beginning of this millennium, marked by emergence of heritage tourism organizations in a number of major cities. In the city of Bandung, heritage tourism activities were initially organized in 2003 following the birth of Bandung Trails. The organization has been active in organizing heritage tours annually. Identification of heritage tourism development, both from demand and supply side, is the goal of a research that became the basis for this paper. The type of the research is qualitatiive and the population taken was the participants of tours organized by the Bandung Trails between 2003 and 2007. Samples were chosen randomly involving around 750 respondents who were given questionnaires from which primary data of profiles and demand patterns were generated. Aside from that, secondary data from literatures were used to identify the conditions of heritage tourism products at the supply side. Heritage tourism is a new phenomenon in Bandung that began to develop in the early millennium and pioneered by grassroots communities in heritage conservation. Findings of this research include, from the supply side, some challenges in the development of heritage tourism in Bandung, such as weak law enforcement, limited economic condition of local communities, and lack of attachment between the communities and heritage objects. From the demand side, heritage tourists in Bandung was domnated by young people aged 19-30 (78%) and it is assumed that there is a connection between level of education and interest in heritage tourism.
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Connolly, Creighton. "Worlding cities through transportation infrastructure." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 51, no. 3 (September 18, 2018): 617–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18801020.
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This paper engages with emerging literature on worlding cities in analysing the contested ways in which mid-sized cities attempt to ‘globalize’ through the redevelopment of urban infrastructure, and in particular, transportation infrastructure. The paper focuses specifically on the World Heritage City of Penang, Malaysia and critically examines controversies over the extensive urban redevelopment and regeneration projects that have emerged since 2012. In particular, it examines the ambitious Penang Transport Master Plan (PTMP), which has posed considerable implications for the city’s heritage landscapes, but also several socio-environmental impacts. The paper analyses the state government’s vision for the PTMP, before turning to an alternative strategy and critique of this plan put forth by local civil society organizations. As I demonstrate, both plans make use of worlding strategies in ‘selling’ their particular vision for the city’s future, but the ways they do so are markedly different. In reviewing this case, the paper challenges the conceptualization of inter-referencing and urban modelling practices as it is currently documented in the literature on worlding cities. What is novel in Penang is the way local stakeholders identify comparable cities outside of the Global North as models to follow, rather than established mega- or ‘world’ cities, which act as more realistic reference points. In doing so, the paper highlights key technologies of governance that are being used to counter the neoliberal worlding strategies put forth by city managers.
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Elche, Dioni, Pedro M. García-Villaverde, and Ángela Martínez-Pérez. "Inter-organizational relationships with core and peripheral partners in heritage tourism clusters." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 30, no. 6 (June 11, 2018): 2438–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-11-2016-0611.
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Purpose This paper aims to analyze the effects of inter-organizational relationships with core and peripheral partners on innovation in heritage tourism clusters. Design/methodology/approach The empirical analysis uses original data (collected by means of a postal questionnaire) based at UNESCO World Heritage Cities in Spain. The sample consists of 215 companies, and the methodology used is hierarchical linear regression. Findings The authors identify divergent effects of relationships with core and peripheral partners on innovation. In particular, the effect of core partners has an inverted U-shaped form, while that of peripheral partners is U-shaped. Research limitations/implications The results may be extrapolated to other heritage tourism clusters located in World Heritage Cities with some precaution. The paper does not jointly analyze the effects of relationships with core and peripheral partners on the innovation of firms in tourism clusters. Practical/implications Clustered tourism firms should not rely only on relationships with core agents, because beyond a critical threshold, returns in terms of innovation diminish. Firms should strive to establish relationships with peripheral agents in spite of the initial difficulties and the costs associated with network building, because positive returns soon materialize. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature on inter-organizational relationships by analyzing the impact of relationships with core and peripheral partners on innovation in clustered firms. The authors highlight the existence of the divergent curvilinear effects of these relationships on heritage tourism clusters.
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Camargo, Lara Rezende Ferreira, Josiane Silva de Oliveira, Euna Cristina Lima Mendes, Thayane Ramos Gomes, and Gisele Bernardo. "Organizational Practices in the Constitution of the Right to Culture and to the City: Understanding the Struggle for the Rights of a Cultural Organization in Goiás City, Brazil." Desenvolvimento em Questão 18, no. 53 (November 6, 2020): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21527/2237-6453.2020.53.105-119.
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The objective of this paper is to discuss how the organizational practices in the field of culture constitute the development, promotion and access to rights to culture and to the city in Goiás city, Goiás, Brazil. We bring the theories of the field of Studies Based on Practices (SBP) closer to the Law in order to understand the non-institutionalized legal phenomena of the organizational processes. From a multi-sited ethnography carried out in the Historic Center of the city of Goiás, Goiás, a place classified as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO between August 2014 and December 2015, we highlight the processes by which organizational practices, as producers of spaces in cities, constitute Rights when recognizing or neglecting the occupation of the urban space by certain social groups. We emphasize how the analysis of organizational processes can contribute to a debate on Rights from a perspective of legal pluralism from the daily life of cities and highlighting the relevance of understanding the occupations of urban spaces as a way of reconfiguring relations between the State and civil society.
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PANKIV, Natalia, and Viktiriia SAGAYDAK. "ORGANIZATION OF CULTURAL AND COGNITIVE TOURISM. CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN UKRAINE." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 310, no. 5(1) (September 29, 2022): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-310-5(1)-10.
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The history of the origin of cultural and cognitive tourism, its concept and essence, as well as the general requirements for the development of cultural and cognitive tours are analyzed. An analysis of the development of cultural and cognitive tourism in the Ukrainian market and assessment of the cultural heritage of Ukraine. Trends in the development of cultural tourism in the Lviv region, in particular, in cities as important centers of cultural and cognitive tourism and attracting tourism innovations on the example of the city of Lviv. Trends in the development of cultural and cognitive tourism and the use of world experience for the development of historical and cultural cognitive tourism in Ukraine are studied. Practical recommendations on ways to improve the use of cultural and cognitive resources of the regions are given. It is established that Ukraine has a large number of unique monuments of history and culture, and therefore has great potential for the development of inbound and domestic cultural and cognitive tourism. Unfortunately, some of them were destroyed as a result of a full-scale invasion of the territory of Ukraine by the troops of the Russian Federation. racists continue war crimes against Ukrainian heritage, trying to erase Ukrainian history and identity. Destroying Ukrainian culture is one of their strategic goals in this war! Already in Ukraine, more than 350 cases of destruction of cultural heritage sites by the Russian occupation forces have been recorded. It is very difficult to protect them during the war because we are dealing with especially cynical barbarians, for whom our cultural monuments are one of the most important targets on the way to the realization of their dream – the destruction of the Ukrainian nation! But we will not allow it! The struggle continues! We must preserve the history and culture of Ukraine for our descendants!
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Antonio, Nuno, Marisol B. Correia, and Filipa Perdigão Ribeiro. "Exploring User-Generated Content for Improving Destination Knowledge: The Case of Two World Heritage Cities." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (November 19, 2020): 9654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229654.
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This study explores two World Heritage Sites (WHS) as tourism destinations by applying several uncommon techniques in these settings: Smart Tourism Analytics, namely Text mining, Sentiment Analysis, and Market Basket Analysis, to highlight patterns according to attraction, nationality, and repeated visits. Salamanca (Spain) and Coimbra (Portugal) are analyzed and compared based on 8,638 online travel reviews (OTR), from TripAdvisor (2017–2018). Findings show that WHS reputation does not seem to be relevant to visitors-reviewers. Additionally, keyword extraction reveals that the reviews do not differ from language to language or from city to city, and it was also possible to identify several keywords related to history and heritage; in particular, architectural styles, names of kings, and places. The study identifies topics that could be used by destination management organizations to promote these cities, highlights the advantages of applying a data science approach, and confirms the rich information value of OTRs as a tool to (re)position the destination according to smart tourism design tenets.
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Bulakh, Irina. "Prospects for the Sustainable Development of Modern Architecture in the Coastal Cities of Algeria." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 987, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/987/1/012011.
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Abstract Sustainable development is one of the main topics of world research, including in the aspect of further transformation of modern architecture. From this point of view, the study of the rich architectural heritage of Algeria - one of the countries that for millennia has developed and accumulated experience of “passive” resistance to the hot and dry climate of the region with architectural and urban planning means and techniques - is relevant in terms of global trends in climate change. The article discusses and analyses the traditional methods of urban planning and architecture, as well as provides recommendations for their further development. Particular attention is paid to the organization of residential development in the coastal cities of Algeria, the revival and transformation of energy-efficient architectural techniques, landscaping and the use of water resources for the integrated provision of sustainable development of the region.
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Ali, Safaaaldeen Hussein, Mohammed Fareed Sherzad, and Ahmed Hameed Alomairi. "Managing Strategies to Revitalize Urban Cultural Heritage after Wars: The Center of the Old City of Mosul as a Case Study." Buildings 12, no. 9 (August 24, 2022): 1298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091298.
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This research deals with the process of reviving urban heritage, especially in old cities after the war, due to their symbolic and moral values in society. By studying the reality of the city and its destructed heritage features, there was a local need to study the integrated strategies of the urban heritage revival process to reach indicators that are drawn from international experiences and the curricula and studies of international organizations (ICOMOS, World Bank, UN-Habitat, IOM) that interested in cultural heritage and to use these indicators in evaluating local projects in the center of the old city of Mosul which was chosen as a case study for this research, due to its historical and civilizational importance, which has contributed greatly to the formation of the city of Mosul through the ages, and as this city has witnessed deliberate sabotage of its urban heritage due to the terrorist acts witnessed before its liberation.
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LARKHAM, PETER J., and JOE L. NASR. "Decision-making under duress: the treatment of churches in the City of London during and after World War II." Urban History 39, no. 2 (March 29, 2012): 285–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926812000065.
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ABSTRACT:The process of making decisions about cities during the bombing of World War II, in its immediate aftermath and in the early post-war years remains a phenomenon that is only partly understood. The bombing left many church buildings damaged or destroyed across the UK. The Church of England's churches within the City of London, subject to a complex progression of deliberations, debates and decisions involving several committees and commissions set up by the bishop of London and others, are used to review the process and product of decision-making in the crisis of war. Church authorities are shown to have responded to the immediate problem of what to do with these sites in order most effectively to provide for the needs of the church as an organization, while simultaneously considering other factors including morale, culture and heritage. The beginnings of processes of consulting multiple experts, if not stakeholders, can be seen in this example of an institution making decisions under the pressures of a major crisis.
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Haba, Myroslava I., Nataliia I. Dnistrianska, Halyna Ya Ilnytska-Hykavchuk, Oksana P. Makar, and Mariana I. Senkiv. "Jewish cultural heritage of the Lviv Oblast as a tourism resource." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 29, no. 3 (October 9, 2020): 502–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112045.
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The article describes the theoretical and methodical foundations of the study of the Jewish cultural heritage as a modern tourism resource. It turned out that in both foreign and domestic literature studies are not enough. The historical background of the formation of the cultural heritage of the Jewish ethnic group in the territory of the modern Lviv Oblast, which for many centuries has been the center of Jewish life, is considered. The dynamics of the ethnical composition of the population of the Lviv Oblast in 19312001 is studied and a significant reduction in the share of the Jewish community is found. The dynamics of the share of the Jewish population in urban settlements of the Lviv Oblast is studied, and it is found that it sharply decreased after the events of the World War II, primarily as a result of the Holocaust. A map of the share of the Jewish population in the urban settlements of the Oblast in 1939 is developed. The existing objects of Jewish cultural heritage (in particular, synagogues and cemeteries) in Lviv and other cities of the Lviv Oblast are characterized, and a map of these objects is developed. The main centers of Jewish cultural heritage of the Lviv Oblast are: Lviv, Brody, Busk, Zhovkva, Rava-Ruska, Uhniv, Velyki Mosty, Sokal, Belz, Stryi, Drohobych, Staryi Sambir, Turka. It found that the main problems of the Jewish cultural heritage of the Lviv Oblast are: neglected state of the objects, insufficient funding for the rehabilitation and restoration of these objects, the absence of tourist routes involving these objects, etc. The tourist route “By places of the Jewish sacred heritage of the Lviv Oblast” is developed and a map of this route is created. Measures for the restoration and popularization of Jewish cultural heritage of the Oblast are identified: allocation of budgetary funds, attraction of private investors, international organizations and Jewish communities; development of new tourist routes; determination of places by information stands; publication of information materials about objects; organization of international conferences, round tables, festivals; training of guides on the topic of Jewish cultural heritage, etc.
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Puspitasari, Ardiana Yuli, and Wa Ode Sitti Khasana Ramli. "MASALAH DALAM PENGELOLAAN KOTA LAMA SEMARANG SEBAGAI NOMINASI SITUS WARISAN DUNIA." Jurnal Planologi 15, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jpsa.v15i1.2764.
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World Heritage Sites is a term addressed to special places such as national parks, forests, mountains, lakes, deserts, buildings, complexes, regions, rural and cities that have been nominated by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Sciencetific, and Cultural Organization) for the International World Heritage program. The Old City of Semarang in 2016 has entered as one of the nominees of World Heritage Site and until now is in the process of submitting terms to become World Heritage Site. One of the important things that need to be done in the process is to identify and inventory the problems to be handled immediately. The purpose of this research is to find the problems in the management of the Old City of Semarang so that it can be handled and anticipated. The research method used is qualitative rationalistic with empirical approach. The results of this research are the problems that occur in the Old Town of Semarang is quite complex and diverse, among others: 1) environmental problems, namely prone to natural disasters (rob floods and puddles), high traffic volume causes pollution of fading and vibration , the unavailability of public transportation "ngetem" space, lack of provision of infrastructure and facilities and open green spaces; 2) building problems, ie there are still vacant buildings that have not been utilized properly, the building owner / user neglect, the utilization of buildings that are inconsistent with preservation rules, and the lack of maintenance of buildings; 3) social problems, that is the existence of homeless / homeless who occupy abandoned buildings, street vendors, excessive tourist attraction and crime; 4) governance issues, namely lack of clarity of tupoksi and authority of Semarang City Old Town, lack of coordination among stakeholders, and less implementation of RTBL policy regulation of Kota Lama Semarang (Regional Regulation Number 8 of 2003)Keywords: problem, management, site, heritage, worldWorld Heritage Sites atau Situs Warisan Dunia merupakan istilah yang ditujukan kepada tempat khusus seperti taman nasional, hutan, pegunungan, danau, gurun pasir, bangunan, kompleks, wilayah, pedesaan, dan kota yang telah dinominasikan oleh UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Sciencetific, and Cultural Organization) untuk program Warisan Dunia Internasional. Kota Lama Semarang pada tahun 2016 sudah masuk sebagai salah satu nominasi World Heritage Site dan sampai dengan saat ini sedang berproses untuk pengajuan syarat-syarat menjadi World Heritage Site. Salah satu hal penting yang perlu dilakukan dalam proses tersebut adalah mengindentifikasi dan menginventarisasi permasalahan agar bisa segera ditangani.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menemukan permasalahan-permasalahan dalam pengelolaan Kota Lama Semarang sehingga bisa segera ditangani dan diantisipasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif rasionalistik dengan pendekatan empiris. Hasil yang ditemukan dari penelitian ini adalah permasalahan yang terjadi di Kawasan Kota Lama Semarang cukup kompleks dan beragam, antara lain: 1) masalah lingkungan, yaitu rawan terhadap bencana alam (banjir rob dan genangan), volume lalu lintas yang tinggi menyebabkan polusi udaran dan getaran, belum tertatanya ruang “ngetem” angkutan umum, kurangnya penyediaan infrastruktur dan fasilitas serta ruang terbuka hijau; 2) masalah bangunan, yaitu masih terdapat bangunan-bangunan kosong terlancar dan belum dimanfaatkan dengan tepat, pembiaran bangunan oleh pemilik/pengguna, pemanfaatan bangunan yang tidak sesuai dengan kaidah pelestarian, dan kurangnya perawatan bangunan; 3) masalah sosial, yaitu masih adanya gelandangan/tuna wisma yang menempati bangunan-bangunan terlantar, pedagang kaki lima, tarikan wisata yang berlebihan dan kriminalitas; 4) masalah tata kelola, yaitu kurang jelasnya tupoksi dan kewenangan pengelola Kawasan Kota Lama Semarang, kurangnya koordinasi antar stakeholder, dan kurang implementatif peraturan kebijakan RTBL Kota Lama Semarang (Perda No. 8 tahun 2003).Kata kunci: masalah, pengelolaan, situs, warisan, dunia
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Rachkov, Yevhen. "Destruction, Preservation, and Rethinking of Ukraine’s Urban Cultural Heritage during the Russo-Ukrainian War." Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Series: History, no. 62 (November 25, 2022): 12–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2220-7929-2022-62-01.
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The article explores a range of problems relating to the destruction, preservation, and rethinking of Ukraine’s urban cultural heritage in the course of the ongoing Russian invasion. The author stresses that today protection of heritage remains an important aspect of Ukraine’s cultural policy. Since 2014, Russian military aggression has caused significant destruction in Ukrainian cities. The criminal actions of the Russian troops in Ukraine exhibit characteristics of urbicide, as they are aimed at destroying heterogeneous cultural and symbolic urban space and the diversity of the urban cultural heritage. According to experts, as a result of the Russo-Ukrainian War, the cultural heritage and cultural infrastructure of Ukraine will have suffered the heaviest destruction and damage since the Second World War. The article notes that under these conditions, new strategies for the protection of cultural heritage are being developed in Ukraine. Various public initiatives, the volunteer movement, and assistance from international organizations all play important roles. In general, Ukraine needs long-term support in the area of cultural heritage protection. Given the diversity and multifaceted nature of the country’s cultural heritage, we need to employ a variety of approaches and technologies to preserve it effectively. In particular, digital technologies, including the digitization of artifacts, should improve the record-keeping in this sphere and help keep track of the country’s cultural heritage. The author argues that the Russian aggression has led to a “turn” of sorts in the understanding of, and attitude towards, cultural heritage in Ukraine. The search for and revival of traditional components of national culture, as well as critical rethinking of the Russian imperial and Soviet heritage, are gaining more public prominence. In connection with this, the article touches on the new wave of toponymic changes in Ukrainian cities provoked by the full-scale Russian invasion, as well as on such developments as the dismantling of a certain category of urban monuments, reformatting of museum exhibits, etc.
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Starostova, L. E. "MZhK architecture as a legacy of Soviet modernism." Urbis et Orbis Microhistory and Semiotics of the City 3, no. 1 (2023): 62–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.34680/urbis-2023-3(1)-62-81.
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In recent years, the architecture of late modernism (the second half of the 20th century) has attracted more and more attention. However, its legacy is still not sufficiently discussed in scientific and popular literature, many buildings of the 1960–80s are demolished before they receive historical and cultural expertise and protection. Despite a number of systematizing studies, the architecture of capitals gets more often in the center of attention of researchers. Until now, the architecture of this period in regional cities, especially residential buildings, has not been sufficiently described. Such buildings bordering in status include residential complexes of the movement of youth residential complexes (in Russian – Molodezniy zhiloy kompleks – MZhK), the architecture and planning solutions of which have become an expression of a unique combination of a construction organization model, a social concept of the neighboring community and author’s architectural solutions within the framework of a given social program for a residential complex. The concept of the youth residential complex was based on the idea of a self-governing neighborhood community, whose members build many apartments houses with their own hands. The peak of construction of the MZhK came in the 1980s, when the aesthetics and principles of modernism spread throughout the world. In large MZhK, architecture has become a manifestation of the social idea of a youth residential complex. The largest MZhK in the Soviet Union was built in Yekaterinburg, but its architectural heritage is not sufficiently appreciated by Authorities. The article conceptualizes the architectural heritage of the movement of youth residential complexes as part of the historical and cultural heritage according to a number of criteria on the example of the architecture of the MZhK in Yekaterinburg, as well as the cities of Korolev and Zelenograd.
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Barros, Vitor C., and Amélia M. Delgado. "Mediterranean Diet, a Sustainable Cultural Asset." Encyclopedia 2, no. 2 (April 14, 2022): 761–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2020053.
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The Mediterranean diet is a dietary pattern and associated lifestyle that adopts mainly plant foods. The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been acknowledged by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity since 2013, a candidacy involving seven countries in the area, including Portugal, aiming to safeguard the MD in its multiple dimensions. The corresponding food system is recognized as healthy and sustainable by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and by the World Health Organization (WHO), inspiring dietary guidelines around the world. The current entry examines the sustainability and resilience of the Mediterranean dietary food pattern, using the Portuguese as a case study to examine the feasibility of prospective composite indicators in assessing the sustainability of diets and food systems. Information extracted from reports and official statistics was used to assess a set of proposed metrics. Although information to fulfil most metrics was found, some data gaps were identified, highlighting the need to improve existing metrics. The current work highlights the role of science and policy in transforming four key areas of human–nature interaction: use of natural resources, food systems, production and consumption, and cities’ sustainability. Since sustainable production and consumption (SGD 12) is key to the UN’s 2030 agenda, it is important to analyze to what extent the dissemination of the Mediterranean diet among the population can be a way to achieve this goal.
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Studzieniecki, Tomasz. "Conditions and possibilities of using Baltic amber heritage in the development of territorial cooperation." Pskov Journal of Regional Studies, no. 1 (2022): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37490/s221979310017342-9.
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Baltic amber, also referred to as the “gold of the Baltic Sea”, is one of the most valuable fossil resins in the world. Due to its valuable properties, it has been the subject of international cooperation and exchange since ancient times. Then numerous trade routes were laid, which gradually turned into tourist attractions. Nowadays, amber contributes to the development of cities and regions where it is mined and processed. This gives them a competitive advantage, creates a positive image and stimulates territorial cooperation. The essence of this cooperation lies in the use of the socio-economic capital of interested parties connected by common interests. Representatives of the world of science, business and non-governmental organizations participate in this cooperation. An example of the effective use of amber and its heritage in activities that stimulate territorial development is Pomeranian Voivodeship with its capital in Gdańsk. The article analyses the activities in this area carried out since 1996 by two non-governmental organizations: the Agencja Rozwoju Regionalnego Foundation (Agency for Regional Development) and the association Academia Europa Nostra. The study was conducted using of secondary sources, including the resources of both organizations and the knowledge of the author, the initiator and coordinator of numerous initiatives related to the heritage of amber.
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Tecle-Misghina, B. "AN INCLUSIVE EXPRESSION OF GENIUS LOCI: A CASE STUDY OF THE URBAN EVOLUTION OF ASMARA, ERITREA." Journal of Inclusive Cities and Built Environment 2, no. 4 (December 15, 2022): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54030/2788-564x/2022/sp1v1a2.
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Although Asmara developed during the era of modernist urban planning and Italian colonial influence, its genius loci is firmly rooted in place and time. This paper aims to explain the history, impact of administration, planning, and the dynamic synergies between tangible and intangible attributes of place, that led to Asmara being listed as a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site. This qualitative study analyses the layered expression of genius loci through a timeline mapping the development of Asmara. The methods include map analysis, drawings, and photographs, based on the author’s research of the city since 2005. A decolonial conceptual framework underpinned the study. The author’s lived experience, having grown up in Asmara, provides a deeper layer of autoethnographic understanding of the city, including the cultural-spatial characteristics that safeguard its genius loci. The article concludes with findings and a proposition for an inclusive transformation of postcolonial cities.
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Kumar, Vinay. "When Heritage Meets Creativity: A Tale of Two Urban Development Strategies in Kampong Glam, Singapore." City & Community 19, no. 2 (June 2020): 398–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12427.
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In recent years, cities around the world have increasingly relied on culture–based development strategies for the revitalization of urban areas, such as urban heritage and the development of a creative economy. Typically, either one of these practices is put in place; however, in Kampong Glam, Singapore, both heritage development and creative economy strategies have been adopted by the national government and local organizations. This paper studies the coincidence of the two main culture–based urban development strategies and its implications in the same physical urban place. Drawing on geospatial mapping techniques and archival data, we aim to illustrate how the two cultural urban redevelopment strategies manifest and interact in urban space. We find that stakeholders draw on each strategy to counteract the excesses of the other, given their different aims and audiences, so as to regulate the interaction between the two and achieve balance among competing interests in the neighborhood.
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Shelegina, Olga N., and Seysembay K. Zhetpisbaev. "INTERNATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN STATE PROGRAM “CULTURAL HERITAGE”." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 40 (2020): 279–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/40/26.
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This article concerns theoretical and academic and research issue of assimilation of cultural heritage in the context of globalization, which is nowadays topical at the world and national level. The paper provides a complex analysis of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) state program “Cultural Heritage”, which is aimed at determining its international significance. The work is based on a substantial historiographic resource that includes articles written by the first president of RK N.A. Nazarbaev, famous Kazakhstan and Russian scientists. Historic-cultural heritage of Kazakhstan is positioned as an important integrant of the universal human culture. The “heritage assimilation” concept proposed by O.N. Shelegina has been evaluated with the use of representative empirical base. During this research the authors defined that the international success of the RK strategic program “Cultural Heritage” is due to the legislative and financial support provided by the state, the integration of cultural, scientific and educational institutions and public organizations. The researches held in Kazakhstan began to draw attention of scientists from Japan, Mongolia, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Russia and several other countries. Heritage objects such as “Altyn Adam” – “Golden Man”, Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, the cities of Otrar and Turkestan, are historical and cultural brands of Kazakhstan of the world level. The participation of Kazakhstan in the UNESCO Silk Roads Project and the transboundary project “Asian Countries Cultural Heritage Update” possesses high geopolitical and socio-cultural value. The International Scientific Conference “Museum, Museology, Cultural Heritage” (Nur-Sultan, April 2019) became a significant event that reflected the results and prospects of the Program. In general, the RK Cultural Heritage Program belongs to the innovative research and socio-cultural trend space related to heritage assimilation. Step-by-step implementation of actions aimed at consolidation, digitalization and introduction of national heritage of other countries to the scientific and informational turnaround may prove to be an effective algorithm. The international significance of a novel Cultural Heritage Program is determined by its complex multi-level character of heritage assimilation, introduction of assimilated historic and cultural heritage to the educational practice and the sphere of tourism, as well as active cooperation with UNESCO. The authors find it appropriate and promising, accounting the productive international experience of the Republic of Kazakhstan, to perform interdisciplinary research of the issues of heritage assimilation in the context of globalization.
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Chahardowli, Mehrdad, Hassan Sajadzadeh, Farshid Aram, and Amir Mosavi. "Survey of Sustainable Regeneration of Historic and Cultural Cores of Cities." Energies 13, no. 11 (May 28, 2020): 2708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112708.
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The united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization (UNESCO) considers the historic urban landscapes as the world heritages. Managing historic city centers and maintaining historic cores are the emerging challenges for sustainable urban planning. Today, the historic cores form an important part of the economic, social, environmental, and physical assets and capacities of contemporary cities, and play a strategic role in their development. One of the most important approaches to the development of central textures, especially in historical and cultural cities, is the sustainable urban regeneration approach, which encompasses all aspects of sustainability, such as the economic, social, cultural and environmental aspects. To maintain sustainability and regeneration of historic cores of cities, it is necessary to provide insight into the underlying characteristics of the local urbanization. Furthermore, the fundamental assets are to be investigated as indicators of sustainable regeneration and drivers of urban development. In the meantime, a variety of research and experience has taken place around the world, all of which has provided different criteria and indicators for the development of strategies for the historic cores of cities. The present study, through a meta-analytic and survey method, analyzing the experience and research reported in 139 theoretical and empirical papers in the last twenty years, seeks to provide a comprehensive conceptual model taking into account the criteria and indices of sustainable regeneration in historic cores of cities. The quality of the survey has been ensured using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA).
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Ogienko, E. "DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN TYPES OF REDEVELOPMENT OBJECTS FOR HOUSING." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 6, no. 12 (December 15, 2021): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2021-6-12-63-72.
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Manufacturing has historically been the driving force behind economic growth and structural change. During the financial and economic crisis, governments in Europe provided short-term assistance to industries that had fallen into disrepair by converting them into market-oriented industries (such as steelmakers and car manufacturers). As cities grow and the density of megacities increases, the need for their "renewal" began to appear, which is characterized by the transformation of non-functional buildings and old abandoned buildings for the purpose of further operation. The state and private organizations were interested in the transformation of such territories and actively invest in these projects. Industrial complexes are transformed into areas with residential apartment buildings and offices, their own social infrastructure, transport, entertainment reflecting the needs of modern society. In the future, urban areas can benefit greatly from new opportunities. All over the world, industrial territories are an integral part of cities. The article discusses the experience of reconstruction of industrial zones in Russia and abroad. The industrial heritage is adapting to the new context of the city, using the principles of sustainability, economy and aesthetics
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Liu, Jian, Yixin Zhang, and Junsong Mao. "Social Enterprises and Their Role in Revitalizing Shrinking Cities—A Case Study on Shimizusawa of Japan." Land 12, no. 12 (December 9, 2023): 2146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12122146.
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Since their birth in the 1990s, social enterprises, as a kind of third-party organization with the attributes of both a not-for-profit entity and a profit-making enterprise, have played a significant role in the socio-economic development of cities, in particular those facing the challenge of shrinking. But why are social enterprises so deeply embedded in the regeneration process of shrinking cities, and how do they promote their multi-dimensional revitalization? In order to answer these questions, this paper presents a case study on Shimizusawa in Japan based on a literature review and field research. In line with the embeddedness and institution–function–instrument theories, it reviews the revitalization of Shimizusawa by involving a social enterprise in the adaptive reuse of industrial heritage sites and the development of industrial tourism, analyzes the establishment process and organizational characteristics of this social enterprise, and summarizes the four major experiences of its practice—that is, the governance structure of two types of institutions and two types of functions, the planning for both profitable and non-profitable activities, the operation of both for-profit and not-for-profit businesses, and the fund management of leveraging multiple parties to raise funds and reinvesting the profits locally. The extensive support provided by the Shimizusawa Social Enterprise that creates not only economic value but also social value justifies the significant role of social enterprises in the revitalization of shrinking industrial areas. This case study, together with its analytical framework, may serve as a meaningful reference for the revitalization of shrinking industrial areas in other parts of the world.
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Ivanysko, Svitlana. "Museums of Ukraine during the russian-Ukrainian war (based on media sources)." Vita Antiqua 14 (2023): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.37098/va-2023-14-94-108.
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It would seem that humanity received two doses of the vaccine in the 20th century to reject the desire to wage aggressive war forever. However, the beginning of the 21st century was also marked by the war of aggression that Russia started against Ukraine. The territory of Ukraine suffered (and continues to suffer) special losses: it was the theater of hostilities of the First World War, the Second World War, and now another war is destroying life, the country, and our cultural heritage. War, like any other type of destructive activity, negatively affects people's lives, the economy of countries, and the world in general; the sphere of culture suffers, including museums. At this stage, it is possible conditionally distinguish two periods in the Russian-Ukrainian war (respectively, two stages in the activity of museums at this time): 1) February 2014 - February 24, 2022; 2) after February 24, 2022. Russia's aggression against Ukraine began in February 2014 with the occupation of Crimea, the organization of pro-Russian rallies in cities in the east and south of Ukraine, and the occupation of certain areas of Luhansk and Donetsk regions. Museum institutions in these territories became automatically under occupation or under threat of destruction as a result of hostilities. The central government of Ukraine was not ready for aggression and occupation, museum collections were not evacuated, even information about these collections can be considered lost. According to the registers of the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy, by 2014 there were 99 museums in Crimea, 24 in Donetsk Oblast, 23 in Luhansk, which stored hundreds of thousands (perhaps millions) of movable cultural heritage items. After February 24, 2022, the entire heritage of Ukraine, both cultural and natural, is under threat of destruction, because Russian missiles can reach any point in Ukraine (and not only). Museums in the territory controlled by Ukraine or evacuated from the occupied territory must resume their activities. For the evacuated institutions, the problem of restoring the statutory and financial documentation and the museum staff actually arose. Other museum institutions have started the process of documenting the course of military actions in Ukraine and informing the world about the events in Ukraine. Museum institutions and individual employees are coming together to help each other in difficult times: the Heritage Rescue Headquarters and the Museum Crisis Center have been created, and initiatives that existed before the full-scale invasion continue to help museums (to cope with new challenges). Despite the disassembled exhibits, museum life in Ukraine has not stopped - new exhibitions, other cultural events, exhibitions of museum objects from Ukraine abroad are taking place, trainings and courses are organized on how to work in a crisis period, and foreign colleagues come to familiarize themselves with the experience of museums during war. Key words: museums of Ukraine, russian-Ukrainian war, museum collections, evacuation, cultural values.
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Matsokha, Alina. "LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AS MEANS OF FORMING AN INCLUSIVE URBAN SPACE IN BUFFER ZONES OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OBJECTS." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 83 (April 14, 2023): 184–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2023.83.184-199.
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The article presents the results of the author's research on the formation of an inclusive urban space by means of landscape architecture; the legal framework is considered; the main principle of creating a network of barrier-free pedestrian routes in the space of the middle city is determined (the principle of "frame on the frame"); methods of implementing barrier-free (delimitation of pedestrian-transport traffic; zoning of pedestrian parts of the street with combinations of different types of paving by texture and color and others). Based on the analysis of world theoretical and practical experience, the means of implementing barrier-free (paving, gardening, decorating, etc.) have been determined and a number of examples in European cities have been provided. An algorithm for the formation of inclusive urban space in buffer zones of the second category of indirect multifunctional use of cultural heritage objects located in Ukraine has been proposed. Recommendations on the adaptation of public spaces to form an inclusive urban space within buffer zones have been provided.
According to the specifics of the architectural and landscape organization, the most difficult is the category of buffer zones "non-direct multifunctional usage" (according to I. Korotun). As this zone covers historical city centers, historical city areas and other areas occupied by residential and non-residential buildings thus, the priority function in this aspect arises the safety and comfort of people, and the Memorial Protection Object Facility acquires a secondary role. In Ukraine, 4 out of 8 World Heritage sites have buffer zones of non-direct multifunctional use ("Kyiv: St. Sophia Cathedral and nearby monastery buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra, Church of the Savior on Berestov" (1990); "Ensemble of the historical center of Lviv" (1998); "Residence of the Metropolitans of Bukovina and Dalmatia" (2011) and "Historical Center of Odesa" (2023)).
An analysis of world experience in the formation of an inclusive urban environment revealed that the main methods of implementing this approach are the creation of a network of barrier-free pedestrian routes in the space of the city center. Within the buffer zones, this can be done through: the delineation of pedestrian-transport traffic; zoning of pedestrian zones with combinations of different types of landscaping, decoration and types of paving by texture and color; selection of paving and equipment colors in accordance with the scale of buffer zone development; arrangement of unhindered ways of pedestrians movement by leveling surface differences taking into account the security requirements of a particular site.
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С.Ю., Житенёв,. "Three Anniversaries: Milestones in the History of the Heritage Institute." Nasledie Vekov, no. 3(31) (September 30, 2022): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36343/sb.2022.31.3.001.
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Статья посвящена анализу важнейших событий истории Института Наследия, оказавших влияние на формирование системы направлений его научной работы и обозначивших этапы его развития. Корпус материалов исследования составили ключевые публикации, созданные научными коллективами Российского НИИ культурного и природного наследия имени Д. С. Лихачёва и Российского института культурологии, а также его исторических предшественников. Выявлены основные направления деятельности ЦНИИ методов краеведческой работы (впоследствии – Российский институт культурологии). Подробно охарактеризована проблематика научных исследований Института Наследия в первые годы его существования и последующие десятилетия, рассмотрены история образования и дальнейшая деятельность Южного филиала Института Наследия. Сделан вывод, что Институт Наследия ныне выступает не только ведущим отраслевым учреждением в сфере культурологии и сохранения исторической памяти, но и консолидатором специалистов, исследующих науки о культуре. The article analyzes the key events in the history of the Heritage Institute, which determined the main directions and stages of its formation and development as one of the leading centers of Russian humanitarian knowledge. The analysis is based on the most important publications of research teams of the Russian Research Institute for Cultural and Natural Heritage named after D.S. Likhachev and the Russian Institute of Cultural Studies and its historical predecessors. A complex of classical methods of historical research was applied (narrative, historical-genetic, diachronic, etc.). The normative acts that determined the formation of the Central Research Institute of Local History Methods (1932) are characterized, the main directions of the Institute’s activities are identified (including during the Great Patriotic War), the change in the thematic focus of research in the post-war period is traced, and the expansion of research problems up to to the coverage of the entire system of culture after the Institute was renamed to the Russian Institute of Cultural Studies. The reasons for the formation of the Russian Research Institute for Cultural and Natural Heritage and the tasks that the research team faced in the first years of its operation are determined. The importance of research on the fields of historical battles that the Institute conducted since the second half of the 1990s is noted. The role of the Institute in the development of programs for the cultural development of historical cities and rural areas is analyzed, the activities of the Marine Arctic Complex Expedition are considered. The administrative transformations associated with the merger of the Heritage Institute and the Russian Institute of Cultural Studies (2014) are characterized, the history of formation and the main milestones in the activities of the Southern Branch of the Heritage Institute are considered in detail. The work carried out by the Heritage Institute as the base organization of the CIS member states in the field of world heritage conservation is described. The positive changes in the activities of the Institute that occurred in 2018–2022 are analyzed, the unique events held under the auspices of the Institute in recent years are listed. The author concludes that the Heritage Institute, with its almost a century-long history, is currently not only a leading sectoral institution in the field of cultural studies and historical memory preservation, but also a consolidator of experts conducting research in culture-related sciences.
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Landry, Charles. "Arts, Culture and the City: An Overview." Built Environment 46, no. 2 (May 14, 2020): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2148/benv.46.2.170.
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More people, more organizations, more towns, cities, regions and countries for more reasons have found that over the last 30 years the arts, their broader culture and overall creativity has something in it for them in renewal and revitalization. Over the last decade there have been over a hundred studies of the economic and social importance or impact of the arts, culture, heritage, the recycling of buildings for cultural purposes, creative quarters and the creative economy across the world. Yet there is much more to the arts, culture and creativity in city development. Places in transition urgently need to develop an overall culture of creativity cu ing across all domains within which the arts can be significant. This can be a painful exercise as old certainties crumble and systems, like education, need rethinking. Yet this can unleash new social innovations, new business models and new forms of citizen engagement. Renewal and transformation together are a cultural project involving a shift in mindset and perspective. Creativity is a primary resource as it creates the conditions from which innovations can emerge. Within this the creative economy sectors, especially when aligned to the dramatic digitization dynamic, play a significant role in developing new products and services, generating jobs, anchoring identity and helping expression. Cultural activities and programming and the physical assets of places, their heritage and older industrial buildings are significant elements in the renewal repertoire.
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Fedotova, Yulia V., and Alexandr S. Fedotov. "MUSIC FESTIVAL AS AN EXPERIENCE OF PRESERVING THE CULTURAL MEMORY OF THE PEOPLE (RECONSTRUCTION OF THE URAL MUSIC FESTIVALS OF THE 1930S – 1970S)." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 43 (2021): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/43/12.
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The article reconstructs the process of origin and development of the festival movement in the Urals in the 1930s – 1970s in the music and concert sphere. The history of some of the largest festivals is viewed in the context of the formation of the Soviet festive culture and the goals of the Soviet cultural policy. The authors highlight the main holidays, for which the philharmonic society prepared musical programs - the anniversaries of the October Revolution of 1917 and the formation of the USSR, the birthday of V.I. Lenin. Since the late 1930s, the scope of musical programs has steadily increased. More and more organizations were involved in the creative process - philharmonic societies, theaters, libraries, clubs, art centers, departments of public education. The concert space has expanded from the «palaces of culture» and concert halls of the city to the central squares of the city, open spaces outside the cities and villages. In the 60s, favorable conditions for the development of the music industry were formed. Philharmonic music programs turn into mass celebrations, and then into regional festivals of professional, folk and amateur art. These events covered all audiences - schoolchildren, young people, factory workers and agricultural workers, the intelligentsia. Festivals acquired names, received vivid coverage in periodicals. Sometimes preparations for such celebrations took 1–2 years, and the festivals themselves could “travel” by train or car to regional cities and large villages during the whole jubilee year. By the 70s, the Ural music festivals reached the All-Union level, and also acquired international cultural ties. Special attention is paid to the forms of education, the repertoire of groups, geography and the organization of festivals. These festivals are considered by the authors as an instrument of popularizing and educating the “right” values among the people; they were supposed to activate mass practical activities. Ideas that sounded in musical-verbal and visual form from the stadiums, the stage of theaters during the festivals for a long time will be significant and memorable for a whole generation of people in our country. Therefore, a music festival can be considered not just a form of bringing people to the world musical heritage and educating people, but also an effective way to preserve the cultural memory of a people. The article uses archival materials, including those not previously introduced into scientific circulation, which help to understand the significance of these festivals for the regional culture of the Soviet period.
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PATER, Ivan. "KHOLM SKETCHES (STUDIES) IN THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF IVAN KRYPIAKEVYCH OF 1914–1918." Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood 36 (2022): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2022-36-133-148.
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The paper considers the scientific work of the academician in the study of various areas of the history of the Kholm land. His interest in that region was not accidental, because he had Kholm and Pidlashshia roots. The influence of Prof. M. Hrushevskyi on the formation of I. Krypiakevich as a historian, his first papers on religious and cultural life in the Kholm region in the XIX century in Memoirs of the Shevchenko Scientific Society, and scientific work in society are emphasized. An extremely serious study of the Kholm region was conducted during World War I, especially after the successful Austro-German occupation of the Kholm region, parts of Volhynia, Pidlashshia, and Polissia in the summer of 1915. It is noted that in the reports "On Ukrainian Affairs in the Kholm Region", "On Church Relations in Northwestern Ukrainian Lands", "On Church Affairs in the Kholm Region", "On the Need for Ukrainian Schooling in the Occupied Ukrainian Lands", the historian stated the importance of the Kholm Region for Ukraine. The need to carry out Ukrainization of the region was emphasized, for which it was recommended: to gain real power locally; to form the Ukrainian Church - to restore the GCC, to de-Russify the Orthodox Church; to create a Ukrainian school by training personnel from the local population; establish examplar educational institutions in larger cities and villages as soon as possible; publish school textbooks; to restore the activities of educational and economic organizations. Much attention is given to the historian's work in the Bureau of Cultural Assistance for ensuring the development of national and cultural life, primarily, schooling, in the Ukrainian lands occupied by the Central Powers. The resistance to the aspirations of the Ukrainians by some part of the Poles and the Austrian military and governance factors have been revealed. The destruction of Ukrainian lands in 1915 by the retreating Russian troops and the displacement of almost the entire Ukrainian population of the Kholm region deep into Russia are shown. It is pointed out that the scholar recreated the fate of public, scientific, and religious figures of the Kholm region, who put up a persistent resistance to Russification and Polonization of the region, first of all, Greek Catholic bishops Metodii Terletskyi, Yakiv Susha, and Maksymilian Ryll. The professional assistance of I. Krypiakevich and other figures of Halychyna to the Ukrainian delegation at the Brest Peace Conference, regarding Ukraine's western borders, was emphasized, which gave a positive result for Ukrainians in the negotiations between the People's Republic of Ukraine and the Quadruple Alliance. It is mentioned that a large manuscript part of the academician's on a Kholm subject still needs scientific research.
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Pereira Roders, Ana, and Ron van Oers. "World Heritage cities management." Facilities 29, no. 7/8 (May 24, 2011): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02632771111130898.
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Kostova, E. V. "THE MAIN TRENDS IN STALINIST EMPIRE STYLE IN WESTERN SIBERIA." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2019-21-1-9-17.
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Understanding of the Stalinist Empire style allows finding an alternative to postmodernism architecture in the conditions of the current crisis of the Russian civilization. The aim of this work is to characterize the architectural style of the Western Siberian cities and show the general and particular character in its consecutive development. Theoretical prerequisites for this work lie in the fact that the general paradigm of Stalinist Empire style was formed during the proletarian cultural revolution, i.e. realization of the collectivism principle and associated creative remaking of the architectural heritage. Stalinist Empire style in the Western Siberia represents the economic regional analogue of such a collectivist architectural synthesis of traditions and innovations.The architectural genesis of the Stalinist Empire style is considered by means of the systems and sociogenetic approaches. The genetic approach to the Stalinist Empire style is used to describe three stages: genesis, differentiation and integration. This triad expresses the main tendencies in the development of the Stalinist Empire style in Western Siberia with a gradual approximation to the increasingly rigid type of the architectural environment. It is concluded that the Stalinist Empire style represents a polystylistic synthesis of traditions and innovations, such as neoclassicism and constructivism, order and extraorder forms, collectivism and statehood based on the conceptual continuity of the world, national and regional style directions. The internal and external forms of the Stalinist Empire style are functionalism, neoclassicism and art deco.The Stalinist Empire style is aesthetic, expressive and consecutive in all its analogues. It is characterized by a clearly defined trend to beauty, dynamic stability and architectural organization. This relates also to the Western Siberian variant that achieves a stronger artistic effect in the paper architecture. The pedagogical socially-organizational function of the Stalinist Empire style is upbringing of new personality. The specific character of the Stalinist Empire style in Western Siberia is greater combination, rigidity and structuredness of the architectural environment as a result of negative system selection from unfavorable conditions. The Stalinist Empire style of metropolitan is a discrete system, while that of Western Siberia is a rigid system.
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Navarro, Jose-Luis Alfaro, Juan-Antonio Mondejar Jimenez, and Maria-Encarnacion Andres Martinez. "WORLD HERITAGE CITIES DECLARATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN EUROPEAN CITIES." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 15, no. 7 (2016): 1447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2016.155.
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Ripp, Matthias, Elena Arndt, and Monika Göttler. "UNESCO World Heritage Convention – mission and commitment in times of challenges: lessons learnt from World Heritage Cities in Northwest-Europe and North-America." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 17 (December 16, 2023): 35–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/odk.5443.
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This article is based on a presentation given at the International Conference “50 years UNESCO World Heritage Convention in Europe: Achievements and Challenges” in Krakow/Poland in June 2022. The purpose is to showcase current challenges for UNESCO World Heritage Cities, how they are connected and how cities can respond to the challenges by installing heritage site managers. The described challenges are based on reports and work within the Organisation of World Heritage Cities (OWHC), the analysis and elaboration of the roles and skills of site managers of previous published work.
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Mohammed, Assistant Professor Dr Rahim Hassan. "The nationalist movement in the Levant during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries." Thi Qar Arts Journal 3, no. 44 (December 31, 2023): 49–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32792/tqartj.v3i44.498.
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The idea of the emergence of the Arab nationalist movement is not accidental to the Arabs in terms of its general concept, as the Arab history has been filled with evidence and events that it is prominent in many roles, scenes and stages of the Arab era in previous historical periods. Therefore, there were several internal or external factors that contributed effectively to the crystallization and emergence of the nationalist, intellectual and literary currents and organizations, as the weakness of the authority of the Ottoman state, and what the Arab countries in general and the Levant in particular were exposed to, of colonial control, and opening the way for missionary missions in the cities of the Levant, had an impact on the Arab writers and thinkers in their interest in Arabic literature and reviving the Arabic language and the ancient Arab heritage. The Arab Renaissance, in its comprehensive concept, meant the transformation of the Arab society from a state of stagnation, backwardness and dependence in the Ottoman era, to a state of interaction and harmony with the political and civilizational developments, and the awareness of the Arab society of its national existence and its human role. Therefore, the ideas and calls of the Arab thinkers and reformers, especially in the Levant, called for the unification of the Arabs in a state independent of the Ottoman Caliphate, with a national entity unified in feeling, culture, goals and political, economic and military interests, and thus their efforts resulted in the establishment of nationalist, literary, scientific and political associations and parties, both inside and outside the Arab countries, and holding conferences to convey the voice of the sons of the Arab people to the public opinion in Paris, to demand their legitimate rights in achieving freedom, independence and getting rid of the dependence and tyranny of the Ottomans, as well as the European colonial countries, especially during and after the First World War.
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PÉREZ-GÁLVEZ, Jesús Claudio, Tomás LÓPEZ-GUZMÁN, Miguel Jesús MEDINA-VIRUEL, and Mónica TORRES-NARANJO. "HERITAGE TOURISM IN UBEDA Y BAEZA (SPAIN). WORLD HERITAGE REINASSANCE CITIES." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 26, no. 3 (November 30, 2019): 808–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.26311-399.
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Cotte, M. "Astronomical Observatories related to the World Heritage List." Heritage and Modern Times 4, no. 2 (July 12, 2021): 160–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.52883/2619-0214-2021-4-2-160-176.
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The article examines the existing relationship between two important concepts, but which are different a priori. First is the heritage of astronomy, generally associated with modern European science and its development through the construction of aseries of famous observatories with large fixedinstruments, all along lgth - 20th centuries. Second is the successful implementation of the World Heritage convention from around 50 years, with its famous List of heritage sites, monuments, ancient cities and landscapes.The article shows the relatively limited number, but already notable, of places nowadays registered on the World Heritage List or even sometime places aiming to be nominated for next years. Additional questions raise, asked by a partnership between Astronomy and World Heritage List; e.g.: the existing astronomical heritage from ancient civilizaions or indigenous societies; astronomy as associated value of broader nominations including classical heritage as palaces, monuments, historical cities and etc. In conclusion, we shortly examine the perspectives of the joint field of Astronomy and World Heritage.
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Karapats, M. M., and L. A. Kraeva. "DISCIPLES OF PASTEUR FROM RUSSIA." Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity 8, no. 4 (January 16, 2019): 418–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2018-4-418-424.
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Abstract. Outstanding scientist, microbiologist, chemist Louis Pasteur left a great legacy to future generations: many discoveries in the relevant fields of science, a large number of disciples, followers and the Paris Institute, bearing his name. Among Pasteur's disciples were more than a hundred Russian scientists, whose fate was different. Some of them returned Home and were able to make a significant contribution to the development of microbiology and immunology in Russia. Not all the names of Pasteur's disciples are known to a wide range of microbiologists. Therefore, the article presents brief materials about some more or less well known scientists-followers of Louis Pasteur. L.S. Tsenkovsky may be considered the founder of microbiology in Russia, who in 1882 published the book "Microorganisms", and later was able to independently create a vaccine against anthrax. Numerous trips to the Pasteur Institute in Paris had a positive value — Lev Semenovich was able to assess how to be equipped laboratories that deal with serious problems in the field of microbiology. Students of Pasteur L.L. Heydenreich, A.D. Pavlovsky, M.F. Popov, A.I. Sudakov, A.A. Raevsky was able not only to develop scientific areas in microbiology, but also to transfer their knowledge to students of medical and veterinary faculties of universities in various cities of Russia, students of the St. Petersburg Military medical Academy and military doctors. I.I. Mechnikov and N.F. Gamalea were great friends and colleagues of Pasteur for many years. Together with Pasteur, they made a great contribution to the prosperity of the Paris Institute and the maintenance of the glory of its founder. The role of these scientists in the world heritage in the field of immunology and microbiology is difficult to overestimate. Associate I.I. Mechnikova was also D.K. Zabolotny, who managed to organize the departments of microbiology and epidemiology in several higher educational institutions of Russia and Ukraine. And, of course, the unsurpassed contribution to the organization of the Pasteur Institute in Russia on the model of the Paris Institute belongs to G.D. Belonovsky. Thanks to his efforts, the Sero-diagnostic laboratory gradually developed into the St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute. Many disciples of Pasteur laid the foundation of a number of scientific areas in Russia: microbiology, immunology, toxicology, hygiene. Thanks to the efforts of enthusiasts among the followers of Louis Pasteur managed to establish in Russia (St. Petersburg) Institute, similar to Paris, also named after him. Each of the disciples of Pasteur thanks to selfless work was able to prove his high rank and make a significant contribution to the development of science for the health of the population of the Homeland.
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FOUINNA, Loubna, and Abdelmjid LAFRAM. "Moroccan Cultural Diplomacy: Challenges, Opportunities and Levers of a New Model of Influence and Soft Power." European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance 19, no. 1 (November 13, 2023): 455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ecmlg.19.1.1843.
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Cultural Diplomacy has emerged as a vector of influence and a potent tool for soft power in international relations. Nowadays, the realm of cultural diplomacy has become fiercely competitive. It leveraged by many countries aware of its pivotal role in increasing their soft power and expanding their sphere of influence. Morocco, a secular kingdom and one of the oldest States in the world, is also keen on investing in the field of cultural diplomacy to bolster its soft power, increase its influence and assert its position as a regional and continental leader in this area. This paper presents a new conceptual model of a Moroccan Diplomacy which takes into account the extremely rich and distinctive cultural heritage of the Kingdom of Morocco, the various achievements in this cultural field. This model is designed to be more integrated, synergistic, well-governed in order to address internal and external challenges and capitalize on the strengths and new opportunities. The paper identifies the main challenges facing Moroccan Cultural Diplomacy that impact its proficiency, including in particular the lack of a global and integrated strategic vision and thinking, limited financial resources, lack of coordination between the different stakeholders and, weak involvement of the private sector and weak culture of assessment and performance measurement. However, the paper also identifies great opportunities, such as its impressively rich cultural heritage, characterized by its multidimensional cultural diversity, which requires a new and innovative approach based on a global and integrated strategic vision. The proposed Model is designed as a new framework based on a benchmark of international best practices of several pioneering countries in the field of cultural diplomacy and combined with a documentary approach and the results of interviews carried out with professionals, managers and experts in this field. It focused on several levers of influence and counter-influence that emphasizes the importance of a global and strategic vision, strong governance standards and structures involving Regions, Cities, Non-Governmental Organizations, Moroccan Diaspora. It focused also on enhanced evaluation and measurement, and a more proactive and innovative approach to promoting Moroccan soft power by investing cultural marketing, Public-Private Partnerships, digitalization and new technologies for networking, cultural creativity and strategic cultural partnerships. The paper argues that a renewed and more strategic approach to cultural diplomacy should be guided and steered by a specialized national agency that would perform the various functions of study, research, monitoring, influence, coordination, policy convergence, control and evaluation at national and international level. Thus, by institutionalizing this strategic, synergistic and holistic approach, we can lay the foundation of a new and innovative model that could help Morocco strengthen its soft power and promote its rich and unique cultural assets and values on the global stage in a more effective manner, and strengthen so its international reputation and influence.
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Kern, Kristine, Janne Irmisch, Colette Odermatt, Wolfgang Haupt, and Ingrid Kissling-Näf. "Cultural Heritage, Sustainable Development, and Climate Policy: Comparing the UNESCO World Heritage Cities of Potsdam and Bern." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 15, 2021): 9131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169131.
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Developing sustainable, carbon-neutral, and climate-resilient districts seems to be particularly challenging with respect to historic city centers. However, barriers posed by legal requirements for historical buildings are counterbalanced by opportunities because historic cities have not undergone urban modernization and did not embrace the concept of functional cities, which nowadays impedes urban sustainability transformations. Thus, this paper focuses on the relationship between cultural heritage, urban sustainable development, and climate policy. We study continuity and change in the mid-sized UNESCO World Heritage cities Potsdam (Germany) and Bern (Switzerland). These matching forerunner cities share many characteristics, which enables them to transfer policies and jointly create new solutions for common problems. We find that national context matters, but we also identify functional equivalents like referenda and active citizen participation. Despite many similarities, Potsdam is ahead of Bern with respect to the institutionalization and integration of climate mitigation and adaptation. The comparative analysis (interviews and document analysis) identifies innovations that can be transferred between the two cities (e.g., Potsdam’s integrative climate policy or Bern’s efforts to become a role model for stakeholders and citizens). Moreover, the challenge to coordinate heritage management and climate governance offers chances for cooperation between matching cities like Bern and Potsdam.
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Belokurova, Elena, and Dmitry Vorobyev. "Elena Belokurova, Dmitry Vorobyev, Promotion of World Heritage Values: Experiences in St. Petersburg and Other Cities of Russia." 2 8, no. 2 (December 7, 2020): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37710/plural.v8i2_4.
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The paper reflects the experiences of the social movements, civic initiatives and NGOs in St. Petersburg and other cities of Russia as well as in some other post-Soviet countries, aimed at the promotion and raising awareness of local populations about the World Heritage value in their cities. These efforts are needed, because the outstanding universal values of the historic centres of St. Petersburg and other cities are threatened by illegal construction, misguided urban planning, neglect and a lack of public attention; churches and cultural landscapes suffer from poor restoration, development pressure and an unregulated tourism boom. These effects are often possible because the almost most local population has no knowledge about the UNESCO World Heritage status and its implications. As a result, they are not sufficiently able to speak out for the protection of their site, and do not know how the status of world cultural heritage can help them. Moreover, the population has little understanding of both the cultural value for their own community and what it means to be a World Heritage in general, leading to an insufficient realization of the potentials in the status of world cultural heritage.
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Hochberg, Gil. "From Heritage to Refugee Heritage." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 40, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-8186027.
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Abstract As a contemporary concept, heritage bridges legal discourse and ethical discourse, national affiliations and a global imaginary, colonial pasts and neocolonial presents. The term often circulates beliefs in cultural authenticity, collective memory, and historical merit under the logic of neoliberal markets and legitimate capital gain, hence the tight connections between cultural heritage, industry, and tourism. While the concept developed as early as the nineteenth century in postrevolutionary France, its expansive political, juridical, and symbolic use has matured only after the Second World War, primarily as a reaction to the mass destruction experienced in European cities. Managing “heritage” in the context of the global political imagination created after the war, UNESCO has become the key player, lead actor, and sole orchestrator of all things/sites/memories—tangible and intangible—defined as World Cultural Heritage. This article looks at recent critical engagement with heritage, and with UNESCO's role in identifying heritage sites, by exploring Refugee Heritage, a recent project of DAAR (Decolonizing Architecture Art Residency).
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Shulgin, P. M., O. E. Shtele, and S. I. Murashkina. "Astronomical observatories included in the UNESCO World Heritage List." Heritage and Modern Times 4, no. 3 (November 23, 2021): 343–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.52883/2619-0214-2021-4-3-343-355.
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The article analyses the World Heritage Center activities in the implementation of the pilot project "Astronomy and World Heritage. Thematic Initiative", which was launched in 2003. As part of this project, in 2010, 2019 and in 2021 five objects, related to the astronomical heritage were added to the World Heritage List. However, a detailed study of the UNESCO World Heritage List shows, that it already contains astronomical heritage objects (usually historical observatories), which fit there as part of complex nominations, for example, centers of historical cities or groups of architectural structures, concentrated on historical and cultural territory. Examples of astronomical heritage sites included in the UNESCO World Heritage List are described.
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Keech, Daniel, and Marc Redepenning. "Culturalization and urban horticulture in two World Heritage cities." Food, Culture & Society 23, no. 3 (April 14, 2020): 315–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15528014.2020.1740142.
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Pulido-Fernández, Juan Ignacio, Isabel Carrillo-Hidalgo, and Ana Belén Mudarra-Fernández. "Factors that influence tourism expenditure in World Heritage Cities." Anatolia 30, no. 4 (August 7, 2019): 530–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2019.1650083.
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Zeng, Zhixin, and Xiaojun Wang. "Will World Cultural Heritage Sites Boost Economic Growth? Evidence from Chinese Cities." Sustainability 15, no. 10 (May 22, 2023): 8375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15108375.
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Cultural heritage is closely related to the economy. However, most studies focus on the relationship between the cultural heritage and tourism economy, instead of on the overall economy. This paper estimated the effect of the World Cultural Heritage(s) (WCH) acquisition on economic growth in 242 Chinese cities from 2004 to 2017, based on multiple variations of the difference-in-differences method. Our results show that the WCH acquisition can boost economic growth in local cities. In addition, research and development investments, appearance patents, and exports are three plausible channels for the WCH acquisition to spur cities’ economic growth. Connecting to high-speed rail is not necessary for a city to gather economic benefits from the WCH acquisition. Being a smart city can increase the economic enhancement capacity of the WCH acquisition.