Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Organisations à haut risque'
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Tannous, Scarlett. "An integrated framework to assess the “effectiveness” of risk-related public policies for high-risk chemical and petrochemical sites : A comparative study in France and Australia." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2023. https://basepub.dauphine.fr/discover?query=%222023UPSLD034%22.
Full textHigh-risk industrial sites (e.g., Seveso Upper Tier (UT) and Major Hazard Facilities (MHF)) are classified by legislation and regulations as the most dangerous sites. In other words, in case of a major accident, damage can be significant even if it is supposed to occur rarely. Risk prevention and crisis management policies are one way to prevent that while sustaining the economic vitality of the industrial sector. These trade-offs constitute a major challenge for governments and public actors, who have a primary role in protecting their citizens and improving their social well-being by taking political decisions and developing “effective” risk prevention and crisis management policies.How can we assess such policy “effectiveness” and what does it mean? Ultimately, a risk policy must reduce risks and prevent major accidents (e.g., efficacy), but what other aspects condition such performativity? Some answers to these multidisciplinary questions can be found in public administration, management and decision sciences, risk, safety, and regulatory research areas. Under the public policy dimension, studies emphasize gaps related to (i) the role of effective risk governance and (ii) the central role of inspection, oversight, or monitoring performance, which is often overlooked despite its importance. The objective of this thesis is, therefore, to answer with a bottom-up approach the following research question: How can the “risk policy system” around high-risk sites be assessed for an effective decision process taking into consideration the territorial levels such as the Regional level for France and the State level for Australia?Based on qualitative approaches, this thesis aims to propose a multicriteria assessment framework serving conceptual thinking and problem framing for risk policy assessment. It suggests embracing the complexity of a system that combines (i) an organizational and governance system, (ii) a regulatory or normative system, and (iii) a system of practical tools/instruments. The assessment framework is also tested through two qualitative case studies in the Normandy Region (France) and the State of Victoria (Australia), which are both areas where a significant number of high-risk facilities exist.Main contributions include (i) an assessment framework of more than ten criteria coupled with practical questions adapted to the contexts of high-risk industrial sites. They include conditions for legitimacy and validity such as efficacy, transparency, adequacy, and so on; and (ii) two in-depth descriptive assessments of the Normand and Victorian risk policy systems allow us to deduce some main variabilities in their system’s effectiveness. Some limitations appear to concern generalization, scoping, and representativity aspects. Future work encourages testing this framework on other cases, exploring the groups of facilities at the legislative and regulatory boundaries, examining the inter-relationships and dependencies between criteria, and exploring the aggregation methods that can serve the formalization of this framework
JOPPIN, LEWANDOWKI ELISABETH. "Le choriocarcinome gestationnel a haut risque." Amiens, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AMIEM127.
Full textMaillard, Daniel. "Maîtrise de l'urbanisation autour des sites industriels à haut risque." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dessid/rrbmaillard.pdf.
Full textAlbert, Hélène. "Le maintien à domicile des personnes âgées à haut risque." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070054.
Full textThe access to a grand old age has a tendance to be nothing special for the octogenarian and the hundred year olds, who are confronted with health and handicap problems. Of which adds to the pathogeny of family and social isolation. Taking into count the parameters of every individual as well as those of their family circle. This must introduce a pragmatic approach, a true diagnostic and a fundamental gerontolgists intervention. The evolution of the place reserved to old age people in our society and their problems and their participation in the construction of a true puzzle, the genrator of an extrodinary and diversified structure and ways that people can take care of them. This study will try to make us understand and be aware of why the idea to maintain the old in their homes, which is an object of a consensus doesn't translat on the job by a beam of different ways put in place to respect the fundamental choice of old people to stay in their homes
Mayer, Julie. "DE L’ATTENTION AU RISQUE : une perspective attentionnelle de la construction sociale du risque par les organisations." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED059.
Full textThis study addresses organizations’ ability to manage their attention to risks, in an increasingly complex and uncertain environment. Risks, regardless their nature, can be ambiguous or even unthinkable: thus, delimiting where, when and how to allocate attention remains a challenge. Through their structures, organizations attempt to manage this attention as a scarce resource: to which extent can organizations manage their attention to risks? We answer this question by mobilizing theories that consider risk as an object socially constructed by organizations. We mobilize the Attention-Based View to explore the ambiguous role of attention (i.e. the allocation of time and efforts to environment’s objects) in risk construction.This study relies on the analysis of practices in twelve organizations from various sectors, through sixty interviews with risk managers, top managers and middle managers. We describe risk construction as an “art of photographing”, through the succession of attentional mechanisms. We show that as an “object”, risk is a way to express the artificial reconstitution of a reality, but also organizations’ intention or capacity to act toward their environment. As a “structure”, risk reflects a particular way of thinking and organizing, which drives organizational attention in daily practices. Finally, we highlight risk’s “unexpected” effects on attention: paradoxically, risk can both amplify and neutralize attention. Those results invite to consider risk management, theoretically as in practice, as an art of composing with the necessary subjectivity of actors
Veyrune, Jean-Luc. "Déficiences masticatoires pour deux groupes humains à haut risque d'édentement total." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CLF1DD01.
Full textThis thesis conserns the study of masticatory deficiency and the options for functional rehabilitation. Two groups of patients are studied - the elderly and persons with Down syndrome. These groups share certain characteristics. They both have a high risk of edentulousness, a high prevalence of systemic disease and tend to be socially dependent. In terms of mastication, the two groups are different in two main ways. Patients with Down syndrome tend to lose their teeth earlier than the general population and they often have a deficient masticatory system prior to tooth extraction. The parallel study of these groups aims to elucidate the different means of adaptation to the prosthetic treatment of edentulousness. The themes developed here include the methods of study used to evaluate masticatory capacity and the specific deficiencies found in the two groups. The work of the author in this fiels is resumed and further topics for research discussed
Combelas, Nicolas. "Induction d'une immunité cross-neutralisante contre les papillomavirus à haut risque." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR3801/document.
Full textHigh risk human papillomaviruses (HR HPV) are the etiologic agents of cervical cancer. Current prophylactic HPV vaccines have been shown to protect against natural infection and against the development of high-grade lesions associated with HPV 16 and 18, both responsible of 70% of cervical cancer. However, these vaccines have not the potential to protect against all the thirteen other HR HPV. The aims of my PhD thesis were to evaluate the quadrivalent anti HPV vaccine and second generation vaccine capacity to induce cross-neutralizing antibodies against HR HPV. First, we have investigated the neutralizing antibodies against HPV 58 and HPV 31 after immunization in a population of 65 vaccinated HPV 31 and HPV 58 DNA-negative Colombian women. The results have shown that 33% and 24% of the immunized women exhibited cross neutralizing antibodies against HPV 31 and HPV 58 one month after vaccination, respectively. HPV 58 pseudovirions generated in a cellular system and used in this study exhibit a 10 fold higher capacity to transduce COS-7 cells than those of the HPV 31 PsV and thus represent an interesting candidate for DNA immunization application. The second and third parts of my work were to develop and analyze the immune response induced by second generation vaccine based on L2 protein. In fact, because L2 protein is able to induce cross-neutralizing antibodies, it represents a good alternative in order to develop broad-spectrum HPV vaccine. In order to enhance the anti-L2 immune response, three systems based on the streptavidin/biotin interaction have been evaluated in order to decorate HPV 16 VLPs with multiple L2 protein.Finally, we have produced HPV58 pseudovirions encoding the HPV31 L2 protein. Results obtained indicated that cross-neutralizing antibodies against HPV 16, 31, 58 and a more distant type HPV 18 are only obtained after immunization with pseudovirions encoding the L2 protein
Bailleux, Caroline. "Métabolomique du cancer du sein localisé à haut risque de récidive." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COAZ6017.
Full textBreast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with multiple histological, biological, and molecular subtypes. Several fundamental studies have highlighted the activation of specific metabolic pathways in aggressive breast cancers. The aim of this thesis was to identify a signature or markers of the metabolome in localized breast cancer at high risk of recurrence.Our initial studies were based on the retrospective inclusion of 52 patients with localized breast cancer treated at the Antoine Lacassagne Center in Nice. We also analyzed diagnostic biopsies from a cohort of 49 patients treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy at the Georges-François Leclerc Center in Dijon for locally advanced breast cancer. After extraction, separation, and concentration of metabolites from diagnostic biopsies and resected tumors, we performed metabolomic profiling using LC-MS/MS to identify and quantify metabolites relatively, followed by biological and statistical analysis.First, we compared the performance of 5 unsupervised machine learning methods (PCA k-means, sparse k-means, spectral clustering, SIMLR, and k-sparse) to identify groups of breast cancer patients. This analysis was only performed on the cohort from Nice.In Article 1, the clusters obtained using the 5 unsupervised machine learning methods were compared. The five methods identified three groups of patients, distinguished by their supposed prognosis (favorable group 1, intermediate group 2, unfavorable group 3), with different clinical and biological profiles. The SIMLR and K-sparse methods were the most effective in terms of clustering. The most discriminating metabolic pathways were glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and amino acid metabolism. The simulated "in-silico" survival analysis (PREDICT tool) revealed a significant difference between the 3 groups for 5-year and 10-year specific survival.In Article 2, survival analyses were performed based on actual patient survival data. Each patient was assigned to his prognostic group established by the 5 unsupervised machine learning methods. Groups 1 and 2 were combined and compared to group 3. The median follow-up was extended to 85.8 months. Bootstrap optimization was applied. The PCA k-means, K-sparse, and Spectral clustering methods achieved the best results for predicting 2-year progression-free survival. The PCA k-means method had the best performance. However, CSS and OS analyses revealed discrepancies between the 5 unsupervised machine learning methods.Simultaneously, a supervised analysis comparing high-grade tumors to low/intermediate grade tumors was conducted to determine the metabolites involved in tumor aggressiveness (Article 3). The Nice cohort was used as a training cohort, while the Dijon cohort was used for external validation. The metabolomic signature was composed of 12 metabolites. The AUCs for the training and validation cohorts were greater than 0.88. Thus, the model could distinguish high-grade tumors from low/intermediate grade tumors with a probability of nearly 90%. We identified several biomarkers of tumor aggressiveness, such as N1, N12 diacetylspermine and tryptophan catabolites (kynurenine and serotonin), which are involved in inhibiting the immune response.These studies open up new perspectives on the underlying biological mechanisms of tumor aggressiveness. Furthermore, the identified biomarkers will allow the development of new strategies. However, analyses on larger populations are necessary
Rolland, Karine. "Streptococcus agalactiae : marqueurs phylogénétiques et groupes génomiques à haut risque infectieux néonatal." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR3309.
Full textGanzola, Rossana. "Biomarqueurs neuroanatomiques chez les individus à haut risque pour le trouble bipolaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27506.
Full textBipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric disorder that affects a considerable proportion of humankind, and whose pathophysiology is still mostly unknown. Because relatives of patients with bipolar disorders are known to be at heightened risk for developing different types of mood disorders, the assessment of these individuals at an age that typically precedes disease onset is a relevant strategy for elucidating developmental and risk factors associated with an increased risk for BD and other affective disorders such as major depression. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigations in youths at high risk (HR) can help identify genetic vulnerabilities and potential risk markers of the earliest presence, nature, and extent of brain changes that occur during development of this illness and/or diseases associated with BD. This dissertation contributes to the body of research in this field by exploring brain morphology in asymptomatic adolescents and young adults at high risk of developing BD. In the first study (cf. Chapter II), we performed a meta-analysis of voxelbased morphometry (VBM) studies comparing grey and white matter in patients diagnosed with BD to healthy subjects, in order to better explain and understand the neuroanatomical changes related to the disease. This metaanalysis demonstrated the involvement of some gray and white matter regions, especially the frontal, cingulate, and parahippocampal cortices, the striatum, and connections located in the temporal lobe, the cingulate and insular cortices. In light of this study, we wished to explore the same regions in a group of asymptomatic subjects at high risk of developing the disease. Thus, in our second study (cf. Chapter III), we explored gray and white matter morphology using different techniques in eight children of BD patients from Québec compared with age- and sex-matched control individuals without family history of psychiatric disorders. Results reveal alterations in BD offsprings mainly located in cortical volumes and thicknesses in limbic, parietal, and frontal areas, as well as reduced white matter integrity in frontothalamic connections. With this study we confirmed the involvement of the frontal and parahippocampal cortices not only in bipolar disorder, but also as a possible endophenotype associated with a genetic risk of developing this illness. Finally, we investigated white matter (WM) integrity using diffusion tensor images (DTI) in a bigger sample of young subjects at HR of mood disorders recruited in Scotland. WM integrity differences between relatives of BD patients and controls were analyzed both at baseline and after longitudinal follow-up, at which point some high-risk subjects developed major depressive disorder. A reduced WM integrity in genetic high-risk subjects compared with controls was confirmed in this largest Scottish sample (cf. Chapter IV). Moreover, we demonstrated an association between WM integrity in different regions and sub-clinic symptoms of depression at baseline in HR subjects. Finally, we detected a progressive loss of WM integrity with time in both HR subjects and controls (cf. Chapter V). This dissertation provides compelling evidence that HR individuals present distinct neuroanatomical characteristics in both gray and white matter. The results have important theoretical and clinical implications, in that they contribute to clarifying the morphological features of this group and increasing our knowledge of the pathophysiology of BD in order to ameliorate the diagnostic process.
Ruillé, Jonathan. "Management des risques intégré des navires et de leurs armements : un ferry peut-il être une organisation à haute fiabilité ?" Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NANT4027.
Full textDespite the technological developments making the ships more "safe", the recent accidents - Costa Concordia (2012), Sewol (2014), Norman Atlantic (2014) - remind us that the maritime transport remains a risk activity. For as much, the maritime traffic has never been as important, either in number of vessels or in tons of freight transported, and these accidents have a relatively low frequency. The multiplication of regulations and conventions (SOLAS, MARPOL, STCW, ISM, ISPS; MLC 2006, etc. ) is intended to reduce them because their consequences can be quickly dramatic: hundreds, or even thousands, of people may lose their lives due to a shipwreck. Thus, ferries have an imperative of reliability counteracting the dangers that threaten them. The responsibilities which weigh on the crew are important, and each day they have to lead the ship of a point A to a point B safely while respecting the deadlines. This thesis is concerned with the organizational reliability by examining the organization allowing the crew, in link with the stakeholders (shipping company, approved inspection body, etc. ), to seize all of requirements for risk management and performance expected, in a context of globalization and increased competition. During our five-week boarding of two ferries, we combined a qualitative approach (observations, interviews) to a quantitative approach (questionnaires) to answer the question: a ferry can be a high reliability organization ?
Pineau, Marie-Anne Coupel Stéphanie. "Grossesse chez la femme dialysée." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=20956.
Full textRousseau, Audrey lefevre. "Cardiopathies congénitales cyanogènes et grossesse." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=21356.
Full textMichel, Magali Pattier Sabine. "Transplantation thoracique et grossesse l'expérience nantaise /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=45746.
Full textBocquet, Jérôme. "Anesthesie caudale sans anesthesie generale de complement chez l'enfant a haut risque respiratoire." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN11202.
Full textBaudemont, Michel. "Une population à haut risque d'exclusion de l'emploi : les personnes issues de l'immigration." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR20008.
Full textLongo, Jean de Dieu. "Groupes à Haut Risque du VIH en République Centrafricaine : Classification et interventions précoces." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS220/document.
Full textKeywords : high risk group- typology - FSW - MSM –HIV -STD- Central AfricanBackground: The population of female sex workers (FSW) and the group of men who have sex with men (MSM) constitutes a priori an important core group of HIV transmission. In the context of the Central African Republic the situation of FSW and MSM is yet unknown. The objectives of this thesis were to establish a documented typology of female sexual transactions in Bangui and to measure the prevalence of HIV and associated comorbidities in these two populations.Materials and Methods: First 1384 sensitized female volunteers were recruited to the site of their activities and oriented at the survey site. Finally, 345 FSW questionnaires were selected for study analysis. MSM were recruited on a voluntary basis by the way of local network of nonprofit organizations working in the field of HIV infection. Included MSM were referred to the National STD center of Bangui for social, behavioral and medical evaluation. After collection of social and behavioral characteristics, each participant received a physical examination and a blood sample was taken for HIV and STD testing.Main results: Female prostitution in the CAR is remarkably heterogeneous. Risk-taking regarding HIV infection is very different between each category of female prostitution. HIV varied according to FSW categories, Thus, HIV prevalence was 6-fold higher among « kata » than « pupulenge » (39.1% versus 6.3%).Among non professionnal FSW, « students », « civil servants » and « housewifes » were the less infected (6.1%, 9.8%, 13.0%, respectively), whereas « sellers » constituted the category of highest HIV prevalence (31.9%).HIV infection in the whole study FSW population was strongly associated with anal sex practice with last clients (adjusted OR, 4.3), condom use in last 3 months (adjusted OR, 24.9), alcohol consumption before sex (adjusted OR, 2.8) and past history of STIs (adjusted OR, 4.2). The population of MSM in Bangui is identified for the first time as a yet unexpected high-risk group for HIV, being 5-fold higher HIV-infected than the general adult heterosexual population. The 131 (100%) MSM accepted blood sampling: 24 % were HIV-1-infected; 20% were infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) (Ag HBs), including 6 cases of co-infection by HIV and HBV; 3,8 % showed positive syphilis serology. The MSM in Bangui, needing urgently specific interventions for prevention and heath care.Conclusion: The results of this work led to better characterized and documented populations of women and TS MSM in Bangui. Two groups population "original" for the Central African Republic, vulnerable and at high risk of HIV infection
Eszto, Marie-Laure Monnier-Barbarino Patricia. "Etude de la cinétique des anticorps anticardiolipines dans les grossesses à risque." [S.l] : [s.n], 2004. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2004_CAMBON_ESZTO_MARIE_LAURE.pdf.
Full textDorey-Assedo, Yvette. "Les conduites de risque dans les organisations contraphobiques : une étude psychanalytique de l'alpinisme." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100040.
Full textLaflamme, Dominique. "L'étayage maternel chez deux groupes de prématurés âgés de 4 ans, l'un à faible risque médical, l'autre à haut risque médical." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/MQ44705.pdf.
Full textBeck, Elise Weber Christiane Granet Michel. "Approche multi-risques en milieu urbain Le cas des risques sismiques et technologiques dans l'agglomération de Mulhouse (Haut-Rhin) /." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2007. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/643/01/Beck2006.pdf.
Full textTurgeon, Karolane. "Corrélats développementaux de l'autorégulation dans une population à haut risque sur le plan social." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36634.
Full textMerle, Georges. "Les nouveaux instruments financiers : approche du risque et incidences humaines dans les organisations bancaires." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0055.
Full textTchakoute, Tchuigoua Hubert. "Dispositif de gestion des risques opérationnels dans les organisations de microfinance : une approche exploratoire." Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR40009.
Full textThe literature review points out that banks operational risk depend on an organizational and/or a financial approach. In microfinance organizations, which contribute positively to the financiarization of people excluded from the banking sector, the problem of operational risk management has not been the subject of scientific investigation, and operational risk is not subject to a regulatory treatment. Starting from this double observation, this research is conducted to identify the strategic choices of operational risks management in microfinance organizations and to highlight how those choices are structured, through a non-financial, qualitative and exploratory approach. Four case studies, selected by taking into account the diversity of institutional and organizational forms of microfinance organizations, have permitted to draw conclusions about opérational risk determinants and the management choices of those risks. In addition, the analysis highlight the effects of organizational forms on both the operational risk and the levers mobilized to deal with it
GOLFIER, FRANCOIS. "Etude pilote de polychimiotherapie premiere dans les cancers du col a haut risque de recidive." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M424.
Full textJouannaux, Elisabeth. "Internationalisation en pays à haut niveau de risque : trois essais sur l'engagement capitalistique des entreprises." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/220111_DIDIER_180smupva520q769pnx721nu_TH.pdf.
Full textThis thesis examines the internationalization process of firms in high-risk countries (HNR). Indeed, the highly globalized and competitive environment of today’s business world requires many companies to consider these very specific markets as crucial to their growth. The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the literature on the internationalization of firms and to study the extent to which companies are internationalizing in HNR countries by a progressive commitment of their resources. The Uppsala theory has been a reference in the field for more than 40 years, while other theories on the internationalization of firms criticize, amend or refute the merits of this progressive approach as the best option in minimizing the impact of risk. More specifically, this thesis studies the factors that trigger internationalization in HNR countries, the way companies manage risk, control their operations and build their commitment strategy. This study analyses the relationship between the level of risk, the experience and the influence of the age of firms at internationalization as part of their shift from a non-equity entry mode to an equity entry mode. It also observes the interaction between, acquisition of international experience and role of the business model (BM) in this process of internationalization in HNR. This thesis proposes, finally, strategic orientations for managers and opens up several avenues for the development of future researches
Pucci, Francisco Hoss Dietrich. "L'apprentissage organisationnel de la gestion du risque une analyse comparée du réseau d'assainissement de Lyon et d'un hôpital de Montevideo /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2002. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2002/pucci_f.
Full textFarache, Monique. "Asthme et grossesse." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P125.
Full textLeroy, Christian. "Les grossesses sur stérilet : à l'exclusion des grossesses intra-utérines menées à terme." Nantes, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NANT3650.
Full textMagaud, Emilie. "Intérêts des marqueurs cognitifs dans la détection précoce des sujets à Ultra Haut Risque de psychose." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066633.
Full textMercier, Eric. "Contribution à l'étude des facteurs biologiques de risque vasculaire." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON13507.
Full textDiallo, Bassirou Labico. "Épidémie du VIH en Guinée : Prévalence, Facteurs de Risque Associés et Tendances 2001 à 2007 dans les Principaux Groupes à Haut Risque – Éléments de Classification." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28142/28142.pdf.
Full textObjectives: To estimate HIV prevalence, its associations with potential risk factors, and trends from 2001 to 2007, and to describe vulnerability among commercial sex-workers (CSWs) as well as among their potential clients who were truck-drivers, military army and miners from all over the country of Guinea, West Africa. Methods: 339 CSWs and 954 potential clients in 2001, 598 and 3401 respectively in 2007 were interviewed then tested for HIV over all the country. Data were analysed by multivariate log-binomial regression. Results: Among CSWs, HIV prevalence (40.7% in 2001 and 34.5% in 2007; p=0.15) was associated with illiteracy [(Prevalence Ratio noted PR)=1.41; p=0.02 in 2001 and PR=1.28; p=0.03 in 2007) and with sexually transmitted diseases [ (STDs); PR=1.89; p=0.001 in 2001]. HIV prevalence among potential clients (varying from 4.5% to 7.0% in 2001 and from 5.2% to 6.4% in 2007) was positively associated once at least, with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), alcohol consumption, declaring paying sexual partners and negatively, with reported capacity of restraining from risky sexual intercourse. Trends of indicators analysed were together not favourable for controlling epidemic with the exception of those observed among among CSWs. Conclusion: HIV prevalence was very high and strongly concentrated among CSWs and their potential clients, relatively to data obtained observed in the general population of Guinea. Sexually active networks were also observed, as well as more vulnerable sub-groups among illiterate CSWs and among potential clients who were alcohol consumers, or who declared STD symptoms. Reinforcement of prevention targeting specific sub-groups is needed.
Surriabre, Dick Pedro. "Développement d'une stratégie adaptée a la situation bolivienne pour la détection des papillomavirus humains de haut risque." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/285674.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Pharmacie)
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RASTEL, CATHERINE. "Analyse comparative des parametres immunocliniques de populations de transplantes renaux a haut risque et a fonction optimale." Nantes, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NANT162M.
Full textMazzorana-Kremer, Florie. "La gouvernance des organisations temporaires contraintes à de forts enjeux de sécurité." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM020/document.
Full textOur interest in temporary organizations emerged from the analysis of a gas storage company that was facing a Major technological change. This change was carried out by an organization composed of a formal project gathering of different companies and by the parent company itself.We found this organization very interesting because of its temporary nature. We asked ourselves, in fact, could we analyse it, as we would for any other organization? How could we account for this temporary characteristic?To answer these questions, our first objective was to review the existing literature related to organizations that are temporary. It appeared that a big part of this literature referred to so-called “temporary” organizations. They were described as systems that had a high level of uncertainty. They were often said to be managed by informal coordination rules that were occasionally influenced by parent companies…These first investigations further supported the idea that our gas storage case study was indeed, dealing with a temporary organisation. There was also a notable lack of consensus among the different studies on how these organizations should be managed. Additionally, this confirmed our belief that these temporary systems could generate unexpected risks because of their non-traditional approaches and behaviors.In the second phase of our thesis, we reviewed the Safety Science literature (the “safety sciences” refer to the theories and research whose objectives are to ensure the safety of humans and systems). We noticed that most of the theories dealing with Safety Science did not address and take into account, the temporary nature of organizations and their consequential effects on security. However, some relevant case studies we looked at, like the Challenger accident or the Mann Gulch disaster, did in fact concern temporary organizations.We then pursued our research by focusing more on governance and safety management topics.Based on the aforesaid lack of consensus, we decided not to use any single hypothesis from our readings. On the contrary, we carried out a qualitative analysis. An analysis without any preconceived notion, inspired from the Grounded Theory Methodology (Glaser & Strauss, 1967).We then did several interviews and field observations on our gas storage project. Based on these interviews and observations, several hypotheses emerged. One of these hypotheses was that the complexity of temporary organizations, tied to their limited time frames, led individuals to sometimes make suboptimal trade-offs between their various planned tasks. Additionally, this complexity and these time constraints made it difficult to identify and assess risks
Vassor, Anne. "Isolement de "Toxoplasma gondii" sur cultures de cellules MRC 5 pour le diagnostic prénatal de la toxoplasmose congénitale : résultats de 53 dossiers." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P125.
Full textBaccara, Marie-Thérèse. "Prise en charge intensive de 80 grossesses de femmes diabétiques : évaluation rétrospective de l'expérience Montpelliéraine sur neuf ans (1985-1993)." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON11177.
Full textCouquet, Caroline. "Préparation préconceptionnelle de la femme diabétique." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05P007.
Full textRodriguez, Chantal. "La grossesse chez les femmes paraplégiques traumatiques." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M040.
Full textAbramovici, Marianne. "La prise en compte de l'organisation dans l'analyse des risques industriels : méthodes et pratiques." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DENS0015.
Full textFassert, Christine. "La transparence dans les organisations à risque : une approche ethnographique dans le contrôle de la navigation aérienne." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010716.
Full textGaillard, Giordani Marie-Laure. "Les modalités transactionnelles et relationnelles de la création et du financement des nouvelles organisations : la dynamique des engagements et des désengagements." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE0006.
Full textThis thesis explores the conditions in which the primary triggering events which form the basic units of economics and management - organizations - take place. Organizations crystallize multiple and diffuse energies inside complex social and economic networks and transform them into a perfect, resilient and elusive form just like a snowflake. Such structures emerge through the spirit of entrepreneurship which is together collective (society and environement) and individual (competences, intentions and self-interest). When the mechanism is catalyzed by the exchange and commitment of knowledge and resources, especially financial resources, the founding conditions and decisions start to be exponentially irreversible. An organization is thus born from organizing, it becomes an independent entity with its own name and unique identity
Boehler, Marie-Claude. "Le droit de la radioprotection : la protection contre le risque radiologique en droit interne et en droit international." Nancy 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN20010.
Full textThe protection against radiological risk is one of the few fields of the protection of mankind against the harmful effects of the modern world, where a worldwide reflexion and doctrine have become imperative and have led to recommendations every state has adopted as a basis of its regulations. This has been accepted unanimously because of the quality of the achievements of a number of international organizations of scientific nature which undertook to elaborate the fundamental principles of radiological protection, as well as through some governmental international organizations which registered in judicial norms the scientific organizations recommendations. The radiological protection fundamental principles elaboration process on an international level as well as the technique of turning them into judicial norms has been analysed. This technique explains the persistence and the reinforcement of the tendency toward the formal and material harmonization of the national judicial systems of radiological protection in which these norms are transposed. Their acceptance in national judicial systems is the subject of the analysis of the radiological protection judiciary framework in comparative law and in French internal law
Bilat, Anne-Sophie. "Estimation du risque de rupture fragile de soudures de pipelines en aciers à haut grade : caractérisation et modélisation." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00186517.
Full textSuffet, Delphine. "L'entretien prénatal du pédiatre dans les situations à haut risque obstétrical : illustration d'une collaboration périnatale, analyse d'une pratique." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON11086.
Full textChateau, Terrisse Pascale. "LES OUTILS DE GESTION, TRANSPORTEURS ET RÉGULATEURS DES LOGIQUES INSTITUTIONNELLES Cas de deux organisations de capital-risque solidaire." Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00943599.
Full textChateau, Pascale. "Les outils de gestion, transporteurs et régulateurs des logiques institutionnelles : cas de deux organisations de capital-risque solidaire." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01011807.
Full textChâteau, Terrisse Pascale. "Les outils de gestion, transporteurs et régulateurs des logiques institutionnelles : cas de deux organisations de capital-risque solidaire." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0080/document.
Full textInstitutional theory describes management artifacts as embedded in the society and in interactions with organizational actors. This work is aiming to grasp the complexity of management apparatus and analyzes it as: first, symbolical element neutral for the organizational activity, adopted for legitimacy and diffused by isomorphic mechanisms; then, rhetorical objects generating languages and categorizations, transformed by actors; finally, as artifacts carrying multiple institutional logics. This thesis postulates that management artifacts can also regulate contradictions between institutional logics. A qualitative methodology combining longitudinal multi-level approaches and research action, is revealing the institutional logics of the organizational field of interdependent finance and of two interdependent venture capital funds. The management apparatus of these funds is studied. New management tools created during the research action, charters and shareholders' agreements are carrying venture organizations' institutional logics. A change in a shareholders' agreement and the management system of the investment decision-making process in a venture fund, named investment committees, divulge that management apparatus handle tensions between institutional logics by eliminating one of them, compartmenting or integrating them. The results of this study acknowledge different degrees in the contradictions between institutional logics related to their permeability, the professions represented in the organization, the practices looked at. They contribute also to formalize links between management artifacts and institutional logics. We lastly propose a model combining two processes that explicate how multiple logics can blend and how tensions can be handled
Rauturier, Catherine. "Difficultés de prise en charge des aplasies medullaires découvertes durant la grossesse : à propos d'un cas." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M068.
Full textBaudrin-Mannessier, Sylvie. "Epilepsie et grossesse." Lille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL2P023.
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