Journal articles on the topic 'Organisational restructure'
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1
Exworthy, M. "A Review of Recent Structural Changes to District Health Authorities as Purchasing Organisations." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 11, no. 3 (September 1993): 279–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c110279.
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The first year of the National Health Service reforms was characterised by a steady-state situation involving little alteration to existing purchaser–provider organisational structures. However, the second year saw the internal market begin to take effect, though still restricted in many areas. In this paper, some recent developments of district health authority purchaser organisations are explored. The potentially contradictory trends towards (geographically and organisationally) larger purchasers, in the form of mergers and consortia, and the need for locally sensitive purchasing mechanisms are discussed. It is concluded that there needs to be some policy direction concerning the hierarchy of purchasers as the number of general practitioner fund-holders increases and as providers begin to restructure their operations in the internal (managed) market.
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Hashim, Junaidah, and Saodah Wok. "Predictors to employees with disabilities’ organisational behaviour and involvement in employment." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 33, no. 2 (February 4, 2014): 193–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-03-2012-0018.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the work challenges of employees with disabilities and predict the organisational behaviours of employees and their involvement in employment. Design/methodology/approach – A self-developed questionnaire was used to gather relevant information from employers, employees with disabilities and their co-workers. The questionnaires were distributed and administered by a number of trained enumerators. Findings – Both employers and co-workers perceived that their organisations have provided conducive organisation climate, comfortable work environment and reasonable adjustment for their employees with disabilities. Employees with disabilities are found loyal and committed. They are satisfied with the job. Organisational loyalty and commitment are predicted by the organisations’ ability to restructure their job design to suit to the needs of employees with disabilities. Research limitations/implications – Initially, this study planned to use purposive sampling; however, due to poor database maintained by the relevant agency of employees with disability employment in the country, the paper was unable to identify which employers employ how many employees with disabilities. The sampling then was based on convenient sampling. Practical implications – Job design, organisational climate and comfortable work environment have long been recognised for motivating employees’ performance (Hackman et al., 1975; Garg and Rastogi, 2006). The paper's findings show that these factors also motivate employees with disabilities. This is added value to the existing body of knowledge as limited is known about the motivation of employees with disabilities. Originality/value – This study is unique because it gathers data from several parties: employees with disabilities, the co-workers and the employers.
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Schäffer, Utz, Erik Strauss, and Christina Zecher. "The role of management control systems in situations of institutional complexity." Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 12, no. 4 (October 12, 2015): 395–424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-01-2015-0010.
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Purpose – This study investigates in depth how decision-making of different organisational members is shaped by various management control systems (MCSs) that reflect different institutional logics, how the entire organisation deals with the arising institutional complexity and which role different management controls as a system play in such situations. Design/methodology/approach – A case study was conducted on a German Mittelstand firm whose MCSs were shaped by three different logics over time: a family logic, a stakeholder logic and a shareholder logic. Findings – This paper shows how different actors of an organisation confronted with institutional complexity used selective coupling of different MCS components and compartmentalizing MCS components to deal with clashing institutional logics. Thereby, it was possible for the actors to balance different sub-communities within the firm that were shaped by conflicting but yet complementary logics that were required for organisational survival. Research limitations/implications – This study contributes to the understanding of how an MCS can be exploited for organisational structural responses to multiple logics. Due to this research design, the present study deals with challenges of ex post rationalization. Practical implications – The results show options for organisational leaders to deal with different kind of worldviews (i.e. logics) that shape employees’ behaviour. Particularly, this paper explains how leaders can restructure their MCSs to influence human behaviour in times of radical change. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the literature on MCSs by showing what role MCSs play in structural responses to institutional complexity.
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Clibborn, Stephen. "The politics of employment relations in a multinational corporation during crisis." Economic and Industrial Democracy 40, no. 3 (March 7, 2018): 560–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x17748198.
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Much progress has been made recognising the importance of power and politics in organisational processes but legal regulatory institutional constraints on actors remain overemphasised in the extant literature. This article provides unique insight into organisational processes during the global economic crisis. The glare of crisis illuminates the negotiated nature of organisational processes and outcomes, demonstrating the range of options available to actors, both within and beyond apparent legal institutional limits. General Motors has received significant publicity for its near collapse, government bailout and restructure through bankruptcy proceedings. During the crisis the company made changes impacting its global workforce. This article tracks three key employment practices from development in the United States headquarters to implementation in the Australian subsidiary in the context of inconsistent local laws. Directives to cut pay for some employees, freeze pay for others and terminate the employment of a large number of workers were received and implemented in the subsidiary in varying and counterintuitive ways. Institutional consistency does not guarantee successful transfer, while even host country legal institutional inconsistency is no guarantee of failure.
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Abd Elghany, Mona Mohamed, and Reem Aly Elharakany. "Questioning Facilities Management in Higher Education in Egyptian Context for Better Decision-Making Process of Funding Allocation." International Journal of Business and Management 12, no. 7 (June 6, 2017): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v12n7p129.
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The quality of education is influenced by the managerialization of the universities, which refers to the introduction of substantial changes in the decision-making processes of the academic institutions, and the application of renewed information systems along with new managerial methodologies to restructure the organisational strategic relationships with stakeholders. This paper proposes a questionnaire to assess the importance of facilities in universities according to their financial budget consumed value. Semi Structured Interviews were conducted with the heads of logistic and financial departments in Egyptian universities, twenty public universities and twenty-three private universities, in order to identify criteria for the most significant university's facilities and appealing infrastructure that contributes to the quality of education.
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Gander, Michelle, and Margot McInnes. "Can a professional learning community deliver career development learning?" Journal of Workplace Learning 33, no. 7 (May 18, 2021): 523–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwl-01-2021-0009.
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Purpose The professional development needs of university professional staff are an under-researched area. More data were needed to understand their needs to ensure that employers invest their resources appropriately. A conceptual framework is developed for the workplace learning of career development activities using concepts of professional learning communities, adult learning and non-formal learning. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the success of a professional development network in meeting the needs of university professional staff after a re-structure. Design/methodology/approach A case study of the development of a staff career network at an Australian university after a restructure is presented. An online survey was sent to 75 staff who had attended at least one professional development event. Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Findings This study has shown that a university professional staff career network has been a positive influence for its participants after an organisational restructure. The value of this network was to increase confidence and provide opportunities for self-improvement, career planning and networking. Originality/value A conceptual model integrating the concepts of professional learning communities, adult learning and non-formal learning has resulted in a model of social non-formalised workplace learning that may be of use in other contexts to improve staff motivation, outside of more formal learning opportunities.
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Francis, Helen, and Tom Baum. "HR transformation within the hotel industry: building capacity for change." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 10, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-10-2017-0064.
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Purpose This study aims to identify recent trends in the strategic repositioning of the human resources (HR) function within the hotel industry, and to explore challenges facing HR professionals as they engage in strategies to develop talent and organisational capability, while adjusting to the shifting boundaries of the HR function. Design/methodology/approach The study provides a case study investigation based on a qualitative research design. It draws on a series of informal discussions with key informants, in-depth round table discussions with members of the HR function and a rich source of secondary (company specific) data about a recent strategic change initiative. Findings The study presents a rich picture of the contradictory nature of the strategic repositioning of the HR function, and the role of electronic HR systems in shaping this. It points to the significance of “higher-order” HR capabilities associated with the functions’ capacity to engage in strategies to develop talent and organisational capability. Practical implications This study points to contradictions and tensions in shifting the focus of the HR function from “operational” to “strategic” management of talent. It offers four practice implications in the areas of continuous professional development, and building HR and line manager skills in dialogue, project management and the use of new technology, talent data and analytics. Originality/value This study illustrates the deployment of talent management practices within a broader organisational development remit to restructure the business and HR function in pursuit of more efficient and effective people management.
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Hughes, Stephen, and Linda De George-Walker. "Connecting to Community: What Do We Want in Our Special Education Graduates?" Australasian Journal of Special Education 34, no. 2 (November 1, 2010): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajse.34.2.109.
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AbstractWith a commitment to establishing collaborative relationships with a local special education community, a consultation process was undertaken to ascertain what practising educators considered essential special education graduate characteristics. This consultation occurred against the backdrop of broad-scale university organisational restructure, faculty level program redesign, and the reported lack of an empirical basis for special education teacher attributes as distinct from general teacher education attributes. Special education professionals in a regional Australian city were invited to participate in two workshops to generate and analyse the qualities they considered essential for graduates of special education teacher preparation programs. The attributes identified by participants as essential were in agreement with many of those identified in the literature, yet behaviour support and resilience, which are typically subsumed within other categories in the literature, featured as stand-alone areas in this study. The processes and outcomes described in this article are discussed in relation to the potential value of special education teacher attributes for the field, and establishing a bridge across the perceived gap between the field and universities.
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Smith, Debra, and Catherine Wilkin. "A Round Peg in a Square Hole: Changes in a Rural Health Service." Australian Journal of Primary Health 2, no. 2 (1996): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py96030.
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The cultural partnerships which have been formed as a result of the decision to restructure a rural health service are discussed here. Previously, some aged care services and allied health staff in hospitals were responsible to the medical superintendent, and community health services answered to hospital chief executive officers in each location. The organisational principles, key elements of the structure, and changes in management are analysed using change management and primary care literature. The changes have been implemented within the context of several health cultures, which are often not only different by definition, but are also in direct competition with each other. Twelve months after restructuring the service, staff have responded positively to the changes so that now a partnership exists between management and staff. It is clear, however, that primary socialisation had made it difficult for the system to cope with these changes. Funding of primary health care remains an issue, and although there is an increasing reliance by medical services on the primary health care service system, there has not been a corresponding shift in resources. Changes have been significant at the local level, although much remains to be resolved before the health service becomes a health promoting service rather than a medically dominated sickness service.
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Chakravarti, Ranjan, and Nilanjana Bhaduri. "Redesigning Matrixed Organisations: HR Responsibilities." NHRD Network Journal 13, no. 2 (April 2020): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2631454120924734.
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Organisations have used matrix structures to stay agile and flexible to do more with less. However, these structures with a dual chain of command have been fraught with power struggles, defeating the purpose of a matrix. Unfortunately, in most cases, the business continues to struggle with these issues. In India, managing the generational difference in family-owned businesses is akin to the matrix organisation and hence has similar complexities. Human resources (HR) as the custodian of organisation culture has the power to restructure. To do this, HR first needs to reinvent itself and make itself a trusted partner to the business. This article highlights some of these practices that HR needs to unlearn and learn that would help HR address the organisation structure to peak performance.
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Wiesner, R., L. P. Vermeulen, and C. R. Littler. "Survivor syndrome: Effects on middle managers in South Africa." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 2, no. 3 (September 30, 1999): 390–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v2i3.2587.
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The impact of organisational downsizing on employees who remain has been the subject of intense research, particularly in the USA. The issue of so-called survivor syndrome is critically important in relation to productivity growth and the success of restructuring. However, current conceptualisation has been based largely on American research. There has been little data on downsizing in the South African context. The purpose of this article is to discuss the extent of survivor syndrome in organisations that have restructured and downsized in South Africa. We ask the questions: does downsizing inevitably result in high levels of survivor syndrome; which factors intensify and modify survivor syndrome; and is there a restructuring cycle? The database constitutes 421 South African organisations.
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St Clair, Rebecca, Michael Hardman, Richard P. Armitage, and Graeme Sherriff. "Urban Agriculture in shared spaces: The difficulties with collaboration in an age of austerity." Urban Studies 57, no. 2 (April 4, 2019): 350–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098019832486.
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The expanding critical literature on Urban Agriculture (UA) makes links between the withdrawal of state services and the institutionalisation of volunteering, while observing that challenging funding landscapes can foster competitive environments between third-sector organisations. Where these organisations are forced to compete for survival at the expense of collaboration, their ability to collectively upscale and expand beneficial activities can be compromised. This paper focuses on a lottery-funded UA project and draws predominantly on observations and interviews held with project staff and growing group volunteers. Research conducted in Wythenshawe, Manchester (UK), highlights difficulties experienced by organisations attempting to function in an environment disfigured by depletion, illustrating conflicts that can arise between community groups and charitable organisations competing for space and resources. Inter-organisational dynamics are considered at two scales: at the grassroots level between growing groups, and at a structural level between project partners. In a landscape scarred by local authority cutbacks and restructures, a dearth of funding opportunities and increasingly precarious employment, external initiatives can be met with suspicion or hostility, particularly when viewed as superfluous interventions. The resulting ‘siege mentality’ reflects the need for organisational self-preservation but perhaps paradoxically results in groups with similar goals and complementary ideologies working against each other rather than in cooperation.
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DAVUTOĞLU, Naci Atalay. "CONSTRUCTING THE CONCEPT OF THE PHYSICAL INTERNET AS OPPOSED TO THE CONCEPT OF LOGISTICS WITH A VIEW TO ESTABLISHING THE PARADIGM OF SOCIETY-BUSINESS-TECHNOLOGY AS PART OF INDUSTRY 4.0." Volume 5, Issue 3 5, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.26809/joa.5.022.
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Concepts such as present-day mentality, human activities, technology, social and economic environments and organisational climate have had to undergo constant change following Industrial Revolutions. These changes in the management world have created a new value in production and service sectors. Supported by technology and device s that autonomously communicate with each other, these chains have ensured more modernized production processes. As the most recent trend, Industry 4.0 provides appropriate systems, physical attributes and diverse technologies that can cater for the future needs of economies by means of its initiation into business life with the motto of technological change and restructuring. The present study aim stories awareness of the concept of the Physical Internet, which is believed to provide new solutions to the field of logistics, and is an open global logistic system that has re defined existing supply chain structures, as well as current business and value creating models. This concept provides privileges in terms of transporting abstract and concrete products of enter prises via internet all over the world, as well as storing and supplying them. Consequently, the aim of the present study includes theoretically analysing the concept of the Physical Internet, which is one of the technological solutions provided by Industry 4.0, by means of literature review, which is defined as second-hand data, along with developing a different view point on enterprises’ vision and knowledge, and ensuring that enterprises do not miss the opportunity to restructure themselves. For an enterprise to be powerful, it is required to seize on opportunities and employ them in internal dynamics. Hence, if enterprises aspire to create value chains in the in activities, they should primarily seize on opportunities with the help of Industry 4.0, which is considered to be the future industrial revolution, adapt them to their own structures, and, in turn, be new generation enterprises by raising awareness. Concisely, the aim of the study is to bring a new perspective on logistic activities with the concept of the Physical Internet, ensure there vision of the current situation, and offer a solution to society-business-technology paradigm.
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Shahi, R. V. "Boardroom in the Twenty-First Century: Issues and Challenges." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 2, no. 2 (July 1998): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09722629x98002002001.
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The new economic policy initiated by the government in 1991 which led to liberalisation, end of license system, private sector involvement in economic development and disinvestment of public sector has given rise to increased expectations for greater accountability and effective functioning of organisations. The degree of expectation varies, depending on the nature of organisation, whether public or private sector, but nevertheless the requirement is common to all. It is in this context that corporate governance and the role of Board of Directors in the governance of organisations is receiving increased attention. The National Task Force set up by the Confedration of Indian Industry (CII) evolved in 1998, the “Desirable Corporate Governnance Code” which lays down the basic guidelines on issues concerning board of directors, desirable disclosures, capital market issues, creditors rights and financial institutions and nominee directors. In the case of public sector undertakings a novel scheme called “Navaratna” was introduced whereby the boards of nine central public sector companies were restructured with lesser number of officials from government and more professionals from outside. Reduced ownership of the government through disinvestment by more than 50 per cent seems to be the only answer to provide the PSUs with the requisite autonomy.
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Walker, Richard M., and Robert S. G. Smith. "Regulatory and Organisational Responses to Restructured Housing Association Finance in England and Wales." Urban Studies 36, no. 4 (April 1999): 737–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0042098993439.
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Beaverstock, J. V. "Subcontracting the Accountant! Professional Labour Markets, Migration, and Organisational Networks in the Global Accountancy Industry." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 28, no. 2 (February 1996): 303–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a280303.
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In this paper, the notion of the labour market is discussed within the context of international migration of skilled labour in the accountancy industry. The principal arguments reported are that the labour-market practices of large accountancy firms have restructured the demand for professional labour on a global scale. Accounting staff are subcontracted to their firm's international office networks or multinational clients through secondment, transfer, or exchange procedures. Equally, those firms who are members of global accountancy networks subcontract their staff to the international independent member firms.
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Bowyer, Dorothea, and Ross L. Chapman. "Does privatisation drive innovation? Business model innovation through stakeholder viewpoints: the case of Sydney Airport 10 years post-privatisation." Journal of Management & Organization 20, no. 3 (May 2014): 365–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2014.16.
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AbstractBroad economic and social reform, rapid technological change and increasing global competition have meant that organisations must consider all aspects of their business model in order to successfully create and capture ongoing customer value. In this study it is proposed that business model innovation must always consider and incorporate the symbiotic and interdependent relationship that stakeholders have with an organisation. One particular aspect of economic reform, privatisation, has become an important driver of economic growth in many economies, particularly when linked with the rapid growth of air travel. Privatisation of an airport can generate a radical change in the overall business model for the airport owner and the various stakeholders involved in the operation of the airport. Sydney Airport has restructured its overarching business model to meet the demands of stakeholders. Using feedback from key stakeholders, this research examines the generally accepted view that airport privatisation leads to an improvement in airport performance. Chesbrough's Business Model Framework provides a lens to assist the analysis of Sydney Airport operations before and after privatisation, and provides valuable insights into the impact of privatisation on business model innovation.
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Abaza, Bogdan, and Tom Savu. "Data Organisation for Describing Product's Structure in a Simulation Framework." Applied Mechanics and Materials 760 (May 2015): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.760.105.
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The paper presents an application for creating the product's structure in a simulation framework using an algorithm for randomly generating the orders received by a simulated manufacturing system.The application was implemented in a graphical programming environment which will serve also for developing the manufacturing system simulator. The paper is describing the procedures for generating the records from the proposed data structure and for labelling each main product's component.The data is then transformed and restructured for complying with the data definition to be used in the simulation framework: all the transitions representing processing activities are defined and labelled and their input and about places are defined, labelled and structured in an array according with the data definition.
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Varoutsa, Evangelia, and Robert W. Scapens. "Trust and control in evolving inter-organisational relationships." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 31, no. 1 (January 15, 2018): 112–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-02-2013-1218.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to debates about the relationship between trust and control in the governance of inter-organisational relationships. In particular, the authors focus on the question of how the relationship between trust and control shifts over time. Design/methodology/approach An in-depth case study was conducted in a company operating in the aerospace industry. The authors aim to understand this company’s practices and, at the same time, to use the case study to deepen the knowledge of the complex trust/control nexus. The authors follow the changes in the relationship between trust and control as the company restructured its supply chain, and discuss issues which it had to address in the later phases of the supply chain restructuring. Findings The paper illustrates the duality of the trust/control nexus. The authors show how the studied company coped with the complex relationships with its suppliers as collaboration increased. The authors identify particular control mechanisms that the company developed to manage such complexity, such as a supplier strategy and a relationship profile tool. Research limitations/implications The paper studies supply chain restructuring and the changing relationship of trust and control over time only from the perspective of the assembler/manufacturer which “owns”/manages the supply chain. Originality/value The authors observe a move from inter-personal trust to inter-organisational trust. Furthermore, the authors illustrate how managers can intervene to maintain and stabilise trust and ensure that trust and control do not degrade or escalate beyond desirable levels.
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Rae, Brendon, Wendy Busby, and Peter H. Millard. "Fast-tracking acute hospital care — from bed crisis to bed crisis." Australian Health Review 31, no. 1 (2007): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah070050.
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We describe here the results of a continuous quality improvement (CQI) project, the Delayed Discharge Project, in a general medicine service in a New Zealand teaching hospital. Average length of stay (ALOS) dropped by 2.6 days (6.5 to 3.9), readmission rates did not rise, costs of service delivery dropped by $2.4 million, patient numbers increased by 145 (2445 to 2590), while bed numbers reduced from 56 to 32 and ward outliers all but disappeared, suggesting success. However, 2 years after the successful cost-saving measures were introduced the new system crashed as a result of additional bed closures and organisational restructures.
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Isidoros, Konstantina. "Replenishing Milk Sons." Anthropology of the Middle East 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 8–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ame.2016.120202.
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Abstract Since the decolonisation period, the Sahrāwī in the western Sahara Desert, North Africa have experienced very specific sociopolitical transformations relating to their millennia-old specialisation in nomadic pastoralism. This article examines the effects of such transformations on particular forms of making kin out of others – milk kinship. Various political circumstances have obliged the Sahrāwī to restructure their customary principles of organisation, possibly diminishing these practices. I question the effects of the loss of milk kin – particularly of milk sons – and the strains on customary matrilocal relations in the survival pressure on kinship relying solely upon ‘blood’ sons to replace these ‘missing men’.
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Sariipek, Doğa Başar, Gökçe Cerev, and Bora Yenihan. "Social innovation as a policy response to restructure the welfare state." Multidiszciplináris tudományok 11, no. 5 (2021): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35925/j.multi.2021.5.29.
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The focus of this paper is the interaction between social innovation and restructuring welfare state. Modern welfare states have been reconfiguring their welfare mixes through social innovation. This includes a productive integration of formal and informal actors with support and leading role of the state. This collaboration becomes significantly important since it means the integration of not only the actors, but also their capabilities and resources in today’s world where new social risks and new social challenges have emerged and no actor can overcome these by its own. Therefore, social innovation is a useful tool in the new role sharing within the welfare mix in order to reach higher levels of satisfaction and success in welfare provision. The main point here is that this is not a zero-sum competition; gaining more power of the actors other than the state – the market, civil society organisations and the family – does not necessarily mean that the state lost its leading role and power. This is rather a new type of cooperation among actors and their capabilities as well as their resources in welfare provision. In this sense, social innovation may contribute well to the debates over the financial crisis of the welfare state since it may lead to the more wisely use of existing resources of welfare actors. Thanks to social innovative programs, not only the NGOs, but also market forces as well as citizens are more active to access welfare provisions and social protection in the broadest sense. Thus, social innovative strategies are definitely a solid step taken towards “enabling” or “active” welfare state.
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Phillips, Heather Nadia, and Rajendra Chetty. "Enhancing teacher training skills by strengthening the teaching practice component." Education + Training 60, no. 3 (March 12, 2018): 251–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-02-2017-0024.
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Purpose The ongoing theory vs practice debate reinforces the problems facing teacher training institutions which need to challenge traditional programmes and work towards a tighter coherence between coursework and practical experience. Working more closely with schools to restructure teaching practice is necessary in order to create better tuition experience for students. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This project is situated within an interpretivist paradigm and is qualitative in nature. A sample of four South African education faculties was included. Semi-structured and focus group interviews were used to collect data from fourth-year BEd students, lecturers and in-service practitioners. Findings The findings indicated that the participants believed that the lack of actual classroom experience, and ineffective organisation of teaching practice, resulted in students feeling ill-equipped. Suggestions are made to improve the organisation of teaching experience and mentorship programmes. Originality/value This is an original research paper and it has value for teacher education.
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Mcivor, Ronan. "Outsourcing and the Spin-off Arrangement: Lessons from a Utility Company." Journal of General Management 33, no. 1 (September 2007): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030630700703300104.
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Spinning off non-core functions into separate businesses has become increasingly prevalent as organisations restructure and specialise in core areas. A spin-off arrangement is often used as an alternative to outsourcing functions to an independent service provider. Although spin-offs have been increasing in prominence, there are few studies in the literature that provide detailed insights into development and implementation. This paper focuses on a privatised utility company that spun off a number of functions into a separate commercial business. As well as developing a new client base, the spin-off continued to provide services to the utility company. Although this arrangement was regarded as extremely successful, the development and implementation of the spin-off arrangement faced a number of difficulties. This paper considers the arrangement right from idea generation through to full development and eventual disposal. The development of the spin-off was considered along with the implications for the subsidiaries in the utility company. The paper provides a number of important lessons for organisations pursuing this type of outsourcing configuration.
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M. Brown, Rhonda. "Community Health Within the Context of Health Reform." Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, no. 1 (2000): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00009.
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Recent health reforms in Victoria based on a market model characterised by competition and market control of health services, have radically changed the funding and management of community health organisations and the way health services are provided. Community health has sustained ongoing funding cuts, restructures, amalgamations, and corporatisation over the past decade. Within the context of reform community health has been forced to become competitive through improvement in the efficiency and effectiveness of services. At the same time organisations must collaborate to ensure a co-ordinated approach to health care and continue to provide services which are responsive to community needs. With diminishing government funding community health organisations must seek alternative funding sources through the tendering process. A 1998 study of one of the largest metropolitan community health organisations in Victoria gives some insights into the impact of these reforms. The findings of this study show that health reforms based on market principles are not compatible with the delivery of health care, and in particular with primary health care, the underlying philosophy of community health. Organisations are becoming more bureaucratic and hierarchical with decision making being driven by management rather than by consultation with community and staff. Resources are being diverted from health promotion and community development activities to direct services, that are individual and problem focused rather than community and prevention focused.
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Edenheim, Sara, and Malin Rönnblom. "Akademisk feminism. Institutionalisering, organisation och kritik." Tidskrift för genusvetenskap 35, no. 1 (June 13, 2022): 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.55870/tgv.v35i1.3322.
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This article is an examination of what consequences our passion for critical research has had on our relation to Gender Studies as a discipline. The examination begins with the exclusion from, and escape from, another discipline, to the space and possibilities offered by Gender Studies. This move is, however, also an escape into a new discipline and a new order of normativities. We move on to identifying these normativities: 1) Gender Studies as constituted through a compromise with research ideals, where, for example, the concept gender (genus) is depicted as more inclusive than other concepts, and Gender Studies as less critical and political than Feminist Studies, 2) the dogmatism of sisterhood, as an identity based limitation for research, and 3) the constant mix-up with, and adaptation to, both governmental gender equality politics and activist organisations outside the university. In order to exist, Gender Studies has, in some way or another, compromised with all three of these normativities. We do not assume that this development is automatically bad or good – the normativities do not always reinforce each other, incongruences and gaps sometimes appear when they meet, and a compromise also implies that there still remains something of that which is ‘other’, of that which was ‘too much’ and had to be compromised. However, for the moment they seem to interact with a neo-liberal governmentality that restructures politics, activist demands, and identifications as well as research focus and university organisation. Hence, we see a need for a re-organisation of academic feminism, using Gender Studies as a platform, but constituted by neither the traditional object of study (“women/gender”) nor the idea of infinite inclusion and flexibility (“intersectionality”). Instead we propose that passion for critical research (including responsibility of that research), organised around the untimely idea of a non-competitive collegium, constitutes the guiding rules for a non-nostalgic and non-identical academic feminism.
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Boulin, Jean-Yves, and Ulrich Mückenberger. "Is the societal dialogue at the local level the future of social dialogue?" Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 11, no. 3 (August 2005): 439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890501100317.
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The modern ‘network society’ restructures the system of ‘voice’ as it has come down from the past. Decision-making is drifting away from particular plants, organisations and institutions, and is becoming fluid — whereas voice remains fixed to plants, organisations and institutions. The tentative thesis put forward in this article is that only both regional/local and global ‘voice networking’ may be capable of coping with the decision-making character of the network society. This leads to efforts to integrate, into the bargaining processes, also representatives of civil society — NGOs on a European and supranational level, various ‘stakeholders' on a local and regional level. This gives two new roles to social dialogue: it has to take place not only on a sectoral, but also on a territorial level (‘la négociation sociale territorialisée’); and it has to ‘open up’ towards the territorial stakeholders (‘le dialogue sociétal’). Local time policies are taken as an example for such a new function of territorial social dialogue.
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Mutamimah, Mutamimah, Suryani Alifah, Gunawan Gunawan, and Made Dwi Adnjani. "ICT-based collaborative framework for improving the performance of zakat management organisations in Indonesia." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 12, no. 6 (August 4, 2021): 887–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-05-2020-0154.
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Purpose This paper aims to propose a framework for information and communication technology (ICT)-based collaborative zakat management to improve zakat management in Indonesia, especially in collection, distribution and empowerment. Design/methodology/approach This paper used a constructive method that used the 3 C (communication, coordination and cooperation) model to develop a framework. This included initial assessment of the current usage of ICT in zakat management and the expectation of collaborative zakat management through in-depth interviews and questionnaires. A focus group discussion was conducted to validate the model. Findings ICT is currently used for the administration of zakat management, providing zakat online services and reporting zakat to the public; ICT is not used for collaboration. The proposed collaboration using the 3 C model consists of communication, coordination and cooperation. The focus group discussion validates the proposed ICT-based collaboration framework as an effective strategy for increasing zakat management. Practical implications The results highlight strengthening institutional capacity and decreasing overlaps in zakat collection, distribution and empowerment. Zakat institutions need to restructure and reconstruct business processes based on ICT collaboration, and government must provide regulations and ICT infrastructure. Social implications The results increase equity and capacity in zakat distribution and empowerment, therefore it can improve poverty alleviation. Originality/value The potential and usage of ICT for collaboration among zakat management organisations have not been thoroughly explored. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for collaboration among zakat institutions using ICT to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of zakat management.
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SHEAFF, ROD. "Medicine and Management in English Primary Care: A Shifting Balance of Power?" Journal of Social Policy 38, no. 4 (October 2009): 627–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279409990183.
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AbstractThe English NHS has been repeatedly restructured since 1991. Drawing on multiple case studies in English primary health care from 1998 to 2005 and on (other) published studies, this article uses Therborn's theory of power to make a framework analysis of how these reforms redistributed power between medicine and management in NHS primary care. Legal changes ended the GP monopoly of primary medical care provision and, with greater managerial discretion in NHS spending, allowed more diverse organisational forms of primary care provision to appear, although general practice remained predominant. Changes in managerial and professional ideologies relaxed the restrictions on managerial decisions about general practice. Re-negotiations between the medical profession and the state mostly tended to increase managerial power. Evidence-based medicine has tended to weaken the impersonal sources of medical power. On balance, these events have tended to increase managerial power over medical practice. They also suggest adjustments to Therborn's conceptualisation of power.
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Dawson, Peter C. "Seeing like an Inuit family: The relationship between house form and culture in northern Canada." Études/Inuit/Studies 30, no. 2 (February 7, 2008): 113–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017568ar.
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AbstractIn his classic essaySeasonal Variations of the Eskimo, Marcel Mauss argued that a strong relationship exists between the spatial organisation of traditional Inuit house forms and the social morphology of the families they shelter. These observations anticipate later works in anthropology that examine how cultural processes are reflected in, and sustained by, the built environment. Such ideas are important when considering the effects of post-war housing programs on Inuit families in the Canadian Arctic. During the 1960s, attempts were made to restructure the routines of Inuit families through Euro-Canadian architecture and home economics classes. Recent ethnographic observations of Inuit households in operation, however, reveal that many continue to use their houses in traditional ways. By doing so, Inuit families are attempting to adapt to dwellings designed around another culture’s concept of homemaking and family life. Mauss’s ideas are therefore a poignant reminder of the need to take cultural factors into account when developing aboriginal housing policy.
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MYELNIKOV, DMITRIY. "Cuts and the cutting edge: British science funding and the making of animal biotechnology in 1980s Edinburgh." British Journal for the History of Science 50, no. 4 (November 17, 2017): 701–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087417000826.
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AbstractThe Animal Breeding Research Organisation in Edinburgh (ABRO, founded in 1945) was a direct ancestor of the Roslin Institute, celebrated for the cloning of Dolly the sheep. After a period of sustained growth as an institute of the Agricultural Research Council (ARC), ABRO was to lose most of its funding in 1981. This decision has been absorbed into the narrative of the Thatcherite attack on science, but in this article I show that the choice to restructure ABRO pre-dated major government cuts to agricultural research, and stemmed from the ARC's wish to prioritize biotechnology in its portfolio. ABRO's management embraced this wish and campaigned against the cuts based on a promise of biotechnological innovation, shifting its focus from farm animal genetics to the production of recombinant pharmaceuticals in sheep milk. By tracing interaction between government policies, research council agendas and local strategies, I show how novel research programmes such as genetic modification could act as a lifeline for struggling institutions.
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Tofade, Toyin, and Naoko Arakawa. "Steps forward for the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) Academic Pharmacy Section: President’s message." Pharmacy Education 22, no. 4 (September 18, 2022): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.46542/pe.2022.224.3441.
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Academic Pharmacy Section (AcPS) of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) has a strong strategic implementation plan already in place. The Executive Committee (ExCo) determined ways forward by reviewing some key documents and conducting an environmental scan on higher education and the future of Pharmacy. In a retreat in April 2022, using a World Café method, the ExCo received valuable input regarding the identity of the organisation, who the members are, what has been accomplished in the section and an assessment of the sections strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities. This has culminated in the evolution of the section's mission, vision, and strategic implementation plan to incorporate additional and restructured objectives and goals. This manuscript presents novel direction to this section and an opportunity to reflect on the vision of the ExCo from the 2022 retreat.
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Rhodes, Oliver, Ali Rostami, Atousa Khodadadyan, and Sian Dunne. "Response Strategies of UK Construction Contractors to COVID-19 in the Consideration of New Projects." Buildings 12, no. 7 (July 3, 2022): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070946.
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COVID-19 presented a catastrophic event, creating a unique environment and resulting in lasting repercussions globally. The construction industry has been one of the worst affected sectors relating to the public health pandemic. Challenges such as workplace closures and site cessations led to untold uncertainty, developing into contractual grievances and supply-chain disruption, amongst others. The focus of this study is to determine the response strategies of UK construction companies in the face of the COVID-19 global pandemic and the subsequent recession the UK fell into as a direct result. A literature review of previous recession responses was examined and four areas for further consideration were identified, which included contracting, risk management, cost control and finance. The study compared the previous response strategies to identify whether lessons had been learned from prior experience, or if new strategies had emerged due to the different economic and political circumstances. A qualitative methodology was adopted to provide the required depth of analysis for the research. Thirty-two participants from different size construction organisations were interviewed, which provided evidence of strategies across the four categories analysed. The results indicated that in the early stages, uncertainty around all aspects of the pandemic caused organisations to anticipate the worst financial consequences, as the scale or scope of government intervention was initially unknown. As a result, companies reacted by downsizing, halting expansion, introducing competitive pricing to ensure there were projects in the pipeline and diversification to ensure stability and survival of the company. Organisations used the pandemic as an opportunity to restructure and invested in new technology to remain competitive. Client relationships and supply-chain partnerships were deemed to be of upmost importance in resolving contracting challenges that the pandemic brought about.
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DUGURI, USMAN SAFIYANU, MOHD AFANDI SALLEH, and ISYAKU HASSAN. "THE STRUCTURE OF UNITED NATIONS AND ITS MANDATE: A REVIEW." Quantum Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 3, no. 1 (April 17, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v3i1.116.
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The creating of United Nations is to keep global security and international peace. The United Nations Charter outlined detailed guidelines for resolving international disputes and foreshadowed the potential of the UN providing collective security. The United Nations has six organs: the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, and Secretariat United. There are fifteen specialised agencies, four linked organisations as well as three convention secretariats and two United Nations trust funds affiliated with the United Nations. This paper systematically reviews and examines the structure of United Nations and its mandate within the framework of international relations. finally, the study found that the structure of United Nations has contributed a lot regarding to international security and peace, however, there is need for the notion behind veto power to be restructured due to the interest of fulfilling the Council’s purpose and goals.
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Patel, Alisha. "How the Health and Social Care Act 2012 has affected commissioning of mental health in England." British Journal of General Practice 69, suppl 1 (June 2019): bjgp19X703373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x703373.
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BackgroundNHS mental health services are under pressure due to chronic underfunding and constrained resources. The Health & Social Care Act implemented an extensive restructure of the NHS and introduced three new legal duties: duty to arrange, promote competition, and integrate services.AimTo establish how the Health and Social Care Act 2012 affected commissioning of mental health services in England and how the duties are being fulfilled.MethodFreedom of Information (FOI) requests were sent to all 211 clinical commissioning groups in England. The number, value, and length of all contracts for mental health services were requested from 2013 to 2016 by type and name of provider; as well as a range of quality and performance data.ResultsThe FOI received a 93% response rate. CCGs commissioned between 1–127 contracts each: 65.3% of all contracts were awarded to the third sector (private for profit, not for profit, and voluntary organisations), amounting to 6% of the total value of contracts commissioned. NHS foundation trusts were awarded 25% of contracts, worth 70% of the total value of contracts. 71% of contracts had no evidence of quality monitoring.ConclusionThe high volume and low value of contracts commissioned to third sector organisations fulfils the new duty to arrange but not to integrate; showing considerable fragmentation of mental health provision. The emerging external market is a result of the Health & Social Care Act promoting diversification of the provider market. Finally, the lack of quality and performance data raises concerns over the transparency and accountability of an NHS that is increasingly being provided by companies.
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Dukov, E. V. "PERFORMING ARTS IN RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PANDEMIC." Arts education and science 1, no. 4 (2021): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202104014.
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This article is devoted to the modern history of performing arts during the pandemic. It examines the activities of authorities and theaters, concert organizations and concert organizers from 2020 to mid-2021. Countries plunged into self-isolation. The cultural sphere has been restructured, cultural contacts minimized, while video communication systems have evolved into virtual platforms in homes. The artists, left without full-fledged "live" concerts and performances were distressed. Halls could be accessed by documents and in very limited numbers. The article discusses two fundamental documents prepared by Rospotrebnadzor and appeared during this period: "Recommendations for Implementation of Measures Aimed at Prevention of the Spread of the New Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) When Performing Activities of Theaters and Concert Organisations" and "On Measures to Limit the Spread of a New Coronavirus Infection (COVID-2019) on the Territory of the Russian Federation in Cases of Mass Events". Both documents were intensively discussed at various forums of performing arts managers in Russia.
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Lovering, John. "A Perfunctory Sort of Post-Fordism: Economic Restructuring and Labour Market Segmentation in Britain in the 1980s." Work, Employment and Society 4, no. 5 (May 1990): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017090004005002.
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It has been claimed that the changes of the last decade represent a transition from a `Fordist' towards a `post-Fordist' pattern of economic organisation. A review of aspects of economic change in Britain in the last decade suggests that popular versions of this theory are misleading. Despite the international importance of some sectors, the British economy as a whole continued its relative decline. The labour market is being restructured through the contraction and truncation of internal labour markets, alongside the dualistic development of external labour markets. These trends are redrafting the map of labour market `places' and altering the balance of selection criteria governing access to them. The effect is to heighten employers ability to differentiate between workers according to the different terms under which they are available. In Britain's idiosyncratic version of `post-Fordism' long-established status inequalities associated with gender, race, age and class, are mobilised as key axes of segmentation in the labour market.
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Klenk, Christoffer, Markus Lang, and Dominik Schwizer. "Professionalisation of sports clubs." Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) 8, no. 2 (February 14, 2023): 030. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/2023.2ciss030.
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Sports clubs play a crucial role as they promote (elite) sport and physical activity and fulfill important societal functions. At the same time, sports clubs are confronted with manifold challenges related to developments in society and sport. Therefore, sports clubs tend to professionalise, a process by which sports clubs transform from volunteer-driven to increasingly business-like organisations (e.g., implement paid work, use management tools, restructure their club) to address these problems. In this symposium - an initiative of the Research Network in Sportmanagement Switzerland - the phenomena of professionalisation will be addressed from multiple perspectives by discussing the triggering causes, the transformative process, and the corresponding consequences with the overall objective of getting a more comprehensive understanding of professionalisation in sports clubs. Mrkonjic addresses good governance and professionalisation of non-profit sport clubs and Stieger et al. analyse professionalisation and its consequences for the governance of sports clubs in semi-professional team sports. Mustafi et al. focus on the transfer market for non-big five soccer clubs of Swiss Super League and Schulz et al. examine expectations of voluntary sports clubs with regard to support services of sports federations.
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Lilleheie, Ingvild, Jonas Debesay, Asta Bye, and Astrid Bergland. "Experiences of elderly patients regarding participation in their hospital discharge: a qualitative metasummary." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (November 2019): e025789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025789.
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BackgroundAgeing patients are discharged from the hospital ‘quicker and sicker’ than before, and hospital discharge is a critical step in patient care. Older patients form a particularly vulnerable group due to multimorbidity and frailty. Patient participation in healthcare is influenced by government policy and an important part of quality improvement of care. There is need for greater insights into the complexity of patient participation for older patients in discharge processes based on aggregated knowledge.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to review reported evidence concerning the experiences of older patients aged 65 years and above regarding their participation in the hospital discharge process.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative metasummary. Systematic searches of Medline, Embase, Cinahl, PsycINFO and SocINDEX were conducted. Data from 18 studies were included, based on specific selection criteria. All studies explored older patients’ experience of participation during the discharge process in hospital, but varied when it came to type of discharge and diagnosis. The data were categorised into themes by using thematic analysis.ResultsOur analysis indicated that participation in the discharge process varied among elderly patients. Five themes were identified: (1) complexity of the patients state of health, (2) management and hospital routines, (3) the norm and preference of returning home, (4) challenges of mutual communication and asymmetric relationships and (5) the significance of networks.ConclusionsCollaboration between different levels in the health systems and user-friendly information between staff, patient and families are crucial. The complexity of patient participation for this patient group should be recognised to enhance user involvement during discharge from hospital. Interventions or follow-up studies of how healthcare professionals can improve their communication skills and address the tension between client-centred goals and organisational priorities are requested. Organisational structure may need to be restructured to ensure the participation of elderly patients.
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Agyemang, Otuo Serebour, and Monia Castellini. "Corporate governance in an emergent economy: a case of Ghana." Corporate Governance 15, no. 1 (February 2, 2015): 52–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-04-2013-0051.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine corporate governance practices in an emerging economy. It focusses on how ownership control and board control systems operate in corporate organisations in an emergent economy, assuming that these systems are essential for enhancing good corporate governance practices in emerging countries. Design/methodology/approach – The paper builds on descriptive multiple-case study with multiple units of analysis to divulge how ownership control and board control systems function to ensuring effective corporate governance in publicly listed corporate organisations in Ghana. A criterion-based sampling technique is used to select the companies. Thereafter, three techniques of data collection are used to gather data from the companies: archival records, semi-structured interviews and observation. Findings – By linking the gathered data to the paper’s theoretical propositions, the study highlights that all the companies are characterised by the presence of large shareholders, and, in consequence, they tend to exert extensive control over the activities of the companies through their involvement in the decision-making processes. However, whilst the presence of large shareholders has the tendency to solve the agency problem, it poses challenges in regards to minority shareholders’ interests in these corporate organisations. The study also reveals that boards of directors tend to exercise control over corporate organisations when majority shareholders stop interfering in their dealings. This implies that when major shareholders fully partake in corporate decision-making processes of companies, boards of directors seem to be sheer advisory bodies to management. Research limitations/implications – This is a paper to shed light on corporate governance practices in four large publicly listed corporate organisations on the Ghana Stock Exchange, so the observable facts do not apply to other emergent economies. In addition, the sample does not represent all corporate organisations in Ghana; thus, the empirical observations cannot be generalised to other organisations that have not been included in this study. However, the empirical results can be applied to other similar corporations in Ghana and other emergent economies in an analytical sense. With the application of inductive reasoning, the results can be applied to provide important appreciation in an effort to understand the structure of corporate governance practices in organisations in developing countries. Practical implications – A comparative analysis of the empirical observations from this study and the recommended guidelines of corporate governance of Ghana has been carried out, and aspects in which organisations need to reform and improve to fully comply with the guidelines are highlighted: director independence, director evaluation, introduction of new directors and board education. This could possibly be the foundation upon which corporate governance structures in these organisations can be restructured and further enhanced. Originality/value – The majority of the studies of corporate governance in emergent economies have used quantitative techniques to examine the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and firm performance. However, this study takes a different approach to examine corporate governance practice in an emergent economy by using a comprehensive and defensible qualitative analysis to examine relations between ownership structure and shareholder control, and board of directors and board control. In addition, it highlights how ownership and board control systems interact in corporate organisations in emergent economies.
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Rovai, Serena. "Education and human resources management in high‐tech organisations in China." Journal of Knowledge-based Innovation in China 2, no. 2 (July 6, 2010): 186–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17561411011054814.
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PurposeAt present, in the increasingly global markets, one of the main challenges to international business is how to effectively manage human resources across cultural boundaries. In particular, high‐tech MNCs demand a specific pool of talented individuals with specific technical expertise and personal skills to be adapted to operate in an international arena. That is especially true in the case of China, which has attracted a significant variety of foreign investments from diverse countries and whose people management policies and managerial staff technical and personal skills are reported in some cases to be at a primary stage. The purpose of this paper is to explore the educational context development in China and its related influence on the recruitment and selection process in Western high‐tech MNCs in the People's Republic of China (PRC).Design/methodology/approachThis is a research paper based on multiple case studies and direct face‐to‐face interviews.FindingsChina needs highly trained and highly educated individuals who can work in a dynamic domestic and global marketplace. Under the centrally planned system, the curricula in different universities are not associated to diversification in response to China changing economic needs and scenario. In most of the Chinese universities, many of the disciplines are very narrowly defined because these institutions are responsible for the job assignment of graduates. Despite the unprecedented growth of Chinese higher education thanks to the recent government reforms, the educational system in China still needs to be further restructured in its curricula to provide a sufficient number of qualified managers but however it will take time.Originality/valueNowadays, China needs highly trained and highly educated talents who can work in a domestic highly globalised marketplace. The underlying study will provide insight into those education related factors and their impact on the labour market in China with a specific focus on the search for appropriate technomanagement talents. The paper also provides insights into those educational factors, which produce satisfactory and less‐satisfactory results in recruitment of local talents in foreign technology companies. It also suggests the need for further research in the talent management area and education in PRC in relation to the current lack of data. Recommendations for the possible integration of appropriate educational projects aiming at developing highly talented individuals into those foreign corporations are provided.
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Beitzke, Dietrich, Rodrigo Salgado, Marco Francone, Karl-Friedrich Kreitner, Luigi Natale, Jens Bremerich, Matthias Gutberlet, et al. "Cardiac imaging procedures and the COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations of the European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology (ESCR)." International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging 36, no. 10 (May 26, 2020): 1801–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10554-020-01892-8.
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Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic currently constitutes a significant burden on worldwide health care systems, with important implications on many levels, including radiology departments. Given the established fundamental role of cardiovascular imaging in modern healthcare, and the specific value of cardiopulmonary radiology in COVID-19 patients, departmental organisation and imaging programs need to be restructured during the pandemic in order to provide access to modern cardiovascular services to both infected and non-infected patients while ensuring safety for healthcare professionals. The uninterrupted availability of cardiovascular radiology services remains, particularly during the current pandemic outbreak, crucial for the initial evaluation and further follow-up of patients with suspected or known cardiovascular diseases in order to avoid unnecessary complications. Suspected or established COVID-19 patients may also have concomitant cardiovascular symptoms and require further imaging investigations. This statement by the European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology (ESCR) provides information on measures for safety of healthcare professionals and recommendations for cardiovascular imaging during the pandemic in both non-infected and COVID-19 patients.
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Godonou, Célestin K. "Pratiques de GRH et engagement organisationnel dans les services publics restructurés: vers la « marchandisation » du comportement des agents des services publics." Psychologie du Travail et des Organisations 21, no. 2 (2015): 171–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1420-2530(16)30015-2.
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Busse, Clara, and Ella August. "Addressing power imbalances in global health: Pre-Publication Support Services (PREPSS) for authors in low-income and middle-income countries." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 2 (February 2020): e002323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002323.
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The contextual knowledge and local expertise that researchers from low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) contribute to studies in these settings enrich the research process and subsequent publications. However, health researchers from LMICs are under-represented in the scientific literature. Distally, power imbalances between LMICs and high-income countries, which provide funding and set priorities for research in LMICs, create structural inequities that inhibit these authors from publishing. More proximally, researchers from LMICs often lack formal training in research project management and in publishing peer-reviewed research. Though academic journals may value research from LMICs conducted by local researchers, they have limited time and financial resources to support writing, causing them to reject manuscripts with promising results if they lack development. Pre-Publication Support Service (PREPSS) is a non-profit, non-governmental organisation that works to meet this need. PREPSS provides onsite training, peer-review and copy editing services to researchers in LMICs who wish to publish their health research in peer-reviewed journals. Authors are not charged for these services. After receiving PREPSS services, authors submit their manuscript to a peer-reviewed journal. The PREPSS model is one of many interventions necessary to restructure global health research to better support health researchers in LMICs and reduce current power imbalances.
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Tilburt, Jon, and Baruch Brody. "Doubly distributing special obligations: what professional practice can learn from parenting." Journal of Medical Ethics 44, no. 3 (April 28, 2016): 212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2015-103071.
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A traditional ethic of medicine asserts that physicians have special obligations to individual patients with whom they have a clinical relationship. Contemporary trends in US healthcare financing like bundled payments seem to threaten traditional conceptions of special obligations of individual physicians to individual patients because their population-based focus sets a tone that seems to emphasise responsibilities for groups of patients by groups of physicians in an organisation. Prior to undertaking a cogent debate about the fate and normative weight of special obligations and a traditional ethic for contemporary healthcare, we need a deeper examination of what the traditional ethic of special obligations really means. Here we offer a conception of ‘doubly distributed’ special obligations. Physicians and similarly minded healing professionals abiding by a traditional ethic have always spread their devotion and attention across multiple patients and have shared responsibilities with physician and non-physician colleagues in much the same way devoted parents have frequently distributed their special obligations across multiple children and across multiple parents. By taking up the extended analogy of parent we argue that doubly distributing special obligations need not contradict the possibility of special obligations in restructured collective forms of healthcare delivery and financing.
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Junsheng, Ha, Muhammad Mehedi Masud, Rulia Akhtar, and Md Sohel Rana. "The Mediating Role of Employees’ Green Motivation between Exploratory Factors and Green Behaviour in the Malaysian Food Industry." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 9, 2020): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020509.
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Global business entities face the challenge of incremental pressures to restructure their strategic alignments and capabilities to be in accordance with the sustainable development initiatives of the United Nations. This study endeavours to investigate the mediating role of employees’ green motivations in the relationships of environmental ethics, the institutional environment, and managerial support with the green behaviour of companies in the Malaysian food manufacturing industry. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey completed by 230 respondents to achieve the study objectives. The respondents consisted of CEOs, company managers, marketing managers, human resources department managers, concerned authorities from environmental protection departments, and producers in the Malaysian food manufacturing industry. The study found that environmental ethics, the institutional environment and managerial support play significant roles in motivating employees’ green activities within organisations, while employees’ green motivation substantially contributes to the green behaviour of the company. This study also revealed that employees’ green motivation plays an important mediating role in the relationships of environmental ethics, the institutional environment, and managerial support with the green behaviour of the company. The implications of this study will be important for allowing governments to take instantaneous action for their climate change pledges to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) following the Paris Accord of 2015 and the Marrakech Proclamation of 2016.
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Choi, Tae-Hee, and Ming Ming Chiu. "Toward equitable education in the context of a pandemic: supporting linguistic minority students during remote learning." International Journal of Comparative Education and Development 23, no. 1 (February 23, 2021): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijced-10-2020-0065.
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PurposeWithout universal access to a Covid-19 vaccine, many countries seek to prevent coronavirus outbreaks by closing schools and having students learn remotely. This study aims to examine its challenges for linguistic minority (LM) students and some practical strategies – both generally for all students and specifically for LM students.Design/methodology/approachThis study synthesises the research literature and practices across countries on equity and remote learning. It helps (1) understand the differential difficulties during an epidemic across primary, secondary and tertiary school students, especially LM students from low socioeconomic status (SES) families who lack economic, human, cultural or social capital in family or school contexts, based on Bourdieu's theory, and (2) identify additional resources and flexible, creative solutions for improving access and learning conditions for LM students. The authors discuss examples from 13 countries and territories (including developed and developing economies) of transformations of in-class learning to online learning in part or whole.FindingsThe limited economic, cultural and social capital of LM students, especially from low SES families, and their schools, along with communication barriers hinder their remote learning. Crisis-induced school budget shortfalls require creative ways to transition teachers, students and parents to remote learning and to provide customised support for LM students. Schools can (1) partner with non-governmental organisations, religious organisations, businesses and government services to access/share remote learning resources for LM students; (2) help teachers, students and parents develop needed skills (via online systems, peer support groups and hotlines); (3) restructure teacher lessons and duties for remote teaching; and (4) capitalise on technology (e.g. texts, chats, whiteboards) to support LM students' remote learning – some of which can exceed their traditional face-to-face learning experiences.Originality/valueThis article is among the first to examine how the Covid-19 crisis disproportionately affects the remote learning of LM students, to specify effective, practical remedies and to inform suitable education and social policies across countries.
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Kanyamuna, Vincent. "Towards Building a Functional Whole-of-Government M&E System for Zambia: The Supply Side." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 8 (August 22, 2021): 163–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.88.10667.
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Monitoring and Evaluation Systems have been identified the world over as powerful tools for good governance, they provide relevant information about development projects, programmes and policies. For that reason, governments, bilateral and multilateral development agencies, including civil society organisations have adopted M&E systems to better their performance through accountability, feedback loops and continuous learning mechanisms. This study investigated the functional status of Zambia’s public sector M&E system. Using a designated diagnostic checklist and analytical framework, the country’s whole-of-government M&E system was found to be weak in several aspects. Specifically, the study argues that for any M&E system to function satisfactorily, it is required that both its ‘supply-side’ and ‘demand-side’ are well developed and sustained. The diagnostic findings have revealed that Zambia’s whole-of-government M&E system had both its supply-side and demand-side weak. However, the study has not focused on both sides, instead, the supply-side has been fully explored and clear suggestions for improvement are made herein. Consequently, the study has proposed a new model which when implemented would holistically strengthen the Government –wide system for M&E. It remains to the powers that be to adopt and implement the recommended model. Government will need to strengthen and sustain its M&E political championship, restructure all government functions towards a results-based management approach—statistics, information technology, skills, policies, laws, etc to support an M&E regime. Likewise, the issues covered in the proposed model could also be of use to other organisations seeking to strengthen their M&E systems. Particularly, the methodology used to undertake the needs analysis could be of utmost applicability by others before embarking on a fuller process of building and strengthening their systems for M&E. Another study was underway to support the demand-side of Zambia’s M&E system.
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Keleher, Helen, and Kerreen Reiger. "Tensions in maternal and child health policy in Victoria: looking back, looking forward." Australian Health Review 27, no. 2 (2004): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah042720017.
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Helen Keleher is Associate Professor in the School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University.Kerreen Reiger is Associate Professor in the School of Social Sciences, La Trobe University.Since the late 1980s, Maternal and Child Health Services (MCHS) in Victoria have undergone significant change. This paper provides an historically-informed analysis of the complex intersection of policy, administrative restructuring and stakeholder interests. It draws on and extends the authors' previous research into MCH Service policy directions and administration, including the impact of Compulsory Competitive Tendering (CCT) on MCH nurses in the 1990s. Historically there has been little explicit debate about either organisational arrangements, or the policy objectives of the MCHS. The dominant focus on health surveillance of infants never adequately reflected nurses' wider role in the community and was not consistent with a wider social model of health. Tensions between professional, consumer and administrative stakeholders became heightened by the implementation of the 1990s neoliberal political agenda. During this period, when restructuring linked funding to service delivery through tendering arrangements, apolitical and policy settlement further institutionalised surveillance as the basis of the MCHS. The restructured Service has remained constrained by the dominance of health surveillance as the primary program goal even after more varied contracting arrangements replaced CCT. Although recent initiatives indicate signs of hange, narrow surveillancebased guidelines for Victorian MCH Services are not consistent, we argue, with recent early years of life policy which calls for approaches derived from socio-ecological models of health.
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Pirot, Roland, Michel Havard, Eric Vall, Guy Augustin Kemtsop Tchinda, and A. Fall. "Conditions d’émergence et de pérennisation des services d’appui à la traction animale en Afrique subsaharienne : cas des agroéquipements." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 57, no. 3-4 (March 1, 2004): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9893.
Full textAbstract:
A partir des années 1960, au Burkina Faso, au Nord-Cameroun et au Sénégal, des programmes d’équipement des paysans en matériels de traction animale, alimentés par l’importation, puis par les fabrications industrielles locales, ont été financés par les cultures d’arachide et de coton. Dans les années 1980 et 1990, la réduction drastique des financements de ces programmes, particulièrement au Burkina Faso et au Sénégal, a mis en difficulté les industries nationales, contraintes de restructurer et diversifier leur outil de production. La situation s’est aggravée avec la dévaluation du franc Cfa qui a entraîné une augmentation des prix des matériels. Face à ces évolutions brutales, les artisans du fer ont réagi en prenant en charge progressivement l’entretien et les réparations des matériels agricoles de traction animale. Puis ils se sont mis à produire avec des matériaux de récupération des agroéquipements à des prix compatibles avec les moyens financiers des agriculteurs. Cependant la pérennisation du secteur artisanal des agroéquipements ne pourra être assurée que par l’amélioration de la qualité des produits, de la gestion et des performances des ateliers, ainsi que par la formation de groupements d’artisans pour faciliter l’approvisionnement en matière première et l’accès aux marchés. En parallèle, les organisations paysannes doivent chercher à structurer et formaliser la demande des paysans en agroéquipements.