Academic literature on the topic 'Organisation of information and knowledge resources'
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Journal articles on the topic "Organisation of information and knowledge resources"
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O'Sullivan, David, and Lawrence Dooley. "Collaborative Innovation for the Management of Information Technology Resources." International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jhcitp.2010091102.
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All organisations are now facing one of the largest upheavals in business practice since the ‘great depression’. Information technology organisations, who frequently lead the development of change based around ICT, are being asked to develop new products and services that add significant value for customers and to radically change their internal processes so that they are more cost effective. Innovation is process of creating positive change to any organisation and that adds value to customers—internal and external. Innovation is now widely accepted at the only sustainable engine of renewed growth for organisations. Organisations that do not embrace innovation and learn to apply its principles will simply stagnate or be obliterated by competition. ICT organisations that can learn to apply innovation effectively will become key strategic assets in driving costs down and also in adding new dimensions to product and service development. This article presents an approach to applying innovation in any ICT based organisation, be it a service department within a larger organisation or a commercial business that generates ICT solutions for clients. The process of innovation in ICT based organisations is similar to innovation in any organisation and requires an in-depth understanding and practice of developing innovation goals, the management of innovative actions or projects, the empowerment of human capital or teams and the continuous monitoring of innovation performance. This article presents a methodology for applying innovation and a case study of how innovation related knowledge can be managed in any ICT organisation.
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Azaki, Joshua. "Organisational Factors Affecting Knowledge Retention in a Public Organisation." European Conference on Knowledge Management 23, no. 2 (August 25, 2022): 1304–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/eckm.23.2.758.
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Knowledge is a strategic resource for any organisation to maintain optimal operational efficiency and competitiveness. Knowledge could be in the knower's mind (tacit) or codified and stored in knowledge repositories for retrieval when needed (explicit). Knowledge retention in organisations is becoming a global concern as the shortage of professionals or knowledge workers persists. Organisations over the years have focused on investing in activities leading to knowledge creation, improving technological capabilities, and increasing performance with less attention given to knowledge retention. The Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated this concern leading to the exit of more knowledge workers from organisations voluntarily or involuntarily. The current study seeks to investigate the role of organisational factors on knowledge retention in public organisations using the water sector in a South African metropolitan city. This study seeks to deepen the knowledge management scholarship by viewing knowledge retention as a system rather than a process or strategy only, as explored by most studies. The water sector is a knowledge-driven sector that utilises heterogeneous knowledge (engineers, hydrologists, technicians, IT specialists) to achieve its mandate, making it information and knowledge-rich. This study intends to use the knowledge-based view as a sensitising lens to explore how a public organisation systemically integrates and coordinates its heterogeneous knowledge resources to ensure that knowledge is retained as well as maintain optimal operational efficiency. The basic assumptions of the knowledge base view are that knowledge is the most strategic resource in an organisation, and its coordination facilitates optimised efficiency. The study will adopt a pragmatist paradigm to uncover the role of organisational factors on knowledge retention. A purposive sample of supervisors and managers in the water sector will be interviewed. Qualitative data will be collected, and qualitative methods will be used to analyse the data.
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Maskun, Roozita, and Norzanah Matt Nor. "Digitalisation Success in Learning Organisation: Preliminary Outlook." Social and Management Research Journal 15, no. 2 (December 3, 2018): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/smrj.v15i2.5004.
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he use of digital information tools in our daily life, demands technicalcompetencies to navigate through digital information successfully. Everylearning organisation today, facing a lot of challenges to keep theirinstitutions going, increasing in growth and sustainable effectively in amodest world. Knowledge is the main resource and the important essencein any of learning organisations. Knowledge management nowadays ispractically accessible through digital tools. The need on which digitalcompetency level and resources availability, are the key factors ondigitalisation success process. This only a concept paper, hence the purposeof this paper is to reveal that in a learning organisation, the digitalisationprocess maybe success with the help of technology, resources and thecompetences of the users. The concept is developed by an extensive literaturereview of on digitalisation and analysis of different knowledge sources ina learning organisation. The key concept can be used by practitioners indeveloping a learning organisation to guide them to choose a sufficientsubset of tools that covers the digitalisation processes to ensure that noprocess is overlooked. The result of successful digitalisation is an interestingarea for further research. However, the current view on value underlies init offering practitioners in giving at least a starting point. The paper can beused by educational organisations to guide on successful in digitalisationprocess effectively and efficiently. The paper addresses some of the socialelements related to successful in learning organisations. However, it is more technically targeted. Researchers have analysed that holistic overview andthe effect of digital competence towards the successful of digitalisationprocess. Furthermore, limited research addresses the successful ofdigitalisation process because of the constrains in resources.
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Caputo, Francesco, Alexeis Garcia-Perez, Valentina Cillo, and Elisa Giacosa. "A knowledge-based view of people and technology: directions for a value co-creation-based learning organisation." Journal of Knowledge Management 23, no. 7 (September 9, 2019): 1314–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-10-2018-0645.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the potential of knowledge management (KM) as a discipline in helping understand and manage social and economic complexity. The paper highlights some of the potential relationships between KM in organisations and their economic performance. Finally, the authors assess the role of human resources and technological infrastructures in the relationship between organisation’s approach to KM and their performance. Design/methodology/approach The hypotheses are tested via a survey on a sample of managerial-level employees of information technology organisations located in the city of Brno in Czech Republic. The data collected are analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) to study the relationship between KM; the workforce’s willingness and ability to collaborate and co-create value; and the organisations’ economic performance. Findings The research found that there is a direct and positive relationship between an organisation’s approach to KM and its economic performance. This study also shows that the workforce’s behaviour and the technological infrastructure of the organisation have a direct effect on business performance. Finally, the authors proposed that a link between human resource management and technology orientation must be established and supported by a KM strategy. Originality/value This paper offers a new perspective to the approach to KM in organisations. Reflections and empirical results underline the need for organisations to invest in the implementation of KM strategies that involve both the human resources and technological infrastructure as a way to improve the impact of knowledge on the companies’ economic performances.
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Breu, Karin, and Christopher J. Hemingway. "Making Organisations Virtual: The Hidden Cost of Distributed Teams." Journal of Information Technology 19, no. 3 (September 2004): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000018.
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This paper reports an exploratory case study that used boundary theory to investigate the impact of organisational virtualisation on work units. Specifically, the research analysed the transition in a public sector organisation from permanent, co-located teams to temporary virtual teams and its impact on team boundary properties and activities. The study contributes to existing knowledge of virtual teams and virtualisation processes in several ways. The findings suggest that, contrary to existing thinking, rather than removing organisational and institutional boundaries, virtualisation increases the number and complexity of such boundaries at the work unit level. The findings also indicate that the chronic lack of knowledge sharing on virtual teams is, in addition to difficulties of establishing interpersonal trust, due to a lack of trust in the technology as an appropriate medium for sensitive knowledge sharing. The implications of the study for practice are that efficiency gains from organisational virtualisation can easily be offset by the need to invest additional resources and team members’ time into cultivating a greater number of transient relationships at a distance. Organisations also need to invest in opportunities for face-to-face interaction where sensitive knowledge sharing is a critical resource for a virtual team.
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Jamieson, Rodger, and Richard Szeto. "Impact of Knowledge Based Information Systems on Organisations." Journal of Information Technology 4, no. 3 (September 1989): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839628900400304.
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This paper investigates the impact of knowledge based information systems (KBIS) on commercial organisations. A questionnaire and interview format was used to gather information from eleven commercial organisations developing KBIS. Three prime areas were considered, namely knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation, and KBIS development methodologies. For each of these areas, the normative position as expressed in the literature is presented and then compared to the survey findings. Problems involved in the development of KBIS are mentioned as well as developers’ perceptions of the future directions for KBIS within their organisations. Additional information on each organisation is presented in an Appendix in order to provide a richer picture and background to the study. The main preliminary findings are that KBIS have made an impact on organisations in Australia who are willing to make a considerable investment of resources in this new venture. While most organisations are treating this technology as research and development, they believe that the technology will be absorbed into their mainstream information systems in the future. These systems are seen as providing a competitive edge to those organisations willing to make the investment.
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Starling, S. W. "CREATING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE FROM KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION SHARING." APPEA Journal 40, no. 1 (2000): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj99038.
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Petroleum companies are being challenged to exploit complex reservoirs, operate in remote regions and employ advanced technology to meet stock market demands for increased shareholder value.However, many companies face these challenges with a diminished pool of experienced staff due to organisation downsizing, outsourcing of activities and the retirement of older employees.To combat this erosion of experience, knowledge management programs that aim to formalise the generation and leverage of expertise and skills are becoming an important means of creating and sustaining competitive advantage.To be effective, these knowledge management programs must be driven by the business needs and bring together people, processes, and technology to focus on how knowledge creates value for the organisation.An important consideration for many organisations is bringing about a cultural change which encourages knowledge management and promotes information sharing. Successful change requires leadership, resources, and appropriate rewards.The case studies presented describe how an Australian production company is planning systems to manage the capture, organisation, and sharing of knowledge, and how a multinational exploration company is implementing technology to facilitate information sharing initiatives to access, analyse, and apply knowledge around the world.
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Holmberg, Johan. "Knowledge-intensive networks for development: the case of the Global Water Partnership." Human Systems Management 17, no. 1 (March 1, 1998): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-1998-17106.
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The Global Water Partnership (GWP) is a “reinforced network” of organisations interested in the sustainable management of freshwater resources in developing countries. It was established in 1996 in response to the worsening water shortage in large parts of the developing world and to the perceived lack of international leadership in water. It is modelled on the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) as a virtual organisation with a minimum of formal structure. It aims to establish principles of sustainable water resources management, identify gaps and stimulate its partners to meet critical needs, support action that follows principles of sustainable water resources management, help match needs to available resources, and strengthen mechanisms for sharing information and experiences. It promotes an integrated approach to water resources management that recognises that water is a limited resource subject to multiple uses and increasing demand. GWP is co-sponsored by the World Bank, UNDP and Sida and supported by several bilateral aid donors. Its secretariat is hosted by Sida in Stockholm.
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Carlucci, Daniela, and Giovanni Schiuma. "Assessing and Managing Organizational Climate in Healthcare Organizations." International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector 4, no. 4 (October 2012): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jisss.2012100103.
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During the past two decades a renewed interest about the role of intangible resources in determining performances of public services organisations has risen. This is particularly valid for HealthCare (HC) services, as they are knowledge intensive services and their performance are closely related, as the vast majority of their outputs, to intangible resources. Recently, scholars have examined the relevance of organisational climate for gathering outstanding performance in HC services. Literature suggests that organisational climate is a multifaceted concept deeply rooted in the intangible domain of an organisation. Several intangible resources intervene to shape organisational climate. Following this, the study shows how Intellectual Capital (IC) provides a useful and fresh frame for analysing intangible components of organisational climate and planning initiatives for their effective management. Especially, the examination of organisational climate through IC lens is proposed both as diagnosing tool for identifying elements which are hindering productivity, effectiveness and quality of HC services, and as tool for supporting managers in designing management initiatives aimed to enhance organisational performances by leveraging organisational climate. The study is based on the Action Research (AR) methodology and illustrates the results of an AR project, carried out at a public hospital.
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Assefa, Temtim, Monica Garfield, and Million Meshesha. "Barriers of Knowledge Sharing Among Employees: The Case of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 12, no. 02 (June 2013): 1350014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649213500147.
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Commercial banks are one of the main engines that enhance the economic growth of the country by managing financial transactions. Banks process and use information to run their business. Knowledge is one of the strategic resources that commercial banks use to increase their internal efficiency and to operate competitively. Knowledge-sharing barriers hinder the smooth flow of knowledge among employees which often results in negative consequences such as customer dissatisfaction, low employee learning and poor service quality. This research identified complex individual, organisational and technological factors that affect knowledge sharing and puts forward interventions that can improve the culture of knowledge sharing in an organisation. The research also revealed that although organisations put much emphasis on the development of a technological infrastructure as a means to develop their knowledge management, it is the organisational and individual factors that may prove to be more important in improving organisational knowledge management. This research has a theoretical contribution for the generalisability of existing knowledge sharing theory across different socioeconomic contexts, in particular in Ethiopia.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Organisation of information and knowledge resources"
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Lakkaraju, Sai Kiran. "Synchronising subjective knowledge and knowledge management systems in organisations." View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/31670.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2008."A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, School of Computing and Mathematics in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Includes bibliography.
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Solomons, Cecily. "Organisational discourses : electronic windows on the work of HIV/AIDS-care organisations." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6745.
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Thesis (MPhil (General Linguistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.Bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis is interested in textual features of websites which cover the same kind of content, but represent different organisations and address different kinds of audiences. Specifically, it investigates how information on HIV/AIDS is multimodally represented on the webpages of two non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and two governmental organisations. First, the websites of the national Department of Health and of a provincial Department of Health (Western Province) are scrutinised. Second, the websites of the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) and Avert, NGOs with a special interest in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS in southern Africa, are investigated. The aim of the research is to consider aspects of layout, the use of multimodality, and the introduction of selected themes and concerns foregrounded in the selected websites. The focus of the thesis is on the transmission of information, particularly through the electronic media, by investigating multimodal elements (language, images, sound, colours) and the layouts of websites, in order to identify possible interpretations which the intended audiences may afford the various texts. The analysis of the sites relies theoretically on the metafunctions developed by Halliday (1985) in his systemic functional linguistic framework. It also refers to an extension of Halliday’s work developed to allow multimodal discourse analysis that considers aspects of visual design and placement, developed by Kress and van Leeuwen (1996, 1998) and Kress (2003, 2005). These approaches focus on text, multimodal elements, the placements thereof on a page as well as the coherence between design of layouts and communicative modes that intend to send a convincing and meaningful message. The thesis also refers to Critical Discourse Analysis in that it considers matters of language and power in internet based communication. It seems that the governmental sites are set up with an audience in mind who needs to be informed on policy matters, while the NGO sites are set up with a more vulnerable audience in mind. One kind of web-communication is likely to alienate the exact people who should be receiving state support and treatment in the face of HIV/AIDS. Another is aimed more at supporting activism against the perceived lethargy of the state. A third supports various charities that reach out to communities where HIV-infection rates are particularly high. The interpretation of multimodal pages requires knowledge of website design for educational purposes as well as information on usage of the internet to get sufficient information. Further, access of the intended audience to electronic communication needs to be considered as this will determine whether the seriousness of the illness and possible prevention or treatment, is well communicated, especially to those who have been identified as most vulnerable to new infection. The thesis finds that electronic communication cannot be the first step to circulating information related to HIV/AIDS. Non-governmental and governmental institutions are still dependent on other forms of media than websites, thus on the printed media, radio and television, and on campaigns or community based projects to communicate with particular audiences. Electronic communication is complex in that it works with various modes (visual, verbal, audial) and requires some technical sophistication from producers and receivers of texts. Theories of communication and discourse analytic methodologies can assist in our understanding of how the internet succeeds or fails in circulating critical health care information. However, to gain a reliable understanding of how the internet functions in transmitting HIV-information to all interest groups, received knowledge of other areas of scholarly interest in health care communication, such as multilingualism, sociology, anthropology, behavioural sciences, cognitive psychology or brain research elaborations, would eventually have to be considered as well.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis stel belang in tekstuele kenmerke van webwerwe wat dieselfde tipe inhoud weergee, maar verskillende organisasies verteenwoordig en verskillende tipes gehore aanspreek. Dit ondersoek spesifiek hoe inligting oor MIV/Vigs multimodaal op die webbladsye van twee nie-regeringsorganisasies (NRO’s) en twee regeringsorganisasies aangebied word. Die webwerwe van die Nasionale Departement van Gesondheid en die Provinsiale Departement van Gesondheid (Wes-Kaap) word eerstens noukeurig ondersoek. Tweedens word die webwerwe van die Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) en Avert, NRO’s met spesiale belang in die voorkoming en behandeling van MIV/Vigs in suidelike Afrika, ondersoek. Die doel van hierdie navorsing is om oor aspekte van uitleg, die gebruik van multimodaliteit en die invoering van spesifieke temas en sake wat op die geselekteerde webwerwe beklemtoon word, na te dink. Die tesis se fokus in op die oordrag van inligting, veral deur die elektroniese media, deur multimodale elemente (taal, beelde, klank, kleur) en die uitleg van webwerwe te ondersoek, om sodoende verskillende moontlike interpretasies wat die bestemde gehoor aan die verskeie tekste mag heg, te identifiseer. Die analise van die webwerwe steun teoreties op die metafunksies wat deur Halliday (1985) ontwikkel is in sy grammatikale raamwerk, Systemic Functional Grammar. Dit verwys ook na ’n uitbreiding op Halliday se werk, wat deur Kress en Van Leeuwen (1996, 2005, 1998) en Kress (2003) ontwikkel is om multimodale diskoersanalise toe te laat wat aspekte van visuele ontwerp en plasing oorweeg. Hierdie benaderings fokus op teks, multimodale elemente, die plasing daarvan op ‘n bladsy en die koherensie tussen die ontwerp, uitleg en kommunikatiewe modusse. Dit kyk na hoe hierdie elemente saamwerk om ’n oortuigende en betekenisvolle boodskap uit te stuur. Hierdie tesis verwys ook na aspekte van Kritiese Diskoersanalise wat betrekking het op kwessies van taal en mag in internetgebaseerde kommunikasie. Dit kom voor asof die regeringswebwerwe ontwerp is met ’n gehoor in gedagte wat oor beleidskwessies ingelig moet word, terwyl die NRO-webwerwe ontwerp is met ’n meer weerlose gehoor in gedagte. Lg. gehoor word ingelig oor die siekte en behandelingsmoontlikhede eerder as beleid. Een soort web-kommunikasie sal waarskynlik dié mense wat juis regeringsondersteuning teen MIV/Vigs behoort te ontvang, vervreem. ’n Ander soort is meer daarop gerig om aktivisme teen die staat se vermeende traagheid te ondersteun. ’n Derde soort kommunikasie ondersteun verskeie liefdadigheidsorganisasies wat uitreik na gemeenskappe waar MIV-infeksiekoerse besonder hoog is. Die interpretasie van multimodale webwerwe vereis kennis van webwerf-ontwerp vir opvoedkundige doeleindes asook inligting oor die gebruik van die internet om voldoende inligting te bekom. Verder moet die bestemde gehoor se toegang tot elektroniese kommunikasie in ag geneem word, aangesien dít sal bepaal of die erns van die siekte en moontlike voorkoming of behandeling, goed weergegee word, veral aan dié wat s besonder blootgestel is en dus hoë risiko loop vir nuwe infeksie. Die tesis bevind dat elektroniese kommunikasie nie die eerste stap kan wees in die proses om inligting oor MIV/Vigs te sirkuleer nie. Nie-regerings- en regeringsorganisasies is steeds afhanklik van ander media as webwerwe, soos drukmedia, radio, televisie en veldtogte of gemeenskapsgebaseerde projekte, om met bepaalde gehore te kommunikeer. Elektroniese kommunikasie is kompleks omdat dit met verskeie modusse (visueel, verbaal, oudio) werk en tegniese sofistikasie van vervaardigers en ontvangers van tekste vereis. Teorieë van kommunikasie en diskoersanalise-metodologieë kan ons insig in hoe die internet daarin slaag (of nie) om belangrike gesondheidsorginligting te versprei. Om egter ’n betroubare begrip vir die werking van die internet as verspreider van MIV-inligting aan alle belange-groepe te verkry, moet kennis van ander areas van belangstelling in gesondheidsorg-kommunikasie, soos veeltaligheid, sosiologie, antropologie, gedragswetenskappe, kognitiewe psigologie of brein-navorsing, ook uiteindelik oorweeg word.
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Musnik, Noémie. "La gestion de l’information en contexte : Enquête sur les pratiques informationnelles des ingénieurs-chercheurs d’EDF-R&D." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CNAM0845/document.
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La question du contexte occupe une place centrale dans l’observation et l'étude de tout phénomène. Associée à la recherche d’information, la notion de contexte est de plus en plus mobilisée dans les domaines des sciences de l’information, de l’ingénierie des connaissances, des sciences cognitives et de l’informatique. En effet, le sens d'une expression linguistique, la lecture d’un document la stratégie mise en œuvre dans l’activité de recherche d’information, le raisonnement adopté dans l’opération de classement d’un document, le choix d’avoir recours à tel dispositif, varient fortement d'un contexte à l'autre. Mais que faut-il entendre exactement par contexte ? Comment le définir ? Le contexte est-il assimilable à la notion de situation ? À la notion d'usage ? Voici quelques-unes des questions qui sont traitées dans ce travail, qui cherche à appréhender l’environnement informationnel d’un groupe professionnel donné : les ingénieurs-chercheurs d’une équipe d’EDF-R&D. Pour ce faire, nous cherchons à cartographier cet environnement, à le comprendre, en interrogeant notamment la construction du sens en contexte. Notre contribution cherche ainsi à éclairer l’environnement informationnel de ce groupe d’acteurs et propose quelques axes de réflexion pour accompagner la construction d’une démarche instrumentée de gestion de l’information en entreprise. Ce travail associe différents acteurs (chercheurs et ingénieurs) et participe à un projet de recherche appliquée (ANR MIIPA-Doc). Il accompagne ainsi la conception d’une solution logicielle qui explore l’approche de la classification et de la navigation par facettes, et s’inscrit dans la mouvance des outils collaboratifs, dont le principe consiste à impliquer l’acteur dans les opérations de classification et de "marquage" des documents qu’il produit, manipule et classe dans le cadre de ses activités professionnellesAssuming that workplace significantly affects information seeking and information management patterns,this study explores accessibility and management of information sources among a group of research engineers.The study explores how these engineers, who belong to the R&D entity of a major energy group,require, search and manage information sources in given professional contexts. Furthermore, it strives toidentify the contextual factors that shape information practices. This empirical study is based on a qualitativeapproach: following exploratory inquiries, semi-structured interviews and observations were conducted witha small group of actors in their proper workplace. Our integration within the team facilitated the participantobservation stance. The study provides an analytic cartography of the various components of the organizationaland informational environments whereby the activities and tasks of the above mentioned actors takeplace. A wide range of practices has been identified via interviews but also through the activities and workrhythms observed. An appreciative framework has been developed to analyze the practices of access to informationproduced and used in professional contexts; it underlines the contextual factors that may becomedriving dimensions to support an innovative perspective on information management structures. The studyattempts to provide an innovative approach for the analysis of information practices in contexts, orientedtoward the design of a facetted and collaborative information management system
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Steenhuisen, Maria Jacoba. "The knowledge continuum as an enabler for growth and sustainability in the South African basic education system / Mariè Steenhuisen." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9207.
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The poor state and failure of the basic education system in South Africa gave rise to this research. The wave of knowledge loss experienced in the last two decades is expected to carry on and will continue to deplete the basic education system’s knowledge base, severely affecting the already poor quality of education as well as the future economic growth and sustainability in South Africa.
The main research objective was to establish whether future growth and sustainability in the basic education system in South Africa is achievable; which factors it is influenced by; and how knowledge continuity could impact on future growth and sustainability. A multidisciplinary approach focusing on organisational performance, knowledge management, individual and organisational behaviour and organisational development was followed.
The nature of growth and sustainability and knowledge continuity in organisations was explored by following a contextualisation theory-building process.
The main objective of the empirical research study was to determine by means of quantitative research the degree to which the influencing factors would enhance or impede growth and sustainability in an organisation. A quantitative survey method was followed. A questionnaire was developed and the survey was performed in 6 primary and secondary schools of the basic education system in South Africa. The questionnaire was found to be reliable with a Cronbach’s alpha of .8060.
In the descriptive factor analysis process, principal component factor analysis was conducted, which described the five constructs that would influence growth and sustainability. These constructs’ dimensions produced significant intercorrelations which indicate that the dimensions are for the most part intercorrelated with each other in contributing to growth and sustainability.
The multiple regression analysis indicated that knowledge loss would have an exceptionally strong impact on knowledge; and that knowledge, information and performance would significantly predict growth and sustainability. Organisations should change the focus for growth from physical assets to the development of intellectual capital, and knowledge continuity should form part of an organisations’ business strategy and mission. Knowledge continuity will only be successful if a culture conducive of trust and knowledge sharing and transfer exist, and are supported by effective and appropriate human resource practices and incentives.
A structural equation model development strategy produced a knowledge continuity model aimed at enabling future growth and sustainability, based on the constructs confirmed in the factor analysis. The model indicated that there is a direct causal relationship between knowledge, information and performance with growth and sustainability. The regression analysis showed that most of the intercorrelations are significant, thus confirming the theory.
The newly developed questionnaire and structural equation model should enable organisations to measure the degree to which the enhancing individual and organisational behavioural factors of growth and sustainability are in place and provide the measurement outcomes that would identify the factors that need to be focused on to improve and enable future growth and sustainability in an organisation.Thesis (MBA)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Dowse, Andrew Information Technology & Electrical Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "The diverse organisation : operational considerations for managing organisational information resources." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38677.
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Sharing and exploitation of information resources across a diverse organisation can confer a significant competitive advantage but also can be a substantial challenge in coordinating across structural and specialisation boundaries. This challenge reflects the difficulties traditionally associated with lateral relations, which were recognised by classical organisational theorists but are more pronounced with the emergence of information as a critical resource. Notwithstanding the benefits of information sharing across the organisation, the classical concept of specialisation remains fundamental to organisational theory; thus there is potential for friction between requirements for specialisation and coordination. This research therefore examines information management arrangements to balance specialisation and coordination in a diverse organisation. The research takes advantage of organisational and systems theory literature to appreciate complex information management requirements in terms of differentiation/cohesion and integration/coupling of organisational elements. Information management???s business and technology perspectives define the conceptual framework, within which gaps in the literature are identified and become the focus of the research. The two key research areas are the opportunities enabled by technology for business integration through collaborative decision-making and the management of organisation-wide information technology infrastructure. Collaborative decision-making is an integrating mechanism that can provide balance between specialisation and coordination contingent upon the nature of decision tasks and their organisational context. Propositions associated with an adaptive approach to collaborative decision-making were tested in laboratory experiments, with positive support for the contingency model albeit constrained by individual cognitive variances. Organisations increasingly are adopting centralised approaches to the provision of IT services, with IT governance as an integrating mechanism and a need for multiple business-IT alignments to add value according to the differentiation required by organisational elements. Propositions relating to the adaptation of IT management arrangements based upon organisational characteristics were tested using a multi- iv -discipline approach, which resulted in support for the model although practical difficulties were experienced in the action research component. This research provides a framework for maintaining effective variety of information capabilities commensurate with the diverse organisation???s mission and environment, while also exploiting the synergies and economies of shared information resources for holistic benefits.
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Kipp, Margaret E. I. "Tagging for health information organisation and retrieval." dLIST, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105622.
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This paper examines the tagging practices evident on CiteULike, a research oriented social bookmarking site for journal articles. Articles selected for this study were health information and medicine related. Tagging practices were examined using standard informetric measures for analysis of bibliographic information and analysis of term use. Additionally, tags were compared to descriptors assigned to the same article.
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Corner, Robert J. "Knowledge representation in geographic information systems." Thesis, Curtin University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/928.
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In order to satisfy increasing demand for better, smarter, more flexible land resource information an alternative form of representation is proposed. That representation is to be achieved through the coupling of Expert System methods and Geographic Information Systems. Instead of representing resource information using entities such as soil types, defined by rigid boundaries on a map, a more fluid presentation is proposed. Individual resource attributes will be represented by surfaces that describe their probability of occurrence, at a number of levels, across a landscape. Such flexible representations, which are designed to better capture the mental models behind their creation, are capable of being combined and synthesised to answer a wide range of resource queries.An investigation of methods of knowledge representation in a number of fields of research, led to the belief that a Bayesian Network provides a representational calculus that is appropriate to the "fuzzy" and imprecise conceptual models used in resource assessment. The fundamental mathematical principles of such networks have been tailored to provide a representation that is in tune with the intuitive processes of a surveyor's thinking.Software has been written to demonstrate the method and tested on a variety of data sets from Australia and overseas. These tests and demonstrations have used a range of densities of knowledge and range of acuity in evidential data. In general the results accord with the mental models used as drivers. A number of operational facets of the method have been highlighted during these demonstrations and attention has been given to a discussion of them.
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Coleman, Anita Sundaram. "KO, KR, KM: Integrating the organization of information resources and knowledge." Dept. of MIS, Eller College University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105098.
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This presentation was made at the 30th Anniversary Celebrations of the Dept. of Management Information Science, Eller College, University of Arizona, held at the Hilton El Conquistador, Tucson, AZ, Nov. 3-5, 2004.
Knowledge organization (KO), knowledge representation (KR) and knowledge management (KM) are described and methods used in the models classsification research project from these disciplines are described.
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Corner, Robert J. "Knowledge representation in geographic information systems." Curtin University of Technology, School of Spatial Sciences, 1999. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=11740.
Full textAbstract:
In order to satisfy increasing demand for better, smarter, more flexible land resource information an alternative form of representation is proposed. That representation is to be achieved through the coupling of Expert System methods and Geographic Information Systems. Instead of representing resource information using entities such as soil types, defined by rigid boundaries on a map, a more fluid presentation is proposed. Individual resource attributes will be represented by surfaces that describe their probability of occurrence, at a number of levels, across a landscape. Such flexible representations, which are designed to better capture the mental models behind their creation, are capable of being combined and synthesised to answer a wide range of resource queries.An investigation of methods of knowledge representation in a number of fields of research, led to the belief that a Bayesian Network provides a representational calculus that is appropriate to the "fuzzy" and imprecise conceptual models used in resource assessment. The fundamental mathematical principles of such networks have been tailored to provide a representation that is in tune with the intuitive processes of a surveyor's thinking.Software has been written to demonstrate the method and tested on a variety of data sets from Australia and overseas. These tests and demonstrations have used a range of densities of knowledge and range of acuity in evidential data. In general the results accord with the mental models used as drivers. A number of operational facets of the method have been highlighted during these demonstrations and attention has been given to a discussion of them.
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Jernberg, Adam. "Informationsspridning genom olika kanaler och medium i en organisation." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32165.
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I dag så sprids information på ett helt annat sätt än vad den gjorde för både fem och tjugo år sedan och i takt med att tekniken utvecklas så förändras vårt sätt att ta del av information. På många arbetsplatser så är informationsspridning en central del av verksamheten, och tidigare forskning har visat att effektiv spridning av information ökar möjligheterna för företaget att utvecklas. Denna studie har undersökt hur information bör kommuniceras till medarbetare inom en organisation. En åtskillnad mellan kanal och medium har gjort det möjligt att särskilja hur information meddelas och hur den presenteras. Detta har lett till ett resultat som visar på att medarbetare på företaget föredrar att få information presenterad för sig muntligt, och att det finns en viss skillnad när information skall meddelas. Studien grundar sig i en fallstudie inom ett företag som är verksamt inom el- och teknikbranschen. För att kunna generera en tydlig bild av hur informationsspridningen ser ut på företaget så har en kvalitativ intervju genomförts, vilket har kopplats samman med en mer specifik enkätundersökning.Today information dissemination is completely different comparing to both five and twenty years ago, and as the technology develops, so does our way of accessing information. In many workplaces information dissemination is a key process and previous research has shown that effective information sharing increases the potential for the company to develop. This study has examined how information ought to be communicated to cowerkers within a company. A distinction has been made between channel and medium and has made it possible to determine how information is being notified and how information is being presented. This has led to a result showing that coworkers prefers information being presented orally, and that it is a difference when the same information is being notified. The study is based on a case study within a company active in the electrical and engineering industry. A qualitative interview and a quantitative survey has made it possible to generate a clear picture of how the information dissemination looks like in the specified company.
Books on the topic "Organisation of information and knowledge resources"
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Corporate literacy: Discovering the senses of the organisation. Oxford: Chandos, 2007.
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Krone, Oliver. The interaction of organisational structure and humans in knowledge integration. Rovaniemi, Finland: University of Lapland, 2007.
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Brooking, Annie. Corporate memory: Strategies for knowledge management. London: International Thomson Business Press, 1999.
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International Political Science Association. Research Committee on the Structure and Organization of Government. Conference. Knowledge, networks and joined-up government: Conference proceedings from the International Political Science Association Committee, Structure and Organisation of Government Research, June 3-5, 2002, University of Melbourne, Australia. [Melbourne, Vic.]: Centre for Public Policy, University of Melbourne, 2002.
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Schubert, Karl D. CIO Survival Guide. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005.
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Smith, Cathy. Knowledge management. Corby: Institute of Management Foundation, 1997.
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International ISKO Conference (2nd 1992 Madras, India). Cognitive paradigms in knowledge organisation. Edited by Neelameghan A. 1927-, Madras Library Association, Sarada Ranganathan Endowment for Library Science., and University of Madras. Bangalore: Sarada Ranganathan Endowment for Library Science, 1992.
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Jaume, Agustí i. Cullell, ed. Knowledge coordination. Chichester: Wiley, 2003.
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Golub, Koraljka, and Ying-Hsang Liu. Information and Knowledge Organisation in Digital Humanities. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003131816.
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1959-, Borghoff Uwe, and Pareschi Remo, eds. Information technology for knowledge management. Berlin: Springer, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Organisation of information and knowledge resources"
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Xu, Jun, and Mohammed Quaddus. "Managing Organization’s Knowledge Resources." In Managing Information Systems, 67–83. Paris: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-91216-89-3_5.
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Golub, Koraljka, Ahmad M. Kamal, and Johan Vekselius. "Knowledge organisation for digital humanities." In Information and Knowledge Organisation in Digital Humanities, 1–22. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003131816-1.
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Berdier, Chantal. "Road System Ontology: Organisation and Feedback." In Advanced Information and Knowledge Processing, 211–16. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-724-2_17.
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Smirnov, Alexander, Tatiana Levashov, and Nikolay Shilov. "Ontology-Driven Knowledge Sharing for Networked Organisation Configuration." In Enterprise Information Systems, 179–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77581-2_12.
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Camison, Cesar. "Can Virtual Networks Encourage Knowledge Absorptive Capacity?" In Information Resources Management, 2079–101. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-965-1.ch713.
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Organisations are finding it more difficult to keep abreast with the pace of change. The continuous rise of business opportunities and the increase in global competition demands a capability to acquire, assimilate, transform and apply external critical knowledge to renew and reconfigure existing capabilities and knowledge, and to innovate. Developing this dynamic capability requires, in turn, new proactive Knowledge Management tools and new organisational forms. This chapter presents a framework in which virtual networks constitute more flexible new organisational structures to absorb and create knowledge. It also describes how embeddedness in such a network can affect most of the factors identified as antecedents of absorptive capacity. In addition, it evidences the important role of the firm’s relational capabilities in taking advantage of the relevant business information, knowledge, resources, technologies and capabilities circulating in the virtual networks.
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Smuts, Hanlie, Alta van der Merwe, Marianne Loock, and Paula Kotzé. "Knowledge Requirements for Information Systems Outsourcing." In Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development, 79–105. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8524-6.ch004.
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Information systems (IS) outsourcing is a complex, multi-layered and a multifaceted concept. An organisation may gain access to knowledge it does not own in-house or be able to obtain it at a lower price by entering into an outsourcing relationship. At the same time, the organisation may risk losing key skills and capabilities unless the outsourcing arrangement is managed strategically and knowledge transferred properly. Knowledge management is valuable in preventing a loss of knowledge when an organisation outsources its information system activities. This chapter analyses and describes the knowledge requirements relevant in an IS outsourcing arrangement.
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Harorimana, Deogratias. "Knowledge, Culture, and Cultural Impact on Knowledge Management." In Information Resources Management, 1293–304. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-965-1.ch419.
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This chapter offers a taste of the ingredients for further debates that continue to emerge from within knowledge management communities. The author has identified the nuts and bolts of the debate encountered by managers who find themselves faced with high costs involved in breaking cultural barriers, and offers suggestions as to how these can be overcome. From an academic perspective, the author argues that successful knowledge creation and management comes from the combination of two schools of thought – social and technological - and that any considerations that sideline either of these will be wrong or may be hard to justify, when related to the claim of best practice and/or the rationale of quality delivery of the business case. The chapter argues that current organisational practices involving a strong emphasis on team work and the ability to use technologies dominate business operations hence, it is equally important to unblock the human factors that are likely to hinder people’s interaction within a team as it is to keep to the minimum physical barriers and systems that may impede this exercise.
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Nemutanzhela, Phathutshedzo. "Information Systems Innovations Using Competitive Intelligence." In Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development, 260–79. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8524-6.ch014.
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The chapter outlines Information System's (IS) innovations using Competitive Intelligence (CI). The theoretical foundation supporting this chapter was reviewed and Information System framework was implemented. Recommendations as to how the framework for Information Systems innovation was implemented have been addressed in this chapter. Knowledge is used as a focal factor for competitive advantage, through effective and efficient performances by employees in many organisations. As a result, knowledgeable employees are expected to share their knowledge with others to increase innovation within the organisation. Unfortunately, this is not always the case. Generally, employees behave differently within an organisation. The main challenge is that no organisation has total control of its employees' behaviour and actions. The behaviour and action has an impact on how Information Systems are deployed for innovation, in creating competitive advantage. As a result, many systems have been deployed by different organisations in attempt to address this challenge for the interest.
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Dyer, Alan. "Measuring the Benefits of Enterprise Architecture." In Information Resources Management, 1167–89. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-965-1.ch413.
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Enterprise Architecture is the organising logic for business processes and Information Technology infrastructure, the purpose of which is to create a more effective organisation in the context of the business’s strategy and goals. However, the ability to measure the effectiveness of any activities initiated under the guise of Enterprise Architecture is limited, even more so in those organisations, such as government agencies, that do not recognise financial return on investment. In this chapter the author introduces the concept of Knowledge Management, linked to the strategic outcomes of Enterprise Architecture and proposes a maturity model framework for the measurement of Enterprise Architecture implementation. The aim of this chapter is to provide a basis for discussion of a wider Capability Maturity Profile with architectural frameworks to help develop and measure the benefits of implementing frameworks and architectures.
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O’Sullivan, David, and Lawrence Dooley. "Collaborative Innovation for the Management of Information Technology Resources." In Professional Advancements and Management Trends in the IT Sector, 207–22. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0924-2.ch014.
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All organisations are now facing one of the largest upheavals in business practice since the ‘great depression’. Information technology organisations, who frequently lead the development of change based around ICT, are being asked to develop new products and services that add significant value for customers and to radically change their internal processes so that they are more cost effective. Innovation is process of creating positive change to any organisation and that adds value to customers – internal and external. Innovation is now widely accepted at the only sustainable engine of renewed growth for organisations. Organisations that do not embrace innovation and learn to apply its principles will simply stagnate or be obliterated by competition. ICT organisations that can learn to apply innovation effectively will become key strategic assets in driving costs down and also in adding new dimensions to product and service development. This paper presents an approach to applying innovation in any ICT based organisation, be it a service department within a larger organisation or a commercial business that generates ICT solutions for clients. The process of innovation in ICT based organisations is similar to innovation in any organisation and requires an in-depth understanding and practice of developing innovation goals, the management of innovative actions or projects, the empowerment of human capital or teams and the continuous monitoring of innovation performance. This paper presents a methodology for applying innovation and a case study of how innovation related knowledge can be managed in any ICT organisation.
Conference papers on the topic "Organisation of information and knowledge resources"
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Fabiyi, O., and W. D. Olanipekun,. "Evaluating the Impact of Critical Success Factors of Business Intelligence on Firm Performance." In 28th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Research Conference AIUWA The Gambia. Society for Multidisciplinary and Advanced Research Techniques - Creative Research Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/isteams-2021/v28n3p10.
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The paper examined the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on business intelligence and organisation performance. Today’s market place and space is one that is always evolving, revolving and the case of unpredictability which can be seen from the view of economic downturn from time to time. Based on this, organizations look for ways to improve the way they do business to keep ahead of the competition and increase revenue. Specifically, more insight can be gained, and even better decisions made, by coupling business relevant information with an easy-touse predictive analytics/ business solution. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of business intelligence on performance. The data came from the primary source with the aid of a structured questionnaire that was administered to the respondents. Quantitative analysis was carried out on the data related to the 115 organizations. Descriptive and inferential statistics was employed in analyzing the data. A systematic literary approach to data analysis is Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient which was used to test the hypotheses at 5% level of significance. The results of the analysis show that business intelligence actually has a positive impact on the overall performance outcome of the organizations. however, a detailed analysis suggests that the impact of the success factors is stronger with business analysis and analytics, which shows that business intelligence is not just tools or software as seen by many but includes other processes and methodologies which at the end of the day is more important for making better business decisions and providing higher value of outcome for the organization. The study therefore recommends that strategic management must demonstrate their commitment to business intelligence with resources, action, guidelines, and activities. It is also important for management to support continuous knowledge management, data analysis, data warehousing, data mining while also fostering a culture that constantly ensures the enshrinement of business intelligence practices. Keywords: Business Intelligence, Data Mining, Data Warehouse, Knowledge Management, Business Analytics
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Orr, P., and D. Collier. "Providing Better Information for Public Participation in Contentious Decisions." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4568.
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It is widely recognised today that involving stakeholders and members of the public in decision-making has a number of significant benefits, such as increasing the legitimacy of decisions and incorporating lay values and perspectives. This has focussed attention on how to allow for meaningful participation by stakeholders. Much research has been done to develop and evaluate different methods for public participation. Looking beyond the specific techniques employed, to questions such as relations of power between stakeholders, it becomes clear that the provision of information, both on the nature of the process itself and on the issues under consideration, is at the heart of all participation. Using information to increase openness and effective input from a diversity of stakeholders is especially challenging when the issues are technically complex and contentious. Risk communication research has demonstrated that perceived transparency and objectivity in the provision of information are factors that contribute to public trust in experts and institutions. Progress has been made in understanding what procedures are appropriate for giving information at different stages in the decision-making process. In the UK, less attention has been paid to the content of the risk information itself. A review has, therefore, been undertaken of the experience of the Environment Agency of England and Wales of developing and providing information in the context of major public consultations on contentious environmental issues, in particular, for proposed environmental licences for discharges from nuclear power plants. The review has identified a number of areas in which progress needs to be made with respect to: • information to support stakeholder involvement in “framing” the issues; • the scope of information that is appropriate in different decision-making contexts; • level of detail; • the use of diverse — and even conflicting — sources; • handling questions outside the competence or remit of the organisation; • time and resource issues. These questions are important since the kind of information and the way it is provided in consultations on contentious issues affect the decisions that are made. When stakeholders are not told about the issues that they see as important or when they feel excluded from debate by the use of technical language, they will often be unwilling to participate in the process on the terms proposed. Consequently, the decision-maker may be deprived of valuable knowledge and experience, putting in question the validity of the decision, or even face stakeholder action to block the entire process. This has significant implications for the development of activities seen as having an environmental impact, and can often involve both public institutions and private operators in heavy costs. The results of this work are relevant to practitioners who are seeking to improve public participation processes, particularly on complex or contentious issues.
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Ghandour, Ahmad. "Knowledge Sharing Platform for Multi-site Organisation." In 2019 International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acit47987.2019.8991121.
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"Learning in an Organisation - Exploring the Nature of Relationships." In International Conference on Knowledge Management and Information Sharing. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004625604960501.
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Crowder, Richard, and Yee-Wie Sim. "An Approach to Extracting Knowledge From Legacy Documents." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57677.
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Organisations are increasingly information intensive; hence providing access to data that is trapped in various proprietary forms including catalogues, databases, human resource systems and internally generated documents is now becoming a significant and challenging task. The authors have undertaken research into approaches to capture relevant knowledge from legacy documents. This is achieved by converting the legacy documents to XML, (eXtensible Markup Language), documents where the output is semantically tagged. Once in an XML form, the data can be easily transformed. This paper describes the development of tools to automate the process of converting legacy documents to XML documents. The purpose of this work is improve the efficiency and reliability of Expertise Finder suitable for use within an engineering design environment. We will also show that by querying the resultant XML versions of legacy documents provides better results than a basic text search over the identical documents when applied used within an Expertise Finder.
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Sabbagh, A., A. James, R. Bali, and S. Amin. "Deploying resources to work for people; a relevant model for informatics and knowledge management in the Saudi health organisations." In 3rd IEE Seminar on Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries. IET, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2004.0677.
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Ndjave-Ndjoy, Henri-Vincent, Michael Twum-Darko, and Lee-Anne Harker. "Institutionalising knowledge sharing in an organisation: A case of a selected organisation in the Western Cape, South Africa." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Business and Management Dynamics 2016: Sustainable economies in the information economy. AOSIS, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/aosis.2016.icbmd10.09.
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Morales, Germania Rodriguez, Samanta Cueva Carrion, and Marco Vivanco Granda. "Bibliographic resources manager using knowledge maps." In 2014 9th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisti.2014.6876911.
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"SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MULTIMEDIA RESOURCES." In International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003670503420347.
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Bamberry, Geoff, and Peter Dale. "A Rural Region's Use of a Virtual Organisation for Telecommunications Development." In 2009 Fourth International Conference on Cooperation and Promotion of Information Resources in Science and Technology (COINFO). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coinfo.2009.35.
Full textReports on the topic "Organisation of information and knowledge resources"
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Brophy, Kenny, and Alison Sheridan, eds. Neolithic Scotland: ScARF Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.196.
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The main recommendations of the Panel report can be summarised as follows: The Overall Picture: more needs to be understood about the process of acculturation of indigenous communities; about the Atlantic, Breton strand of Neolithisation; about the ‘how and why’ of the spread of Grooved Ware use and its associated practices and traditions; and about reactions to Continental Beaker novelties which appeared from the 25th century. The Detailed Picture: Our understanding of developments in different parts of Scotland is very uneven, with Shetland and the north-west mainland being in particular need of targeted research. Also, here and elsewhere in Scotland, the chronology of developments needs to be clarified, especially as regards developments in the Hebrides. Lifeways and Lifestyles: Research needs to be directed towards filling the substantial gaps in our understanding of: i) subsistence strategies; ii) landscape use (including issues of population size and distribution); iii) environmental change and its consequences – and in particular issues of sea level rise, peat formation and woodland regeneration; and iv) the nature and organisation of the places where people lived; and to track changes over time in all of these. Material Culture and Use of Resources: In addition to fine-tuning our characterisation of material culture and resource use (and its changes over the course of the Neolithic), we need to apply a wider range of analytical approaches in order to discover more about manufacture and use.Some basic questions still need to be addressed (e.g. the chronology of felsite use in Shetland; what kind of pottery was in use, c 3000–2500, in areas where Grooved Ware was not used, etc.) and are outlined in the relevant section of the document. Our knowledge of organic artefacts is very limited, so research in waterlogged contexts is desirable. Identity, Society, Belief Systems: Basic questions about the organisation of society need to be addressed: are we dealing with communities that started out as egalitarian, but (in some regions) became socially differentiated? Can we identify acculturated indigenous people? How much mobility, and what kind of mobility, was there at different times during the Neolithic? And our chronology of certain monument types and key sites (including the Ring of Brodgar, despite its recent excavation) requires to be clarified, especially since we now know that certain types of monument (including Clava cairns) were not built during the Neolithic. The way in which certain types of site (e.g. large palisaded enclosures) were used remains to be clarified. Research and methodological issues: There is still much ignorance of the results of past and current research, so more effective means of dissemination are required. Basic inventory information (e.g. the Scottish Human Remains Database) needs to be compiled, and Canmore and museum database information needs to be updated and expanded – and, where not already available online, placed online, preferably with a Scottish Neolithic e-hub that directs the enquirer to all the available sources of information. The Historic Scotland on-line radiocarbon date inventory needs to be resurrected and kept up to date. Under-used resources, including the rich aerial photography archive in the NMRS, need to have their potential fully exploited. Multi-disciplinary, collaborative research (and the application of GIS modelling to spatial data in order to process the results) is vital if we are to escape from the current ‘silo’ approach and address key research questions from a range of perspectives; and awareness of relevant research outside Scotland is essential if we are to avoid reinventing the wheel. Our perspective needs to encompass multi-scale approaches, so that ScARF Neolithic Panel Report iv developments within Scotland can be understood at a local, regional and wider level. Most importantly, the right questions need to be framed, and the right research strategies need to be developed, in order to extract the maximum amount of information about the Scottish Neolithic.
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ROUSIER, Aline. Implementation of WOAH standards: the Observatory Annual Report. First Edition, 2022. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/obs.3339.
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The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) regularly updates its international standards in accordance with new scientific information and technological advances. These standards contribute to improving animal health, animal welfare and veterinary public health, and facilitate the safe trade of animals and animal products. However, many WOAH Members face challenges in implementing them. It is important for WOAH to understand to what extent our standards are being implemented, and identify the barriers to their implementation. This knowledge will help us improve the standard-setting process and better support our Members in the future.
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Семеріков, Сергій Олексійович, Ростислав Олександрович Тарасенко, and Світлана Миколаївна Амеліна. Conceptual Aspects of Interpreter Training Using Modern Simultaneous Interpretation Technologies. Криворізький державний педагогічний університет, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/6972.
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The article deals with the implementation in universities of conceptual changes in interpreter training in the context of modern simultaneous interpretation technologies. The idea of human-computer interaction as an alternativeless symbiosis for achieving qualitatively new levels of organisation, implementation and efficiency in the simultaneous interpreting process is substantiated. The implementation of the concept of information technology training of interpreters in the content aspect provides for the expansion of their knowledge and skills in the application of information and communication technologies in the preparation and processing of simultaneous interpretation. The practical implementation of the concept in the form of formation of information and technological competence of a simultaneous interpreter is proposed. The ways of forming this competence are defined.
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Olefirenko, Nadiia V., Ilona I. Kostikova, Nataliia O. Ponomarova, Liudmyla I. Bilousova, and Andrey V. Pikilnyak. E-learning resources for successful math teaching to pupils of primary school. [б. в.], September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3266.
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Ukrainian primary schools are undergoing significant changes as for Reform ‘New Ukrainian School’, it reflects rapid updating information technology and high level of children’ informational activity. Primary schools are basically focused on development subject knowledge and general study skills. One of the ways of their developing is to use tools and apps. There are the examples of using interactive tools and apps for teaching Math for young learners by teachers-to-be in the article. The article presents as well the experimental data about training teachers-to-be to use tools and apps. Interactive tools and apps provide real task variability, uniqueness of exercises, operative assessment of correction, adjustment of task difficulty, a shade of competitiveness and gaming to the exercises. To create their own apps teachers-to be use the tools that are the part of the integrated Microsoft Office package using designing environments, and other simple and convenient programs. The article presents experimental data about the results of training teachers-to-be to create apps. A set of criteria for creation apps was made and checked at the experimental research such as ability to develop apps, knowledge and understanding the functional capabilities of apps, knowledge of tools for creating apps and their functional capabilities, ability to select and formulate tasks for young learners, ability to assess adequately the quality of the developed apps.
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Shapovalov, Viktor B., Yevhenii B. Shapovalov, Zhanna I. Bilyk, Artem I. Atamas, Roman A. Tarasenko, and Vitaliy V. Tron. Centralized information web-oriented educational environment of Ukraine. [б. в.], September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3251.
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The modern development of science and technology has provided high quantity of information. This information must be systemized and classified. For taxonomization of educational materials, it was proposed to use existing graph-generators and graph-visualizers of the TODOS IT platform. A separate aspect of the TODOS IT platform is the possibility of using a centralized web-oriented learning environment. Creation of the system and transdisciplinary knowledge is a problem of modern education, which can be solved by creating a centralized web-oriented educational environment. Using this approach is an important part of the learning process. Such a centralized web-oriented environment based on the ontological approach involves filling, adaptive educational services with information resources that reflect the conceptual system of a particular discipline. One of the systems providing not only collection of information but include its systemizing is centralized web-oriented educational environment based on Ontology4 system. Ontology 4 use elements of the TODOS. The paper presents specific developments of one centralized web-oriented educational environment can be used to teach different subjects such as biology, chemistry, Ukrainian language and literature, using the STEM approach.
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Gordon, Eleanor, and Briony Jones. Building Success in Development and Peacebuilding by Caring for Carers: A Guide to Research, Policy and Practice to Ensure Effective, Inclusive and Responsive Interventions. University of Warwick Press, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-1-911675-00-6.
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The experiences and marginalisation of international organisation employees with caring responsibilities has a direct negative impact on the type of security and justice being built in conflict-affected environments. This is in large part because international organisations fail to respond to the needs of those with caring responsibilities, which leads to their early departure from the field, and negatively affects their work while in post. In this toolkit we describe this problem, the exacerbating factors, and challenges to overcoming it. We offer a theory of change demonstrating how caring for carers can both improve the working conditions of employees of international organisations as well as the effectiveness, inclusivity and responsiveness of peace and justice interventions. This is important because it raises awareness among employers in the sector of the severity of the problem and its consequences. We also offer a guide for employers for how to take the caring responsibilities of their employees into account when developing human resource policies and practices, designing working conditions and planning interventions. Finally, we underscore the importance of conducting research on the gendered impacts of the marginalisation of employees with caring responsibilities, not least because of the breadth and depth of resultant individual, organisational and sectoral harms. In this regard, we also draw attention to the way in which gender stereotypes and gender biases not only inform and undermine peacebuilding efforts, but also permeate research in this field. Our toolkit is aimed at international organisation employees, employers and human resources personnel, as well as students and scholars of peacebuilding and international development. We see these communities of knowledge and action as overlapping, with insights to be brought to bear as well as challenges to be overcome in this area. The content of the toolkit is equally relevant across these knowledge communities as well as between different specialisms and disciplines. Peacebuilding and development draw in experts from economics, politics, anthropology, sociology and law, to name but a few. The authors of this toolkit have come together from gender studies, political science, and development studies to develop a theory of change informed by interdisciplinary insights. We hope, therefore, that this toolkit will be useful to an inclusive and interdisciplinary set of knowledge communities. Our core argument - that caring for carers benefits the individual, the sectors, and the intended beneficiaries of interventions - is relevant for students, researchers, policy makers and practitioners alike.
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Greenhill, Lucy. MASTS ‘Brexit’ event – summary report. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.25094.
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Background. As negotiations continue in relation to the UK’s departure from the European Union, considerable uncertainty remains around the final structure of any deal and the implications across all policy areas. Maritime issues are of key concern in Scotland and numerous reports and opinions are accumulating, highlighting significant areas of concern, ranging from fisheries to decommissioning, and some potential opportunities. There is a critical need for knowledge and capacity to support and influence the on-going negotiation process, at both the Scottish and UK level. Expertise regarding the broad range of marine research, operations and commerce is in demand to support discussion, promote interests and secure advances where possible. Such discussion must be based on the best available science but taking into account the socio-economic and historical context. The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland1 (MASTS) is supporting this discussion, providing scientific expertise and promoting the development of emerging policy and progress towards sustainable marine management, during the transition period and for the post-departure UK organisation. This workshop, supported by MASTS, brought government and academia together to consider the legal, governmental and research framework under which Brexit is taking place and to identify priority areas and activities where information can be shared and options considered for enhancing scientific support for the Brexit process. The objectives were to: • Understand current status of Brexit with respect to marine systems and research capacity, including the legislative framework • Identify the priority gaps in knowledge • Develop ways to enhance communication pathways for the best scientific advice required to support the Brexit process.
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Albright, Jeff, Kim Struthers, Lisa Baril, John Spence, Mark Brunson, and Ken Hyde. Natural resource conditions at Glen Canyon National Recreation Area: Findings & management considerations for selected resources. National Park Service, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293112.
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Glen Canyon National Recreation Area (GLCA) encompasses more than 0.5 million ha (1.25 million ac) and extends over 322 km (200 mi) from its northern boundary in southern Utah to its southern boundary in northern Arizona. It is one of the most rugged, remote, and floristically diverse national parks on the Southern Colorado Plateau (Thomas et. al 2005) and has more than 4,900 km (3,045 mi) of waterways flowing through its eight Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC 8) watersheds. GLCA’s larger perennial rivers include the Colorado, Escalante, Dirty Devil, San Juan, and Paria, with smaller perennial and intermittent streams flowing into each of these rivers. After the creation of the Glen Canyon Dam, Lake Powell formed, covering 13% of the park’s total land area when full and the national recreation area attracts over 4 million visitors annually, and in 2019 GLCA ranked 19th highest in recreational visits out of all national parks. The National Park Service Natural Resource Condition Assessment Program selected GLCA to pilot its new NRCA project series. NRCA projects evaluate the best available science to provide park managers with reliable, actionable information pertaining to natural resource conditions in their park. For the park-selected focal study resources, this includes consideration of drivers and stressors known or suspected of influencing resource conditions; assessment of current conditions and trends for indicators of condition; and potential near-term and future activities or actions managers can consider, improving their knowledge and management of natural resources in parks. For focal resources that lack adequate data to assess current conditions, a gap analysis is provided (in lieu of a condition assessment) to highlight the present status of knowledge of the resource and to suggest useful indicators, data, and studies for further consideration and investigation. Park managers are encouraged to identify information needs and pose questions during the NRCA scoping process, with the understanding that information will be provided to help address those needs and answer those questions when possible. For a comprehensive list of GLCA managers’ questions and needs, please refer to Appendix A, Table A-1. The focus of GLCA’s NRCA study was the water-dependent resources—tinajas, springs & seeps, including water quality, riparian zone, amphibians, including the northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens), and small, native fishes—that are found off the mainstem Colorado River. Managers were interested in these particular environments and the natural resources that depend on them because they are less studied, and the habitats are “biodiversity hotspots” due to the intersection of complex desert and freshwater ecosystems in a region limited by water. The following summaries highlight the key findings of GLCA’s focal resource drivers and stressors (Chapter 2), states (Chapter 3), and manager responses (Chapter 4).
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Bolton, Laura. Climate and Environment Learning Resource Guide. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.060.
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This guide is designed to provide information about online resources and materials that can be used to develop or refresh knowledge relevant to FCDO’s climate and environment technical competencies. It is not an exhaustive list and further resources may be added. The guide briefly explains what each resource is, what it covers, and an estimate of how long it takes to read/complete (where information is available). The courses and resources are mostly aimed at people with a general level of knowledge about climate and the environment. Particularly useful resources have been highlighted with *Key Report* at the top of the tables in sections 3, 4, and 5.
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Taylor, Karen, Emily Moynihan, and Information Technology Laboratory (U S. ). Information Science and Knowledge Management Branch. The Forefront : A Review of ERDC Publications, Spring 2021. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40902.
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The Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) is the premier civil works engineering and environmental sciences research and development arm of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). As such, it partners with the Army, Department of Defense (DoD), federal agencies, and civilian organizations to help solve our Nation’s most challenging problems in civil and military engineering, geospatial sciences, water resources, and environmental sciences. A special government knowledge center, ERDC Information Technology Laboratory’s Information Science and Knowledge Management (ISKM) Branch is critical to ERDC’s mission, fulfilling research requirements by offering a variety of editing and library services to advance the creation, dissemination, and curation of ERDC and USACE research knowledge. Serving as the publishing authority for the ERDC, ISKM publishes all ERDC technical publications to the Digital Repository Knowledge Core, sends a copy to the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) and creates a press release about each publication on the ERDC website. The Forefront seeks to provide an additional mechanism for highlighting some of our technical publications to the ERDC, USACE, Army, and DoD communities. This publication also encourages those outside ERDC to contact us about using ERDC editing services. For more information regarding the reports highlighted in this publications or others that ERDC researchers’ have created, please contact the ISKM virtual reference desk at erdclibrary@ask-a-librarian.info or visit the ISKM’s online repository, Knowledge Core, at https://erdc-library.erdc.dren.mil/ .