Dissertations / Theses: 'Organisation Barrier'

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Larsson, Johanna, and Therese Jakobsson. "Vägen till en ledande position : En kvalitativ studie om vad som påverkar huruvida kvinnor kan anta ledande positioner inom tillverkningsindustrin." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Jönköping University, JTH, Logistik och verksamhetsledning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49972.

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Syfte - Studiens syfte är att undersöka vad som påverkar kvinnors förutsättningar för att anta ledande positioner inom tillverkningsindustrin och genom det förstå hur hållbar utveckling kan uppnås. För att besvara syftet har tre frågeställningar formulerats: - Vilka möjliggörare finns för att kvinnor ska kunna anta ledande positioner på tillverkningsindustrier? - Vilka barriärer finns för att kvinnor ska kunna anta ledande positioner på tillverkningsindustrier? - På vilket sätt kan organisationskontexten kopplas till påverkansfaktorerna? Metod – Som metod genomfördes en intervjustudie med fem kvinnor på fem olika tillverkningsindustrier i Jönköpings län. Ytterligare genomfördes en litteraturstudie och relevant teori har tagits fram. Resultatet från intervjustudien analyserades mot teori, som tillsammans formade studiens utfall. Resultat – För att kvinnor ska kunna anta ledande positioner på tillverkningsindustrier finns det både möjliggörare och barriärer, uppdelat internt och externt. De interna möjliggörarna som identifierades var kompetens, mångfald, organisationskultur och jämställdhet och fanns inom organisationerna. Den externa möjliggöraren som identifierades var representation, en möjliggörare som identifierades utanför organisationerna kopplat till individer. De interna barriärerna som identifierades var rekrytering, hierarki, organisationskultur, investeringar och motstånd vilket likt de interna möjliggörarna fanns inom organisationerna. Den externa barriären som identifierades var individens påverkan och kunde likt den externa möjliggöraren kopplas till individer utanför organisationerna. Organisationskontexten och påverkansfaktorerna var delvis kopplade då de identifierade barriärerna kunde kopplas till att organisationer inte prioriterade områden som barriärerna berörde. Det fanns en svagare koppling mellan möjliggörarna och organisationskontexten, vilket kunde förklaras med att möjliggörarna snarare tillhörde organisationernas sociala system än organisationernas struktur. Implikationer - Ur ett teoretiskt perspektiv bidrog de identifierade påverkansfaktorerna till att öka kunskapen kring kvinnors förutsättningar för att anta ledande positioner. Ur ett praktiskt perspektiv bidrog resultatet till att både individer och organisationer kunde ta lärdom av påverkansfaktorerna och förbättra förutsättningarna för kvinnor att anta ledande positioner inom tillverkningsindustrin. Begränsningar – Studien har begränsats av att endast fem respondenter på fem olika organisationer intervjuats. Hade fler intervjuer genomförts kunde studiens generaliserbarhet blivit högre då det förmodligen bidragit till att ett mönster mellan både respondenter och organisationer framkommit.
Purpose – This study aimed to examine what affects women’s prerequisites to attain leading positions within the manufacturing industry and through that understand how sustainable development can be achieved. To fulfil the purpose of this study, three questions have been formulated: - Which enablers exist for women to attain leading positions in manufacturing industries? - Which barriers exist for women to attain leading positions in manufacturing industries? - In which ways can the organizational context be connected to the impacting factors? Method – As a method, an interview study has been conducted with five women at five different manufacturing industries within Jönköping county. Furthermore, a literature study was executed, and relevant theory was brought out. The collected data from the interview study was analysed against the theory, which together formed the result of the study. Findings – For women being able to attain leading positions at manufacturing industries, there are both enablers and barriers, divided into internal and external fractions. The internal enablers that were identified were competency, diversity, organisational culture, and equality which appeared within the organisations. The external enabler that was identified was representation, an enabler that was identified out of the organisations connected to individuals. The internal barriers that were identified were recruitment, hierarchy, organisational culture, investments and resistance, just as the internal enablers that appeared within the organisations. The external barrier that was identified was the individual’s impact and could as the external enabler be connected to the individual herself outside of the organisations’ context. The organisational context and the impacting factors were partly connected since the identified barriers could be connected to organisations not prioritizing the areas of the barriers. There was a weaker connection between the enablers and the organisational context, which could be explained by the enablers belonging to the social system of the organisations rather than the structure of the organisations. Implications - The identified impacting factors could from a theoretical perspective contribute to increasing the knowledge regarding women’s prerequisites to attain leading positions. The result could from an practical perspective contribute to both individuals and organisations taking lessons from the impacting factors and improve women’s prerequisites to attain leading positions within the manufacturing industry Limitations – The study was limited by interviewing only five respondents at five different organisations. If further interviews had been conducted, the generalisability of the study would have been higher since it presumably would had contributed to a pattern between the respondents and the organisations.

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Munck, af Rosenschöld Carl, and Joel Lindholm. "You Shall Not Pass : A study about Barriers and subsequent Consequences of Sustainable Business Models in the Swedish Clothing & Textile Industry." Thesis, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52769.

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Background: Sustainability is becoming increasingly important from a consumer’s perspective when it comes to their preferences. Simultaneously, mass-market apparel brands are struggling to meet the demand for sustainable clothing and textile products. The industry is in dire need for sustainable development as it is responsible for 8-10% of world’s greenhouse gas emissions and is the cause of 20% of the world’s wastewater. Therefore, it is vital to explore what the barriers are that hinders the development of sustainable business models and the consequences of these barriers. Purpose: This thesis aims to explore which barriers and subsequent consequences Swedish clothing & textile organizations face when developing a sustainable business model. Method: This study follows the interpretivist approach with inductively inspired reasoning. Qualitative semi-structured interviews are conducted on three different cases, which are analysed and compared using the general analytical procedure. The study used Snoek’s (2017) theoretical framework of internal and external barriers to explore the barriers in the Swedish clothing & textile industry. Findings: This thesis contributes with comprehensive knowledge about barriers and their consequences in the Swedish clothing & textile industry with the help of Snoek’s (2017) framework of internal and external barriers. A total of 24 barriers were classified under four barrier categories; “Costly business model”, “Lack of awareness & low willingness to pay”, “Lack of transparency”, and “Misalignment between policy & regulation within the C&T industry”. Nine were new out of these 24 barriers. A theoretical framework is brought forward illustrating the interconnectivity between “consumer awareness”, “demand and willingness to pay for sustainable products”, “companies match the demand”, and after that “, creating demand for sustainable products”. This study’s findings extend the knowledge about the Swedish clothing & textile industry for organizations that wish to develop sustainability into their business model.

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Malashchuk, Igor. "Epigenetic Regulation of Skin Development and Postnatal Homeostasis The role of chromatin architectural protein Ctcf in the control of Keratinocyte Differentiation and Epidermal Barrier Formation." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14791.

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Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms play important roles in the control of lineage-specific differentiation during development. However, mechanisms that regulate higher-order chromatin remodelling and transcription of keratinocyte-specific genes that are clustered in the genome into three distinct loci (Keratin type I/II loci and Epidermal Differentiation Complex (EDC) during differentiation of the epidermis are poorly understood. By using 3D-Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH), we determined that in the epidermal keratinocytes, the KtyII and EDC loci are located closely to each other in the nuclear compartment enriched by the nuclear speckles. However, in KtyII locus knockout mice, EDC locus moved away from the KtyII locus flanking regions and nuclear speckles towards the nuclear periphery, which is associated with marked changes in gene expression described previously. Chromatin architectural protein Ctcf has previously been implicated in the control of long-range enhancer-promoter contacts and inter-chromosomal interactions. Ctcf is broadly expressed in the skin including epidermal keratinocytes and hair follicles. Conditional Keratin 14-driven Ctcf ablation in mice results in the increase of the epidermal thickness, proliferation, alterations of the epidermal barrier and the development of epidermal pro-inflammatory response. Epidermal barrier defects in Krt14CreER/Ctcf fl/fl mice are associated with marked changes in gene expression in the EDC and KtyII loci, which become topologically segregated in the nucleus upon Ctcf ablation. Therefore, these data suggest that Ctcf serves as critical determinant regulating higher-order chromatin organization in lineage-specific gene loci in epidermal keratinocytes, which is required for the proper control of gene expression, maintenance of the epidermal barrier and its function.

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Malashchuk, Ogor. "Epigenetic regulation of skin development and postnatal homeostasis : the role of chromatin architectural protein Ctcf in the control of keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal barrier formation." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14791.

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Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms play important roles in the control of lineage-specific differentiation during development. However, mechanisms that regulate higher-order chromatin remodelling and transcription of keratinocyte-specific genes that are clustered in the genome into three distinct loci (Keratin type I/II loci and Epidermal Differentiation Complex (EDC)) during differentiation of the epidermis are poorly understood. By using 3D-Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH), we determined that in the epidermal keratinocytes, the KtyII and EDC loci are located closely to each other in the nuclear compartment enriched by the nuclear speckles. However, in KtyII locus knockout mice, EDC locus moved away from the KtyII locus flanking regions and nuclear speckles towards the nuclear periphery, which is associated with marked changes in gene expression described previously. Chromatin architectural protein Ctcf has previously been implicated in the control of long-range enhancer-promoter contacts and inter-chromosomal interactions. Ctcf is broadly expressed in the skin including epidermal keratinocytes and hair follicles. Conditional Keratin 14-driven Ctcf ablation in mice results in the increase of the epidermal thickness, proliferation, alterations of the epidermal barrier and the development of epidermal pro-inflammatory response. Epidermal barrier defects in Krt14CreER/Ctcf fl/fl mice are associated with marked changes in gene expression in the EDC and KtyII loci, which become topologically segregated in the nucleus upon Ctcf ablation. Therefore, these data suggest that Ctcf serves as critical determinant regulating higher-order chromatin organization in lineage-specific gene loci in epidermal keratinocytes, which is required for the proper control of gene expression, maintenance of the epidermal barrier and its function.

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Osborne, Jeremy. "Extending knowledge management beyond organisational borders – barriers for South African construction organisations." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32907.

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Previous research raised the question of why South African organisations do not extend their Knowledge Management (KM) practices beyond their organisational borders. Therefore, there is a need to examine the barriers faced by construction organisations when trying to extend KM activities beyond organisational borders towards encouraging the South African construction sector to improve upon its collective KM maturity. This research utilised a quantitative approach which initially examined the available literature on the topic of Knowledge Management and the barriers found inhibiting its implementation. From this knowledge a survey instrument was developed and circulated to 499 construction professionals based in South Africa to elicit their opinions on Knowledge Management, extending KM activities beyond organisational boundaries and the barriers potentially inhibiting these activities. A total of 93 usable data sets were received and subjected to statistical analysis. This research found that there was a clear positive opinion towards KM and to extending these activities beyond organisational borders. The perception that by extending KM activities beyond organisational borders may negatively impact the organisations competitiveness is still prevalent and is a barrier to extending KM activities beyond organisational borders. Further it was found that the lack of time allocated to KM activities was an inhibitor to KM activities bother internally and from extending these KM activities beyond organisational borders. However, the amount of training given on KM and support of management was only found to be of significant concern in the less mature organisations and therefore may inhibit KM activities but were not a clear inhibitor to extending these activities beyond organisational borders. Continuity in the makeup of project teams was identified as a potential route to improve project performance and the current contracts utilised in the sector did not appear to currently impact knowledge sharing. Encouragingly it was found that knowledge was not withheld by employees to improve job security and further the challenges faced by multiple languages being spoken in the project environment and in coordinating TMO's did not register as significant inhibitors to knowledge sharing. This research's findings show that professionals in the South African construction sector have a positive opinion towards KM and extending these activities beyond organisational borders. Barriers do exist in the sector that are inhibiting knowledge managements implementation and growth, however by highlighting these issues it is possible for organisations to overcome the challenges faced, grow their knowledge management maturity and extract the most out of the strategies implemented. Based on these findings, the study recommended that there is a need to establish partnerships and longstanding relationships which foster knowledge transfer to overcome the negative perception that extending knowledge management activities beyond organisational borders may negatively impact competitiveness. This research was limited by the response rate to the survey circulated being low with only 93 valid data sets in the sample for statistical analysis. Further most respondents to the survey were from small and micro organisations who had low KM maturities and therefore the results for this research cannot claim to represent the construction sector of South Africa as a whole.

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Laenen, Inneke. "What are the enablers of and barriers to the creation of Organisations with an enhanced learning capacity? A systematic Review of learning organisation interventions." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32384.

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Health systems, like commercial enterprises, face wide-ranging challenges and need to develop an adaptive capacity in order to remain effective. There is increasing recognition in the health sector that the concept of the learning organisation, which has long been popular in the business management field, could be a key strategy to develop this adaptive capacity in health systems. Although examples exist of the application of learning organisation principles to health care facilities, there is little guidance for how units or groups responsible for health policy and strategies can apply them more widely. In order to provide some initial guidance to the Western Cape Department of Health, which has expressed an interest in developing into a learning organisation, this project sought to identify the enablers of, and barriers to learning organisation creation by conducting a systematic review of learning organisation interventions across multiple sectors. As multiple definitions and models of a learning organisation exist in the literature, this systematic review was complemented by an initial review of conceptual literature which synthesised the existing definitions and models of a learning organisation and identified a core set of learning organisation dimensions. Findings indicate that a foundation of good organisational software such as a shared understanding of, and commitment to a learning organisation vision, a culture which is conducive to learning organisation creation, and a secure, supportive and interpersonally non-threatening environment, is essential for learning organisation creation. Building on this foundation it is then important to invest in staff time (i.e. that staff are officially allowed, and incentivised, to spend time on learning during work hours), and the infrastructure and processes necessary to support knowledge transfer, such as physical meeting spaces, online learning databases, mentorship programmes, and feedback mechanisms.

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Ringård, Fredrik, and Carl Segerlund. "Leading Innovators in Large Organisations : Enablers and Barriers for Intrapreneurship." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-157341.

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Innovation is considered by many to be a driver of organisational performance and growth. A key factor to consider for competitive edge is the utilization of the companies’ innovative capabilities. The bureaucracy often involved with large companies could limit the utilization of the inherent innovative ability and new business development. The commissioner for this study, a large Swedish multinational technology company, has in a previous study raised the importance of innovators to be properly recognised and rewarded. Moreover, they have identified a need to better identify, track and train their innovators in order to utilise their full potential. With this in mind, the research question, "How can the company’s innovative capabilities be further utilised?" was formulated. The research question was further complemented with sub-questions narrowing the field of study and allowed for a more systematic approach. Three methods were used in this study, interviews, a questionnaire and a workshop. The interviews were conducted in order to capture the company specific context and factors influencing the company’s innovators to verify and complement the literature study. Secondly, the questionnaire was done to add an additional perspective on the topic including quantitative data verifying the extent of the found factors and exploring their importance throughout the organisation. Finally, the aim of the workshop was to let innovators in the company form specific actions targeting the most pressing issues discovered from the questionnaire. The findings suggest recommendations regarding what obstacles that are most important to address, how to motivate innovation efforts, identify innovators and how to enhance the utilisation of the company’s innovative capabilities. The proposed actions from the workshop, concluding the preceding data collections were to implement a strategy facilitating innovation execution, create an incubation team supporting innovators in realising innovations, and to foster an experimental culture. Keywords: Intrapreneurship, Innovation Enabler, Innovation Barrier, Innovator Motivation, Innovative Capability
Innovation anses av många vara en drivkraft som ofta medför konkurrensfördelar och starkt bidrar till organisationers positiva resultat och tillväxt. En nyckelfaktor är att nyttja företagets innovativa förmåga. Dock kan byråkratin och trögheten ofta förknippad med stora företag begränsa nyttjandet av innovationsförmågan och utvecklingen av nya marknader. Uppdragsgivaren, ett stort svenskt multinationellt teknikföretag, har lyft vikten i att företagets innovatörer stöttas, erkänns och belönas på ett korrekt sätt. De har även ett behov av att bättre identifiera, spåra och utbilda innovatörer för att nyttja deras fulla potential. Utifrån detta formulerades forskningsfrågan, "Hur kan företaget öka nyttjandet av sin innovativa förmåga?", som kompletterats med underfrågor för en mer systematisk och djupgående lösning. I studien användes tre metoder, intervjuer, en enkät och en workshop. Intervjuerna genomfördes för att fånga kontexten och samla in vilka specifika faktorer som påverkar innovatörer på det studerade företaget, som en verifiering och komplement till litteraturstudien. Enkäten undersökte generaliserbarheten i de tidigare funna faktorerna samt verifiera deras existens och betydelse i hela företaget, genom det kvantitativa resultatet. Workshopen syftade slutligen till att låta ett antal av företagets innovatörer forma åtgärdsplaner, specifikt anpassade för företaget utifrån de tydligast framträdande hindren för innovation funna från enkäten. Studien har resulterat i rekommendationer gällande vilka hinder för innovation som är viktigast att adressera, hur man motiverar och identifierar innovatörer samt hur företaget kan öka nyttjandet av sin innovativa förmåga. Workshopen, vilken binder samman resultatet från de tidigare datainsamlingarna, resulterade i tre åtgärdsplaner. Första åtgärden var att införa en strategi för realisering av innovationer. Andra åtgärden rekommenderade skapandet av en grupp som hanterar inkubationen av innovationer och hjälper idégivare att driva dessa mot realisering. Slutligen föreslogs att implementerandet av en experimentell kultur skulle gynna innovationsklimatet. Nyckelord: Intraprenörskap, Innovationsförutsättning, Innovationshinder, Innovatörsmotivation, Innovationsförmåga

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Heim, Nicolas. "Phénomène d'auto-organisation dans une décharge à barrière diélectrique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30363/document.

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Une décharge à barrière diélectrique (DBD) provenant d'un claquage de type Townsend et entretenue dans un régime luminescent peut aboutir à une décharge d'apparence homogène ou filamentaire. Grâce à une importante variété de structures filamentaires observables et à leurs similarités avec les structures observées dans d'autres domaines, les DBD sont d'un grand intérêt en dynamique des systèmes non linéaires. Numériques ou expérimentaux, les moyens d'études de systèmes complexes se doivent d'être en premier lieu fiables et simples. Une grande partie du temps de cette thèse a consisté à mettre en place un dispositif expérimental permettant d'obtenir des résultats reproductibles et à élaborer un code numérique de décharge à zéro dimension permettant des calculs rapides tout en conservant la physique essentielle des décharges. Un code fluide à deux dimensions préexistant a aussi été utilisé. Ces trois outils, par leurs complémentarités et leurs versatilités propres, ont offert des possibilités d'investigations plus poussées qu'auparavant. La question principale posée au début de la thèse concerne l'origine de l'instabilité d'une décharge menant à une structuration spatiale. Pour y répondre, une des études visa à regarder l'influence de l'ajout d'une impureté sur les paramètres expérimentaux observables grâce à la combinaison de résultats expérimentaux et numériques. Les décharges ont été réalisées dans les gaz rares tels que l'hélium, le néon et l'argon et l'impureté ajoutée est de l'azote. L'un des principaux résultats montre que dans le néon, l'effet Penning joue un rôle central dans la structuration. D'autres travaux menés en parallèle ont entre autres visé à identifier les facteurs responsables de la taille des filaments ou à aborder la spatialisation d'une décharge à partir de modèles 0D couplés
Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) starting from Townsend breakdown and used in glow discharge regime can lead to homogenous discharge or patterned discharge. Due to a large variety of observed structures and their similarity with other domains, DBD are of great scientific interest in non-linear dynamics systems. Numerical calculations or experimental studies of complex systems need to be simple and reliable. A great part of this thesis work was to improve an experimental device to obtain reproducible results and to develop a zero dimension numerical model performing faster calculations retaining the essential discharges physic. A two dimensions preexisting model was also used. These three tools, by their complementarity and their versatilities, allowed us to go further in understanding discharge mechanisms. In the beginning of this work, one of the main questions was: "What is responsible for instability in a dielectric barrier discharge leading to spatial structure?". To answer, one of the studies consisted to add an impurity in a discharge and to look the consequences combining numerical and experimental devices. Discharges were performed in rare gas such as helium, neon and argon and nitrogen was used as an impurity. One of the main results shows that Penning effect plays a central role in discharges structuring. Other studies consisted of identifying the factors responsible for the size of the filaments or to approach the spatialization of a discharge from coupled 0D models

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PODLESNY, PAULINE ANNA, and JENNIFER ELZE. "Overcoming intercultural communication barriers : Organisational Culture and Organisational Learning within a Swedish Textile Company." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-18004.

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This thesis attempts to discover what actions are necessary to mitigate these problems within textile companies. Theories on organisational culture, organisational learning, and international management, were addressed in relation to intercultural communication. Using an exemplifying case of one single person within Eton AB, a case study research design was conducted. The data was collected through a qualitative research strategy and method, using self-completion/self-administrative questionnaires, and analysed using grounded theory. The general result of the thesis indicates that few communication errors between Eton AB and the participant exist. Therefore this interrelation can be seen as a positive example of intercultural communication within a textile company. In this context, it was the authors’ intention to identify the influence organisational culture and organisational learning have on intercultural communication. Certain aspects within an organisational culture are of importance to create a better integration of employees, hence influence intercultural relations positively. Organisational learning, likewise, has a positive impact, since it contributes to the creation of a better environment for integration. This thesis concludes with generalised measures which can be seen as a guideline and as first steps for textile companies in order to reduce intercultural communication errors.
Program: Textile Management,textile value chain management

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Kruger, Hilda. "Intra-organisational information and knowledge sharing : exploring persistent barriers." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1981.

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Thesis (MA (Information Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: When studying information and knowledge management case studies, it becomes evident that barriers to information and knowledge sharing persist, even in organisations that are lauded for their IKM initiatives. This study set out to probe why this is the case. To this end the study explored persistent barriers to information and knowledge sharing through an investigation of a Most Admired Knowledge Enterprise (MAKE) award winning organisation. It was predicted that the persistent barriers would correspond to the characteristics of organisations as complex social systems. Results indicated that the persistent barriers identified in the MAKE award winning organisation mirror the characteristics of complex social systems. The findings suggest one possible explanation for the persistence of barriers to information and knowledge sharing, namely that these barriers are rooted in the nature of organisations as complex systems. Viewing poor information and knowledge flows through a complex social systems lens draws attention to the ‘wicked’ nature of the issue, i.e. the reality that persistent barriers form interacting meshes that can at best be mitigated but not eliminated. Also, viewing persistent barriers as inherent in organisations suggest alternative ways of attending to these barriers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ‘n Oorsig van inligting- en kennisbestuur (IKB) gevallestudies wys duidelik dat hindernisse tot inligting- en kennisdeling gedurig volhou, selfs in organisasies met hoogs aangeskrewe IKB inisiatiewe. Die oogmerk van hierdie studie was om vas te stel waarom dit so is. Die studie het daarom hardnekkig volhoudende hindernisse tot inligting- en kennisdeling binne ‘n erkende Most Admired Knowledge Enterprise (MAKE) organisasie ondersoek. Dit is voorspel dat die volhoudende hindernisse sou ooreenstem met eienskappe van organisasies as komplekse sosiale stelsels. Die bevindinge het gewys dat volhoudende hindernisse wat binne die erkende MAKE organisasie identifiseer is, wel die eienskappe van komplekse sosiale stelsels weerspieël. Die bevindinge wys op een moontlike verklaring vir die hardnekkig volhoudende bestaan van hindernisse tot inligting- en kennisdeling, naamlik dat hierdie hindernisse spruit uit die aard van organisasies as komplekse stelsels. Deur na suboptimale inligting- en kennisvloei deur die lens van ‘n komplekse sosiale stelsel te kyk, word die ‘wicked’ aard van die probleem uitgewys, dit wil sê ‘n realiteit waar volhoudende hindernisse interaktiewe strikke vorm wat bloot aangespreek, maar nie elimineer kan word nie. Alternatiewe maniere word voorgestel hoe sulke hindernisse aangepak kan word.

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East, Sally A. "Flexible working in charitable organisations : an exploration of barriers and opportunities." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2013. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19591/.

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This thesis explores, records, and furthers the embryonic understanding of flexible-working arrangements, formal and/or informal, within the charity sector with focus placed upon medium-sized charitable organizations (income threshold between £500k and £5 million) registered in England and Wales. A multi-method research programme (Phase I: postal-questionnaire and Phase II: semi-structured interviews in four service-providing charities) was undertaken across a sample population of charitable organizations with varying core charity activities. The study considers the influencing factors, impacting upon both employees and employers. Fundamentally, the research outlines the inter-play between perceived and real barriers and enablers impacting upon the successful/unsuccessful implementation and/or operation of flexible-working arrangements within medium-sized charitable organizations. At the time of writing, minimal work had been published regarding flexible-working practices within the charity sector. The present research adopts an interpretive approach where knowledge is gained or at least filtered through social constructions such as language, consciousness and shared meanings by both junior and senior employees. This interpretive approach, supported by the Glaserian branch of Grounded Theory, does not pre-define dependent and independent variables, but focuses on the complexity of human sense-making surrounding the emerging flexible-working situation. Throughout this research, there were a number of recurring themes supporting established HRM theory; but the pivotal finding focused upon the rewarding in-house "family" relationships, and intimate "team" bonds enjoyed by the female junior staff members, surpasses the immediate concerns of reduced funding. Their philanthropic beliefs, charitable ethos, commitment to each other and the charitable organization, gives them a strength and stability to accept change and enables them to adapt and modify to survive against external influencing factors. Through this ubiquitous "family" team characteristic, reinforced by volunteer support, and familial biased language; these distinguishing traits were found to be at the heart of the emergent Female Junior Informal Flexible-Working Model.

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Nicol, Paul. "Scenario planning as an organisational change agent." Curtin University of Technology, Graduate School of Business, 2005. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16321.

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The thesis was based on a unique opportunity to compare the perceptions of participants before and after a scenario planning project conducted in a water utility. The researcher was able to explore the perceptions of the participants of scenario planning as a change agent directly, and so address a concern in some of the literature that much of the body of knowledge on scenario planning has been filtered through the viewpoints of scenario planning practitioners. Through the use of an adapted grounded theory approach, the perceptions of the participants emerged independently of a pre-conceived theoretical framework and explanations of the outcomes of the process were developed from this data. As well, the assumptions behind the practice of scenario planning were explored and from this a theory for scenario planning was developed. This was effected while constant comparison of concepts emerging from the data was in progress and provided a theoretical framework for the discussion of the empirical research. In this case scenario planning was perceived more as an instrument than as an agent of change, with a role of setting a framework for the strategic conversation in the subsequent phases of the change initiative. The outcomes of the research illustrated that uncertainties internal to the organisation had affected the implementation of change. In particular the conceptual ecologies of people in the organisation were not explored in depth, and this perpetuated a driving force for the future of the organisation that was not merely uncertain but remained unknowable. It was concluded that whether a scenario planning project achieved its objectives was matter of perception, with evaluation differing depending on the viewpoint taken.
Change of mind-set was not necessarily needed for a change of strategic direction, which could be explained using a political metaphor. However, for cultural change to be effected, there was a need for operatives to identify with it. It was concluded from this case that unless change and/or the change process were adapted to resonate with the world views of the operatives, it was unlikely it would become embedded in the organisation and may be resisted. Conceptual ecologies needed to be explored for this adaptation to occur.

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Boyes, James Alfred. "An analysis of the barriers to UK small business web infrastructure development." Thesis, Brunel University, 2006. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5161.

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This thesis analyses the Web infrastructure development process experienced by UK Small Businesses and considers the nature and impact of the barriers and problems that affect it. In doing so the thesis combines three previously disparate streams of research; research that considers the infrastructure development process, research that considers the benefits that become available via the use of an infrastructure and research that considers the barriers to benefit realisation. Analysis reveals that while the organisational advantages and benefits are well documented, Small Businesses routinely encounter problems to their realisation. Likewise, current developmental methodologies appear ill suited for use by Small Business. This thesis addresses those gaps within current knowledge and understanding. The study utilises a multiple case study research strategy. The research design utilises multiple data collection methods to triangulate the study data thereby corroborating the accuracy, veracity and parsimony of the study findings. The study findings reveal that the development process encompasses three stages, initial development, corrective development and long-term development. The findings also reveal that as the sophistication of an infrastructure is enhanced, increasingly sophisticated benefits become available. At the same time however, barriers to development will be encountered. Each can curtail benefit realisation or can block ongoing development entirely. Within the development process, the business's owner/manager is the driving force behind development and is motivated to undertake development because of the benefits that will bring to their organisation. The thesis makes a demonstrable contribution to knowledge because its combined analysis of three previously disparate streams of research is novel as is its depiction of a three stage Web infrastructure development process. Future work can build upon this study's findings by testing the theories developed within this thesis so that they can be generalised more widely.

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Pillay, Sadeshini Shunmugan. "A study of the barriers to career progress of women in an organisation." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/822.

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Due to the continual constant battle women have to face in order to progress in the workplace, it has become necessary to assess the degree of transformational change within the workplace within South Africa to try to establish just what these barriers are and how it can be overcome. To examine the main problem, three sub-problems were identified. The first sub-problem that had been identified dealt with what the women’s rights in the new South Africa. It was investigated by evaluating the situation in the New South Africa and what has changed from the past. Is there more gender equality or not. The second sub-problem looked at the barriers that women face in the workplace. It is evident that sexual harassment, male chauvinism, trying to balance work and family as well as organisational structure and culture were among the top barriers that are a hindrance to women’s advancement in the workplace. Finally, the third sub-problem investigated what the glass ceiling effect is and the effect that this has on women in the workplace. The investigation evaluated, and emphasised the difficulties that women face in order to progress in the hierarchy of not only management but other occupations as well. Results have shown that most females and males believe that the glass ceiling is prevalent in the workplace. Most people believe that women can however break through the glass ceiling but now there is a new phenomenon, “The Glass Cliff” which allows women to break through the glass ceiling but only of organisations that are already in trouble.

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Cawood, Leanne. "Patient default risk as a barrier for achieving organisational excellence / by Leanne Cawood." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3662.

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HIV/AIDS is the world's most urgent public health challenge. It is the leading cause of death for young adults worldwide. There is as yet no vaccine and no cure. The high unemployment rate and poverty experienced in South Africa contribute to the high HIV/AIDS infection levels experienced in the country. With the vast majority of HIV/AIDS cases and the growth in the number of people infected who will look towards publicly funded hospitals for medical care, the financial strain on government hospitals and pharmacies will be severe, not only as a result of the sheer number of people seeking healthcare, but also because healthcare for HIV/AIDS patients is more expensive than for most other conditions. Antiretroviral treatment is the main type of treatment for HIV/AIDS. It is not a cure, but it can stop people from becoming ill for many years. The treatment consists of drugs that have to be taken every day for the rest of a patient's life. Antiretroviral treatment has complex and rigorous dosing requirements. The aim of antiretroviral treatment is to keep the amount of HIV/AIDS in the body at a low level. This stops any weakening of the immune system and allows it to recover from any damage that HIV/AIDS might have caused already. Medication compliance means taking the medications exactly as prescribed by the doctor for the amount of time intended. Medication noncompliance, on the other hand, means taking medications in any way other than what the doctor prescribed. While noncompliance may not seem like a big deal, it can have serious consequences. The challenge of optimizing adherence to anti-retroviral treatment remains paramount in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this study is to establish the cost of a patient defaulting anti-retroviral treatment per month, and to determine the financial and economic impact that defaulting patients has on General de la Rey and Thusong Hospital Complex Pharmacies. The study further aims to prove that the risk of patient defaulting is a barrier to achieve organisational excellence through healthcare delivery.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

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Elferis, Mustafa A. "Identifying the barriers of training development in Libyan manufacturing organisations (public sector)." Thesis, University of Salford, 2005. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26657/.

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The need for training may be a result of drives to improve quality, or might be needed as a response to human resource factors. In Libya the need for training is to develop the citizens as a whole in order to become a fully developed country. The main objective of this research was to identify barriers that may effect organisations and to highlight those that are particular to the Libyan context. This thesis identified and analysed the barriers, which can exist in Libyan public sector manufacturing organisations in particular using the Twisha Poultry Complex (TPC) as a case study. This research is original, and has not been previously undertaken. The project involved necessary in depth research to enable the development of a framework. The framework constructed, allows any organisation the facility in identifying barriers that exist and which could affect their employee training and development. This thesis concentrated on Health and Safety training as a lens. By investigating the existing Health and Safety training at TPC it was possible to gain an in depth understanding of barriers to training and development. Furthermore by using a theoretical framework, that lists areas and elements where barriers might occur, it was possible to highlight both the internal and external factors that produced barriers to training and development for the Twisha Poultry Complex. As a result of this study this researcher discovered a number of barriers to training and development that were particular to the Libyan context. It was discovered that there was a lack of skills, knowledge and the necessary attitudes to training and development. Also the selection processes in the country seem to be based on nepotism and there is a complete lack of any initial training for new recruits. Social and economic changes as well as the influence of tribe and family play an important part in people's attitudes to training. Whilst within the organisation investigated, there is a total absence of a training department and constraints are imposed, even on management training and development, this situation leads to the creation of barriers. The theoretical framework from this project can be used in further research in other organisations, especially in Libya, to investigate barriers to training.

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Bellamy, Martin Clifford. "Cloud computing in the large scale organisation : potential benefits and overcoming barriers to deployment." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/30845.

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There are three focal questions addressed in this thesis: • Firstly whether large organisations, particularly public sector or governmental, can realise benefits by transitioning from the ICT delivery models prevalent in the late 2000s to use Cloud computing services? • Secondly, in what circumstances can the benefits best be realised, and how and when can the associated risk reward trade-off be managed effectively? • Thirdly, what steps can be taken to ensure maximum benefit is gained from using Cloud computing? This includes a consideration of the technical and organisational obstacles that need to be overcome to realise these benefits in large organisations. The potential benefits for organisations using Cloud computing services include cost reductions, faster innovation, delivery of modern information based services that meet consumers' expectations, and improved choice and affordability of specialist services. There are many examples of successful Cloud computing deployments in large organisations that are saving time and money, although in larger organisations these are generally in areas that do not involve use of sensitive information. Despite the benefits, by 2013 cloud computing services account for less than 5% most large organisations' ICT budgets. The key inhibitor to wider deployment is that use of Cloud computing services exposes organisations to new risks that can be costly to address. However, the level of cost reduction that can be attained means that progressive deployment of Cloud computing services seems inevitable. The challenge therefore is how best to manage the associated risks in an effective and efficient manner. This thesis considers the origin and benefits of Cloud computing, identifies the barriers to take up and explores how these can be overcome, and considers how cloud service brokerages can potentially develop further to close the gap by building new capabilities to accelerate take-up and benefits realisation.

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Skinner, Denise Olwyn. "Barriers to the evaluation of human resource management initiatives : three public sector case studies." n.p, 2000. http://library7.open.ac.uk/abstracts/page.php?thesisid=92.

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Mohamed, O. A. "Identifying the barriers affecting quality in maintenance within Libyan manufacturing organisations (public sector)." Thesis, University of Salford, 2005. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/2172/.

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This research is concerned with understanding a quality management system and its interaction with maintenance management activities within the organisation. The interaction between maintenance and quality, can lead to their integration with production. The second output of production is maintenance, whose output is increased production capacity. Both the production process and the quality of the maintenance work, which, in turn, affects equipment condition, affect the quality of final product. The thesis aims to identify the barriers and difficulties affecting quality in maintenance, within Libyan (public sector) manufacturing organisations. The specific objectives are derived to provide focus for the research activities, in order to fulfil the specific aim of the research in a structured and scientific manner. In order to achieve the thesis objectives, an empirically-based systems analysis of two case study organisations in the Libyan public manufacturing sector was carried out. Substantial field work was carried out using predominantly a qualitative approach. Qualitative data was collected by semi structured interview (from different levels of management and supervisors) to explore the quality management phenomena, and to provide a more holistic understanding through triangulation techniques of required and suitable data. This study has contributed to existing knowledge through getting an in-depth understanding of quality and maintenance issues. A specific definition of "quality in maintenance" was developed, common barriers of quality systems and the key factors of improving maintenance were summarised. Furthermore, by using the framework in figure 2.8 the enablers and inhibitors of quality in maintenance were demonstrated. This study is the first one that identified the unique barriers affecting quality in maintenance within the Libyan manufacturing organisations. These barriers are divided into three main kinds: the technical, economic barriers, managerial, organisational barriers, and cultural environmental barriers. The key findings of the research indicate that the case study organisations do not actively promote quality in the maintenance area that takes into consideration the influence of organisational, social, economic and political factors (change culture) on the quality of operations and performance inside the organisations.

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Park, Mi Sook. "Managing Competence Development Programs in a Cross-Cultural Organisation : What are the barriers and enablers?" Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, EISLAB - Economic Information Systems, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7570.

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During the past decade, research on competence development and cross-cultural organisation has been acknowledged both in academic circles and by industrial organisations. Cross-cultural organisations that have emerged through globalisation are a manifestation of the growing economic interdependence among countries. In cross-cultural organisations, competence development has become an essential strategic tool for taking advantage of the synergy effects of globalisation. The objective of this thesis is to examine how competence development programs are conducted and to identify barriers and enablers for the success of such programs, especially in a cross-cultural organisation.

To identify the processes involved in managing competence development programs in a cross-cultural organisation, a case study method was chosen. A total of 43 interviews and 33 surveys were held with participants, facilitators and managers in competence development programs at four units of IKEA Trading Southeast Asia located in Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia, respectively. In addition to the observations made on these four competence development programs, a study of the literature in related research areas was conducted. The interviews were held and the survey data collected in 2003 and 2004.

In the findings, the barriers identified were cultural differences, assumptions, language, and mistrust; the enablers were cultural diversity, motivation, management commitment, and communication. The conclusions are that competence development is a strategic tool for cross-cultural organisations and that it is extremely important to identify barriers to, and enablers of, successful competence development, and to eliminate the barriers and support the enablers right from the early stages of competence development programs.

Report Code: LIU-TEK-LIC-2006:44

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Park-Westman, Misook. "Managing competence development programs in a cross-cultural organisation : what are the barriers and enablers? /." Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7570.

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22

Binyelaiyel, Ammar. "The activities, drivers and barriers of 'electronic public service delivery' in Dubai's public organisations." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2012. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/47953/.

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The quest to transform the delivery of government services through innovative and electronic means has been embraced by public organisations worldwide in an ever rising phenomenon, sought after to reap some of the potentially rewarding benefits of the digitisation of government services. In this study, the author reports the experiences of four major public organisations in Dubai as its governing office have imposed a deadline for all of its public agencies to transform and deliver 100 per cent of their services electronically by the end of year 2009. Notably, despite the fact that worldwide reports have placed Dubai as the leader among its Arab peers in the provision of e-government services, technological infrastructures, government’s transparency and internet and mobile penetration rates. Yet, Dubai has missed its 2005 target of transforming 70 per cent of it services electronically facing a dilemma with its digital implementation efforts with achieving less than 45 per cent transformation rate. With e-government deployment failure rates reaching levels of 60 per cent worldwide, the challenges arising from the development of e-government initiatives have proven to be extensive. The complexity of the nature of e-government initiatives as well as the ambiguity surrounding its e-services development process makes reasonable justifications for the high failure rates associated with its deployment efforts all over the world and not just in Dubai. Furthermore, the lack of a universal model and theoretical studies to guide the deployment of this phenomenon have lead researchers and practitioners alike to focus their attention on finding ways and means of improving the adoption and implementation of e-government initiatives. Thus, it was established that it was necessary to find answers for the following questions: How are public organisations in Dubai are going about the diffusion of their egovernment initiatives and what determinates are necessary to be considered in the development process to achieve the initiatives’ success? In response to the aforementioned issues and in order to respond to the research’s objectives and questions, a theoretical framework guided by Roger’s (1995) Organisation Innovation Process theory and extended by Tornatzky and Fleisher’s Technological, Organisational, Environmental (1990) model have been developed to gain a holistic understanding of the phenomenon. The author reported using a multiple in-depth case study research design, drawing on empirical data from semi-structured interviews with e-government participants and gathering evidence from organisations’ documents and proceedings from local and regional Arabic e-government conferences, as well as on-site participants’ observations. This study documented the e-service development activities and identified the influential attributes driving the e-government phenomenon using both a descriptive and exploratory research strategy. Content analysis of the interview transcripts was used to extract answers given during the semi-structured interviews and to identify new themes that emerged from the data. Revision of research findings and comparison with literature have taken place from May, 2011 till April, 2012. The review has contributed to adding over 100 pages to the literature review chapter and over 20 pages to the final chapter of recommendation and conclusion. xi Upon the conclusion of the study’s data presentation and analysis, a further literature review has provided a significant improvement in refining the study’s conceptual framework. It has provides additional theoretical elaboration of key ideas, clearer definition and articulation of the e-services development process and contributed towards the formation of fourteen propositions. The empirical findings indicated three main stages (planning, transformation and deployment) similarly delineated by Rogers’ (1995) Organisation’s Adoption Process theory (initiation, adoption and implementation). However, the stages emerged in a more interactive looping patterns unlike Rogers’ linear model. Additionally, fourteen technological, organisational and environmental factors were indicated as being responsible for influencing the development process of e-services in Dubai public organisations. These propositions are to provide concerned academics with some guidance for further investigation into the e-services’ development practices in the region. This study also attempts to assist and guide government reformers, technological innovations’ team leaders and the implementing staff in Dubai in initiating, deploying, and sustaining their technologically integrated initiatives in a systemic and educated manner.

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Morris, Francine. "Exploring age norms and barriers in UK organisations : the critical case of mature graduates." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/exploring-age-norms-and-barriers-in-uk-organisations-the-critical-case-of-mature-graduates(31bb128d-8c1a-4f98-a185-c5f6bd3093e1).html.

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This thesis takes the critical case of mature graduates to explore whether or not embedded age norms in UK organisations create age barriers. Despite widespread discussions on demographic change and more diverse life courses, age has not received the attention given to other characteristics, in particular gender, class and ethnicity. Where age is addressed, the focus is mainly on older workers, and issues such as longer working lives. Mature graduates can be considered to challenge career age norm assumptions by seeking to reshape their careers through the acquisition of new skills and formal qualifications at a later than expected point in the life course but the barriers this group faces in pursuing these non-linear careers have yet to be analysed in depth. This thesis seeks to address these gaps in understanding age norms and barriers through analysis of interview data collected from 72 key actors, including mature students and graduates, HR managers, line managers, employees, graduate recruitment consultants and a trade union equality officer. The research involves three levels of analysis; the pre-entry stage to employment to explore career aspirations, expectations and choices; the entry stage to employment, analysed through a focus on the recruitment process into graduate training schemes; and the post-entry stage, that is through an investigation of organisational diversity policies and their implications for age norms and age barriers which may shape the working experiences of mature graduates. Throughout the research utilises an intersectional approach to difference and inequalities to reflect the reality of how age norms and barriers may intersect with other aspects of disadvantage and identities, thereby creating specific forms of age disadvantage that are difficult to explain by age alone. The first paper draws on interviews with mature graduates and students to explore the ways that the institutionalisation of age norms within education and labour market systems shapes their career aspirations prior to re-entering the labour market. Even though mature graduates recognised the presence of some age barriers in the labour market, they did not necessarily perceive themselves as victims of disadvantage. In particular women with children anticipated some constraints around their career choices, demonstrating the value of an intersectional lens on age norms and barriers. The most frequently perceived disadvantage related to age norms around graduate work. This issue is explored further in the second paper, which applies Acker’s inequality regimes framework to age barriers in the recruitment process for graduate training programmes through interviews with key agents in addition to mature graduates. Age norms in the recruitment process are found to be perpetuated by organisational pressures on recruitment managers and consultants, the construction of graduate jobs and the perceptions and actions of mature graduates themselves. Notions of graduate jobs were found to be openly constructed around young graduate workers, revealing that discrimination by age is still largely seen as legitimate in recruitment. More indirect age barriers were also found interweaved with gender, ethnicity and class, including notions of flexible working or mobility needs. Finally, the third paper draws on a reformulated version of Liff’s diversity policy framework to consider how two organisations, one public sector and one private sector, are responding to age as a protected characteristic. Approaches to age difference were found to be complex and often lacked coherence. In the private sector organisation, in the few instances where age was recognised as an issue, the driver was the narrow business benefits to be derived from utilizing age differences. In the public sector organisation, business case approaches coexisted with a residual social justice approach, reflecting wider diversity policies more aligned with an equal opportunities approach, such that age differences were valued not simply utilised. Taken as whole, the evidence at the three different levels suggests that not only is the institutionalisation of age norms still relatively strong, at least within the graduate labour market, but also that age as a form of diversity policy remains in its infancy and requires more attention in terms of its conceptualisation, theorisation and practical application in organisations.

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Bernecker, Benoît. "Formation de structures et phénomènes d'auto-organisation dans les décharges à barrière diélectrique." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1062/.

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Le plasma d'une décharge à barrière diélectrique (DBD) opérant dans un régime transitoire de décharge luminescente à haute pression présente dans la plupart des conditions une structure filamentaire. Cette structure filamentaire est souvent d'aspect chaotique, mais dans certaines conditions les filaments forment des motifs auto-organisés qui sont typiques des systèmes de réaction-diffusion. Le but de cette thèse est d'analyser les mécanismes de formation des motifs dans les DBD sur la base des simulations numériques et des expériences. Des expériences ont été réalisées pour deux configurations différentes d'électrode. Dans la première configuration, on peut observer les motifs en 2D au travers des électrodes transparentes. Dans la deuxième configuration, les électrodes sont linéaires ce qui permet d'observer des motifs en 1D. L'évolution spatiotemporelle de la décharge filamentaire a été analysée avec une caméra ICCD. Des modèles de décharge simples basés sur des mécanismes fondamentaux, c. -à-d. Transport de dérive-diffusion couplé à l'équation de Poisson, émission secondaire par impact d'ion et ionisation en volume, peuvent reproduire, au moins qualitativement, un certain nombre d'observations expérimentales (structure hexagonale, nid d'abeilles). Une nouvelle structure, prédite par le modèle, a été observée dans les expériences, nous appelons cette structure : la structure quinconce. Les résultats du modèle montrent l'importance de la localisation de la densité d'ion résiduelle dans l'espace à la fin d'une demi-période. Ce mécanisme joue un rôle important dans les aspects dynamiques comme la fusion, la division ou le déplacement des filaments
The plasma of dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) operating in a transient glow discharge regime at high pressure exhibits under most conditions a filamentary structure. This filamentary structure is often chaotic in appearance, but under specific conditions the filaments form self-organized patterns that are typical of reaction-diffusion systems. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the mechanisms of pattern formation in DBDs on the basis of numerical simulations and experiments. Experiments have been performed for two different electrode configurations of DBDs. In the first configuration, 2D patterns can be observed through the transparent electrodes. In the second configuration, the electrodes are linear and 1D patterns can be observed. The space and time evolution of the filamentary discharges was analysed with an ICCD camera in both configurations. Simple discharge models based on fundamental mechanisms, i. E. Drift-diffusion transport coupled with Poisson's equation, secondary emission by ion impact and volume ionization can reproduce, at least qualitatively, a number of experimental observations (e. G hexagonal structure, honeycomb structure). An unexpected structure was predicted by the model and observed in experiments, we call this structure the quincunx structure. In this filamentary structure, the filaments of two successive half-cycles are not aligned but are shifted by half a spatial period. The model results show the importance of the localization of the remaining ion density in the gap at the end of a half-cycle. This mechanism plays an important role in some aspects of dynamical behaviour like merging, division or motion of filaments

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Öhrn, Nicole, and Nikolina Johnston. "Från idé till handling : En fallstudie om de största barriärerna till en lyckad implementering av centrala mångfaldsinitiativ i en stor organisation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-227076.

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Allt fler organisationer strävar idag efter att skapa mångfald på arbetsplatsen. Tidigare forskning indikerar positiva effekter för de organisationer som har lyckats med implementeringen av mångfaldsinitiativ, såsom förbättrat finansiellt resultat och ökade marknadsandelar till följd av en bredare kundbas. Implementeringen av mångfaldsinitiativ är dock förknippad med en hel del svårigheter. Tidigare studier har bland annat visat att organisationens storlek, begränsad tillgång till resurser och en oförmåga att acceptera mångfaldsinitiativ kan utgöra barriärer till en lyckad implementering. Syftet med studien är således att utforska de största barriärerna till att implementera centrala mångfaldsinitiativ i en stor organisation. Resultatet av studien ger stöd för tidigare forskning samt belyser nya barriärer som kan utgöra hinder vid implementeringen av mångfaldsinitiativ. De barriärer som upplevdes som störst var en oförmåga att förstå mångfald, olika typer av rädsla hos organisationens medlemmar och brist på engagemang hos högsta ledningen. Studien ämnar även ge förslag på hur organisationer kan komma över de största barriärerna. Resultatet av studien visar att både inspirerande och styrande lösningar kan fungera som potentiella lösningar men att det troligen krävs en balans mellan dessa.

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Dill, Hayley. "Advantages, enablers and barriers to implementing circular economic principles in South African financial services organisations." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/59821.

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There has been a growing call from academics and society asking companies, especially manufacturing firms, to adopt more sustainable business practices and one potential solution could be the circular economy. New technology based companies are disrupting traditional businesses, the world is becoming more populous, placing a large burden on the earth's already stretched non-renewable resources and in addition, the world economy is volatile at present. It is proposed that the implementation of circular economic principles could lead to greater re-use, reducing the need for virgin materials, lowering the burden on the world's natural resources while at the same time increasing employment opportunities in the remanufacturing space and providing companies with more operational flexibility. This research aims to establish whether adopting circular economic principles in the financial services industry could provide these companies with a mechanism to be more sustainable and sufficiently agile in order to remain competitive in the current economic climate.
Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
nk2017
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted

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Markoczy, Livia Anna. "Barriers to shared belief : the role of strategic interest, managerial characteristics and organisational factors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336399.

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Vermeulen, Jacomina Hendrina. "Identifying structural barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6539.

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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The topic of antiretroviral adherence remains a subject of continued importance, as it is associated with positive health outcomes amongst patients attending public healthcare facilities. Available literature on adherence behaviour mainly focuses on the psychological and behavioural barriers, while overlooking the multitude of structural barriers within the patient’s environment affecting the patient’s adherence to antiretroviral treatment and care. The present study provides a unique perspective on adherence behaviour amongst persons living with HIV and receiving antiretroviral treatment, as it identifies important structural barriers to clinical attendance and pill-taking. The sample for this study were selected from patients attending an infectious diseases clinic at a major peri-urban secondary hospital and receiving antiretroviral therapy, nurses and doctors providing health services to patients, and patient advocates providing psychosocial support to patients under the auspices of a local non-governmental organisation. The participants included in this study were selected by means of convenience sampling to participate either in semi structured interviews or focus group discussions. Participants were assured of the confidentiality of the process and their anonymity in both cases. Both semi structured interviews and focus groups were digitally recorded and transcribed after which transcriptions were entered into Atlas.ti for textual analysis. Transcriptions were thematically analysed according to the perceptions of various participants. The main themes that emerged from the present study included individual barriers, poverty-related barriers, institutionrelated barriers, and social and community-related barriers. The results of the present study were triangulated by considering the concurrences and discrepancies between the patients, clinicians and patient advocates on the main, and subthemes. These themes were then discussed according to Bronfenbrenner’s (1972) Ecological Systems Theory, which divided the main themes identified according to the different systems operating within the patient’s environment, i.e. the micro-, exo-, and macrosystem. The microsystem included both individual psychological and behavioural barriers and poverty-related barriers. Institutional barriers were considered within the exosystem of the patient’s ecological environment. And the social and community-related barriers were considered within the macrosystem of the patient’s ecological environment. The significance of this study lies in the identification of adherence behaviour as the product of the patient’s environment through the examination of triangulated data. Future research may include effective ways in which patients can be assisted in developing the necessary skills to cope with their environment and to enhance social support. The development of strategies to support newly-enrolled patients also still needs investigation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Volgehoue antiretrovirale behandeling bly ‘n onderwerp van voortdurende belang omdat dit geassosieer word met positiewe gesondheidsuitkomste onder pasiënte wat van openbare gesondheidsfasiliteite gebruik maak. Beskikbare literatuur oor volhoudings gedrag fokus grootliks op sielkundige en gedragshindernisse, terwyl veelvuldige strukturelehindernisse binne die pasiënt se omgewing steeds misgekyk word. Dié studie bied ‘n unieke perspektief op volhoudingsgedrag onder MIV-positiewe pasiënte wat tans antiretrovirale terapie ontvang, aangesien dit belangrike strukturele hindernisse tot kliniek bywoning en die neem van medikasie identifiseer. Dié steekproef sluit pasiënte in wat tans antiretrovirale terapie by ‘n aansteeklike siektes-kliniek by ‘n peri-stedelike sekondêre hospitaal ontvang. Dit sluit ook dokters en verpleegsters in wat gesondheidsdienste aan dié pasiënte verskaf, en pasiënt- advokate wat psigo-sosiale ondersteuning aan pasiënte verskaf onder die vaandel van ‘n plaaslike nieregerings organisasie. Dié deelnemers is deur middel van gerieflikheidssteekproef geselekteer om aan semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude of fokusgroepbesprekings deel te neem. Deelnemers van albei groepe is van hul anonimiteit en die vertroulikheid van die proses verseker. Beide die semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude en die fokusgroepbesprekings is digitaal opgeneem en transkripsies is daarvan gemaak, waarna die transkripsies in Atlas.ti gelaai is vir tekstuele analise. Transkripsies is tematies geanaliseer volgens die persepsies van die verskeie deelnemers. Die hooftemas wat na vore gekom het, sluit in individuele hindernisse, armoedeverwante hindernisse, institusieverwante hindernisse asook sosiale en gemeenskapsverwante hindernisse. Resultate van dié studie is getrianguleer deur die verskille en ooreenkomste te vind tussen pasiënte, klinici en pasiënt-advokate oor die hoof- en subtemas. Die hooftemas is toe volgens Bronfenbrenner (1972) se Ekologiese Sistemeteorie verdeel in die verskillende sisteme teenwoording in die pasiënt se omgewing, naamlik die mikro-, ekso-, en makrosisteem. Die mikrosisteem het individuele sielkundige en gedragshindernisse asook die armoedeverwante hindernisse ingesluit. Institusieverwante hindernisse is binne die eksosisteem van die pasiënt se ekologiese omgewing beskou en sosiale en gemeenskapsverwante hindernisse is beskou binne die makrosisteem van die pasiënt se ekologiese omgewing. Die belang van dié studie lê in die identifisering van volhoudingsgedrag as produk van die pasiënt se omgewing, soos beskou deur die Ekologiese Sistemeteorie. Toekomstige navorsing kan fokus op effektiewe maniere waarop pasiënte bygestaan kan word om die nodige vaardighede te ontwikkel om hul omgewing beter te kan hanteer en beskikbare sosiale ondersteuning te kan verbeter. Die ontwikkeling van strategieë om nuwe pasiënte by te staan, benodig ook verdere navorsing.

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Felix, Alison. "An investigation into the perceptions of internal and external career barriers amongst female South African police officers in the Western Cape." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10481.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-145).
This research explores the perceptions of internal and external career barriers from the perspective of female South African police officers in the Western Cape. This research is primarily informed by Swanson and Woitke's (1997) translation of career assessment theory into practice for women; Swanson, Daniels and Tokar's (1996) focus on the perceptions of career-related barriers and Bandura's (1977, 1986, 1988, 1995 & 1997) research findings that relate to the construct of self-efficacy and beliefs that individuals hold about their own capabilities. The research provides an overview of Career Development theories.

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Golander, Anton, and Benjamin Blom. "Drivkraft och hinder : En studie om förändring av styrmetod i en offentlig organisation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176579.

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De senaste decenniernas ökade globalisering och konkurrensutsättning har inneburit högre krav på styrmetoder hos såväl privata som offentliga organisationer. Innes & Mitchell (1990) har utvecklat en modell för förändringar i styrmetod (på engelska management accounting change) som Cobb, et al. (1995) och Kasurinen (2002) sedan vidareutvecklat. Denna modell beskriver vad som på företagsnivå driver förändring i styrmetod och vilka barriärer som organisationen måste övervinna för att lyckas med förändringen. Offentliga organisationer styrs ofta av andra mål än privata organisationer vars mål många gånger är att tjäna pengar. I vår studie undersöker vi om det, trots skillnaderna på organisationstyp, går att tillämpa Kasurinens (2002) modell på en offentlig organisation. Detta görs genom att studera införandet av Balanserat styrkort i den offentliga organisationen Ålands hälso- och sjukvård. Vi kommer fram till att modellen kan beskriva förändringen i styrmetod i den studerade organisationen. Mer forskning behöver dock genomföras för att säga om våra slutsatser är applicerbara på alla offentliga organisationer. Vår studie argumenterar även för att ledares roll i förändring av styrmetod kan vara större än vad som framgått av Kasurinens (2002) modell.

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Hart, Susan. "Organisational barriers and facilitators to the effective operation of Random Breath Testing (RBT) in Queensland." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16451/.

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Random breath testing (RBT) is one of the most successful drink driving countermeasures employed by police in Australia. Its success over the years has been evidenced by reductions in drink driving behaviour, reductions in alcohol-related crashes and fatal crashes and a corresponding community-wide increase in the disapproval of drink driving. Although a great deal of research has been able to highlight the relationship between increased police enforcement and road safety benefits, little is known about the organisational factors that assist or hinder the management and operation of RBT. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the perceived barriers and facilitators to the effective operation of RBT in the Queensland Police Service (QPS). Findings will have human resource implications for the QPS and will highlight areas that are currently functioning effectively.----- Study One involved 22 semi-structured interviews with 36 QPS managers involved in the day-to-day organisation and delivery of RBT operations. Managers were recruited with assistance from members of the QPS's State Traffic Support Branch. The interviews were approximately one hour long and involved exploration of the perceptions of managers involved in the planning and delivery of RBT operations using the concept of organisational alignment to structure the interviews. The results revealed that RBT management activity is facilitated by a range of factors, including: the belief in the importance of RBT; belief that the purpose of RBT has both a deterrent function and a detection function; the increasing use of intelligence to guide RBT strategies; the increasing use of RBT to support other crime reduction strategies; and a genuine desire to improve the current state of affairs. However, a number of apparent barriers to the effective operation of RBT were identified. These included concern about the strategy of the 1.1 testing strategy (i.e. conducting the equivalent of one test per licensed driver per annum), a misunderstanding of the role of general and specific deterrence and a lack of feedback in relation to the success of RBT.----- The second study involved a questionnaire that was distributed to a random sample of 950 operational police stratified across the regions who are responsible for undertaking RBT on a regular basis. There were 421 questionnaires returned representing a response rate of 44%. Questionnaires were also based on the concepts and constructs of organisational alignment and explored perceptions, beliefs and self- reported behaviour of officers. The results revealed that facilitating factors included a belief in QPS ownership of the RBT program, the agreement that the RBT vision includes road safety goals and apprehension goals, and overall motivation, support and belief in their capability to carry out RBT duties. Barriers included perceived strain related to the 1:1 testing strategy, the lack of feedback in relation to the success of RBT, misunderstanding about the role of deterrence and lack of rewards for participating in RBT duties.----- The results of both studies have implications for the planning and operation of RBT in the QPS. While the findings revealed that there were many aspects of the RBT program that were currently aligned with best practice guidelines, there are areas of misalignment. In particular, the main areas of misalignment included concern about the strain caused by the current 1:1 testing strategy, a lack of feedback about the success of RBT and a lack of education of the nature and role of deterrence in road safety and RBT operations in particular.

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Schwedler, Moritz von. "Business and sustainable development : An investigation of the drivers and barriers of implmentation and practices within organisations." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527237.

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Sharif, I. M. "The barriers affecting the implementation of quality management system-ISO 9000 in Libyan manuafacturing public sector organisations." Thesis, University of Salford, 2005. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26909/.

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The number of organisations with ISO 9000 certification over the world has increased dramatically in the last decade in developed and developing nations. The new standard ISO 9001:2000 is a way for an organisation to manage internal and external customer satisfaction and demonstrate continuous improvement. In Libya four Manufacturing Public Sector Organisations (LMPS0s) have got ISO 9000 certification, for exporting their products to reduce Libya's reliance on oil revenue. The low number of certified LMPSOs suggests that there are barriers affecting these organisations achieving ISO 9000 certification. In similar countries, for example, UAE they have more than nine hundred organisations registered with the certification. Therefore the aim of this research was "to identify and analyse the barriers that affect the implementation of a quality management system (QMS-ISO 9000 in Libyan Manufacturing Public Sector Organisations (LMPS0s))". From the literature review many barriers faced by many organisations, from different countries around the world, in their implementation process, were identified. Also, a conceptual framework was developed. There is a lack of empirical research on barriers affecting the new standard implementation, and the number of studies in Arabic countries is very limited with respect to the available literature in Western countries. To get an in-depth understanding of the barriers affecting LMPS0s, two case studies were carried out. A comprehensive list and in-depth understanding of barriers was identified by this research. Some of them (19) were identified as being unique to the Libyan culture in that they have not been reported before in the literature. Some of them are similar to barriers reported in Arabic (20), Islamic (19), Western (20) and other countries (32) such as Asian and South American countries. Therefore, this research makes a contribution to this area by adding to the limited literature. Another contribution of this research is that it has specifically filled the gap in knowledge in Libyan studies and in Arabic studies in general. Some recommendations for further research have been derived from this research.

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Garnett, Andrea. "Creativity barriers in South African higher education institution / Andrea Garnett." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2365.

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Bellefleur, Dean. "The Psychology Driving&Barriers to Skunk Work Project." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2784.

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The Psychology Driving and Barriers to Skunk Work Projects (referred to throughout this thesis as the paper) represents a study predominantly on Tetra Pak from a selective perspective, the innovators. Innovators both past&present whose initiatives contribute to the well being of Tetra Pak as well as one from Ericsson were consulted. As with individuals, organizations possess definable characters that are influenced by the various stages of their life cycle. Theories of corporate life cycle phases and organizational character analysis were therefore employed to identify and explain organizational barriers to skunk work leaders&managers. Predicated on the Organizational Character Index survey developed by William Bridges PhD (himself a recognized leader in the field of transition management) and administered to sixty-one managers within a Tetra Pak business unit established the benchmark. The organizational character was identified and expressed as Myers-Briggs Personality Type ISFP (introverted - sensing - feeling - perceiving). Benchmark in hand, it was then to ascertain the barriers or resistance that skunk work leaders&managers encounter when promoting new ideas. The diversity of the barriers led to the clustering of nine categories compiled from the skunk leaders personal interviews. The nine categories are assumptions, change, communication, competences, culture shift, human dynamics, management, sponsorship and vision. In addition the six interviewees assisted in determining that Tetra Pak business unit had reached the end of a Mature&Consolidating phase of its’ organizational life cycle according to Larraine Segil’s definition. The perception however is that Tetra Pak business unit is already in the declining phase, descriptive of a phase in transition. Bearing in mind that this view of Tetra Pak is shared by a select few of highly regarded innovators and does not represent a collective perception of Tetra Pak. Triangulation of the findings supported the hypothesis (H1). In identifying both the organizational character and stage of its’ life cycle it is possible to diagnose&subsequently engineer an environment for innovation. It was understood that the initiative is to be management supported. This paper concludes with the realization that the resources&knowledge leading to innovation exist. Further it suggests how to foster a corporate innovative culture by championing an environmental climate for innovation.

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Hay, Deborah. "Tenant involvement in the organisational structures of housing associations in england : exploring the barriers 2000-2008." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3595.

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This thesis explores the barriers to effective tenant involvement at an organisational level in housing associations by tracking, over a long period of time, the experience of tenants who get involved in the forums, panels and boards of housing associations. The focus of the research is the relationship between the tenants and the professional staff, in corporate environments where delivery of a user-focused service is purported to be the shared goal. The aim has been to explore with tenants and staff their experiences of trying to make tenant involvement work at a strategic level within the organisation. My research seeks (a) to unravel the methods used by the different actors to influence activities and outcomes, and (b) to examine their effects on the power balance in and between the groups of people in question. Clegg’s 1989 ‘Circuits of power’ theory is used to plot and analyse the processes involved in the transformation (or not) of power within the culture and practice of tenant involvement and the empowerment (or not) of the tenants who work with staff at the heart of these corporate cultures. In addition I use Somerville’s 1998 typology of empowerment to illustrate the potential for organisational change. I gather a wide range of material, using a detailed questionnaire, 17 case studies plus a further three of national level involvement initiatives, and an analysis of 112 Housing Corporation and Audit Commission inspection reports (from 2003 and 2008). To this I add my own experience as a participant observer in a range of settings over the period. This thesis is intended to shed some light on why the same barriers continue to exist and why so many involved tenants and their housing associations are still struggling to make involvement really make a difference at this level, despite a decade of intensive regulations and inspection of involvement activities.

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Fraser, Jessica. "Beyond supply chain management investigating the extent of barriers to internet usage within South African organisations' supply chains /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08042008-185616/.

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Fraser, Jessica Felicity Esther. "Beyond supply chain management : investigating the extent of barriers to internet usage within South African organisations' supply chains." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27002.

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This research study seeks to identify possible barriers that may exist within supply chain organisations and prevent the full acceptance, integration and utilisation of Internet based information system technologies, as is required by the new information age. The barriers can possibly be behavioural in nature (in measuring the use of information technology applications), psychological (dealing with perceptions) or be based on organisational policies and technical know-how. By conducting an empirical research investigation into the perceptions of users at different levels of supply chain management activity, the intention is to help organisations capitalise on their investment in information technology systems by identifying barriers to its usage after implementation. The hypothesis is derived from existing literature about business organisations‘ experiences and best practices, albeit it beyond the borders of South Africa. The respondents’ perspective is tested in a questionnaire to determine the level of organisational Internet based SCM integration and information sharing in the current South African market. This survey was conducted over a period of four months and targeted 2568 respondents. Both qualitative and quantitative data analyses were used to improve the value of research findings. The value of this research investigation is to assist South African supply chain management practitioners and researchers in competing with global players, since competitive advantage depends on competent supply chains in today’s digital economy, according to Philip Kotler (2001: 3). All the research objectives were achieved from the research sample data analysis. From the empirical research, the findings concern their search for lower prices, the payment receipt of money electronically and their order placement amongst others. The two underlying constructs that govern respondents’ SC interaction and in particular their information sharing activities are confidence and confidentiality, however the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. The results of this study and the contribution to the multi-discipline research area could be improved by future studies taking an even larger sample of the sample population to include more heterogeneous technology users in the study. This could facilitate the extrapolation of the results to the South African SCM market with more certainty.
Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Business Management
MCom
unrestricted

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El-Mekawy, Mohamed Sobih Aly. "From Theory to Practice of Business-IT Alignment : Barriers, an Evaluation Framework and Relationships with Organisational Culture." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för data- och systemvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-129143.

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Business-IT alignment (BITA) continues to be a top management concern. It generally refers to a preferred condition in which the relationship between business and IT is optimised to maximise the business value of IT. Early approaches in both research and practice have focused on the role of IT in supporting business strategies. Today, a more extended approach of BITA has been embraced that recognises soft factors that are related to people and culture issues at both tactical and operational levels of organisations. ‘Why alignment is important’ is not the crucial question today. In fact ‘how it can be achieved and matured’ is the real concern of business executives. There exists a number of theoretical models for conceptualising BITA, however, they have different focuses and contain different BITA components. Therefore, there is a need for a means of supporting practitioners for selecting an appropriate model. Furthermore, there is a need for a more practice-oriented research that target higher maturity of BITA by understanding the organisational context, including barriers that hinders BITA and the mutual relationships between organisational culture and BITA. Thus, the overall problem addressed in the thesis is the following: In spite of extensive literature on business-IT alignment, there is still limited maturity of business-IT alignment in practice due to the limited knowledge on barriers that hinder BITA achievement from practitioners’ perspective, on the means for supporting the selection of an appropriate model for assessing BITA, and on mutual relationships between BITA and organisational culture. Based on this research problem, five research objectives were developed. The first two objectives corresponded to barriers to achieving BITA and supporting the selection of BITA model respectively. The remaining three objectives corresponded to the two unidirectional influences between BITA and organisational culture (OC) and to the mutual relationships between them respectively. Different research methodologies and strategies were applied to achieve the research objectives, including qualitative and quantitative studies as well as design science. The results presented in the thesis, each corresponding to an objective, are the following: A list of barriers that practitioners can use as a basis for better achievement of BITA, a better focus on strategic vs. tactical barriers, and their relationships to BITA components. An evaluation framework that supports practitioners in selecting appropriate BITA models for assessing and modelling BITA. An extended version of the strategic alignment model (SAM) of Luftman (2000), which considers organisational culture. An analysis of the impact of BITA components on organisational culture profiles. A BITA-organisational culture integrated view that supports decision-makers in facilitating decisions regarding both BITA and organisational culture. The results of the research provide both theoretical and empirical contributions to the business-IT alignment research and practice.
MIT

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Hopf, Susanne. "Fragebogen zur Identifikation von Wissensbarrieren in Organisationen (WiBa)." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16173.

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Das vorliegende Instrument – der Fragebogen zur Identifikation von Wissensbarrieren (WiBa) – misst den Umgang mit Wissen und Wissensbarrieren in Organisationen. Es lehnt sich in seiner Struktur an die Bausteine des Wissensmanagements von Probst, Raub und Romhardt (1997, 2006) an, die eine Art Lebenslauf von Wissen abbilden. Die 14 Skalen des Fragebogens decken die Themenfelder transaktives Wissen, Informationsverlust, interne Wissensbeschaffung, externe Wissensbeschaffung, Bedeutung von Wissensmanagement, Informationsspeicherung, Betriebsblindheit und mangelnde Aufmerksamkeit, mangelhafte Darstellung und Missverständnisse, Misstrauen und Mikropolitik, Übergabeprozesse, Informationsfluss, Kommunikationsklima, Lernkultur sowie Verbesserungsbedarf ab. Neben geschlossenen Fragen (Ratingskala, siebenstufig) gibt es auch einige offene Fragen. Der WiBa-Fragebogen sieht sich als Beitrag zur so genannten dritten Generation des Wissensmanagements. Auf Grund der Entwicklung unserer Gesellschaft von einer Produktions- zu einer Wissensgesellschaft gilt Wissen als die zentrale Ressource eines Unternehmens, die in der Regel noch nicht optimal ausgeschöpft wird. Zur Verbesserung werden oft gängige Wissensmanagement-Standardmaßnahmen blind ergriffen, die die vorhandenen Schwächen nicht im Kern treffen und daher auch ihre Wirkung nicht entfalten. Stattdessen ist die Entwicklung passgenauer, auf die aktuellen Bedürfnisse des Unternehmens abgestimmter Maßnahmen notwendig. Der WiBa-Fragebogen ermöglicht die dafür erforderliche Bestimmung des Ist-Zustandes im Umgang mit Wissen, indem er ein Stärken- und Schwächenprofil ausgibt. Er schließt damit eine Lücke in der bisherigen Landschaft der Diagnostik-Instrumente. Neben den Ergebnissen von explorativen Experten-Interviews flossen auch Erkenntnisse aus der Forschungsliteratur und ausgewählte Fragen aus anderen Instrumenten in die Item-Generierung ein. Im Rahmen von drei Erhebungswellen wurden insgesamt 1.256 Mitarbeiter mit dem WiBa-Fragebogen befragt. Das nun vorliegende Instrument ist objektiv, reliabel und valide. Insbesondere eine umfangreiche Prüfung der Kriteriums- und Konstruktvalidität konnte durch die Hinzunahme von anderen Erhebungsinstrumenten (zu den Themenfeldern Arbeitszufriedenheit, Arbeitsbeschreibung, Organisationskultur und Vorgesetztenverhalten) und durch Prüfung von Zusammenhängen mit demografischen Variablen und Unternehmensmerkmalen erreicht werden. Die stichprobenstarken Erhebungen führten dazu, dass ein erster Grundstock an Benchmark-Werte vorliegt.
The Questionnaire for the Identification of Knowledge Barriers (WiBa) measures the handling of knowledge within companies and organizations. The WiBa-questionnaire’s structure is inspired by the knowledge cycle of Probst, Raub and Romhardt (1997, 2006) which describes a lifecycle of knowledge. The fourteen scales include the topics: transactive knowledge, loss of information, internal knowledge acquisition, external knowledge acquisition, meaning of knowledge management, storage of information, professional blindness and lack of awareness, poor description and misunderstanding, mistrust and micropolitics, handover processes, information flow, climate of communication, learning culture and need for improvement. The questionnaire primarily includes questions rated on a seven point scale but also a small number of open questions. The WiBa-questionnaire is part of the so called third generation of knowledge management: Because our society has changed from a production-based to a knowledge-based society, knowledge is one of the most important resources for companies. Yet it is frequently not used as effectively as it could be. In trying to alleviate this, companies often blindly implement standard actions that do not exactly match the companies’ needs and therefore do not work. Instead it is crucial to implement actions that precisely fit the weaknesses and particularities of the company. In order to do that, an analysis of the actual handling of knowledge in the company is needed – this can be done by the WiBa-questionnaire. The output of this questionnaire consists of a profile of knowledge-strengths and knowledge-weaknesses. The questionnaire thereby closes a gap among in the currently available diagnostic tools. There were three sources for the development of items: first, explorative expert interviews, second, results from research and third, other questionnaires. In the sequence of three surveys a total of 1.256 employees took part. The WiBa-questionnaire is objective, reliable and valid. Especially criteria-validity and construct-validity were proven by checking the interrelations with other questionnaires (work satisfaction, work description, organizational culture and behavior of the superior) and with demographic variables and attributes of the company. Because of the large number of participants in the surveys, there is a basis of benchmark data available.

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Alsharif, Mohammed Ambarak. "Improving sustainability on university campuses in Saudi Arabia : an assessment of organisational and decision-related opportunities and barriers." Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/78145/.

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Sustainability is a very broad term which encompasses a variety of principles, concepts and practices -the majority of which are concerned with reducing negative impacts on the natural environmentand encouraging the more judicious and careful utilization of natural resources. For the purposes of this thesis the main aspects of sustainability being focused on, in the context of university campuses, relate primarily to organisational and infrastructural/ technological change -particularly with regard to energy efficiency and the organisation's overall carbon footpri nt. The decision-making approaches associated with (and ramifications of) those changes are also of central interest. To a lesserextent, but still incorporated as part of the research study, is the important issue of social engagement in the adoption of pro-environmental practices at HEIs in Saudi Arabia. The central aim of this PhD is to explore the extent to which planning and action on sustainability by Facilities and project management (F&PM) decision makers within HEIls in Saudi Arabia is currently being made -and to examine the opportunities and challenges associated with encouraging and enabling further progress to this end. This aim was addressed through the investigation of several key interrelated factors including: • The influence of decision makers' personal knowledge and perceptions within F&PM departments regarding sustainability; • The constraints faced by F&PM decision makers with regard to the promotion of sustainability on campus; and • The influence and impact of organisational factors that relate to the success orfailure of implementing initiatives designedto improve the overall sustainability'status' ofa Saudi university campus. This exploration was supported by the developmentof a theoretical framework that draws on the methods and techniques of rational choice theory (RCT) and organisational change theory (OCT). In order to provide depth of insight and understanding the research adopts a predominantly qualitative and exploratory case study approach with the administration of face-to-face semi-structured interviews forming the primary technique for gathering information on the perspective of representative decision makers from within F&PM departments in selected Saudi universities. The rationale forthe sampling strategy is explained in the methodology chapter (Chapter 4) of this thesis. A total of eight universities were included in the first, exploratory phase of the research programme. From these, three cases were selected to form the main focus for the study -each representing one of the triad of prevailing university 'types' in the Kingdom as revealed inthe exploration phase (i.e.:( 1) well-established institutions; (2) affiliated institutions that later became independent; and (3) emerging institutions). Findings from the interviews are subjected to a rigorous comparative analysis involving, discursive synthesis ofthe chiefinfluential and prevalent principles, practice and culture. The research reveals mixed levels of prevailing knowledge and awareness towards sustainability among F&PM decision makers within the case study university campuses -but nevertheless with a general sense of urgency and importance attached to the issues by the majority of those taking part. Most participants shared similar concerns relating to their perceived importance of sustainability in terms of the university's physical capital and social activities. There was noticeable variation in respect ofawareness and knowledge between the interests and preferences of F&PM decision makers and university senior management decision makers, which the findings clearly demonstrate often lead to less tangible support being afforded to environmental/sustainability issues compared with a range of other competing priorities. Cost visibly came across as a dominant influence on F&PM decision makers' choices and decisions, and it undoubtedly plays an important role in shaping decision¬making process alongside other key organisational factors such as structure, decision-making leadership and the prevailing institutional culture . A number of barriers facing the incorporation of sustainability emerged with clarity. These include(i) lack of sustainability knowledge and awareness among senior management; (ii) lack ofsupportive leadership; and (iii) an absence of sustainability-related legislation policy or strategic direction in the HEIs concerned. Overall the research carried out for this PhD highl ights the organisational and decision-related restrictions that currently serve to impede a more progressive transition of Saudi HElstowards pragmatic action for enabling on-campus sustainability. The noticeable exception to this trend is demonstrated in one of the case study universities, where a combination of proactive leadership and the formation of a dedicated sustainability department has served to improve the ability of F&PM decision makers to pursue a strategic programme of practical sustainability initiatives across the campus. Drawingon the enabling factors demonstrated here - as well as the constraining/inhibiting factors highlighted in the research brings together a 'model' model for designing and delivering successful sustainability strategies on HEI campuses across Saudi Arabia.

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Walsh, Kerry J. "What are the barriers to implementing and sustaining an electronic adverse incident recording and reporting management system in an acute healthcare organisation?" Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2012. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18701.

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Patient safety is an important topic for policy makers, health service clinicians and managers, and researchers. One way that many organisations are trying to improve patient safety is by incident reporting but they are meeting with limited success. The question this dissertation investigates is "What are the barriers to implementing and sustaining an Electronic Adverse Incident Reporting and Recording System in an acute healthcare environment?" As part of answering that question, this dissertation develops a socio-technical systems model of those barriers. A mixed methods approach (questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews) was used to investigate the research question. By triangulating the findings from the questionnaire and interview studies, one technical barrier and three socio-barriers were identified. The technical barrier was Information and Technology, and the three socio-barriers were: 1) Attitudes and Values, 2) Training, Staffing and Skills, and 3) Leadership and Feedback. A model was then proposed which posits that the three socio-barriers interact with each other as part of the socio sub-system and that the socio sub-system interacts with the technical sub-system to form a socio-technical system. The overarching implication of the proposed model is that an NHS organization cannot just purchase a commercial Electronic Adverse Incident Reporting and Recording System and expect improvements in patient safety. The principle of joint optimization requires that changes to the socio- and / or technical sub-system be considered concurrently. The proposed model offers opportunities for future research such as investigating barriers to reporting in other national healthcare contexts and other high risk industries.

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Butler, Lynne Margaret. "Navigating the aid world: barriers to the effective participation of local NGOs in the post-conflict environment of Timor-Leste." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Social Sciences, 2008. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=120240.

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This thesis presents an ethnographic study of a small local non-government organisation (NGO) negotiating its way through the complex, multi-layered, postconflict, post-emergency environment of Timor-Leste. This is an environment that remains dominated by the aid industry, an industry that initially came to restore order and provide humanitarian support in the violent aftermath of the 1999 independence vote and stayed on to build a new Timor, in many ways created in its own image. In this environment a small local NGO struggled to maintain not only its vision and mission, but to fit within a new set of externally imposed conditions and regulations in order to serve its communities' needs.
Using ethnographic data gathered in the field over eleven months, this study paints a picture of a post-emergency environment on the ground and in the daily life of a local NGO within that environment. Combining ethnographic and interview data from local and international aid and development practitioners, the study also identifies the internal and external challenges faced by the local NGO in navigating its way through this environment. The internal challenges faced are largely in response to externally imposed conditions, and include the adaptation to new language and communication technologies, new styles of leadership and organisation management, new financial accountability processes and procedures. All of these challenges are coupled with the lack of experienced and skilled staff. The external issues relate to interactions and relationships the local NGO has with the aid industry, and the issues arising out of these engagements including ideological differences, donor dependency, unequal relations, and externally imposed directives.
While acknowledging that these are very real challenges, this thesis argues that it is the underlying factors behind the presenting challenges that are the real barriers to the effective participation of a local NGO in the post-conflict, post-emergency environment. Using post-development writings and Foucauldian theories as a theoretical framework, this thesis explores how thought, ideology and action are governed and controlled by the subtle mechanisms of liberal governance, (particularly in their redefinition), and local language is appropriated and reconceptualised as a tool of governance. It is the inability to understand or detect these subtle mechanisms of governance that often limits the degree to which an NGO can be said to act self-determinedly, or in full awareness of the situation, as they navigate a path through this foreign and often baffling post-emergency environment.
This research adds to the emerging academic body of research on NGOs in postconflict, post-emergency environments. On a practical level it provides aid and development organisations and aid practitioners with a detailed 'insider's' view of the operations of a local NGO and the impacts on a small organisation of externally imposed conditions, regulations and hidden agendas. Finally, it provides field workers intending to conduct research in post-conflict, post-emergency environments with an introduction to the issues and problems associated with this type of research.

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Zita, Tabile. "Communication as a tool for effective project execution at selected construction sites in Cape Town, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/3107.

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Thesis (MTech (Business Administration in Project Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2020
This study aims to establish the essence of communication as a tool for effective project execution at selected construction sites in Cape Town, South Africa. There is increasing evidence that communication practices can play a significant role in accomplishing high quality construction projects. Communication has been precisely singled out as a foremost construction project management practice that can have an effect on successful project execution. Failure to convey the proper messages results in projects delay or project failure as the employees or subordinates will not be given the right instructions on what to do. Most companies that are involved in construction projects around Cape Town are failing to complete their projects in the given time, budget and scope due to poor communication. The general objective of the study was to determine if effective communication could lead to the success of construction projects in Cape Town. The study implemented descriptive and association research designs while the study population was drawn from construction a large company within the vicinity of Cape Town. The study used simple random sampling technique while the sample size was 80 employees and 10 managers. The study used questionnaires to collect data while. An excel data analysis tool was used to analyze quantitative data while data was presented using geometric techniques such as tables, bar-graphs and pie charts. The results of the study exposed that the relationship between construction project success and effective communication was significant. The study recommended that construction project companies should have strong and effective communication techniques.

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Migoyan, Ara-Shant, and Anders Bankefors. "Kunskapskonsensus : en studie av aktörsgemenskapens semantiska barriärer kring tolkning av data genom teknologiska medium i offentlig sektor." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202249.

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I denna uppsats presenterar vi en ny infallsvinkel på hur datatolkning i moderna organisationer bör hanteras, såväl praktiskt som teoretiskt. Studien genomfördes med ett kvalitativt och abduktivt tillvägagångssätt byggt på grounded theory med deltagande observationer och intervjuer med aktörer inom organisationen. Vårt teoretiska ramverk är byggt utifrån Carliles (2002) teorier om semantiska barriärer och påbyggda genom Iveroths (2011) tidigare forskning utifrån common meaning. Således är vårt teoretiska ramverk lämpligt för att tolka hur barriärer som hindrar en synkron datatolkning mellan olika aktörer i organisationer belysts i tidigare litteratur, hur dessa barriärer kan överbryggas samt olika synsätt på kunskapen som ett regelrätt mått.Avsaknad av kunskapskonsensus i organisationer grundar sig i semantiska barriärer för datatolkningen som måste överbryggas med sociala interaktioner. Organisationer går mot kunskapskonsensus genom att utifrån datakällan arbeta med – i) teknologiskt medierade trading zones men även ii) socialt dimensionerade överbryggningsaktiviteter med målet att skapa kunskapskonsensus mellan och inom aktörsgemenskapen.

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Aytar, Osman. "Mångfaldens organisering : Om integration, organisationer och interetniska relationer i Sverige." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1413.

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The aim of this dissertation is to examine inter-ethnic relations between organizationally active people with different ethnic backgrounds. I focus on relations that are based on a mutual interdependence between parties, mutual respect, common procedural rules, real opportunities that expressly approve or reject a proposal in a decision or deliberation situation free from compulsion, where people, who have different ethnic backgrounds, strive after insight and understanding in their relations. In this dissertation I present three empirical cases about cooperation, consultation and participation as forms of inter-ethnic relations from the organizational fields in the society. These cases are examples of what I characterize as “organizing inter-ethnicity”, or organizing people with different ethnic backgrounds around common concerns. Organizing inter-ethnicity is in turn a part of organizing and integrating diversity in society. Drawing on the results of three case studies, I distinguish between opportunities and barriers. My case studies clearly illustrate that the tensions that influence the patterns of and variation in opportunities and barriers have sources that reach well beyond ethnicity. Tensions between old and new organizations, between working immigrant organizations and refugee organizations, between organizations from same group or between organizations that have conflicts from their members’ countries of origin provide some examples of the difficulties that generate barriers to broad interest constellations between organizations.

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Carlson, Catja, and Sara Österberg. "Pointing in circles is not a way to circular economy : Barriers to a circular use of ICT products from a user organisation’s perspective." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264050.

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The circular economy, in which products, materials and resources circle back into the system rather than ending up as waste, offers the possibility to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation. For the sector of information and communication technologies (ICT), where the products contain a wide range of critical raw materials and have a large environmental impact during their manufacturing phase, a shift from today’s linear consumption is especially important. While such a transition requires action from actors on all system levels, the users have a unique position to drive the transition through a change in their behaviour. The aim of this thesis is to build knowledge about how user organisations can enable a transition to a circular ICT sector. A case study was performed at a large ICT reseller in Sweden where the current use of internal laptops and smartphones was investigated and analysed. The data collection resulted in the identification of 15 barriers that we claim hinder the case company from becoming a circular user of ICT products. A categorisation of the barriers further showed that the majority of them are found on an organisational level. We argue that among them, the most impactful barrier is an ambiguous responsibility for the post-use collection of products within the organisation. The thesis is concluded with the notion that organisations do indeed have large possibilities to drive a shift in the ICT sector but have a number of barriers to overcome first. Fortunately, the majority of the barriers are internal and can be directly addressed by managerial actions.
Inom en cirkulär ekonomi där produkter, material och naturresurser cirkulerar i ett slutet system istället för att förkastas som avfall, finns det i teorin en möjlighet att frånkoppla ekonomisk tillväxt från miljöförstöring. Inom sektorn för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), där produkterna innehåller en stor variation av råmaterial och har sin största miljöpåverkan under tillverkningsfasen, är ett skifte från den nuvarande linjära konsumtionen av yttersta vikt. Även om en sådan övergång kräver att aktörer på samtliga systemnivåer agerar tillsammans, så har användarna en unik position att driva marknaden mot en förändring genom att ändra sitt beteende. Denna rapport har som syfte att utöka kunskapen kring hur användarorganisationer kan möjliggöra en övergång till en cirkulär ICT-sektor. I en casestudie undersöktes och analyserades den interna hanteringen av laptops och smartphones hos en stor leverantör av ICT-tjänster och -produkter i Sverige. Utifrån datainsamlingen kunde 15 barriärer identifieras som vi menar på utgör ett hinder för organisationens möjligheter till att ha ett cirkulärt användande av sina laptops och smartphones. Efter en kategorisering av barriärerna framgick det att majoriteten av dem låg på en organisatorisk nivå. Enligt oss är den största av dessa en tvetydighet i vem som bär ansvaret för återtaget av produkter efter användning. Avslutningsvis dras slutsatsen att även om vi kan bekräfta användarnas stora potential att driva en förändring i ICT-sektorn så finns det i nuläget barriärer. Lyckligtvis är dessa barriärer mestadels interna och kan adresseras genom styrande medel från ledningsnivå.

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Hanekom, Laurene. "Organisational barriers to women's equal representation in secondary school principal posts in the Wynberg Region of the Western Cape Education Department." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3653.

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Farchi, Tomas Enrique. "Contemporary ecologies of expert knowledge : classic and novel conundrums across professional boundaries in the NHS." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a66ef2c0-bc9e-4e4d-9b7c-4905a4a79686.

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Classic studies in the Sociology of the Professions have explored knowledge barriers across traditional forms of professionalism, quintessentially represented by medical doctors, lawyers, and university professors. Thus, the impact of distinctive professional identities and communal boundaries on processes of knowledge sharing have been well documented. More recently, however, many scholars have suggested that those classical analyses need to be revisited and reassessed (see for e.g. the recent call for papers of Teelken and colleagues at EGOS 2011, cf. also Evetts, 2006; Noordegraaf, 2007) in the light of three contemporary trends: a changing context of professional practice, the associated erosion of classic forms of professionalism, and the emergence of new forms. While classical studies have laid the foundation of our understanding of the conditions that render knowledge sharing across more established forms of professionalism problematic, the processes and potential barriers across more novel and hybrid forms are less clear (cf. Noordegraaf, 2007). In order to address this gap, this thesis presents a comparative investigation of expert knowledgesharing across professional boundaries in four cross-occupational teams in the English National Health Service; two of them primarily composed of established professionals and two of hybrid professionals. By analysing these two types of cross-occupational teams, this thesis’ contribution is the identification of a different configuration of knowledge barriers affecting the sharing of knowledge within the two forms of professionalism. These findings further highlight the existence of two very different ecologies of (inter) professional knowledge within established and hybrid forms of professionalism. First, distinctive knowledge bases underlie professional practice and interaction in established and hybrid forms of professionalism. For established forms knowledge is more substantive and disciplinary based, whereas for hybrid forms it is general and situated, and characterized by a syncretic use of different disciplines, theories, and information. Second, the types of indeterminacies that permeate the two types of ecologies also vary. While the more established forms of professionalism face higher levels of ambiguity (semantic indeterminacy), the more transient and hybrid forms of professionalism face higher levels of uncertainty (de re indeterminacy). Finally, the nature of professional boundaries is different between these two types. While in established forms of professionalism boundaries are relatively well defined, and hence recognizable; in hybrids forms they are vague and transient.

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Norscini, Claudia. "Self-organized turbulent transport in fusion plasmas." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4076.

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Barrières de transport (TB) sont un élément clé dans le contrôle de transport turbulent et atteindre la haute performance des ‘plasmas brûlants’. Les études théoriques abordent l’autorégulation de la turbulence comme une explication possible pour la formation de TB, mais une compréhension complète de ces dynamiques complexes est toujours manquante. Dans ce contexte, nous abordons l’auto-organisation dans le transport turbulent dans les plasmas de fusion dans le but de présenter une nouvelle compréhension de la dynamique des TB. Les outils numériques que nous utilisons des simulations de portée de la turbulence gyrocinétique plus complexe à simple turbulence des fluides 2D et prédateur-proie comme modèles.Deux principales caractéristiques de l'auto-organisation, les avalanches et les flux zonal (ZF), semblent contrôler transport à grande échelle. Dans la région de SOL (Scrape Off layer), événements avalancheux intermittents ne permettent pas séparation d'échelle dans le temps ou l'espace entre champs moyens et les modalités de fluctuation. Dans le bord (edge), la génération des doubles couches de cisaillement dans les profils de vitesse réduit le transport turbulent. Un modèle turbulent 2D pour la génération de ‘piedestal’, qui est non spécifique des plasmas de tokamak, a été mis au point, le piedestal étant localisée à l'interface entre les régions a différent amortissement d'écoulement zonal: edge et SOL. Les événements de relaxation quasi-périodiques sont étudiés réduisent le modèle à trois couplage des modes pour identifier l'interaction entre les streamers et les ZF et le rôle du Reynolds stress dans la génération et la saturation du TBs
Transport barriers (TB) are a key element in controlling turbulent transport and achieving high performance burning plasmas. Theoretical studies are addressing the turbulence self-regulation as a possible explanation for transport barrier formation but a complete understanding of such complex dynamics is still missing. In this context, we address self-organized turbulent transport in fusion plasmas with the aim of presenting a novel understanding of transport barriers dynamics. The numerical tools we use span simulations from the most complex gyrokinetic turbulence to simpler 2D fluid turbulence and predator-prey like models.Two features of self-organizations, avalanches and zonal flows (ZFs), appear to control large scale transport. In the SOL (Scrape Off Layer) , intermittent avalanche events do not allow for time or space scale separation between mean fields and fluctuation terms. In the edge, the generation of long living double shear layers in the profiles of the velocity reduces radial turbulent transport. Such radially distributed barriers govern profile corrugations. A 2D turbulent model for pedestal generation, which is not specific of Tokamak plasmas, has been developed, the pedestal being localized at the interface between regions with different zonal flow damping: the edge region, where zonal flows are weakly damped by collisions, and the SOL region characterized by zonal flow damping due to boundary conditions. Quasi-periodic relaxation events are studied reducing the model to three modes coupling to identify the interplay between streamers and ZFs and the role of Reynolds stress in the generation and saturation of TBs

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Organisation Barrier'

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