Relevant bibliographies by topics / Organics matter

Academic literature on the topic 'Organics matter'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Organics matter"

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Amon, Rainer M. W. "Ocean dissolved organics matter." Nature Geoscience 9, no. 12 (November 14, 2016): 864–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2841.

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Roelofs, G. J. "A GCM study of organic matter in marine aerosol and its potential contribution to cloud drop activation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, no. 2 (April 27, 2007): 5675–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-5675-2007.

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Abstract. With the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM we investigate the potential influence of organic aerosol originating from the ocean on aerosol mass and chemical composition and the droplet concentration and size of marine clouds. We present sensitivity simulations in which the uptake of organic matter in the marine aerosol is prescribed for each aerosol mode with varying organic mass and mixing state, and with a geographical distribution and seasonality similar to the oceanic emission of dimethyl sulfide. Measurements of aerosol mass and chemical composition serve to evaluate the representativity of the model initializations. Good agreement with the measurements is obtained when organic matter is added to the Aitken, accumulation and coarse modes simultaneously. Representing marine organics in the model leads to higher cloud drop number concentrations, smaller cloud drop effective radii, and a better agreement with remote sensing measurements. The mixing state of the organics and the other aerosol matter, i.e., internal or external depending on the formation process of aerosol organics, is an important factor for this. We estimate that globally about 75 Tg C yr−1 of organic matter from marine origin enters the aerosol phase. An approximate 35% of this occurs through formation of secondary organic aerosol and 65% through emission of primary particles.
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Roelofs, G. J. "A GCM study of organic matter in marine aerosol and its potential contribution to cloud drop activation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 3 (February 13, 2008): 709–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-709-2008.

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Abstract. With the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM we investigate the potential influence of organic aerosol originating from the ocean on aerosol mass and chemical composition and the droplet concentration and size of marine clouds. We present sensitivity simulations in which the uptake of organic matter in the marine aerosol is prescribed for each aerosol mode with varying organic mass and mixing state, and with a geographical distribution and seasonality similar to the oceanic emission of dimethyl sulfide. Measurements of aerosol mass, aerosol chemical composition and cloud drop effective radius are used to assess the representativity of the model initializations. Good agreement with the measurements is obtained when organic matter is added to the Aitken, accumulation and coarse modes simultaneously. Representing marine organics in the model leads to higher cloud drop number concentrations and thus smaller cloud drop effective radii, and this improves the agreement with measurements. The mixing state of the organics and the other aerosol matter, i.e. internal or external depending on the formation process of aerosol organics, is an important factor for this. We estimate that globally about 75 Tg C yr−1 of organic matter from marine origin enters the aerosol phase, with comparable contributions from primary emissions and secondary organic aerosol formation.
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Zhang, Feng, Shuai Li, Chang Qing Liu, Xing Sheng Kang, and Yan Li. "The Component and Characteristic Analysis of Organic Matters in Inflow Water of one Wastewater Treatment Plant in Qingdao." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2886–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2886.

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The concentration of soluble inert organics and the mass distribution of organic matter in inflow wastewater of one wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Qingdao city in China were studied in this paper. The results showed that the concentration of soluble inert organics in the influent which cannot be degraded by microbe was about 20 mg/L, accounts for 2%～5% of all dissolved organic matter. The small organic molecules (<1 ku) took up the largest proportion of all organics in influent, which was about 40% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Moreover, the residual organic molecules after biological treatment process and coagulation sedimentation process might be transformed into disinfection by-products (DBPs) by chlorination in advanced treatment process, so the combined process of ozone and activated carbon was suggested to be used to remove the small organic molecules in inflow water in this WWTP.
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Alderson, Danielle M., Martin G. Evans, James J. Rothwell, and Stephen Boult. "Classifying sedimentary organics:." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 40, no. 3 (January 27, 2016): 450–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133315625864.

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Sediments are crucial to the understanding of environmental processes and conditions in a variety of systems. The study of sediments often focuses on quantity, but should involve more emphasis on the quality of the organic component, by utilising commonplace techniques employed by other disciplines. We provide a classification scheme that will allow those interested in organic matter quality to decide on appropriate techniques to apply, and discuss a variety of applications of the investigation of organic matter quality in diverse areas of Physical Geography. Firstly, this paper conceptualises organic matter quality by examining how different groups identify with this term, providing a classification scheme that may assist individuals in their exploration of organic matter character. Secondly, it identifies key areas of investigation linked to Physical Geography where research into organic matter quality may provide a necessary or useful component. Finally, it explains and evaluates crucial techniques for characterising organic matter quality.
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Sun, Xiao Ming, Jing Yang Liu, Qi Qiao, Yue Zhang, Na Zhang, and Li Hong Meng. "Application of Reverse Osmosis Membrane in Wastewater Treatmente." Applied Mechanics and Materials 737 (March 2015): 661–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.661.

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Reverse osmosis membrane is usually used to desalination. With the development of membrane materials and technology, the performance of reverse osmosis membrane is improved continuously, and the interception rate of organic matter is higher, the separation rate of the organic matter is obviously improved. The research progress and application status of separating organics in aqueous solution by reverse osmosis membrane is presented in this paper. The future research direction and application of reverse osmosis membrane for separating organics from aqueous solution were also analyzed and prospected.
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Keen, Olya S. "Characterisation of ultraviolet-absorbing recalcitrant organics in landfill leachate for treatment process optimisation." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 35, no. 3 (November 24, 2016): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x16678065.

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Organics in leachate from municipal solid waste landfills are notoriously difficult to treat by biological processes. These organics have high ultraviolet absorbance and can interfere with the ultraviolet disinfection process at the wastewater treatment plant that receives leachate if the leachate flow contribution is large enough. With more wastewater treatment plants switching to ultraviolet disinfection, landfills face increased pressure to treat leachate further. This study used size exclusion chromatography, fluorescence spectroscopy and ultraviolet/Vis spectrophotometry to characterise the bulk organic matter in raw landfill leachate and the biorecalcitrant organic matter in biologically treated leachate from the same site. The results indicate that biorecalcitrant organics have the polyphenolic absorbance peak at 280 nm, fluorescence peak at 280 nm excitation and 315 nm emission, and molecular size range of 1000–7000 Da, all of which are consistent with lignin. The lignin-like nature of biorecalcitrant leachate organics is supported by the fact that 30%–50% of municipal solid waste consists of plant debris and paper products. These findings shed light on the nature of biorecalcitrant organics in leachate and will be useful for the design of leachate treatment processes and further research on leachate treatment methods.
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Hu, J. Y., and J. H. Shan. "Control of RO/NF organic fouling by monitoring and modification of organic polarity of feed water." Water Supply 8, no. 4 (October 1, 2008): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2008.092.

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The organics in surface water and treated wastewater were analyzed for their polarity by a modified natural organic matter polarity rapid assessment method (NOM-PRAM). Selected water samples were then introduced to reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membrane system to study the relationship between organics polarity and membrane fouling. Results showed that the more organic fractions with non-polar property, the more serious fouling found for both RO and NF. Pre-treatment with KMnO4 was then conducted to modify the organics polarity in feed water. Under the optimum dosage, where more non-polar organics were converted to polar or negatively charged fractions, the subsequent membrane fouling was found to be reduced.
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Kuga, Maïa, Bernard Marty, Yves Marrocchi, and Laurent Tissandier. "Synthesis of refractory organic matter in the ionized gas phase of the solar nebula." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 23 (May 26, 2015): 7129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1502796112.

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In the nascent solar system, primitive organic matter was a major contributor of volatile elements to planetary bodies, and could have played a key role in the development of the biosphere. However, the origin of primitive organics is poorly understood. Most scenarios advocate cold synthesis in the interstellar medium or in the outer solar system. Here, we report the synthesis of solid organics under ionizing conditions in a plasma setup from gas mixtures (H2(O)−CO−N2−noble gases) reminiscent of the protosolar nebula composition. Ionization of the gas phase was achieved at temperatures up to 1,000 K. Synthesized solid compounds share chemical and structural features with chondritic organics, and noble gases trapped during the experiments reproduce the elemental and isotopic fractionations observed in primitive organics. These results strongly suggest that both the formation of chondritic refractory organics and the trapping of noble gases took place simultaneously in the ionized areas of the protoplanetary disk, via photon- and/or electron-driven reactions and processing. Thus, synthesis of primitive organics might not have required a cold environment and could have occurred anywhere the disk is ionized, including in its warm regions. This scenario also supports N2 photodissociation as the cause of the large nitrogen isotopic range in the solar system.
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Kaplan, H. H., A. A. Simon, V. E. Hamilton, M. S. Thompson, S. A. Sandford, M. A. Barucci, E. A. Cloutis, et al. "Composition of organics on asteroid (101955) Bennu." Astronomy & Astrophysics 653 (September 2021): L1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141167.

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Context. The Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) mission detected an infrared absorption at 3.4 μm on near-Earth asteroid (101955) Bennu. This absorption is indicative of carbon species, including organics, on the surface. Aims. We aim to describe the composition of the organic matter on Bennu by investigating the spectral features in detail. Methods. We use a curated set of spectra acquired by the OSIRIS-REx Visible and InfraRed Spectrometer that have features near 3.4 μm (3.2 to 3.6 μm) attributed to organics. We assess the shapes and strengths of these absorptions in the context of laboratory spectra of extraterrestrial organics and analogs. Results. We find spectral evidence of aromatic and aliphatic CH bonds. The absorptions are broadly consistent in shape and depth with those associated with insoluble organic matter in meteorites. Given the thermal and space weathering environments on Bennu, it is likely that the organics have not been exposed for long enough to substantially decrease the H/C and destroy all aliphatic molecules.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Organics matter"

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Sch??fer, Andrea Iris Chemical Engineering &amp Industrial Chemistry UNSW. "Natural Organics Removal using Membranes." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Chemical Engineering and Industrial Chemistry, 1999. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20695.

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Membrane processes are increasingly used in water treatment. Experiments were performed using stirred cell equipment, polymeric membranes and synthetic surface water containing natural organics, inorganic colloids and their aggregates, and cations. All processes could remove a significant amount of natural organics. Pretreatment with ferric chloride was required to achieve significant organic removal with MF and high MWCO UF. Additionally, fouling mechanisms for the three processes were investigated. Crucial parameters were aggregate characteristics (fractal structure, stability, organic-colloid interactions), solubility of organics and calcium, and hydrodynamics. In MF, fouling by pore plugging was most severe. Variations in solution chemistry changed the aggregation state of the colloids and/or natural organic matter and dramatically affected rejection and fouling behaviour. UF membrane fouling was mainly influenced by pore adsorption and could improve natural organics rejection significantly. Coagulant addition shifted fouling mechanism from pore adsorption to cake formation. Aggregate structure was most significant for flux decline. In NF, rejection of natural organics involved both size and charge exclusion. Fouling was caused by precipitation of a calcium-organic complex. Fouling could be avoided by pretreatment with metal salt coagulants. Thorough chemical characterisation of the organics used demonstrated that only size and aromaticity can be related to fouling. The study is concluded with a process comparison based on a water quality parameter and a cost comparison. Treatment cost of microfiltration with chemical pretreatment was similar to that of nanofiltration at a comparable natural organics rejection.
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Al, Lawati Wafa Mustafa Mohammed. "The role of organics in the mobilization of arsenic in shallow aquifers." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-organics-in-the-mobilization-of-arsenic-in-shallow-aquifers(80126753-1300-40f9-924b-6a94f6c4d6af).html.

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Over a hundred million people across the globe, and particularly in Asia, are chronicallyexposed to high concentrations (>10 ppb) of geogenic arsenic (As) in shallow reducinggroundwaters utilised as drinking water. It is widely accepted that As mobilisation fromsediments into these groundwater requires active metal-reducing microbes and electrondonors such as organic matter (OM). Although OM have been characterised in fewaquifers, there is a dearth of data on other As rich aquifers.In this work, we further investigate the correlation between As release from aquifers andthe OM/microbial communities present. The key findings of this work are:i. OM in Vietnamese and Taiwanese As hotspot areas originates from multiple sources.This is comparable to previous studies in Cambodia and West Bengal, indicating thatOM originates from similar sources in all the areas studied up to date, regardless ofthe age (Holocene/Pleistocene) and the sediment source (Himalayas/non-Himalayas).This suggests that similar electron donors, such as petroleum derived HMW nalkanes,are present in all these groundwater aquifer sediments.ii. No noticeable differences in OM biomarker distribution patterns were observedbetween sediments from two contrasting groundwater As concentration sites (e.g. <10 ppb; Pleistocene and up to 600 ppb; Holocene) in Vietnam, suggesting thatarsenic mobilisation is not associated with a specific OM source at these sites. Inaddition, no microbial activity was determined in these two sites suggesting thatother abiotic factors could lead to As release.iii. Microbiological process of dissimilatory As(V) reduction is active in microcosmexperiments using non-Himalayan Taiwanese sediments, despite low groundwaterAs concentrations, causing the release of As into the groundwater. However, Asrelease in these sediment slurries is not controlled by a specific source of the lipidderived OM, suggesting that other electron donors, not analysed in present studycould be contributing/controlling the rate of As release; and/or that multiple fractionsof the lipid derived OM are used as electron donors in this process.iv. Artificial maturation experiments indicated that a fully 13C-lablled kerogen analoguecan be obtained by using 13C-labelled cyanobacteria biomass as a starting material.However, this kerogen analogue had some differences when compared to the naturalmaterial, suggesting that an artificial degradation precursor step, prior to the actualmaturation process, might be required to generate analogues that better resemble thenatural kerogen.v. 13C-labelled substrates (hexadecane and kerogen) incubation experiments revealedthat As(III) release in all microcosms was microbially driven. Very low 13C-n-alkaneincorporation was observed in association with As release, suggesting that otherelectron donors could be mediating this process. In contrast, kerogen did not haveany effect on As release. Moreover, As(V) amendments enhanced the degradation ofthe shorter carbon chain length n-alkanes more than the longer ones, suggesting thatthese are more important electron donors in the process of As release than the longerones.
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Düker, Anders. "Natural aquatic colloidal matter : characteristics and impact on the mobility of trace metals and organics /." Linköping : Tema, Univ, 1998. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp98/arts180s.htm.

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Danilovic, Dusan Stevan. "Investigation of Magnetic Properties in the Case of Three Families of 1-Dimensional Magnets:M(II)A(4,4'-bipyridine);M=Fe,Co,Ni,Cu A=Cl2,(N3)2,(ox)." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/89058.

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Physics
Ph.D.
Magnetic properties of three families of metal-organic coordinated networks which have the general form of M(II)A(4,4'-bipyridine), where M=Fe, Ni, Co, and Cu and A=Cl2, (ox) and (N3)2, are studied in this dissertation. Novel Ni(N3)2(4,4'-bipyridine), Co(N3)2(4,4'-bipyridine) and Cu(N3)2(4,4'-bipyridine) have been synthesized. We applied different synthesis procedures and produced Ni, Co, and Cu azide compounds for the first time, thus leaving the hydrothermal route procedure. Powder x-ray diffraction at room temperature was done in order to establish the crystal structure of the members of these three families. It was found that all of them crystallize in orthorhombic structure, where transitional metals have an octahedral coordination. Since all three families have identical crystal structure we got opportunity to examine how ligands facilitate magnetic interaction between metallic centers and also to test existing magnetic theoretical models. Since 4,4'-bipyridine is much longer than other ligands, our systems can be considered as 1-D magnetic systems. Their interchain magnetic interactions are very weak, and they order magnetically at very low temperatures of the order of few K. Measurements of M(H) at temperatures T=1.9K and T=2K and χ(T) in different external magnetic fields in zero field and field cooled modes have been made. In the case of MCl2(4,4'-bipyridine) family of compounds, we observed ferromagnetic interactions between metal ions within the chains and antiferromagnetic interactions between adjacent chains. M(ox)(4,4'-bipyridine) family of metal-organic compounds has antiferromagnetic interactions between the transitional metal ions within the chain, while weak ferromagnetic interaction exists between the chains. All members in the M(N3)2(4,4'-bipyridine) family except in the case of the copper compound were found to have ferromagnetic interactions between metal ions within the chains and then antiferromagnetic interactions between adjacent chains. The copper compound does not show magnetic ordering in the temperature range we considered. All the metal ions in these compounds were detected in high spin states. The magnetic susceptibility data was fit to appropriate 1-D models, which in the case of MCl2(4,4'-bipyridine) and M(N3)2(4,4'-bipyridine) were the Classical Spin Fisher model, and the Bonner Fisher model in the case M(ox)(4,4'-bipyridine). The experimental results and fitting to the appropriate model with the accuracy of 0.995 suggests that shorter Cl-M-Cl distances facilitate ferromagnetic interactions, which are more sensitive to the total spin value then to the sole distance between metal ions. The magnetic behavior of M(N3)2(4,4'-bipyridine) family of coordinated metal-organic compounds is very interesting because family members exhibit both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic behavior. The ferromagnetic characteristics decrease with decreasing spin. Fitting the results for all compounds of the M(ox)(4,4'-bipyridine) family have shown that strong anisotropy exists in all of them, being highest in Ni(ox)(4,'4-bipyridine) and lowest in Co(ox)(4,4'-bipyridine). Specific heat measurements were performed in the case of cobalt and copper azide compounds and then compared with previously obtained results for the iron coordinated network of the same family. Although none of these compounds show the characteristic λ shaped transition indicating magnetic ordering, all of them have unusually large values of the constant γ, which indicates significant magnetic contribution to the observed specific heat, since the free electron contribution in these observed families is negligible. We have concluded that total spin of the transitional metal plays a more important role than the distance between ions within the chain in determining magnitude of interaction, and that (N3)2 is a better facilitator of ferromagnetic interaction between ions than Cl2.
Temple University--Theses
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Minnis, Rochelle J. "Comparison of the use of single and multiple oxidants on the generation of particulate matter in water distribution systems derived from groundwater sources containing hydrogen sulfide and dissolved organics." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001390.

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Bisinoti, Marcia Cristina. "Biogeoquimica aquatica do mercurio organico na Bacia do Rio Negro, Amazonia." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249639.

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Orientador: Wilson de Figueiredo Jardim
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T20:31:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bisinoti_MarciaCristina_D.pdf: 1949476 bytes, checksum: a702f967a817c83e250f6e74b334ddd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Doutorado
Quimica Analitica
Doutor em Ciências
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Sharp, Emma. "Natural organic matter coagulation." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2005. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/2224.

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The removal of natural organic matter (NOM) is one of the main challenges facing water utilities in both the UK and the US. As a consequence of changes in land management and an increased carbon loss from solids, a greater amount of accumulated organics is now being flushed into the aquatic environment during increased surface run-off events such as snowmelt or heavy rainfall. Furthermore, whilst traditional treatment with trivalent coagulants has proven a successful strategy in the past, operational problems are now being reported during periods of elevated organic levels in the water. These include the formation of fragile flocs, a greater particulate carryover onto downstream processes and increased disinfection by product (DBP) formation. Resin adsorption techniques were employed to fractionate the water samples into their hydrophobic and hydrophilic components. This, coupled with raw water monitoring, revealed that NOM composition and characteristics can vary, even if the total organic concentrations appear stable. In particular, hydrophobic NOM fractions contribute the majority of the charge compared to the hydrophilic fractions, and therefore exert a greater impact on coagulation conditions. Comparison across different source waters, seasons, at varying experimental scales and under varying coagulation conditions, revealed that zeta potential monitoring during coagulation takes into account the changing electrical property of the water, and in general, maintaining a value between -10
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Laniewski, Krzysztof. "Halogenated organic matter in precipitation /." Linköping : Tema, Univ, 1998. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp98/arts176s.htm.

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Nilsson, K. Sofia. "Modelling soil organic matter turnover /." Uppsala : Dept. of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/s326.pdf.

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Yusran, Fadly Hairannoor. "Soil organic matter decomposition : effects of organic matter addition on phosphorus dynamics in lateritic soils." University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0120.

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[Truncated abstract] Relationships between the persistence of organic matter added to soil, the dynamics of soil organic carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) were examined in four experiments on lateritic soils of Western Australia. The main objective was to quantify the release of P following organic matter application in soils which have high P adsorbing capacity. Another objective was to confirm that due to its recalcitrant materials, the effect of peat lasted longer in soil than other sources of organic matter in terms of increasing plant-available P fractions. Three experiments were conducted under glasshouse conditions for various lengths of time, with nine- to twelve-month incubations to investigate these hypotheses. As expected, organic matter with lower C:N ratios than peat (lucerne hay) decomposed more rapidly compared with peat, and the most active mineralisation took place within the first three months of incubation. Soil organic-C (extracted by 0.5 M K2SO4) had a significant positive correlation with P extracted with 0.5 M NaHCO pH 8.53. For a higher application rate (120 ton ha-1), peat was better than wheat straw and lucerne hay in increasing extractable bicarbonate-P concentrations in soil, especially at incubation times up to 12 months. Throughout the experiment, peat was associated with a steady increase in all parameters measured. In contrast to peat, nutrient release from lucerne hay and wheat straw was rapid and diminished over time. There was a tendency for organic-C (either in the form of total extractable organic-C or microbial biomass-C) to steadily increase in soil with added peat throughout the experiment. Unlike wheat straw and lucerne hay, extractable organic-C from peat remained in soil and there was less C loss in the form of respiration. Therefore, peat persisted and sequestered C to the soil system for a longer time than the other source of organic matter. Freshly added organic matter was expected to have a greater influence on P transformation from adsorbed forms in lateritic soils than existing soil organic matter. By removing the existing soil organic matter, the effect of freshly applied organic matter can be determine separately from that of the existing soil organic matter for a similar organic-C content. In order to do this, some soil samples were combusted up to 450° C to eliminate inherent soil organic matter. The release of P was greater when organic-C from fresh organic matter was applied to combusted soils than in uncombusted soils that contained the existing soil organic matter. The exception only applied for parameters related to soil micro-organisms such as biomass-C and phosphatase. For such parameters, new soil organic matter did not create conditions favourable for organisms to increase in activity despite the abundance of organic matter available. More non-extractable-P was formed in combusted soils compared to bicarbonate-P and it contributed to more than 50% of total-P. As for the first experiment, peat also showed a constant effect in increasing bicarbonate extractable-P in the soil
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Books on the topic "Organics matter"

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Caro, Guillermo Manuel Muñoz. From photoprocessing of interstellar ice to amino acids and other organics. [Leiden: Universiteit Leiden, 2003.

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Lallier-Vergès, Elisabeth, Nicolas-Pierre Tribovillard, and Philippe Bertrand. Organic Matter Accumulation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0117663.

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Tyson, Richard V. Sedimentary Organic Matter. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0739-6.

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M, Schnitzer, and Khan Shahamat U, eds. Soil organic matter. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co., 1985.

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Mostofa, Khan M. G., Takahito Yoshioka, Abdul Mottaleb, and Davide Vione, eds. Photobiogeochemistry of Organic Matter. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32223-5.

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Coble, Paula, Jaimie Lead, Andy Baker, Darren M. Reynolds, and Robert G. M. Spencer, eds. Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139045452.

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Tyson, R. V. Sedimentary organic matter: Organic facies and palynofacies. London: Chapman & Hall, 1995.

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Organic matter in the universe. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2012.

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Kumada, Kyōichi. Chemistry of soil organic matter. Tokyo: Japan Scientific Societies Press, 1987.

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Kwok, Sun. Organic Matter in the Universe. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527637034.

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Book chapters on the topic "Organics matter"

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McAllister, Laura E., and Kirk T. Semple. "Role of Clay and Organic Matter in the Biodegradation of Organics in Soil." In Geomicrobiology: Molecular and Environmental Perspective, 367–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9204-5_17.

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Demastes, William W. "The Organics of Comedy." In Comedy Matters, 11–28. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230612426_2.

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Romankevich, Evgeny, and Alexander Vetrov. "Organic Matter." In Encyclopedia of Marine Geosciences, 1–8. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6644-0_80-1.

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Wetzel, Robert G., and Gene E. Likens. "Organic Matter." In Limnological Analyses, 137–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3250-4_9.

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Wetzel, Robert G., and Gene E. Likens. "Organic Matter." In Limnological Analyses, 129–37. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4098-1_9.

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Broadbent, F. E. "Organic Matter." In Agronomy Monographs, 1397–400. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.c41.

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Pinhey, Sally, and Margaret Tebbs. "Bacteria and other microorganisms." In Plants for soil regeneration: an illustrated guide, 19–22. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789243604.0004.

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Abstract This chapter discusses bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms which are present in soil. These organisms keep soil alive with a variety of activities, maintaining the balance of life on Earth by fixing nitrogen, breaking down organic matter and preparing it for plant uptake. Their role in symbiosis with plants, recycling of nutrients in soil, etc. are discussed in detail.
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Ariga, Katsuhiko, Jonathan P. Hill, and Qingmin Ji. "Organic-Inorganic Supramolecular Materials." In Supramolecular Soft Matter, 43–55. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118095331.ch3.

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Tyson, Richard V. "Introduction: The Importance of Sedimentary Organic Matter." In Sedimentary Organic Matter, 1–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0739-6_1.

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Tyson, Richard V. "Origin and Nature of the Zoomorph Subgroup, and the Origin, Nature and Distribution of the Zooclast Group." In Sedimentary Organic Matter, 203–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0739-6_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Organics matter"

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Peck, Jay, Zhenhong Yu, Hsi-Wu Wong, Richard Miake-Lye, David Liscinsky, Archer Jennings, and Bruce True. "Experimental and Numerical Studies of Sulfate and Organic Condensation on Aircraft Engine Soot." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25227.

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To study the condensation of sulfates and organics on aircraft engine soot, a systematic measurement of particulate matter was performed using a sector rig combustor at various operation conditions and sampling configurations. The condensation of organics increased with increasing soot loading, although the initial vapor phase concentration was lower for the high soot condition. The condensation rate of the organic species is much slower than that of the sulfates, and therefore the availability of the soot surfaces becomes a rate-limiting factor. On the other hand, because the sulfates are nearly completely condensed on soot surfaces even for the low soot conditions, more soot did not significantly increase the condensation of sulfates. The experimental results were explained with a microphysical simulation by using a 6-species surrogate model to represent volatile aircraft emissions. Using the relative composition of the volatile organics based on saturation vapor concentration, and the dry mass accommodation coefficient derived from the correlation to water solubility, the proposed surrogate model was able to match the experimental measurements both qualitatively and quantitatively.
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Moussiere, S., A. Roubaud, Ch Joussot-Dubien, H. A. Turc, and B. Fournel. "Destruction of Nuclear Organic Waste by Supercritical Water Oxidation: Scale-Up of the Process." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7170.

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In order to design and then define appropriate dimensions for a supercritical oxidation reactor, a 2D and 3D simulation of the fluid dynamics and heat transfer during the oxidation process has been performed. The solver used is a commercial code, Fluent 6.2. The turbulent flow field in the reactor, created by the stirrer is taken into account with a k-omega model and a swirl imposed to the fluid. In the 3D case the rotation of the stirrer can be modeled thanks to the sliding mesh model. The reactivity of the system is taken into account with a classical combustion model EDC. Comparisons with experimental temperature measurements validate the ability of the CFD modeling to simulate the supercritical water oxidation process. Simulation results provide us a view inside the reactor on the flow, temperature fields and the oxidation localization and development. Results indicate that the flow can be considered as piston-like, heat transfers are strongly enhanced by the stirring. Hence the scaling up of the reactor volume, to reach a treatment capacity of 1 Kg/h of pure organics, can be done regarding the necessary residence times and temperature distribution needed for a complete destruction of the organic matter.
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Jarassova, Tolganay, and Mehmet Altunsoy. "Organic Geochemical Characteristics of Core Samples from Central Primorsk-Emba Province, Precaspian Basin, Kazakhstan." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207044-ms.

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Abstract The Primorsk-Emba province is one of the main oil and gas region of the Precaspian basin. The resources of the Primorsk-Emba oil and gas region range from 5 to 12 billion tons of oil and from 2 to 6 trillion m³ of natural gas. This study primarily concentrates on investigating the organic geochemistry and petroleum geology characteristics of sedimentary units that generated oil in the central Primorsk-Emba province. 20 core samples taken from the Jurassic units in the western part of the study area are characterized by organic matter amount, hydrocarbon production potential, type of organic matter, maturity of organic matter. According to the Rock-Eval results Jurassic aged rocks generally have a petroleum potential ranging from weak to excellent, the organic matter is between Type II (oil prone), Type II-III (gas-oil prone) and Type III (gas prone), and the degree of maturation is immature-mature stage. Oil extracts were characterized by geochemical methods including Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). n-alkanes and isoprenoids were evaluated by High-Resolution Gas Chromatography (GC-HR), aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Low Thermal Mass Gas Chromatography (GC-LTM), terpanes (hopanes), steranes / diasteranes and aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC and GC-MS data obtained, it has been determined whether the paleoenvironment characteristics of the study area, hydrocarbon potential, type of kerogen, maturity level of organic matter and whether it is affected by biodegradation. Distribution of n-alkanes in the GC showed that no biodegradation was observed in analyzed samples, source rock deposited in a marine environment under reducing conditions and an organic matter that occurred were generated by marine carbonates. Based on maturity parameters, studied oils are mature and located on the oil generation window. According to biomarker age parameters C28 / C29 and norcholestane (NCR)/nordiacholestane (NDR) samples are generally Mesozoic (Triassic-Jurassic- Cretaceous) origin, nevertheless there are also levels corresponding to the Paleozoic (Permian) late stages.
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Jarassova, Tolganay, and Mehmet Altunsoy. "Organic Geochemical Characteristics of Core Samples from Central Primorsk-Emba Province, Precaspian Basin, Kazakhstan." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207044-ms.

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Abstract The Primorsk-Emba province is one of the main oil and gas region of the Precaspian basin. The resources of the Primorsk-Emba oil and gas region range from 5 to 12 billion tons of oil and from 2 to 6 trillion m³ of natural gas. This study primarily concentrates on investigating the organic geochemistry and petroleum geology characteristics of sedimentary units that generated oil in the central Primorsk-Emba province. 20 core samples taken from the Jurassic units in the western part of the study area are characterized by organic matter amount, hydrocarbon production potential, type of organic matter, maturity of organic matter. According to the Rock-Eval results Jurassic aged rocks generally have a petroleum potential ranging from weak to excellent, the organic matter is between Type II (oil prone), Type II-III (gas-oil prone) and Type III (gas prone), and the degree of maturation is immature-mature stage. Oil extracts were characterized by geochemical methods including Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). n-alkanes and isoprenoids were evaluated by High-Resolution Gas Chromatography (GC-HR), aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Low Thermal Mass Gas Chromatography (GC-LTM), terpanes (hopanes), steranes / diasteranes and aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC and GC-MS data obtained, it has been determined whether the paleoenvironment characteristics of the study area, hydrocarbon potential, type of kerogen, maturity level of organic matter and whether it is affected by biodegradation. Distribution of n-alkanes in the GC showed that no biodegradation was observed in analyzed samples, source rock deposited in a marine environment under reducing conditions and an organic matter that occurred were generated by marine carbonates. Based on maturity parameters, studied oils are mature and located on the oil generation window. According to biomarker age parameters C28 / C29 and norcholestane (NCR)/nordiacholestane (NDR) samples are generally Mesozoic (Triassic-Jurassic- Cretaceous) origin, nevertheless there are also levels corresponding to the Paleozoic (Permian) late stages.
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SPIE, Proceedings of. "Front Matter: Volume 7777." In Organic Photovoltaics XI. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.923756.

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Katithi, David M., and David O. Opar. "Petroleum Geochemistry of the Loperot-1 Well in Lokichar Basin, Kenya." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2557372-ms.

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ABSTRACT The work reports an in-depth review of bulk and molecular geochemical data to determine the organic richness, kerogen type and thermal maturity of the Lokhone and the stratigraphically deeper Loperot shales of the Lokichar basin encountered in the Loperot-1 well. Oil-source rock correlation was also done to determine the source rocks’ likelihood as the source of oil samples obtained from the well. A combination of literature and geochemical data analyses show that both shales have good to excellent potential in terms of organic and hydrogen richness to act as conventional petroleum source rocks. The Lokhone shales have TOC values of 1.2% to 17.0% (average 5.16%) and are predominantly type I/II organic matter with HI values in the range of 116.3 – 897.2 mg/g TOC. The Lokhone source rocks were deposited in a lacustrine depositional environment in episodically oxic-dysoxic bottom waters with periodic anoxic conditions and have Tmax values in addition to biomarker signatures typical of organic matter in the mid-mature to mature stage with respect to hydrocarbon generation and immature for gas generation with Ro values of 0.51 – 0.64%. The Loperot shales were shown to be possibly highly mature type II/III source rocks with TOC values of 0.98% – 3.18% (average 2.4%), HI of 87 – 115 mg/g TOC and Ro of 1.16 – 1.33%. The Lokhone shale correlate well with the Loperot-1 well oils and hence is proposed as the principal source rock for the oils in the Lokichar basin. Although both source rocks have good organic richness to act as shale gas plays, they are insufficiently mature to act as shale gas targets but this does not preclude their potential deeper in the basin where sufficient gas window maturities might have been attained. The Lokhone shales provide a prospective shale oil play if the reservoir suitability to hydraulic fracturing can be defined. A basin wide study of the source rocks thickness, potential, maturation and expulsion histories in the Lokichar basin is recommended to better understand the present-day distribution of petroleum in the basin.
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SPIE, Proceedings of. "Front Matter: Volume 8475." In SPIE Organic Photonics + Electronics, edited by Iam Choon Khoo. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2011022.

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SPIE, Proceedings of. "Front Matter: Volume 8478." In SPIE Organic Photonics + Electronics, edited by Zhenan Bao and Iain McCulloch. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2011023.

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SPIE, Proceedings of. "Front Matter: Volume 8479." In SPIE Organic Photonics + Electronics, edited by Ruth Shinar and Ioannis Kymissis. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2011024.

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"Front Matter: Volume 9568." In SPIE Organic Photonics + Electronics. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2218174.

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Reports on the topic "Organics matter"

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Avery, M. P. Vitrinite reflectance (Ro) of dispersed organics and coaly matter from the Mobil et al. Hibernia B-08. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/129956.

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Pinet, N., O. H. Ardakani, J. Cesar, D. C. Petts, C. Debuhr, and P J Sack. Exploring the link between organic matter and Carlin-type gold mineralization: new insights from Yukon deposits. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330086.

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The link between organic matter and gold in sediment-hosted Carlin-type deposits is controversial. This study aims to tackle this potential link by documenting the occurrence of organic matter in a single borehole from a Carlin-type gold deposit in Yukon and by considering, in a preliminary way, the spatial and/or temporal relationship between organic matter and gold mineralization. The sedimentary succession hosting the Conrad deposit was relatively rich in organic matter, possibly related to Archea. Despite the high maturation of samples, the total organic carbon (TOC) content of the limestone unit averages 1.31 wt. % (maximum = 3.18 wt. %). Petrographic observations indicate that pore and fracture filling pyrobitumen is the dominant organic matter maceral in the studied samples. This type of pyrobitumen was matured after its emplacement, indicating that hydrocarbon fluids cannot have served as an agent for gold transport. Pyrobitumen disseminated in the rock or associated with stylolites are also documented. The correlation between TOC and Tl (the best proxy for Au) for selected samples and the high As content of pyrobitumen filling pores may suggest a link between organic matter content and gold deposition, but this was not demonstrated by LA-ICP-MS micro-scale mapping. This study also highlights the challenges of establishing a direct spatial relationship between 'invisible' gold and very small (&amp;lt; 10 µm) pyrobitumen particles.
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Vasil'ev, E. V. Ways of introducing liquid organic matter. Сельскохозяйственные вести, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0432-2975-2020-02941.

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Peter, J. M., M. G. Gadd, C. Jiang, and J. Reyes. Organic geochemistry and petrology of sedimentary exhalative Pb-Zn and polymetallic hyper-enriched black shale deposits in the Selwyn Basin, Yukon. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328017.

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Paleozoic strata of the Selwyn Basin host sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) Pb-Zn deposits, and age-correlative strata of the Richardson trough host polymetallic hyper-enriched black shale (HEBS) deposits. In both deposit types, organic matter is spatially and temporally associated with mineralization. We investigated the characteristics of organic matter in mineralization and unmineralized host rocks in the XY Central SEDEX deposit in the Howard's Pass district, and the Nick and Peel River HEBS deposits in the Richardson trough using Rock-Eval pyrolysis, organic petrography, and solvent extraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of the soluble organic matter (SOM). All samples experienced extremely high thermal maturity (Tmax up to 599°C), indicating they contain low SOM. Rock-Eval parameters S1, S2, HI, and OI values are low. Total organic carbon (TOC) values are low for Nick and Peel River and are generally higher for XY Central. Residual carbon values are universally high. Mineral carbon values are low for deposits studied (one outlier). Pyrobitumen reflectance is mostly below 5.80%. Full-scan GCMS analyses of SOM reveal that most, if not all, high molecular weight hydrocarbons, including biomarkers, have been lost due to thermal cracking and many detected peaks are likely due to contaminants introduced during sampling.
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Chen, Robert F., G. B. Gardner, and Yong Tian. A Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) Observatory. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada541197.

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Chen, Robert F., G. B. Gardner, and Yong Tian. A Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) Observatory. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada557152.

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Castellano, Mike J., Abraham G. Shaviv, Raphael Linker, and Matt Liebman. Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile soil organic matter fractions. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597926.bard.

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A major goal in Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems is to maximize nitrogen availability to crops while minimizing nitrogen losses to air and water resources. This goal has presented a significant challenge to global agronomists and scientists because crops require large inputs of nitrogen (N) fertilizer to maximize yield, but N fertilizers are easily lost to surrounding ecosystems where they contribute to water pollution and greenhouse gas concentrations. Determination of the optimum N fertilizer input is complex because the amount of N produced from soil organic matter varies with time, space and management. Indicators of soil N availability may help to guide requirements for N fertilizer inputs and are increasingly viewed as indicators of soil health To address these challenges and improve N availability indicators, project 4550 “Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile organic matter fractions” addressed the following objectives: Link the quantity and quality of labile soil organic matter fractions to indicators of soil fertility and environmental quality including: i) laboratory potential net N mineralization ii) in situ gross N mineralization iii) in situ N accumulation on ion exchange resins iv) crop uptake of N from mineralized soil organic matter sources (non-fertilizer N), and v) soil nitrate pool size. Evaluate and compare the potential for hot water extractable organic matter (HWEOM) and particulate organic matter quantity and quality to characterize soil N dynamics in biophysically variable Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems that are managed with different N fertility sources. Ultimately, we sought to determine if nitrogen availability indicators are the same for i) gross vs. potential net N mineralization processes, ii) diverse agroecosystems (Israel vs. US) and, iii) management strategies (organic vs. inorganic N fertility sources). Nitrogen availability indicators significantly differed for gross vs. potential N mineralization processes. These results highlight that different mechanisms control each process. Although most research on N availability indicators focuses on potential net N mineralization, new research highlights that gross N mineralization may better reflect plant N availability. Results from this project identify the use of ion exchange resin (IERs) beads as a potential technical advance to improve N mineralization assays and predictors of N availability. The IERs mimic the rhizosphere by protecting mineralized N from loss and immobilization. As a result, the IERs may save time and money by providing a measurement of N mineralization that is more similar to the costly and time consuming measurement of gross N mineralization. In further search of more accurate and cost-effective predictors of N dynamics, Excitation- Emission Matrix (EEM) spectroscopy analysis of HWEOM solution has the potential to provide reliable indicators for changes in HWEOM over time. These results demonstrated that conventional methods of labile soil organic matter quantity (HWEOM) coupled with new analyses (EEM) may be used to obtain more detailed information about N dynamics. Across Israeli and US soils with organic and inorganic based N fertility sources, multiple linear regression models were developed to predict gross and potential N mineralization. The use of N availability indicators is increasing as they are incorporated into soil health assessments and agroecosystem models that guide N inputs. Results from this project suggest that some soil variables can universally predict these important ecosystem process across diverse soils, climate and agronomic management. BARD Report - Project4550 Page 2 of 249
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Arndt Schimmelmann and Maria Mastalerz. Significance of Isotopically Labile Organic Hydrogen in Thermal Maturation of Organic Matter. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/974200.

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Santschi, Peter H., Kathleen A. Schwehr, Chen Xu, Matthew Athon, Yi-Fang Ho, Patrick G. Hatcher, Nicole Didonato, and Daniel I. Kaplan. Plutonium Immobilization and Mobilization by Soil Organic Matter. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1240745.

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Bissett, W. P. The Ecological Cycling of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627901.

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