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Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Frazier, D. O. Microgravity studies of organic and polymeric materials: Proceedings of a workshop held in Huntsville, Alabama, April 27, 1993. Huntsville, Ala: George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, 1994.

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2

Massachusetts. Dept. of Environmental Protection. Office of Technical Assistance. Foxboro reduces VOC emissions while eliminating cadmium and cyanide discharges. [Boston, Mass.]: Office of Technical Assistance, Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 1995.

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3

Commission, European, ed. Feasibility study on the implementation of economic measures to reduce emissions of organic solvents: Final report : document. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1996.

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4

Head, Vivian. Going green: Hints & tips to reduce your carbon footprint. Wigston, England: Abbeydale, 2008.

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5

Sologar, Veena Sharmila. Modeling the biofiltration of air emissions containing reduced sulfur compounds and volatile organic compounds. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2002.

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6

Olsthoorn, A. A. Feasibility study on the implementation of economic measures to reduce emissions of organic solvents: Final report. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1996.

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7

David, Sarokin, ed. Cutting chemical wastes: What 29 organic chemical plants are doing to reduce hazardous wastes. New York, NY: INFORM, 1985.

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8

Massachusetts. General Court. Senate. Post Audit and Oversight Bureau. The gift of life: Massachusetts can do more to promote organ and tissue donations and reduce preventable deaths. [Boston, Mass.]: Senate Post Audit and Oversight Bureau, 2002.

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9

Westall, John C. The use of cationic surfactants to modify aquifer materials to reduce the mobility of hydrophobic organic compounds / John C. Westall ... [et al.]. Ada, OK: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, 1994.

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10

Westall, John C. The use of cationic surfactants to modify aquifer materials to reduce the mobility of hydrophobic organic compounds / John C. Westall ... [et al.]. Ada, OK: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, 1994.

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11

United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, ed. Study of volatile organic compound emissions from consumer and commercial products: Economic incentives to reduce VOC emissions from consumer and commercial products. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, 1995.

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12

Canada. Commercial Chemicals Evaluation Branch., Canada Environment Canada, and Cantox Environmental Inc, eds. A plan to reduce volatile organic compound emissions from consumer products in Canada (excluding windshield washer fluid and surface coatings): Final report. Hull, Quebec: Environment Canada, 2000.

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13

Okolelova, Tamara, Syergyey YEngashyev, and Ivan Yegorov. Poultry farming: current questions and answers. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02023-4.

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In the book in the form of questions and answers considerable attention is paid to data on the needs of all types of poultry in nutritional, mineral and biologically active substances, taking into account age of poultry. The characteristic of the main feed products is given, and the rational norms for including them in mixed feed for poultry are indicated. The role of vitamins, macro- and microelements, enzyme preparations, probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, organic acids, antioxidants, emulsifiers and other sources of biologically active substances in poultry nutrition is shown. Both nutritional factors that reduce the immune system and the causes of major feed diseases, which are related to the quality of feed, with violations in the rationing of nutrients and minerals, are indicated, and also biologically active substances, technologies for feeding and keeping poultry, methods of their prevention are given. It is addressed to specialists and managers of poultry farms, feed industry enterprises, researchers, postgraduates and students.

14

Okolelova, Tamara, and Syergyey YEngashyev. Scientific basis of feeding and keeping poultry. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02037-1.

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The book covers the basic principles of nutrient rationing for poultry. The data on the needs of all types of poultry, taking into account age, in nutrients, minerals and biologically active substances are given. The characteristic of the main feed means and rational norms of their inclusion in the compound feed for poultry are given. Modern data on the role of vitamins, macro- and microelements, enzyme preparations, probiotics, prebiotics, phytobiotics, organic acids, antioxidants, fat emulsifiers and other sources of biologically active substances in poultry nutrition are presented. Attention is paid to the main technological parameters of poultry keeping. The nutritional factors that reduce immunity, as well as the causes of the main diseases associated with the quality of feed, with violations in the rationing of nutrient, mineral and biologically active substances, the technology of feeding and keeping poultry, are described, methods of their prevention are given. Criteria for the adequacy of nutrition and maintenance of a bird to its genetic potential are stated. The book is intended for specialists and managers of poultry farms, enterprises of the feed industry, researchers, graduate students and students.

15

Grandin, Temple, ed. Improving animal welfare: a practical approach. 3rd ed. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245219.0000.

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Abstract The third edition of this book contains a total of 20 chapters (including 3 new chapters), including the implementation of an effective animal welfare programme; the importance of measurement to improve the welfare of livestock, poultry and fish; the social and ethical importance of agricultural animal welfare; the implementation of effective animal-based measurements for assessing animal welfare on farms and slaughter plants; how to improve livestock handling and reduce stress; painful husbandry procedures in livestock and poultry; the importance of good stockmanship and its benefits to animals; in-farm considerations of animal behaviour and emotions; improving livestock, poultry and fish welfare in slaughter plants with auditing programmes and animal-based measures; recommended on-farm euthanasia practices; welfare during transport of livestock and poultry; animal well-being on organic farms; a practical approach on sustainability for supply chain managers of meat, dairy and other animal proteins; the effect of economic factors on the welfare of livestock and poultry; practical approaches for changing and improving animal care and welfare; successful technology transfer of behavioural and animal welfare research to the farm and slaughter plant; technological innovations for individualized animal care and welfare; technology designed to enhance poultry welfare; precision livestock farming and technology in swine welfare and practical methods for improving the welfare of horses, donkeys and mules. There is also a list of videos that will allow students to see different types of farms and technology for raising broiler chickens, cattle, laying hens and pigs. This book provides practical information which will enable veterinarians, managers, animal scientists and policy makers to improve welfare. It will be especially useful for training animal welfare specialists.

16

Freeman, Sophia. Fixers: 25 Organic Recipes That Helps Reduces Blood Pressure. Independently Published, 2019.

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17

Communities, European. Implementation of Economic Measures to Reduce Emissions of Organic Solvents. European Communities / Union (EUR-OP/OOPEC/OPOCE), 1996.

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18

Immiscible liquid metals and organics. Oberursel: DGM Informationsgesellschaft, 1993.

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19

Microgravity studies of organic and polymeric materials: Proceedings of a workshop held in Huntsville, Alabama, April 27, 1993. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Program, 1994.

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20

Thor Agustsson, Tomas, and Paul Carroll. The patient with reduced renal function. Edited by David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0132.

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Although advances in biochemistry, physiology, cell biology, molecular biology, and genetics have explained many of the mechanisms of endocrine disease and hormone function, the essential subject of endocrinology remains the same—the signaling, by secreted substances, which control and coordinate the function of multiple organs and processes. These processes affect both the precise short-term control of whole body homeostasis and longer-term adaptation and developmental changes.

21

Emond, Jean C., and Thomas G. Heffron. Reduced-Sized Liver Transplantation (Medical Intelligence Unit). R G Landes Co, 1994.

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22

CSN, Joe Correa. 100 Arthritis Salad and Meal Recipes: Reduce Pain and Discomfort through Organic Superfood Sources. Independently Published, 2019.

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23

Sperber, Sebastian, David J. Sarokin, Catherine G. Miller, and Warren R. Muir. Cutting Chemical Wastes: What 29 Organic Chemical Plants Are Doing to Reduce Hazardous Wastes (An Inform Report). Inform, 1986.

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24

Ronco, Claudio, and Zaccaria Ricci. Renal support therapy. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0029.

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Renal dysfunction is known to be frequently a component of multiple organ failure, a complex syndrome affecting the most severely ill critical patients. Bidirectional interaction between the kidneys and other organs has always been suspected; evidence suggests that severe kidney injury is an important protagonist in acute illness, even when managed by dialysis. In fact, if it seems that increasing the dose of renal replacement therapy does not reduce mortality, it could be inferred that acute kidney injury influences mortality through means that are not reversed by conventional renal support, either because the putative culprit toxins are not removed by renal replacement therapy or because renal replacement therapy is started too late to prevent these effects. It is known that the kidneys exert effects on other organs, such as the lung, liver, heart, and brain, in a process called ‘crosstalk’. This effect means that the kidney is not only a victim, but also a culprit regarding the malfunction of other organs. This chapter will detail some traditional aspects of different renal replacement therapy modalities and prescription schedules, but it will also describe the most recent evidence on the management and support of the kidney during failure of other organs.

25

Ronco, Claudio, and Zaccaria Ricci. Renal support therapy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0029_update_001.

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Renal dysfunction is known to be frequently a component of multiple organ failure, a complex syndrome affecting the most severely ill critical patients. Bidirectional interaction between the kidneys and other organs has always been suspected; evidence suggests that severe kidney injury is an important protagonist in acute illness, even when managed by dialysis. In fact, if it seems that increasing the dose of renal replacement therapy does not reduce mortality, it could be inferred that acute kidney injury influences mortality through means that are not reversed by conventional renal support, either because the putative culprit toxins are not removed by renal replacement therapy or because renal replacement therapy is started too late to prevent these effects. It is known that the kidneys exert effects on other organs, such as the lung, liver, heart, and brain, in a process called ‘crosstalk’. This effect means that the kidney is not only a victim, but also a culprit regarding the malfunction of other organs. This chapter will detail some traditional aspects of different renal replacement therapy modalities and prescription schedules, but it will also describe the most recent evidence on the management and support of the kidney during failure of other organs.

26

Ronco, Claudio, and Zaccaria Ricci. Renal support therapy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0029_update_002.

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Renal dysfunction is known to be frequently a component of multiple organ failure, a complex syndrome affecting the most severely ill critical patients. Bidirectional interaction between the kidneys and other organs has always been suspected; evidence suggests that severe kidney injury is an important protagonist in acute illness, even when managed by dialysis. In fact, if it seems that increasing the dose of renal replacement therapy does not reduce mortality, it could be inferred that acute kidney injury influences mortality through means that are not reversed by conventional renal support, either because the putative culprit toxins are not removed by renal replacement therapy or because renal replacement therapy is started too late to prevent these effects. It is known that the kidneys exert effects on other organs, such as the lung, liver, heart, and brain, in a process called ‘crosstalk’. This effect means that the kidney is not only a victim, but also a culprit regarding the malfunction of other organs. This chapter will detail some traditional aspects of different renal replacement therapy modalities and prescription schedules, but it will also describe the most recent evidence on the management and support of the kidney during failure of other organs.

27

Kastten, Mary J. Medical Marijuana for Anxiety: The All Natural, Effective, Organic Treatment Option to Reduce and Reverse Anxiety. Independently Published, 2020.

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28

Kastten, Mary J. Medical Marijuana for Diabetes: The All Natural, Effective, Organic Treatment Option to Reduce and Reverse Diabetes. Independently Published, 2020.

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29

Kastten, Mary J. Medical Marijuana for Depression: The All Natural, Effective, Organic Treatment Option to Reduce and Reverse Depression. Independently Published, 2020.

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30

Kastten, Mary J. Medical Marijuana for Dementia: The All Natural, Effective, Organic Treatment Option to Reduce and Reverse Anxiety. Independently Published, 2020.

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31

Technical support document for a proposed regulation to reduce volatile organic compound emissions from antiperspirants and deodorants. [ ]: State of California, Air Resources Board, 1989.

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32

Kirchman, David L. Processes in anoxic environments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789406.003.0011.

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During organic material degradation in oxic environments, electrons from organic material, the electron donor, are transferred to oxygen, the electron acceptor, during aerobic respiration. Other compounds, such as nitrate, iron, sulfate, and carbon dioxide, take the place of oxygen during anaerobic respiration in anoxic environments. The order in which these compounds are used by bacteria and archaea (only a few eukaryotes are capable of anaerobic respiration) is set by thermodynamics. However, concentrations and chemical state also determine the relative importance of electron acceptors in organic carbon oxidation. Oxygen is most important in the biosphere, while sulfate dominates in marine systems, and carbon dioxide in environments with low sulfate concentrations. Nitrate respiration is important in the nitrogen cycle but not in organic material degradation because of low nitrate concentrations. Organic material is degraded and oxidized by a complex consortium of organisms, the anaerobic food chain, in which the by-products from physiological types of organisms becomes the starting material of another. The consortium consists of biopolymer hydrolysis, fermentation, hydrogen gas production, and the reduction of either sulfate or carbon dioxide. The by-product of sulfate reduction, sulfide and other reduced sulfur compounds, is oxidized back eventually to sulfate by either non-phototrophic, chemolithotrophic organisms or by phototrophic microbes. The by-product of another main form of anaerobic respiration, carbon dioxide reduction, is methane, which is produced only by specific archaea. Methane is degraded aerobically by bacteria and anaerobically by some archaea, sometimes in a consortium with sulfate-reducing bacteria. Cultivation-independent approaches focusing on 16S rRNA genes and a methane-related gene (mcrA) have been instrumental in understanding these consortia because the microbes remain uncultivated to date. The chapter ends with some discussion about the few eukaryotes able to reproduce without oxygen. In addition to their ecological roles, anaerobic protists provide clues about the evolution of primitive eukaryotes.

33

Dame Rosalyn, DBE, QC, Higgins, Webb Philippa, Akande Dapo, Sivakumaran Sandesh, and Sloan James. Part 2 The United Nations: What it is, 4 The Trusteeship Council. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808312.003.0004.

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The Trusteeship Council was established as a principal organ of the UN and charged with responsibility for assisting in the administration and supervision of ‘trust territories’. It carried out this function in relation to 11 trust territories between 1946 and 1994. On 25 May 1994, the process of self-government or independence for the people of Palau—the last remaining trust territory—was completed. On 1 November 1994, the Trusteeship Council suspended its functioning. Despite calls for its dissolution, the Trusteeship Council remains in existence and continues to meet periodically. However, it does not carry on any substantive activity and is instead ‘reduced to a purely formal existence’. This chapter discusses the Council’s membership, procedure and meetings, functions, objectives, trust territories, non-self-governing territories, relations with other principal organs, and reform.

34

Vannuzzo, Diego, and Simona Giampaoli. Primary prevention: principles and practice. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656653.003.0007.

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Cardiovascular primary prevention is a coordinated set of actions at community and individual level aimed at eradicating, eliminating, or compressing at later ages the impact of cardiovascular diseases and their related disability. Its aim is healthy ageing. Cardiovascular epidemiology has elucidated the role of cardiovascular risk factors, forming the basis of strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk and subsequent disease. There is evidence that cardiovascular primary prevention works if three strategies are implemented together: a population strategy (particularly through a widespread adoption of healthy lifestyles) which aims to keep everyone at low risk from infancy and reduces the cardiovascular risk profile of the whole community; an individualized high-risk strategy through lifestyle changes also prophylactic evidence-based drugs if necessary; and an individualized intermediate-risk strategy which may benefit from non-invasive assessment of subclinical disease and end organ damage.

35

Vannuzzo, Diego, and Simona Giampaoli. Primary prevention: principles and practice. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656653.003.0007_update_001.

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Cardiovascular primary prevention is a coordinated set of actions at community and individual level aimed at eradicating, eliminating, or compressing at later ages the impact of cardiovascular diseases and their related disability. Its aim is healthy ageing. Cardiovascular epidemiology has elucidated the role of cardiovascular risk factors, forming the basis of strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk and subsequent disease. There is evidence that cardiovascular primary prevention works if three strategies are implemented together: a population strategy (particularly through a widespread adoption of healthy lifestyles) which aims to keep everyone at low risk from infancy and reduces the cardiovascular risk profile of the whole community; an individualized high-risk strategy through lifestyle changes also prophylactic evidence-based drugs if necessary; and an individualized intermediate-risk strategy which may benefit from non-invasive assessment of subclinical disease and end organ damage.

36

Kastten, Mary. Medical Marijuana for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: The All Natural, Effective, Organic Treatment Option to Reduce and Reverse Anxiety. Independently Published, 2020.

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37

Kastten, Mary J. Medical Marijuana for Chronic Pain: The All Natural, Effective, Organic Treatment Option to Reduce and Reverse Chronic Pain. Independently Published, 2020.

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38

CSN, Joe Correa. 39 Low Sodium Juice Recipes: Reduce the Amount of Salt You Consume Using Organic Ingredients that Taste Great. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2017.

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39

Ogura, F., and Y. Aso. Design of Novel Chalcogen-Containing Organic Metals: Extensively Conjugated Electron Donors and Acceptors with Reduced On-site Coulomb Repulsion. Taylor & Francis Group, 1992.

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40

Colombetti, Giovanna, and Neil Harrison. From physiology to experience: Enriching existing conceptions of “arousal” in affective science. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811930.003.0013.

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This chapter examines the notion of “arousal”, an influential notion in affective science referring to the degree of an individual’s “activation” or “excitement” during an emotional state. It considers this notion specifically in relation to interoception, defined broadly as “sensitivity to stimuli arising inside the organism.” “Physiological arousal” is distinguished from “experienced arousal” and it is argued that both need to be characterized more broadly than commonly done. Physiological arousal cannot be reduced to sympathetic activation, as it involves complex interactions between multiple functionally distinct pathways within sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system, as well as endocrine and immune systems, and even the gut microbiota. Relatedly, experienced arousal does not reduce to the perception of changes in the body sensed by visceral afferents in response to autonomic nervous system activity but also includes humorally mediated interoceptive pathways, somatic sensations of various kinds, and “background” bodily feelings.

41

Huneman, Philippe, and Charles T. Wolfe. Man-Machines and Embodiment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190490447.003.0011.

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A common and enduring early modern intuition is that materialists reduce organisms in general and human beings in particular to automata. Wasn’t a famous book of the time (1748) entitled L’Homme-Machine? In fact, the machine is employed as an analogy, and there was a specifically materialist form of embodiment, in which the body is not reduced to an inanimate machine, but is conceived as an affective, flesh-and-blood entity. This paper discusses how mechanist and vitalist models of organism exist in a more complementary relation than hitherto imagined, with conceptions of embodiment resulting from experimental physiology. From La Mettrie to Bernard, mechanism, body and embodiment are constantly overlapping, modifying and overdetermining one another; embodiment came to be scientifically addressed under the successive figures of vie organique and then milieu intérieur, thereby overcoming the often lamented divide between scientific image and living experience.

42

Herron, Renee. Apple Cider Vinegar: Complete Guide for Natural Apple Drink and Organic Recipe to Help Reduce Cholesterol and Regulate Sugar. Independently Published, 2021.

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43

Hartley, Alice E., and Toby Page. Renal and retroperitoneal abscess. Edited by Rob Pickard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0005.

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Retroperitoneal infections are often difficult to diagnose as their clinical presentation is often non-specific. They generally occur in people with anatomical abnormalities, malignancy, injury, or infection of the retroperitoneal organs, but may result from lymphatic or haematogenous spread. Delayed diagnosis can lead to abscess formation with associated high morbidity and risk of mortality. The retroperitoneum can be divided into anterior, perinephric, and posterior compartments and an understanding of this anatomy can help localize the source of infection. Both aerobic and anaerobic organisms can be responsible; the cause of the infection should be identified and treated. In patients who fail to respond to antibiotics, surgical abscess drainage or removal of the infected tissue may need to be performed. Early diagnosis and treatment is critical in preventing subsequent abscess formation and organ damage and to reduce the risk of morbidity.

44

Kotton, Camille Nelson. Infection. Edited by Jeremy R. Chapman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0284_update_001.

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The immunosuppression which makes organ transplantation possible increases the risk of infections, both ordinary and opportunistic. The accurate diagnosis and management of infection after organ transplantation reduces morbidity and improves survival. Infections can be acquired in the hospital (i.e. nosocomial infections), from the transplant itself, from the blood product donor, from reactivation of latent infection in the host or from community exposure. Although viral infections are the most common, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections are also seen. While the intensity of immunosuppression is at its highest for a year after solid organ transplant, most opportunistic infections occur in the first 6 months.

45

Bouscaren, R. Volatile Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxides: Cost Effectiveness of Measures Designed to Reduce the Emissions of Precursors of Photochemical Oxidants. European Communities / Union (EUR-OP/OOPEC/OPOCE), 1988.

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46

Money, Nicholas P. 7. Microbes in agriculture and biotechnology. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199681686.003.0007.

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‘Microbes in agriculture and biotechnology’ considers the applied microbiological research to improve soil fertility and combat plant diseases, as well as the development of genetically modified (GM) food, which may help to reduce the cost of modern agricultural practices and their contribution to climate change. Natural mechanisms that control soil fertility are inadequate to the task of supporting modern intensive agriculture and a human population that may exceed nine billion in 2050. Intensive grazing of cattle on deforested land is similarly unsustainable. Even in areas where soils are exceedingly rich, crop productivity falls without soil amendment with organic matter and inorganic fertilizers.

47

Rajendram, Rajkumar. Management of acute pancreatitis in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0191.

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The major causes of morbidity and mortality in acute pancreatitis are organ dysfunction and infection of necrotic tissue. Management should aim to prevent, or to diagnose and treat, the complications of pancreatic inflammation, and any predisposing factors to avoid recurrence. Medical management is essentially supportive with oxygen, intravenous fluids, analgesia, enteral or parenteral nutrition, and correction of metabolic abnormalities. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis are unlikely to resume prompt oral intake so nutritional support is also required. Post-pyloric feeding is not required if nasogastric feeding is tolerated. However, enteral nutrition, whether oral, gastric, or post-pyloric, can cause pain, recurrence of pancreatitis or an increase in fluid collections, so parenteral nutrition may be necessary. The necrotic pancreas becomes infected in a third of patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Treatment of infection includes systemic antimicrobials, enteral nutrition, percutaneous aspiration, and necrosectomy. However, compared with open necrosectomy, a minimally invasive step-up approach consisting of percutaneous drainage followed, if necessary, by open necrosectomy, reduces morbidity and mortality. The aetiology of the pancreatitis must also be treated to prevent recurrence and the complications of pancreatic failure. Gallstones are the most common cause of pancreatitis that requires specific treatment. Endoscopic or surgical removal of stones may reduce the severity of pancreatitis. Patients should also have cholecystectomy after recovery from gallstone pancreatitis. Effective management of acute pancreatitis requires multidisciplinary engagement. The mainstay of management involves supportive prevention and treatment of complications, infection, and organ failure to avoid or delay surgery.

48

Tanaka, Sébastien, and Jacques Duranteau. Management of acute non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0165.

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Severe capillary leak is an important factor in the pathogenesis of organ dysfunction following inflammatory syndromes such as sepsis-induced acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Various interventions, such as a conservative fluid strategy, albumin, and diuretics are designed to maintain an adequate intravascular colloid osmotic pressure, reduce capillary leak and reduce extravascular water. Of these, only a conservative, rather than liberal fluid strategy is currently recommended. Preclinical studies in ARDS and sepsis suggest that preventing microvascular leak may represent a viable therapeutic approach to prevent or ameliorate organ dysfunction. The challenge is to now go further with carefully designed clinical trials.

49

Cho, Youngsang. JADAM Organic Farming: Innovative organic farming technology established in Korea. No-till, Weed free, and High-Yield, Ultra-Low-Cost cultivation technologies that can dramatically help reduce the labor force. Make your own All - Powerful Natural Pesticides, microbial inputs, and fertilizers. JADAM, 2016.

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50

Caso, Antonio. Existence as Economy and as Charity. Translated by Alexander V. Stehn and Jose G. Rodriguez. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190601294.003.0003.

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Antonio Caso rejects the effort of biologists to reduce life to the organic world, a sphere of existence that is defined by economy and egoism, best summarized in the formula: Life = Minimum Effort x Maximum Gain. The problem is that this cannot explain what he calls “disinterested activity,” such as play, art, and self-sacrifice. His primary example of disinterested or selfless activity is the life of Jesus, which Caso also believes is the height of human dignity. In other words, Caso not only argues that there is more than one order of life or existence; he also argues that selfless activity is ultimately what distinguishes human life, whose best expression is found in the essence of Christianity: to give oneself to others “without fear of exhaustion.” To be human is to be willing to sacrifice oneself, best expressed in the following formula: Sacrifice = Maximum Effort x Minimum Gain.