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Journal articles on the topic 'Organic manures'
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1
Shepherd, M. A. "Managing manures in organic farming." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2003 (2003): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200013958.
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Knowledge of manure composition is important for farm nutrient management, either if importing manure onto a farm or transferring nutrients around the farm in ‘home produced’ manures. Many factors affect the nutrient content of the manure ready to spread onto the land (Smith & Frost, 2000): dietary input and quality, nutrient losses during housing and storage and additions of bedding material and/or water. There are many reports of average values for manures from conventionally raised livestock (e.g. Anon., 2000 for the U.K.). However, there are less data available for manures produced on organic holdings. It is probable that composition will differ from conventionally produced manures because of differences in diet and manure storage methods (composting and/or long-term storage). Therefore, we aimed to test this under U.K. conditions by analysing cattle manures from organic holdings for comparison with data on conventionally produced manures.
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Vipitha, V. P., and V. L. Geethakumari. "Evaluation of Different Organic Manure Mixtures in Vegetable Amaranth Cultivation." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v9i1.230.
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An investigation was conducted during 2009-2011 at College of Agriculture, Vellayani, to develop bio-organic composite manures containing at least 3%N, with N:K ratio of 1:0.5, and to evaluate the effect of these manures on growth and productivity of vegetables. The investigation comprised three separate experiments, namely, formulation and quality evaluation of bio-organic composite manures, mineralization of bio-organic composite manures, and, crop response study. Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) was raised as a test crop for the study. Organic sources used in the preparation of bio-organic composite manures were:coir pith compost, poultry manure, neem cake, ground nut cake, ash, rock dust and microbial consortium. Five composite organic manures, satisfying the selection criteria (3%N, N:K ratio of 1:0.5), were identified for further investigation. Results of the crop response study revealed that among the bio-organic composite manures used, maximum yield was obtained under poultry manure (50g)+ground nut cake(30g)+rock dust(19g)+microbial consortium (1g), and this was on par with (i) coir pith compost(50g)+ground nut cake(35g)+ash(15g), and, (ii) poultry manure (50g)+ground nut cake(30g)+rock dust(20g).
3
YEPTHO, AVITOLI K., A. K. SINGH, S. P. KANAUJIA, and V. B. SINGH. "Quality production of kharif onion (Allium cepa) in response to biofertilizers inoculated organic manures." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 82, no. 3 (March 12, 2012): 236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v82i3.15946.
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Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a highly nutrient responsive vegetable crop. In the light of fragmental information available on the response of kharif onion to biofertilizers enriched organic manures, a field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2006–08 on acidic kaolinitic Rhodustalf soil representing foothill conditions of Nagaland. Amongst different organic manures, poultry manure produced the highest response on bulb yield (21.18 tonnes/ha), followed by FYM (16.74 tonnes/ha), vermicompost (14.37 tonnes/ha) = pig manure (12.74 tonnes/ha). Incorporation of Azotobacter chroococcum into different organic manures failed to improvise any significant changes in bulb yield due to high initial microbial abundance in organic manures. Different growth-attributing characters followed the similar response. Poultry manure similarly registered highest nutrient uptake as kg/ha (26.39 N – 10.91 P – 55.96 K), followed by FYM (22.80 N – 9.10 P – 47.90 K) with Pig manure and vermicompost (15.08/16.72 N – 7.30/10.91 P – 51.02/55.96 K) displaying no significant difference. Economic analysis in terms of cost : benefit ratio supported these observations. These studies proposed that if organic manures possess enough initial microbial load, the biofortification of organic manures need not be exercised.
4
Kurniawati, Ari, Maya Melati, Sandra Arifin Aziz, and Purwono Purwono. "Diversity of Functional Soil Microbes in Manures and Its Effect on Organic Mustard Green (Brassica juncea) Production." Journal of Tropical Crop Science 6, no. 01 (February 18, 2019): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.6.01.60-66.
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The application of organic fertilizer, especially manures, for crop production has long-term effects for soil nutrients availability and improvement of soil structure. The improvement of soil properties involves interactions of various types of microorganism in the soil. The research aimed to study the effects of different types of manures on the diversity of functional soil microbes and its effects on organic green mustard production. The experiment was conducted at IPB organic research field, Cikarawang, Darmaga,
Bogor, from April to June 2015. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with two factors; the first factor was types of manure, i.e. chicken, cow, and goat manures; the second factor was manure rates, i.e. 0 and 10 ton.ha-1, so there were six treatments in total, replicated three times.
The results showed that chicken manure application resulted in a higher mustard green yield and soil-P content than application of goat manure. The addition 10 ton.ha-1 of manures increased C-organic,
N, K, and C/N ratio in soil significantly, but mustard green production was not affected. The diversity of microbe population of the soil treated with all types of manures was high. The addition 10 ton.ha-1 of manures decreased the total number of microbes, but increased the number of cellulose-degrading microbes. The population of cellulose-degrading and phosphate-solubilizing microbes in the soil applied with cow manure was higher than those applied with the other manures.
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R, DEVARAJAN, and KRISHNASAMY R. "EFFECT OF ZINC ENRICHED ORGANIC MANURES ON RICE YIELD." Madras Agricultural Journal 83, May (1996): 280–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a01022.
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A pot experiment was conducted to study the influence of well decomposed organic manures, zine enriched (ZnE) organic manures, different levels of Zn on ADT-36 rice yield and organic carbon and available Zn content in post-harvest soils. Two types of soils were used for the pot experiment. The experiment was conducted adopting completely factorial randomised design. The results revealed that grain and straw yield of rice was associated with the application of ZnE organic manures I tha than the recommended level of organic manure @ 12.5 t ha-1. The enrichment of organic manures @ 1.25 mg Zn kg-1 increased the grain and straw yield to the tune of 26 per cent over on Zn application which showed the possibility of reducing fertilizer Zn rates. Among the ZnE organic manures, FYM+ GLM enriched with 1.25 mg Zn Kg increased grain yield markedly over organic manures @ 12.5 t.ha-1.
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ANWARUL ISLAM MONDOL, Abu Taher, Muhammad Khairul ALAM, Md HARUN-OR-RASHID, Md Akhter HOSSAIN CHOWDHURY, and Sharif AHMED. "UNVEILING THE NATURE OF CARBON DECOMPOSITION ON DIFFERENT ORGANIC MANURE SOURCES: THE IMPACT OF TEMPERATURE REGIMES IN A SUBTROPICAL CLIMATE." Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment 56, no. 4(196)/2023 (February 2024): 641–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.46909/alse-564120.
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Organic sources are vital for crop nutrient management, but nutrient release from organic manure depends on temperature and other factors. We conducted a laboratory incubation study to investigate how temperature (15, 25, 35°C) affects the decomposition of common organic manure, which has not yet been explored in Bangladesh. The organic manures used in this study are poultry manure (PM), vermicompost (VC), bio-slurry (BS), cow dung (CD), water hyacinth compost (WHC) and rice straw compost (RSC), which were compared with a control treatment (only soil). Carbon mineralisation and CO2 emission from microbial respiration varied among organic manures and temperature regimes. The RSC- and WHC-treated soils had a higher C mineralisation than the other manures at 35°C. The mineralisation of C among the organic manures followed the order: RSC > WHC > CD > VC > BS > PM > control. Among the temperature regimes, C mineralisation followed the order 35°C > 25°C > 15°C. Manure mineralisation was associated with mineralisable C pools (carbon availability factor, Caf), and 16.4–36.5% organic C was released. Irrespective of temperature regimes, the highest easily mineralisable Caf was recorded in PM-amended soil, followed by VC-amended soil. RSC had the lowest Caf under all temperature regimes. The Caf values of all incubated manures were higher under a 35°C temperature regime. Compost preparation from organic manure and its utilisation as an integrated nutrient management component can play essential roles in mitigating climate change, reducing environmental degradation, and building more sustainable and resilient agrifood systems.
7
Kumar, Vijay C., G. N. Gajanana, and B. Basavaraj. "Influence of Sources of Organic Manures on Availability of Micronutrients to Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana, Gaertn) in Alfisal." Mapana - Journal of Sciences 2, no. 2 (April 15, 2004): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12723/mjs.4.2.
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Field experiment was conducted on a sandy loam soil to know the periodic changes in DTPA extractable micro nutrients Zn,Fe,Cu and Mn with different sources of organic manures in conjunction with fertilizer were studied at 0-15 cm soil depth during finger mil;let growth. Application of organics alone or in combination with fertilizers significantly increased DTPA extractable micro nutrients when compared to NPK alone. Among the organic sources Farmyard Manure treated soil recorded maximum DTPA extractable micronutrients Zn,Fe,Cu, and Mn when compared to Green leaf manure and Vermicompost. With intensive cropping of high analysis fertilizer, soils are becoming deficient in micronutrients. Although some work has been reported in Punjab and other states on the effect of different sources of organic manures on the building up of nutrients and yield of crops, very little work has been done with respect to micro nutrient elements. The present studies were conducted to know the effect of different sources of organic manures on Micro nutrient availability in sandy loam soil in finger millet crop.
8
Basnet, Manoj, Shanta Man Shakya, and Bandhu Raj Baral. "Response of organic manures on post harvest and soil nutrient restoration on cauliflower production." Journal of Agriculture and Environment 18 (May 12, 2018): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v18i0.19891.
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This study was conducted at Ilam Municipality-2, Nepal to determine the response of organic manures on post harvest and nutrient restorative effect of cauliflower. Five manures, viz., bansoon, mustard oil cake, poultry manure, farmyard manure, and vermi-compost were evaluated. The postharvest losses, vitamin C content and soil nutrient restorative behavior were significantly highest with vermi-compost as compared to other manures. The maximum vitamin C content of 10.92 mg/100 gm was found with vermi-compost whereas the lowest of 9.66 mg/100 gm was found at farmyard manure. Moreover, the physiological losses were found to be least with vermi compost and the most with bansoon manure. Moreover, the restorative properties i.e. pH, N,P,K and organic %age were found to be significantly highest with vermi-compost as compared to other organic manures. This study concludes that vermi compost increases vitamin C content, postharvest longevity and improvement of physical and chemical properties of the soil.
9
K, APPAVU, and SARAVANAN A. "EFECT OF ORGANIC MANURES AND TILLAGE PRACTICES ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND CROP YIELDS UNDER SORGHUM- SOYBEAN CROPPING SEQUENCE." Madras Agricultural Journal 86, December (1999): 561–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00658.
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A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic manure application on soil physical properties at the harvest of the sorghum crop and its residual effect on the succeeding crop of soybean. The residual effect was studied in combination with tillage treatments that the addition of organic manures to the first crop especially poultry manure and farm yard manure increased the yield besides improving the physical properties of soil and organic carbon status. The residual effect of organic manures was well pronounced in soybean yield. Though the improvement in soil physical properties as influenced by different organic manures did not significantly vary among themselves, the physical fertility increased markedly over control. Disc ploughing and stubble management without irrigation enhanced the total porosity and hydraulic conductivity of the soil significantly,
10
Szogi, Ariel A., Virginia H. Takata, and Paul D. Shumaker. "Chemical Extraction of Phosphorus from Dairy Manure and Utilization of Recovered Manure Solids." Agronomy 10, no. 11 (November 6, 2020): 1725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111725.
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Repeated land application of dairy manure can increase soil phosphorus above crop requirements because of manure’s low nitrogen (N) to phosphorus (P) ratio (N:P < 4:1). This soil P build-up can lead to off-site P transport and impairment of surface water quality. We evaluated a treatment process to extract P from manures, called Quick Wash, integrated with a double-stage solids separation system to recover coarse and fine manure solids. The Quick Wash process uses a combination of acid, base, and organic polymers to extract and recover P from manures, improving the N:P ratio of recovered manure solids (RMS). Results showed that coarse RMS could have use as bedding materials for dairy cows, and the fine acidified RMS with N:P > 10:1 can be used as a low-P organic soil amendment. A soil incubation test showed that acidified RMS stimulated N mineralization and nitrification having higher nitrate levels than untreated dairy slurry when incorporated into soil. Our results suggest that the inclusion of Quick Wash in a dairy manure management system can improve manure’s value, lowering costs of bedding material and manure hauling, and recover P for use as fertilizer while reducing the environmental impact of land spreading manure P.
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RP Amipara and BD Makwana. "Efficacy of organic inputs on nutrient management and cost-benefit ratio on pulse crops in organic farming." Journal of Agriculture and Ecology 16 (July 27, 2023): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.58628/jae-2316-202.
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The wide range of external solid organic sources of nutrients viz., FYM, vermicompost, goat manure, etc., are available, out of them, FYM & vermicompost are found to good in terms of yield and quality of the different pulse crops. Several options are available for liquid manures, among them higher yield, quality and cost-benefit ratio of the produce reported with the application of Panchagavya and jeevamrut. Crop residue mulching with organic manures was also found effective. Integrated application of organic and natural inputs as solid and liquid manures gave better results than sole application.
12
VINAY SINGH. "Productivity and economics of rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system under integrated nutrient-supply system in recently reclaimed sodic soil." Indian Journal of Agronomy 51, no. 2 (October 10, 2001): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v51i2.4976.
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A field experiment was conducted during the rainy and winter seasons of 2001-04 to study the influence of integrated nutrient-supply system, comprising inorganic fertilizers and organic manures on the soil-fertility status, productivity and economics of rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) cropping system. Three organic manures @ 10 tonneslha, viz. farmyard manure (FYM), Sesbania canabina (Retz.) Pers. (dhaincha) and cut rice straw were added at 50 and 100% of the recommended doses of NPK fertilizers. The green-manure dhaincha [Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. syn, S. aculeata] applied with 100% of recommended dose of NPK fertilizers gave the maximum yield of rice as well as wheat crop. This treatment also gave the highest net return and benefit : cost ratio and produced significantly higher biomass in terms of rice- equivalent yield. The total uptake of N, P, K and Zn by both the crops increased significantly with the application of fertilizers or their combined use with organic manures. Among the organic manures the overall performance of green-manure was the best, followed by farmyard manure and cut rice straw. Application of farmyard manure and cut rice straw as well as green-manuring in rice and wheat significantly improved the available N, P, K and Zn status of the soil.
13
CHADWICK, D. R., F. JOHN, B. F. PAIN, B. J. CHAMBERS, and J. WILLIAMS. "Plant uptake of nitrogen from the organic nitrogen fraction of animal manures: a laboratory experiment." Journal of Agricultural Science 134, no. 2 (March 2000): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859699007510.
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Twenty slurries, 20 farmyard manures (FYM) and 10 poultry manures were chemically analysed to characterize their nitrogen (N) fractions and to assess their potential organic N supply. The organic N fraction varied between manure types and represented from 14% to 99% of the total N content. The readily mineralizable N fraction, measured by refluxing with KCl, was largest in the pig FYMs and broiler litters, but on average only represented 7–8% of the total N content. A pot experiment was undertaken to measure N mineralization from the organic N fraction of 17 of these manures. The ammonium-N content of the manures was removed and the remaining organic N mixed with a low mineral N status sandy soil, which was sown with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). N offtake was used as a measure of mineralization throughout the 199 day experiment. The greatest N mineralization was measured from a layer manure and a pig slurry, where N offtake represented 56% and 37% of the organic N added, respectively. Lowest (%) N mineralization was measured from a dairy cow slurry (< 2%) and a beef FYM (6%). The mineralization rate was negatively related to the C[ratio ]organic N ratio of the ammonium-N stripped manures (P < 0·01, r = −0·63).
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Jayachandran, Sivasankari, Arunkumar Jayaraman, and Appachanda Thimmaiah. "Physio-chemical and microbial characterization of organic and biodynamic manures collected from different farms in India." International Journal of Complementary & Alternative Medicine 16, no. 4 (August 3, 2023): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ijcam.2023.16.00655.
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The organic and biodynamic manures based on animal, plant and house hold waste which have both direct and indirect benefits to soil and crop growth. This paper reports the characterization of organic and biodynamic manures collected from three farms in India. A total of 14 manures were collectedand processed for determination of physico-chemical properties such as pH, EC, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, organic carbon and humic acids and microbial enumerations by following the standard methods.The present work on the physico- chemical analysis of different organic and biodynamic manures corroborated with all the results that the biodynamic preparations are rich in micronutrients and BD compost, CPP vermicompost and FarmYard Manure was high in major nutrients (N and K).Based on physico-chemical properties the nutritional index of biodynamic manures was derived. Agriculture or domestic waste can be effectively converted into nutrient enriched manures for soil fertility.
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Ananthi, T and J. Shilpa Shree. "Influence of Integrated Nutrient Management Practices on Soil Fertility and Yield of Fodder Maize in Chennai." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 36, no. 5 (March 20, 2024): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54511.
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Field experiments were conducted to study the influence of fodder maize (Zea mays L.) by adopting different bulky organic manures and fertilizer levels on the soil fertility status and fodder yield of maize. The study was conducted during rabi season of 2019 and 2020 at the Department of Agronomy, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai. An experiment was laid out in split plot design. Main plots consisted of different organic manure treatments viz., No manure, farm yard manure (25 t ha-1), vermicompost (12 t ha-1) and poultry manure (12 t ha-1). Sub plots consisted of varying level of fertilizer treatments viz., No fertilizer, 125% RDF, 100% RDF, 75% RDF. The blanket recommendation of fertilizer to fodder maize is 60 kg N ha-1: 40 kg P2O5 ha-1: 20 kg K2O ha-1. The organic manures were applied as per the N equivalent basis to inorganic nutrient recommendation. The results revealed that all the soil parameters, green and dry fodder yield were significantly affected with the application of organic manures and fertilizer levels. Organic sources of nutrients tended to improve soil physico-chemical properties viz., bulk density, water holding capacity, porosity and organic carbon. The highest organic carbon content was noticed with the application of poultry manure (0.50 %) followed by poultry manure. The post harvest available soil nutrients was high in fodder maize grown with poultry manure along with 125% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer to fodder maize recorded higher soil available nitrogen (109.48 kg ha-1), phosphorus (15.46 kg ha-1) and potassium (118.65 kg ha-1). Significantly higher green and dry fodder yield of maize was recorded with application of poultry manure along with 75 % recommended dose of fertilizer. Hence, application of organic manures specifically poultry manure along with low level of fertilizer improved the soil fertility and thus increased the green fodder yield of maize.
16
Mavi, M., B. Singh, and R. Setia. "Effect of organics on nitrogen transformations in soil under different moisture regimes." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 56, no. 3 (September 1, 2008): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.56.2008.3.4.
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Awareness of the environmental aspects of the quality of crop production has increased in recent decades, leading to renewed interest in organics such as crop residues, green manures and organic manures. The effect of organics on urea transformation was investigated by conducting a laboratory incubation experiment in alluvial clay loam soil (Typic Ustifluvents) at 33±1°C with two moisture levels (1:1 soil:water ratio and field capacity). The rate of urea hydrolysis decreased as the time of incubation increased and the disappearance of urea N was associated with a corresponding increase in the (NH 4+ + NO 3− )-N content in soils treated with crop residues (rice straw and wheat straw), organic manures (poultry manure and farmyard manure) and green manures (cowpea and sesbania). In untreated soil, the time taken for the complete hydrolysis of the applied urea (200 μg urea N g −1 soil) was more than 96 h at both the moisture levels, whereas in amended soils it was completed in 48 h. The rate of urea hydrolysis was more rapid at field capacity than at the 1:1 soil:water ratio. Urea hydrolysis was higher in sesbaniatreated soils, followed by cowpea, poultry manure, farmyard manure, rice straw and wheat straw at both the moisture levels. At field capacity, 85.5% urea was hydrolysed in sesbania-treated soil as compared to 32% in untreated soil after 24 hours of incubation, while at the 1:1 soil:water ratio the corresponding values were 81.5 and 27.5%. Urea hydrolysis followed first order reaction kinetics at both the moisture levels.
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Qian, P., J. J. Schoenau, T. Wu, and S. P. Mooleki. "Copper and zinc amounts and distribution in soil as influenced by application of animal manure in east-central Saskatchewan." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 83, no. 2 (May 1, 2003): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s02-063.
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Increasing use of animal manures in Saskatchewan requires information on the fate and distribution of residual manure Cu and Zn in Saskatchewan soils. To address this issue, the amounts of soil Cu and Zn in various inorganic and organic fractions were investigated in a field crop research plot (Cudworth Association soil) with a 5-yr history of annual application of liquid swine manure and solid cattle manure, and in two grassland field research plots (Meota and Oxbow Association soils) that had received annual application of liquid swine manure for 3 yr. The annual rates of manure application were based on N contents in the manures, and were equivalent to approximately 0, 100, 200 and 400 kg total N ha-1 yr-1 in the field crop plots, and 0 and 100 kg total N ha-1 yr-1 in grassland plots. In both the field crop and grassland manured plots there were no substantial increases in total Cu an d Zn in soils associated with manure application. Some increases in the moderately labile Cu and Zn fractions were observed in treatments with large amounts of animal manures applied every year. The liquid swine manure had less effect than cattle manure on increasing labile Cu and Zn fractions. These results indicate that annual addition of animal manures at rates of approximately 100 kg N ha-1 for 3 to 5 yr does not constitute an environmental risk from Cu and Zn loading in these soils. Key words: Cu fraction, Zn fraction, sequential Cu extraction, sequential Zn extraction, urea, swine manure, cattle manure
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Rochette, Philippe, Denis A. Angers, Martin H. Chantigny, Bernard Gagnon, and Normand Bertrand. "N2O fluxes in soils of contrasting textures fertilized with liquid and solid dairy cattle manures." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 88, no. 2 (May 1, 2008): 175–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss06016.
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Manure is known to increase soil N2O emissions by stimulating nitrification and denitrification processes. Our objective was to compare soil-surface N2O emissions following the application of liquid and solid dairy cattle manures to a loamy and a clay soil cropped to silage maize. Manures were applied in 2 consecutive years at rates equivalent to 150 kg total N ha-1 and compared with a control treatment receiving an equivalent rate of synthetic N. Soil-surface N2O fluxes, soil temperature, and soil water, nitrate and ammonium contents were monitored weekly in manured and control plots. From 60 to 90% of seasonal N2O emissions occurred during the first 40 d following manure and synthetic fertilizer applications, indicating that outside that period one or several factors limited N2O emissions. The period of higher emissions following manure and fertilizer application corresponded with the period when soil mineral N contents were highest (up to 17 g NO3−-N m-2) and water-filled pore space (WFPS) was greater than 0.5 m3 m-3. The absence of significant N2O fluxes later in the growing season despite high WFPS levels indicated that the stimulating effect of organic and synthetic N additions on soil N2O production was relatively short-lived. Fertilization of silage maize with dairy cattle manure resulted in greater or equal N2O emissions than with synthetic N. This was observed despite lower overall soil mineral N contents in the manured plots, indicating that other factors affected by manure, possibly additional C substrates and enhanced soil respiration, resulted in greater denitrification and N2O production. Silage maize yields in the manured soils were lower than those receiving synthetic N, indicating that the N2O emissions per kilogram of harvested biomass were greater for manures than for synthetic N. Our results also suggest that the main source of N2O was nitrification in the loam and denitrification in the clay soil. There was no clear difference in N2O emissions between liquid and solid manures. The variable effects of liquid and solid manure addition reported in the literature on soil N2O emissions likely result from the variable composition of the manures themselves as well as from interactions with other factors such as soil environment and farming practices. A better characterization of the availability of manure C and N is required to assess the impact of manure application on soil N2O emissions under field conditions. Key words: Greenhouse gases, N2O, maize, manure
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Qulsum, U., FF Meem, RS Promi, JR Zaman, MF Ara, and MK Rahman. "Growth performance of jute (Corchorus capsularies L.) as influenced by different organic manures." Journal of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Management 6, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcbm.v6i1.51327.
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A pot experiment was carried out in 2019 in the net house of the Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, to evaluate the growth and yield of Jute plants (Corchorus capsularies L.) by applying different types of organic manures. Eight different types of organic manures viz. ACI, BGF-1, Mazim, Vermicompost, Shufola, GTS, Green and Poultry manures were collected from the local market. The experiment was set up following a completely randomized design (CRD) with nine treatments and three replications consisting of twenty-seven pots. Significant variation was observed in different growth and yield contributing characters. The highest plant height (19.83cm) in poultry manure, leaf number (8.33/plant) was observed in Green manure, leaf area (21.93 cm2 / plant) in Poultry manure, fresh weight (3.18g) and dry weight (2.25 g) were found in Poultry manure, stem girth (1.67 cm/plant) in Vermicompost, branch number (8.6/plant) in Green manure. The highest nutrient uptake by plants (kg/ha) occurred in Poultry manure. The overall best growth was observed in Poultry manure.
J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2020, 6(1): 17-24
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Angers, Denis A., Martin H. Chantigny, Philippe Rochette, and Bernard Gagnon. "Dynamics of soil water-extractable organic C following application of dairy cattle manures." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 86, no. 5 (November 1, 2006): 851–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s05-092.
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Water-extractable organic C (WEOC) is a determinant driver of several soil and environmental processes, and can be influenced by management practices such as organic amendment. Our objective was to study the dynamics of soil WEOC following application of liquid and solid dairy cattle manures to a loamy and a clay soil under field conditions. Manures were applied in 2 consecutive years to silage corn fields at rates equivalent to 150 kg total N ha-1. Soil WEOC was monitored the day after application and weekly or biweekly thereafter in manured and control (mineral fertilizers) plots. Liquid and solid manure S brought on average 39 and 13 g WEOC m-2, respectively. These amounts are much larger than the increases measured in soil WEOC during the hours and days following manure application (0 to 30 mg kg-1, equivalent to 0 to 3 g m-2). Moreover, manure addition had little effects in the 10- to 30-cm soil layer. The rapid and extensive adsorption of manure WEOC onto mineral surfaces likely explains the limited effects of manure on soil WEOC. This adsorption process was presumably exacerbated by the mixing of manure and soil resulting from the tillage operation. Soil temperature and respiration appeared to have determinant influence on the level of soil WEOC content in the post-harvest period. Overall, temporal variations in soil WEOC contents were large and generally greater than the fluctuations directly attributable to manure addition. Key words: Soil organic C, extractable C, dairy manure, silage corn
21
Qian, P., and J. J. Schoenau. "Availability of nitrogen in solid manure amendments with different C:N ratios." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 82, no. 2 (May 1, 2002): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s01-018.
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Manures behave differently as sources of available N due to differences in the amounts and forms of N in the manure. The C:N ratio is an important factor affecting the rate of mineralization and release of available N from manures in which the majority of N is contained in organic forms. In order to ascertain the effect of manure C:N ratio on N mineralization in manure-amended soils, 13 solid manures with a large range in C:N ratio were applied to two Saskatchewan soils (Haverhill sandy loam and Blaine Lake clay loam) at 100 mg N kg-1 along with control (no manure) treatments. A growth chamber experiment was conducted to evaluate the relationship between manure C:N ratio and canola yield and N uptake, and a laboratory incubation was conducted to measure how the addition of manures with different C:N ratios affected the pattern of N release in the soils as measured by supply rates to anion exchange membrane (PRSTM) probes placed directly in the soil. Canola (Brassica napus var. Sprint) was grown under the same environmental conditions to maturity, and yield and nutrient contents were determined. A significant increase in canola yield and N uptake was observed over the control in both soils only when amended with poultry manure (C:N 7.6) or a pelletized form of hog manure that was supplemented with fertilizer N (C:N 6.6). A significant negative correlation was found between cattle manure organic C:N ratio and N mineralization. Overall, the manures showed limited release of available N over the short-term (67 d) when the organic C:N ratio was in the range of 13–15 and tended to decrease N availability in the short-term if the organic C:N ratio was over 15. The C:N ratio appears to be a useful parameter to measure when attempting to predict the effects of solid manure amendments on short-term N availability. Key words: Nitrogen availability, mineralization, manure, C:N ratio, anion exchange membrane
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Kumar, C. Vijaya, G. N. Gajanana, and B. Basavaraj. "Effect of Organic Manures on Soil Properties and Yield of Finger Millet (Eleusine Coracana) Gaertn." Mapana - Journal of Sciences 4, no. 1 (September 6, 2005): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.12723/mjs.6.16.
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Pot experiment was conducted during 1993 on ragi grown on a sandy clay loam soil to know the periodic changes in 0-15 cm soil depth on pH, organic carbon(O.C.),available N,P and K due to application of organic manure in conjunction with fertilizer. Application of organic manures alone or in combination with fertilizer increased the soil pH, organic carbon(O.C.),available N,P and K and grain yield when compared to NPK alone. The addition of FYM compared to green leaf manure and vermicompost increased soil pH significantly. The organic carbon(O.C.)content of GLM treated soil significantly superior to VC treatment but was at par with FYM treatment at all stages of plant growth. At all stages organic manures in combination with fertilizer were superior in influencing available N,P and K compared to NPK(fertilizers) alone. There was no significant difference in the grain yield due to application of organic manures individually or in combination with fertilizers compared to NPK but maximum yield was noticed on adding 50% fertilizer N as GLM + 50% N + P + K.
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LATHA, AMMANATH, and VAZHEPARAMBIL RADHAKRISHNAN. "Effects of organic manures and biofertilisers on herbage yield and bacoside content of Bacopa monnieri." Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences 36 (December 31, 2014): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.62029/jmaps.v36i4.latha.
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A field experiment was conducted for two years to find out optimum doses of organic manures and biofertilizers for higher yield and enhanced quality of Bacopa monnieri under an All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants at Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Kerala. Nine treatment combinations of organic manures [farm yard manure (FYM), vermicompost and coirpith compost] along with biofertilisers (Azospirillum and phosphorus solubilising bacteria [PSB]) with appropriate control were employed. Pooled results over two years indicated that performance of the crop was significantly higher under combined application of organic manures with biofertilisers compared to their individual application. Application of coirpith compost produced higher herbage yield and bacoside content among the individual application of organic manures tried. Application of coirpith compost along with Azospirillumand phosphorus solubilising bacteria registered higher yield and bacoside content. The combination of coirpith compost @ 5t/ha with Azospirillum and PSB each @1 kg/ha was found to be the best in terms of higher herbage yield and bacosdie content for this medicinal herb.
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Bista, Bishal, and Sagar Dahal. "Cementing the Organic Farming by Green Manures." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 6, no. 2 (June 29, 2018): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v6i2.20427.
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In this modern era of chemicals, the haphazard use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides and weedicide is becoming a great concern. Accumulation and magnification of those toxic materials in soil is degrading soil health and also affects the human health indirectly. Hence, Agriculture is concentrating more towards organic, sustainable and eco-friendly measures of production. Provision of healthy organic products is a great challenge for modern agriculturist (Farmers). Organic farming relies on judicious use of FYM, Compost, Vermicompost, Green manures and several other factors. Green manures are organic sources for amelioration of soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Furthermore, Green manure conserves the soil available nutrients and suppresses the losses incurred due to erosion, leaching etc. Not only that, Green manure inhibits the several disease, pests and weeds.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(2): 87-96
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Arantes, Ana Carolina Costa, Anastácia Fontanetti, Marcio Roberto Soares, Francisco José da Silva Neto, and Alexandre Gonçalves Próspero. "Agronomic characteristics and yield of organic maize straw intercropped with perennial green manures." Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical 46, no. 3 (September 2016): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632016v4641054.
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ABSTRACT Maize intercropped with perennial green manure is an option to promote soil coverage, control weeds and recycle soil nutrients, in an organic system. This study aimed at evaluating the agronomic characteristics and yield of grains and organic maize straw intercropped with perennial green manures sown at different maize growth stages. A 3 x 2 + 1 factorial design was used, with three perennial species of green manure - calopogonium (Calopogonium mucunoides Desv.), tropical kudzu [Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth] and perennial soy [Neonotonia wightii (Wight & Arn) Lackey] - and two green manure sowing times - at the maize V4 (four expanded leaves) and VT (bolting) stages - plus a control treatment (maize monoculture). A randomized blocks design, with four replications, was used. Soil coverage, production of green manures dry matter and weeds, and maize growth and production variables were evaluated. The sowing of green manures at the V4 stage had a higher percentage of soil coverage, in relation to the VT stage. Calopogonium, when compared to the other green manure species, had the highest percentage of soil coverage (35.63 %) and dry matter (1.0 Mg ha-1). Perennial green manures grown intercropped with maize did not affect growth, grain yield and maize straw. However, they were not effective in suppressing weeds.
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Saha, Kakon, Md Yamin Kabir, Chhoa Mondal, and Md Abdul Mannan. "Growth and yield of tomato as affected by organic and inorganic fertilizers." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 17, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 500–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v17i4.44618.
Full textAbstract:
Unscrupulous use of synthetic fertilizers are not only increasing cost of tomato production but also decreasing tomato yield and quality, deteriorating soil health and environment. Organic manures can produce quality product as well as maintain soil health. Considering this verity an experiment was carried out at the Dr. Purnendu Gain Field Laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna to evaluate the performance of tomato crop under application of different organic and inorganic fertilizers. The experiment was designed in RCBD using two varieties (BARI Tomato-14 and BARI Tomato-15) and eight treatments [i) 100% Recommended fertilizer dose (RFD) for N, P and K; ii) 100% cowdung (CD); iii) 100% poultry manure (PM); iv) 100% vermi-compost (VC); v) 100% Mustard oil cake (MOC); vi) 100% organic manures (25% of each of CD , PM , VC and MOC); vii) 80% organic manure (20% of each of CD, PM, VC and MOC) + 20% RFD; viii) 60% organic manure (15% of each of CD, PM, VC and MOC) + 40% RFD].The tallest plant (77.5 cm) with maximum fruit length (5.98 cm), maximum number of flower clusters plant-1 (16.24), number of flowers cluster-1 (13.07), number of fruit clusters plant-1 (8.20) and number of fruits cluster-1 (6.97) were observed from combined effect of 60% organic manures with 40% RFD in BARI Tomato-15. On the contrary, this treatment produced maximum fruit diameter (6.29cm), maximum weight of individual fruit (91.43g) and the highest yield (87.17 t/ha) in BARI tomato-14. From economic point of view, maximum net return (Tk. 841345) as well as benefit cost ratio (5.11) was also observed from 60% organic manure + 40% RFD. Thus, BARI tomato-14 with combination of organic manures (60%) and inorganic fertilizers (40%) provided better performance concerning growth, yield and economic aspects.
J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(4): 500–506, 2019
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Thiessen Martens, Joanne R., Derek H. Lynch, and Martin H. Entz. "A survey of green manure productivity on dryland organic grain farms in the eastern prairie region of Canada." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 99, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 772–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2018-0311.
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Little is known about legume green manure productivity on organic farms. Soil and plant tissue were sampled in annual, biennial, and perennial green manures on 41 fields in the eastern prairies. Green manure biomass averaged 4572 kg ha−1; 53% was legume plant material and 18% was weeds. Soil test P and plant tissue P concentrations were below critical levels in about half of all green manures. Mean N fixation was estimated at 71 kg ha−1. This observational study provides a baseline for future research to optimize green manure and nutrient management in organic grain production systems.
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Latha, M. R., P. Savithri, R. Indirani, and S. Kamaraj. "INFLUENCE OF ZINC-ENRICHED ORGANIC MANURES ON THE YIELD, DRY MATTER PRODUCTION AND ZINC UPTAKE OF MAIZE." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 49, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.49.2001.3.3.
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A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of zinc-enriched organic manures on a maize crop. Organic manures, namely farmyard manure, poultry manure, coir pith and biogas slurry enriched with 0, 12.5 and 25.0 kg ZnSO4 ha -1 were evaluated for their influence on dry matter production, yield and uptake of zinc in maize. The results revealed that the application of poultry manure was better compared to other sources, resulting in a 26.6% increase in yield. By resorting to the enrichment of poultry manure with zinc, it was possible to save 12.5 kg ZnSO4 ha –1, thereby saving the cost of zinc fertilizer.
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Chowdhury, Shabnur, and MK Rahman. "Influence of different organic manures on growth, yield and mineral nutrient accumulation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)." Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 30, no. 2 (July 9, 2021): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i2.54642.
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Effects of organic manures on growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and nutrient accumulation in its leaves was examined. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) replicated thrice with ten treatments involving nine organic manures and a control treatment. Growth parameters viz. plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf area, leaf area index and fresh and dry weight of leaf, stem and root were assessed. The highest height (23.69 cm), longest leaf (32.18cm), leaf area (5883.43cm2), leaf area index (6.434), fresh weight (85.41 g) and dry weight (42.73 g) were found in Payel organic manure. The maximum leaf number (27) was recorded in Approshika organic manure. The maximum content of nitrogen (6.12%), phosphorus (1.83%), potassium (4.11%) and Sulphur (1.69%) were observed in Payel organic manure. The best growth performance and nutrient accumulation was observed in Payel organic manure.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 159-168, 2021 (July)
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Shiny, A. Visuvasa Anto, S. Alagappan, R. Isaac Manuel, and K. Indira Petchiammal. "Study of Different Sources of Organic Manures in Comparison with RDF on Growth and Yield of Greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 8 (June 12, 2023): 1499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i82098.
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The field experiment was conducted to evaluate the different sources of organic manures in comparison with recommended dose fertilizer (RDF) on greengram at South farm, Karunya Institute of Technology and Science, Coimbatore, India. The field experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice during kharif and rabi seasons of 2022. The field study comprised of nine treatments, two organic treatments with sole organic manures at 100% on N equivalent basis (vermicompost, farmyard manure) another three treatments consisted of 25%, 50% and 75% combination of each manure. These two organic manures (vermicompost, farmyard manure) were combined with 50% RDF through inorganic fertilizers (12.5:25:12.5 of N, P2O5 and K2O kg ha-1) as a combination of organic and inorganic treatments and one sole 100% inorganic treatment through inorganic fertilizer (25:50:25 of N, P2O5 and K2O kg ha-1). A control treatment was maintained in the layout to compare the performance of all the treatments. The results showed that among the different combinations of organic and inorganic treatments, 100% recommended dose of fertilizer through inorganic (25:50:25 of N, P2O5 and K2O kg ha-1) (T7) fertilizer significantly enhanced the growth and yield of greengram which was closely followed by vermicompost 100% on N equivalent basis.
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Adnan, Muhammad, Shah Fahad, Muhammad Zamin, Shahen Shah, Ishaq Ahmad Mian, Subhan Danish, Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye, et al. "Coupling Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria with Phosphorus Supplements Improve Maize Phosphorus Acquisition and Growth under Lime Induced Salinity Stress." Plants 9, no. 7 (July 16, 2020): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9070900.
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Global warming promotes soil calcification and salinization processes. As a result, soil phosphorus (P) is becoming deficient in arid and semiarid areas throughout the world. In this pot study, we evaluated the potential of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) for enhancing the growth and P uptake in maize under varying levels of lime (4.8%, 10%, 15% and 20%) and additional P supplements (farmyard manure, poultry manure, single super phosphate and rock phosphate) added at the rate of 45 mg P2O5 kg−1. Inoculation and application of P as organic manures (Poultry and farm yard manures) improved maize growth and P uptake compared to the control and soils with P applied from mineral sources. Liming adversely affected crop growth, but the use of PSB and organic manure significantly neutralized this harmful effect. Mineral P sources combined with PSB were as effective as the organic sources alone. Furthermore, while single supper phosphate showed better results than Rock phosphate, the latter performed comparably upon PSB inoculation. Thus, PSB plus P application as organic manures is an eco-friendly option to improve crop growth and P nutrition in a calcareous soil under changing climate.
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G, KATHIRESAN, and MANOHARAN M.L. "EFFICIENCY OF SOME ORGANIC MANURES ON CANE AND SUGAR YIELD." Madras Agricultural Journal 86, september (1999): 426–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00636.
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Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of organic manures viz.. green manures. green leat manures, pressmud and farm yard manure on cane and sugar yield of variety COC 85061 during early season of 1993 and 1994 in Sugarcane Research Station, Melalathur. Vellore district of Tamil Nadu with the nutrient status of low, medium and medium availability of N.P and K respectively. Results revealed that in situ incorporation of Crotolaria juncea with 175:63:113 kg of NPK har application registered maximum cane and sugar yield of 125 and 15.8 t ha respectively. It was 14 per cent higher yield than the treatment with inorganic fertiliser of 225:63:113 NPK ha application.
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MUNAWAR, I., ZU ABIDEEN, A. RAUF, A. RAFIQUE, N. ULLAH, MAB ZIA, and S. Ul-ALLAH. "INTERACTIVE EFFECT OF GENOTYPES AND ORGANIC MANURES ON PHENOTYPIC ATTRIBUTES OF CHICKPEA (CICER ARIENTINUM L.)." Bulletin of Biological and Allied Sciences Research 2023, no. 1 (January 26, 2023): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54112/bbasr.v2023i1.29.
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Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) belongs to the legume family, one of the most important pulse crops due to its high nutritional values compared to other pulses. Chickpea production is very low in Pakistan compared to other countries because of low soil fertility. Organic manure like farmyard manure and poultry manure have good water and nutrient holding capacity, which nourish the plants. To this end, an experiment was conducted at BZU Bahadur Sub-campus Layyah, Pakistan, to investigate farmyard manure's and poultry manure's effects on chickpea. Data were collected for the number of buds and pods, plant height, biological yield, economical yield, and 100-grain weight. Results showed that farmyard manure significantly increased all chickpea varieties' measured traits compared to both control and poultry manure treatments. The variety Parbat produced the highest economical yield under farmyard manure fertilization compared to all other varieties and treatments. Correlation analysis revealed that all the measured traits were strongly positively correlated with economical yield, and path coefficient analysis revealed that biological yield and numbers of the pod have a highest positive direct effect on economical yield, which showed that manures enhance the yield-related traits, which increased the economical yield in chickpea. The present study revealed that applying farm yard manure and poultry manure is essential for better seed production of chickpea.
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SHEORAN, SUNITA. "Effect of long term use of manures and fertilizers on soluble salts in soil and mineral composition of wheat (Triticum aestivum)." ANNALS OF PLANT AND SOIL RESEARCH 24, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10156.
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A long-term field experiment started in 1995 on coarse loamy soil at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (India) was selected to examine the impact of organic manures and fertilizers on soluble salts content in soil and mineral composition of wheat (Triticum aestivum). The results revealed that continuous application of organic manures (FYM, poultry manure and pressmud) alone or in combination with fertilizers significantly increased the content of soluble ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42-, HCO3- and CO32-) in soil. Water soluble CO32- content showed irregular trend among various treatments. The amounts of soluble ions were found highest in FYM treated plots as compared to poultry manures and pressmud which resulted in higher soil EC of these plots. Increased availability of these soluble ions in soil also increased the plant uptake and accumulated in plant tissues. The Na, Ca, Mg and Cl contents in wheat grain and straw were higher when organic manures were applied alone, while K and S contents were found higher in the plots receiving combined application of manures and fertilizers.
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Mambo, W., M. Mataa, and BH Chishala. "Comparative effects of jatropha seedcake, chicken and kraal manures on selected soil properties, growth and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)." International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology 8, no. 1 (September 14, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v8i1.38222.
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A field trial was conducted to evaluate the comparative effects of jatropha seedcake, chicken and kraal manures on selected soil properties, growth and yield of tomato in Zambia during the cropping season of 2012-13. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replicates and six treatments, namely- jatropha seedcake (5.0 t ha-1), chicken manure (5.0 t ha-1), kraal manure (5.0 t ha-1), jatropha seedcake (2.5 t ha-1) + chicken manure (2.5 t ha-1), jatropha seedcake (2.5 t ha-1) + kraal manure (2.5 t ha-1) and control (0.0 t ha-1) was used. Soil total N, P, K, Ca, Mg, SOM, soil pH, bulk density, plant height, number of branches, number of fruits plant-1, and mean fruit weight effects were subsequently monitored. Organic manures significantly increased total N, available P, exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, SOM, soil pH, plant height, number of branches, number of fruits, mean fruit weight and yield of tomato compared to the control. Organic manures also significantly reduced soil bulk density compared to the control. Among the organic amendments treated alone, jatropha seedcake gave the highest yield of 28.62 t ha-1 compared to chicken manure (28.20 t ha-1) and kraal manure (27.50 t ha-1). Maximum yield benefits came from a mixture of jatropha seedcake + chicken manure (29.60 t ha-1)and jatropha seedcake + kraal manure (29.00 t ha- 1) which could have been due to balanced proportions of major nutrients required for tomato growth. Jatropha seedcake mostly performed favourably the same or better than chicken and kraal manures in many aspects.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 8 (1): 1-6, June, 2018
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GHANSHYAM, RAKESH KUMAR, and R.K. JAT. "Productivity and soil fertility as effected by organic manures and inorganic fertilizers in greengram (Vigna radiata) - wheat (Triticum aestivum) system." Indian Journal of Agronomy 55, no. 1 (October 10, 2001): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v55i1.4724.
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Field experiments were conducted during khar if and rabi for 2 consecutive years (2002-03 and 2003-04) at Hisar to evaluate the direct and residual effect of organic manures and phosphorus on productivity, nutrient up- take, soil fertility and economics of greengram-wheat cropping system. Three levels of organic manures (no or- ganic manure, FYM 5 tonne/ha and vermicompost 5 tonne/ha) and 3 phosphorus levels (control, 9 and 18 kg P/ha)
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Anguria, Paul, George N. Chemining’wa, Richard N. Onwonga, and Michael A. Ugen. "Effect of Organic Manures on Nutrient Uptake and Seed Quality of Sesame." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 7 (June 7, 2017): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n7p135.
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The influence of organic manures in nutrient uptake and seed quality of sesame is not fully known. In this context, a study was conducted in northeastern Uganda in 2013 and 2014 short rains, and 2014 long rains to investigate the effect of organic manures on nutrient uptake and seed quality of sesame. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments comprised: control, 4 crop residues, 2 animal manures and combinations of 2 animal manures and 4 crop residues all applied at two rates of 3 and 6 t/ha. Poultry manure plus finger millet husks (6 t/ha) produced significantly the highest seed protein content (48.23%) and uptake of N (4.84%), P (0.66%) and K (1.86%) by sesame at 4 weeks after emergence. Poultry manure plus cowpea husks (6 t/ha) and poultry manure plus groundnut shells (3 t/ha) produced the highest total ash (8.71%) and sesame seed oil content (67.95%), respectively. The crop residue effect on seed crude protein content, seed total ash and seed oil content occurred in the order of finger millet > cowpea > groundnut > sorghum, finger millet > cowpea > sorghum > groundnut and groundnut > sorghum > cowpea > finger millet, respectively. This study has demonstrated that finger millet husks and groundnut shells effectively enhance protein and oil content of sesame than other crop residues, respectively. Poultry manure plus finger millet husks (3 t/ha) enhances sesame seed protein content than other treatments.
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Chowdhury, M. S., Z. Hasan, K. Kabir, M. Shah Jahan, and M. H. Kabir. "Response of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) to Growth Regulators and Organic Manures." Agriculturists 12, no. 2 (January 25, 2015): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i2.21732.
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A study was conducted at the Horticulture Farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh during April to September, 2012 to determine the suitability of selected plant growth regulators and the proper use and effectiveness of selected organic manures and also their suitable combinations for successful okra production. The experiment consisted of two factors: factor A: growth regulators as - G0: control (water), G1: GA3 (100 ppm) and G2: Miraculan (1000 ppm) and factor B: organic manures as - OM0: control (no manure), OM1: vermicompost (9 t/ha) and OM2: poultry manure (11.5 t/ha). The combined use of GA3 and poultry manure produced the tallest plants. Both the growth regulators and organic manures enhanced early flowering. In case of growth hormone, the highest yield (16.67 t/ha) was recorded from G1 followed by G2 (16.49 t/ha). The highest yield (18.03 t/ha) was found from OM2, closely followed by OM1 (17.59 t/h). Considering the treatment combinations, the highest yield was harvested from G1OM2 (19.62 t/ha), followed by G1OM1 (19.01 t/h), G2OM1 (18.42 t/h) and G2OM2 (18.30 t/h), respectively.The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 56-63
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Kiran, Mehwish, Muhammad Saleem Jilani, Kashif Waseem, Fazal Haq, Muhammad Sohail Khan, Muhammad Amjad Nadeem, Khalid Rahman, Ghazanfar Ullah, and Kashif Hussain. "Growth and yield enhancement of carrot through integration of NPK and organic manures." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 17, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i2.857.
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A pot experiment was conducted at Horticulture Experimental Area, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan to investigate the combined effects of NPK and organic manures on growth and yield of carrot, for two consecutive years. The experiment was laid out in CRD with six treatments and four replications. Five different organic manures such as poultry manure (PM), sewage sludge (SS), farmyard manure (FYM), press mud (PrM) and goat manure (GM) were applied in combination with NPK, each at recommended levels for two successive years. A fertilizer check (control) was also included as treatment where no fertilizer and manure were used. The study revealed significant improvements in almost all growth and yield attributes by combined application of NPK and organic manures. Among different combinations, NPK + PM surpassed all other treatments by giving maximum leaves per plant (8.73 and 8.13), leaf length (38.17 and 36.77cm), root length (29.30 and 24.83cm), root diameter (3.10 and 3.27cm), root weight per plant (142.40 and 142.00g), total biomass per plant (169.33 and 166.67g) and root yield (56.67 and 56.83 t/ha), during both the experimental years. Similarly, NPK combination with green manure and sewage sludge also produced better results pertaining to carrot growth and production for two consecutive years. It was also observed during the study that control treatment showed poorest findings and placed at lowest levels.
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Acharya, Somen, and Hitesh Kumar. "Effect of Some Organic Manure on Growth and Yield of Garlic in Greenhouse Condition at Cold Desert High Altitude Ladakh Region." Defence Life Science Journal 3, no. 2 (March 23, 2018): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.3.12569.
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<p>A field experiment was conducted to investigate effects of four organic manure sources (vermicompost, poultry manure, sheep & goat manure and cattle FYM) on growth and yield attributing characters of garlic in greenhouse condition during extreme winter months (October to May) at Leh-Ladakh, India with three application rates of organic manures <em>viz</em>. 10, 20 and 30 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>. The results revealed that, organic manure application enhanced plant growth, improved garlic yield and its components <em>viz</em>. no. of cloves per bulb, bulb diameter and weight. Also, with increasing rate of application of organic manures from 10 to 20 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>, all growth and yield characters of garlic were improved. Vermicompost and poultry manure had significant effects on plant growth characters <em>viz</em>. plant height, number of leaves per plant, length and width of leaves especially in the T<sub>3</sub> and T<sub>6</sub> treatments. Highest garlic yield (105.03q ha<sup>-1</sup>) was achieved in T<sub>6</sub> treatment (poultry manure @ 20 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>). Overall, application of organic manures proved to be beneficial for garlic production and its application should be popularized for sustainable agriculture in fragile ecosystem of cold arid desert of Ladakh region. </p>
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Bloukounon-Goubalan, Adin Y., Aliou Saïdou, Noël Obognon, Guillaume L. Amadji, Attanda M. Igué, Victor A. Clottey, and Marc Kenis. "Decomposition and nutrient release pattern of animal manures biodegraded by fly larvae in Acrisols." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 99, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2018-0076.
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This study aims to assess the decomposition of manure biodegraded by fly larvae and the nutrient mineralization rates to understand the efficiency of the biodegraded manures for further use as soil amendment. A litter bag experiment was carried out over 75 d in an Acrisol in Benin using poultry manure, pig manure, mixture of poultry and sheep manure, mixture of poultry and cow manure, and mixture of poultry and pig manure, biodegraded by Musca domestica larvae. Nutrients content in the manures during the different stages of decomposition was analyzed. The mono-component exponential model Yt = Y0 × e−kt best described the manure decomposition and nutrients mineralization. The manures decomposed fast in the soil, and their nutrients were released fast in the poultry manure, the mixture of poultry and pig manure, and the mixture of poultry and cow manure. Nutrient mineralization increased in the order of P < N < K or N < P < K. Biodegradation of animal manures by fly larvae produced high-quality organic fertilizer through fast N and P release. This could aid in reducing the quantities of these elements applied as mineral fertilizer by farmers for sustaining agricultural soil productivity.
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Sharma, R. C., P. M. Govindakrishnan, R. P. Singh, and H. C. Sharma. "Effects of farmyard manure and green manures on crop yields and nitrogen needs of potato-based cropping systems in Punjab." Journal of Agricultural Science 110, no. 3 (June 1988): 499–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185960008206x.
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SummaryThe results of a long-term field experiment conducted from 1977 to 1984 on alluvial (Ustochrept) soil of Jalandhar showed positive responses of the crops to N. The responses of potatoes to N were reduced by farmyard manure (FYM), green manure of dhaincha and moong and the responses to the organic manures were also reduced by N. The N responsesof potatoes were, however, not affected by the N applied to preceding maize. FYM was better than the green manures in augmenting total tuber yield, large-grade tuber yield and K concentration in the plants.The N applied to the potatoes showed significant residual effect on succeeding wheat crops, reducing its optimum dose of N by about 50%. The residual effect of N on wheat was highly correlated with nitrate status of the soil. The organic manures applied to potatoes improved the yield of the succeeding wheat but did not differ from each other.The fodder crop of pearl millet raised after 7 years also indicated the superiority of FYM to the green manures. There was a build-up of organic carbon, N, P and K in soil and the build-up was maximal with the use of FYM. The application of N had no effect on the organic carbon and nitrogen status of the soil. N improved the availability of P but decreased that of K.
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SHEORAN, SUNITA, DEV RAJ, R. S. ANTIL, V. S. MOR, and K. S. GREWAL. "Soil microbial properties influenced with long term application of manures and fertilizers." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 172–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i1.98667.
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An ongoing long-term field experiment established in 1995 at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (India) under pearl millet-wheat cropping system was selected to examine the impact of organic manures and fertilizers on soil microbiological properties. After 19 years of experiment, the samples were collected after wheat harvest in April, 2014. Under different combinations of treatments, the microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) content in soil ranged from 202–491 and 35.0–79.8 mg/kg, respectively. The lower content of MBC and MBN was observed in farmyard manure (FYM) treated plots as compared to pressmud or poultry manure. Soil microbial quotient (SMQ) ranged from 3.18– 5.61% and higher SMQ was observed with pressmud and poultry manure application as compared to FYM application. The highest dehydrogenase activity (DHA) was reported with FYM15 (63.71 μgTPF/g/24 hr) which was statistically at par with FYM15N150 (59.75 μg TPF/g/24 h) and pressmud7.5 (58.14 μg TPF/g/24 h). Among organic manures applied alone alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) followed the order: poultry manure>FYM>pressmud. The highest urease activity (97.6 μg NH4 +-N/g/h) was observed with pressmud7.5 and this may be attributed to higher N content (3.23%) in pressmud. The dehydrogenase and urease activity decreased in the plots where organic manures were applied in conjunction with NP fertilizers as compared to solitary application of organic manures. However, reverse trend was observed in case of alkaline phosphatase. Overall, pressmud applications exhibited favorable impacts on soil properties under pearl millet wheat cropping. Therefore, continuous application of pressmud could lead to long term maintenance of soil microbial properties in these sandy loam soils.
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Dhaliwal, Salwinder Singh, Vivek Sharma, Vibha Verma, Manmeet Kaur, Prabhjot Singh, Ahmed Gaber, Alison M. Laing, and Akbar Hossain. "Impact of manures and fertilizers on yield and soil properties in a rice-wheat cropping system." PLOS ONE 18, no. 11 (November 9, 2023): e0292602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292602.
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The use of chemical fertilizers under a rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS) has led to the emergence of micronutrient deficiency and decreased crop productivity. Thus, the experiment was conducted with the aim that the use of organic amendments would sustain productivity and improve the soil nutrient status under RWCS. A three-year experiment was conducted with different organic manures i.e. no manure (M0), farmyard manure @ 15 t ha-1 (M1), poultry manure @ 6 t ha-1(M2), press mud @ 15 t ha-1(M3), rice straw compost @ 6 t ha-1(M4) along with different levels of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) i.e. 0% (F1), 75% (F2 and 100% (F3 in a split-plot design with three replications and plot size of 6 m x 1.2 m. Laboratory-based analysis of different soil as well as plant parameters was done using standard methodologies. The use of manures considerably improved the crop yield, macronutrients viz. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micronutrients such as zinc, iron, manganese and copper, uptake in both the crops because of nutrient release from decomposed organic matter. Additionally, the increase in fertilizer dose increased these parameters. The system productivity was maximum recorded under F3M1 (13,052 kg ha-1) and results were statistically identical with F3M2 and F3M3. The significant upsurge of macro and micro-nutrients in soil and its correlation with yield outcomes was also observed through the combined use of manures as well as fertilizers. This study concluded that the use of 100% RDF integrated with organic manures, particularly farmyard manure would be a beneficial resource for increased crop yield, soil nutrient status and system productivity in RWCS in different regions of India.
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BEAUCHAMP, E. G. "AVAILABILITY OF NITROGEN FROM THREE MANURES TO CORN IN THE FIELD." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 66, no. 4 (November 1, 1986): 713–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss86-070.
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Three manures were compared with urea as sources of nitrogen for corn (Zea mays L.) on a different field site in each of 3 yr. The manures and their average [Formula: see text]–N:total N ratios were as follows: liquid poultry manure (LPM), 0.89; liquid dairy cattle manure (LCM), 0.53; and solid beef cattle manure (SBM), 0.09. The manures were applied at rates of 100, 200 and 300 kg total N ha−1. An additional LCM treatment of 600 kg total N ha−1 was also included. For comparison with the manures as N sources, urea was applied at rates of 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha−1. The yield response data were examined on the basis of a previously suggested model which predicted that all of the [Formula: see text]–N and part (e.g., 10–20%) of the organic N in manures are available for crop growth in the field. Regression analyses of paired yield data sets of urea and LCM or urea and LPM indicated that only 75–80% of the [Formula: see text]–N fraction applied in these manures was equivalent to urea-N. Thus, it was concluded that the model did not take into account net N immobilization and possibly N losses through denitrification following application. It was concluded also that N release from the organic N fraction of SBM differed substantially from that for the other manures. This conclusion was supported by greenhouse data which indicated that net N immobilization occurred for the first crop shortly after SBM was applied but this was followed by net N mineralization for a second crop as manure decomposition continued. Soil NO3− concentrations in mid-June generally increased with the urea, LPM and LCM sources of N at the higher rates of application in the field. Lower soil NO3− concentrations with SBM reflected the lower availability of N. Key words: Corn, manure N availability, Zea mays L.
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Rashid, MHA. "Optimisation of Growth Yield and Quality of Strawberry Cultivars through Organic Farming." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 11, no. 1-2 (October 1, 2019): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v11i1-2.43379.
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Adoption of organic farming has been increased which have a reduced impact on environment. An experiment was conducted at the Landscaping section and Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for optimisation of growth, yield and quality of strawberry cultivars through organic farming during the period from October 2017 to March 2018. The experiment comprised two cultivars viz., RU-1 (Festival) and RU-2 (AOG), and eight organic manures viz., control, cowdung, mustard oilcake (MOC), poultry manure, cowdung+MOC, cowdung+poultry manure, MOC+poultry manure, cowdung+MOC+poultry manure. The two-factor experiment was laid out in randomised complete block design with three replications. Significant variation was observed between strawberry cultivars and organic manures in all the parameters studied. Highest growth, yield and quality characters were obtained from Festival except number of runner per plant and TSS content with AOG. Combined application of cowdung+MOC+poultry manure gave the maximum yield (19.14 t/ha) than the other treatments.
J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 11(1-2): 121-129 2018
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Titirmare, N. S., N. J. Ranshur, A. H. Patil, S. R. Patil, and P. B. Margal. "Effect of Inorganic Fertilizers and Organic Manures on Physical Properties of Soil: A Review." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 19 (August 30, 2023): 1015–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i193638.
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Deterioration of physical properties of soil and there after depletion the soil fertility are the main constrains in food and environment security of any country. This review paper summarizes the current knowledge and information on the effect of inorganic fertilizers and organic manures on soil physical properties. The use of inorganic fertilizer or organic fertilizer alone has both positive and negative effects on soil properties, plant growth and nutrient availability. Most of earlier investigators confirmed that combined application of inorganic fertilizers and organic manures improved the physical properties and available nutrient status in soils. Organic manures improve physical properties of soil but they are comparatively low in nutrient content, addition of larger quantity of manures is required for successful plant growth. However, inorganic fertilizers is contain all the essential nutrients which are early accessible for plants. Due to continuous use of inorganic fertilizers alone causes soil organic matter degradation, soil acidity or alkalization, soil deterioration and environmental pollution, so integrated or mixed inorganic and organic nutrient management system is an alternative system for the sustainable and cost effective management of soil and the result is improve in soil properties and raising soil fertility without affecting environment. The objective of the review is to assess the effect of inorganic fertilizer and organic manure on physical properties of soil. The study revealed that appropriate application of inorganic fertilizers with organic manures improves soil physical properties and increases the productivity without negative effect on soil health than the values obtained by organic or inorganic fertilizers separately.
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Gnana Prakash, Bandi, Joy Dawson, Thomas Abraham, and M. R. Meshram. "Response of different methods of sowing and organic manures on growth and yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." Environment Conservation Journal 23, no. 1&2 (February 1, 2022): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.021845-2157.
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To study the retaliation performances of various methodologies of sowing by accompanying organic manures on growth, yield, and all other yield attributes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop. A field experiment was executed during the Rabi season of 2020-21 at the crop research farm of SHUATS, Prayagraj.The experiment was laid out in the most commonly encountered Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications of each treatment for all traits. Given this experiment three methods of sowing, i.e. M1 (Broadcasting), M2 (Line sowing), M3 (System of Wheat Intensification) as well as three organic manures i.e. O1 (Farmyard manure 12 t/ha), O2 (Poultry manure 5 t/ha), O3 (Vermicompost 4 t/ha) and two liquid manures Panchagavya 3% and Jeevamrutha 500 l/ha. And the liquid manures were foliar sprayed at 15, 30, and 45 days after sowing (DAS). Results were revealed that the maximum number of tillers (10.53), Dry weight (18.00 g/plant), Effective tillers (10.43), Spike length (11.73 cm), and Grains per spike (58.38) were found to be significantly higher with the application of treatment SWI + Poultry manure (5 t/ha) + Panchagavya 3% FS + Jeevamrutha 500/h FS as compared to the other treatments. Maximum values were ensured with Plant height (78.30 cm), test weight (36.73 g), Grain yield (3.16 t/ha), Straw yield (4.48 t/ha), and harvest index (41.39 %). Hence with the current experiment’s outputs, this study concluded that Line sowing + Poultry manure (5 t/ha) + Panchagavya 3% FS + Jeevamrutha 500 l/ha FS were produced more grains and productivity as compared to other organic treatment combinations.
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Seminario Peña, Joselyn Vanessa, Alejandra Nieto-Garibay, Enrique Troyo-Diéguez, Bernardo Murillo-Amador, Alfonso Medel-Narváez, and Teresa Terrazas. "Physiological and morphometric characteristics of Pachycereus pringlei (S.Watson) Britton & Rose seedlings applying organic manures." Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development 25 (May 22, 2023): 36–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.56890/jpacd.v25i.516.
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The establishment of Pachycereus pringlei seedlings is a scarce event; soil conditions are one of the factors attributed to its high mortality rate in the early stages of development. The use of organic manures as a substrate helps to improve the structure, porosity, and density of the soil where they live, in addition to providing nutrients that would benefit the roots, increasing the possibility of their establishment during the emergence stage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different proportions of organic manures as a sown substrate in the emergence and establishment of Pachycereus pringlei seedlings, using nine treatments of organic manures in a completely randomized experimental design with four replications. The variables measured were emergence rate (ER) and percentage (EP) and their indices, seedlings’ morphometric, and physiological characteristics in the establishment stage. The results showed that the evaluated variables in the emergence and seedling establishment phase indicate the preference for natural substrate and organic manure combinations in proportions of 50 and 30%, respectively. The analysis of variance showed significant differences regarding the morphometric and physiological variables of the stem and root of the evaluated treatments. The emergence and establishment analyses show that cardon seedlings under different organic manure treatments and controlled conditions had excellent survival results compared to the low rates of recruitment and survival reported under natural conditions. Similarly, the implementation of organic manures improved the physiological and morphometric characteristics of the cardon seedlings compared to the control treatment with the natural substrate.
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SMR, Haque, Mondal MF, Hassan MK, Islam MN, Hoque MMI, Ahamed S, and Bir MSH. "Effects of Organic Manures on Growth and Yield of Cabbage." Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment 03, no. 02 (2022): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3209.
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An investigation was made on growth and yield performance of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) under different organic manures and fertilizers at the Horticulture Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from October 2017 to March 2018 to investigate the effect of organic manures on the growth and yield of cabbage. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Result of the experiment revealed that the different combinations of organic manure significantly influenced all the parameters studied. Maximum marketable yield per hectare (55.5 ton) was obtained when T5(cowdung @ 2 t/hectare + compost @ 2.5 t/hectare + mustard oil cake @ 0.25 t/hectare + poultry manure 1.8 t /hectare) was applied, while the lowest was obtained from the control treatment. So T5(cowdung @ 2 t/hectare + compost @ 2.5 t/hectare + mustard oil cake @ 0.25 t/hectare + poultry manure 1.8 t /hectare) was found suitable for growth and yield of cabbage.