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1

Sosa, Joshua, Timothy Bennett, Katherine Nelms, Brandon Liu, Roberto Tovar, and Yangyang Liu. "Metal–Organic Framework Hybrid Materials and Their Applications." Crystals 8, no. 8 (August 14, 2018): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst8080325.

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The inherent porous nature and facile tunability of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) make them ideal candidates for use in multiple fields. MOF hybrid materials are derived from existing MOFs hybridized with other materials or small molecules using a variety of techniques. This led to superior performance of the new materials by combining the advantages of MOF components and others. In this review, we discuss several hybridization methods for the preparation of various MOF hybrids with representative examples from the literature. These methods include covalent modifications, noncovalent modifications, and using MOFs as templates or precursors. We also review the applications of the MOF hybrids in the fields of catalysis, drug delivery, gas storage and separation, energy storage, sensing, and others.
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2

Loy, Douglas A., and Kenneth J. Shea. "Bridged Polysilsesquioxanes. Highly Porous Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Materials." Chemical Reviews 95, no. 5 (July 1995): 1431–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00037a013.

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3

Opanasenko, Maksym, Mariya Shamzhy, Fengjiao Yu, Wuzong Zhou, Russell E. Morris, and Jiří Čejka. "Zeolite-derived hybrid materials with adjustable organic pillars." Chemical Science 7, no. 6 (2016): 3589–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sc04602e.

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Porous organic–inorganic materials with tunable textural characteristics were synthesized using the top-down process by intercalating silsesquioxanes and polyhedral oligomeric siloxanes of different types between crystalline zeolite-derived layers.
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4

Wang, Shaolei, Liangxiao Tan, Chengxin Zhang, Irshad Hussain, and Bien Tan. "Novel POSS-based organic–inorganic hybrid porous materials by low cost strategies." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 12 (2015): 6542–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta06963c.

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Two kinds of POSS-based organic–inorganic hybrid porous materials have been synthesized via Friedel–Crafts and Scholl coupling reactions, for the first time, using low-cost building blocks i.e., octaphenylsilsesquioxanes and simple knitting approaches to obtain high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area porous polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-based hybrid materials.
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5

Shi, Jun, Li Zhang, Yingliang Liu, Shengang Xu, and Shaokui Cao. "Biomineralized organic–inorganic hybrids aiming for smart drug delivery." Pure and Applied Chemistry 86, no. 5 (May 19, 2014): 671–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-0112.

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AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrid materials have received great interest in the last 10 years in the controlled drug delivery area because of their excellent biocompatible, biomimetic, and pH-sensitive properties. Biomineralization is a biomineral-inspired route to prepare novel organic–inorganic hybrids, which involves a diffusion-controlled deposition of inorganic minerals within porous polymeric matrices. Proper combination of controlled biomineralization technique with the rational choice of polymer templates would lead to the successful development of smart self-assembled drug carriers. The present work mainly summarizes our recent work about the biomineralized organic–inorganic hybrid materials aiming for smart drug delivery including hybrid beads, membranes, and micro/nano gels. Furthermore, prospect for future development of the smart organic–inorganic hybrids is also discussed.
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6

Casas-Solvas, Juan M., and Antonio Vargas-Berenguel. "Porous Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticles." Nanomaterials 12, no. 3 (February 3, 2022): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12030527.

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7

Chongdar, Sayantan, Sudip Bhattacharjee, Piyali Bhanja, and Asim Bhaumik. "Porous organic–inorganic hybrid materials for catalysis, energy and environmental applications." Chemical Communications 58, no. 21 (2022): 3429–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc06340e.

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In this feature article, we highlight various synthetic strategies for designing organic–inorganic hybrid porous materials, starting from their molecular building blocks, and their task-specific applications in energy and environmental research.
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8

Zhang, Dan-Dan, Sheng-Zhen Zu, and Bao-Hang Han. "Inorganic–organic hybrid porous materials based on graphite oxide sheets." Carbon 47, no. 13 (November 2009): 2993–3000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2009.06.052.

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9

Loy, Douglas A., Gregory M. Jamison, Brigitta M. Baugher, Edward M. Russick, Roger A. Assink, S. Prabakar, and Kenneth J. Shea. "Alkylene-bridged polysilsesquioxane aerogels: highly porous hybrid organic-inorganic materials." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 186 (June 1995): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(95)00032-1.

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10

LOY, D. A., and K. J. SHEA. "ChemInform Abstract: Bridged Polysilsesquioxanes. Highly Porous Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Materials." ChemInform 26, no. 46 (August 17, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199546289.

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11

Erigoni, Andrea, and Urbano Diaz. "Porous Silica-Based Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Catalysts: A Review." Catalysts 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010079.

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Hybrid organic-inorganic catalysts have been extensively investigated by several research groups in the last decades, as they allow combining the structural robust-ness of inorganic solids with the versatility of organic chemistry. Within the field of hybrid catalysts, synthetic strategies based on silica are among the most exploitable, due to the convenience of sol-gel chemistry, to the array of silyl-derivative precursors that can be synthesized and to the number of post-synthetic functionalization strategies available, amongst others. This review proposes to highlight these advantages, firstly describing the most common synthetic tools and the chemistry behind sol-gel syntheses of hybrid catalysts, then presenting exemplificative studies involving mono- and multi-functional silica-based hybrid catalysts featuring different types of active sites (acid, base, redox). Materials obtained through different approaches are described and their properties, as well as their catalytic performances, are compared. The general scope of this review is to gather useful information for those approaching the synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid materials, while providing an overview on the state-of-the art in the synthesis of such materials and highlighting their capacities.
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12

Erigoni, Andrea, and Urbano Diaz. "Porous Silica-Based Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Catalysts: A Review." Catalysts 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010079.

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Hybrid organic-inorganic catalysts have been extensively investigated by several research groups in the last decades, as they allow combining the structural robust-ness of inorganic solids with the versatility of organic chemistry. Within the field of hybrid catalysts, synthetic strategies based on silica are among the most exploitable, due to the convenience of sol-gel chemistry, to the array of silyl-derivative precursors that can be synthesized and to the number of post-synthetic functionalization strategies available, amongst others. This review proposes to highlight these advantages, firstly describing the most common synthetic tools and the chemistry behind sol-gel syntheses of hybrid catalysts, then presenting exemplificative studies involving mono- and multi-functional silica-based hybrid catalysts featuring different types of active sites (acid, base, redox). Materials obtained through different approaches are described and their properties, as well as their catalytic performances, are compared. The general scope of this review is to gather useful information for those approaching the synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid materials, while providing an overview on the state-of-the art in the synthesis of such materials and highlighting their capacities.
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13

Reis, Emmerson M., Wander L. Vasconcelos, Herman S. Mansur, and Marivalda Pereira. "Synthesis and Characterization of Silica-Chitosan Porous Hybrids for Tissue Engineering." Key Engineering Materials 361-363 (November 2007): 967–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.361-363.967.

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A variety of types of organic polymers have been employed in the synthesis of hybrids with silica. In this work the sol-gel method was used for preparation of macroporous 3D hybrid scaffolds based on silica and chitosan in various compositions (10, 20 and 30% wt). The hybrids were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (DRX) and Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the effect of addition of the polymer was evaluated. The foams obtained by sol-gel process were appropriate to produce hybrids based on chitosan-silica and showed large pore size distribution and porosity, except for hybrids with higher polymer content. The FTIR spectroscopy showed a band relative to Si-O-C bond that was also found to increase with the increasing the amounts of chitosan in the hybrid. This fact can suggest an interaction between the organic-inorganic phases in the material and provide new insights on the advantages of chitosansilica hybrid materials produced via sol-gel methodology.
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14

Iqbal, Muhammad Zahir, Misbah Shaheen, Muhammad Waqas Khan, Salma Siddique, Sikandar Aftab, Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur, and Muhammad Javaid Iqbal. "Exploring MOF-199 composites as redox-active materials for hybrid battery-supercapacitor devices." RSC Advances 13, no. 5 (2023): 2860–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra06457j.

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15

Romanos, G. E., O. C. Vangeli, K. L. Stefanopoulos, E. P. Kouvelos, S. K. Papageorgiou, E. P. Favvas, and N. K. Kanellopoulos. "Methods of evaluating pore morphology in hybrid organic–inorganic porous materials." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 120, no. 1-2 (April 2009): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2008.08.058.

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16

Redel, Engelbert, and Helmut Baumgart. "Porous Metal-Organic-Framework (MOF) Based Hybrid Materials for Thermoelectric Applications." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2020-02, no. 29 (November 23, 2020): 1975. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2020-02291975mtgabs.

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17

Lebedev, A., E. Suslova, K. Kazmina, A. Khomyakov, M. Zykova, O. Petrova, R. Avetisov, N. Menshutina, and I. Avetissov. "Hybrid materials based on inorganic aerogel and organic luminophore." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2315, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2315/1/012010.

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Abstract A new luminescent hybrid material based on inorganic aerogel “LightSil” (hereinafter referred to as HM-LS) has been fabricated. Organic phosphor has been directly synthesized from boron and 8-hydroxyquinolinol within the aerogel porous structure during its supercritical drying. Intercalation of various amounts of boron ions (0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 wt%) proceed at the gel aging stage. Synthesis and supercritical drying of materials were conducted in high pressure apparatus in a supercritical carbon dioxide medium at 120 bar pressure, 40°C and 500 g/h gas flow rate. The influence of ion amount on the luminescent, physical and structural characteristics of HM-LS were investigated. Analysis of the PL spectra showed that HM-LS with a boron ion concentration of 0.05 wt% has a highest photoluminescence intensity at a wavelength of 513 nm.
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18

Ribeiro, Erick L., Seyyed Ali Davari, Sheng Hu, Dibyendu Mukherjee, and Bamin Khomami. "Laser-induced synthesis of ZIF-67: a facile approach for the fabrication of crystalline MOFs with tailored size and geometry." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 3, no. 7 (2019): 1302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8qm00671g.

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19

Islam, Md Shahinul, Mahfuza Mubarak, and Ha-Jin Lee. "Hybrid Nanostructured Materials as Electrodes in Energy Storage Devices." Inorganics 11, no. 5 (April 24, 2023): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11050183.

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The global demand for energy is constantly rising, and thus far, remarkable efforts have been put into developing high-performance energy storage devices using nanoscale designs and hybrid approaches. Hybrid nanostructured materials composed of transition metal oxides/hydroxides, metal chalcogenides, metal carbides, metal–organic frameworks, carbonaceous compounds and polymer-based porous materials have been used as electrodes for designing energy storage systems such as batteries, supercapacitors (SCs), and so on. Different kinds of hybrid materials have been shown to be ideal electrode materials for the development of efficient energy storage devices, due to their porous structures, high surface area, high electrical conductivity, charge accommodation capacity, and tunable electronic structures. These hybrid materials can be synthesized following various synthetic strategies, including intercalative hybridization, core–shell architecture, surface anchoring, and defect control, among others. In this study, we discuss applications of the various advanced hybrid nanostructured materials to design efficient batteries and SC-based energy storage systems. Moreover, we focus on their features, limitations, and real-time resolutions.
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20

Kim, Hyunwoo, Nayeong Kim, and Jungki Ryu. "Porous framework-based hybrid materials for solar-to-chemical energy conversion: from powder photocatalysts to photoelectrodes." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 8, no. 17 (2021): 4107–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qi00543j.

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21

Ma, Tian Yi, Tie Zhen Ren, and Zhong Yong Yuan. "Synthesis and Photocatalytic Performance of Hierarchical Porous Titanium Phosphonate Hybrid Materials." Advanced Materials Research 132 (August 2010): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.132.87.

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A hierarchical meso-/macroporous titanium phosphonate (TPPH) hybrid material was prepared via a simple surfactant-assisted process with the use of the precursor tetrabutyl titanate and 1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid. The prepared hybrid TPPH presented amorphous phase, exhibiting a hierarchical macroporous structure composed of mesopores with a pore size of 2.0 nm. The BET surface area is 256 m2/g. The hydroxyethylidene-bridged organophosphonate groups were homogeneously incorporated in the network of the hierarchical porous solid, as revealed by FT-IR, MAS NMR, XPS, and TGA measurements. The optical properties and photocatalytic activity of the hierarchical TPPH material were investigated in comparison with those of hierarchical porous titanium phosphate and pure mesoporous titania materials, showing superiority of the inorganic-organic hybrid framework, suggesting promising photocatalysts for wastewater cleanup.
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22

Okui, Toshiharu, Yuriko Saito, Tatsuya Okubo, and Masayoshi Sadakata. "Gas permeation of porous organic/inorganic hybrid membranes." Journal of Sol-gel Science and Technology 5, no. 2 (1995): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00487728.

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23

Pramanik, Malay, Fa-Kuen Shieh, Saad M. Alshehri, Zeid Abdullah Alothman, Kevin C. W. Wu, and Yusuke Yamauchi. "Template-free synthesis of nanoporous gadolinium phosphonate as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agent." RSC Advances 5, no. 53 (2015): 42762–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra02004b.

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24

García, Hermenegildo. "Photoresponsive porous organosilicas." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 8 (January 1, 2003): 1085–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375081085.

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Novel structured functional hybrid materials can be obtained by incorporating photoresponsive organic components into the silicate walls of periodic mesoporous silicates. Two such materials are described, containing either viologens or stilbene analogs. Thermal or photochemical activation of viologen units generates the corresponding radical cations, whose lifetime can vary from months to milliseconds, depending on the surfactant content of the solid. In a second example, the porosity and tortuosity of the silicate can be modulated by irradiation of an organosilica containing a stilbene-like moiety.
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25

Yildirim, Onur, Matteo Bonomo, Nadia Barbero, Cesare Atzori, Bartolomeo Civalleri, Francesca Bonino, Guido Viscardi, and Claudia Barolo. "Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks as (Photo)Active Material in Hybrid Photovoltaic Technologies." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 26, 2020): 5602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215602.

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are two innovative classes of porous coordination polymers. MOFs are three-dimensional materials made up of secondary building blocks comprised of metal ions/clusters and organic ligands whereas COFs are 2D or 3D highly porous organic solids made up by light elements (i.e., H, B, C, N, O). Both MOFs and COFs, being highly conjugated scaffolds, are very promising as photoactive materials for applications in photocatalysis and artificial photosynthesis because of their tunable electronic properties, high surface area, remarkable light and thermal stability, easy and relative low-cost synthesis, and structural versatility. These properties make them perfectly suitable for photovoltaic application: throughout this review, we summarize recent advances in the employment of both MOFs and COFs in emerging photovoltaics, namely dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) organic photovoltaic (OPV) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). MOFs are successfully implemented in DSSCs as photoanodic material or solid-state sensitizers and in PSCs mainly as hole or electron transporting materials. An innovative paradigm, in which the porous conductive polymer acts as standing-alone sensitized photoanode, is exploited too. Conversely, COFs are mostly implemented as photoactive material or as hole transporting material in PSCs.
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Heravi, Majid M., Bahareh Heidari, Vahideh Zadsirjan, and Leila Mohammadi. "Applications of Cu(0) encapsulated nanocatalysts as superior catalytic systems in Cu-catalyzed organic transformations." RSC Advances 10, no. 42 (2020): 24893–940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra02341h.

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In this review, the catalytic activity of encapsulated Cu-NPs in different important organic transformations is compared with those of a variety of organic, inorganic and hybrid porous materials bearing a traded metal ion.
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27

Maji, Tapas Kumar, and Susumu Kitagawa. "Chemistry of porous coordination polymers." Pure and Applied Chemistry 79, no. 12 (January 1, 2007): 2155–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200779122155.

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Remarkable advances in the recent development of porous compounds based upon coordination polymers have paved the way toward functional chemistry having potential applications such as gas storage, separation, and catalysis. From the synthetic point of view, the advantage is a designable framework, which can readily be constructed from building blocks, the so-called bottom-up assembly. Compared with conventional porous materials such as zeolites and activated carbons, porous inorganic-organic hybrid frameworks have higher potential for adsorption of small molecules because of their designability with respect to the coordination geometry around the central metal ion as well as size and probable multifunctionality of bridging organic ligands. Although rigidity and robustness of porous framework with different degree of adsorption are the most studied properties of metal-organic coordination frameworks, there are few studies on dynamic porous frameworks, which could open up a new dimension in materials chemistry.
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28

RANA, ABHINANDAN. "A Review on Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 2 (2021): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23057.

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are inorganic-organic hybrid porous materials that are composed of positively charged metal ions and organic linkers. The metal ions form nodes that connect the arms of the linkers together to form one-, two-, or three-dimensional structures. Due to this void structure, MOFs have an unusually large internal surface area. They have received enormous interest in recent years particularly as newly developed porous materials. They possess a wide range of potential applications like gas storage, catalysis, sensors, drug delivery, adsorption, etc. In present review article, synthetic methods and applications of MOFs have been discussed.
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29

Retuert, J., R. Quijada, V. Arias, and M. Yazdani-Pedram. "Porous silica derived from chitosan-containing hybrid composites." Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 2 (February 2003): 487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2003.0062.

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In this paper, we report the preparation by the sol-gel technique of organic–inorganic hybrid composites containing the biopolymer chitosan incorporated in a siloxane-based inorganic network. The hybrid xerogels were transformed into porous silica particles by elimination of the organic phase. Surface characteristics of the silica samples can be easily tailored. In this way Brunauer–Emmett–Teller areas, pore volume, and pore diameter of the prepared silica can be predetermined within a wide range. Morphology of the particles at longer length scales can be designed to obtain either irregularly shaped particles with layered morphology or spherical particles. The results are explained on the basis of the cationic polyelectrolytic properties of chitosan, which allows easy association with siloxane oligomers, the precursors of silica in forming hybrid nanocomposites.
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30

Aura, Susanna, Ville Jokinen, Mikko Laitinen, Timo Sajavaara, and Sami Franssila. "Porous inorganic–organic hybrid material by oxygen plasma treatment." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 21, no. 12 (November 3, 2011): 125003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/21/12/125003.

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31

Wang, Tiansheng, Shunyou Hu, Dong Wu, Weiwei Zhao, Wen Yu, Mi Wang, Jie Xu, and Jiaheng Zhang. "Boosting the capacity of biomass-based supercapacitors using carbon materials of wood derivatives and redox molecules from plants." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 19 (2021): 11839–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta01542g.

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A strategy for biomass-based supercapacitors prepared by the hybrid system electrodes made from a biomass-based material sodium lignosulfonate-derived hierarchical porous graphitic carbon (PGLS) and an organic redox compound (alizarin).
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32

Yoon, Joonsik, Ji Hyun Lee, Jun Bae Lee, and Jun Hyup Lee. "Highly Scattering Hierarchical Porous Polymer Microspheres with a High-Refractive Index Inorganic Surface for a Soft-Focus Effect." Polymers 12, no. 10 (October 20, 2020): 2418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102418.

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Functional light scattering materials have received considerable attention in various fields including cosmetics and optics. However, a conventional approach based on optically active inorganic materials requires considerable synthetic effort and complicated dispersion processes for special refractive materials. Here, we report a simple and effective fabrication strategy for highly scattering hierarchical porous polymer microspheres with a high-refractive index inorganic surface that mitigates the disadvantages of inorganic materials, producing organic-inorganic hybrid particles with an excellent soft-focus effect. Hierarchical organic-inorganic hybrid particles were synthesized using the simple physical mixing of porous poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microparticles with different pore sizes and regularities as the organic core and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles with different particle sizes as the inorganic shell. The polar noncovalent interactions between polar PMMA microspheres and the polar surface of TiO2 nanoparticles could induce the hierarchical core-shell structure of hybrid particles. The synthesized hybrid particles had increased diffuse reflectance properties of up to 160% compared with single inorganic particles. In addition, the light scattering efficiency and soft-focus effect could be increased further, depending on the size of the TiO2 nanoparticles and the pore characteristics of the PMMA microspheres. The proposed study can provide a facile and versatile way to improve the light scattering performance for potential cosmetics.
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Liu, Ming, Linda Zhang, Marc A. Little, Venkat Kapil, Michele Ceriotti, Siyuan Yang, Lifeng Ding, et al. "Barely porous organic cages for hydrogen isotope separation." Science 366, no. 6465 (October 31, 2019): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aax7427.

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The separation of hydrogen isotopes for applications such as nuclear fusion is a major challenge. Current technologies are energy intensive and inefficient. Nanoporous materials have the potential to separate hydrogen isotopes by kinetic quantum sieving, but high separation selectivity tends to correlate with low adsorption capacity, which can prohibit process scale-up. In this study, we use organic synthesis to modify the internal cavities of cage molecules to produce hybrid materials that are excellent quantum sieves. By combining small-pore and large-pore cages together in a single solid, we produce a material with optimal separation performance that combines an excellent deuterium/hydrogen selectivity (8.0) with a high deuterium uptake (4.7 millimoles per gram).
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34

Olenych, I. B., and O. I. Aksimentyeva. "Photosensitive organic-inorganic hybrid structures based on porous silicon." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 671, no. 1 (August 13, 2018): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421406.2018.1542091.

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35

Sun, Libo, Zhiqiang Liang, and Jihong Yu. "Octavinylsilsesquioxane-based luminescent nanoporous inorganic–organic hybrid polymers constructed by the Heck coupling reaction." Polymer Chemistry 6, no. 6 (2015): 917–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4py01284d.

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A class of luminescent nanoporous inorganic–organic hybrid polymers has been synthesized by the Heck coupling of octavinylsilsesquioxane with aromatic bromide monomers. The resulting materials exhibit porous and luminescent features, and show picric acid sensing behaviour.
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36

Klapiszewski, Łukasz, Jakub Zdarta, Tomasz Szatkowski, Marcin Wysokowski, Magdalena Nowacka, Karolina Szwarc-Rzepka, Przemysław Bartczak, Katarzyna Siwińska-Stefańska, Hermann Ehrlich, and Teofil Jesionowski. "Silica/lignosulfonate hybrid materials: Preparation and characterization." Open Chemistry 12, no. 6 (June 1, 2014): 719–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-014-0523-5.

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AbstractThe research reported here concerns the synthesis, characterization and potential applications of silica/lignosulfonate hybrid materials. Three types of silica were used (Aerosil®200, Syloid®244 and hydrated silica), along with magnesium lignosulfonate. The effectiveness of the hybrid material synthesis methodology was confirmed indirectly, using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental and colorimetric analysis. Dispersive-morphological analysis indicates that the products with the best properties were obtained using 10 parts by weight of magnesium lignosulfonate per 100 parts of Syloid®244 silica. The relatively high thermal stability recorded for the majority of the synthesized products indicates the potential use of this kind of a material as a polymer filler. Results indicating the high electrokinetic stability of the materials are also of great importance. Additionally, the very good porous structure properties indicate the potential use of silica/lignosulfonate systems as biosorbents of hazardous metal ions and harmful organic compounds.
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37

Andriamitantsoa, Radoelizo S., Wenjun Dong, Hongyi Gao, and Ge Wang. "Porous organic–inorganic hybrid xerogels for stearic acid shape-stabilized phase change materials." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 4 (2017): 1790–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nj03034c.

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38

Hoffmann, Frank, and Michael Fröba. "Vitalising porous inorganic silica networks with organic functions—PMOs and related hybrid materials." Chem. Soc. Rev. 40, no. 2 (2011): 608–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0cs00076k.

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39

Cornelius, Maximilian, Jürgen Morell, Vivian Rebbin, and Michael Fröba. "Periodic Mesoporous Organosilicas (PMOs): A New Class of Porous Inorganic-organic Hybrid Materials." Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 630, no. 11 (September 2004): 1715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.200470048.

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Jhung, Sung Hwa, Jin-Ho Lee, Paul M. Forster, Gérard Férey, Anthony K. Cheetham, and Jong-San Chang. "Microwave Synthesis of Hybrid Inorganic–Organic Porous Materials: Phase-Selective and Rapid Crystallization." Chemistry - A European Journal 12, no. 30 (October 16, 2006): 7899–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200600270.

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41

Bontempi, Elza, Alessandra Zanoletti, Fabjola Bilo, Kamen Tushtev, Gabriele Valente, Dario Zappa, Laura Treccani, and Laura Eleonora Depero. "New Sustainable Hybrid Porous Materials for Air Particulate Matter Trapping." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 2237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.2237.

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Particulate matter (PM) is the air pollutant which has the most severe impact on health. Currently, around 90% of the population of European cities for which PM data exist is exposed to levels exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guidelines levels. To improve air quality in cities, the challenge is to develop an innovative material solution that can reduce the concentration of PM in the air. In this presentation new porous hybrid materials produced from sodium alginate and some by-products (silica fume, wood ash), are presented. The material porosity is obtained by thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate, made at low temperature (70-80°C). The structural and morphological characterization made by XRD, and SEM shows that the materials are porous organic-inorganic hybrid. The mechanical performances of the obtained materials are also investigated. On the basis of embodied energy and carbon footprint of materials primary production, the sustainability of the new obtained materials is evaluated and quantified. The different materials compositions are evaluated and compared in terms of mechanical strength and sustainability. The air particulate matter adsorption characteristics of the material are investigated by a laboratory room, to evaluate its adsorption capacity. Finally the versatility of the new material is also demonstrated in term of their design possibilities: these materials can be direct foamed, extruded, and also 3D printed, with several application advantages.
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42

Yu, Qiming, and Hongming Wang. "Efficient dinitrogen fixation on porous covalent organic framework/carbon nanotubes hybrid at low overpotential." Functional Materials Letters 14, no. 05 (June 11, 2021): 2151027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604721510279.

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Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction under ambient conditions is a promising approach for ammonia synthesis, but it is challenging to develop highly efficient electrocatalysts. In this work, a hybrid of covalent organic framework (COF) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are developed for efficient nitrogen electroreduction with a high faradaic efficiency (FE) of 12.7% at 0.0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a remarkable production rate of ammonia up to 8.56 [Formula: see text]g h[Formula: see text] mg[Formula: see text] at –0.2 V versus RHE. Experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that Ni centers are active sites for NH3 synthesis, while the [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] stacking between COF-366-Ni and conductive CNTs scaffold results in the rapid interfacial charge transfer. This investigation provides new insights on the rational design of organic–inorganic porous hybrids for efficient nitrogen conversion and ammonia synthesis at ambient conditions.
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Karakhanov, Eduard, Anton Maximov, Maksim Boronoev, Leonid Kulikov, and Maria Terenina. "Mesoporous organo-inorganic hybrid materials as hydrogenation catalysts." Pure and Applied Chemistry 89, no. 8 (July 26, 2017): 1157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2016-1207.

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AbstractThe paper concerns application of two types of organic materials – porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) with diamond-like structure and the ordered mesoporous phenol-formaldehyde polymers (MPFs) – as supports for metal and metal sulfide nanoparticles. The obtained hybrid materials were tested in hydrogenation of various unsaturated and aromatic compounds. Ruthenium catalyst, based on PAF (Ru-PAF-30), possessed high activity in exhaustive hydrogenation of phenol into cyclohexanol with TOF value of 2700 h−1. Platinum catalyst, based on modified with sulfo-groups MPF (MPF-SO3H-Pt), was selective in semi-hydrogenation of terpenes, [α-terpinene, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, (s)-limonene]. Bimetallic Ni–W sulfide catalysts, prepared by in situ decomposition of [(n-Bu)4N]2Ni(WS4)2 within the pores of MPFs and PAFs, possessed high efficiency in hydrogenation-hydrocracking of naphthalenes as model substrates.
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Gao, Xiang, Wen-Hui Yan, Bo-Yang Hu, Yu-Xin Huang, and Shi-Mei Zheng. "Porous Metal–Organic Frameworks for Light Hydrocarbon Separation." Molecules 28, no. 17 (August 30, 2023): 6337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176337.

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The separation of light hydrocarbon compounds is an important process in the chemical industry. Currently, its separation methods mainly include distillation, membrane separation, and physical adsorption. However, these traditional methods or materials have some drawbacks and disadvantages, such as expensive equipment costs and high energy consumption, poor selectivity, low separation ratios, and separation efficiencies. Therefore, it is important to develop novel separation materials for light hydrocarbon separation. As a new type of organic–inorganic hybrid crystalline material, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials for light hydrocarbon separation due to their designability of structure and easy modulation of function. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the design, synthesis, and application of MOFs for light hydrocarbon separation in recent years, with a focus on the separation of alkane, alkene, and alkyne. We discuss strategies for improving the adsorption selectivity and capacity of MOFs, including pore size limitation, physical adsorption, and chemisorption. In addition, we discuss the advantages/disadvantages, challenges, and prospects of MOFs in the separation of light hydrocarbon.
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Zhang, Hui, Wenqi Zhao, Yizeng Wu, Yunsong Wang, Mingchu Zou, and Anyuan Cao. "Dense monolithic MOF and carbon nanotube hybrid with enhanced volumetric and areal capacities for lithium–sulfur battery." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 15 (2019): 9195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta00485h.

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Densely packed metal–organic framework (MOF) and carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid materials with tailored hierarchical porous structures are prepared by in situ growth and room temperature drying/shrinking for high-performance compact energy storage systems.
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46

KIM, KYUNG-IL, JUN-YOUNG LEE, JOON-HYUN AN, and JUNG-HYUN KIM. "MORPHOLOGY AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYIMIDE/POLYSILSESQUIOXANE HYBRID FILMS WITH MESO/MACRO DOUBLE POROUS STRUCTURE." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 13, no. 03n04 (December 2004): 541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863504002237.

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Supercritical CO 2 ( ScCO 2) can dissolve organic materials easily just by changing temperature and pressure. This property of ScCO 2 can be applied to extract some ScCO 2-philic organic molecules from matrix material. The ScCO 2 was used to generate the meso/macro double porous structure of polyimide/polysilsesquioxane (PI/PSSQ) hybrid film. The morphology of the porous structure was measured by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Here, we demonstrate that the ScCO 2 could penetrate into the hybrid thin film and take away the small molecules, which are the by-product ( CO 2) from the imidization reaction of the PI segment and the solvent remained in the PSSQ segment by sol-gel process.
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47

Figueira, Flávio, and Filipe A. Almeida Paz. "Porphyrin MOF-Derived Porous Carbons: Preparation and Applications." C 7, no. 2 (May 15, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c7020047.

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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials with permanent porosity, composed of metal nodes and organic linkers whose well-ordered arrangement enables them to act as ideal templates to produce materials with a uniform distribution of heteroatom and metal elements. The hybrid nature of MOFs, well-defined pore structure, large surface area and tunable chemical composition of their precursors, led to the preparation of various MOF-derived porous carbons with controlled structures and compositions bearing some of the unique structural properties of the parent networks. In this regard, an important class of MOFs constructed with porphyrin ligands were described, playing significant roles in the metal distribution within the porous carbon material. The most striking early achievements using porphyrin-based MOF porous carbons are here summarized, including preparation methods and their transformation into materials for electrochemical reactions.
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He, Chenying, Xia Li, Yahui Li, Junfang Li, and Guangcheng Xi. "Large-scale synthesis of Au–WO3 porous hollow spheres and their photocatalytic properties." Catalysis Science & Technology 7, no. 17 (2017): 3702–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cy01399j.

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Uniform Au–WO3 porous hollow spheres have been synthesized on a large-scale by a general in situ reaction. The hybrid materials exhibit excellent activity for visible-light photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.
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Li, Long, Tengyue Wang, Zhengtao Xu, Wenhua Zhou, and Xue-Feng Yu. "A facile approach for hierarchical architectures of an enzyme–metal–organic framework biocatalyst with high activity and stability." Nanoscale 14, no. 10 (2022): 3929–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nr07826g.

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50

Yot, Pascal G., Mohammad Wahiduzzaman, Erik Elkaim, Pierre Fertey, Paul Fabry, Christian Serre, and Guillaume Maurin. "Modulation of the mechanical energy storage performance of the MIL-47(VIV) metal organic framework by ligand functionalization." Dalton Transactions 48, no. 5 (2019): 1656–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8dt04214d.

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The functionalization of the metal–organic framework MIL-47(VIV) with ligand bearing bulky functional group –CF3 has been shown as a promising route to enhance the mechanical energy storage performances of this family of hybrid porous materials.
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