Relevant bibliographies by topics / Organic

Academic literature on the topic 'Organic'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Organic"

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Paull, John. "Organic Agriculture in Tunisia, Africa." European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 6, no. 1 (February 16, 2024): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2024.6.1.774.

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Tunisia reports 279,389 hectares of certified organic agriculture, accounting for 2.87% of the country’s farmland. Most of Tunisia’s organic production is exported. Organic olive oil accounts for 74% of organic exports, and organic dates for 22%. In 2021, Tunisia bid and won the right to host the Organic World Congress (OWC) 2024. After almost half a century of OWCs, the prospective OWS Tunis 2024 was to be the first such event to be held in Africa. It would be an opportunity to showcase Tunisian and African organics, and to provide a welcome impetus to grow the organics sectors of the country and the continent. In 2023, OWS Tunis 2024 was cancelled in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, the loss-making OWC Rennes 2021, and changed economic, political and social circumstances. The African continent is an under-performer in organics; 15 countries report no organics, 28 countries report less than 1% organics and only a single country reports greater than 5% (viz. São Tomé and Principe, 21.2%). Tunisia is an organics leader in Africa. The present paper tracks the stop-start growth of the organics sector of Tunisia over the past two decades.
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Haikal Mulana, Gusman, Mila Amelia, Konitatu Rahmah, Muhammad Azizi, Hera Nurjanah, and Ahmad Jamaludin Jambunanda. "BUDIDAYA SAYURAN ORGANIK DI KAMPUNG KAWARON SEBAGAI PENINGKATAN KETAHANAN PANGAN DI ERA NEW NORMAL." Lembaran Masyarakat: Jurnal Pengembangan Masyarakat Islam 9, no. 1 (June 23, 2023): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32678/lbrmasy.v9i1.8446.

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Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menigkatkan ketahanan pangan kepada masyarakat di kampung kawaron di era new normal adalah dengan menerapkan bercocok tanam sayur organik. Budidaya sayur organik dapat mengurangi limbah rumah tangga. Pertanian secara organic, memberikan alternatif tentang bahan-bahan insitu yang dapat digunakan untuk penerapan system pertanian organi dan mendapatkan jalur kemitraan untuk pemasaran produk organic. Untuk Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif, serta pada analisis data penulis melakukan observasi dan wawancara dari masyarakat kampung kawaron, penulis juga melakukan berbagai penyaringan fasilitas dari sumber-sumber informasi yang terpercaya sesaui yang dibutuhkan. Hasil yang dicapai yaitu pemahaman bahwa perlu kita beralih ke konsep pertanian organik yang memperhatikan aspek ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan. Sehiggga produk yang dihasilakan sehat dan aman dikonsumsi. Hal itu bisa dimulai dari penggunaan limbah kotoran hewan yang ada disekitar lingkungan kita untk dijadikan pupuk organik.
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Ovawanda, Eka Armi, Witjaksono Witjaksono, and Y. Andi Trisyono. "Insect Biodiversity in Organic and Non-Organic Rice Ecosystem in The District of Bantul." Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 20, no. 1 (July 28, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpti.16619.

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Measuring biodiversity of insects is an essential part in management concept of insect pest populations based on ecology. This study examined the index of insect biodiversity by measuring species richness, species evenness and heterogeneity in organic and non-organic rice farming ecosystem. The sampling was conducted during the planting season of April–May 2015 and October–November 2015 at 44, 52 and 66 days after rice transplanting (DAT). High number of species richness (7 to 13 species) was found in the non-organic rice field (April–May 2015). In contrast, high number of species richness (22 to 33 species) was found in the organic rice field (October–November 2015). The species evenness and heterogeneity in the organic farming were generally higher than these in the non-organic rice in the both of planting season April–May 2015 and October–November 2015. Overall, the organic rice farming ecosystem can increase species richness, species evenness and heterogeneity of insect. INTISARI Mengukur biodiversitas serangga adalah salah satu bagian penting dalam konsep pengelolaan populasi serangga hama berbasis ekologi. Penelitian ini mengkaji indeks biodiversitas serangga dengan mengukur kekayaan spesies (species richness), kemerataan spesies (species evenness), dan keanekaragaman/kelimpahan spesies (heterogenity) pada sistem budidaya padi organik dan non-organik. Pengambilan sampel diperoleh pada saat musim tanam April–Mei 2015 dan musim tanam Oktober–November 2015 di 44, 52, dan 66 hari setelah tanam. Total kekayaan spesies tertinggi (7–13 spesies) ditemukan di lahan padi non-organik (April–Mei 2015). Sebaliknya, total kekayaan spesies (22–33 spesies) ditemukan di lahan padi organik (Oktober–November 2015). Kemerataan spesies dan heterogenitas di lahan padi organik secara umum lebih tinggi dibanding di padi non-organik pada kedua musim tanam April–Mei 2015 dan Oktober–November 2015. Secara keseluruhan, sistem budidaya di ekosistem padi organik dapat meningkatkan kekayaan spesies, kemerataan spesies, dan heterogenitas serangga.
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Mulyanti, Sri, Atik Rahmawati, and Ulfa Lutfianasari. "IMPLICATION OF MINI PROJECT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENTS FOR IMPROVING ORGANIC CHEMISTRY CONCEPT." EDUSAINS 13, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/es.v13i2.16879.

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IMPLICATION OF MINI PROJECT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENTS FOR IMPROVING ORGANIC CHEMISTRY CONCEPTAbstractOrganic Chemistry Practice is one of the courses in the chemical education department that must be taken by pre-service teacher of chemistry, still lack of mastery of students on organic chemistry concepts, requiring lecturers to be able to design the experiment in such a way so as to increase mastery of the concept of organic chemistry students in Organic Chemistry Practice. This study aims to apply the mini project model to the Organic Chemistry Practice so that it is expected to increase students' mastery of concepts in organic chemistry. The research was conducted using quantitative methods, its measuring conceptual change from the students from N-gain score. The results showed that there was an increase in students' mastery of concepts based on the% N-gain obtained. The majority of students are at a high criterion with% N-Gain> 70. The t test shows the significance of the implementation of the mini project model to increase students' mastery of concept concepts.AbstrakRendahnya penguasaan mahasiswa terhadap konsep-konsep kimia organik, menuntut pengajar untuk dapat mendesain praktikum sedemikian rupa, sehingga dapat meningkatkan penguasaan konsep kimia organik mahasiswa pada Praktikum Kimia Organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan model mini project pada Praktikum Kimia Organik sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan penguasaan konsep mahasiswa pada materi kimia organik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif, yakni mengukur hasil tes penguasaan konsep mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan penguasaan konsep mahasiswa berdasarkan hasil %N-Gain yang diperoleh. Mayoritas mahasiswa berada pada kriteria tinggi dengan %N-Gain > dari 70. Uji t menunjukkan signifikansi pelaksanaan model mini project terhadap peningkatan penguasaan konsep mahasiswa.
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Jolly, Desmond A., and Kim Norris. "Marketing prospects for organic and pesticide-free produce." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 6, no. 4 (December 1991): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300004227.

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AbstractThe March 1989 food safety episodes involving Alar on apples and the cyanide tainted grapes found in a Chilean shipment were seminal events in the history of U.S. organic agriculture. Demand for organic produce soared as a consequence of these events, and mainstream supermarkets began adding more organic produce to their traditional product lines. But when organic supplies proved scarce, and as prices increased, consumer purchases decreased and many marketing managers began to question the rationality of allocating scarce shelf space to organic products. In fact, many supermarket chains either drastically reduced their organic offerings or dropped them altogether. Some analysts proclaimed that organics had failed the market test. However, two surveys we carried out in 1989 and 1991 among major California supermarket chains show that forecasts of the demise of organic produce in mainstream markets may have been premature. Of 16 chains responding to our survey, 12 continue to carry organic produce. All had carried organics for more than six months, two-thirds of them for more than a year. Of the 12 that carry organics, six rate organics as worse overall than conventional produce. But, interestingly, six rate organics as “about the same” as conventional produce. This is a significant achievement for organics. Organics rated better on environmental impact and residues, worse on appearance and shelf life, and “about the same” on flavor and nutritive value. Despite the constraints and difficulties encountered in marketing organic foods, 8 of the 12 chains that carry organics would carry more organic fruits and vegetables if supplies were available. The prospects for certified “pesticide free” produce are less definite.
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Paull, John. "Organics Olympiad 2016: Global Indices of Leadership in Organic Agriculture." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 7, no. 2 (July 6, 2016): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v7i2.1309.

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Organic production (including agriculture, wild culture, forestry and aquaculture) is a worldwide phenomenon that is practiced in at least 172 countries. The Organics Olympiad presents 14 indices of global organics leadership, each at three levels (Gold, Silver and Bronze). The Organics Olympiad of 2016 yields 29 countries as global organics leaders, and confirms that organics leadership is diversely distributed across countries, large and small, rich and poor, developed and less so, and cuts across linguistic, ethnic and cultural boundaries. Australia continues to lead the world in organic agriculture hectares. Australia also leads in the increase of organic hectares over the past four years (since the Organics Olympiad 2012) and in the number of WWOOF (Willing Workers on Organic Farms) hosts. Finlandleads in organic wild culture hectares. Vietnam leads in organic aquaculture hectares, and Tunisia leads in organic forest hectares. Germany leads in biodynamic hectares, as well as with the number of members of IFOAM-Organics International. India leads for the number of organic producers. The Falkland Islands (Malvinas) leads in terms of the percentage agricultural land dedicated as organic. Switzerland leads with the value of organics consumption per capita. USA leads in the value of the organics market. Denmark leads in the publishing of organics research papers over the past four years. Namibia leads in the percentage increase in organic hectares over the past four years. The overall global organics leaders, on the basis of aggregated scores, are Australia, Germany, and Switzerland, in positions one, two and three, respectively. This study demonstrates the successful global diffusion of organics, and identifies that leadership lessons can be available from a broad diversity of countries. Key implications are identified.
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Suharyono, Mayasuri Presilla. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC FARMING IN VIETNAM." Jurnal Kajian Wilayah 9, no. 1 (June 28, 2018): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jkw.v9i1.783.

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Organic products nowadays are very potential to be developed because of the increasing demand from consumers around the world on safe food which are free from agrochemicals, such as fertilizers and chemical. Demand for organic products mainly comes from countries in the western of Europe, in the northern America, in the East Asia. Besides promoting health for human and the environment, organic farming can also increase income for farmers due to the higher price of organic products compared to ordinary agricultural products. The growing market share of organic products in the world is a great opportunity for agricultural producers to shift its agriculture from conventional to organic systems. This article is written based on the PSDR-LIPI research about sustainable agriculture in Vietnam in 2013, coupled with current news on Vietnam's organic farming today. The research result shows that the opportunity to reach a large organic market has not been caught by the agricultural producer countries, such as Vietnam. Until now, organic agriculture in Vietnam has not developed rapidly, although it has spread in some provinces. The slow growth of organic agriculture is as the consequence of several things, such as the orientation of agricultural development which emphasize more on quantity and not quality, lack of legal framework, and complicated and high investment costs for developing organic farming.Keywords:organic farming, organic market, legal framework, high investment, agriculture AbstrakProduk-produk organik saat ini sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan karena semakin besarnya minat konsumen dunia akan produk makanan yang bebas dari penggunaan bahan-bahan kimia, seperti pupuk dan pestisida kimia, sehingga aman untuk dikonsumsi. Permintaan produk-produk organik terutama datang dari negara-negara Eropa Barat, Amerika Utara, serta Asia Timur. Berbagai keuntungan yang bisa didapatkan dari pertanian organik adalah peningkatan kesehatan tubuh, kesehatan ekosistem (tanah, air, hewan, dan tumbuhan), serta peningkatan penghasilan bagi para petani karena harga produk organik yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan produk-produk pertanian pada umumnya. Semakin besarnya pangsa pasar produk organik di dunia merupakan kesempatan besar bagi para produsen pertanian untuk beralih dari sistem konvensional ke sistem organik. Artikel ini ditulis berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh penulis bersama dengan tim peneliti PSDR-LIPI lainnya tentang pertanian berkelanjutan di Vietnam pada tahun 2013, dan ditambah dengan berita-berita terkini tentang pertanian organik Vietnam. Hasil penelitian dan penelusuran menunjukkan bahwa kesempatan untuk meraih pasar organik yang besar belum banyak ditangkap oleh negara-negara produsen dan pengekspor hasil pertanian, misalnya Vietnam. Hingga saat ini, pertanian organik di Vietnam belum berkembang pesat, walaupun keberadaannya telah tersebar di beberapa daerah. Lambatnya perkembangan pertanian organik ini disebabkan oleh beberapa hal, di antaranya pembangunan pertanian yang masih berorientasi pada masalah kuantitas dan bukan kualitas, belum ada tuntutan yang besar dari pasar domestik untuk masalah keamanan pangan, dan besarnya biaya investasi untuk sebuah pertanian organik.Kata kunci: pertanian organik, pasar produk organik, kerangka hukum, investasi besar, dan pertanian
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Dinh, Nguyen Nang, Tran Si Trong Khanh, Lam Minh Long, Nguyen Duc Cuong, and Nguyen Phuong Hoai Nam. "Nanomaterials for Organic Optoelectronic Devices: Organic Light-Emitting Diodes, Organics Solar Cells and Organic Gas Sensors." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 61, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 1422–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mt-mn2019042.

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Seul, Soo Duk. "Plasma Treatment Effect of Organic/Organic Core-Shell Acrylic Adhesive Bender (2)." Polymer Korea 34, no. 2 (March 31, 2010): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7317/pk.2010.34.2.89.

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Rahman, Aviv Yuniar, Feddy Wanditya Setiawan, and April Lia Hananto. "APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI TEPAT GUNA UNTUK UMKM PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH ORGANIK SEBAGAI PAKAN CACING." Panrita Abdi - Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat 4, no. 2 (March 8, 2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/pa.v4i2.7340.

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Appropriate Technology Application for MSME Organic Waste Processing as Worm Feed Abstract. Waste is a problem that has not been resolved, therefore to reduce the adverse effects caused by waste, it is necessary to innovate waste management in order to have economic value. With this innovation in managing waste, the community can reduce the level of waste accumulation and reduce air pollution, especially for processing organic waste. CV. Rumah Alama Jaya (RAJ) Organics is a partner in this program because it produces worm feed using raw materials for organic waste. However, there are obstacles in the field of production that is a tool for making feed ingredients in worms that are still done in the traditional way and require a long time. The solution offered is to make an organic waste blender machine that can chop organic waste such as leaves and twigs to be used as worm feed. The methods used in making this waste treatment machine are location survey, group discussion, literature study, tool making, tool experimentation, and results evaluation. The results of the organic waste blender produce small particles of waste so it is faster to be processed to the next stage. With the help of this organic waste processing machine, the waste that has been chopped, fermented, and treated with this machine is capable of wasting the waste in 2 days. So, the production process becomes efficient because the process of eating worms is not too long and the process of accumulating waste is minimal.Keywords: Blender machine, organic waste processing, worm feed.Abstrak. Sampah menjadi masalah yang belum terselesaikan hingga saat ini. Oleh karena itu untuk mengurangi dampak buruk yang diakibatkan oleh sampah, maka diperlukan inovasi pengolahan sampah agar mempunyai nilai ekonomi. Dengan adanya inovasi mengelola sampah ini masyarakat dapat mengurangi tingkat penumpukan sampah dan mengurangi polusi udara, khususnya untuk mengolah sampah organik. CV. Rumah Alam Jaya (RAJ) Organik menjadi mitra dalam program ini karena memproduksi pakan cacing menggunakan bahan baku sampah organik. Namun, terdapat kendala pada bidang produksi yaitu alat cara pembuatan bahan pakan pada cacing yang masih dilakukan dengan cara tradisional dan membutuh-kan waktu lama. Solusi yang ditawarkan yaitu membuat mesin blender sampah organik yang dapat mencacah sampah organik seperti daun dan ranting untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan cacing. Metode yang dilaksanakan dalam pembuatan mesin pengolahan sampah ini yaitu survey lokasi, diskusi kelompok, studi literatur, pembuatan alat, percobaan alat, dan evaluasi hasil. Blender sampah organik mampu menghasilkan partikel-partikel kecil sampah sehingga lebih cepat diolah ketahap selanjutnya. Dengan bantuan mesin pengolahan sampah organik ini sampah yang sudah di cacah, difermentasi, dan diolah dengan mesin ini cacing mampu menghabiskan limbah tersebut dalam 2 hari sehingga proses produksi menjadi efisien karena proses makan cacing tidak terlalu lama dan proses penumpukan sampah semakin minimal. Kata Kunci: Mesin blender, pengolahan limbah organik, pakan cacing.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Organic"

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Vrchotová, Jana. "Organické materiály pro molekulární elektroniku a fotoniku." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403856.

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Organická elektronika je dynamické, rychle se rozvíjející odvětví. Studium nových materiálů pro organickou elektroniku je důležitým úkolem jak z hlediska výkonnosti budoucích zařízení a ekonomičnosti procesů, tak z hlediska vlivu jejich používání na životní prostředí. Deriváty diketopyrrolopyrrolu patří mezi zajímavé materiály, které jsou v posledních letech studovány s ohledem na využití v organické elektronice. Dizertační práce je zaměřena na studium těchto materiálů a jejich jak optickou, tak i elektrickou charakterizaci. Součástí je také zhodnocení jejich potenciální aplikace v organické elektronice a návrhy optimalizace jejich výkonu. Teoretická část práce popisuje současný stav na poli organické elektroniky zaměřený na materiály na bázi diketopyrrolopyrrolu. Následující výsledková část shrnuje podstatné výsledky práce a obsahuje stručný úvod k přiloženým publikacím, včetně zhodnocení vlastního přínosu autora k jednotlivým publikacím. Výsledková část dále sestává z 6 vědeckých publikací, které jsou nedílnou součástí této práce a jsou tematicky propojeny v oblasti organické elektroniky, nových materiálů na bázi diketopyrrolopyrrolu a jejich aplikací. Z formálního hlediska je práce na základě čl. 42 odstavce 1b Studijního a zkušebního řádu VUT koncipovaná jako tematicky uspořádaný soubor uveřejněných prací a prací přijatých k publikaci.
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Češka, Matěj. "Nízkomolekulární materiály pro organickou elektroniku a fotoniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216829.

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This master´s thesis deals with organic materials for use in electronics and photonics. Attention was paid to low molecular weight materials. The theoretical part of this thesis contains brief introduction to organic electronics and photonics. In particular, organic transistors, organic solar cells and organic light-emitting diodes are mentioned. The experimental part is focused on study of electrical and optical properties of two types of phthalocyanines. Thin films and solutions of phthalocyanines were characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy. Thin films were also characterized by current voltage characteristics, spectral response measurement of photocurrent and by method of transient photoconductivity. It was found that illumination affects the electrical properties of thin layers of phthalocyanines, the performance of the prepared thin films depends on the type phthalocyanine and also depends on the thickness of the layer.
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Schalnat, Matthew Craig. "Spectroscopic Srudies of Model Organic Photovoltaic and Organic Light Emitting Diode Organic-Organic' and Metal-Organic Heterojunctions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194656.

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The purpose of this Dissertation was to present fundamental approaches to expand the general knowledge of the chemistry that occurs at both the organic-organic' (O-O') and the metal-organic (M-O) interfaces in organic optoelectronic devices. In order to simplify the interactions in the initial studies presented herein, simple model molecules that represent the larger, highly conjugated molecules used in device construction were considered.UPS, reductive-desorption electrochemistry, and Raman surface spectroscopy were used to determine monolayer characteristics of thiophenol and pentafluorothiophenol on Ag. Proposed interfacial orientations and molecular spacing of the TP and F5TP were proposed. Benzene and hexafluorobenzene (F6-benzene) were then condensed and forcibly dewet onto the monolayers in an effort to understand the solid-liquid interfacial interactions. Benzene films on alkanethiol (UDT) and perfluorinated thiophenol (F5TP) were prone to rupturing, and spectroscopically appeared to be liquid-like in character, while molecular spacing of TP and adsorbed benzene on unmodified Ag template ordered benzene films. Polycrystalline films of F6-benzene forms at the interfaces of TP and unmodified substrates. F6-benzene induces a reorientation of F5TP molecules, but is subsequently unable to induce long range order. F6-benzene on UDT appears liquid-like. These studies show that fixed molecules can stimulate order or disorder at a molecular heterojunction, which may have profound effects in device efficiency.In an effort to begin to understand the complicated reaction chemistry that occurs at the organic-metal interfaces in optoelectronic devices, thin benzene films were reacted with typical device cathode metals, Ag, Mg, Al, and Ca, and studied using Raman vibrational spectroscopy. Ag and Mg form metal clusters and some adduct formation. Al undergoes an insertion reaction, forming a substituted benzene ring. Ca reacts with benzene to form a phenyl radical, which then decomposes the film into regions of ordered graphitic carbon. The results of these studies are attributed to atomic properties of the metal atoms.
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Hunter, James Freeman. "Oxidation of atmospheric organic carbon : interconnecting volatile organic compounds, intermediate-volatility organic compounds, and organic aerosol." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/97794.

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Thesis: Ph. D. in Environmental Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 101-110).
.Organic molecules have many important roles in the atmosphere, acting as climate and biogeochemical forcers, and in some cases as toxic pollutants. The lifecycle of atmospheric organic carbon is extremely complex, with reaction in multiple phases (gas, particle, aqueous) and at multiple timescales. The details of the lifecycle chemistry (especially the amount and properties of particles) have important implications for air quality, climate, and human and ecosystem health, and need to be understood better. Much of the chemical complexity and uncertainty lies in the reactions and properties of low-volatility oxidized intermediates that result from the oxidation of volatile organic precursors, and which have received comparatively little study thus far. This thesis describes three projects that link together the entire chain of oxidation (volatile to intermediate to condensed) in an effort to improve our understanding of carbon lifecycle and aerosol production. Laboratory studies of atmospherically relevant aerosol precursors show that the slow oxidation of intermediates is critical to explaining the yield and properties of aerosol under highly oxidized ("aged") conditions, and that the production of organic particles is significantly increased when intermediates are fully oxidized. This aging process is a strong function of molecular structure, and depends on aerosol concentration through the phenomenon of condensational trapping. Further laboratory studies of a series of (poly)cyclic 10 carbon alkanes show that structural effects are largely explained through fragmentation reactions, and that more generally, carbon-carbon bond scission is a ubiquitous and important reaction channel for oxidized intermediates. Finally, direct measurement of oxidized intermediate compounds in field studies shows that these compounds are abundant and important in the ambient atmosphere, with concentrations and properties in between those of volatile and particulate organic compounds. Together with other co-located measurements and complementary techniques, this enables estimates of emission, oxidation, and deposition to be constructed. The results from this thesis can be used to inform more sophisticated models of atmospheric organic carbon cycling, and to improve prediction of organic particulate matter concentrations.
by James Freeman Hunter.
Ph. D. in Environmental Chemistry
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Schuerlein, Thomas John. "Chemisorption in organic semiconductor systems: Investigation of organic semiconductor-organic semiconductor and organic semiconductor-metal interfaces." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187068.

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The production of ordered thin films of organic monolayers is of general interest to the surface science community and of specific interest to our laboratory where the understanding of small molecule adsorption has been a long term goal. The production of ordered thin films may simplify the study of the interactions of adsorbate molecules on organic films. The production of ordered layers of aromatic hydrocarbons and dye molecules were performed under a variety of deposition conditions in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) environment. These films were studied with several UHV analytical techniques including low energy electron diffraction, photoelectron spectroscopies, thermal program desorption mass spectrometry and visible spectroscopy. The study of several aromatic hydrocarbons revealed that these molecules possess significant mobility on the Cu(100) surface, while adsorbing with their molecular plane parallel to the copper surface. A majority of phthalocyanine (Pc) molecules studied were observed to adsorb in a single packing structure at similar substrate temperatures for divalent metal centers and a slightly higher temperature for trivalent metal centers. Chloroaluminum phthalocyanine was determined to pack in a unique structure at 150°C and adopt the previously observed phthalocyanine structure at 175°C. It was determined that the perylene derivatives 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and N, N-dimethyl-3,4,9,10-perylene-bis(carboxylimide) (DMPI) dissociatively interact with a Cu(100) surface while forming an epitaxial overlayer. These two structurally similar molecules were determined to possess different growth modes at the initial stages of growth, which was attributed to their different bulk packing structures. The electronic properties of a Pc-PTCDA heterostructure were investigated via ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. The investigation correctly anticipated the diode behavior of this isotype heterostructure. This study also proved the validity of the electron affinity rule, developed for inorganic structures, for organic systems.
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Bisinoti, Marcia Cristina. "Biogeoquimica aquatica do mercurio organico na Bacia do Rio Negro, Amazonia." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249639.

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Orientador: Wilson de Figueiredo Jardim
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Doutorado
Quimica Analitica
Doutor em Ciências
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Rather, Elisabeth. "Supramolecular metal-organic and organic materials." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000267.

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Mannsfeld, Stefan. "Ordering in weakly bound molecular layers: organic-inorganic and organic-organic heteroepitaxy." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1098888571984-95956.

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It is an aim of this work to provide insight into the energetic influence on the ordering of molecular thin films on crystalline substrates. Here, the term substrate either refers to inorganic crystal surfaces or highly ordered layers of another organic molecular species. In order to calculate the total interface potential of extended molecular domains, a new calculation technique (GRID technique) is developed in the first part of this work. Compared to the standard approach, this method accelerates the potential calculation drastically (times 10000). The other parts of the thesis are dedicated to the comparison of experimental results (obtained by scanning tunneling microscopy and electron diffraction) to the optimal layer structure as predicted by optimization calculations. Potential calculations which are performed for the system perylenetetracarboxylicdianhydride (PTCDA) on graphite demonstrate that point-on-line coincident structures correspond to energetically favorable alignments of the molecular lattice with respect to the substrate lattice. The capability of the GRID technique to predict the optimal layer structure is demonstrated for the system peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) on graphite. The organic-organic heteroepitaxy system PTCDA on HBC on graphite is investigated in order to clarify to which extent the ordering mechanism there differs from that of the organic-inorganic heteroepitaxy system PTCDA on graphite. As a result of this investigation, a new type of epitaxy, i.e., substrate induced ordering is found. This new epitaxy type is governed by the inner structure of the substrate lattice unit cell. Here, the substrate surface is a layer of organic molecules itself, hence the substrate surface unit cell does indeed exhibit a complex inner structure. A generalized classification scheme for epitaxial growth incorporating this new type of epitaxy is proposed. In the last chapter, the structure of the first layers of titanylphthalocyanine (TiOPc) on Au(111) is investigated and compared to potential optimization calculations. The correspondence of experimental and theoretical results provides evidence that the GRID technique can, in principle, also be applied to molecular layers on metal surfaces
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, Einblicke in die energetischen Einflüsse, die zur Ausbildung der Schichtstruktur organischer Moleküle auf kristallinen Substraten führen, zu geben. Diese Substrate sind entweder Oberflächen anorganische Kristalle oder selbst hochgeordnete Molekülschichten. Um das totale Grenzflächenpotential ausgedehnter Moleküldomänen berechnen zu können, wird im ersten Teil der Arbeit eine neue Berechnungsmethode (GRID Technik) vorgestellt. Im Vergleich mit herkömmlichen Berechnungsmethoden auf der Basis molekülmechanischer Kraftfelder ist diese neue Methode daher um ein Vielfaches schneller (Faktor 100000). Die folgenden Teile der Arbeit sind dem Vergleich experimenteller Ergebnisse (Rastertunnelmikroskopie und Elektronenbeugung) mit, durch Potentialoptimierungsrechnungen als energetisch günstig vorhergesagten, Schichtstrukturen gewidmet. So kann für das System Perylentetracarbonsäuredianhydrid (PTCDA) auf Graphit mittels Potentialberechnungen nachgewiesen werden, daß die experimentell gefundenen ?Point-on-line koinzidenten? Strukturen energetisch günstige Anordnungen des Molekülgitters bezüglich des Substratgitters darstellen. Die Eignung der neuen Berechnungsmethode zur Vorhersage der günstigsten Adsorbatgitterstruktur für ein gegebenes System aus Molekül und Substrat, wird anhand des Systems peri-Hexabenzocoronen (HBC) auf Graphit demonstriert. Das organisch-organische Heteroepitaxiesystem PTCDA auf HBC auf Graphit wird untersucht, um zu klären, inwieweit sich die dafür gültigen Ordnungsmechanismen von denen unterscheiden, die für das Wachstum des organisch-anorganischen Heteroepitaxiesystems PTCDA auf Graphit verantwortlich sind. Dabei gelingt es, eine bisher nicht klassifizierte Art von Epitaxie, d.h. substratinduzierter Ordnung, nachzuweisen. Dieser neue Epitaxietyp ist bedingt durch die innere Struktur einer Substrateinheitszelle - das Substrat ist ja hier selbst eine Schicht geordneter Moleküle, die natürlich eine innere Struktur aufweisen. Im folgenden wird ein verallgemeinertes Klassifizierungssystem für Epitaxietypen abgeleitet, welches den neuen Epitaxietyp beinhaltet. Im letzten Kapitel wird die Struktur von der ersten Lagen von Titanylphthalocyanin (TiOPc) auf Au(111) experimentell untersucht und mit entsprechenden Potentialoptimierungsrechnungen verglichen. Die Übereinstimmung von experimentellen und theoretischen Ergebnissen zeigt, daß die GRID Technik, zumindest prinzipiell, auch für Molekülschichten auf Metallsubstraten anwendbar ist
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Blasucci, Vittoria Madonna. "Organic solvents for catalysis and organic reactions." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31723.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Chair: Charles Eckert; Committee Co-Chair: Charles Liotta; Committee Member: Amyn Teja; Committee Member: Christopher Jones; Committee Member: William Koros. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Oey, Ching-ching. "Organic-inorganic nanocomposites for organic optoelectronic devices." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35321222.

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Books on the topic "Organic"

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Svoboda, Jir i. Organicka chemie I. Praha: Vysoka s kola chemicko-technologicka, 2005.

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Du, Chunyan. New organic semiconductors for applications in organic electronics. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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Tedder, John M. Basic organic chemistry: A mechanistic approach. 2nd ed. Chichester: J. Wiley, 1987.

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Ryan, Moira. Organic. London: Bloomsbury Books, 1993.

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Grigson, Sophie. Organic. London: Headline, 2001.

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Page, Michael I. Organic and bio-organic mechanisms. Harlow: Longman, 1997.

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Morrison, Robert Thornton. Study guide to organic chemistry. 6th ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1992.

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Day, Peter, and Alan E. Underhill, eds. Metal-Organic and Organic Molecular Magnets. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847551399.

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Associated Chambers of Commerce & Industry of India. Organic Odisha: Inching towards organic farming. New Delhi: The Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India, 2012.

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Volke, J. Electrochemistry in organic synthesis. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Organic"

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Nishide, Hiroyuki, and Kenichi Oyaizu. "Organic Batteries organic batteries." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 7546–53. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_221.

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Heppner, John B., John B. Heppner, Minos E. Tzanakakis, Minos E. Tzanakakis, Minos E. Tzanakakis, Pauline O. Lawrence, John L. Capinera, et al. "Organic." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2686. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_1877.

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Lauesen, Linne Marie. "Organic." In Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, 1800–1805. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28036-8_401.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Organic." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 505. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_8237.

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Wijmans, J. G., R. W. Baker, and A. L. Athayde. "Pervaporation: Removal of Organics from Water and Organic/Organic Separations." In Membrane Processes in Separation and Purification, 283–316. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8340-4_14.

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Gear, A. "Organic and non-organic agriculture." In Food Industry and the Environment, 15–47. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2097-9_2.

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Stover, F. S. "Organic acids and organic ions." In Handbook of Capillary Electrophoresis Applications, 550–79. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1561-9_38.

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Galiano, Francesco, Francesco Falbo, and Alberto Figoli. "Polymeric Pervaporation Membranes: Organic-Organic Separation." In Nanostructured Polymer Membranes, 287–310. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118831823.ch7.

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Głowacki, Eric Daniel, Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci, and Ching W. Tang. "Organic Solar Cells organic solar cell." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 7553–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_466.

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Poelking, Carl R. "Charge Carriers at Organic–Organic Interfaces." In Springer Theses, 67–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69599-0_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Organic"

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Van Stryland, Eric, Arthur Dogariu, Jin Hong Lim, David J. Hagan, and Olga Przhonska. "Optical Limiting and the Potential Role of Organic Materials." In Organic Thin Films for Photonic Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.tha.1.

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We will present a brief review of past work on passive sensor protection devices including the materials studied (e.g. semiconductors, organics and ink) and some of the requirements of optical limiting devices. The nonlinear mechanisms potentially useful for optical limiting include nonlinear absorption, nonlinear refraction and nonlinear scattering. We present methods for characterizing nonlinear materials using Z-scan and related techniques and describe ways to differentiate the nonlinear mechanisms. We will specifically discuss two-photon absorption and excited-state absorption (referred to as reverse-saturable absorption), as well as bound electronic n2 and excited-state refraction. We also show how to examine organic thin films using a modified Z-scan with enhanced sensitivity called EZ-scan. The organic materials studied include phthalocyanine and polymethine dyes. The potential of organics for real optical systems remains to be seen. For example, the most promising organic limiting materials are effective over somewhat smaller spectral ranges than desired. Mixing of different materials in solution or solid matrices may extend the spectral range, and potentially extend the dynamic range as well.
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Sariciftci, Niyazi S. "From organic electronics towards bio-organic systems." In Organic and Hybrid Sensors and Bioelectronics XIII, edited by Ruth Shinar, Ioannis Kymissis, and Emil J. List-Kratochvil. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2572180.

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Shinar, Joseph, Haiying Tang, and F. Li. "Electrode/organic layer interfaces in organic LEDs." In Optical Science, Engineering and Instrumentation '97, edited by Zakya H. Kafafi. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.295546.

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Salnikov, A. V., and A. N. Ignatov. "Crystalline covalent organic frameworks for organic electronics." In Modern Problems of Telecommunications - 2024. Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Systems, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55648/spt-2024-1-73.

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This presentation is a mini-review of covalent organic frameworks (COF) as active materials for organic electronics. This field of research is in its initial stage, and for further development, it is necessary to solve certain problems. It has been shown that the choice of the optimal synthesis method and the selection of modifying additives can lead to the production of an effective electroactive COF. The use of some COFs demonstrates the promise of these materials in organic electronics. It can be assumed that, in the near future, electroactive COFs may become the basis for the next generation of electronic materials.
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Dalton, Larry R. "Organic Optical Materials: An Overview of Scientific Issues and Applications." In Solid State Lasers: Materials and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/sslma.1997.tha1.

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Although historically, organic materials have not been thought of as optical materials, organics are experiencing increased use as both passive and active optical components. Applications range from passive elements such as gratings, fibers, interconnects, lens, and prisms to active components such as light emitting diodes, electro-optic modulators, solid-state lasers, frequency doublers, optical memories, and sensor protection elements. The utilization of organic materials has typically involved competition with established technology based on inorganic materials. For example, polymeric optical fibers must compete with established silica fiber technology, polymeric electro-optic modulators must compete with established lithium niobate technology, organic light emitting diodes with a host of inorganic light emitting materials, etc. Unless organics offer special advantages, they have little chance of market penetration. A frequently quoted putative general advantage of organics, and particularly polymeric materials, is their processibility and low cost. In areas such as discrete passive components, this advantage clearly comes into play and has resulted with wide commercial use. Indeed, inorganic materials such as sol-gel glasses have major difficulty in competing with polymeric materials in the manufacture of passive discrete optical components. For applications, such as electro-optic modulators and light emitting diodes, the success of organics depends on a number of properties other than materials cost or processibility although even here processibility can be an important consideration for issues such as integration with semiconductor VLSI electronics.
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Thompson, Nathanael, Petros Zerfos, Robert Sombrutzki, Jens-Peter Redlich, and Haiyun Luo. "100% organic." In the 9th workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1411759.1411768.

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Wallace, Gordon G., Simon E. Moulton, and Caiyun Wang. "Organic bionics." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Yoseph Bar-Cohen. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.865989.

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Kan, Viirj, Emma Vargo, Noa Machover, Hiroshi Ishii, Serena Pan, Weixuan Chen, and Yasuaki Kakehi. "Organic Primitives." In CHI '17: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025952.

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Jiangeng Xue. "Organic photovoltaics." In 2007 Asia Optical Fiber Communication and Optoelectronics Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aoe.2007.4410887.

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Kippelen, Bernard. "Organic Photovoltaics." In CLEO 2007. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleo.2007.4453168.

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Reports on the topic "Organic"

1

Delate, Kathleen, Andres P. Glasener, and Myron C. Rees. Evaluation of Organic Soybean Varieties and Organic Fertilizer for Organic Popcorn. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-227.

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Rittman, Bruce. Biotic Transformations of Organic Contaminants. The Groundwater Project, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/ousn4116.

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Biodegradation—the breakdown of organic matter by microorganisms—is an important groundwater process that occurs naturally and is especially important for the in situ cleanup of contaminated groundwater. Pollutant biodegradation follows well-established principles that are summarized in this book. The first principle is that the microorganisms must grow and sustain themselves by oxidizing an electron-donor substrate (food) and transferring the electrons to an electron-acceptor substrate (respiration). This electron flow generates energy that the microorganisms use to fuel biomass synthesis. Most pollutants are either an electron acceptor or an electron donor, which means that their biotransformation can grow and sustain the microorganisms. Accordingly, it is critical to understand whether a pollutant is an electron donor or electron acceptor. This book systematically describes the biodegradation mechanisms for common organic pollutants in groundwater: The author identifies if the pollutant behaves as an electron donor or acceptor, and points out when special activation reactions are necessary to initiate biodegradation and put the pollutant into a chemical form that allows it to be an energy-yielding electron donor or acceptor. Special attention is given to organics derived from petroleum and those that have chlorine, fluorine, and nitro substituents.
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Monteiro, Jos� Alberto. Organic Farming. Basel, Switzerland: Librello, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12924/librello.of.

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Goodarzi, F. Organic maturity. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/207701.

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Ren, Shenqiang. Organic Multiferroics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1418664.

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Delate, Kathleen, Andrea McKern, and Robert Burcham. Evaluation of Organic Soybean Rust Treatmentsfor Organic Production. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2344.

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Delate, Kathleen, Andrea McKern, and Robert Burcham. Evaluation of Organic Soybean Rust Treatments for Organic Production. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-771.

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Spence, John C., and Jinsong Wu. Functional Organic Monolayers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada440205.

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Lahti, Paul M., Andrew Ichimura, Mark Kearley, and David Modarelli. Organic Magnetic Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada199207.

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Dorsinville, Roger. Organic Ultrafast Nonlinear Optical Devices Characterization of Organic Photonic Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada361347.

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