Academic literature on the topic 'Ordre public du sport'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ordre public du sport"
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Đurđević, Nenad. "Autonomy in sport - compulsoriness of international sport committees sport rules at a national level." Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu 55, no. 2 (April 19, 2018): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.31141/zrpfs.2018.55.128.289.
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Establishing rules lies at the heart of sport. Furthermore, it can be said that legal order allows only such sporting activity that is carried out according to defined rules. This is mostly followed by foundation of associations and organisations dedicated to particular sport. Acknowledging sport by the public authorities as a space suitable for autonomous arrangement of sports organisations gives special importance to sports rules. However, in order to have autonomy of sports organisations complementary to the role of public authority in the area of sport, it must be grounded in the principles of democracy, solidarity and good management in sport keeping sport independent of any political or economic manipulation including excessive commercialisation. Since contemporary sport is dominantly based on pyramidal structure or federal system based upon recognised sports associations (federations) organised at national and international level by the principle „one sport – one association“, it is quite understandable that sports rules adopted by sports association ranked at international level on the top of the pyramid have monopolistic position as a support for autonomous functioning of whole system of particular sport, as well as considerable limiting factor in making autonomous decisions at lower levels of sports organising. Sports associations use sports rules often followed by serious sanctions to preserve their dominant status. In his paper, the author considers legal nature and legal enforceability of international sports rules at national level for sports organisations, public authorities, as well as judiciary. The author particularly points out to the problem of so-called dynamic addressing to sports rules of international sports associations through statutory provisions of national and lower sports associations and the position of German case-law on impossibility of such way to provide legal obligatoriness of international sports rules at the national level.
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Ratten, Vanessa. "Sport entrepreneurship and public policy: future trends and research developments." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 8, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-d-18-00099.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to overcome the traditional general approach to sport policy by taking an entrepreneurial perspective. This helps link the fragmented literatures of entrepreneurship, public policy and sport entrepreneurship in order to develop a new perspective of sport entrepreneurship and public policy. Design/methodology/approach A literature review is conducted that highlights the need for public policy to focus on entrepreneurship in sports contexts. Findings In the past, sport policy focused more on governance and political elements but these can be embedded into a policy entrepreneurship perspective regarding sport. This helps to redefine and bridge the literature on sport entrepreneurship and public policy. Originality/value Most sport policy research has tended to take a more organizational behavior or political science approach. Thus, this paper takes a new perspective by incorporating the nascent sport entrepreneurship literature into public policy debates. This is helpful to public policy planners but also sports managers who need to work together to build better policy initiatives.
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Orth, Mark-E. "Verstoßen exklusive Sportschiedsklauseln mit Schiedsort Schweiz gegen europäisches Kartellrecht?" Zeitschrift für Wettbewerbsrecht 16, no. 4 (December 4, 2018): 382–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15375/zwer-2018-0406.
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ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag untersucht, ob exklusive Schiedsklauseln mit Schiedsort in der Schweiz – wie sie im Sport üblich sind – gegen europäisches Kartellrecht verstoßen. Der Rechtsprechung des Schweizer Bundesgerichts, wonach Kartellrechtsverstöße keinen ordre public-Verstoß darstellen, kommt dabei besondere Bedeutung zu. Die Praxis der europäischen Kommission wie auch die Rechtsprechung von EuGH und BGH werden berücksichtigt.
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BUHAŞ, SORIN, RALUCA BUHAŞ, VASILE GRAMA, GRIGORE VASILE HERMAN, and PAUL DRAGOȘ. "The impact of local public policies on sports performance. Oradea – An example of success." Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity 13, Special Issue 1 (November 30, 2021): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.02.
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European, national and local public policies have a crucial role when it comes to social and economic development. Based on European and national frameworks, local public administration develops and implements local public policies based on the community needs in order to reach a high level of local development. Among other sectors, sport plays a major role in the local development. Our paper aims to outline the role of local public authorities from Oradea, Romania, in supporting high-performance sport at a local level through local public policies. In Oradea a high-performance sport is represented by the Municipal Sports Club; therefore, our analysis focuses on the impact of local public policies on the sports activity of the club. The study methodology is mixed, based on document analysis and individual interviews. Research results show a clear link between the decision of local public authorities to get involved in local sports activity and the achievement of outstanding results by local sports teams. Consistent financial support, high quality sports infrastructure, transparent public-private partnerships, as well as strong partnerships between various local public authorities are the keys to developing performance sport.
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Feral, Marc. "Sport et ordre public : la prévention et la lutte contre la violence dans les manifestations sportives." Revue française d'administration publique 97, no. 1 (2001): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.2001.3457.
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Sport and Public Policy : the Prevention of, and Fight Against, Violence at Sporting Events. While the violence of football supporters — known as hooliganism — is its most widespread form, spectator violence also occurs at other kinds of sporting events. In particular, the development of other forms of violence during matches taking place in certain sensitive urban areas deserves to be highlighted. This kind of threat to public order and the security of people and property has led to reactions on the part of public authorities, as much at the national as the European level (Council of Europe and the European Union).
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Borbély, Tamás. "Sports financing in Croatia." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 9, no. 1-2 (September 1, 2015): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2015/1-2/6.
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Sport is a complex social activity that encompasses various areas. Some of these activities come within the category of public needs, which implies that sport is an activity of wider social interest and requires public intervention in its financing. These needs are determined by law and are an integral part of state and local budgets. It is also indisputable that the sport is an activity of exceptional significance for the society and it is equally clear that the investment into sport in Croatia is not proportional to that significance and top scores, which are achieved by the Croatian athletes. Sport can be in a partner relationship with the economy and the promoter of social changes and habits, but in order to become and remain that, general public has to be truthfully interested into sports.
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Di Marco, Antonio. "Sports Economy and Fight against Corruption: Which Limits to the Sporting Organisations Autonomy?" European Business Law Review 32, Issue 5 (October 1, 2021): 877–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2021031.
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This research studies the impact of the growth of the sports economy on the limitation of the autonomy of sports organisations, taking into account the driving role of the sovereign power of public orders to fight against corruption. It illustrates the idea according to which the economic governance of sport is based on the specific governance of the International Sports Movement and it verifies how and to what extent the public orders are affecting the regulatory autonomy of sport’s transnational legal orders. The study analyses, firstly, the legal status of the sporting organisations, arguing that the fundamental operational and organisational requirements of sporting organisations have international sources and transnational effects. Secondly, it considers the economic competences of sporting organisations, detecting the limits of sport autonomy due to the exercise of economic activities. Thirdly, it points up the international convergences on managerial transparency and some examples of national and international monitoring of economic activities in sporting organisations, delineating the emergence of a specific international legal framework for economic sports governance. The analysis, finally, identifies the limits of the recent developments at international level, exposing the potential role of the European authorities and the legitimate ways to justify the international limitation of the autonomy of sport. Autonomy of sport, Private International Law, Public-private Governance, Corruption, Transnational Legal Order, Sports Economy, Legal Status of Sporting Organisations, Audit, Managerial Transparency, Economic Monitoring, International Sporting Convention
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Farouk, Ahmed. "AREAS OF INVESTMENT IN OMANI SPORT." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.3/art.508.
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Omani sport is still searching for new methods to identify its problems and achieve a vision regarding the economic problems in sport, the short-term solutions to revitalize it, and long-term solutions to maintain its stability. It hopes to rise and find an end to its funding problems in order to take off toward international winners’ podiums, especially after the good results achieved lately in several sports. Therefore, the researcher deems it necessary to identify the areas of investment in Omani sport, as potential for investment in the presence of self-finance that covers its financial needs. The researcher used the descriptive method as it is suitable to the nature of the study, and a sample of 273 subjects representing the research population. He used a questionnaire as a data collection instrument, and rank, frequency, percentage in statistical treatment. The main finding of the research was a list of the areas of investment in Omani sport in the following order: launching sports channels, TV streaming, sports professionalism, establishing sporting camps centers, academies of different games, and investment in sporting facilities. The main recommendations were to authorize Omani sporting authorities to launch TV channels to stream their matches, be based on competition with each other, and according to the rules stipulated by the Ministry of Sports Affairs and the Public Authority for Radio and Television
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Farouk, Ahmed. "AREAS OF INVESTMENT IN OMANI SPORT." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.3/art.508.
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Omani sport is still searching for new methods to identify its problems and achieve a vision regarding the economic problems in sport, the short-term solutions to revitalize it, and long-term solutions to maintain its stability. It hopes to rise and find an end to its funding problems in order to take off toward international winners’ podiums, especially after the good results achieved lately in several sports. Therefore, the researcher deems it necessary to identify the areas of investment in Omani sport, as potential for investment in the presence of self-finance that covers its financial needs. The researcher used the descriptive method as it is suitable to the nature of the study, and a sample of 273 subjects representing the research population. He used a questionnaire as a data collection instrument, and rank, frequency, percentage in statistical treatment. The main finding of the research was a list of the areas of investment in Omani sport in the following order: launching sports channels, TV streaming, sports professionalism, establishing sporting camps centers, academies of different games, and investment in sporting facilities. The main recommendations were to authorize Omani sporting authorities to launch TV channels to stream their matches, be based on competition with each other, and according to the rules stipulated by the Ministry of Sports Affairs and the Public Authority for Radio and Television
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Putera, Aldrin Muhammad, Hasan Basri, and Dindin Abidin. "SOSIALISASI OLAHRAGA CRICKET KEPADA GURU OLAHRAGA SE-KABUPATEN BOGOR." An-Nizam 1, no. 2 (August 23, 2022): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.33558/an-nizam.v1i2.4401.
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This paper describes the results of the Community Service Program on the socialization of cricket to sports teachers. The underlying problem is that there are still many sports teachers who do not know about cricket. One area that lacks knowledge about cricket is Bogor Regency. While this cricket sport has a very large opportunity to support one's achievements. Cricket is a team sport that can be played by all ages, both children, teenagers and the general public. This cricket sport is usually competed in regional and national sports events. Currently, the sport of cricket in Indonesia is in the socialization stage so that the development of cricket is important to be promoted and introduced to all circles, especially to sports teachers. Introduction to sports teachers is very important because cricket needs to be instilled in children from an early age. The purpose of this activity is to provide an overview and rules of the game of cricket to sports teachers in order to get an understanding and practice well according to the theory and rules of the game in the game of cricket.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ordre public du sport"
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Richard, Jean-Luc. "Ordre public et sport." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0028.
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Les activités du sport peuvent devenir un motif de troubles (violence, corruption, financements occultes, illégalités diverses. . . ) alors il est nécessaire d'y rétablir ou d'y maintenir l'ordre. La question que l'on pourrait se poser serait de savoir s'il y a de l'ordre dans le sport, s'agit-il d'un ordre public spécial (ordre public du sport) ou de l'ordre public ( ordre public général)? la plupart des activités sportives aujourd'hui sont organisées par des communautés structurées qui possèdent une relative indépendance (fédérations nationales et internationales). Il semblerait que la notion d'Ordre public n'intéresse que de facon épisodique les activités sportives (violence autour des stades de football, règlementation de police administrative) puisque l'ordre juridique sportif semble capable de contenir les dérèglements au sein de ses communautés. Pourtant celles qui voudraient intégrer efficacement l'ordonnancement juridique francais, doivent se soumettre non seulement à des règles impératives d'organisation issues des communautés du sport mais aussi à des règles d'organisation publique. C'est-a-dire que tout en gardant leur identité communautaire, elles doivent se soumettre à l'ordre public. Les communautés sportives, en intégrant les structures du service public se voient reconnaître une véritable légitimité et une liberté adaptée, renforcée par la mission d'intérêt général qui leur est confiée. Il s'agit finalement de démontrer qu'au travers la règlementation d'activités complexes telles que l'organisation et la pratique du sport on évoque un seul et même concept organisateur et régulateur: l'Ordre public.
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Dechaud, Julien. "La lutte contre le dopage et les droits fondamentaux des athlètes : contribution à l'étude de l’ordre public sportif." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCF001.
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Le dopage est indissociable de la logique de compétition : le monde du sport est dans une logique de record. Classiquement, le dopage consiste, pour les sportifs, à améliorer artificiellement leurs performances par l'usage de substances ou méthodes interdites. Cette pratique constitue une forme de tricherie contraire aux valeurs et principes fondateurs du sport de compétition mais est également susceptible de mettre en danger la santé des sportifs. La lutte antidopage trouve son fondement dans l’ordre public sportif et plus précisément dans deux composantes : l’intégrité de la compétition et la protection de la santé des athlètes. En outre, la réglementation antidopage incarne une partie de ce même ordre public sportif de par son caractère impératif dont le non-respect est sanctionné. À cet effet, les organisations antidopage constituent de véritables autorités de police sportives dont l’objet est d’assurer la préservation de l’ordre public sportif. Afin de mener à bien leur mission, les autorités de police antidopage agissent unilatéralement et exercent une contrainte auprès des athlètes au moyen de divers procédés (normatifs, matériels, disciplinaires). Dès lors, au motif de préserver l’ordre public sportif, les organisations antidopage restreignent l’exercice des droits et libertés fondamentaux des compétiteurs que sont notamment le droit à l’intégrité morale et physique, le droit au respect de la vie privée, la liberté d’aller et de venir ou le droit à une procédure équitable. Le dispositif juridique de la lutte antidopage est donc source d’aménagement des droits et libertés fondamentaux. Aussi, au moyen d’une analyse pragmatique, il en ressort que la légitimité et la proportionnalité de ces restrictions interrogentFundamental rights and freedoms are often exploited, either to denounce the threats weighing on them, or to affirm their existence in a more or less solemn manner. They are at the heart of an ideological discourse which aims to ensure their promotion, but which at the same time reveals the fragility of the very notion of “fundamental rights and freedoms”. Doping is inseparable from the logic of competition; the world of sport is in a logic of records. Doping consists, for athletes, of artificially improving their performance through the use of prohibited substances or methods; it is a practice which is not only likely to endanger the health of athletes, but which also constitutes a form of cheating contrary to the founding values and principles of competitive sport: fair competition and equality of competitors. If doping has no legal reality and is only sanctioned in sport, doping is present in all spheres of society. How many students, police officers and lawyers take drugs in order to improve their performance or keep up with the required work pace? In sport, the act of doping is initially defined based on a material criterion: the establishment by the results of the analysis of samples taken of the presence of prohibited substances or the use of a prohibited method. However, other behaviors are prohibited in terms of doping even though they do not consist of the ingestion of prohibited substances (failure to comply with localization obligations which weigh on certain athletes, the association, in a professional or sporting capacity, to a person who has been suspended or convicted for committing an anti-doping rule violation, etc.). Sport is therefore subject to a number of more or less restrictive obligations in order to make anti-doping effective. However, certain measures are also protective, as evidenced by the regime of authorization of use for therapeutic purposes in order to preserve the health of the athlete. It seems possible to draw a parallel between the fight against doping and the preservation of public order. Should we agree to cut back on this or that right in order to preserve or achieve this or that higher objective, however laudable it may be? Are restrictions on rights and freedoms within the sports movement as part of the fight against doping necessary and essential? Or, on the contrary, are these restrictions disproportionate, unjustified and therefore liberticidal? Likewise, are the protective measures sufficient and appropriate? For Machiavelli, the goal of politics is not morality but success: “the end justifies the means, when the end is good” (The Prince)
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Ben, Abdallah-Mahouachi Hanène. "L'apport de la jurisprudence du Tribunal arbitral du sport à l'ordre juridique sportif." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1087.
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Le Tribunal arbitral du sport (TAS), organe de résolution des litiges sportifs par la voie de l’arbitrage, rend des sentences qui, grâce à la pratique du précédent, acquièrent la cohérence nécessaire à la formation d’une jurisprudence. À travers cette jurisprudence, le TAS contribue à l’édification d’un ordre juridique sportif global et autonome. Cette contribution est le résultat d’un double apport, normatif et structurant. D’abord, les règles prétoriennes produites par le TAS et formées essentiellement des principes généraux constamment appliqués par les arbitres, constituent une source de droit à l’intérieur de l’ordre juridique sportif. Certains de ces principes, principalement ceux permettant de protéger la sincérité des compétitions et les droits fondamentaux des athlètes, se démarquent par leur caractère intangible pour former l’ordre public sportif. La mise à l’écart du droit étatique au profit de l’application de ces principes, mais aussi des règlements sportifs, permet d’assurer l’autonomie de l’ordre juridique sportif. Ensuite, ces principes sont un facteur de structuration de l’ordre juridique sportif, dans la mesure où leur intervention favorise la cohérence du système. Cette structuration est le résultat de l’application de ces principes pour contrôler l’exercice par les organisations sportives de leurs compétences réglementaires et disciplinaires et pour délimiter les pouvoirs de chacune des composantes du mouvement sportif. Dans les deux cas, ces principes deviennent des standards communs qui s’imposent à l’ensemble de la communauté sportiveThe Court of arbitration for sport (CAS), an arbitration body in sport disputes, passes sentences which, thanks to the practice of the precedent, get enough coherence to constitute a jurisprudence. Through this jurisprudence, CAS contributes in the erection of a global and autonomous sports legal order. This support is the result of a double contribution, normative as well as structuring. First, the pretorian rules generated by CAS and formed mainly by the general principles commonly applied by the judges, constitute a source of law within the sports legal order. Some of these principles, namely those aimed at protecting the fairness of the competitions and the fundamental rights of athletes, stand out with regards to their intangibility to form the sport public order. Discarding state law in favor of the application of these principles as well as of sport regulations, guarantees the autonomy of the sports legal order. Thereafter, these principles are considered as a structuring factor of the sports legal order, in that their intervention favors the coherence of the system. This structuring results from the application of these principles in order to monitor the practices by the sport organizations of their regulatory and disciplinary competences and also to confine the power of each of the components of the sport movement. In both cases, these principles become common standards for the whole sport community to abide by
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Ayachi, Slim. "Etude des insuffisances et des lacunes du code tunisien de l'arbitrage dans une perspective d'application jurisprudentielle et de droit comparé." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0056.
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La Tunisie est dotée aujourd’hui d’un code dit libéral et moderne - du moins a priori - relatif à l’arbitrage interne et international. Néanmoins, la pratique révèle que cette œuvre législative demeure un acquis fragile et inachevé, du fait de l’approche particulièrement originale voire même singulière du législateur tunisien, qui, en introduisant une grande dose de raffinement et de complexité aux dispositions de la loi type, source d’inspiration du troisième chapitre relatif à l’arbitrage international, a contribué à une application souvent erronée par les tribunaux tunisiens et à l’instabilité de la jurisprudence tunisienne. L’objectif essentiel de cette thèse réside dans la mise en exergue des insuffisances et lacunes du code tunisien de l’arbitrage et des difficultés de sa mise en œuvre à la lumière d’une analyse approfondie de la jurisprudence qui s’est développée sous son empire et dans une perspective de la jurisprudence arbitrale comparéeThe Tunisian code relative to internal and international arbitration could beyond doubt be described as liberal and modern - at least at first glance - but the essential lies not only on the adoption of a modern legislation, but also on an effective and good enforcement of the law, which must be moreover interpreted by the Tunisian Courts. The practice reveals indeed the fragility of the code, which remains an unfinished act. The remarkable characteristics of Tunisian case law (jurisprudence) are originality and instability, especially the decisions rendered by the Court of Tunis and the Supreme Court (Cour de Cassation). The principal cause is tied up the original and complicated approach of the Tunisian legislator, who has modified Uncitral model law. This attitude causes many problems in the interpretation and application of the Tunisian law of arbitration by Tunisian case law
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Lucard, Stéphane. "Ordre public et Internet." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100177.
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Deux lois de 1789 et 1790 ont instauré la commune en conférant au maire une mission de "bonne police" dans les lieux publics. Une loi de 1884 participera de la systématisation de la notion plus vaste sous-tendant l'action de la puissance publique sur ce plan : celle d'ordre public. La notion d'ordre public correspondra donc à l'intervention d'un droit objectif et autoritaire visant à prévenir ses éventuels troubles ou atteintes, ceci par une action coercitive de la puissance publique ou par une action de production normative. La notion d'ordre public a elle-même évolué et s'est ouverte à des composantes dématérialisées, permettant de s'interroger sur son lien avec un média de communications électroniques dématérialisées dans une dimension mondiale. L'Internet posera donc la question des nouveaux modes d'intervention de la puissance publique sur ce média ainsi que leurs limites face à la sphère privée de l'Internaute. Le caractère global de l'Internet confrontera aussi cette notion française d'ordre public à un cadre supranational ainsi que ses modes et fondements d'intervention de la puissance publique à d'autres systèmes ou cultures juridiquesA couple of laws dated from 1789 and 1790 have established the local council conferring the mayor a duty of “good police” in public areas. A law dated from 1884 will be part of systematization of a large notion underlying the action of public power: public order. The notion of public order will correspond to the intervention of an objective and authoritarian in order to prevent any unrest or infringement by a coercive action or a normative action. The notion of public order has itself evolved and opened to unmaterial components, allowing to question on its link with a global electronic media. The Internet will then ask about the new ways of public intervention on such a media and their limits in view of the Internet's user privacy. The aspect of globalization of the Internet will also confront that French notion of public order to a supranational framework as well as the ways and foundations of public power intervention to others law systems or cultures
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Laurent, Catherine. "Bioéthique et ordre public." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON10006.
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Dans les années 1980, la bioéthique est apparue en France. Les avancées scientifiques bouleversent la société. Les pouvoirs publics élaborent un ensemble de normes qui va aboutir à la construction d'un véritable ordre public en matière de bioéthique. La consécration s'est faite avec les lois de bioéthique de juillet 1994 adoptées pour encadrer les pratiques et recherches biomédicales. Un processus de construction de la norme long et complexe a accompagné cette démarche, dans lequel le passage de l'éthique au droit ne pas faire oublier que l'éthique conserve toute sa force au coeur du droit positif, notamment au travers des régulations professionnelles et d'une instance inédite, le Comité National d'Ethique. Cette longue évolution semble nécessaire pour aboutir au consensus et permettre ainsi de transformer les normes en règles impératives. Dans ce processus, l'infra droit a pris une dimension extraordinaire et a ouvert le chemin de la loi. Pourtant, les progrès scientifiques sont difficiles à prévoir, la consolidation par le droit ne met pas fin au questionnement éthique, il est nécessaire d'adapter le droit et un réexamen des lois de bioéthique est prévu par le législateur. De plus, cette démarche dépasse l'hexagone, le besoin de normes unificatrices internatioanles dans le domaine de la bioéthique s'est fait sentir. Des instances productrices de normes éthiques ont été créées et des textes qui laissent une grande place à la soft law ont vu le jour.
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Jacquinot, Nathalie. "Ordre public et constitution." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX32056.
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L'ordre public est une notion fondamentale de notre systeme juridique, qui transcende les differentes branches du droit, mais elle en est aussi l'une des plus obscures. Cette recherche interdisciplinaire a pour objet de permettre de lui apporter un nouvel eclairage a partir de l'analyse des rapports qu'il entretient avec les normes constitutionnelles. Elle se divise en deux parties successivementconsacrees a la dimension constitutionnelle de l'ordre public et aux incidences des normes constitutionnelles sur l'ordre public. La premiere demontre, a partir des nombreuses correlations existant entre ordre public et constitution et de la mise en exergue d'un ordre public constitutionnel, l'existence de cette nouvelle dimension acquise par l'ordre public et etudie l'accueil et la place qui luisont reserves dans les jurisprudences administrative et judiciaire. La seconde s'attache a examiner le renforcement de l'ordre public induit par les normes constitutionnelles, qui se traduit par une consolidation de sa dualite fonctionnelle ; elle s'efforce egalement de dresser un tableau des transformations presentes ou futures de l'ordre public que peuvent ou que pourraient produire les normes constitutionnelles. De cette confrontation aux normes constitutionnelles l'ordre public en ressort alors comme en quelque sorte enrichi : il y gagne tout a la fois en clarte, en unite et en force.
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Redmann, Christoph. "Ordre-public-Kontrolle von Gerichtsstandsvereinbarungen /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2005. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/3-8300-2069-4.htm.
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Ayissi, Manga Eugène Bertrand. "L'ordre public en droit judiciaire prive." Rennes 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN11021.
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L'absence de substance propre de l'ordre public amene a concevoir celui-ci comme une notion fonctionnelle, dont les effets importent plus que la nature juridique. L'etude propose ainsi une theorie generale de l'ordre public en droit judiciaire prive, fondee le role de l'ordre public dans le proces. Partant, les destinataires de l'ordre public, autrement dit les acteurs de la procedure pourraient constituer le domaine subjectif et stable de l'ordre public. C'est au travers de l'activite processuelle de ses agents d'execution que s'affirme et rayonne l'ordre public, notamment par sa capacite a moduler ou a commander le comportement de ceuxci. L'ordre public renforce les fondements memes de l'institution processuelle. Ainsi, il determine invariablement le champ de l'investiture des parties et du juge par la denegation du pouvoir d'initiative a ces derniers et les obligations relatives a leur activite procedurale. Au contraire, prenant en compte la puissance de l'ordre public par elle-meme, l'efficacite de l'ordre public se revele riche et variable, eu egard a la diversite des mani♭ festations de celui-ci. L'energie de l'ordre public ne se deploie pas partout, au sein du proces, avec la meme intensite. Tout est graduation car l'acuite de l'ordre public depend de la situation en cause ou de l'objectif recherche. De la sorte, si la severite de ses sanc♭ tions temoigne d'une rigueur apparente de l'ordre public processuel, la realite parait plus subtile, compte tenu des amenagements dont l'ordre public est susceptible tout au long du proces.
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Bugnon, Caroline. "La construction d'un ordre public sexuel." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOD004.
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Est-il possible d’imaginer un couple plus tumultueux que celui que forment la sexualité et le droit ? Activité humaine reflétant ce que l’individu a de plus intime, la sexualité ne devrait pas appeler l’intervention du droit, a fortiori depuis que ce dernier prône le principe de la neutralité éthique en la matière. Pourtant, malgré la consécration d’une liberté sexuelle au profit des individus en tant que composante du droit au respect de la vie privée, les autorités étatiques ne parviennent pas à détourner leur regard de la chambre à coucher des administrés. Elles légitiment leur intervention au nom de valeurs communes qu’elles entendent imposer aux citoyens et qui composent finalement ce que l’on a choisi d’appeler un ordre public sexuel. Ces valeurs communes, reflets de la fonction symbolique du droit, sont le respect du principe du consentement à l’acte sexuel et le respect du principe de la différence juridique des sexes. Si le premier signifie que le droit pénal est appelé à intervenir sous réserve d’une atteinte portée à la liberté sexuelle d’un individu par le biais de la violation de son consentement, le second principe s’avère être davantage un principe justificatif du privilège accordé au couple hétérosexuel qui, parce qu’il reflète les lois de la nature et peut mettre sa sexualité au service de la perpétuation de l’espèce humaine, se voit accorder le privilège exclusif du mariage et de la filiation. Les individus homosexuels se trouvent nécessairement en marge du droit. Tel est l’agencement des deux principes du consentement à l’acte sexuel et de l’altérité sexuelle que défend le législateur. L’ordre public tel qu’il a été façonné n’est pourtant pas figé ; il représente un ordre public davantage culturel que naturel et ses frontières fluctuent au gré de l’évolution des mentalitésThe couple of sexuality and law is tumultuous: sexuality belongs to the right of privacy and the State shouldn’t intervene. Nevertheless, the government doesn’t manage to respect this intimate part of privacy and legitimates his intervention to protect signifiant values from the threat of sexuality. These fondamental values are the principle of the consent of the sex act and the principle of the difference beetween male and female sex. These principles are the components of a sexual public order. The principle of the consent of the sex act means that the criminal law must protect rape victims and must condamn rapists. The victime can be a woman or a child. If children must be protected against child pornography and people who take advantage of minors, prostitutes must be protected too. Actually, when they sell their body, they can’t be in agreement because of the numerous economic and social constraints which hang over them. The principle of the difference beetween male and female sex means that the heterosexual couples must be favoured by law because they respect the natural law and can secure the survival of human race. Homosexual people don’t respect the natural law because they can’t guarantee the survival of human race, therefore the government refuses as well to establish homosexual marriage as homosexual filiation. Nonetheless, it is a moving sexual public order and its frontiers depend on the evolution of mentalities
Books on the topic "Ordre public du sport"
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Raymond, Polin, and Allais Maurice, eds. L' ordre public. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1996.
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Cudennec, Annie. Ordre public et mer. Paris: Éditions A. Pedone, 2012.
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Bisaga, Antoine. L' ordre public en droit public camerounais. Yaoundé: République du Cameroun, Centre national d'administration et de magistrature, Ecole nationale d'administration et de magistrature, 1992.
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Rajsfus, Maurice. Bavures: Ordre public, désordre privé. Paris: L'Esprit frappeur, 2002.
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Chedly, Lotfi. Arbitrage commercial international & ordre public transnational. Tunis: Centre de publication universitaire, 2002.
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Brüning, Sybille. Die Beachtlichkeit des fremden ordre public. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1997.
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Hautbois, Christopher. Sport et marketing public. Paris: Economica, 2008.
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Canut, Florence. L' ordre public en droit du travail. Paris: LGDJ, 2007.
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Ratten, Vanessa, ed. Sport Entrepreneurship and Public Policy. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29458-8.
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Jüngst, Julia Felicitas. Der europäische verfahrensrechtliche ordre public - Inhalt und Begrenzung. Frankfurt am Main: PL Academic Research, 2013.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Ordre public du sport"
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Steinert, Maia. "Der ordre public." In Das Recht im internationalen Wirtschaftsverkehr, 111–13. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-02136-0_4.
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Komuczky, Michael. "DIE SCHIEDSFÄHIGKEIT ORDRE PUBLIC-RELEVANTER FRAGESTELLUNGENDIE SCHIEDSFÄHIGKEIT ORDRE PUBLIC-RELEVANTER FRAGESTELLUNGEN." In Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit und Strafrecht, 7–34. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33326-3_2.
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Kautz, Fabian. "Public Relations." In Sport-PR 2.0, 111–39. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-22249-9_5.
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Kautz, Fabian. "Sport Public Relations." In Sport-PR 2.0, 141–58. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-22249-9_6.
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Brown, Matthew T. "Public Sector Sport." In Financial Management in the Sport Industry, 437–64. 3rd ed. Third edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429316746-17.
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Giulianotti, Richard, and Peter J. Sloane. "Sport." In Handbook of Public Policy in Europe, 373–81. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230522756_34.
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Wernick, Alina. "Ordre Public Exceptions for Algorithmic Surveillance Patents." In Kreation Innovation Märkte - Creation Innovation Markets, 469–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-68599-0_33.
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Grix, Jonathan. "Public Diplomacy, Soft Power and Sport." In Sport Politics, 154–74. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56283-8_10.
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Evans, Linda, Hamish Reid, Justin Varney, Andy Pringle, David Eastwood, and Dane Vishnubala. "Population and Public Health." In Sport and Exercise Medicine, 252–62. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003179979-20.
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Snyders, Hendrik. "Rugby, reconciliation, and post-apartheid public memory." In Sport in Museums, 80–91. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351117944-6.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Ordre public du sport"
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Semkina, Valeriya, and Galina Semenova. "Problems and Prospects for the Development of the Ethno-Sports Movement in the Sverdlovsk Region." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-79.
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In order to identify existing problems and prospects for the development of the ethno-sports movement in order to further expand the sphere of physical culture and sports in the region, the article analyses the formation and development of ethnic sports in the Sverdlovsk region. The study has been conducted for several years with the employement of such methods as questionnaires and social surveys, the analysis of literature and official documents, the projection method. The survey questions concerned the awareness of students of the Institute of Physical Education regarding the development of ethno-sports in the country and in the region. A low level of awareness of the development of the ethno-sports field among Bachelors of Physical Education was identified, which is a main problem of the subject matter. As a result of the deep research into problems of the promotion of ethnic sports, it was decided to elaborate and implement the pilot project ‘ETHNIC Festival’ aimed at the popularisation of ethnic sports in the city of Yekaterinburg. An analysis of official documents has shown that the region is now actively developing federations for traditional Russian sports, however, they are not very popular among the population. The current activities in the field of ethno-sports are not sufficient to attract the general public to the process. The obtained data indicated the urgency of the popularisation and cultivation of national sport disciplines and competitions. A sociological survey of EthnoFestival participants showed that one of the ways to revive national games and sports is to hold mass events to popularise ethno-culture.
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Landa, Beinish. "Public Health as a Social Issue: The Role of Digital Technologies Originating from the Internet & Big Data Era." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-69.
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Digitalisation is gradually penetrating all spheres of society The rationale for this study is the unprecedented measures taken by the President and the Government of the Russian Federation to encourage the population to engage in physical education and sport in order to preserve and improve health and increase the life expectancy of Russians. Federal targeted programmes have made it possible to build and commission thousands of modern sports complexes. The study was primarily aimed at the elaboration and implementation of a technique of digital information and diagnostic support of mass health surveillance. The research methodology developed at our University contains three process phases: measurement, calculations, and appraisal. The implementation of these procedures allows both the individual trajectory of the complex development of each subject and the processing of unlimited amounts of information concerning normative test takers. At each stage, digital technologies are used to generate the database, to store it, to process the results obtained and to pass them on to other organisations upon demand, making the achievements of the methodology transparent and open. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the methodology, by monitoring the dynamics of individual and collective achievements, handles information on all groups of the population in a prompt, reliable and valid manner and is used by us not only to modernise the process of physical education, but also to assess the health-promoting activities of any organisation. Digitisation originated from the Internet and BigData era, entails raising the level of evidence-based decision-making in physical education and sport to a new, modern level.
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Mihaila, Constanta-Valentina, Gabriela Alina Paraschiva, and Laurentiu Mihai Mihail. "How Efficient are the Romanian Sports Federations? A Theoretical and Experimental Approach." In World Lumen Congress 2021, May 26-30, 2021, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/wlc2021/44.
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Examining the links between performance and financial issues has been, and still is, subject of a great number of researches both in the business and in the non-profit environment. In this respect, the world of sports has not been bypassed either, using concepts and / or instruments from accounting, economics or statistic areas in order to analyse a firm or an NGO in the sport industry and his success. The present study represents one of the first attempt to value the Romanian sports federations’ activity which is not based solely on the scores attained following places and medals won by athletes participating in the national and international competition system. And it is intended to identify an appropriate methodology to highlight how efficient the sports federations have been in 2019 year, reporting the results obtained to the resources used, from a domestic perspective (meaning the participation in national sports events and the scores obtained). This paper addresses 12 Romanian sports federations (out of 75 federations on sport branches) and their efficiency, through the lens of several input, output and outcome indicators, using public data gathered from various sources - the Romanian Ministry of Finance, the National Institute of Statistics, the Romanian Ministry of Youth and Sports. Using statistical tools, such as Spearman rank correlation, as well as statistical methods, such as standardization, we developed an efficiency calculation methodology, which could be used to support managerial team to improve and / or reshape federations' activities, if necessary.
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Enachescu, Sorin-Valentin, and Valeriu Jurat. "Influența practicării artelor marţiale asupra nivelului de pregătire militară a studenţilor." In Congresul Ştiinţific Internaţional "Sport. Olimpism. Sănătate". State University of Physical Education and Sport, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52449/soh22.16.
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In the training, development and specialization programs of military personnel/military students, the level of physical and mental training is decisive. In this sense, it is imperative that the military/military student have an optimal physical condition and solid self-defense skills, which will allow him to act quickly and efficiently in any situation encountered. The priority objective of the self-defense lessons, which are included today in the training program of the units and educational institutions in the field of national defense or in the field of ensuring peace and public order, is the formation of an important baggage of knowledge, skills and abilities in which elements can be found technical-tactical from Martial Arts, such as: Judo, Karate, Taekwondo, Kick Box, Jiu Jitsu (Brazilian), Fighting, Boxing, the application of which in the lesson conditions the formation of a strong mental profile, specific to the military in the theater of operations, which generates adaptive behaviors in borderline situations.
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Roldan Martin, Juan. "Rooms: Domesticated Landscapes and Urban Appropriations in the UAE." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.44.
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This paper explores how certain exterior (not strictly defined as public space) conditions of the UAE are occupied by migrant groups of populations in order to establish a sense of belonging through sport activities.
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Triboi, Vasile, and Natalia Nastas. "The Fight against Corruption in Sport: International and National Experience." In World Lumen Congress 2021, May 26-30, 2021, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/wlc2021/68.
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Corruption is a particularly dangerous scourge, which encompasses the whole of society, all spheres of human activity, and by virtue of this, it also encompasses education, whether we want to recognize it or not. Corruption flourishes in times of great social unrest, in times of crisis that societies are going through, especially in the period of transition from a totalitarian regime to a democratic society. The factor generating corruption is the socio-economic crisis, having as causes: weakening of state authority, degradation of living standards, altered moral judgment, lack of effective control levers, diminished public confidence in institutions and social values, non-adaptation of legislation to economic and social conditions and so on Sport is one of the largest businesses in the world, being influenced and influencing in turn both financial and political interests. Every year, millions of dollars and Euros circulate in this area, most of the transactions and agreements taking place behind closed doors, in order to keep any possible advantage over the competition. This fierce competitiveness, together with the lack of transparency, makes the sports field extremely vulnerable to corruption acts. Summarizing the results of our study, we can conclude: the fight against corruption is an opportunity for beneficiary institutions, which can strengthen and improve their systems for preventing and combating corruption and money laundering and asset recovery, by reference to worldwide first-class practices and standards. Following intense consultations with all beneficiaries in the Republic of Moldova: Minister of Education, Culture and Research, National Olympic and Sports Committee, Paralympics’ Committee, Sports Federations and other structures in the country, in order to ensure effective support in the field of physical culture and sports. The direct relations with the interested actors contribute to the creation of a positive framework, which will favour the general success of the future activities that will take place in obtaining the expected results.
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Costa Filho, Paulo Nunes, and Leandro Sampaio Monteiro. "Principles of public administration: A brief comment in light of administrative reform." In V Seven International Multidisciplinary Congress. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevenvmulti2024-132.
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In order to meet the interests, well-being and needs of society, as well as guarantee basic access and opportunities for development, listed in Article 37, caput , of the 1988 Federal Constitution, such as health services, education, security, environment -environment, tourism, sport, social assistance, transport, housing, culture, among others, the direct or indirect Public Administration (PA) of the three powers (Union, States, Municipalities) and the Federal District, has its elementary and peremptory principles: Legality, Impersonality, Morality, Publicity and Efficiency. Therefore, it is important to understand the principles that govern Brazilian Administrative Law (BRASIL 1988; MAZZA, 2019). Therefore, this work has the scope of synthetically presenting the basic principles of the AP, including the proposal for its reform, through PEC 32/02020 (BRASIL, 2020).
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Zheleva-Terzieva, Donka. "THE FORMATIVE ROLE OF ACTIVE SPORTS ACTIVITY FOR THE MORAL STATUS OF ADOLESCENTS." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/115.
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ABSTRACT The general goal of family and educational environment is to prepare the rising generation for public practice by gaining social experience and building a moral culture of behavior. Although they are different, both institutions are responsible for the upbringing of children. Part of the extracurricular work in physical education and sport are also sports activities organized and conducted by sports clubs in a certain type of sport. The article conducts a study on the impact of training and sports competition activities on the formation of morally responsible behavior in adolescent football players. Certain indicators are derived from each criterion being analyzed in order to determine the moral status of the contestants. The methods of pedagogical research discourse, inquiry, and expert evaluation, applied to two age groups (total respondents – 280 competitors, 22 coaches, 18 referees, and 4 football delegates) during the football championship 7 of the 2021/22 sports competition year in Stara Zagora region. The opinion of the coaches and delegates, the actions of the referees regarding disciplinary control, the behavior of the players before the start, during, and after the end of football matches, numbering 300, have been examined. The statistical methods for processing empirical data for the purpose of analyzing and presenting the results of the study are variational, cor-relational, comparative, and descriptive analyses, Van der Waerden test, and processing of textual information from matches played. The results obtained found positive and statistically analyzed changes in the behavior of the contestants according to the criteria and indicators studied and prove the formative impact of active sports activity on the moral culture of the personality. The inquiry analysis carried out by place of residence shows that the research effect on the behavior of contestants has greater values for those living in larger cities.
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Vuković, Zoran. "PRAVNI POLOŽAJ SPORTSKOG AGENTA U PREGOVORIMA." In 14 Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xivmajsko.377v.
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Professional sports is rapidly moving in the direction of full commercialization and is a highly profitable business activity worth tens of billions of dollars annually. The professionalization of certain sports disciplines, the multiple increase in the number of transfers and profits in sports, resulted in, inter alia, the emergence of a whole range of new occupations in the sports system. Among them are sports agents who, acting under the authority they have, mediate in sports transfers, or endeavor to bring the sportspersons into a sport organization for the purpose of negotiating the conclusion of an employment contract, or to bring one sports organization in contact with the other for the purpose of negotiating on the conclusion of the transfer agreement. Mediation in sports transfers represents the most common form of activity of sports agents and the typical service they provide to their clients. However, in the conditions of modern sports, sports agents on the contract basis provide their clients with a wide range of other services. These include: representation for the conclusion of various types of contracts, the interpretation of foreign legal regulations (when transferring an athlete abroad), managing client assets, long-term planning of his career, caring for the client's public image, organizing press conferences, etc. The subject of the author's interest in this paper is the consideration of the legal position of sports agents in the negotiations that are being conducted in order to conclude a employment contract or a transfer contract of their clients.
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Arkalov, Dmitriy. "FINANCING SPORTS FEDERATIONS AS A ZERO-SUM GAME." In VII All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation "Sports Informatics Day". Russian Association of Computer Science in Sports, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62105/conferencearticle_65aec744e99a68.29986992.
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Abstract. Sports federations as non-profit organizations play an important role in the development of the public sector and the development of selected sports, being responsible for their popularization and development. They are a powerful potential and tool for solving problems in the field of physical culture and sports that are not solved by state and municipal sports institutions. Sports federations as actors are the most mobile in terms of communications with both the state and business. In the Russian practice of state support for sports, budgetary funds constitute the predominant part in the financial support of regional sports federations, which cannot but affect the final volume of their financing – with a limited budget, the more sports federations, the less each of them can receive. In this case, the chosen budget policy can either help in the development of sports or lead to decline. Therefore, the formation of clear and objective rules for obtaining a certain amount of financial support from the state is an important factor in fair competition for resources. This study proposes a model for the distribution of financial resources among sports federations. The model is built on objective, measurable and verifiable indicators that characterize the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of athletes, personnel potential and organizational abilities. All indicators are calculated in relation to each other, and the starting point for calculations is the athlete who is enrolled in the sports school. At the output, the model forms a balanced system, the relationships within which change when the quantitative and (or) qualitative characteristics of the indicators change, as well as a logically sound order of financing for each specific sport.
Reports on the topic "Ordre public du sport"
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de Marcellis-Warin, Nathalie, and Christophe Mondin. Les pratiques numériques des professionnels au Québec: État des lieux et pistes de réflexion pour accompagner le virage numérique. Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’intelligence artificielle et du numérique, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.61737/lkep7256.
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Mandatés par le Conseil interprofessionnel du Québec (CIQ), l'OBVIA et le CIRANO ont réalisé une étude dont les objectifs étaient de: - dresser un état des lieux de l’utilisation du numérique chez les professionnels du Québec - mettre en lumière les enjeux du virage numérique sur leurs activités - identifier les besoins des professionnels dans ce contexte changeant Le rapport «Les pratiques numériques des professionnels au Québec - État des lieux et pistes de réflexion pour accompagner le virage numérique» fait ressortir le fait que si l’utilisation des technologies numériques est très répandue chez l’ensemble des professionnels du Québec, les compétences et les connaissances ne s’apprécient pas par secteur d’activité, par ordre, ou bien à l’échelle d’une profession, mais plutôt à l’échelle du professionnel ou de l’organisation au sein de laquelle il exerce. Le Québec compte 55 professions réglementées organisées en 46 ordres professionnels et encadrées par le système professionnel dont la mission fondamentale est la protection du public.
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Martínez, Lina María, and Juan Tomás Sayago. Does Public Investment Contribute to Increasing Institutional and Interpersonal Trust?: Place-Based Policies for Sports and Cultural Activities in Cali, Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003827.
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This paper studies the effect of two place-based policies implemented in Cali, Colombia on social capital and trust. We use the CaliBRANDO survey to account for institutional and interpersonal trust, matching neighborhood of residence and where policies are applied. We set up a difference-in-difference model to estimate the impact of the policies on the indexes that measure trust. We nd that the organized sport policy improves institutional trust by about 4%. Our results are significant for soccer and basketball and not significant for futsal and other activities. The evidence does not support an effect of nightlights on trust.
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Naffi, Nadia, Ann-Louise Davidson, and Didier Paquelin. Perturbation dans et par les bureaux de soutien à l’enseignement pendant la pandémie COVID-19: Innover pour l'avenir de l'enseignement supérieur. Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’intelligence artificielle et du numérique, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.61737/dmbr6218.
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Aujourd'hui, la communauté éducative dans son ensemble est confrontée à un défi universel : se préparer à l'ère de la post-pandémie-COVID-19. Ce défi signifie qu’il faut assurer un enseignement équitable et de qualité ainsi qu'une évaluation efficace et efficiente de l'apprentissage selon des modalités hybrides, flexibles ou entièrement à distance. En outre, les bureaux de soutien à l’enseignement (BSE) jouent un rôle essentiel pour relever et surmonter ce défi. Ce livre blanc met en lumière la manière dont les BSE, les centres d'enseignement et d'apprentissage et les entités équivalentes ont abordé et prévoient d'aborder les tendances et les problèmes de l'apprentissage numérique dans le contexte de la perturbation de l'enseignement causée par la COVID-19. Il commence par un aperçu du rôle traditionnel que les BSE et les entités équivalentes ont joué depuis leur création dans les établissements d'enseignement. Il décrit ensuite comment ce rôle a évolué pour devenir les premiers intervenants académiques dans le contexte de la pandémie COVID-19. Le document se poursuit par une discussion approfondie sur les défis auxquels les BSE ont été confrontés depuis l'éruption de la pandémie en mars 2020 et ceux qu'ils anticipent pour les semestres à venir. Il énumère également des exemples concrets de mesures qu'ils ont prises pour faire face à ces défis. En outre, il fournit des informations détaillées sur une action majeure entreprise par tous, à savoir le partage public d'une abondance de ressources pour soutenir le corps enseignant et les étudiants pendant la transition en ligne. Cette discussion met en évidence les ressources pertinentes en matière d'équité. La dernière section de ce document présente les leçons apprises et les recommandations des centres aux centres, ainsi que les commentaires d'experts et de chercheurs du domaine avec des idées et des approches adaptées au mandat actuel des centres pour les aider à mieux faire face à ce qui s'en vient. Les recommandations de ce livre blanc s’appliquent aux établissements d'enseignement, aux membres du corps enseignant, aux étudiants et aux décideurs politiques. Ce livre blanc a été préparé dans le cadre des travaux de l’Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’IA et du numérique (OBVIA) sur les effets des systèmes d’intelligence artificielle et des outils numériques déployés pour lutter contre la propagation de la COVID-19 sur les sociétés soutenus par les Fonds de recherche du Québec (FRQ). Il a été rédigé par Nadia Naffi PhD, Université Laval, soutenue par la Chaire de leadership en enseignement (CLE) sur les pratiques pédagogiques innovantes en contexte numérique – Banque Nationale, la Chaire de recherche « Maker Culture » de l’Université Concordia, avec la participation des chercheur·e·s Ann-Louise Davidson PhD, Concordia University, Roger Kaufman PhD, Florida State University, Richard E (Dick) Clark PhD, University of Southern California, Brian Beatty PhD, San Francisco State University, Didier Paquelin PhD, Université Laval, des consultants Dawn M. Snyder PhD, Dawn Snyder Associates, et Guy Wallace, EPPIC Inc, et des assistante·s de recherche Azeneth Patino, Université Laval, Edem Gbetoglo, Université Laval, Nathalie Duponsel, Concordia University, Céleste Savoie, Université Laval, Isabelle Fournel, Université Laval, et Ivan Ruby, Concordia University. Un grand merci aux auteurs invités qui ont contribué au livre blanc (par ordre alphabétique): Barbar Akle PhD, Lebanese American University, Fawzi Baroud PhD, UNESCO & Notre Dame University, Tony Bates PhD, Ryerson University & Contact Nord, Chris Dede PhD, Harvard University, Julie Desjardins PhD, Université de Sherbrooke, Rula Diab PhD, Lebanese American University, Moira Fischbacher-Smith PhD, University of Glasgow, Aline Germain-Rutherford PhD, University of Ottawa, David Hornsby PhD, Carleton University, Jaymie Koroluk, Carleton University, Hubert Lalande, University of Ottawa, Patrick Lyons, Carleton University, Florian Meyer PhD, Université de Sherbrooke, Richard Pinet, University of Ottawa, Annie Pilote PhD, Université Laval, Dragana Polovina-Vukovic, Carleton University, Bart Rienties PhD, Open University, Roland van Oostveen PhD, Ontario Tech University, et Laura Winer PhD, McGill University. Et un remerciement spécial aux dix-neuf centres d'enseignement et d'apprentissage et aux équipes équivalentes du Canada, des États-Unis, du Liban, du Royaume-Uni et de la France pour leur temps et les expériences qu'ils ont partagées avec notre équipe. Tous les centres faisaient face à des défis très difficiles et ont pourtant trouvé le temps de soutenir ce travail.