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In order to explore their orchid flora, we performed surveys of 96 Azerbaijani burial places in 2018 and 2019. Altogether, 28 orchid taxa were found in 37 visited cemeteries. In the orchid diversity a remarkable pattern was observed: geographic latitude was significantly and positively related to the number of taxa and number of individuals. The most widespread and abundant orchids in Azerbaijani graveyards were Anacamptis pyramidalis and A. papilionacea (found in 23 and 8 cemeteries, respectively). Azerbaijani cemeteries can be important refuges for rare and threatened orchids, e.g., Himantoglossum formosum (three cemeteries), Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa (eight), Orchis adenocheila (two), O. punctulata (three), O. stevenii (one) and Steveniella satyrioides (one). Epipactis turcica, detected in a single locality, was previously unknown to the flora of Azerbaijan. Additionally, we documented orchid tuber (salep) collection in two cemeteries.
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Shamsudin, Nor Amirah, Jaya Seelan Sathiya Seelan, Jualang Azlan Gansau, and Nor Azizun Rusdi. "A review: Molecular identification of orchid mycorrhiza." Advances in Horticultural Science 38, no. 1 (April 4, 2024): 97–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-14952.
Orchids are a diverse and widespread family of flowering plants, with over 25,000 known species and more than 100,000 hybrids and cultivars. Orchids are characterised by their often showy and highly specialised flowers and have unique and intricate floral. Orchids are known to be highly dependent on their mycorrhizal fungi for nutrient uptake, especially during the early stages of their development. Orchid seeds lack the endosperm present in most other seeds, which means they cannot germinate without a source of nutrition. The relationship between orchids and mycorrhiza is known as orchid mycorrhizae or orchid mycorrhiza. In orchid mycorrhiza, the orchid plant forms a mutualistic relationship with certain species of fungi that are able to penetrate the orchid’s roots and colonise its tissues to provides the orchid with essential nutrients. Orchid mycorrhizal fungi are often highly specific, meaning that they can only form partnerships with certain orchid species, and vice versa. The importance of mycorrhizal fungi in the orchid life cycle is crucial from both evolutionary and ecological standpoints. Therefore, it is essential to acquire a thorough comprehension of this relationship and develop methodologies for isolating, identifying, and preserving significant fungal strains that are associated with different orchid species. In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in research concentration on mycorrhizal interactions in orchids. However, certain inquiries remain unresolved pertaining to the fungal communities associated with orchids as well as the divergences notices across different species and geographical locales. The present paper provides a through, and extensive analysis of the fungal life associated with orchids. This article presents a succinct overview of the molecular techniques utilised by researchers globally to isolate and identify peloton-forming fungi in both temperate terrestrial and tropical orchids. The review begins by proving a concise introduction to the background material regarding the wide range of fungal species that are linked with orchids. It then proceeds to explores the topic of orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) and orchid non-mycorrhizal fungi (ONF). The subsequent analysis explores the crucial function that orchid mycorrhizal fungi play in the processes of seed germination and development. Moreover, the study elaborates on the methodologies utilised for isolating fungi, extracting fungal DNA, selecting primers, amplifying DNA and subsequent analysis sequence data. This article considers several molecular identification approaches that are used in studying orchid endophytic mycorrhizal. Using molecular approaches, orchid mycorrhizal can be further explored and identified.
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Farokhah, Tria, Sri Utami, and Jumari Jumari. "Diversity and Abundance of Orchids at Gebugan Nature Reserve in Semarang, Indonesia." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 10, no. 2 (August 29, 2018): 284–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14579.
Orchid is a plant with a high aesthetic value.The existence of orchids directly by the community from their natural habitat, causing the existence of orchid in nature was threatened. The potential of orchid diversity in the Gebugan Nature Reserve area needs exploration to maintain its sustainability. This research would explore the diversity and abundance of orchid species and determined the environmental conditionof Gebugan Nature Reserve. The study was done on 2 stations with altitude difference are 900 m asl and 1045 m asl. Five plots of 10 m x 10 m were systematically constructed at each station with a distance of plots 50 meters. Species of orchids found in the Gebugan Nature Reserve were 12 species, including 11 species of epiphytic orchids and 1 species of terrestrial orchids. The abundance of individual orchid species was relatively higher in places with higher altitudes. Micropera sp was the most abundant orchid species and Corymborkis veratrifolia was the species of orchid with the lowest abundance. It is found that the environmental conditions of Gebugan Nature Reserve are suitable for orchid. The novelty of the research is providing a new data base of orchid in the Gebugan Nature Reserve. The result of the study would be beneficial for developing strategy of genetic conservation of orchird germplasm.
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Evans, Alexandra, Sam Janssens, and Hans Jacquemyn. "Impact of Climate Change on the Distribution of Four Closely Related Orchis (Orchidaceae) Species." Diversity 12, no. 8 (August 13, 2020): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12080312.
Long-term monitoring programs and population demographic models have shown that the population dynamics of orchids are to a large extent dependent on prevailing weather conditions, suggesting that the changes in climatic conditions can have far reaching effects on the population dynamics and hence the distribution of orchids. Although a better understanding of the effects of climate change on the distribution of plants has become increasingly important during the final years, only a few studies have investigated the effects of changing temperature and precipitation on the distribution of orchids. In this study, we investigated the impact of climate change on the distribution of four terrestrial orchid species (Orchis anthropophora, Orchis militaris, Orchis purpurea and Orchis simia). Using bioclimatic data for current and future climate scenarios, habitat suitability, range shifts and the impact of different abiotic factors on the range of each species were modelled using Maxent. The results revealed an increase in suitable habitat area for O. anthropophora, O. purpurea and O. simia under each RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) scenario, while a decrease was observed for O. militaris. Furthermore, all four of the orchids showed a shift to higher latitudes under the three RCPs leading to a significant range extension under mild climate change. Under severe climate change, a significant decline in the distribution area at the warm edge of their distributions was observed. Overall, these results show that mild climate change may be beneficial for the studied orchid species and lead to range expansion. However, continued warming may yet prove detrimental, as all species also showed pronounced declines at lower latitudes when temperature increases were larger than 4 °C.
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Scopece, Giovanni, Nicolas Juillet, Christian Lexer, and Salvatore Cozzolino. "Fluctuating selection across years and phenotypic variation in food-deceptive orchids." PeerJ 5 (August 25, 2017): e3704. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3704.
Nectarless flowers that deceive pollinators offer an opportunity to study asymmetric plant-insect interactions. Orchids are a widely used model for studying these interactions because they encompass several thousand species adopting deceptive pollination systems. High levels of intra-specific phenotypic variation have been reported in deceptive orchids, suggesting a reduced consistency of pollinator-mediated selection on their floral traits. Nevertheless, several studies report on widespread directional selection mediated by pollinators even in these deceptive orchids. In this study we test the hypothesis that the observed selection can fluctuate across years in strength and direction thus likely contributing to the phenotypic variability of this orchid group. We performed a three-year study estimating selection differentials and selection gradients for nine phenotypic traits involved in insect attraction in two Mediterranean orchid species, namely Orchis mascula and O. pauciflora, both relying on a well-described food-deceptive pollination strategy. We found weak directional selection and marginally significant selection gradients in the two investigated species with significant intra-specific differences in selection differentials across years. Our data do not link this variation with a specific environmental cause, but our results suggest that pollinator-mediated selection in food-deceptive orchids can change in strength and in direction over time. In perennial plants, such as orchids, different selection differentials in the same populations in different flowering seasons can contribute to the maintenance of phenotypic variation often reported in deceptive orchids.
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Handayani, Etty, Agung Astuti, and Yogawati Printarani Yahwidhi. "In Vitro Culture of Orchids Grammatophyllum scriptum lindl. from Ambonese banana Peel in Foliar Fertilizer Medium." Tropical Plantation Journal 2, no. 2 (July 25, 2023): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.56125/tpj.v2i2.31.
The sustainability of Grammatophyllum scriptum orchids in nature is threatened due to excessive harvesting which results in changes and damage to the orchid's growing habitat. G. scriptum orchid is one of the endemic orchids that has uniqueness and high economic value. In vitro culture propagation of G. scriptum orchids is carried out to multiply and maintain the existence of the orchid. The use of alternative media in vitro culture is carried out to minimize the cost of making the medium and utilize materials available in nature. The utilization of Ambonese banana peel waste that has not been carried out optimally is considered to be one of the choices as an alternative medium in propagation of G. scriptum orchids This study aims to determine the most appropriate combination of foliar fertilizer and banana peel concentration for in vitro multiplication of orchid explants and to examine the effect of the combination of leaf fertilizer and banana peel concentration on the multiplication of orchid explantsVitro. The study will be carried out using a single-factor experimental method with 8 treatments, arranged according to the Complete Randomized Design (RAL). The treatment tried was in vitro culture of G. scriptum orchids on Growmore media and Ambonese banana peels including inner banana peels of 50g/L and 100g/L; outer banana peel 50 g/L and 100 g/L; banana peel combined 50 g / L and 100 g / L. The results showed the addition of Ambon banana peel had an influence on the percentage of life and growth of shoots, leaves and roots of G. scriptum orchid plants Treatment with the addition of a combined banana peel of 50 g / L in leaf fertilizer medium provides the best growth in terms of the percentage of life, plant height growth, leaves and plant roots.
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Riandinata, Selamet Kurniawan, Athifah Athifah, and Muh Ramdhan Sofyan Syafii. "Inventarisasi Keanekaragaman Anggrek (Orchidaceae) di Kecamatan Polinggona Kabupaten Kolaka." Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v10i1.5003.
Orchid is type of flowering plant that has economic value because most of them have beautiful and attractive flowers. The existence species of orchids in nature is increasingly threatened due to the high activity of land conversion and hunting for the orchids themselves. The purpose of this study was determine the diversity of orchids spesies in Polinggona, Kolaka district Southeast Sulawesi. The research used an explorative and interview method. Based on the observations, there were 31 species of epiphytic orchids, 5 species of terrestrial orchids, one semi-terrestrial orchid and there are 6 species of orchids is unidentified.The results of vertical distribution on the host tree, the epiphytic orchids found growing in all zones were Pomatocalpa spicata and Dendrobium ephemerum and mostly the epiphytic orchids in the observation site grew in zone III, specifically at the base of branching of its host tree.Terrestrial orchid type Arundina graminifolia has the most limited distribution compared to other terrestrial orchid species. The types of terrestrial and semi-terrestrial orchids that were found were all close to the river flow.
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Rewers, Monika, Iwona Jedrzejczyk, Agnieszka Rewicz, and Anna Jakubska-Busse. "Genome Size Diversity in Rare, Endangered, and Protected Orchids in Poland." Genes 12, no. 4 (April 13, 2021): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12040563.
Orchidaceae is one of the largest and the most widespread plant families with many species threatened with extinction. However, only about 1.5% of orchids’ genome sizes have been known so far. The aim of this study was to estimate the genome size of 15 species and one infraspecific taxon of endangered and protected orchids growing wild in Poland to assess their variability and develop additional criterion useful in orchid species identification and characterization. Flow cytometric genome size estimation revealed that investigated orchid species possessed intermediate, large, and very large genomes. The smallest 2C DNA content possessed Liparis loeselii (14.15 pg), while the largest Cypripedium calceolus (82.10 pg). It was confirmed that the genome size is characteristic to the subfamily. Additionally, for four species Epipactis albensis, Ophrys insectifera, Orchis mascula, Orchis militaris and one infraspecific taxon, Epipactis purpurata f. chlorophylla the 2C DNA content has been estimated for the first time. Genome size estimation by flow cytometry proved to be a useful auxiliary method for quick orchid species identification and characterization.
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Tokaryuk, Alla, Tetiana Nykyrsa, Illia Chorney, Vasyl Budzhak, and Ksenia Korzhan. "The Orchid family (Orchidaceae Juss.) on the territory of Chernivtsi: horological and phytocoenotical features." Biolohichni systemy 12, no. 2 (December 23, 2020): 232–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/biosystems2020.02.232.
The article reports about chorology, phytocenotic, biotopical features of 24 orchid species (Orchidaceae Juss.) on the territory of Chernivtsi. The history of studying orchids in the city is described. The authors give the cadastre of locations of orchids based on studies of material at the herbariums (CHER, KW, LE, LW, МНА), literary sources and own collecting expeditions. There found 24 species of orchids in Chernivtsi. 6 of them (Anacamptis coriophora (L.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon et M.W. Chase s.l., A. palustris (Jacq.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon et M.W. Chase, Corallorhiza trífida Châtel., Dactylorhiza cordigera (Fries) Soó, Orchis purpurea Huds. та О. signifera Vest.) are not been confirmed by modern collecting expeditions, 3 of them (Anacamptis palustris, Orchis purpurea, О. signifera) were listed from herbarium and literary sources of the second half of ХІХ century. At the moment these species and their habitats are suspected to have been lost due to urban transformation. 17 species (70,8%) of orchids have been found in 1-5 habitats, and 7 species (29,2%) – in 6-20 habitats. Orchids are the part of 4 alliance 4 orders and 2 classes of natural vegetation Carpino-Fagetea sylvaticae Jakucs ex Passarge 1968 and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea Tx. 1937 and 5 types of habitats (4 of them are natural and 1 – synanthropic) on the territory of Chernivtsi. Natural plant communities with orchids belong to 4 habitats from Annex I of the Council Directive – 9130, 9170, 6510, 6440 and 4 biotopes listed in Resolution №4 of the Bern Convention – G1.6, G1.A1, E2.2, Е3.4. Remnants of natural forest biotopes having orchids were survived by the designation of landscape sanctuary – «Tsetsino» (430 ha) the object of national significance and «Haryachyy Urban» (108 ha) the object of regional significance. There are 11 and 2 species of orchids on the territory of «Tsetsinо» and «Haryachyy Urban» respectively. Cultivated coenosis of the biggest Park Architecture Monument of regional significance «Zhovtnevyy» (63,5 ha) have 3 speсies of orchids. 4 species are not protected. These results are important for follow-up monitoring measures on rare species of plants in Chernivtsi.
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Madoui, Amar, Khellaf Rebbas, Rabah Bounar, Mohamed Djamel, Miara Véla, and Errol Véla. "Contribution à l’inventaire des Orchidées de la wilaya de Sétif (nord-est de l’Algérie)." Bulletin de la société linnéenne de Lyon 86, no. 9 (2017): 273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/linly.2017.17856.
Contribution to the list of Orchids in the Sétif province (north-eastern Algeria). The Sétif province is renowned for its floristic and ecological diversity. This biodiversity demands a proper field investigation to locate, identify and map the region’s rare and threatened species. Of these species, orchids remain the most symbolic, not only because of their beauty, but also because of the fragility of their habitats and the threats to their preservation. In this paper, the authors describe the new orchid sites discovered in the Sétif province. Twenty-six (26) orchid species and subspecies were observed, identified and geolocated. Of these, Orchis purpurea subsp. purpurea, Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. battandieri, Orchis mascula subsp. maghrebiana, Ophrys omegaifera subsp. hayekii and Ophrys marmorata subsp. marmorata were observed for the first time in the region. Dactylorhiza elata s. l. is relatively abundant, but only in wet areas that have suffered recent human deterioration, thus raising fears about its conservation.
Hughes, Oliver Thomas Wesley. "Orchid-mycorrhiza relationships : propagation of terrestrial and epiphytic orchids from seed." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2018. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/621969/.
Many orchids are rare and endangered due to habitat loss, degradation and human interference. This thesis aims to improve our understanding of orchid-mycorrhiza relationships and optimise methods for successful in vitro germination and development of terrestrial and epiphytic orchids. The research undertaken advances our understanding of orchids and has applications for conservation and horticulture. Fungal specificity plays a key role in orchid distribution and the colonisation of habitats. This was investigated in the Australian terrestrial orchid, Microtis media R. Br. in Chapter 2. Experiments demonstrated low fungal specificity in germination in vitro, although later development was more specific, with one fungus inducing protocorm development through to adult plants. Fungal compatibility was tested in several Eurasian terrestrial orchids in Chapter 3. Varying degrees of specificity were observed, with Anacamptis morio (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase and Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) Soό displaying low fungal specificity whereas Serapias spp. were more specific. Orchids are commonly propagated without fungi using asymbiotic media. Asymbiotic and symbiotic methods were compared in two Eurasian terrestrial orchids in Chapter 4. In both cases, symbiotic methods resulted in higher germination and development. In Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase, successful seedling establishment ex vitro was only achieved with symbiotic seedlings. Following this study, the effect of substrate rugosity and complexity on germination in asymbiotic and symbiotic culture of two Eurasian terrestrial orchids was investigated in Chapter 5. Substrate rugosity had a positive effect on germination and development in symbiotic cultures of A. morio and both asymbiotic and symbiotic cultures of Dactylorhiza purpurella (T.Stephenson & T.A.Stephenson) Soó. The subtribe Pleurothallidinae is one of the largest in the Orchidaceae and little is known about their propagation requirements. A number species from different genera within this group were tested with different asymbiotic media and fungi isolated from plants in an ex situ collection in Chapter 6. Germination was highest with two fungal strains but development of plantlets only occurred on asymbiotic media. Ex situ study and propagation of myco-heterotrophic orchids poses some difficulties. A novel method is presented, using microcosms for the initiation of tripartite symbioses with tree seedlings, fungi and orchids in Chapter 7. Associations between tree seedlings, fungi and orchid seed were observed. Germination was not achieved with seed of Neottia nidus-avis (L.) Rich. The method provides a basis for further development with applications in a range of ecological studies.
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Yam, Tim-wing. "Conservation, ecology and propagation of the wild orchids of Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1243873X.
Tsui, Yuk-chun Prisca. "Conservation and propagation of wild orchids in Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13226290.
Shan, Xuechan. "Fungal associations and aspects of seed biology of some orchids of Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20566670.
Genes responsible for differences in gene regulation and expression in normal cells and freezing tolerant cells were identified using two related wintergreen orchid species, Aplectrum hyemale and Tipularia discolor. Changes in gene expression observed in field-collected tissues obtained from different seasons were compared as were changes observed in plants subjected to cold shock in a laboratory environmental chamber. In order to clone these differentially expressed genes which may confer photosynthesis cold tolerance, the recently developed technique, mRNA differential display was employed. Using this process, mRNA was isolated from the tissue and reverse transcribed to cDNAs, which were amplified using specific anchored 3' primers and various random 5' primers. The 50-100 bands resulting from specific primers were compared on denaturing polyacrylamide gels. Bands differently expressed were excised from the gel and purified. In the future, if partial sequence analysis indicates they may code important regulatory proteins, they will be used as probes to obtain full-length genes from a cDNA library for further characterization. This study provides an opportunity not only to obtain important regulatory genes in plants, but also to understand more about temperature regulated gene expression in orchids. Department of Biology
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Barkman, Todd James. "Evolution of Dendrochilum subgenus Platyclinis section Eurybrachium investigated in a phylogenetic context /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Hart, Phoebe. "Orchids : intersex and identity in documentary." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/29712/25/Phoebe_Hart_Thesis_redacted.pdf.
Orchids: Intersex and Identity in Documentary explores the creative practice challenges of working with bodies with intersex in the long-form auto/biographical documentary Orchids. Just as creative practice research challenges the dominant hegemony of quantitative and qualitative research, so does my creative work position itself as a nuanced piece, pushing the boundaries of traditional cultural studies theories, documentary film practice and creative practice method, through its distinctive distillation and celebration of a new form of discursive rupturing, the intersex voice.
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Hart, Phoebe. "Orchids : intersex and identity in documentary." Queensland University of Technology, 2009. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/29712/.
Orchids: Intersex and Identity in Documentary explores the creative practice challenges of working with bodies with intersex in the long-form auto/biographical documentary Orchids. Just as creative practice research challenges the dominant hegemony of quantitative and qualitative research, so does my creative work position itself as a nuanced piece, pushing the boundaries of traditional cultural studies theories, documentary film practice and creative practice method, through its distinctive distillation and celebration of a new form of discursive rupturing, the intersex voice.
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Wong, Kwong-chiu Alfred. "Conservation genetics of Hong Kong wild orchids /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2035793X.
Meena, N. K., R. P. Medhi, and M. Mani. "Orchids." In Mealybugs and their Management in Agricultural and Horticultural crops, 525–34. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2677-2_56.
Tikendra, Leimapokpam, Abhijit Dey, Manas Ranjan Sahoo, and Potshangbam Nongdam. "Genetic Stability in Micropropagated Orchids: Assessment by Molecular Markers and Flow Cytometry." In Genome Size and Genetic Homogeneity of Regenerated Plants: Methods and Applications, 180–231. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815165555123010011.
Orchids occupy a significant position in the international floricultural market because of their spectacularly beautiful flowers with varied sizes, forms, patterns, and colorations. Apart from their high ornamental values, they are known for therapeutic application in the traditional medicinal system. However, natural orchid resources are quickly depleting because of excessive unregulated commercial collection and mass habitat destruction. Orchid production through conventional propagation methods cannot meet the present demands for these ornamental plants. Micropropagation of orchids through plant tissue culture provides an excellent opportunity to propagate true-to-type quality plants on a large scale rapidly. However, somaclonal variation may appear in the in vitro clones producing undesired plants with phenotypic and molecular defects. It is obligatory to test the genetic integrity of the propagated plants to ensure the production of identical quality orchids. Genetic stable orchids are produced by evaluating the fidelity of the regenerants using molecular markers. The present chapter highlights the genetic stability assessment of several micropropagated orchids using molecular markers and the flow cytometry method.
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Sheehan, Thomas J. "Orchids." In Introduction to Floriculture, 113–42. Elsevier, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-437651-9.50010-5.
HORVATH, BROOKE. "“Orchids”:." In A Field Guide to the Poetry of Theodore Roethke, 86–91. Ohio University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv224tz8r.17.
Pant, R. P., K. B. Pun, N. K. Meena, and Baljeet Kaur. "Orchids." In Viral Diseases of Field and Horticultural Crops, 843–49. Elsevier, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-90899-3.00049-5.
Enoki, Shinichi, and Yoshinori Takahara. "Applications of Biotechnological Approaches in the Product and Breeding of Phalaenopsis Orchids." In Tropical Plant Species [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104597.
Phalaenopsis orchids native to the tropics are called “Moth Orchids”. It is one of the most commercially popular orchids because of its beautiful, colorful, and long-lasting variety of flowers. Biotechnology used in the production and breeding of Phalaenopsis was reviewed in this chapter. In the commercial production of Phalaenopsis, biotechnologies, such as methods of aseptic sowing and tissue culture, have been used for a long time. Recently, molecular phylogenetic analysis of original species and molecular breeding by the transformation of Phalaenopsis has been actively studied. The role of biotechnology in the Phalaenopsis orchid industry is significant, and the development of the technology in this field will bring further benefits to researchers, producers, and fancier of Phalaenopsis orchids.
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"Bog Orchids." In Summer Wildflowers of the Northeast, 65–73. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvsn3mt8.13.
Semiarti, Endang. "Orchid biotechnology for Indonesian orchids conservation and industry." In INVENTING PROSPEROUS FUTURE THROUGH BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND TROPICAL BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5050118.
Shmatov, Sergey Sergeevich. "These amazing orchids." In 4th International Research and Practical Conference for Pupils, Chair Larisa Nikolaevna Shvedova. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-118211.
Hariyadi, Itra, Fauziyah Harahap, and Melva Silitonga. "Response Formation of Cattleya Orchid Leaf Callus (<i>Cattleya</i> Sp.) with the Addition of <i>2.4 Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid </i>and <i>6-Benzyl Amino Purine In Vitro</i>." In The 4th International Conference on Science and Technology Applications. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-6rj5x0.
Orchid Cattleya sp. has a very high commercial value in the market both locally and internationally. Although the price of the orchid tends to be expensive, the value it has is much more expensive. So cattleya is always a top priority for hobbyists and collectors [1]. Cattleya is one of the orchid genera that have flowers with large sizes and is known as "The Queen of Orchids" because it has the beauty of color variations in its flowers [2]. In addition to having beauty in its flowers, bright flower color, and fragrant smell, Cattleya Orchid in general has a large flower size compared to other orchid flowers [3]. This study aimed to determine the best combination for callus growth from the orchid leaf explant Cattleya sp. with the combination of media using the ingredients MS + 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (0; 0.3; 0.6 ppm) and 2.4 Dechlorophenoxy Acetic Acid (0; 1; 2; 3 ppm) with three repetitions for each treatment. The data from the study showed that the best concentration to spur the growth of the callus of the explanatory orchid leaves of Cattleya sp. At the treatment of 2.4-D 1 ppm + BAP 0.6 ppm with a percentage of callus formed about 60% with a green callus color and compact callus texture and medium callus growth (++).
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Videnov, Krum, Vanya Stoykova, Miroslav Vasilev, Zlatin Zlatev, Mariya Georgieva-Nikolova, and Petya Yordanova. "Improvement of the irrigation system for orchids." In CompSysTech '21: International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies '21. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3472410.3472436.
Ben Younes, Romdhane, Guy Tremblay, and Guy Bégin. "Extending orchids for intrusion detection in 802.11 wireless networks." In the 8th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1416729.1416740.
Wang, Wei-Jhen, Chia-Hwa Lee, Chin-Wen Li, Stephen Liao, Fuh-Jyh Jan, and Gou-Jen Wang. "Direct Label Free Detection of Orchid Virus Using a Micro/Nano Hybrid Structured Biosensor." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97198.
Abstract In this study, a label-free detection approach for effective detection of the odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) infected orchids has been developed. We used semiconductor fabrication process to fabricate 1,810 micro/nano hybrid structured sensing electrodes on a 8 inch reclaimed wafer. The self-assembled monolayer (SAM) process was then employed to sequentially modify the electrode surface with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11-MUA), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC)/ N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), anti-ORSV, and ORSV. EIS was conducted for the ORSV concentration detection. Experimental results demonstrated that the ORSV concentration in a virus infected orchid leaf could be effectively detected. When compared with the ELISA kit, our device possesses a wider linear detection range (0.5–50,000 ng/mL) and a higher sensitivity. The specificity of our device on ORSV detection was also confirmed. Our sensing device retains advantages, such as label-free, lower amounts of the antibody and target sample required, low detection time, and a wider linear detection range. Those results imply the feasibility of our sensing device in field applications.
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Byers, Kelsey J. R. P. "From orchids to monkeyflowers: How floral volatiles shape pollinator behavior." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94292.
Yeh, Chun-Hsien, Ying-Hao Yu, Pei-Yin Chen, Chih-Yuan Lien, and Jian-He Lin. "Mobile Nursery Construction with Alignment of Sensors for Orchids Breeding." In 2013 Second International Conference on Robot, Vision and Signal Processing (RVSP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rvsp.2013.74.
Yu, Ying-Hao, Chun-Hsien Yeh, Yuh-Kuang Chen, Ping-Hsuan Lai, Pei-Yin Chen, and Chih-Yuan Lien. "A Practical Survey of Evaporative Cooling System for Orchids Greenhouse." In 2013 Second International Conference on Robot, Vision and Signal Processing (RVSP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rvsp.2013.75.
Liu, Hong, Paulo Olivas, and James Lange. An inventory study on the cigar orchid (Cyrtopodium punctatum) in Big Cypress National Preserve: Final report. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302454.
The cigar orchid is a Florida state-listed endangered species, made rare in southern Florida by historical over-collection for its unique beauty, in addition to habitat loss. It is largely restricted to a small number of cypress domes and freshwater sloughs in southwestern Florida, including the Big Cypress National Preserve (BICY). We established a baseline dataset on the population of cigar orchid at BICY, based on extensive field surveys within the following seven regions: Fire Prairie Trail-East, Gator Hook Trail, Florida Trail, Nobles Grade, North of Tamiami Trail (mainly the Skillet Strand and Monument Lake), the Oasis strands, and North of I-75. These regions were chosen based on past or current known occurrences of cigar orchids. We conducted a total of 25 field searches of cigar orchids in BICY. We found a total of 85 cigar orchids and recorded their GPS locations along with their microhabitat information, including host tree species, host tree diameter at breast height, location of individual and orientation on host tree. The total search area across regions totaled 284.9 ha (705 acres).
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O'Neill, Sharman, Abraham Halevy, and Amihud Borochov. Molecular Genetic Analysis of Pollination-Induced Senescence in Phalaenopsis Orchids. United States Department of Agriculture, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1991.7612837.bard.
The project investigated the molecular genetic and biochemical basis of pollination-induced senescence of Phalaenopsis flowers. This experimental system offered unique advantages in that senescence is strictly regulated by pollination, providing the basis to experimentally initiate and synchronize senescence in populations of flowers. The postpollination syndrome in the Phalaenopsis orchid system was dissected by investigating the temporal and spatial regulation of ACC synthase gene expression. In the stigma, pollen-borne auxin induces the expression of the auxin-regulated ACC synthase (PS-ACS2) gene, resulting in ACC synthesis within 1 h following pollination. Newly formed ACC is oxidized by basal constitutive ACC oxidase to ethylene, which then induces the expression of the ethylene-regulated ACC synthase(PS-ACS1) and oxidase (ACO1) genes for further autocatalytic production of ethylene. It is speculated that during the 6-h period following pollination, emasculation leads to the production or release of a sensitivity factor that sensitizes the cells of the stigma to ethylene. ACC and ethylene molecules are translocated from the stigma to the labellum and perianth where ethylene induces the expression of PS-ACS1 and ACO1 resulting in an increased production of ACC and ethylene. Organ-localized ethylene is responsible for inrolling and senescence of the labellum and perianth. The regulation of ethylene sensitivity and signal transduction events in pollinated flowers was also investigated. The increase in ethylene sensitivity appeared in both the flower column and the perianth, and was detected as early as 4 h after pollination. The increase in ethylene sensitivity following pollination was not dependent on endogenous ethylene production. Application of linoleic and linoleic acids to Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium flowers enhanced their senescence and promoted ethylene production. Several major lipoxygenase pathway products including JA-ME, traumatic acid, trans-2-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol, also enhanced flower senescence. However, lipoxygenase appears to not be directly involved in the endogenous regulation of pollination-induced Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium flower senescence. The data suggest that short-chain saturated fatty acids may be the ethylene "sensitivity factors" produced following pollination, and that their mode of action involves a decrease in the order of specific regions i the membrane lipid bilayer, consequently altering ethylene action. Examination of potential signal transduction intermediates indicate a direct involvement of GTP-binding proteins, calcium ions and protein phosphorylation in the cellular signal transduction response to ethylene following pollination. Modulations of cytosolic calcium levels allowed us to modify the flowers responsiveness to ethylene.
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Nikander, P., J. Laganier, and F. Dupont. An IPv6 Prefix for Overlay Routable Cryptographic Hash Identifiers (ORCHID). RFC Editor, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4843.
Bezukh, E. P., and G. P. Atroshchenko. Intense uterine-cherenka orchards of apple and pear. Известия Санкт-Петербургского аграрного университета, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0131-5226-2018-11979.
Tyler, Jess. Effectiveness of Pollinator Enhancements in Portland Community Orchards. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6347.
Cohen, Yehezkiel, Glenn Hoffman, Marcel Fuchs, Harry I. Nightingale, Samuel Moreshet, and Robert B. Hutmacher. Irrigation Scheduling of Orchards Bases on Direct Measurements of Transpiration. United States Department of Agriculture, February 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1987.7566751.bard.
Hoy, James B., and Michael I. Haverty. Pest management in Douglas-fir seed orchards: a microcomputer decision method. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-gtr-108.
Holterman, H. J., J. C. van der Zande, J. F. M. Huijsmans, and M. Wenneker. Development of a spray drift model for spray applications in fruit orchards. Wageningen: Stichting Wageningen Research, Wageningen Plant Research, Business Unit Agrosystems Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/442091.
Sisson, Adam, Mark L. Gleason, and Jean C. Batzer. New Methods of Integrated Pest Management for Apple Orchards in the Midwest. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2679.
Laganier, J., and F. Dupont. An IPv6 Prefix for Overlay Routable Cryptographic Hash Identifiers Version 2 (ORCHIDv2). RFC Editor, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc7343.
