Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Orbiviruses'
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Diprose, Jonathan Marlborough. "Structural studies on orbiviruses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365819.
Full textPritchard, Lindsay Ian, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Evolutionary relationships among bluetongue and related orbivuses." Deakin University. School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 1993. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051017.141925.
Full textWeyer, Camilla Theresa. "African horse sickness virus dynamics and host responses in naturally infected horses." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25558.
Full textDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Veterinary Tropical Diseases
unrestricted
Whistler, Toni. "A study of the molecular variation between orbivirus proteins." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003290.
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Horscroft, Nigel John. "Orbivirus non-structural protein NS2 : its role in virus replication." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9b550db6-dd9d-4127-941f-93eab2b6e038.
Full textRiegler, Lutz. "Variation in African horse sickness virus and its effect on the vector competence of culicoides biting midges." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843/.
Full textJacquet, Stéphanie. "Invasions biologiques et maladies émergentes en santé animale : expansion et colonisation du bassin méditerranéen par Culicoides imicola (Diptera Ceratopogonidae), moucheron vecteur d'Orbivirus." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS163/document.
Full textBiological invasions are of major concern because of their environmental, economic and health consequences. Determining and understanding the factors underlying the invasion success of species allow predicting potential other biological invasions, and developing vector control strategies. Culicoides imicola is a major vector species of Orbivirus, including the bluetongue virus (BTV) which affects domestic ruminants. Following BT emergence in the Mediterranean basin, C. imicola populations were recorded in territories where the species was considered to be absent, and consequently was described as expanding its range expansion on a short period. This Phd work describes a set of studies aiming at understanding the colonization history of the Mediterranean basin by C. imicola. The use of a multi-loci approach combining population genetics analyses, Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) methods and mathematical simulations of the atmospheric dispersion of the species enabled to (i) determine the origin of the established populations in the Maghreb and the Middle-East and describe the routes of colonization and the chronology of such events, (ii) define the demographic, evolutionary and temporal characteristics of south-western Europe colonization and (iii) characterize the main factors explaining the successful range expansion of the established populations. The main results of this thesis allow suggesting hypotheses to explain the successful establishment of C. imicola populations in the Mediterranean basin
O'Hara, Rachel Siobhan. "Identification of the genome segments and proteins controlling the virulence of African horsesickness virus." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282749.
Full textAngove, Helen Louise. "The identification of bluetongue virus T-cell epitope(s) in sheep." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260772.
Full textCraig, Anthony Francis. "A comparison of equine orbivirus dynamics on two equine establishments on the East Rand Gauteng Province South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53322.
Full textDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
tm2016
Veterinary Tropical Diseases
MSc
Santos, Vanderlan Warlington Souza dos. "Aspectos tecnológicos dos rebanhos ovinos e caracterização epidemiológica da Língua Azul nos estados do Nordeste." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2018. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/846.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The objective of this work was to determine the epidemiological situation of Bluetongue virus (VLA) infection in sheep herds and to characterize the technological and sanitary aspects in the states of Alagoas (AL), Ceara (CE), Maranhao (MA) , Paraiba (PB), Piaui (PI), Rio Grande do Norte (RN) and Sergipe (SE). For this purpose, 226 farms visited and applied a questionnaire where blood of 2.692 apparently healthy sheep collected. In the present study, a mean prevalence in the northeast of 60,62% (137/226) of positive animal properties and 26,52% (714/2.692) of seropositive sheep. A mean VLA seroprevalence of 33,06% (162/490) in sheep and 82,93% (34/41) in the herds, with at least one positive animal observed in the state of CE. In AL, a seroprevalence of 2,55% was observed (7/275) from the animals and 21.74% (5/23) on farms. In the MA State, 64,13% (177/276) of the animals and 100% (23/23) of the herds were positive. Regarding the RN State, of the 33 properties surveyed, 12 (36,36%) had seroreagents and 16 of the animals studied (4,04%) were positive. In PB State, 2,82% (8/284) of the sheep were seroreagent and of the 24 farms analyzed, 2 (8,33%) presented a positive animal. In the PI, 76,98% (291/378) of the animals and all the properties (32/32) were seroreagent. In SE State, 894% (53/593) of the sheep were positive and 58,0% (29/50) in the sampled herds showed positivity. There was a significant association (p <0,05) regarding the sex, age and degree of kinship of the animals. The acquisition of animals for replacement of the herds (p <0,05) (odds ratio = 5,87, 95% CI = 2,06-16,76, p = 0,001) was identified as a risk factor for BTV in the evaluated states. In this study, the technological and sanitary aspects verified that the breeding system most adopted in the Northeast was the extensive (84,07%), with the activity directed mainly to meat (84,07%). It was verified that the animals were handled in sheepfolds on 68,14% of the properties. The predominance of joint rearing with goats and cattle was too observed. It was verified that 81,42% of the properties had some kind of technical assistance and that only 31,86% of the owners invest in their professional qualification of the employees. The most adopted practices on farms were cleaning the facilities (67,70%) and disposal of animals (80,09%). It was observed that 60,18% of the farms apply some type of vaccine. It was also observed that worm was the biggest problem faced in sheep farms (97,80%), and 96,02% of the producers used vermifugation as the control method. Other health problems frequently reported by the interviewees were Myiasis (93,83%), Caseous Lymphadenitis (89,87%), Pododermatitis (87,67%) and Bronchopneumonia (81,94%). The results obtained in this work indicate that the BTV is present in the sheep herds of the states analyzed and that the exploitation of these in the Northeast has low technological level. It was also verified that the control of the diseases of these states is deficient, which explains, in part, the low productivity of the herds
O escopo deste trabalho foi determinar a situação epidemiológica da infecção pelo vírus da Língua Azul (VLA) e caracterizar os aspectos tecnológicos e sanitários nos rebanhos ovinos dos estados de Alagoas (AL), Ceará (CE), Maranhão (MA), Paraíba (PB), Piauí (PI), Rio Grande do Norte (RN) e Sergipe (SE). Para tanto, foram visitadas e aplicados questionários em 226 propriedades, onde coletou-se o soro de 2.692 ovinos, aparentemente saudáveis. Observou-se uma prevalência média no nordeste de 60,62% (137/226) de propriedades com animais positivos e 26,52% (714/2692) de ovinos soropositivos. No CE houve uma soroprevalência média do VLA de 33,06% (162/490) nos ovinos, e de 82,93% (34/41) nas propriedades com pelo menos um animal positivo. Em AL, foi verificada uma soroprevalência de 2,55% (7/275) nos animais, e de 21,74% (5/23) nos criatórios. Já no MA, 64,13% (177/276) dos animais e 100% (23/23) dos rebanhos foram positivos. Em relação ao RN, das 33 propriedades pesquisadas, 12 (36,36%) tiveram sororreagentes e dos 396 animais estudados, 16 (4,04%) foram positivos. Na PB, 2,82% (8/284) dos ovinos foram sororreagentes e dos 24 rebanhos analisados, 2 (8,33%) apresentaram animal positivo. No PI, 76,98% (291/378) dos animais e todas as propriedades (32/32) foram sororeagentes. Em SE, 8,94% (53/593) dos ovinos foram positivos e nos rebanhos amostrados, 58% (29/50) apresentaram positividade. Houve associação significativa (p<0,05) quanto ao sexo, idade e grau de sangue dos animais. A aquisição (compra) de animais para reposição do plantel (p<0,05) (odds ratio = 5,87; IC 95% = 2,06-16,76; p=0,001) foi identificada como fator de risco para Língua Azul nos estados avaliados. No estudo dos aspectos tecnológicos e sanitários verificou-se que o sistema de criação mais adotado no Nordeste foi o extensivo (84,07%), com a atividade voltada majoritariamente para corte (84,07%), sendo verificado que os animais eram manejados em apriscos em 68,14% das propriedades. Foi observada a predominância de criação conjunta com caprinos e com bovinos. Verificou-se que 81,42% das propriedades possuíam algum tipo de assistência técnica e que apenas 31,86% dos proprietários investiam na qualificação profissional de seus funcionários. As práticas mais adotadas nas fazendas foram a limpeza das instalações (67,70%) e o descarte de animais (80,09%). Quanto à vacinação dos rebanhos, foi observado que 60,18% dos criatórios aplica algum tipo de vacina. Observou-se, também, que a verminose foi o maior problema enfrentado nos criatórios de ovinos (97,80%), sendo que 96,02% dos produtores utilizam como método de controle a vermifugação. Outros problemas sanitários frequentemente relatados pelos entrevistados foram a Miíase (93,83%), Linfadenite Caseosa (89,87%), Pododermatite (87,67%) e Broncopneumonia (81,94%). Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho indicam que o VLA encontra-se presente nos ovinos dos estados analisados e que a exploração destes no Nordeste possui baixo nível tecnológico. Verificou-se, também, que o controle das enfermidades destes estados é deficiente, o que explica, em parte, a baixa produtividade dos rebanhos
2018-03-19
Mathieu, Bruno. "Les espèces de Culicoides du sous-genre Avaritia (Diptera : Ceratopogonidae) dans le monde : révision systématique et taxonomique des espèces d'intérêt dans la transmission d'Orbivirus." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/MATHIEU_Bruno_2011.pdf.
Full textSailleau, Corinne. "Typage moléculaire du virus de la peste équine par amplification génique. Etude de la protéine non-structurale NS3 et application au diagnostic sérologique." Paris, EPHE, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EPHE3025.
Full textBurger, Liesel. "Silencing African horsesickness virus VP7 protein expression in vitro by RNA interference." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06262008-125200.
Full textLefèvre, Pierre-Charles. "Recherches sur la répartition biogéographique de deux virus des petits ruminants sur le continent africain : influence des facteurs écologiques." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120042.
Full textBen, Dhaou Sameh. "Etude de la maladie épizootique hémorragique en Tunisie." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0023/document.
Full textThe epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an arthropod-borne virus that is on the OIE’s list (World Animal Health Organisation, formerly Office international des épizooties), this disease is mainly transmitted to wild (mainly deer) as well as domestic (primarily cattle) ruminants, by the bites of minute size midges, the culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) also known as biting midges. In the beginning of the 21st century, EHD was emerged in Maghreb (North Africa) and in the Middle East (Turkey, Israel, Jordan), causing severe losses for the farmers and ranchers.The unexpected emergency of EHDV in Tunisia in 2006, simultaneously with the observation of EHDV-6 cases in Morocco and Algeria, has aroused great concern in the Tunisian agricultural sector, which had already to face the occurrence of other animal diseases orbivirus: African horse sickness in 1966 and bluetongue in 1999 giving examples of the possibility that deemed exotic disease could emerge and become endemic (case bluetongue).This project was carried out to raise the knowledge on the EHDV virus causing the infection in Tunisia in 2006, which led to the appearance of clinical signs similar to those of BTV.First, we prepared a sampling of various samples of cattle, Culicoides type imicola collected in 2006 and stored at the serum bank of IRVT. So, we searched therefore the genome of the EHDV by RT-PCR in order to characterize and isolate the virus. Results showed that EHDV-6 was actually the serotype circulating in Tunisia in 2006. This part of the job was published in Acta Veterinaria Hungarica.The second working paper concerned the potential presence of the EHDV-6 in Tunisia before and after the epidemic of 2006 in two animal species: cattle and camels. For this we looked for antibodies or viral genome from field samples collected from 2000 to 2014 cattle and camels. Following this study, we detected a possible circulation of EHDV-6 at a very low level of intensity among the cattle. The found results were discussed and made the subject of a publication to be in the newspaper Veterinaria iItaliana.Regarding the study on the dromedary species sensitive to BTV, we wanted to examine its potential role as a reservoir species for EHD virus. All serological and virological results of our study indicate that this species does not seem to play a role in the epidemiology of EHD.Finally, alongside these researches on EHD virus, we have investigated the presence of Bluetongue Virus in Tunisian samples from camels and cattle. The results were discussed.All these studies contribute to a better knowledge of EHDV-6 present in Tunisia and allows taking into account some species that are potentially reservoir. Some presented researches could be pursued to assess the role of the camel as a reservoir for Orbivirus and better identify species of the faunal inventory of Culicoides involved in transmission of orbivirus
Vazeille, Marie-Christine. "Etude de quelques virus de dipteres comme modele pour la transmission verticale des arbovirus chez les insectes." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF21064.
Full textTemmam, Sarah. "Caractérisation des communautés virales de vecteurs & réservoirs de zoonoses : exemples des culicoïdes et de la viande de brousse." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5004/document.
Full textZoonoses are responsible of more than two thirds of human viral infections. The development of high-throughput sequencing tools and their application in metagenomics allow inventorying the viral communities of various reservoirs in order to detect the emergence of viruses before their infection to humans. In this context, I characterized the viral communities of simian bushmeat illegally imported into France and of Culicoides biting midges, recognized vectors of several viruses of human and veterinary medicine importance. I have first developed a protocol for the purification of RNA viromes which allowed maintaining the infectivity of viral particles. This protocol was subsequently applied to characterize viral communities of bloodsucking arthropods and wildlife samples. In a second part I realized the inventory of viral communities of smoked simian bushmeat illegally imported into France and confiscated by the French customs. This study revealed the presence of a wide diversity of bacteriophages, in which some of them could infect bacteria potentially pathogenic for humans.Finally I characterized the viral communities of Culicoides biting midges collected in Senegal, which revealed the presence of sequences related to several giant DNA viruses infecting amoeba. Sequencing of the RNA virome revealed the presence of several arboviruses that could constitute a risk of emergence of zoonoses for humans.The prediction of future emerging zoonotic viruses is very difficult, if not impossible. However the characterization of viral communities present in the different actors of zoonotic transmission cycle is a first step to evaluate potential risks of transmission to humans
Grimaud, René. "Dynamique des populations de Culicoides à l’île de La Réunion, moucherons vecteurs d’orbiviroses." Thesis, La Réunion, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LARE0034.
Full textCattle farms in Reunion Island regularly experience outbreaks of "bavites", a local term designing diseases due to epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and bluetongue virus (BTV), two orbiviruses transmitted by hematophagous midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Several serotypes of these two orbiviruses circulate in Reunion Island and are responsible for economic losses and deterioration in the health status of bovine livestock. Among the 5 species of Culicoides recorded in Reunion Island, Culicoides imicola, Culicoides bolitinos, Culicoides enderleini, Culicoides grahamii, and Culicoides kibatiensis, at least the first two are vectors of BTV and EHDV to ruminants. In this context, it seems important to characterize the ecology and to specify the vector role of Culicoides in Reunion Island. The aims of this work are to i) determine the environmental and climatic factors that govern the presence and abundance of each Culicoides species on the island; ii) model their temporal and spatio-temporal dynamics; iii) identify the species potentially involved in the transmission of the two orbiviruses and characterize the circulation of these two viruses in local Culicoides populations. A longitudinal survey consisting in bimonthly collections of midges in 11 sites during 26 months enabled characterizing and modelling the temporal dynamics of the different Culicoides species using hurdle statistical models in order to identify environmental and climatic drivers of their dynamics. These dynamic models were then spatialized using Ocelet spatial dynamics software and validated using data originating from a large trapping campaign carried out in 101 sites throughout the island. Finally, the screening of 1500 monospecific pools of Culicoides for EHDV and BTV by polymerase chain reaction enabled detecting each virus in 4 of the 5 species of Culicoides: BTV was detected in all species except C. grahamii and EHDV in all species except C. enderleini. The work carried out during this thesis therefore contributed to improve knowledge of the vector ecology in relation to EHDV and BTV transmission in Reunion Island and, in the absence of prevention methods such as vaccination and vector control strategies, to develop approaches to specify the risk of transmission of these two viruses
Van, der Sluis Rencia. "Comparison of functional domains of the cytotoxic protein NS3 of different orbiviruses." Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26796.
Full textDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2009.
Genetics
unrestricted
Van, den Bout Jan Iman. "Characterization of VP4, a minor core protein of African horse sickness virus with putative capping enzyme activity." Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24371.
Full textDissertation (MSc(Genetics))--University of Pretoria, 2005.
Genetics
unrestricted
Brandt, Nora Elena. "Inhibition des Interferon-Beta-Systems durch Tribec-Virus." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-000D-F040-A.
Full textFreeman, Michelle. "The molecular characterization of equine encephalosis virus non-structural protein NS3." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27759.
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