Relevant bibliographies by topics / Orbital contribution

Academic literature on the topic 'Orbital contribution'

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Published: 1 April 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Orbital contribution"

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Swartz, J. M., E. K. Weitzel, and K. C. McMains. "Contribution of the medial orbital floor to endoscopic orbital decompression." Rhinology journal 49, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino09.185.

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PROBLEM: This study explores contribution of the orbital floor to mechanical outcomes of orbital decompressions. METHOD OF STUDY: Endoscopic medial wall orbital decompressions with and without extensive medial orbital floor removal (OFR) were performed on opposite sides of ten thawed fresh-frozen cadaver heads Bone removal was compared on pre- and post-dissection CT scans and after orbital exenteration. RESULTS: Bony removal in the anterior orbital apex was significantly better after OFR (117 vs 66, p < 0.0001). An average of 10.3% (range 0 - 45.5%) of the orbital floor directly under the globe was removed with the OFR technique. The orbital floor preservation (OFP) technique resulted in average bone removal of 3.6 cm2, whereas OFR decompression resulted in average of 5.7 cm2 (p = 0.0003). Post-operative recession of the globe was significant in both arms of the study relative to the unoperated state (OFP averaged 2.99 mm decompression, p = 0.001 and OFR averaged 4.25 mm decompression, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic removal of the medial orbital floor when performed in addition to medial wall decompression removes > 60% more orbital bone and an additional 51 of orbital apex bone. Extensive endoscopic removal of the mid-portion of the medial orbital floor results in bone loss beneath the globe itself.
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Trapp, Melissa L., Jonathan K. Watts, Noham Weinberg, and B. Mario Pinto. "Component analysis of the X-C-Y anomeric effect (X = O, S; Y = F, OMe, NHMe) by DFT molecular orbital calculations and natural bond orbital analysis." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 84, no. 4 (April 1, 2006): 692–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v06-048.

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Six 2-Y-substituted oxacyclohexane and thiacyclohexane heterocycles (Y = F, OMe, NHMe) were examined using DFT molecular orbital calculations. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis of the total energy behaviour yielded the orbital-interaction factors contributing to the conformational equilibria. The dipole moments of the optimized systems were used to estimate the electrostatic contributions to the anomeric effect. The primary determinant of the X-C-Y anomeric effect was found to be the orbital interaction components associated with the combined endo- and exo-anomeric effects acting in concert in the axial conformers. Electrostatic interactions made a contribution to the observed conformer stabilization in all cases, but did not account for the relative magnitudes of the energy differences among conformers of homologous molecules. In the case of the methylamino substituent, accentuated steric interactions in the axial conformer precluded stabilization by the exo-anomeric interaction and consequently, the net endo/exo anomeric stabilization did not dominate the conformational equilibria.Key words: anomeric effect, component analysis, natural bond orbital analysis, electrostatic, steric, and orbital interaction effects.
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Momeni-Feili, Maryam, Firooz Arash, Fatemeh Taghavi-Shahri, and Abolfazl Shahveh. "Contribution of orbital angular momentum to the nucleon spin." International Journal of Modern Physics A 32, no. 06n07 (March 8, 2017): 1750036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x17500361.

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We have calculated the orbital angular momentum of quarks and gluons in the nucleon. The calculations are carried out in the next to leading order utilizing the so-called valon model. It is found that the average quark orbital angular momentum is positive, but small, and the average gluon orbital angular momentum is negative and large. We also report on some regularities about the total angular momentum of the quarks and the gluon, as well as on the orbital angular momentum of the separate partons. We have also provided partonic angular momentum, [Formula: see text] as a function of [Formula: see text].
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Janicki, Rafał, and Przemysław Starynowicz. "Analysis of charge density in nonaaquagadolinium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate – insight into GdIII—OH2 bonding." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 76, no. 4 (July 8, 2020): 572–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520620006903.

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The experimental charge-density distribution in [Gd(H2O)9](CF3SO3)3 has been analysed and compared with the theoretical density functional theory calculations. Although the Gd—OH2 bonds are mainly ionic, a covalent contribution is detectable when inspecting both the topological parameters of these bonds and the natural bond orbital results. This contribution originates from small electron transfer from the lone pairs of oxygen atoms to empty 5d and 6s spin orbitals of Gd3+.
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Lein, Matthias, and Gernot Frenking. "Chemical Bonding in Octahedral XeF6 and SF6." Australian Journal of Chemistry 57, no. 12 (2004): 1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch04113.

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Quantum chemical density functional theory calculations have been carried out for octahedral XeF6 and SF6 at the BP86/TZ2P level with relativistic effects included by the ZORA approximation. The energy decomposition analysis of XeF6 and SF6 using neutral and charged fragments EF5 + F and EF5+ + F− as well as E + F6 and E6+ + F66− indicates that the dominant E–F orbital interactions take place between σ-orbitals which have t1u symmetry in the octahedral point group. The contribution of the a1g orbitals is negligible in the 16 valence electron compound XeF6. The a1g contribution becomes larger in the 14 valence electron species SF6 but it is less important than the t1u term. The bonding between the neutral species comes mainly from covalent (orbital) interactions but the quasiclassical electrostatic attraction significantly contributes to the attractive interactions. The bonding which comes from the ΔEorb term is compensated by the Pauli repulsion ΔEPauli. The sum of ΔEorb and ΔEPauli is repulsive for XeF6 and SF6, which would not be stable molecules without quasiclassical electrostatic attraction.
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Dahal, Shiva, Gyanu Kafle, Gopi Chandra Kaphle, and Narayan Prasad Adhikari. "Study of Electronic and Magnetic Properties of CuPd, CuPt, Cu3Pd and Cu3Pt: Tight Binding Linear Muffin-Tin Orbitals Approach." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 19, no. 1 (November 8, 2015): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v19i1.13839.

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Electronic structure of ordered alloys CuPd, CuPt, Cu3Pd and Cu3Pt have been studied using Tight Binding Linear Muffin-Tin Orbitals Atomic Sphere Approximation (TB-LMTO-ASA). For the electronic properties, we have performed band structure calculations. Our findings show that all the systems considered are metallic in nature. To know the contribution of the orbitals in the bands, the system is analyzed via fat bands which reveal most of the contributions on valence band for CuPd, CuPt, Cu3Pd and Cu3Pt is from d-orbital and on conduction band is from s and p-orbitals. We have also checked the magnetic properties of the alloys. The density of states for spin up and spin down electrons have found to be same in each and every steps, showing non-magnetic nature of CuPd, CuPt, Cu3Pd and Cu3Pt.Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 2014, 19(1): 137-144
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Crespo, Paula M., Oscar F. Odio, and Edilso Reguera. "Photochemistry of Metal Nitroprussides: State-of-the-Art and Perspectives." Photochem 2, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 390–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photochem2020027.

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This contribution summarizes the current state in the photochemistry of metal nitroprussides, which is dominated by the electronic structure of the nitrosyl group. From the combination of p orbitals of the nitrogen and oxygen atoms in the NO+ ligand, a π*NO molecular orbital of relatively low energy is formed, which has π*2px and π*2py character. This is a double degenerate orbital. When the nitrosyl group is found coordinated to the iron atom in the nitroprusside ion, the availability of that low energy π*NO orbital results in light-induced electronic transitions from the iron atom dxy, dxz and dyz orbitals, 2b2 (xy) → 7e (π*NO) and 6e (xz,yz) → 7e (π*NO), which are observed at 498 and 394 nm, respectively. These light-induced transitions and the possibility of NO isomer formation dominate the photochemistry of metal nitroprussides. In this feature paper, we discuss the implications of such transitions in the stability of coordination compounds based on the nitroprusside ion in the presence of water molecules for both 3D and 2D structures, including the involved degradation mechanisms. These photo-induced electronic transitions modify the physical and functional properties of solids where the nitroprusside ion forms part of their structure and appear as an opportunity for tuning their magnetic, electrical, optical and as energy-applied materials, for instance. This contribution illustrates these opportunities with results from some recently reported studies, and possible research subjects, even some not explored, are mentioned.
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Sazonov, Andrew, Vladimir Hutanu, Martin Meven, and Gernot Heger. "Orbital contribution to the magnetic moment in Co2SiO4." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 65, a1 (August 16, 2009): s68—s69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767309098675.

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Nauenberg, Michael. "Robert Hooke?s Seminal Contribution to Orbital Dynamics." Physics in Perspective 7, no. 1 (March 2005): 4–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00016-004-0226-y.

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Wang, Ruijing, Shubin Yang, and Qingzhong Li. "Coinage-Metal Bond between [1.1.1]Propellane and M2/MCl/MCH3 (M = Cu, Ag, and Au): Cooperativity and Substituents." Molecules 24, no. 14 (July 17, 2019): 2601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24142601.

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A coinage-metal bond has been predicted and characterized in the complexes of [1.1.1]propellane (P) and M2/MCl/MCH3 (M = Cu, Ag, and Au). The interaction energy varies between −16 and −47 kcal/mol, indicating that the bridgehead carbon atom of P has a good affinity for the coinage atom. The coinage-metal bond becomes stronger in the Ag < Cu < Au sequence. Relative to M2, both MCl and MCH3 engage in a stronger coinage-metal bond, both -Cl and -CH3 groups showing an electron-withdrawing property. The formation of coinage-metal bonding is mainly attributed to the donation orbital interactions from the occupied C-C orbital into the empty metal orbitals and a back-donation from the occupied d orbital of metal into the empty C-C anti-bonding orbital. In most complexes, the coinage-metal bond is dominated by electrostatic interaction, with moderate contribution of polarization. When P binds simultaneously with two coinage donors, negative cooperativity is found. Moreover, this cooperativity is prominent for the stronger coinage-metal bond.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Orbital contribution"

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Thery, Vincent. "Contribution à la modélisation de la réactivité dans les macromolécules biologiques." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10262.

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Cette thèse présente une nouvelle méthodologie mixte quantique/classique, dans le but d'étudier un processus chimique dans une macromolécule biologique. La méthode LSCF (local self consistent field), a été développé afin de traiter un sous-système (site actif d'une protéine) à l'aide des méthodes de la chimie quantique, alors que le reste de la macromolécule est traite de façon classique. L'idée novatrice de cette méthode, est de ne pas isoler chimiquement le sous-système quantique du sous-système classique, afin de conserver une certaine continuité de la chaine polypeptidique en vue d'appliquer ultérieurement la mécanique moléculaire sur l'ensemble de la macromolécule. La méthode LSCF est ensuite testée sur un tetrapeptide gly-arg-glu-gly dans lequel le processus de transfert intramoléculaire de proton est étudié, puis sur une macromolécule biologique, la dihydrofolate réductase. Enfin le problème de la variation de PKA de l'histidine du lysosyme de phage t4 est abordé
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Flegel, Sven [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Vörsmann. "Multi-Layer Insulation as Contribution to Orbital Debris / Sven Flegel ; Betreuer: Peter Vörsmann." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1175820849/34.

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Caillau, Jean-Baptiste. "Contribution à l'étude du contrôle en temps minimal des transferts orbitaux." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7303/1/caillau.pdf.

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Le contexte de ce travail est la mécanique spatiale. Plus précisément, on s'est intéressé, dans le cadre d'une collaboration avec le Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, au problème du transfert orbital. Le modèle étudié est celui du contrôle en temps minimal d'un satellite que l'on souhaite insérer sur une orbite géostationnaire. Les contributions de cette thèse sont de trois ordres. Géométrique, tout d'abord, puisqu'on étudie la contrôlabilité du système ainsi que la géométrie des transferts (structure de la commande) à l'aide d'outils de contrôle géométrique. Sont ensuite présentées des méthodes de résolution spectrales et pseudo-spectrales utilisant les polynômes de Tchebycheff, puis des algorithmes basés sur un calcul adaptatif de discrétisation par ondelettes. Ces approches permettent de traiter numériquement le cas d'un satellite dont la poussée est forte à moyenne. Pour atteindre le domaine des poussées faibles, caractéristiques de la future propulsion électro-ionique, il faut finalement introduire de nouvelles techniques qui ont en commun d'être paramétriques (paramétrisation par la poussée ou par le critère). L'analyse des propriétés de ces méthodes se fait naturellement à l'aide de résultats de contrôle paramétrique.
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Caillau, Jean-Baptiste Noailles Joseph. "Contribution à l'étude du contrôle en temps minimal des transferts orbitaux." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000133.

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Dujol, Romain Noailles Joseph. "Contribution à l'étude du contrôle optimal des transferts orbitaux mono-entrée." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000336.

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Takada, Shigeki. "Contribution of Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition to the Pathogenesis of Human Cerebral and Orbital Cavernous Malformations." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232474.

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Denguir, Mohsen. "Contribution à l'étude numérique du problème de la synthèse optimale : application au problème du transfert orbital." Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPTA09H.

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Ce travail traite de certains aspects de la question de feedback dans les problèmes de contrôle optimal. Cette question concerne la dépendance de la commande optimale de l'état d'un système (en plus de se dépendance du temps). Après l'introduction du cadre général du travail, nous exposons la méthode dite des extrémales voisines qui consiste à calculer une trajectoire optimale nominale et à apporter la correction nécessaire à la commande lors de l'évolution réelle du système, cette correction étant proportionnelle à la différence constatée entre l'état réel et l'état nominal. Nous nous intéressons ensuite à l'approximation polynomiale de la commande optimale en tant que fonction de l'état et du temps. L'idée se base sur l'approximation successive par les solutions d'une suite d'équations aux dérivées partielles (EVP : équation de la variation de la performance). Des résultats d'existence et d'unicité de la solution de EVP et de la convergence du schéma d'approximation sont prouvées. Dans la dernière partie du travail, la propriété d'approximateurs universels des réseaux de neurones est rappelée et exploitée pour construire une approximation de la commande optimale. L'idée ici est de modéliser la commande par un réseau de neurones (qui est un modèle paramétrique non linéaire) et de chercher les meilleures valeurs pour les paramètres de ce dernier pour approcher le mieux possible une commande optimale. Ainsi transformé, le problème devient un problème de programmation mathématique que l'on résout par les méthodes classiques. Tout le long du travail, des exemples de problèmes significatifs sont traités pour montrer l'efficacité des démarches proposées et les résultats obtenus sont comparés avec ceux de la littérature. Une attention et un traitement particulier sont accordés à un problème de transfert orbital d'un satellite soumis par le Centre National d'Études Spatiales.
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Urrea, Onate Eleuterio Claudio. "Contribution to the problem of orbital stabilization : application to a five degrees of freedom underactuated robot." Grenoble INPG, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPG0143.

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Nous avons considere le problème de la stabilisation orbitale d'une categorie de systèmes electromecaniques sous-actionnes avec un nombre de degres de liberte egal au nombre d'actionneurs moins un. Les conditions pour obtenir la convergence locale ont ete etablies grâce à un algorithme implicite. La methode de contrôle que nous avons proposee contraint le système à arriver sur une orbite perio-dique isolée en produisant un mouvement oscillatoire stable sur l'ensemble du pendule inversé et en faisant usage de l'interaction dynamique entre l'articulation passive et les articulations actives. Cependant, les cycles limite ne sont pas toujours valables du fait des contraintes imposées par la surface de la terre.
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Wei, Wenlong. "Contribution à l'étude et la conception d'antennes pour la génération d'ondes radiofréquences transportant du moment angulaire orbital." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S048/document.

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Il est bien connu dans la théorie de Maxwell que le rayonnement électromagnétique (EM) d'une onde porte à la fois du moment linéaire (énergie) et du moment angulaire. Ce dernier possède deux parties: le Moment Angulaire de Spin (ou SAM) qui est également connu sous le nom de la polarisation et le Moment Angulaire Orbital (ou OAM). Le SAM ne comprend que deux états (gauche et droite) et est utilisé en télécommunications pour doubler la capacité du canal. Par contre, le moment angulaire orbital (OAM) peut en théorie, avoir un nombre infini d'états appelés les modes OAM. Par conséquent, en radiofréquences, les premières applications de l'OAM ont été proposées dans le domaine des communications sans fil. Mais, tout d'abord, il est nécessaire de développer des antennes générant de telles ondes. L'objectif de cette thèse est de concevoir des antennes pour générer des ondes ayant un OAM. Le manuscrit se décompose en trois parties. Dans la première partie, un réseau d'antennes « patches » utilisant un déphaseur original est développé et testé. Ce réseau génère une onde ayant de l'OAM. Dans la deuxième partie, une cavité Fabry-Perot (FP) est utilisée pour apporter plus de directivité à ce réseau d'antennes. Enfin, la troisième partie consiste à générer des ondes guidées possédant du moment OAM. Ces ondes ont ensuite été utilisées pour exciter des antennes en cornet et rayonner des faisceaux directifs transportant du moment angulaire orbital
It is well known from Maxwell’s theory that electromagnetic (EM) radiation carries both linear momentum (energy) and angular momentum. The latter has two parts: Spin Angular Momentum (SAM) which corresponds to the polarization of an EM wave and Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) which is associated with the spatial distribution of an EM wave. The SAM has only two states (left and right) and is used to double the channel capacity in telecommunications. On the other hand, the OAM can theoretically have an infinite number of states called the OAM modes. Therefore, the first applications of OAM have been proposed in wireless communications at radio frequencies. However, first of all, it is necessary to develop the antennas for generating such waves. The objective of this thesis is to design the antennas for the generation of radio waves bearing OAM. The manuscript contains three parts. In the first part, an antenna using 4 patches and an original phase shifter is developed and tested to generate an OAM wave. In the second part, a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity is used to enhance the directivity of this antenna. The third part is to generate guided OAM waves. Some horn antennas are used to radiate these waves with good directivity
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Lin, Nan. "Application of attosecond pulses to high harmonic spectroscopy of molecules." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01064138.

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High-order Harmonic Generation (HHG) is an extreme nonlinear process that can be intuitively understood as the sequence of 3 steps: i) tunnel ionization of the target atom/molecule, creating an electronic wave packet (EWP) in the continuum, ii) acceleration of the EWP by the strong laser field and iii) recombination to the core with emission of an attosecond burst of XUV coherent light. HHG thus provides a tunable ultrashort tabletop source of XUV/Soft X-ray radiation on attosecond time scale for applications ('direct' scheme). At the same time, it encodes coherently in the XUV radiation the structure and dynamical charge rearrangement of the radiating atoms/molecules ('self-probing' scheme or High Harmonic Spectroscopy). This thesis is dedicated to both application schemes in attophysics based on advanced characterization and control of the attosecond emission. In the so-called 'self-probing' scheme, the last step of HHG, the electron-ion re-collision can be considered as a probe process and the emission may encode fruitful information on the recombining system, including molecular structure and dynamics. In the first part, we performed high harmonic spectroscopy of N₂O and CO₂ molecules that are (laser-)aligned with respect to the polarization of the driving laser. We implemented two methods based on optical and quantum interferometry respectively in order to characterize the amplitude and phase of the attosecond emission as a function of both photon energy and alignment angle. We discovered new effects in the high harmonic generation, which could not be explained by the structure of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO). Instead, we found that during the interaction with the laser field, two electronic states are coherently excited in the molecular ion and form a hole wave packet moving on an attosecond timescale in the molecule after tunnel ionization. We focused on exploring this coherent electronic motion inside the molecule, and compared the measurements in N₂O and CO₂. The striking difference in the harmonic phase behavior led us to the development of a multi-channel model allowing the extraction of the relative weight and phase of the two channels involved in the emission. An unexpected pi/4 phase shift between the two channels is obtained. Moreover, we studied the attosecond profile of the pulses emitted by these two molecules, and we proposed a simple but flexible way for performing attosecond pulse shaping. In the second part, high harmonic spectroscopy was extended to other molecular systems, including some relatively complex molecules, e.g., SF₆ and small hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, ethylene, acetylene). It revealed many interesting results such as phase distortions not previously reported. For the 'direct' scheme, we photoionized rare gas atoms using well characterized attosecond pulses of XUV coherent radiation combined with an infrared (IR) laser "dressing" field with controlled time delay, stabilized down to about ± 60 as. We evidenced marked differences in the measured angular distributions of the photoelectrons, depending on the number of IR photons exchanged. Joined to a theoretical interpretation, these observations bring new insights into the dynamics of this class of multi-color photoionization processes that are a key step towards studying photoionization in the time domain, with attosecond time resolution.
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Books on the topic "Orbital contribution"

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S, Belton M. J., and Galileo Imaging Science Team, eds. In orbit at Jupiter: Contributions of the Galileo Imaging Science Team. [S.l: s.n., 1999.

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1642-1727, Newton Isaac Sir, ed. Newton's forgotten lunar theory: His contribution to the quest for longitude. Santa Fe, N.M: Green Lion Press, 2000.

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Keegan, Raymond P. LET spectrum generation and proton induced secondary contribution to total dose measured in low earth orbit. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1996.

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Yen, Michael T., ed. Surgery of the Eyelid, Lacrimal System, and Orbit. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195340211.001.0001.

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Surgery of the Eyelids, Lacrimal System, and Orbit, second edition is a richly illustrated text of oculofacial plastic surgery, with contributions from over 50 nationally and internationally recognized expert authors. Extensively updated from the first edition, this comprehensive text details the evaluation and surgical management of conditions ranging from basic functional eyelid malpositions to complex aesthetic facial reconstructions. It is an excellent resource for those in training as well as seasoned practitioners wanting to be updated on the newest techniques in eyelid, lacrimal, and orbital surgery. The added section in aesthetic surgery includes both surgical and nonsurgical techniques for facial rejuvenation such as botulinum toxin injections, facial fillers, and chemical and laser resurfacing. With over 350 figures, the reader will be able to gain an in-depth understanding and step-by-step instruction of basic and advanced oculofacial plastic surgical procedures. The recognized expert contributing authors provide readers with trusted insight into new and advanced surgical techniques. The text is intuitively organized into functional sections including eyelid malpositions, eyelid reconstruction, lacrimal surgery, orbital surgery, and aesthetic facial surgery. Topics include eyelid lacerations and acute adnexal trauma, clinical presentation of eyelid lesions, management of periocular neoplasms, reconstruction of the lower eyelid, reconstruction of the upper eyelid, reconstruction of canthal defects, management of entropion and trichiasis, management of ectropion and floppy eyelids, management of blepharoptosis, management of eyelid retraction, management of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm, management of facial palsy, evaluation of the lacrimal system, management of pediatric nasolacrimal duct obstruction, surgery of the lacrimal system, orbital and periorbital fracture, evaluation & spectrum of orbital disease, surgical exploration of the orbit, surgical decompression of the orbit, optic nerve sheath decompression, management of orbital cellulitis, enucleation and evisceration, orbital Exenteration, complications of the anophthalmic socket, rejuvenation of the forehead and eyebrows, upper eyelid blepharoplasty, lower eyelid and midfacial rejuvenation, chemical and laser resurfacing of the eyelids and face, botulinum toxin injections for facial rhytids, soft tissue fillers for facial aesthetics, and face-lifting techniques.
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Rand, Sebastian. Hegel’s Philosophy of Nature. Edited by Dean Moyar. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199355228.013.18.

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Hegel’s Philosophy of Nature is best understood through its contribution to Hegel’s larger philosophical project of both articulating and actually achieving human freedom. It contributes to this project by showing that nature and natural things are themselves free, in a specific sense of freedom that Hegel critically appropriates from Kant. Hegel demonstrates this freedom of nature through the conceptual transformation of natural-scientific “representations” (laws, kinds, and other universals) into systematically ordered “concrete universals” in which the empirical content of the sciences is preserved and systematized in a way that emphasizes nature’s self-determination, rather than its alleged sheer givenness and “externality.” After a general account of, first, Hegel’s understanding of the natural sciences and their results, and, second, his transformative method, the chapter presents a detailed reconstruction of his treatment of collision, fall, and orbital motion in the Mechanics.
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Golland, Louise. Leonhard Euler's contributions to the method of the variation of the orbital elements. 1991.

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Anrig, Christian F. Air and Space Warfare. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790501.003.0034.

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Through the prism of post-cold-war air campaigns, differing national positions of contributing European air forces, as well as their relative weights and evolving capabilities, are gauged. Since major Western air campaigns have occurred only with substantial US involvement, American capabilities offer natural benchmarks. The issue of breadth versus depth has affected all European air forces. Maintaining a coherent set of aerospace capabilities has proven a challenge even for larger European countries. Smaller countries can pursue only limited ambitions and maintain segments of aerospace power. Nonetheless, selected smaller air forces with the right equipment, training, and attitude have managed to make visible contributions to multinational air campaigns. Air campaigns also spurred Europe’s military space ambitions. Space assets have become indispensable enablers of modern warfare, and selected European countries have deployed important capabilities into orbit.
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Kroes, Rob. Within the United States Orbit: Small National Cultures Vis-A-Vis the United States (European contributions to American studies). Paul & Co Pub Consortium, 1992.

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Sorrentino, Alfonso. Action-minimizing Methods in Hamiltonian Dynamics (MN-50). Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691164502.001.0001.

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John Mather's seminal works in Hamiltonian dynamics represent some of the most important contributions to our understanding of the complex balance between stable and unstable motions in classical mechanics. His novel approach—known as Aubry–Mather theory—singles out the existence of special orbits and invariant measures of the system, which possess a very rich dynamical and geometric structure. In particular, the associated invariant sets play a leading role in determining the global dynamics of the system. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to Mather's theory, and can serve as an interdisciplinary bridge for researchers and students from different fields seeking to acquaint themselves with the topic. Starting with the mathematical background from which Mather's theory was born, the book first focuses on the core questions the theory aims to answer—notably the destiny of broken invariant KAM tori and the onset of chaos—and describes how it can be viewed as a natural counterpart of KAM theory. The book achieves this by guiding readers through a detailed illustrative example, which also provides the basis for introducing the main ideas and concepts of the general theory. It then describes the whole theory and its subsequent developments and applications in their full generality.
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Balyshev, Marat. Astronomical research in Kharkiv at the end of the 19th century – the first half of the 20th century. “Naukova Dumka”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/978-966-00-1863-1.

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The main milestones of the formation and development of astronomical science in Kharkiv during 1883–1945 are reconstructed on the example of the activities of the astronomical observatory of Kharkiv University. During this period, the outstanding worldview science in Kharkiv has achieved significant success: the works of Kharkiv astronomers have received world recognition; a well-known scientific planetary school has been established at the Observatory; the scientific community highly appreciated the research on the physics and chemistry of the Moon, the giant and small planets of the Solar System. The primary goal of the research is to inscribe the history of the university Observatory into the European and world context. Its purpose is to summarize the results of a comprehensive historical ad scientific study of the development of astronomical research in Kharkiv at the end of the 19th century – the first half of the 20th century and identification of ways of further scientific research. The completed research, which continues the problems of works devoted to the study of the history of astronomical science in Ukraine, focuses on expanding the well-known source base by attracting new retro-information resources. In particular, the monograph used a significant array of archival primary sources from almost twenty archival and library institutions of different countries. Most of them were introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, which allowed to determine and specify the sequence of stages of development of astronomical science in Kharkiv during the research period, to clarify and identify the little-known circumstances of the observatory life. The methodological basis of the study is the principles of historism, objectivity and a systematic approach to studying the problem. To solve specific problematic tasks in the monograph, general scientific and specially historical methods were used which allowed to study, analyze and summarize the presented factual material in a complex manner. The main sections of the monograph represent the dynamics of replenishment of the instrumental base of the university observatory, the chronology of the construction of the observatory complex of buildings at the location of the modern Scientific Research Institute of Astronomy of the V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. According to the author’s periodization, the stages of formation of subjects and directions of scientific work of university astronomers have been analyzed, including: seismic observations with the help of horizontal Rebeur-Paschwitz pendulums, research of the activity of the Sun, astrometric observations on the Repsold meridian circle of for the purpose of compiling a catalog of zodiac stars, studying lunar eclipses and meteor showers. The participation of university astronomers in the creation of the plan of the city of Kharkiv and its connection with the general network of precise geometric leveling of the Military Topographic Department of the General Staff; the organization of observations by an expedition of Kharkiv astronomers of the total Solar eclipse of 1914 in Henichesk; the creation of the School-workshop of precision mechanics at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Kharkiv University were considered; information on the participation of Kharkiv astronomers in the events of the civil war during the Ukrainian Revolution was documented. The scientific research activity of Kharkiv astronomers during 1920-1930-s which was devoted to carrying out important astrometric works on meridian observations of star declinations by absolute methods and observations of Kopf-Rentz stars according to the programs of the International Astronomical Union; the initiation of the creation of the Catalog of faint stars; research in astrophysics aimed at studying the physical conditions on the Moon and the Sun, planets and the interstellar environment; performing long series of spectrophotometric observations of the Moon, Jupiter, Mars and Saturn under different conditions of observation; study of the kinematics of stellar systems of different order, the physical parameters and evolution of stars, the morphology of the Galaxy, the nature of the stellar subsurfaces and atmospheres, dust and gas nebulae, new stars and the variability of stars have been considered; the directions of solid works carried out in the field of celestial mechanics, devoted to the dynamics of the minor planets of the Jupiter group, the definition and improvement of the orbits of minor planets have been clarified. The development of amateur astronomy in Kharkiv, in particular, the functioning of circles and societies that directed their activities to the dissemination of astronomical knowledge, was highlighted; the participation of their representatives in astronomical observations at the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory was emphasized. Reconstructed the development of historical events in the 1930s related to the involvement of Soviet and Western astronomers in the processes of political confrontation between the USSR and the Western world; investigated the course of circumstances that prevented the implementation of the project of creating a new modern astronomical center of national importance – the central Ukrainian observatory in Kharkiv; the participation of an expedition of Kharkiv astronomers in the observation of the «great Soviet eclipse» – the total solar eclipse of 1936 – in the North Caucasus is highlighted; established the facts of political «purges» and repressions by the People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs ( the NKVD) in the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory. The activity of the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory has been documented and authentic biographical information about its representatives during the Nazi occupation of 1941–1943, the period of the German-Soviet war, has been presented; the unpopular facts of the forced collaboration of some scientists are highlighted; the process of recovery and reconstruction of the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory after the liberation of the city is characterized. With the aim of researching the personal history of Kharkiv astronomy of the studied period, the monograph presents the results of a historical and biographical study of facts of life and scientific heritage of scientists who fully devoted themselves to Science, laid the foundations for the future development of many directions of modern astronomical research, made a significant contribution to the treasury of the national and European astronomical science, whose activities were connected with the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory, in particular: Grigory Levytsky, Ludwig Struve, Mykola Evdokymov, Otto Struve, Mykola Barabashov, Boris Gerasimovich, Vasil Fesenkov, Oleksiy Razdolsky, Boris Ostashchenko-Kudryavtsev, Nicholas Bobrovnikov, Paraskovia Parkhomenko, Mstislav Savron, Boris Semeykin, Kostyantyn Savchenko and others (25 biographical essays are presented). A significant part of the mentioned factual material was also introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. A separate section of the monograph provides chronologically structured information that reflects the sequence of research work of the Kharkiv Astronomical Observatory employees during the period under study: from astrometric observations of stars and seismic research to spectrohelioscopic and spectroheliographic observations of the Sun and the initiation of the Kharkiv school of planetary science. It is assumed that the materials of the monograph will be used in research work devoted to the study of the process of institutionalization of astronomical research in Kharkiv at the end of the 19th century – the first half of the 20th century.
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Book chapters on the topic "Orbital contribution"

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Hartikainen, Kaisa M., and Robert T. Knight. "Lateral and Orbital Prefrontal Cortex Contributions to Attention." In Detection of Change, 99–116. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0294-4_6.

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Fukushima, Kimichika. "Comparison of Contributions to Interatomic Interactions Between Covalent and Ionic Bonds from Total Energy Calculations." In The DV-Xα Molecular-Orbital Calculation Method, 135–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11185-8_5.

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Tapley, B. D., B. E. Schutz, R. J. Eanes, J. C. Ries, and M. M. Watkins. "Lageos laser ranging contributions to geodynamics, geodesy, and orbital dynamics." In Contributions of Space Geodesy to Geodynamics: Earth Dynamics, 147–73. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gd024p0147.

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Sakurai, Takashi. "Hinode’s Contributions to Solar Physics." In First Ten Years of Hinode Solar On-Orbit Observatory, 19–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7742-5_2.

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Niaz, Mansoor. "Understanding Valence Bond and Molecular Orbital Models: Contingency at Work." In Chemistry Education and Contributions from History and Philosophy of Science, 143–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26248-2_6.

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Schutz, B. E., M. K. Cheng, R. J. Eanes, C. K. Shum, and B. D. Tapley. "Geodynamic results from Starlette orbit analysis." In Contributions of Space Geodesy to Geodynamics: Earth Dynamics, 175–90. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gd024p0175.

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Hiai, Fumio, and Yoshihiro Nakamura. "L p -Distance between Unitary Orbits in Type IIIλ Factors." In Contributions to Operator Theory and its Applications, 99–113. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8581-2_6.

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Chen, Qian, Junping Chen, Yize Zhang, Shan Wu, and Xiuqiang Gong. "Analysis of BDS Satellite Clock Prediction Contribution to Rapid Orbit Recovery." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 399–407. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0014-1_34.

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Loyer, Sylvain, Sean Bruinsma, Damien Tamagnan, Jean-Michel Lemoine, Felix Perosanz, and Richard Biancale. "STAR Accelerometer Contribution to Dynamic Orbit and Gravity Field Model Adjustment." In First CHAMP Mission Results for Gravity, Magnetic and Atmospheric Studies, 85–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-38366-6_13.

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Letizia, Francesca, Camilla Colombo, and Hugh G. Lewis. "Small Debris Fragments Contribution to Collision Probability for Spacecraft in Low Earth Orbits." In Space Safety is No Accident, 379–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15982-9_45.

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Conference papers on the topic "Orbital contribution"

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SKOW, ANDREW. "Agility as a contribution to design balance." In Orbital Debris Conference: Technical Issues andFuture Directions. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1990-1305.

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Li, Xiufei, Jiping Ge, and Xuewen Huang. "Contribution and Fusion Degree Study between IT and Advanced Orbital Traffic Equipment Manufacturing." In 2010 International Conference on Multimedia Technology (ICMT). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmult.2010.5630991.

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Gosztola, David, Bing Wang, and Michael R. Wasielewski. "Factoring the Contribution of Through-Space and Through-Bond Interactions to Rates of Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Donor-Spacer-Acceptor Molecules using Ultrafast Transient Absorption Spectroscopy." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1996.fe.32.

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It is well known that the rate of intramolecular electron transfer in linked donor-acceptor molecules is not only dependent upon the distance and orientation between the donor (D) and acceptor (A), but is also dependent upon the electronic properties of the intervening spacer (S) molecules between the redox centers[1]. If the distance between D and A is small enough to allow for direct overlap between the frontier orbitals of the donor and acceptor, electron transfer may occur by means of a through-space mechanism. When the D and A centers are too far apart for direct orbital overlap to be important, electron transfer may occur via a superexchange or through bond interaction. Both contributions to the total electronic coupling matrix element for electron transfer between the donor and acceptor depend on the distance and the orientation of the various molecular components. Thus, it is important to hold both the distance and geometry of the donor and acceptor fixed as the properties of the covalent spacer between them are varied. Achieving this degree of structural control in a D-S-A molecule is often a difficult task.
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Hertzel, A. "Investigation on the shear cutting of functional components manufactured in an orbital forming process." In Sheet Metal 2023. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902417-8.

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Abstract. Applying forming operations for the manufacturing of complex functional components instead of conventional shearing or milling is an effective way to increase the material efficiency of the process as well as the mechanical properties of the part. Nevertheless, in many cases subsequent cutting operations are mandatory to reach the final geometry or to add functional surfaces for the later assembly. During forming, hardening effects or different strain states can cause difficulties for the subsequent cutting operation. These characteristics are commonly determined for sheet metal forming processes like deep drawing or bending. However, the complex stress and strain states during sheet-bulk metal forming operations and their influence on the cutting parameters or the part properties have not been investigated comprehensively so far. Furthermore, different assigned processes, like for example orbital forming, allow a local material distribution, realizing a gradient in sheet thickness. Therefore, this contribution focuses on the establishment of a fundamental process understanding on the influence of a sheet-bulk metal forming process on the cutting parameters and the resulting part properties. Functional components are manufactured from C10 sheet metal by orbital forming and subsequently shear cut to generate the final contour. During cutting, specific force-stroke diagrams are evaluated, in order to analyze the influence on the process parameters. The resulting properties of the parts are investigated regarding the quality of the cutting surface and a potential geometrical distortion in consequence of elastic spring back. The influence of the forming process is outlined by a direct comparison with conventionally cut components.
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Meyer, H., R. A. Dressler, W. Bussert, D. Neuschafer, and S. R. Leone. "Laser probing of alignment effects in collisional energy transfer: the anisotropy of the interaction potential." In International Laser Science Conference. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ils.1986.fd1.

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Recently there has been considerable experimental and theoretical interest in the study of orientation and alignment effects as a probe of geometry-dependent aspects of potential energy surfaces. In this contribution we report experiments in which the collisional alignment of the electronic orbital angular momentum of excited Ca atoms and of the rotational angular momentum of N 2 + ions are investigated. The effect of orbital alignment on the slightly exothermic energy transfer process from Ca ( 4 s 5 p 1 P 1 ) to Ca ( 4 s 5 p 3 P J ) in collisions with different rare gas atoms is studied in a crossed beam experiment. Initial orbital alignment is introduced by exciting Ca with a linearly polarized, pulsed ultraviolet laser. The relative inelastic cross section as a function of the initial alignment is measured by time-gated total fluorescence detection. The transition probability depends on the configuration of approach: for He and Ne enhancement is observed for the perpendicular vs the parallel approach while Xe leads to an opposite effect. In a flowing afterglow experiment the rotational alignment of N 2 + ions drifted in He buffer gas is studied. The extent of alignment is determined as a function of field strength and total angular momentum by measuring the degree of polarization of laser-induced fluorescence vs the angle of polarization of the exciting laser. Since the probed (J, M J ) distribution is the result of many collisions, the alignment can be related to the rate coefficients for specific (ΔJ, ΔM J ) transitions and therefore reveals information on the anisotropy of the N 2 + buffer gas interaction.
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Silva, Victor Hugo Malamace da, and Glaucio Braga Ferreira. "Chemical interaction study between xanthate ligand and lead (II) using NBO, EDA and QTAIM analysis." In VIII Simpósio de Estrutura Eletrônica e Dinâmica Molecular. Universidade de Brasília, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21826/viiiseedmol2020159.

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As a useful flotation agent, the xanthate ligand, O-alkyldithiocarbonates, has been used by different countries by its easy and inexpensive synthesis. More recently papers explored many different applications using this ligand within a complex of several metals cation. In order to study the proprieties of the lead (II) complex with such ligand, the object of this work is to provide a better understanding of the Pb-S bond using different theoretical approaches as NBO, EDA and QTAIM analysis and the influence caused by the different alkyl groups of the ligand. By an optimized structure, the NBO showed that the Pb-S is mainly composed by p orbital of the lead and by the p lone pair of the sulfur atom. The calculation with different alkyl groups highlights that the presence of a larger hydrocarbon chain provides a higher contribution of the s orbital of the lead atom to the interaction. Through the EDA analysis, the interaction between ligand and metal has the predominance of an electrostatic character. The size of the alkyl group has an impact on the value of both covalent and electrostatic character, making the interaction more covalent, due to a higher presence of an electronic density on sulfur atom. This density can be evaluated by the topological study of the QTAIM analysis, which enhances the fact that the charge over the sulfur atom gets higher when using a larger alkyl group for the xanthate ligand.
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Dekker, Gerald A., John Moreland, and Jatila van der Veen. "Developing the Planck Mission Simulation as a Multi-Platform Immersive Application." In ASME 2011 World Conference on Innovative Virtual Reality. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/winvr2011-5575.

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Planck is an international mission led by the European Space Agency with significant contribution by NASA, designed to measure the anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), the oldest radiation of the universe, with the greatest accuracy and precision of any such CMB experiment to date. The present work was completed as part of the Planck Education and Public Outreach (E/PO) effort to communicate the results of Planck science to the public. The Planck Mission Simulation is a multiplatform, interactive visualization of the mission, from launch to orbital insertion to data gathering operations. The simulation was developed for a number of hardware and software configurations. Originally designed for a multi-screen virtual reality system, the scope of project grew to include other systems, including 3D kiosk displays, stereoscopic televisions, and domed-roomed systems. Implementation factors, technical details, and lessons learned from deployment on various platforms are discussed.
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Kanyoo, Prin, Dominic J. Taunton, and James I. R. Blake. "Development and Optimization of Mathematical Model of High Speed Planing Dynamics." In SNAME 13th International Conference on Fast Sea Transportation. SNAME, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/fast-2015-043.

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The primary difference between a planing craft and a displacement ship is that the predominant force to support the conventional or displacement craft is hydrostatic force or buoyancy. While in the case of planing craft, the buoyancy cedes this role to hydrodynamic lift force caused by flow and pressure characteristics occurring when it is travelling at high forward speed. However, the magnitude of hydrostatic force is still significant that cannot be completely neglected. Due to the high forward speed and trim angle, the flow around and under the planing hull experiences change of momentum and leads to the appearance of lift force according to the 2ndlaw of Newton. In other words, there is a relative velocity between the craft hull and the wave orbital motion that causes hydrodynamic pressure generating hydrodynamic lift force act on the hull surface. Then, in case of behaviors in waves, an additional contribution of ship motions is necessary to be considered in the relative velocity, resulting in nonlinear characteristic of its physical nature.
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Li, Rusong, Bin He, Quanhu Zhang, and Qianwei Du. "Density Functional Calculation of Property of the (1 0 0) Surface of γ-Pu." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29071.

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Pu material can generate surface corrosion and self-radiation effect during storage, leading to the creation and recoil of uranium and helium ions, which produce defects through displacement cascades, these self-irradiation defects tend to change plutonium properties. To study these aging behavior, calculations at the spin unrestricted generalized gradient approximation (GGA) level of density functional theory (DFT) have been performed using the DMol3 programs. Relativistic effects, such as mass-velocity, Darwin term, are considered in this code. Some conclusions are draw as follows: 1) Band structure of the (100) surface of γ-Pu is very narrow around the Fermi level, showing that the eigenstate of this level is mainly composed of local atomic orbital, the local property of electrons in this band is very strong, while the band around the Fermi level is mainly constituted by 5f narrow band; 2) DOS of the (100) surface of γ-Pu are mainly composed of the density of states in −48–41eV, −23–16eV, −3–2eV; 3) Contribution of s shell to the total DOS is mainly distributed in the first interval, and p shell is mainly in the second interval, while d and f shells are mainly in the third interval.
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Ito, Kenchi, Masahiko Hada, and Kazumi Kawamoto. "Refractive-index change of LiNbO3 by H+–Li+ exchange." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.fjj6.

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The H+–Li+ exchange technique in LiNbO3 is useful for the preparation of optical waveguides because it creates a large increase in the extraordinary refractive index. We have considered the reason for this increase both experimentally and theoretically. The exchange rate x of H+ and Li+ is about 0.7, as measured by nuclear-reaction analysis with a high-energy 15N ion beam. Electron diffraction shows that the space group does not change, and x-ray diffraction shows that the lattice constant hardly changes. Measurements of the infrared-absorption spectrum suggest that H+ is located in the plane where oxygen atoms are packed most closely. Two optimized positions of H+ in the plane have been decided by calculating the total energy of clusters that include hydrogen and oxygen atoms by the coupled Hartree–Fock method. The calculated first-order polarizability of clusters that include hydrogen and oxygen atoms is much larger than that of clusters including lithium and oxygen atoms. As a result of the decomposition contributions of molecule orbitals, this seems to arise from the s orbital, which is the lowest unoccupied orbital in all of the clusters. It suggests that the small atomic radius of H+ is the reason for the refractive-index change.
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Reports on the topic "Orbital contribution"

1

Straub, G., and J. Wills. Elastic moduli of copper: Electronic structure contributions from pseudopotentials and full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital band structure calculations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5309013.

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