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Journal articles on the topic 'Orbital abscess'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Mohindroo, NK, DR Sharma, JS Thakur, and Ripudaman Arora. "Transnasal Endoscopic Surgery in Retro-orbital Abscess." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 5, no. 1 (2012): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1108.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Transnasal endoscopic approach is well established in the management of subperiosteal abscess but retro-orbital abscess is commonly treated by external surgical approach. There are only two articles published on endoscopic drainage of retro-orbital abscess. We present our experience in the management of retro-orbital abscesses by transnasal endoscopic surgery. Methods Retrospective case charts review. Three cases with retro-orbital abscess were drained with endoscopic approach in last 5 years. Conclusion Role of transnasal endoscopic surgery in superior-lateral located intraorbital abscesses could not be evaluated but presented case series will further open the doors for transnasal endoscopic surgery. How to cite this article Thakur JS, Mohindroo NK, Sharma DR, Arora R. Transnasal Endoscopic Surgery in Retro-orbital Abscess. Clin Rhinol Int J 2012;5(1):14-16.

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2

Lee, Arnold. "Orbital Abscess." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 143, no. 2_suppl (August 2010): P168—P169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2010.06.295.

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3

Akinola, MA, AO Betiku, AP Adefalujo, AOA Yusuf, AO Sorungbe, and OP Yahaya. "Orbital Cellulitis And Subperiosteal Abscess Of Frontal Bone Complicating Unilateral Pansinusitis: A Case Report." Babcock University Medical Journal (BUMJ) 2, no. 1 (September 30, 2017): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.38029/bumj.v2i1.5.

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Objective: The aim of this report is to demonstrate that acute rhino-sinusitis may result in orbital cellulitis and even life threatening complications especially intracranial abscesses in children and young adults. Rare complications such as subperiosteal abscess seen in this patient may also occur Morbidity and mortality can be prevented through early diagnosis and treatment by relevant specialists. Method: We present a case report and literature review on unilateral pansinusitis complicated with orbital cellulitis and subperiosteal abscess of the frontal bone. Results: Following a diagnosis of orbital cellulitis and subperiosteal abscess of the frontal bone from a unilateral pansinusitis, an initial intravenous antibiotic was given for 72 hours, followed by a surgical drainage with subsequent rapid improvement. Conclusion: Acute rhinosinusitis may be complicated by orbital cellulitis and abscess formation. Prompt referral to a tertiary health facility as well as ooperation between the Ophthalmologists and Otorhinolaryngologists is very important to prevent life threatening complications. Key words: Orbital cellulitis, Pansinusitis, Subperiosteal abscess

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4

Arjmand, Ellis M., Rodney P. Lusk, and Harlan R. Muntz. "Pediatric Sinusitis and Subperiosteal Orbital Abscess Formation: Diagnosis and Treatment." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 109, no. 5 (November 1993): 886–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989310900518.

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Twenty-two children with subperiosteal orbital abscesses were treated at St. Louis Children's Hospital between 1983 and 1992. Eighteen patients were otherwise in good health; four patients had cystic fibrosis, mucoceles, or were immunocompromised. All patients were treated with intravenous antibiotics and abscess drainage. CT scans were obtained preoperatively in each case. Ten patients were treated with endoscopic ethmoidectomy and abscess drainage, and 11 were treated with external ethmoidectomy and abscess drainage. One child was initially treated with abscess drainage and an elective endoscopic ethmoidectomy was performed later. There were no cases of permanent visual loss or neurologic sequelae. Culture results were positive in 14 cases and mixed infections were common. Complications included recurrent abscess, cerebritis, and empyema. We recommend combined medical and surgical treatment for all children with subperiosteal orbital abscess. We feel that endoscopic ethmoidectomy and abscess drainage offers some advantages over external ethmoidectomy and abscess drainage.

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5

Abdulrazeq, Hael, Konrad Walek, Shailen Sampath, Elias Shaaya, Dardan Beqiri, Albert Woo, and Prakash Sampath. "Development of posttraumatic frontal brain abscess in association with an orbital roof fracture and odontogenic abscess: A case report." Surgical Neurology International 13 (November 18, 2022): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_813_2022.

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Background: Brain abscess is a potentially fatal condition. Orbital fractures caused by penetrating injury may be associated with intracranial infection. Such complication associated with blunt trauma, orbital roof fractures, and odontogenic abscesses is exceedingly rare. Case Description: We report the case of a 40-year-old transgender female with a frontal abscess presenting several weeks following a motor vehicle crash from which she suffered multiple facial fractures and an odontogenic abscess. On computed tomography scan, the patient had multiple right-sided facial fractures, including a medial orbital wall fracture and a right sphenoid fracture extending into the superior orbital roof. There was hemorrhage notable in the right frontal lobe. Communication with the ethmoid sinuses likely provided a conduit for bacterial spread through the orbit and into the intracranial and subdural spaces. Conclusion: Skull base fractures that communicate with a sinus, whether it be frontal, ethmoid, or sphenoid may increase the risk of brain abscess, especially in patients who develop an odontogenic abscess. Surgical repair of the defect is essential, and treating patients prophylactically with antibiotics may be beneficial.

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6

Gogri, PratikY, SomenL Misra, NeetaS Misra, HiteshV Gidwani, and AkshayJ Bhandari. "Neonatal orbital abscess." Oman Journal of Ophthalmology 8, no. 2 (2015): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-620x.159274.

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7

Al-Salem, KhalilM, FawazA Alsarayra, and AreejR Somkawar. "Neonatal orbital abscess." Indian Journal of Ophthalmology 62, no. 3 (2014): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0301-4738.116447.

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8

Loeffler, Paul, Denis Hoasjoe, Robert Aarstad, and Fred Stucker. "LATERAL ORBITAL ABSCESS." Southern Medical Journal 86, Supplement (September 1993): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-199309001-00380.

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9

STRANDBYGAARD, B. "THE ORBITAL ABSCESS." Acta Ophthalmologica 3, no. 1-2 (May 27, 2009): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1925.tb03229.x.

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10

Cruz, A. "Neonatal orbital abscess." Ophthalmology 108, no. 12 (December 2001): 2316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(01)00859-4.

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11

Lin, Chien-Yu, Nan-Chang Chiu, Kuo-Sheng Lee, Fu-Yuan Huang, and Chyong-Hsin Hsu. "Neonatal orbital abscess." Pediatrics International 55, no. 3 (June 2013): e63-e66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ped.12020.

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12

Altan Yaycıoğlu, Rana. "Preseptal Cellulitis, Orbital Cellulitis, Orbital Abscess." Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology 42, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjo.42.s11.

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13

Russell, David J., and Stuart R. Seiff. "Orbital Plasmacytoma Mimicking an Orbital Abscess." Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 33, no. 2 (2017): e32-e33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iop.0000000000000685.

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14

Chrysovitsiotis, Georgios, Paraskevi Kollia, Efthymios Kyrodimos, and Aristeidis Chrysovergis. "Superiorly based subperiosteal orbital abscess: an uncommon presentation." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 2 (February 2021): e239861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-239861.

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A 32-year-old female patient presented with severe facial pain, right eye proptosis and diplopia. Endoscopy revealed ipsilateral crusting, purulent discharge and bilateral nasal polyps. Imaging demonstrated a subperiosteal abscess on the roof of the right orbit. Due to patient’s significant ocular manifestations, surgical management was decided. The abscess was drained using combined endoscopic and external approach, via a Lynch-Howarth incision. Following rapid postoperative improvement, patient’s regular follow-up remains uneventful. A subperiosteal orbital abscess is a severe complication of rhinosinusitis that can ultimately endanger a patient’s vision. It is most commonly located on the medial orbital wall, resulting from direct spread of infection from the ethmoid cells. The rather uncommon superiorly based subperiosteal abscess occurs superiorly to the frontoethmoidal suture line, with frontal sinusitis being its main cause. Treating it solely endoscopically is more challenging than in medial wall abscesses, and a combined approach is often necessary.

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15

Clary, Randall A., Michael J. Cunningham, and Roland D. Eavey. "Orbital Complications of Acute Sinusitis: Comparison of Computed Tomography Scan and Surgical Findings." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 101, no. 7 (July 1992): 598–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949210100710.

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The accuracy of computed tomography (CT) in distinguishing an abscess from cellulitis in children who present with orbital manifestations of paranasal sinus infection remains in question. In this 10-year retrospective study, CT results are compared with surgical findings in 19 patients with orbital complications who underwent surgical exploration within 24 hours of their CT scans. Fifteen of the 19 CT scan interpretations indicated abscesses that were verified intraoperatively. Two patients had negative surgical explorations despite CT interpretations predicting abscesses. An abscess was also surgically documented in 1 of 2 patients whose preoperative scans indicated cellulitis alone. We conclude that the correlation between radiologic and operative findings in 16 of these 19 cases, although not absolute, does substantiate the use of CT scanning as a therapeutic guide in children presenting with orbital disease secondary to paranasal sinusitis.

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16

Aggarwal, Deepak, Ashish Suri, and Ashok K. Mahapatra. "Orbital Tuberculosis with Abscess." Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology 22, no. 3 (September 2002): 208–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041327-200209000-00004.

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17

Ainbinder, Darryl J., Barrett G. Haik, and Miguel Tellado. "Hydroxyapatite Orbital Implant Abscess." Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 10, no. 4 (December 1994): 267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002341-199412000-00009.

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18

Erdogan, Bü lent, Metin Görgü, Ali Gürlek, Can Karaca, and Orgun Deren. "Orbital Abscess after Rhinoplasty." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 94, no. 3 (September 1994): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199409000-00017.

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19

Coden, Daniel J. "Propionibacterium acnes Orbital Abscess." Archives of Ophthalmology 108, no. 4 (April 1, 1990): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1990.01070060029012.

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20

Kersten, Robert C. "Mycoplasma hominis Orbital Abscess." Archives of Ophthalmology 113, no. 9 (September 1, 1995): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1995.01100090018009.

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21

Eviatar, E., A. Kessler, and K. Pitaro. "Bidirectional orbital approach enhances orbital abscess drainage." Rhinology journal 47, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhin08.215.

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22

Fatima, Syeda Nidaa, Fatima Sarwar, and Muhammad Sarwar Khan. "Nasal septal abscess as a sequela of orbital cellulitis: An uncommon presentation." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 6 (January 1, 2018): 2050313X1877872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x18778726.

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Nasal septal abscess is a rather unusual condition encountered in the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient department, let alone it being a complication of orbital cellulitis! The condition usually occurs due to trauma which is significant enough to cause a septal haematoma. The haematoma then eventually results in formation of a localised abscess. Orbital cellulitis as a sequela of nasal septal abscess is an established complication but vice versa, septal abscess as a sequela of orbital cellulitis is an extremely rare presentation. To emphasise the possibility of anterograde as well as retrograde passage of infection via valveless veins in the face, we report a unique case of a 2-month-old infant who developed nasal septal abscess as a complication of orbital cellulitis.

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23

Rajeshwari, N., and A. Savitha. "Orbital cellulitis: early intervention saves vision." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 1 (December 24, 2019): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20195582.

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Orbital cellulitis describes an infection involving the soft tissues posterior to the orbital septum including the fat and muscle within the bony orbit. This condition is associated with severe sight and life-threatening complications. Distinguishing it from preseptal cellulitis is difficult, but important. Acute sinusitis is the commonest predisposing factor. Clinical findings alone are not specific enough to distinguish between preseptal and post septal orbital cellulitis. Early diagnosis using CT orbit is important to rule out complications such as orbital cellulitis, subperiosteal abscess. The most common location of subperiosteal abscess is the medial wall of the orbit. Transnasal endoscopic drainage of the abscess is a functional and minimally invasive technique and is the treatment of choice at present. Early diagnosis and intervention are mandatory to prevent the visual loss and life-threatening complication.Here, the authors describe a 2 months old infant with orbital cellulitis and medial subperiosteal abscess and treated with transnasal endoscopic drainage of the subperiosteal abscess.

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24

Gierlotka, Agata, Marin Michow, and Bartosz Macionczyk. "The case of sinogenic subperiosteal abscess without symptoms of sinusitis." Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2051.

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Orbital infection occurs when pathogens pass from an infected sinus into the orbit. The inflammation is spreading onto the orbital structures from the surrounding tissues mainly from ethmoidal sinuses due to its specific anatomical conditions. The orbital complications are preseptal cellulitis, orbital cellulitis, subperiosteal abscess, orbital abscess, and intracranial infections. The diagnosis of subperiosteal orbital abscess is based mainly on clinical presentation. The symptoms depends on which sinus is affected. Orbital symptoms include periorbital swelling, proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, chemosis, and optic nerve compression. Computer tomography is mandatory. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent from permanent vision loss and intracranial complication. The study discusses the course of the disease of a 25-year-old woman who was admitted to the Emergency Department due to inflammatory eyelid oedema and proptosis for 3 days. No symptoms of sinusitis were noted. The CT scans established diagnosis - subperiosteal orbital abscess. The patient was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics and functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Her treatment and recovery were uneventful. In follow-up nighter ophthalmological nor otorhinolaryngological complains were noted.

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25

Gavriel, Haim, Eyal Yeheskeli, Eliad Aviram, Lior Yehoshua, and Ephraim Eviatar. "Dimension of Subperiosteal Orbital Abscess as an Indication for Surgical Management in Children." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 145, no. 5 (July 21, 2011): 823–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599811416559.

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Objective. Eyelid edema in children is one of the signs of orbital complications secondary to acute rhinosinusitis, and identifying abscess formation is crucial for management decision. The objective of this study is to determine whether there are different computed tomography scan abscess dimensions and volumes in children requiring medical versus surgical management for subperiosteal orbital abscess (SPOA). Study Design. Case series with chart review. Setting. The study was conducted at Assaf Harofeh Medical Center. Subjects and Methods. Clinical and radiological parameters of 95 children admitted with eyelid edema between January 2005 and December 2007 were studied. Results. Of 95 cases of orbital cellulitis, a total of 48 children with sinogenic orbital complications with a mean (SD) age of 4.03 (3.46) years were included. No significant difference was found between the surgically and medically treated SPOA groups regarding the use of preadmission antibiotic and clinical presentation. Statistically significant larger abscesses in the surgically treated group were noted (mean volume 1.389 vs 0.486 mL in the conservatively treated group; P = .013) and a longer mean anterior-posterior and medial-lateral dimension ( P = .001 and .017, respectively). Conclusion.Children presenting with significant or progressing ocular findings or failure to improve after 48 hours of medical therapy, together with an abscess volume of more than 0.5 mL, a length greater than 17 mm, and a width greater than 4.5 mm, should be strongly considered to have surgical drainage.

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26

Mihai, Gafencu, Dr Doros Gabriela, Doros Caius, Nilima R. Kundnani, and Boruga Ovidiu. "Left Extrachoanal Orbital Abscess and Orbital Cellulitis as A Complication of Ethmoido-Maxillary Sinusitis." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 2 (October 2011): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/feb2014/122.

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27

Teena, MM, J. Mary, N. Suneetha, and V. Usha. "Microbiological profile of orbital abscess." Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 30, no. 3 (2012): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0255-0857.99494.

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28

Barahimi, Behin, Avni Patel, and Jurij R. Bilyk. "Orbital Metastasis Mimicking Subperiosteal Abscess." Orbit 29, no. 3 (May 25, 2010): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01676830903537120.

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29

Yonezawa, Kouichiro, Shigemichi Iwae, Toshifumi Hasegawa, and Sou Hara. "Four cases of orbital abscess." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 16, no. 2 (2006): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5106/jjshns.16.119.

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30

SENO, Satoshi, Yoshihiro DAKE, Takema SAKODA, Yuko SAITOH, Hiroki IKEDA, Hideyo SOGO, Satoshi FUJIMURA, Tadao ENOMOTO, Hiroya KITANO, and Kazutomo KITAJIMA. "Two Cases of Orbital Abscess." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 95, no. 3 (2002): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.95.259.

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31

Serra, Elis Cristina Sousa, Cassio Edvard Sverzut, and Alexandre Elias Trivellato. "Orbital abscess after facial trauma." Brazilian Dental Journal 20, no. 4 (2009): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402009000400014.

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This paper reports a rare case of acute severe orbital abscess manifested 2 days after a facial trauma without bone fracture in a 20-year-old Afro-American female. The symptoms worsened within the 24 h prior to hospital admission resulting in visual disturbances such as diplopia and photophobia. The clinical findings at the first consultation included fever, periorbital swelling and redness, ptosis, proptosis and limitation of ocular movements upwards, downwards, to the right and to the left. Computed tomography scan showed proptosis with considerable soft tissue swelling on the left side and no fracture was evidenced in the facial skeleton, including the zygomatic-orbital complex. After hospital admission and antibiotic therapy intravenously the patient was conducted to the operation room and submitted to incision and drainage under general anesthesia. The orbit was approached thorough both eyelids and the maxillary sinus was reached only through the Caldwell-Luc approach. The postoperative period was uneventful and the rapid improvement of symptoms was remarkable. Visual acuity and ocular motility returned to the normal ranges within 2 days after the surgical intervention. After 12 postoperative days, the patient presented with significative improvement in the ptosis and proptosis, and acceptable scars.

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32

Pushker, Neelam, Rachna Meel, Mandeep S. Bajaj, Seema Kashyap, Noornika Khuriajam, Sanjeev Gupta, and Mahesh Chandra. "Orbital Abscess With Unusual Features." Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 25, no. 6 (November 2009): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iop.0b013e3181b80b27.

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33

Skedros, Demetrios G., Joseph Haddad, Charles D. Bluestone, and Hugh D. Curtin. "Subperiosteal Orbital Abscess in Children." Laryngoscope 103, no. 1 (January 1993): 28???32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1288/00005537-199301000-00007.

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34

Kayhan, Fatma Tulin, İbrahim Sayn, Zahide Mine Yazc, and Ömer Erdur. "Management of Orbital Subperiosteal Abscess." Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 21, no. 4 (July 2010): 1114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/scs.0b013e3181e1b50d.

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35

Tanenbaum, M., J. Tenzel, S. F. Byrne, and R. K. Forster. "Medical management of orbital abscess." Survey of Ophthalmology 30, no. 3 (November 1985): 211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6257(85)90073-6.

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36

Blodi, Frederick C. "Field Marshall Radetzky's orbital abscess." Documenta Ophthalmologica 71, no. 2 (February 1989): 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00163472.

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37

ALAN, Hilal, Belgin GÜLSÜN, Rezzan GÜNER, Hakan ÇAĞLI, and Ayşe ÖZCAN. "Orbital Abscess from an Odontogenic Infection: Case Report." Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences 22, no. 2 (2016): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/dentalsci.2015-44074.

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38

Laycock, Juliet, Oliver James Wright, Thomas Geyton, and Philippe Bowles. "Facial trauma aggravating paediatric orbital cellulitis." BMJ Case Reports 13, no. 4 (April 2020): e233230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-233230.

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We describe a case of paediatric orbital cellulitis with subperiosteal abscess following blunt facial trauma. Clinical features of orbital cellulitis developed on day 1 post-trauma. A subperiosteal collection subsequently formed lateral to the globe, causing significant ocular compromise. Surgical drainage and sinus washout were performed via external incisions, with satisfactory outcome. This case highlights how trauma may represent a non-sinogenic aggravating factor in orbital cellulitis. We describe how a subperiosteal abscess may vary depending on its aetiology, and how the surgical approach can be modified to locate and drain a laterally sited subperiosteal abscess.

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Regeer, Jeroen, Bert De Groote, and Emmi Van Damme. "Cerebral abscess as a complication of a dental abscess." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 3 (April 30, 2019): 1398. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20192053.

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A dental abscess, most often caused by inadequate oral hygiene, can be easily treated if timely diagnosed. However, delay in treatment can lead to bacterial dissemination and serious complications, such as development of a cerebral abscess. Authors retrospectively analyzed a case of a 15-year-old boy admitted to our pediatrics department with a cerebral abscess due to a dental abscess. A 15-year-old patient presented with supra-orbital swelling which due to previous delay in dental treatment had caused dental, orbital and cerebral abscess formation. After extraction of the affected tooth and six weeks of IV antibiotics the size of the cerebral abscess was practically unchanged. An epidural drainage and further treatment with IV antibiotics were needed to eliminate the cerebral abscess. The urgency of dental treatment to inhibit further microbial spread is of great importance and delay can have serious consequences.

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40

Seedat, Riaz Y., Pieter D. Hamilton, Lodewyk P. de Jager, Wessel Strydom, and Catherine A. Beukes. "Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma presenting as an apparent orbital subperiosteal abscess." International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 52, no. 2 (April 2000): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-5876(00)00278-0.

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41

Twaij, Suhair, Palpandian Viswanathan, and A. B. Page. "Acute traumatic orbital cerebrospinal fluid cystocele mimicking orbital abscess." Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 13, no. 5 (October 2009): 491–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaapos.2009.05.014.

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42

Younis, Ramzi T., Rande H. Lazar, and Vinod K. Anand. "Intracranial Complications of Sinusitis: A 15-Year Review of 39 Cases." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 81, no. 9 (September 2002): 636–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556130208100911.

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Despite improvements in antibiotic therapies and surgical techniques, sinusitis still carries a risk of serious and potentially fatal complications. We examined the charts of 82 patients who had been admitted to the University of Mississippi Medical Center between Jan. 1, 1985, and Dec. 31, 1999, for treatment of complications of sinusitis. Of these 82 patients, 43 had orbital complications and 39 had intracranial complications. In this article, we describe our findings in those patients who had intracranial complications (our findings in patients with orbital complications will be reported in a future article). The most common intracranial complication was meningitis; others were epidural abscess, subdural abscess, intracerebral abscess, Pott's puffy tumor, and superior sagittal sinus thrombosis. Most patients with meningitis were treated with drug therapy only; patients with abscesses were generally treated with intravenous antibiotics and drainage of the affected sinus and the abscess. Advancements in antibiotic therapy, endoscopic surgery, imaging studies, and computer-assisted surgery have helped improve outcomes. Management of these patients should be undertaken immediately and is best achieved via a multidisciplinary approach, involving the otolaryngologist, neurosurgeon, radiologist, anesthesiologist, infection disease specialist, pediatrician, internist, and others.

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43

Anari, Shahram, Yakubu G. Karagama, Barbara Fulton, and Janet A. Wilson. "Neonatal disseminated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus presenting as orbital cellulitis." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 119, no. 1 (January 2005): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215053223003.

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Orbital cellulitis and abscess are known complications of ethmoiditis in children, but they are very rare in the newborn. The authors report a case of orbital abscess caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a four-week-old neonate born four weeks prematurely.

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44

Oraegbunam, Nnenna Henrietta, Ernest Ikechukwu Ezeh, Nkama Etiowo, and Roseline Nkeiruka Ezeh. "Atypical presentations of orbital cellulitis in an 11-year-old boy." Calabar Journal of Health Sciences 4 (August 24, 2020): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cjhs_2_2020.

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Spontaneous acute-onset proptosis accompanied with inflammatory signs in children is commonly caused by orbital cellulitis/abscess; however, the clinician should always be alert to the possibility of other causes such as neoplastic: Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), traumatic, and iatrogenic factors. This is a case report of an 11-year-old boy presenting with an acute-onset non-axial proptosis of the left eye without a history of trauma, sinus disease, or systemic infection. Our clinical differential diagnosis included orbital cellulitis and orbital RMS. However, the final diagnosis was orbital cellulitis with abscess. The purpose of the study was to report a case of “cold” orbital abscess that clinically mimics orbital RMS. An 11-year-old boy presented with a 2 weeks history of painless, rapid-onset non-axial proptosis in the left eye. It was associated with periorbital edema, and mild conjunctival hyperemia. There was no preceding or associated history of fever, trauma, upper respiratory tract infection, sinusitis, or immunosuppression. An initial clinical diagnosis of RMS, with orbital cellulitis as a differential diagnosis, was made delaying commencement of antibiotic therapy. Following the drainage of greenish tinged purulent matter growing Staphylococcus aureus on culture, the diagnosis of orbital cellulitis with abscess was made. A broad-spectrum antibiotics and subsequent adjunct anti-inflammatory therapy yielded excellent clinical resolution. The case demonstrates the pitfalls/challenges in differentiating orbital space occupying lesions manifesting with inflammatory features on the basis of clinical findings alone. This is particularly relevant in a busy triage ophthalmic clinic in a low resource environment without easy access to any form of orbital imaging. In addition, the case highlights that green tinged purulent matter can be found in infections from a myriad of organisms aside from the popularly known Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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Roy, Pummy, and Nandan Kumar. "A rare case of eyelid abscess and orbital cellulitis following acute dacryocystitis." IP International Journal of Ocular Oncology and Oculoplasty 7, no. 4 (February 15, 2022): 415–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijooo.2021.087.

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Acute dacryocystitis usually presents as a pre-septal cellulitis since the lacrimal sac lies anterior to the orbital septum. Orbital cellulitis secondary to acute dacryocystitis is very rare due to a variety of anatomic barriers to the orbit but can occur and result in abscess formation with risk of visual compromise.We describe a case of 28 yrs. old otherwise healthy adult who presented with almost complete visual loss following orbital cellulitis and lower lid abscess formation secondary to acute dacryocystitis in right eye. The clinical, radiological, intraoperative and postoperative findings are discussed. He underwent emergency lateral canthotomy and cantholysis, lower lid abscess drainage along with planned endoscopic endonasal dacryocystectomy as resolutive surgery.

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Qi, Dongmei, and Weimin He. "Orbital Abscess Caused by Viridans Streptococcus." Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 26, no. 6 (November 2010): 500–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iop.0b013e3181cf94b3.

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de Silva, D. J., C. Cole, P. Luthert, and J. M. Olver. "Masked orbital abscess in Wegener's granulomatosis." Eye 21, no. 2 (January 13, 2006): 246–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.eye.6702211.

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Cota, Nolan, Arvind Chandna, and Laurence J. Abernethy. "Orbital abscess masquerading as a rhabdomyosarcoma." Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 4, no. 5 (October 2000): 318–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mpa.2000.107897.

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Kim, Il-Kyu, Ju-Rok Kim, Keum-Soo Jang, Yeon-Sung Moon, and Sun-Won Park. "Orbital abscess from an odontogenic infection." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology 103, no. 1 (January 2007): e1-e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2006.07.002.

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Pitkäranta, Anne, Päivi Lindahl, Merja Raade, and Ritvaleena Puohiniemi. "Orbital abscess caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum." International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 68, no. 5 (May 2004): 585–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2003.12.004.

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