Journal articles on the topic 'Oral medication Problems'
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Agbor, Michael A., and Clement C. Azodo. "Self medication for oral health problems in Cameroon." International Dental Journal 61, no. 4 (August 2011): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1875-595x.2011.00058.x.
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Patsan, Irena, Amanda Tapley, Peter Davoren, Alison Fielding, Elizabeth Holliday, Jean Ball, Andrew Davey, et al. "Temporal trends in, and associations of, early-career general practitioner prescriptions of second-line Type 2 Diabetes medications, 2010–2018." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (January 20, 2023): e0280668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280668.
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Introduction Second-line pharmacotherapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (‘diabetes’) is necessary for optimal glycaemic control and preventing longer-term complications. We aimed to describe temporal trends in, and associations of, Australian general practitioner (GP) registrars’ prescription, and initiation, of ‘new’ second-line oral agents (dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists) compared to sulphonylureas. Materials and methods A longitudinal analysis (2010–2018) of data from the Registrar Clinical Encounters in Training project. Analysis included any diabetes problem/diagnosis that involved prescription of sulphonylureas or ‘new’ oral agents. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were fitted within the generalised estimating equations framework. Results 2333 registrars recorded 6064 diabetes problems/diagnoses (1.4%). 835 problems/diagnoses involved sulphonylurea or ‘new’ medication prescription. Of these, 61.0% [95% CI:57.4–64.4] involved ‘new’ medication prescription. 230 problems/diagnoses involved sulphonylurea or ‘new’ medication initiation, with 77% [95%CI:70.8–82.1] involving a ‘new’ medication. There was a significant 52% per year increase in prescribing (OR = 1.52[95% CI:1.38–1.68],p<0.001), and a 77% per (two-to-three-year) time-interval increase in initiation (OR = 1.77,[95% CI:1.30–2.43],p = <0.001) of ‘new’ medications compared to sulphonylureas. ‘New’ medications were prescribed less for non-English-speaking patients. There was some regional variation in prescribing. Conclusion Registrar uptake of ‘new’ oral agents compared to sulphonylureas has increased rapidly.
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Pop-Jordanova, Nada, and Sofija Loleska. "On Psychosomatic Problems in Dentistry." PRILOZI 41, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prilozi-2020-0023.
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AbstractIn their daily practice dentists frequently have patients showing signs of stress-related oral manifestations in different forms. Stress-related aetiology of oral changes are still not investigated enough, and present a subgroup of psychosomatic diseases which had been recognized in medicine a long time ago. Recognition of such psychological or emotional disturbance needs deep evaluation “per exclusionem”, and is beneficial for both the patient and clinician. Psychological management should be taken into consideration when treating patients with these psychosomatic disorders. Therapeutic approach comprises different forms of psychotherapy and medication as well.
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Broers, Barbara, Zacharie Patà, Aline Mina, James Wampfler, Christian de Saussure, and Sophie Pautex. "Prescription of a THC/CBD-Based Medication to Patients with Dementia: A Pilot Study in Geneva." Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids 2, no. 1 (April 4, 2019): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000498924.
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Background: Dementia is increasing worldwide. No effective medication is currently available for the treatment of the underlying disease and accompanying behavioral symptoms. Cannabinoids might have a beneficial effect, but clinical studies with (low-dose) synthetic THC have not been conclusive. Objective: To test the acceptability, practical aspects, and clinical outcomes of the introduction of a THC/CBD-based oral medication in severely demented patients in a specialized nursing home in Geneva. Methods: This was a prospective observational study. Results: Ten female demented patients with severe behavior problems received oral medication with on average 7.6 mg THC/13.2 mg CBD daily after 2 weeks, 8.8 mg THC/17.6 mg CBD after 1 month, and 9.0 mg THC/18.0 mg CBD after 2 months. The THC/CBD-based oil was preferred. Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory score, and a behavior problem visual analog scale decreased by 40% after 2 months, rigidity score by 50%. Half of the patients decreased or stopped other psychotropic medications. The staff appreciated the decrease in rigidity, making daily care and transfers easier, the improved direct contact with the patients, the improvement in behavior, and the decrease in constipation with less opioids. There was no withholding of the medication for reasons of side effects, and the effects persisted after 2 months. Conclusions: An oral cannabis extract with THC/CBD, in higher dosages than in other studies, was well tolerated and greatly improved behavior problems, rigidity, and daily care in severely demented patients.
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Dubey, Pragati, and Neelam Mittal. "Assessment of self-medication practice for oral health problems among people of Varanasi, Uttar-Pradesh, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 6 (May 27, 2022): 2660. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20221550.
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Background: Self medication has been practiced for centuries in both industrialized and under developed countries. There are lots of literatures indicating people awareness regarding abuse of medicines and antibiotics without a doctor’s prescription, but there has not been much study conducted for dental illness. The present study aimed to gather information about self-medication pattern among people of Varanasi, Uttar-Pradesh and to identify the measures to curb these life-threatening practices.Methods: An observational based cross-sectional study was carried out in OPD of Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS, BHU, Varanasi. The sample size comprised of 500 respondents. The SPS software was used to code, input, and analyze all descriptive data. Descriptive data analysis was performed and the results were provided as frequencies and percentage.Results: The response of survey received a perfect score of 100%. The prevalence rate of self medication was found to be 56.2%. The main reason for engaging in such life threatening practice was lack of time and ignorance. Analgesia was the most commonly utilized type of medication. Out of 281, 84 patients sought basic care from a pharmacist, whereas 49.2% patient approached to visit dentist only when their problem continued.Conclusions: The prevalence rate was higher in male than female. Controlling self-medication requires patient health awareness initiatives, community pharmacist help, and pharmacist continuing education. There is a need for intervention planning to encourage rational self-medication through mass media such as newspapers, magazines and TV.
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Dürr, Pauline, Katja Schlichtig, Carolin Kelz, Birgit Deutsch, Renke Maas, Michael J. Eckart, Jochen Wilke, et al. "The Randomized AMBORA Trial: Impact of Pharmacological/Pharmaceutical Care on Medication Safety and Patient-Reported Outcomes During Treatment With New Oral Anticancer Agents." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 18 (June 20, 2021): 1983–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.20.03088.
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PURPOSE Oral anticancer drugs (eg, kinase inhibitors) play an important role in cancer therapy. However, considerable challenges regarding medication safety of oral anticancer drugs have been reported. Randomized, controlled, multicenter studies on the impact of intensified clinical pharmacological/pharmaceutical care on patient safety and patient treatment perception are lacking. METHODS Patients were eligible for the randomized, multicenter AMBORA study, if they were newly started on any of the oral anticancer drugs approved in 2001 or later without restriction to certain tumor entities. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either standard of care (control group) or an additional, intensified clinical pharmacological/pharmaceutical care, which included medication management and structured patient counseling, over a period of 12 weeks (intervention group). Primary end points were the number of antitumor drug–related problems (ie, side effects and unresolved medication errors) and patient treatment satisfaction with the oral anticancer therapy after 12 weeks measured with the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication, category convenience. RESULTS Two hundred two patients were included. Antitumor drug–related problems were significantly lower in the intervention compared with the control group (3.85 v 5.81 [mean], P < .001). Patient treatment satisfaction was higher in the intervention group (Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication, convenience; 91.6 v 74.4 [mean], P < .001). The hazard ratio for the combined end point of severe side effects (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events ≥ 3), treatment discontinuation, unscheduled hospital admission, and death was 0.48 (95% CI, 0.32 to 0.71, P < .001) in favor of the intervention group. CONCLUSION Treatment with oral anticancer drugs is associated with a broad range of medication errors and side effects. An intensified clinical pharmacological/pharmaceutical care has considerable, positive effects on the number of medication errors, patient treatment perception, and severe side effects.
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Ju Lee, Bong, Lyang Huh, and Hyun Ju Lee. "T211. COMPARISON OF REHOSPITALIZATION RATE IN INDIVIDUALS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA CHANGED FROM PALIPERIDONE PALMITATE TO ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa029.771.
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Abstract Background Long-acting antipsychotic therapy (LAT) may help effectively manage individuals with schizophrenia by optimizing adherence, improving treatment response, reducing the risk of relapse, and improving long-term outcomes. LAT has an established role in the maintenance treatment of chronic, poorly adherent, and/or severely ill patients in later stages of schizophrenia. It is not yet known whether the positive effects of these LATs are merely on the control of symptoms and preventing relapse or on changes in insights and attitudes to medications, resulting in changes in disease course. Methods This retrospective, single-center study was conducted within the Department of Psychiatry at Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital. To investigate the efficacy of LAT on the disease course, we compared re-hospitalization rate, drug attitude inventory (DAI), and The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in individuals with schizophrenia who had treated with once-monthly paliperidone palmitate and then switched to oral antipsychotics. Results A total of 105 patients changed from oral drugs to LAI. Of these, 31 patients were later changed to oral medication. Of the total LAI patients, 32 patients received less than 5 months a week. Thirteen patients were hospitalized for 6 months before LAI change and 3 patients were re-hospitalized during the maintenance period after LAI change. Three patients who did not have hospitalized for 6 months after the change of oral medication but did not have hospitalized during LAI maintenance period were re-hospitalized after changing to oral medication. Of the 72 patients who maintained the LAI for more than 5 months, 28 patients experienced re-hospitalization during oral medication before LAI, 9 of whom were re-hospitalized during the LAI. All of them kept on LAI. Seven patients who changed to oral medication during maintenance were not hospitalized during the maintenance period, but three patients were hospitalized after changing to oral medication. Of the 92 patients who had never been hospitalized within 6 months before the change of LAI, 14 had re-hospitalized after changing to LAI. However, none of the 92 patients who had never been hospitalized changed to oral medication. Regardless of the length of time, 5 (about 16%) were re-hospitalized in 31 patients who changed from LAI to the oral medication again. Interestingly, the patients were not hospitalized during the LAI period. There were 27 dropouts. Twenty patients (19%) after LAI change and 7 patients (6%) after oral change. There was no statistical difference in DAI and PANSS scores after the change from LAI to oral medication. Discussion As previously known, the inhibition effect of relapse was evident during the LAI period. There was no change in adherence to medication, attitudes toward treatment, and degree of illness within 6 months. There were 27 dropouts. Twenty patients (19%) after LAI change and seven patients (6%) after oral change. It has been a long time since the onset, and 7 patients have moved to the hospital. Most of these seven patients were considered to be the case of compliance problems. Immediately after the change of oral medication, dropout occurred in 4 patients, and the duration of LAI in these patients was 2–5 months. The lack of statistical difference between DAI and PANSS after changing to oral drug in LAI can be attributed to the short interval of 6 months.
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Maciejewski, Matthew L., Bradley G. Hammill, Corrine I. Voils, Laura Ding, Elizabeth A. Bayliss, Lesley H. Curtis, and Virginia Wang. "Prescriber continuity and medication availability in older adults with cardiometabolic conditions." SAGE Open Medicine 6 (January 1, 2018): 205031211875738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312118757388.
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Background: Many older adults have multiple conditions and see multiple providers, which may impact their use of essential medications. Objective: We examined whether the number of prescribers of these medications was associated with the availability of medications, a surrogate for adherence, to manage diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidemia. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 383,145 older adults with diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidemia in the US Medicare program living in 10 states. The association between the number of prescribers of cardiometabolic medications in 2010 and medication availability (proportion of days with medication on hand) in 2011 was estimated via logistic regression, controlling for patient demographic characteristics and chronic conditions. Results: Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes, hypertension and/or dyslipidemia had an average of five chronic conditions overall, obtained 10–12 medications for all conditions and most often had one prescriber of cardiometabolic medications. In adjusted analyses, the number of prescribers was not significantly associated with availability of oral diabetes agents but having more prescribers is associated with increased medication availability in older Medicare beneficiaries with dyslipidemia or hypertension. Conclusion: The incremental addition of new prescribers may be clinically reasonable for complex patients but creates the potential for coordination problems and informational discontinuity over time. Health systems may want to identify complex patients with multiple prescribers to minimize care fragmentation.
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Johnson, D. A. W. "Historical perspective on antipsychotic long-acting injections." British Journal of Psychiatry 195, S52 (November 2009): s7—s12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.195.52.s7.
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BackgroundClinical experience has shown considerable potential benefits from long-term continuous medication for chronic or relapsing forms of schizophrenia. These benefits have not always been realised.AimsTo review the research literature in order to understand the problems of long-term medication and use of antipsychotic oral medication and long-acting injections (LAIs), and to place these in an historical context.MethodReview of literature.ResultsResearch showed that the potential success of LAI therapy depends on the quality of the follow-up service.ConclusionsFollowing the advent of second-generation oral antipsychotics confidence in the use of LAIs has eroded and that mistakes made in LAI use during the past century may be repeated.
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Butt, Hira, Samra Liaqat, Aqsa, Amna Nauman Khan, Nauman Rauf Khan, and Fizza Tahir. "Association of Sociodemographic Factors with Trends of Self-Medication Practice and Its Hazard Perception for Oral Health Problems among Patient." Journal of Gandhara Medical and Dental Science 9, no. 2 (April 6, 2022): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.9-2.159.
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OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of sociodemographic factors with the trends of self-medication practice and its hazard perception among patients METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on the patients visiting Sharif Medical and Dental College from June 2019 to June 2020. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire from 142 patients. Chi-square and fisher exact tests were used to find the association of trends of self-medication practice and hazard perception with sociodemographic factors. RESULTS: The patients in the age range of 18 to 29 years practiced self-medication the most. The triggering factor for use of medication was toothache among all ages. The most commonly used drug was reported to be analgesics. The main reason for self-medication was lack of time to visit the doctor. The females practiced self-medication more than the males. The triggering factor for both the genders was toothache and analgesics were mostly used. The patients with tertiary level education and those who were unemployed practiced self- medication the most. The triggering factor was toothache across all levels of education and employed as well as unemployed patients. Drug resistance was stated the main hazard. CONCLUSION: The triggering factor for use of medication was toothache, most commonly used drugs were analgesics and the main reason for self-medication was lack of time across all ages, both the gender, married and unmarried patients, levels of education and employment. Un-employed patients and those with tertiary level of education-practiced self- medicated themselves the most. The highest percentage of patients considered drug resistance to be the biggest hazard.
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Khan, Ishfaq, and Azhar Khan. "MEDICINAL PLANTS AS ALTERNATIVE TREATMENTS FOR ORAL HEALTH PROBLEMS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 9 (September 7, 2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i9.24918.
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Oral flora plays an important role in the day-to-day life for human beings and also they are important part of human digestive system. Simultaneously, besides their beneficial activities, they can be harmful to the human, and this can be evaluated as normal oral flora as opportunistic pathogens. To elevate oral sanitation, medicinal plant-based mouthwash can be used as mediator and acts as a part of efficient home care medication. In dentistry, the importance of plants has been acknowledged to cure diseases generated by several oral pathogens. Chemical drugs possess many side effects and act as a key factor responsible for developing drug-resistant microorganisms. Herbal mouthwash products have fewer side effects than chemical drugs. The worldwide requirement for substitutive prevention, treatment choices, and products for oral infections that are harmless, efficient, and low cost comes from the boost in infection occurrence. For maintaining oral sanitation, ample research has been attempted to calculate the effect of plants. The review has established to aggregate the data on herbs and plants which possess great response to the pathogens concerned with oral infections. The review will assist the researchers to discover and choose the plant to develop adequate medicine for establishing cost-effective treatment for oral hygiene.
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Korivi, Ravali, and B. Ramya Krishna. "A Study on Assessment and Management of Diabetic Gastropathy." IARS' International Research Journal 11, no. 2 (August 29, 2021): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v11i2.2021.134.
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To assess and manage Diabetic gastropathy. Diabetic gastropathy is least concern in developing countries but many patients receiving oral anti diabetics leads to serious gastric problems. This study involves identification of gastric problems and improves compliance, medication adherence among population and also determine the severity of gastric problems due to oral hypoglycemic drugs. In our study, women are more effected (54%) than men (46%). Most effected age group is 40-60 years age with 58% Mild (male-20.9%, female-22.27%) and moderate (male-37.9%, females-39.7%) conditions are the most effected in terms of severity. This is due to poor glycemic control and not using proper medication, diet. Treatment should be focused on improving gastric symptoms by controlling gastric emptying. Prevention of gastric symptoms by following some dietary changes, nutritional and physiological support is effective to patients.
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Jurjāns, Kristaps, Santa Sabeļnikova, Evija Miglāne, Baiba Luriņa, Oskars Kalējs, Andrejs Millers, and Zanda Priede. "Problems of Cardioembolic Stroke Primary and Secondary Prevention in the Latvian Population / Kardioemboliska Cerebrāla Infarkta Primārās un Sekundārās Profilakses Problēmas Latvijā." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 69, no. 5 (September 5, 2015): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/prolas-2015-0029.
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Abstract Atrial fibrillation is one of major risk factors of cerebral infarction. The use of oral anticoagulants is the only evidence-based method of reducing the risk of cardioembolic accidents. The guidelines of oral anticoagulant admission and usage have been available since 2012. The results of this study show that of 550 stroke patients that were admitted to Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital, Rīga, Latvia, from 1 January 2014 until 1 July 2014, atrial fibrillation was diagnosed in 247 (45%) cases, and of these patients, only 8.5% used oral anticoagulants before the onset of stroke. Six months after discharge of 111 (44.9%) stroke survivors, five (4.5%) used no secondary prevention medication, 27 (24.3%) used antiplatelet agents, 54 (48.6%) warfarin, and 25 (22.5%) used target specific oral anticoagulants (TSOACs). The mortality rate was significantly higher in the patient group that used no secondary prevention medication or antiplatelet agents compared to the patient group that used oral anticoagulants. The use of oral anticoagulants for primary stroke prevention in Latvia is insufficient. The mortality of cardioembolic stroke in 180 days is very high - 40.4%. Secondary prevention is essential to prevent recurrent cardioembolic accidents.
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Fumero, Ascensión, Rosario J. Marrero, Wenceslao Peñate, Juan M. Bethencourt, and Pedro Barreiro. "Adherence to Oral Contraception in Young Women: Beliefs, Locus of Control, and Psychological Reactance." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (October 28, 2021): 11308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111308.
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Background: There is a high dropout rate of oral contraceptive pills (OCP), mainly due to a lack of adherence to treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the psychological processes and attitudes toward medication involved in adherence to OCP, depending on the prescription, to avoid unintended pregnancies (AUP) or gynecological problems (GP). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted by asking 689 young women in the fertile period, mean age 23.41 (SD = 5.90), to complete questionnaires related to attitudes, beliefs, psychological reactance, locus of control, and adherence to contraceptive medication. Descriptive analyses and a binary logistic regression were performed. Results: The results confirmed that different beliefs and psychological processes were involved in adherence to oral contraception, based on women’s reasons for taking contraceptive medication. More psychological processes were involved in non-adherence in the AUP group than in the GP group. Psychological reactance contributed most to explaining non-adherence in women who used the OCP to prevent unintended pregnancies. Conversely, women with gynecological problems reported difficulties in adherence, mainly due to their beliefs about contraceptive pills. Conclusions: These findings indicate that attitudes toward medication and psychological processes can play an important role in adherence to OCP, including reasons for using the pill. Identifying the psychological factors and beliefs linked with contraception could guide health professionals to provide counseling to women, thus increasing their adherence to medication and maximizing their health and well-being.
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Schlichtig, Katja, Lisa Cuba, Pauline Dürr, Laura Bellut, Norbert Meidenbauer, Frank Kunath, Peter J. Goebell, et al. "New Oral Antitumor Drugs and Medication Safety in Uro-Oncology: Implications for Clinical Practice Based on a Subgroup Analysis of the AMBORA Trial." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 15 (August 4, 2022): 4558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154558.
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Oral antitumor therapeutics (OAT) bear a high risk for medication errors, e.g., due to drug–drug or drug–food interactions or incorrect drug intake. Advanced age, organ insufficiencies, and polymedication are putting uro-oncological patients at an even larger risk. This analysis sets out to (1) investigate the frequency and relevance of medication errors in patients with prostate cancer or renal cell carcinoma treated with OAT and (2) compile recommendations for clinical practice. This post-hoc subgroup analysis used data collected in the randomized AMBORA trial (2017–2020; DRKS00013271). Clinical pharmacologists/pharmacists conducted advanced medication reviews over 12 weeks after initiation of a new oral regimen and assessed the complete medication process for drug–related problems. Medication errors related to either the OAT, prescribed or prescription-free concomitant medication, or food were classified regarding cause and severity. We identified 67 medication errors in 38 patients within the complete medication within 12 weeks. Thereof, 55% were detected at therapy initiation, 27% were caused by the patients, and 25% were drug–drug or drug–food interactions. Problem-prone issues are summarized in a ‘medication safety table’ to provide recommendations for clinical practice in uro-oncology. Tailored strategies including intensified care by clinical pharmacologists/pharmacists should be implemented in clinical practice to improve medication safety.
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Hazara, Roya. "Oral health in older adults." British Journal of Community Nursing 25, no. 8 (August 2, 2020): 396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.8.396.
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The UK population is rapidly ageing, and this is set to continue for many more years. Consequently, this projects a number of health problems and challenges that need to be addressed. Functional impairment and age-related diseases have a significant impact on oral health, leading to a poor quality of life. Dental diseases become more prevalent in older adults, partly as a result of their poor general health, medication side effects and, in some instances, due to limited access to good dental care. Healthcare staff should be aware of these problems and ensure that individuals are given the correct advice, care and treatment. This article outlines what is known about oral health among older adults and highlights some of the common health conditions that affect oral health status in this population. Community nurses are well placed to educate and empower older adults in maintaining good oral health.
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Olawuyi, Adetokunbo, Lateef Ibrahim, and Omolara Uti. "Self-Medication for Oral Health Problems among Dental Outpatients at a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital." Open Journal of Stomatology 09, no. 01 (2019): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojst.2019.91002.
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AlQahtani, Haif A., Fatemeh S. Ghiasi, Abdullah N. Zahiri, Noorieh I. Rahmani, Nizam Abdullah, and Sausan Al Kawas. "Self-medication for oral health problems among adults attending the University Dental Hospital, Sharjah." Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 14, no. 4 (August 2019): 370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.06.006.
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Picone, Antonio, Antonia Marcianó, Rosanna Dimarco, Eleonora Miano, Alessandra Zacchia, Maria Vita Sanò, Alessia La Fauci, et al. "Salivary miRNA-210 involvement in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): e23052-e23052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e23052.
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e23052 Background: Improved survival rates from cancer have increased the need to understand the health related problems of cancer treatment. Persistent oral health related problems significantly affect patient's quality of life. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MR-ONJ) is an oral complication of antiresorptive medications, denosumab and other medications that target angiogenesis for the management of metastatic bone cancer. The purpose of this pilot study, is to investigate, for the first time, microRNAs expression in MR-ONJ. Recent studies reported the miRNA-210 (a specific angiogenic-related miRNA) demethylation in the Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. We hypothesized that MiRNA-210 could also be involved in MR-ONJ development. Primary objective of the study is to investigate the role of miRNA-210 in MR-ONJ pathogenesis. Secondary objective is to investigate the feasibility of salivary miRNAs detection as potential non invasive biomarkers for MR-ONJ. Methods: A case-and-control study has been designed. Inclusion criteria are malignant tumors with ongoing treatment or previous history of anti-resorptive or anti-angiogenic medications. The predictor variable is the presence or absence of MR-ONJ. Oral examination and dental x-ray examinations suggestive of MR-ONJ will be performed. Saliva sample will be collected according to the protocol by Navazesh. The methylation status of miRNA-210 will be investigated using quantitative PCR (Q-PCR). Values will be compared between case and control group. Results: The main expected results are to enroll approximatively twenty patients in case group and sixty patients in control group within a one year recruitment period, validate that saliva is a medium for the identification of biomarkers associated with MR-ONJ and confirm the hypothesis that miRNA-210 is involved in MR-ONJ development. Conclusions: Results acquired within this project would represent a contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving to the development of MR-ONJ lesions. MiRNA-210 demethylation could serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of MR-ONJ through stimulation of angiogenesis.
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Mackler, Emily R., Karen B. Farris, Katie S. Gatwood, Amna Rizvi-Toner, Alex Wallace, Ankur Dashputre, Abhijeet Rajpurohit, Joel Farley, and Justin Gatwood. "Primary care oncology model (PCOM): Implementation of a model integrating primary and oncology care for patients taking oral anticancer agents." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): TPS1587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.tps1587.
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TPS1587 Background: Non-adherence to oral anticancer agents (OAA) has been reported among 30% of individuals. Often, individuals with cancer are not just managing their new OAA but also medications to treat multiple chronic conditions (MCC). Multiple factors contribute to the extent patients on OAAs and MCC medications adhere to therapy. The objective of this study is to improve medication, symptom, and disease management of patients with hematological malignancies and MCC through care coordination between pharmacists. Methods: Design. This is a multi-center prospective single arm pilot study at two academic medical centers in Michigan and Tennessee. Subjects. Ninety participants will be recruited, 60 from site 1 and 30 from site 2. Inclusion criteria are: adults > 18 years, diagnosed with and initiating oral treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, or multiple myeloma, diagnoses of at least 2 chronic conditions, where one is type 2 diabetes, hypertension, congestive heart failure, depression/anxiety, gastroesophageal reflux disease, hyperlipidemia, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, taking at least two chronic medications, and able to provide electronic consent. Exclusion criteria are: inability to speak English, and diagnosis of type 1 diabetes or HIV. Intervention. Participants will complete two Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) for their OAA that will be reviewed by the oncology pharmacist, with follow-up to the care team if needed. Participants will be scheduled for a Comprehensive Medication Review with a primary care pharmacist for up to two visits for their chronic medications. The intervention over 2 months, and the oncology and primary care pharmacists communicate via electronic health record about medications, symptoms, and disease control. Outcomes. The primary endpoints are (a) dose-adjusted adherence by proportion days covered (PDC) for the OAA and (b) PDC for chronic condition medications, assessed using 6 months of prescription claims. Data will be collected from patients using REDCap surveys and abstracted data will be entered into REDCap. Implementation by pharmacists and patient acceptability will be examined. Analysis. The association of OAA and chronic medication adherence (PDC) will be examined via correlation. Participant demographics,clinical characteristics, and the symptom experience from the PROM will be described. Using CMR results, medication problems, recommendations, and changes will be provided. Program implementation will be assessed and patient perceptions obtained from post-CMR interviews. A joint display for the quantitative and qualitative data for feasibility, appropriateness, and acceptability from pharmacists will be completed. Results: Screening and recruitment has begun. Clinical trial information: NCT04595851 and NCT04663100.
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Кузьмина, Анна, Anna Kuz'mina, Ирина Асецкая, Irina Aseckaya, Виталий Поливанов, Vitaliy Polivanov, Сергей Зырянов, Sergey Zyryanov, Сергей Глаголев, and Sergey Glagolev. "Discrepancies in drug labeling texts as a cause of medication errors." Vestnik Roszdravnadzora 2019, no. 3 (June 26, 2019): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35576/article_5d135f4a5a9f62.45142755.
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Contradictions in drug labeling texts for various medicinal products with the same active substance can cause medication errors. We found discrepancies in the Russian drug labeling texts for cefotaxime and oral forms of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 500 + 125 mg. We analyzed Russian database of spontaneous reports. In 18.5% spontaneous reports with cefotaxime as a suspected drug and in 22.0% spontaneous reports with amoxicillin/clavulanate in forms for oral administration as a suspected drug we detected medication errors resulted from deviations from those items of approved drug labels which were not harmonized for different drug manufacturers. Such problems require the participation of regulatory authorities in order to eliminate existing discrepancies.
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Dhaimade, Prita A., and Kulvinder Singh Banga. "Evaluation of chief complaints of patients and prevalence of self-medication for dental problems: an institutional study." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 2 (January 24, 2018): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180249.
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Background: The importance of oral heath in the general wellbeing of our health is still largely undervalued. The current study was designed to comprehend the details of chief complaints and self-medication of the patients visiting a dental hospital in Mumbai. The level of awareness of the patients and its association with the practice of self-medication was also explored in the study. Methods: 300 randomly selected patients reporting to Nair Hospital Dental College were surveyed to conduct this clinical, observational, cross sectional, single center study. A specially designed and validated questionnaire consisting of 14 close ended questions was provided to the patients in the language of their convenience. Results: The most common chief complaint recorded among the dental patients was dental pain. This was followed by swelling, mobility and tooth replacement. The patients reported that most of them had experienced multiple dental problems before and did not report to the dental healthcare provider. 81% of the patients reported that they had practiced some form of self-medication for dental problems. 56.33% of them used analgesics, the pharmacy and over the counter drugs were the most common sources. A number of reasons were reported for the use of these drugs and the most common reason was to get quick or temporary relief but the patients did not report to the health care provider unless the symptoms got severe. Finally a significant relationship was recorded between the level of awareness of patients about the ill effects of self- medication and the prevalence of its practice among dental patients. Conclusions: More attention should be drawn towards the big impact of dental and oral health on the general well-being of the patients. The ethical use of medication should be encouraged not only by ensuring stringent rules governing the distribution of drugs but also by educating patients about the numerous risks involved with the practice of self-medication.
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Saintrain, Maria Vieira de Lima, Suzanne Vieira Saintrain, July Grassiely de Oliveira Branco, José Manuel Peixoto Caldas, Caroline Barbosa Lourenço, and Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes Vieira-Meyer. "Dependence in instrumental activities of daily living and its implications for older adults’ oral health." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 29, 2021): e0249275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249275.
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We aimed to assess the association between dependence in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and oral health in older adults. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 280 people aged ≥60 years served at public primary health care centers in Northeastern Brazil. Sociodemographic, oral discomfort and general health data were collected. The Lawton and Brody scale were used to assess IADL. This research adheres to the STROBE checklist. Most participants were married (n = 139; 49.6%), women (n = 182; 65.0%) and retired (n = 212; 75.7%). A total of 37 (13.2%) older adults had some degree of dependence in IADL. Dependence in IADL was associated with: retirement (p<0.040), poor general health (p = 0.002), speech problems (p = 0.014), use of medications (p = 0.021), difficulty chewing and swallowing food (p = 0.011), voice changes (p = 0.044), edentulism (p = 0.011), use of toothbrush (p<0.001), use of toothpaste (p<0.001), and visit to the dentist in the previous year (p = 0.020). Functional disability was associated with older age, cardiovascular diseases, speech problems, chewing and swallowing difficulties, use of medication and brushing deficiency. The functional dependence in IADL can be considered an indicator of oral health status in older adults.
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Halvorsen, Kjell H., Torunn Stadeløkken, and Beate H. Garcia. "A Stepwise Pharmacist-Led Medication Review Service in Interdisciplinary Teams in Rural Nursing Homes." Pharmacy 7, no. 4 (November 5, 2019): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy7040148.
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Background: The provision of responsible medication therapy to old nursing home residents with comorbidities is a difficult task and requires extensive knowledge about optimal pharmacotherapy for different conditions. We describe a stepwise pharmacist-led medication review service in combination with an interdisciplinary team collaboration in order to identify, resolve, and prevent medication related problems (MRPs). Methods: The service included residents from four rural Norwegian nursing homes during August 2016–January 2017. All residents were eligible if they (or next of kin) supplied oral consent. The interdisciplinary medication review service comprised four steps: (1) patient and medication history taking; (2) systematic medication review; (3) interdisciplinary case conference; and (4) follow-up of pharmaceutical care plan. The pharmacist collected information about previous and present medication use, and clinical and laboratory values necessary for the medication review. The nurses collected information about possible symptoms related to adverse drug reactions. The pharmacist conducted the medication reviews, identified medication-related problems (MRPs) which were discussed at case conferences with the responsible physician and the responsible nurses. The main outcome measures were number and types of MRPs, percentage agreement between pharmacists and physicians and factors associated with MRPs. Results: The service was delivered for 151 (94%) nursing home residents. The pharmacist identified 675 MRPs in 146 (97%) medication lists (mean 4.0, SD 2.6, range 0–13). The MRPs most frequently identified concerned ‘unnecessary drug’ (22%), ‘too high dosage’ (17%) and ‘drug interactions’ (16%). The physicians agreed upon 64% of the pharmacist recommendations, and action was taken immediately for 32% of these. We identified no association between the number of MRPs and sex (p = 0.485), but between the number of MRPs, and the number of medications and the individual nursing homes. Conclusion: The pharmacist-led medication review service in the nursing homes was highly successfully piloted with many solved and prevented MRPs in interdisciplinary collaboration between the pharmacist, physicians, and nurses. Implementation of this service as a standard in all four nursing homes seems necessary and feasible. If such a service is implemented, effects related to patient outcomes, interdisciplinary collaboration, and health economy should be studied.
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Swastini, Dewa Ayu, and Made Krisna Adi Jaya. "Research study on patient’s desire to get oral antibiotics for self medication at community pharmacy in bali-indonesia." Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences 11, no. 2 (March 30, 2022): 4747–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v11i2.3051.
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Oral antibiotics are one of the drugs that must be used wisely. Irrational use can cause fatal problems, including resistance and increased mortality due to infection. Many people try to get oral antibiotics without a doctor's prescription. This behaviour is worrying because it can lead to irrational use of antibiotics. This study aimed to identify the factors that encourage people to get oral antibiotics without a doctor's prescription, especially in Bali-Indonesia. A cross-sectional study design was conducted to identify factors that encourage patients to take oral antibiotics without a doctor's prescription. The identified factors were then analyzed in relation to the demographic characteristics of the patient. A total of 400 respondents were successfully observed. 59% of respondents came to the community pharmacy to try to get Amoxicillin, 75% of them stated that they had health problems such as cough, cold, painful swallowing. As many as 52% of respondents indicated that they knew about this antibiotic from their previous healing experience with the same symptoms, and 95% of them tried to buy oral antibiotics because it was more efficient and saved money. Factor analysis found three characteristics influencing this behaviour: age, distance from residence to the pharmacy, and insurance ownership. Most of the people in Bali tried self-medication with oral antibiotics. This condition is at risk of causing antibiotic resistance will be broader in the future. The founding of this. Keywords: Oral Antibiotics, Self Medication, Community Pharmacy, Bali.
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Popp, Bianca Stephanie, Marinela Minodora Manea, and Mădălina Oana Moraru. "TREATMENT ADHERENCE AND SOCIAL FUNCTIONING IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AND TREATED WITH ANTIPSYCHOTIC DEPOT MEDICATION." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 87, no. 2 (July 1, 2014): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-292.
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Background and aim. Some of the most significant problems encountered in the treatment of schizophrenia are non-adherence to the treatment with oral neuroleptics and difficult recovery of social functioning, after its impairment by negative psychotic symptoms and the progression of the disease with episodes of remission and relapse. Methods. This study comparatively assesses the parameters ”social functioning” and ”treatment adherence” in 34 outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia at the Adult Psychiatry Clinic III and the Adult Mental Health Center of Cluj-Napoca, using the ”Medication Adherence Rating Scale” (MARS) and the ”Social Adaptation Self- evaluation Scale”.Results. The two scales revealed that patients on depot medication tend to have better social functioning and social integration rates than patients for whom oral medication was prescribed. Despite the fact that most patients participating in the study had intellectual preoccupations and, to some extent, enjoyed working, 82% of them did not have a job. The percentage of those who did was higher in the cohort of patients on depot medication (63%) than in the cohort of patients for whom orally administered medication was prescribed (53%).Conclusions. Treatment adherence in patients with schizophrenia is thus significantly improved by depot medication, whereas treatment effectiveness and the frequency of adverse effects are similar for the two treatment options.
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De Hert, Marc, Dominique Van Eyck, Linda Hanssens, Hendrik Peuskens, Erik Thys, Martien Wampers, Andre Scheen, and Jozef Peuskens. "Oral glucose tolerance tests in treated patients with schizophrenia." European Psychiatry 21, no. 4 (June 2006): 224–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.05.011.
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AbstractObjectiveA recent consensus conference has proposed guidelines for the monitoring for diabetes in patients with schizophrenia and also identifies the need of long-term prospective studies.MethodsA large scale prospective study on metabolic risks of antipsychotic medication is currently ongoing. At baseline, patients get a full laboratory screening, ECG and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Baseline data on 100 non-diabetic patients at study inclusion and stable on medication for at least 6 months are presented.ResultsGlucose abnormalities are found in 22% of patients at baseline. A monitoring protocol based only on fasting glucose would not have detected 63.6% of these patients with classifiable glucose abnormalities in our sample. Fasting insulin and measures for insulin resistance have a high predictive value for abnormalities late in the OGTT.ConclusionsAlready at baseline, metabolic problems are frequently present in patients with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotics. Adding assessment of fasting insulin in a monitoring protocol improves detection of glucose abnormalities late in an OGTT.
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Vandael, Femke, Maria-Eleni Filippitzi, Jeroen Dewulf, Els Daeseleire, Mia Eeckhout, Mathias Devreese, and Siska Croubels. "Oral group medication in pig production: characterising medicated feed and drinking water systems." Veterinary Record 185, no. 13 (August 19, 2019): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.105495.
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Despite common use of oral group medication in pig rearing, the homogeneity, stability and carry-over of frequently used medicinal products in feed and drinking water are largely unknown. Therefore, a field study was performed on 52 Belgian pig farms, characterising preparation and administration of medicinal products via these systems, and farmers’ user experiences with medicated feed and medicated drinking water. The study showed that medicated drinking water is more commonly used than medicated feed, since 90.4 per cent of the farms sometimes use medicated drinking water and 69.2 per cent of the farms sometimes use medicated feed. The drinking water quality is evaluated at least once a year on only 30.7 per cent of the farms. Separate pipelines for medicated and non-medicated circuits were not present in any of the farms using medicated feed and in 27.7 per cent of the farms using medicated drinking water. With drinking water medication, 63.5 per cent of the farmers reported encountering practical problems, often related to solubility issues and precipitation of the active compounds. In contrast, medicated feed is bought ready-to-use from the feed manufacturer in 68.2 per cent of the cases, thus reducing the number of practical problems experienced by the farmer. This study shows room for improvement of oral group treatment, developing appropriate pharmaceutical formulations for drinking water medication, quality control of drinking water, using separate pipeline circuits, and cleaning and disinfecting protocols.
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Mills, Thomas M. "New Biochemical Pathway May Control Erection." Scientific World JOURNAL 1 (2001): 184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.29.
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Thirty million men in the U.S. suffer from erectile dysfunction (ED) defined by their inability to achieve or maintain a penile erection sufficient for intercourse. An unestimated number of women also suffer from sexual dysfunction resulting from many of the same causes that lead to ED in men. There are a variety of treatments available for ED including intracavernosal injection, transurethral therapy, surgery, vacuum therapy, and oral medication. Unfortunately, not all patients benefit from these currently available forms of therapy, and side effects are not uncommon. Sildenafil (Viagra) has been a highly successful drug for the treatment of ED but it does not work in all men [5]. Some may experience a variety of side effects, and Viagra is contraindicated to some cardiac medications. These problems point to the need for new and different approaches to the treatment of sexual problems.
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Sandul, A., M. Buracovschi, and N. Buracovschi. "Cervical dissecting hematoma associated with the use of oral anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet therapy: three clinical cases." ORL.ro 3, no. 1 (September 24, 2016): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26416/orl.32.3.2016.149.
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The authors present three cases that required emergency admission for rapidly aggravating dyspnoea and severely impaired deglutition of sudden onset in patients treated with Coumarin derivatives, and/or antiplatelets for potential risk of thrombotic vascular events. The problems in establishing a diagnosis and differential diagnosis, the complexity of emergency therapy and the management of medication during hemostasis required a multidisciplinary team of specialists in ENT, Intensive Care, Cardiology, Imaging and Laboratory Medicine. The article highlights the ENT emergency management issues in these cases with a complex pathological background, which have in common the necessity to offer assistance and secure breathing for pharyngolaryngeal dyspnoea.
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Diaz-Caneja, A., A. Hernández, and M. I. Toral. "Community treatment for adolescents with mental health problems." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1699.
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IntroductionThis is the case of a 15-year-old boy who had been socially isolated in his house for over 1 year. He had become increasingly agitated, but refused any help offered.ObjectivesTo establish the role of community treatment in adolescents with mental health problems.MethodsSummary of the interventions taken place during the treatmentResultsInitially this young person refused any medical treatment, so we tried first supportive therapy and CBT. He dicho not obtain any benefits as he appeared experiencias paranoid ideation and thoughts of being persecuted in the streets. With support from the occupational therapist, the young person started to take care of his personal hygiene. Afterwards he started to take oral medication with partial response. We decided to switch to im treatment. In conjunction with CBT, the young person was gradually able to llaves the house. All the sessions during the first few months took place at his family home. These visits were weekly or twice weekly. Once he left the house, he attended the grupos at the day hospital. After 18 months, he was discharged without medication and he is currently studying for a degree.ConclusionsCommunity treatment in adolescent with mental health problems is a better opción to establish good rapport and avoid stressful situations that could take place in an in-patient facilita.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Sheikh, Tehsinabanu, Cindy Wu, Niree Kalfayan, Leanne Sakamoto, and Rita Shane. "Health-system specialty pharmacy impact on oral chemotherapy outcomes." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2021): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.240.
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240 Background: Oral chemotherapy usage has grown significantly over the years as it provides a more convenient and less invasive administrative option for patients.In 2019, 89% of large hospitals owned and operated their own Health System Specialty Pharmacies (HSSP)1.Pharmacist-led medication therapy management services are crucial to provide patient education, monitoring of medication adherence and adverse effect management. With the current vertical integration of health plans and pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) increasing their dominance over specialty dispensing channels, HSSP are often excluded from specialty networks. The objective of this study is to compare outcomes of oncology patients filling their oral chemotherapy at Cedars Sinai Medical Center (CSMC) Specialty Pharmacy versus those who are filling their medications at outside specialty pharmacies (OSP). Methods: Electronic health records were used to conduct a retrospective chart review of patients started on oral chemotherapy at CSMC between January 2019 to January 2021. Primary endpoints included time to treatment (TTT) and proportion of days covered (PDC). Secondary endpoints included drug-related problems (DRPs) and treatment-related ED visits and hospitalizations. DRPs were categorized by severity and type of intervention. Results: There were 100 patients included in the study: CSMC group (n = 50) and OSP group (n = 50). Patients in the CMSC group had significantly shorter TTT compared to OSP group (4 days vs. 9.5 days, respectively [P < 0.0026]), as well as a higher PDC (99.5% vs 91%, respectively [P < 0.0005]). Pharmacists identified and resolved 31 DRPs in CSMC arm with 19 DRPs categorized as serious and 1 DRP categorized as life-threatening. For the OSP group, 23 preventable DRPs were identified with 12 DRPs categorized as serious and 1 DRP categorized as life-threatening. There were no treatment-related ED visits or hospitalizations in either group. Conclusions: Patients filling their oral chemotherapy at CSMC Specialty Pharmacy had significantly quicker TTT and higher adherence rates as measured by PDC. Numerous DRPs were identified for OSP patients; potential pharmacist-interventions could have led to optimized and safer medication therapy if filled at a HSSP. Continued research comparing treatment outcomes and interventions made between HSSP and OSP can create a strong argument for health plans and PBMs to consider inclusion of HSSPs into their specialty networks. References: Pedersen CA, Schneider PJ, Ganio MC, Scheckelhoff DJ. ASHP national survey of pharmacy practice in hospital settings: Prescribing and transcribing—2019. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy. 2020;77(13):1026-1050. doi:10.1093/ajhp/zxaa104
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Solomon, Jenna M., Veronica B. Ajewole, Amy M. Schneider, Manvi Sharma, and Eric H. Bernicker. "Evaluation of the prescribing patterns, adverse effects, and drug interactions of oral chemotherapy agents in an outpatient cancer center." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 25, no. 7 (August 31, 2018): 1564–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155218798150.
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Purpose Although oral chemotherapy offers advantages over intravenous chemotherapy, it creates a unique set of challenges. Potential barriers include treatment complexity, patient responsibility for medication adherence and monitoring, reduced healthcare contact, and increased financial burden. The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of drug-related problems among a sample of patients treated with oral chemotherapy agents. Methods A single-center, retrospective chart review was conducted on patients prescribed oral chemotherapy at our institution between 1 January 2017 and 31 August 2017. The primary endpoint was the incidence of drug-related toxicities within 90 days of starting treatment. Secondary endpoints included incidence of drug–drug interactions, proportion of patients receiving medication education by a clinical pharmacist, and quantification of issues related to medication access. Results Charts of 100 patients were reviewed. Median time to oral chemotherapy receipt by the patient from the day the order was written was eight days. Prior to initiating therapy, 27% of patients received education by a clinical pharmacist. Toxicity checks were conducted by the provider at 30, 60, and 90 days for 80%, 65%, and 48% of patients, respectively. Treatment-related toxicities secondary to oral chemotherapy were reported by 79% of patients, with 55% classified as severe. Potential drug interactions were in 55% of the patients. Conclusion Data from this study have highlighted avenues for pharmacists to make an impact on patients newly started on oral chemotherapy. Opportunities exist to increase patient education, ensure appropriate follow-up, and assess adherence while preventing and managing treatment-related toxicities.
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Dasgupta, Arup, Sayandev Dasgupta, Supratik Sen, Sukanta Sen, and Girish Kishore Sinha. "Benzodiazepine hypnotics as oral preanaesthetic medication: a comparative clinical study." International Surgery Journal 4, no. 1 (December 13, 2016): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20164460.
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Background:An ideal pre-medicant should allay fear and anxiety without producing its effect on vital functions of the body and body chemistry, with minimal depression of the respiratory and circulatory systems. The ideal pre-medicant with all good qualities and no side effects at all is yet to be found. The search for a drug which will be an appropriate pre-anesthetic medication is still going.Methods: Four drugs of BZD group namely diazepam, nitrazepam, lorazepam, and oxazepam were chosen as oral pre-anesthetic medication. Total number of cases were 100, of which 25 patients belonging to each group of drug respectively. Standard doses of oxazepam (30 mg), nitrazepam (5 mg), diazepam (10 mg) and lorazepam (2 mg) by oral route were administered. All study participants were examined night before operation to observe the following clinical parameters like level of apprehension, excitement, blood pressure, heart rate, respiration (rate, rhythm and minute volume).Results:Diazepam and nitrazepam produced fair degree of sedation whereas oxazepam appears to be lagging behind. So far as anxiolysis is concerned, all the drugs appear to be good anxiolytics. Nausea, vomiting and dizziness are some of the problems which may occasionally be faced by this group of drug. On reassessment of patients 60 minutes after premedication, it was revealed that the efficacy so as anxiolysis and sedative effect is concerned was in the following order, lorazepam headed the list; diazepam and nitrazepam followed closely and oxazepam was at the bottom. Toxicity in all the four drugs were minimal. The degree of sleepiness varied from drug to drug. Ninety minute after premedication patients were found to be in a better state of sedation than at 60 minute’s level in all the four groups. The degree of sedation and anxiolysis was in the same order as that of 60 minutes level.Conclusions:The overall impression was that four members of the benzodiazepines, serve as as a good premedication in the absence of pain. The sedation and anxioysis produced by them are of fair degree even when given orally. Side effects produced were minimal except in the lorazepam group when they are used as night time sedative. Given orally only lorazepam is capable of producing anterograde amnesia.
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Tudela-Lopez, E., C. Labut, and G. Stemer. "CP-055 The clinical pharmacist resolves medication related problems in cranio, maxillofacial and oral surgery patients." European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 23, Suppl 1 (February 14, 2016): A24.1—A24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.55.
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Aldeeri, Arwa, Haya Alzaid, Renad Alshunaiber, Shahad Meaigel, Naila Shaheen, and Abdallah Adlan. "Patterns of Self-Medication Behavior for Oral Health Problems Among Adults Living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia." Pharmacy 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy6010015.
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Stepović, Miloš, Dalibor Stajić, Zlata Rajković, Milena Maričić, and Marija Sekulić. "Barriers affecting the oral health of people diagnosed with depression: A systematic review." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 59, no. 4 (October 18, 2020): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2020-0034.
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AbstractIntroductionThe problems of oral health of people diagnosed with depression are not adequately recognized, either in developed or developing countries. Social stigma, lack of self-interest, or even inadequate approaches of dental doctors towards the unique situation of this group of people this lead to excessive oral health problems.MethodsThe bibliographic database PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and Whiley online library were searched using the following text and MeSH as separate key terms and in combination: depression and oral health/dental caries/periodontal disease/tooth loss/utilization of oral health services/and barriers. The content of documents was analysed using qualitative methodology.ResultsTwenty-six original studies were included in the review. Level/severity of depression, medication and medical comorbidity are the most important medical barriers influencing the oral health of people diagnosed with depression. Dental fear and anxiety are mostly combined with low oral hygiene and bad oral health. Socioeconomic status, dental insurance, bad habits and education also have important roles in the oral health status of people diagnosed with depression.ConclusionIncluding individuals with depression and oral health problems in national health programs, creating specific prevention programs, or subsidizing the cost of treatment are some of the recommendations suggested as solutions.
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Zukin, Mauro, Marcos Coelho Simões Travassos Soares, Nathalia Fonseca Gamboa, Fabiano Hosken Pombo, and Lucyana Carvalho. "Oral chemotherapy follow up on a Brazilian private health care unit." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e18311-e18311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e18311.
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e18311 Background: Oral antineoplastic therapy is a growing reality, and ensures greater comfort and better quality of life for patients. However, this modality of treatment requires greater attention of the professionals to avoid dispensing errors and to guarantee adherence to the treatment. The goal of this study is to present a method to follow up cancer patients to reduce percentage of problems related to medication and improve oral antineoplastic adherence. Methods: The study was conducted at a private oncology clinic in Rio de Janeiro during the year 2018. In the first dispensation, patients received verbal and written pharmaceutical advice on posology, proper storage, safe handling requirements and strategies to avoid adverse side effects and food and drugs interactions. There were also given nutrition, sexuality, rights and duties guidelines. To improve adherence and to avoid forgetfulness or duplicity of dosing, patients received a medication calendar. Pharmacist made dispensing, managed adverse side effects and assessed adherence of patient using a model based on Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Patients that answered "yes" to any questions were considered non-adherents. All information was registered in medical record. Non-compliances were considered: wrong medicine, incorrect dose and delays of any administrative reason. Results: In 2018, on average 1487 dispensings were made and 1053 patients’ adherence behavior were measured. 94.37% were considered adherent. Monthly percentage of non-compliance was 1.5% of dispensings. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that with education and pharmaceutical follow-up since the first dispensation, it is possible to guarantee a safer and more effective treatment for patients using oral cancer medication. It is imperative to maintain the objective of developing better techniques for dispensing, guiding and guaranteeing high adherence.
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Sovtic, Aleksandar, Tamara Peric, Predrag Minic, and Dejan Markovic. "How to Maintain Oral Health in Children with Respiratory Diseases –Literature Review." Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjdm-2019-0002.
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SummaryThe most frequent chronic respiratory problems in childhood are asthma and cystic fibrosis (CF). The purpose of this paper is to review basic knowledge and recent advances in oral health and associated dental morbidities in children with asthma and CF. This review considered clinical trials and systematic reviews related to oral health in children with CRD. An online base Medline was searched to determine relevant papers, using the combination of the following terms: “asthma”, “cystic fibrosis”, “caries”, “dental erosion”, and “oral health”. Oral health problems in children with chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) may be influenced by natural course of the disease, pharmacotherapy (inhalation therapy with bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids in asthmatic patients, systemic antibiotics and pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in CF patients), medication administration technique and nutritional habits. Children with CRD may have higher prevalence of oral diseases. Patients and their parents, but also general paediatricians and pulmonologists, should be aware of importance of good oral health. Dental practitioners should be more informed about risk factors and specificities of oral health in these patients. Preventive measures, early diagnosis and effective treatment strategies in children with CRD can reduce occurrence of oral diseases and improve patient’s quality of life.
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Mahboob, Muhammad Bilal Hassan, Tehseen Riaz, Muhammad Jamshaid, Irfan Bashir, and Saqiba Zulfiqar. "Oral Films: A Comprehensive Review." International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 5, no. 12 (November 18, 2016): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v5i12.30413.
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In the late 1970s, rapid disintegrating drug delivery system was developed as an alternative to capsules, tablets and syrups for geriatric and pediatric patients having problems in swallowing. To overcome the need, number of orally disintegrating tablets which disintegrate within one minute in mouth without chewing or drinking water were commercialized. Then later, oral drug delivery technology had been improved from conventional dosage form to modified release dosage form and developed recently rapid disintegrating films rather than oral disintegrating tablets. Oral disintegrating film or strips containing water dissolving polymer retain the dosage form to be quickly hydrated by saliva, adhere to mucosa, and disintegrate within a few seconds, dissolve and releases medication for oro-mucosal absorption when placed in mouth. Oral film technology is the alternative route with first pass metabolism. This review give a comprehensive detail of materials used in ODF, manufacturing process, evaluation tests and marketed products.Mahboob et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, November 2016, 5(12): 111-117http://www.icpjonline.com/documents/Vol5Issue12/03.pdf
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Yazdanian, Mohsen, Pouya Rostamzadeh, Mahdi Rahbar, Mostafa Alam, Kamyar Abbasi, Elahe Tahmasebi, Hamid Tebyaniyan, Reza Ranjbar, Alexander Seifalian, and Alireza Yazdanian. "The Potential Application of Green-Synthesized Metal Nanoparticles in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review." Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2022 (March 3, 2022): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2311910.
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Orodental problems have long been managed using herbal medicine. The development of nanoparticle formulations with herbal medicine has now become a breakthrough in dentistry because the synthesis of biogenic metal nanoparticles (MNPs) using plant extracts can address the drawbacks of herbal treatments. Green production of MNPs such as Ag, Au, and Fe nanoparticles enhanced by plant extracts has been proven to be beneficial in managing numerous orodental disorders, even outperforming traditional materials. Nanostructures are utilized in dental advances and diagnostics. Oral disease prevention medicines, prostheses, and tooth implantation all employ nanoparticles. Nanomaterials can also deliver oral fluid or pharmaceuticals, treating oral cancers and providing a high level of oral healthcare. These are also found in toothpaste, mouthwash, and other dental care products. However, there is a lack of understanding about the safety of nanomaterials, necessitating additional study. Many problems, including medication resistance, might be addressed using nanoparticles produced by green synthesis. This study reviews the green synthesis of MNPs applied in dentistry in recent studies (2010–2021).
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Shrestha, Lajana, and Sirjana Dahal. "Oral Health Related Quality of Life among Completely Edentulous Patients using Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index." Journal of Nepalese Society of Periodontology and Oral Implantology 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnspoi.v3i2.30881.
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Introduction: Complete loss of teeth, though not life threatening, does have a significant impact on an individual, resulting in functional, psychological, and social limitations, affecting the quality of life and general health. Oral health related quality of life describes the outcomes of oral health conditions and therapy to those conditions.
Objective: Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index questionnaire (GOHAI) consists of 12 items that have an impact on quality of life of the older population, such as functional limitation, psycho-social limitation, and self-medication administered for dental pain. The study aimed to assess the effects of complete edentulousness before prosthodontic rehabilitation using GOHAI.
Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire study was done among 35 completely edentulous patients prior to prosthodontic rehabilitation using standardised GOHAI questionnaire consisting of 12 items and the twelfth item was eliminated due to its irrelevancy in the study group.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 64.86±8.28 years with the mean duration of edentulousness of 4.02±5.4 years. The ability to swallow comfortably had highest mean GOHAI score (2.80±0.47) followed by use of medication to relieve pain and discomfort around the mouth. The least mean GOHAI score was found in trouble biting or chewing any kinds of food, such as firm meat or apples (1.26±0.56). However, the psychosocial impairment due to problems associated with complete edentulousness was less.
Conclusion: Complete edentulousness was associated with impairment in physical functions like trouble in biting and chewing, with a need to limit the kinds and amount of food.
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Bhattarai, Mukem, and Amit Kumar Gupta. "Fast Dissolving Oral Films: A Novel Trend to Oral Drug Delivery System." Sunsari Technical College Journal 2, no. 1 (April 28, 2016): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/stcj.v2i1.14802.
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Oral routes are most commonly preferred route for delivering drug. Most common oral dosage forms are tablet and capsules. But many patients such as geriatric, pediatric and dysphasic patients find difficult to swallow conventional tablet and capsule. To overcome various problems related to swallowing, Fast dissolving Tablets (FDTs) were designed in early 19th century and hence further advancement has led to development of Fast Dissolving Oral Films (FDOFs). In the recent years, many of the pharmaceutical groups are focusing their research on rapid dissolving technology. Amongst the plethora of avenues explored for rapid drug releasing product, FDOFs technology is gaining much attention. These are solid dosage forms, which disintegrate or dissolve within 1 min when placed in the mouth without drinking water or mastication. This technology has been used for local action as well as rapid release products. The fast dissolving oral films are formulated using various Active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), film forming polymers, plasticizer, flavors, colors and sweeteners. Initially FDOFs are up to breath strips, confection and oral care markets. But now it became a novel and widely accepted technology for delivering OTC and prescription medication too.Sunsari Technical College Journal 2015, 2(1):58-68
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Sultane, Pratibha, Sakshi Chhabra, Nagesh Bhat, Somesh Choudhary, Mandar Todkar, Pratibha Singh, Shriya Amitbhai Patel, and Shivani Patel. "Perception about Self-medication Practices for Oral Health Problems among Patients attending Dental Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India." International Journal of Oral Care & Research 5, no. 1 (2017): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10051-0081.
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Gowdar, InderjitMurugendrappa, MeshalMohammed Alhaqbani, AhmadMohammed Almughirah, SaeedAbdullah Basalem, FahadIbrahim Alsultan, and MohammedRashed Alkhathlan. "Knowledge and practice about self-medication for oral health problems among population in Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences 13, no. 5 (2021): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_702_20.
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Aloyouny, Ashwag Yagoub. "Over-The-Counter Oral Hygiene Products Misuse: A Case Report." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 14, no. 4 (December 24, 2021): 1413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/14.4.6.
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Oral hygiene products (OHP) are recommended to maintain the teeth and health of the oral cavity tissues by assisting in lowering the plaque level as well as the opportunistic flora. Oral hygiene products could cause oral health problems that may vary in severity. Due to the availability of over-the-counter (OTC) medications and lack of knowledge, customers may misuse these products. An oral hygiene product is a double-edged sword; a customer would develop side effects from it without even knowing or correlating the source. Many signs and symptoms may appear on the patients such as oral and perioral burning sensations, swelling, erythema, dysgeusia, and dysphagia. To our knowledge and based on the review of English literature through PubMed Midline, this is the first case report of misuse because of an over-the-counter oral hygiene product in which the patient used a mouthwash continuously and aggressively for 15 days without knowing of its side effects. This case report presents an eighty-two-year-old, male patient who complained of pain, burning, swollen, and dry mouth and lips. The author discussed the most common ingredients of oral mouthwashes. Some active ingredients may irritate the oral mucosa and lips. Also, the author discussed the possible differential diagnosis of painful, sensitive, burning, swollen, and dry mouth and lips. This report is intended as an overview of a rare and unusual oral condition associated with the misuse of OTC oral hygiene products. The findings of the present study necessitated the need for clear verbal and written instructions to be provided to the patients before recommending or prescribing any type of medication.
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Velligan, Dawn, and Martha Sajatovic. "T236. A PROGRAM TO INCREASE THE APPROPRIATE USE OF LONG-ACTING ANTIPSYCHOTIC MEDICATIONS IN COMMUNITY SETTINGS." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S322—S323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa029.796.
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Abstract Background Antipsychotic medications are evidence-based treatments for schizophrenia that improve health outcomes and reduce costs. However, rates of non-adherence to oral antipsychotic medications can exceed 60%. We examined whether a simple checklist to identify individuals not receiving optimum benefit from current oral antipsychotic treatment (NOB Checklist) and The Multi-level Facilitation of Long-acting Antipsychotic Medication Program (MAP) could increase the appropriate use of long-acting injectable antipsychotic medication (LAI) in community clinics. Methods Two clinics in Texas and two in Ohio changed clinical procedures in one of two ways 1) NOB only clinics--providers used a five-item checklist to identify individuals with schizophrenia on oral antipsychotics who were Not receiving Optimum Benefit from current treatment and may therefore benefit from a switch to LAI. 2) MAP- providers used the NOB checklist AND received MAP; MAP is a novel behavior change intervention designed to improve the identification of individuals who could benefit from LAI, improve their outcomes and reduce inappropriate use of resources associated with poor adherence. MAP targets 3 stakeholder groups 1) the consumer for whom peer specialists showed a video describing shared decision making and how to make a choice between tablets and injections, and provided a balanced shared-decision making tool to assist them in choosing medication route,2) the provider who received academic detailing describing various LAI options, how to make good offers as part of a shared decision making dialogue, and important benefits of LAI including the ability to disentangle efficacy versus poor adherence and to help individuals with cognitive and practical problems that lead to poor adherence, and 3) the administrators who received information on how LAI could improve outcomes for individuals and clinic processes, how to encourage the use of LAI among providers and how to provide regular feedback to providers about prescribing practices. The primary outcome was the percentage of LAI versus oral antipsychotic medication prescribed to individuals with schizophrenia. Results Higher NOB checklist scores were associated with an increased provider likelihood of LAI offers and increased consumer acceptance of LAI. All clinics increased use of LAI over time. In Texas, where MAP was fully implemented, the MAP clinic had greater use of LAI over time (eventually reaching about 50% of all antipsychotic use) vs. the NOB only clinic. In Cleveland, the patient stakeholder curriculum was not delivered and there was no significant difference in LAI use between MAP and NOB clinics. Discussion The NOB checklist appears to be a useful tool to help identify patients who might be appropriate candidates for LAI and the full MAP program may help clinicians and consumers to work together to optimize the appropriate use of LAI in outpatient settings. Implementation must be customized for clinics and workflows to determine which parts of the MAP program are practical and appropriate. Participation of consumer stakeholders may be essential to delivery of the MAP Program.
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Parveen, Sajida, Ghufran Zafar, and Rukhshanda Nosheen. "Patients with Severe Asthma: Analysis of Future Risks." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 5 (May 30, 2021): 893–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs21155893.
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The upcoming severe health problems can be due to the asthmatic burdens. Severe asthma can lead to dangerous exacerbation and damage of pulmonary function. It can also affect medication-related problems for example steroids. In routine practice, the risk of asthma is not easily detectable. The present tools for the measurement and diagnosis of asthma and asthma-related morbidity cannot surely predict the upcoming risks of morbidity due to medication. The article reviews the existing evidence of upcoming danger in people with asthma. This review is pivoted on the danger in people with “controlled” acute asthma. It is obvious from some studies that long-term use of corticosteroids cannot stop the progression of asthma and lung damage. The other results show that the adverse effect of the drugs increases even with the lesser dose of oral corticosteroids. So, there is a need for new therapies for the reduction of upcoming risks due to asthma. Keywords: Asthma, Risk, Severity.
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Eltorki, Y., M. El Tahir, B. El Husein, and O. Abdallah. "Psychotropic medication for challenging behavior in people with learning disabilities in Qatar." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1910.
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IntroductionChallenging behavior is a common reason for referral to psychiatric service. Psychotropic medications widely used to modify behaviors, even when no evidence of diagnosable mental illness. However, literature show little evidence that benefits outweigh the risks in their prescription. Monitoring using International guidelines may help improving the outcomes. We audit current practice against known standards.Objectives- To assess adherence within the Qatar Mental Health Services to National guidelines on using medication to manage behavior problems in adults with a learning disability. - To identify strengths and weaknesses in current practice. - To Make recommendations to improve LD patient careMethodsPatients with LD attending psychiatric clinic screened using selection and exclusion criteria and data collected and analyzed using format from the International standards.Results102 patients screened, 85 selected and 17 cases excluded Age range 18 to 50 years. 27% mild, 29% moderate and 44% severe LD, Autism 40% Psychiatric Diagnosis 55% Challenging behavior 45% Antipsychotic prescribing: 79% Rationale documented in 74%, Capacity assessment in 81%, Review of side effects in 53% Safety of medication in 61%, Medication discontinuation in 66%, Reasons for discontinuation in 36%ConclusionsAntipsychotics use (79%) is high with several combinations of IM and oral or more than 2 drugs. There is need for improvement across all standards. Rationalising the prescribing for LD patients to improve the outcomes for the safety of these patients. The audit indicate need for specialist service to monitor prescribing and apply standards of care in clinical service.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Dewi, Renie Kumala. "MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC LYMPHADENOPATHY WITH POOR ORAL HYGIENE IN CHILDREN (CASE REPORT)." Dentino : Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 5, no. 2 (August 15, 2020): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/dentino.v5i2.8950.
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ABSTRACTBackground. Lymphadenopathy is a common clinical feeding an anomaly in the size and consistency of lymph nodes. Local bacterial infection causes cervical adenopathy when the lymph nodes responded to local infection. Cervical lymphadenopathy is a common problems in pediatric. Lymph node with more than 10 mm diameter is usually considered abnormal. Lymph node enlargement caused by a chronic infection is known as chronic lymphadenopathy. Objectives. Discovery management of chronic lymphadenopathy in children with poor oral hygiene.Case. A 9-year-old boy came to Pediatric Dentistry Specialist Gusti Hasan Aman Dental Hospital with his parents with a complaint of pain in his right tooth posterior mandible for the last week. The patient had received medication, however the pain still existed. Extraoral examination revealed symmetrical face, a node on the middle neck sizing 30 mm in diameter for 4 years. The lump was treated several times with no progress in size. Intraoral examination revealed a cavity in posterior lower left tooth and painful in the last 5 days without any treatment. Plaque score showed poor oral hygiene.Case Management. Based on extraoral examination, the nodule on the neck reduced in size from 30 mm to 7 mm after treatment with antibiotic, anti-inflammatory medication, dental care and control periodic for oral hygiene management. Conclusion. Early detection and accurate lymphadenopathy diagnosis is important for successful therapy. Oral hygiene improvement can help in the healing process of chronic lymphadenopathy which occurred for 4 years. Keyword: Limphadenophaty chronic, Oral hygiene, Staphylococcus aureus