Journal articles: 'Oral hygiene programme'

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Kumawat, Harish K., Ashok Kumar, Dev Narayan, Dinesh K. Sharma, Sanjay Nagda, and Vivek Choubisa. "Effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and practices regarding oral hygiene among middle school children at Udaipur." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 3292. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20212326.

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Background: The vision of the Indian dental association is to improve oral health and achieving optimal national oral health for all. So, the present study was aimed to improve the knowledge and practice regarding oral hygiene using STP (structured teaching programme) among selected middle school children at Udaipur.Methods: Evaluative research approach and pre-experimental, one-group pre-test, post-test designs were adopted for this study. Using a non-probability, convenient sampling technique, sixty children were recruited from the sixth and seventh standards of selected middle schools at Udaipur city. Tools included demographic data, a self-structured knowledge questionnaire and an observational checklist. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential values by IBM statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 23) software.Results: Data revealed that there was a lack of knowledge and practice (tooth brushing technique) on oral hygiene among middle school children which can be increased by administering STP on oral hygiene. The mean and standard deviation of post-test knowledge score and practice score 15.73±1.19 and 8.41±1.66 was higher than the mean and standard deviation of pre-test knowledge score and practice score 5.11±1.14 and 4.27±179 respectively.Conclusions: Greater attention to STP on oral hygiene is needed to improve knowledge and practice (tooth brushing technique) regarding oral hygiene among middle school children.

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Matic, Sava, Mirjana Ivanovic, and Predrag Nikolic. "Evaluation of a prevention programme efficiency for patients with fixed orthodontic appliances." Vojnosanitetski pregled 68, no. 3 (2011): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1103214m.

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Background/Aim. Orthodontic treatment enables the establishment of functional occlusion and improvement of oral health, however, it increases the risk of periodontal disease development. The aim of this paper was to examine the efficiency of the applied programme for the prevention of gingivitis in children undergoing the fixed orthodontic appliance therapy and to determine the most efficient devices and techniques for maintaining oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment. Methods. The study included 80 patients of both genders - 60 patients comprised the experimental group and 20 patients comprised the control group. All of them were patients of the Clinic for Orthodontics at the School of Dentistry in Belgrade, aged between 13 and 18. The Silness-L?e Plaque Index (PI) was utilised for the assessment of oral hygiene quality and Silness-L?e Gingival Index (GI) and M?hlemann Papilla Bleeding Index (PBI) were utilised for the assessment of gingival state. Checkups were conducted as a single-blind study at the beginning and after the first, the third and the sixth month of the preventive and prophylactic programme. Results. During the observed period, a statistically significant change in PI, GI and PBI values was noticed (p < 0.005), as well as the difference in the dynamics of value changes during the periods between the observed groups. Conclusion. The preventive programme, applied to children undergoing the fixed orthodontic appliance therapy, had a positive effect both on oral hygiene quality and gingival state. The values of the examined parameters of the patients from the experimental group were significantly lower in comparison with those of the patients from the control group. The most efficient combination of devices for oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment was: a Curaprox CP5460 toothbrush, CD Ortho 60 orthodontic toothbrush and Curaprox CPS 14 interdental brush.

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Portella, Fernando F., Aline W. Rocha, Daniel C. Haddad, Carmem B. B. Fortes, Fernando N. Hugo, Dalva M. P. Padilha, and Susana M. W. Samuel. "Oral hygiene caregivers’ educational programme improves oral health conditions in institutionalised independent and functional elderly." Gerodontology 32, no. 1 (March 14, 2013): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ger.12049.

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Samson, Heidi, Liv Berven, and Gunhild V. Strand. "Long-term effect of an oral healthcare programme on oral hygiene in a nursing home." European Journal of Oral Sciences 117, no. 5 (October 2009): 575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00673.x.

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Knezevic, Ranka, Ivana Skrobic, Branka Celic, and Nina Zubovic. "Preventive programme for improving oral health in primary school children in Banjaluka." Serbian Dental Journal 56, no. 3 (2009): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs0903123k.

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Introduction. Dental caries and periodontal disease are the most frequent oral diseases and therefore determine oral health condition. The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of the preventive programme for improving oral health in primary school children from first to fourth grade in Banjaluka. Material and methods.. Triennial study started in 2005 and included 911 second grade and 1491 fourth grade pupils in primary schools in Banjaluka. The study was completed in 2008. In the school year of 2007/08, 885 fourth grade pupils (examined in 2005. as second grade pupils) who were comprised by prevention program were reexamined. Dental check-ups were conducted by dentists on daylight using dental mirror and dental probe. Caries prevalence was analyzed using the DMFT index while oral hygiene was assessed using oral hygiene index (OHI). Results. The structure of DMFT among the second grade pupils (in the school year 2005/06) showed that the dominant component of DMFT was for healthy teeth (81%), followed by decayed (14%) and filled teeth (5%). The average value of OHI was 1.47 for this group of pupils. The structure of DMFT in the fourth grade pupils (in the year 2005/06) showed that the dominant component of DMFT was also for healthy teeth (75%). The next were decayed (18%) and filled teeth (7%). The average value of OHI was 1.60. Data analyses in the school year 2007/08 from the fourth grade pupils (who were second grade pupils during the school year 2005/06) and were comprised by preventive programme, showed that DMFT had the dominant component of healthy teeth (81%) followed by 10% of decayed teeth and 8% of filled teeth. Extracted teeth were only 1%. OHI was 0.95. Conclusion. The preventive programme applied in primary schools in Banjaluka since 2005. decreased the number of oral diseases and improved oral hygiene among the children who participated in this program.

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Cox, Stephen C. "Oral Health Problems in Lalitpur District - Nepal a survey report." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 26, no. 2 (January 1, 2003): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.1590.

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This paper reports the results of a "pilot" survey undertaken in 1986 in the region of Lalitpur district, prior to the commencement of a primary oral health programme in the area. Rural areas, and urban schools were the venue for this survey, and were chosen at random.The results show a "low" to "very low" prevalence of dental decay with a rising incidence. On the other hand the area has a "high incidence" of periodental disease. Recommendations are that a fluoride supplement should be added to the diet to maintain a low prevalance of dental decay (especially in the urban area), and that widespread educational programmes should be started with the aim of promoting good oral hygiene practices.

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Zasler, Nathan D., Catherine W. Devany, Amy L. Jarman, Richard Friedman, and Ann Dinius. "Oral hygiene following traumatic brain injury: A programme to promote dental health." Brain Injury 7, no. 4 (January 1993): 339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02699059309034960.

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Ulitovskiy, S. B., O. V. Kalinina, A. A. Spiridonova, and A. A. Domorad. "The role of odontogenic infection role as a medical justification of planning the individual prevention programs in childbearing age women." Periodontology 24, no. 3 (September 21, 2019): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2019-24-3-258-263.

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Relevance: odontogenic infection plays an important role in the development of pregnancy complications, often causing premature birth of the child, as well as limiting its growth and development. According to studies Figueiredo C., Rosalem C., Cantanhede A. found that during pregnancy, women’s organs undergo various physiological, neurological and hormonal changes that occur gradually. In the process of such a restructuring of the body changes the dental status, which determines the correction stages of individual oral hygiene. According to the study Trigolos N. N., Firsova I. V., Makedonova Y. A. and others determined that dental health improves dental status, eliminates the possibility of exacerbation of chronic odontogenic foci of infection, reduces the risk of fetal infection and development of prenatal and postnatal complications, as well as a positive eﬀect on antenatal prevention of dental diseases of the child.Materials and methods: a total of 216 pregnant women were examined and monitored for a month. To study the hygienic status of women during pregnancy with the pathology of hard tissues of teeth, the hygienic index of green-Vermillion was used. Assessment of the acid-base state of the oral ﬂuid was carried out using the pH meter of the company “Hanna” with a replaceable pH electrode HI 1270. Antimicrobial activity of the hygiene of the mouth was studied with the use of diﬀerent means of oral hygiene in the process of carrying out hygienic measures to identify maximum eﬃciency in the selection of funds and the development of “personal hygiene prevention programme”.Results: the assessment showed an increase in the cleansing eﬀect for the entire period of the study in group 1 from 16.90 ± 3.53% to 49.77 ± 5.62%, in group 2 – from 28.19 ± 3.85% to 64.21 ± 6.32%, in contrast to the control – from 16.14 ± 3.21% to 35.87 ± 5.07%. Indicators of changes in acid-base eﬃciency of oral ﬂuid were in the 1st group 2.50 ± 0.20, in the 2nd group - 3.21 ± 0.20, and in the 3rd group was 2.38 ± 0.20.Conclusion: during pregnancy, it is necessary to choose the right hygiene products to ensure oral health and maintain odontogenic infectious status, which eliminates the risk of preterm birth, which threatens a pregnant woman. The importance of odontogenic infection and ways of prevention in women of childbearing age is determined by the development of measures to strengthen dental health and plays a leading role in the planning of individual programs for the prevention of major dental diseases in women of childbearing age.

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Sandy, Leny Pratiwi Arie, Bambang Priyono, and Niken Widyanti. "Pengaruh pelatihan menggosok gigi dengan pendekatan Program Pembelajaran Individual (PPI) terhadap peningkatan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada anak disabilitas intelektual sedang." Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia 2, no. 2 (August 29, 2016): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.10742.

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Effect of training on tooth brushing using Individual Educational Programme (IEP) approach to increase of oral hygiene status in children of moderate intellectual disability (ID). Children with Intellectual Disability (ID) have limited abilities (social, adaptive and practical) and limited intellect. Teaching these children to brush their teeth using the Individualized Educational Programme (IEP) approach is a strategy which focuses on the condition and motivation of each student. The purpose of this research was to understand how tuition in the techniques of tooth- brushing by IEP influences oral hygiene in medium level ID students. This research method is to master the experiment by single subject design. The respondents in this research were 3 people (R1, R2, R3) taken according to the pre- determined criteria. Data collection method used was by observation. Oral hygiene was measured using the PHP-M (Patient Hygiene Performance-Modified) index from Martens and Meskin (1972). The data analysis used descriptive analysis. The result of the study showed there was after training on tooth brushing for 6 month is decrease plaque score. Oral hygiene status for 3 repondent is R1 and R2 in medium category, R3 in bad category. Training on method of tooth brushing using IEP approach affected increase of oral hygiene status. ABSTRAKAnak dengan disabilitas intelektual (DI) merupakan kelompok anak yang memiliki keterbatasan intelektual, kemampuan adaptif, kemampuan sosial dan kemampuan beraktifitas (praktis). Pelatihan menggosok gigi dengan pendekatan Program Pembelajaran Individual (PPI) merupakan salah satu strategi yang menitik beratkan kondisi dan motivasi masing-masing siswa didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan cara menggosok gigi melalui pendekatan Program Pembelajaran Individual (PPI) terhadap status kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Metode penelitian ini yaitu kuasi eksperimental dengan desain subyek tunggal (single subyek design). Responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu 3 orang (R1, R2, R3) diambil sesuai kriteria yang sudah ditentukan. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi. Status kebersihan gigi dan mulut diukur menggunakan indeks PHP-M (Patient Hygiene Performance-Modified) dari Martens dan Meskin (1972). Analisis datanya menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan setelah dilakukan pelatihan menggosok gigi selama 6 minggu didapatkan adanya penurunan skor plak yang rendah. Status kebersihan gigi dan mulut ke-3 responden didapatkan R1 dan R2 pada kategori sedang, sedangkan R3 pada kategori buruk. Pelatihan cara menggosok gigi menggunakan pendekatan Program Pembelajaran Individual (PPI) berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut.

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Pedersen, Preben Ulrich, Anita Tracey, Jesper Eske Sindby, and Merete Bjerrum. "Preoperative oral hygiene recommendation before open-heart surgery: patients’ adherence and reduction of infections: a quality improvement study." BMJ Open Quality 8, no. 2 (April 2019): e000512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2018-000512.

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AimTo implement recommendations for oral hygiene before elective open-heart surgery in a thoracic surgery ward and to evaluate whether the number of patients who needed to be treated with antibiotics postoperatively was reduced.BackgroundHealthcare systems are challenged to implement initiatives that reduce the development of nosocomial infections, to offer patients a safe and cost-efficient treatment and to reduce the use of antibiotics. Previous interventions have focused on staff behaviour in reducing postoperative infections. In this study, patients were recommended to carry out oral hygiene as recommended in a clinical guideline.MethodsA quasiexperimental design with a control and an intervention group was used. Information on adherence to the recommendation was collected at admission. All medical information and prescriptions of antibiotics were obtained from patients’ medical records. Data were reported as intention to treat.ResultsAltogether 972 patients (506 controls and 466 interventions) were included in the study. Of the intervention patients, 405 (86.9%, 95% CI 83.3 to 89.8) reported that they had adhered to the oral hygiene recommendation. 64 (12.6%) control patients and 36 (7.7%) in the intervention group (p=0.015) were treated with antibiotics postoperatively.ConclusionsIt was feasible to involve patients in a programme for oral hygiene and thereby reduce the number of patients needing antibiotics after open-heart surgery and this might contribute to reducing costs.

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Singla, Sapna, Priyanka Gupta, Gurvanit Lehl, and Manjit Talwar. "Effects of Reinforced Oral Hygiene Instruction Program With and Without Professional Tooth Cleaning on Plaque Control and Gingival Health of Orthodontic Patients Wearing Multibracket Appliances." Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society 53, no. 4 (October 2019): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301574219878947.

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Introduction: Fixed orthodontic therapy is considered to be one of the important risk factor for plaque accumulation, since various orthodontic components serves as the retentive areas for plaque accumulation and thus increasing the risk of caries and periodontitis. Therefore these patients must be encouraged to maintain good oral health throughout the treatment. Objective: To investigate the effects of reinforced oral hygiene instruction programme with and without professional tooth cleaning on the plaque accumulation and gingival health of orthodontic patients wearing fixed multibracket appliances. Material and Methods: Forty patients with fixed orthodontic appliances in the age range of 12–28 years were divided randomly into Group I (n=20) and Group II (n=20). Group I received oral hygiene instructions and Group II received similar instructions supplemented with one sitting of professional tooth cleaning. The plaque and gingival index were recorded at the baseline (before the instructions), after 4 and 8 weeks in both the groups. At each visit all the instructions were reinforced in both the groups. Results: Intergroup comparison showed significant decrease in the mean plaque score at 4 weeks in Group II (p<0.01), but no significant difference in the mean plaque score at 8 weeks and mean gingival scores at 4 and 8 weeks between both the groups. Within the group comparison, showed that the mean values of both the indices showed significant decrease after 8 weeks in both the groups (p<0.01). Conclusion: Reinforced oral hygiene instruction programme with or without professional prophylaxis can lead to efficient control of plaque accumulation as well as improvement in the gingival health of orthodontic patients wearing multibracket appliances. However, provision of professional tooth cleaning should be based on individual plaque control needs.

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Renuka and Krishna Thakur. "Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Practices of oral Hygiene among School Children." International Journal of Nursing Education and Research 5, no. 4 (2017): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2454-2660.2017.00085.0.

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Ulenius, Kalas U. "Oral Health Problems in Jumla Area." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 26, no. 4 (January 1, 2003): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.1644.

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So far there have been very few oral health surveys done in Nepal. This survey was requested from Karnali Techinical School in Jumla to get a picture of the oral health status among the students at the schools as well as the people in Jumla area. Altogether 317 persons were examined.The results show a "very low" (37% 0:8 DMFT for 12 year olds) prevalance of dental caries. It is likely that this will rise the future, due to worse food habits. The incidence of periodontal disease is, however, "high" (97.1% and an average of 3.2 sextants affected by calculus at 16-19 years of age). Prophylactic fluoride and an oral health programme to improve the oral hygiene habits are recommended to maintain the low rate of dental caries and to reduce the rate of periodontal disease.

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Sreedharan, Aswathi, Faizal CP, and Chandru TP. "Feeding practices and prevalence of early childhood caries among preschool children in urban and rural areas of Kannur district." International Journal of Dental Research 4, no. 1 (February 25, 2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijdr.v4i1.5770.

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Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions among children. Lack of proper Parental knowledge regarding feeding practices will have a deleterious effect on child oral health.Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of ECC and parental knowledge regarding feeding practices in young children.Methods: 500 preschool children aged between 36-60 months, were selected from twenty schools. The children’s were examined at the respective schools to determine the presence or absence of caries by using WHO criteria .A structured questionnaire was provided to 500 parents of the respective school children examined to assess their knowledge regarding feeding practices and oral hygiene measures in preschool children for prevention of ECCResult: The results of the children examined and the parent surveyed were tabulated and statistically analyzed by using chi-square test. The result showed that the prevalence rate of ECC among 500 children surveyed were about 56.3%.The knowledge regarding the feeding practices and oral hygiene measures overall was found to be 56.5%Conclusion: The prevalence of ECC was relatively high among the preschool children. The feeding practices and oral hygiene measures among parents was more off supporting the promotion of ECC. More emphasis should be given regarding introduction of oral hygiene practice from the first year of child’s life and also to conduct public awareness programme to achieve optimum oral health care in children.

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Wu, I‐Jung, Te‐Sheng Chang, Su‐Lun Hwang, and Mei‐Yen Chen. "Effects of oral hygiene programme and home phone counselling for hepatitis C patients receiving antiviral treatment." Journal of Advanced Nursing 75, no. 5 (November 19, 2018): 1010–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jan.13896.

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Levin, Liran, Leon Bilder, and Oxana Borisov. "Improving oral hygiene skills among children undergoing treatment at the haemato-oncology department – an interventional programme." International Dental Journal 65, no. 4 (August 2015): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/idj.12171.

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Pan, Mei-Yu, Tsung-Cheng Hsieh, Hung-Cheng Tai, Ming-Shyan Lin, Yu-Chen Lin, and Mei-Yen Chen. "Prevalence of and factors associated with fewer than 20 remaining teeth in Taiwanese adults with disabilities: a community-based cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (October 2017): e016270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016270.

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ObjectivesTo examine the prevalence of and the factors associated with a number of remaining teeth (NRT) <20 among adults with disabilities.DesignA community-based, cross-sectional descriptive study.SettingThis study was part of a health promotion programme designed for community-dwelling adults with disabilities.ParticipantsA total of 549 adults with disabilities, aged 20–80 years, living in the community in Chiayi County in Taiwan.Outcome measuresVarious parameters, including NRT, oral health behaviours (ie, oral hygiene, dietary habits and substance use), comorbidities, disability classification and capability for performing activities of daily living, were measured. Data were statistically analysed using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe mean NRT was 18.1 (SD=10.9); 44.8% of participants had NRT <20 (including 13.7% edentulous participants). Most participants had poor oral hygiene: 83.4% reported seldom using dental floss, 78% did not undergo regular 6-monthly dental check-ups and 77.4% seldom brushed their teeth after meal. After adjusting for potentially confounding variables, the intellectual disability group had a significantly higher risk of an NRT <20 than the physical disability group (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.30 to 4.08). Additionally, the rare use of dental floss and hypertension significantly increased the possibility of an NRT <20 (OR 1.73–2.12, 95% CI 1.15 to 3.71).ConclusionsAn NRT <20 and edentulism were highly prevalent among adults with disabilities, who displayed poor oral hygiene behaviours. Adults with intellectual disabilities had a greater likelihood of having an NRT <20 than did those with physical disability. In addition to unmodifiable factors, the poor use of dental floss was significantly associated with an NRT <20.

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Minnatullah, K. M. "Towards an Affordable Human Waste Management Programme for the Poor – A Report on Bangladesh." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 7-8 (July 1, 1986): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0271.

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Nearly 80% of all illness in Bangladesh is related to water and sanitation. The combined rate of enteric diseases in Bangladesh is the highest in the world. 30% of all the deaths of children under 5 are due to diarrhoea, claiming more than 200,000 lives annually. Environmentally sound human waste management, along with personal hygiene awareness, are of critical importance to the prevention of faecal-oral disease transmission. present rural sanitation coverage is about 3%. A national target has been set to ensure that 13% of the rural poor will be covered under the human waste management programme by 1990, the end of the U.N. Water Decade. This however, contrasts with the similar target of 77% for the rural water supply programme, which received higher resource allocation and priority for a much longer period. This lack of correlation between water and sanitation has highly reduced the positive health impact of these developments. An affordable human waste management programme for the rural people, where 87% of the total population lives under conditions of the greatest poverty and underdevelopment, urgently needs serious and realistic consideration in the context of the limited resource prospects for future years. This report addresses the above issues and describes the commendable momentum that has been gained through the continuous efforts of national planners and policy makers. It is hoped that this might in the near future, through the rural human waste management programme, produce the long desired continual reduction of faecal-oral disease transmission.

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Denes, J., and K. Gabris. "Results of a 3-year oral hygiene programme, including amine fluoride products, in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances." European Journal of Orthodontics 13, no. 2 (April 1, 1991): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/13.2.129.

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KABIL, N., M. EL ALFY, and N. METWALLI. "Evaluation of the oral health situation of a group of Egyptian haemophilic children and their re-evaluation following an oral hygiene and diet education programme." Haemophilia 13, no. 3 (May 2007): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2516.2007.01440.x.

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Marín Zuluaga, Dairo Javier, José Antonio Gil Montoya, and Tiril Willumsen. "Effectiveness of a training program for the nursing staff on the oral health of institutionalised aged. Randomised trial." Acta Odontológica Colombiana 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/aoc.v9n1.76124.

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Background: it has been suggested that nursing-staff’ should be educated in maintaining the oral health (OH) of institutionalised elder people. Objective: this work aimed for measuring the effectiveness of a 3-hour oral health training-programme (OHTP) provided to nursing-staff by assessing the residents’ OH gains. Materials and methods: this was a one-year longitudinal-controlled-interventional study evaluated via a nursing-staff’ questionnaire and residents’ oral examinations. Managers of 30 nursing homes in Granada, Spain, were contacted and offered three oral examinations for their residents and an OHTP for the nursing-staff; nine of them consequently agreed to participate for all consenting people. 269 residents were examined at baseline and 12 months. After the baseline examination, the nursing homes were randomised into an intervention or control group; the OHTP was then carried out on the intervention group. Results: the residents’ denture hygiene (p=0.03) and wearing of dentures at night (p=0.003) improved significantly in the intervention group; caries prevalence increased in both groups. Conclusions: the OHTP was effective for improving caregivers’ knowledge and OH care routines, but the improvements were not enough to improve residents’ overall OH.

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Kopetskiy, Igor S., I. A. Nikolskaya, E. G. Mikhajlova, P. S. Virgilyev, A. P. Mamicheva, and A. I. Kopetskaya. "INTRODUCTION OF THE PROGRAM OF PREVENTION OF DENTAL DISEASES AT CHILDREN OF SCHOOL AGE." Medical Journal of the Russian Federation 25, no. 2 (April 15, 2019): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2106-2019-25-2-96-99.

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Tooth decay is the most common dental disease in children, so the problem of prevention remains one of the most relevant in pediatric dentistry. Goal: development and implementation of health education and individual treatment and prevention activities for school-age children. Materials and methods. School-based SOUTH of the city of Moscow, teachers and students of the third year was held a programme for the prevention of dental diseases among pupils in primary classes, attended by 2300 people. Results. Employees of the Department of therapeutic Stomatology RNIMU them. N.i. Pirogov was established private dental diseases prevention programme, which already operates within 6 years the intensity of caries in permanent teeth CPU index teeth fell in children age 6 with 2.40 ± 0.06 to 0.97 ± 0.06 (p < 0.05), 12-year-olds with 3.74 ± 0.17 to 1.95 ± 0.16 (p < 0.05), 15 year olds with 4.86 ± 0.16 to 2.95 ± 0.13 (p < 0.05); reduction of intensity of caries increment amounted to 59.6%, respectively, 47.9% and 39.3%, with an increase in the number of children with healthy teeth that says showing clear positive impact on the level of oral hygiene Program Prevention of dental diseases.

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Toumba, K. J., S. Twetman, C. Splieth, C. Parnell, C. van Loveren, and N. Α. Lygidakis. "Guidelines on the use of fluoride for caries prevention in children: an updated EAPD policy document." European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry 20, no. 6 (November 8, 2019): 507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40368-019-00464-2.

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Abstract Aim To update the exisitng European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) 2009 fluoride guidelines. Methods Experts met in Athens, Greece duirng November 2018 for the following groups: I Fluoride toothpastes, II Fluoride gels, rinses and varnishes, III Fluoridated milk, fluoridated salt, tablets/lozenges and drops, IV Water fluoridation. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were reviewed and discussed for each of the groups. The GRADE system was used to assess the quality of evidence which was judged as HIGH, MODERATE, LOW or VERY LOW based on the assessment of eight criteria which can influence the confidence of the results. Following the quality assessment, GRADE was then used to indicate the strength of recommendation for each fluoride agent as STRONG or WEAK/CONDITIONAL. Results Parents must be strongly advised to apply an age-related amount of toothpaste and assist/supervise tooth brushing until at least 7 years of age. The EAPD strongly endorses the daily use of fluoride as a major part of any comprehensive programme for the prevention and control of dental caries in children. Regardless of the type of programme, community or individually based, the use of fluoride must be balanced between the estimation of caries-risk and the possible risks of adverse effects of the fluorides. Fluoride use is considered safe when the manufacturer's instructions are followed. Preventive programmes should be re-evaluated at regular intervals and adapted to a patient's or population's needs and risks. Conclusions For the majority of European Countries, the EAPD recommends the appropriate use of fluoride toothpaste in conjunction with good oral hygiene to be the basic fluoride regimen.

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Jönsson, B., K. Öhrn, N. Oscarson, and P. Lindberg. "The effectiveness of an individually tailored oral health educational programme on oral hygiene behaviour in patients with periodontal disease: a blinded randomized-controlled clinical trial (one-year follow-up)." Journal of Clinical Periodontology 36, no. 12 (November 16, 2009): 1025–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051x.2009.01453.x.

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Jönsson, B., K. Öhrn, N. Oscarson, and P. Lindberg. "An individually tailored treatment programme for improved oral hygiene: introduction of a new course of action in health education for patients with periodontitis." International Journal of Dental Hygiene 7, no. 3 (August 2009): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00350.x.

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Chambrone, LA, and L. Chambrone. "Results of a 20-year oral hygiene and prevention programme on caries and periodontal disease in children attended at a private periodontal practice." International Journal of Dental Hygiene 9, no. 2 (April 12, 2011): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5037.2010.00455.x.

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Khan, MHA, MAA Polan, A. Nahar, and MM Raihan. "Factors Related To Dental Caries Among The Patients Attending At The Outpatient Department (OPD) Of Dhaka Dental College And Hospital." Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education 3, no. 1 (October 14, 2013): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v3i1.16590.

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Dental caries is one of the most common health problem in the dental practices in both developed and developing countries including Bangladesh. The overall influence of dental caries on the general health of the community is harmful. The main objective of the study was to assess the factors related to dental caries among the patients attending at the Outpatient Department (OPD) of Dhaka Dental College and Hospital. The study was carried out during the month of January to June, 2002. Data were collected by the researcher himself with a pretested structured interview schedule from 167 patients selected by systematic random sampling procedure. The study showed that (29.3%) patients were in the age group of 21-30 years. Their mean age was 30.04 years, SD was ±14.60 and age range was 12-72 years. Among the patients, 55.1% were males and 44.9% were females. 76.6% patients were Muslims, 15.6% were Hindus, and only 7.8% were Christians. Regarding the educational level, the maximum (63%) were below HSC education level, only 37% were HSC and above. The patients having more than four affected teeth, maximum (34.3%) were from illiterate mothers. Patients having mother's education HSC and above were nil in this group. The rates of dental caries were high among those who consumed excess sweets and who did not maintain oral hygiene adequately. Majority of the patients knew how dental caries occur and maximum of them thought that dental caries is a preventable disease. The above study showed that no age and sex is without problem. The ignorance, illiteracy, low family income, inadequate practice of oral hygiene, consumption of excess sweets etc. are the major contributory factors for the occurrence of dental caries. As dental caries is a multifactorial preventable disease, proper preventative measures including health education programme should be intensified to minimize the disease. Further study is also needed to assess the status of the problem and to find out the factors related to the disease. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v3i1.16590 Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education Vol.3(1) 2013: 16-20 Dental caries is one of the most common health problem in the dental practices in both developed and developing countries including Bangladesh. The overall influence of dental caries on the general health of the community is harmful. The main objective of the study was to assess the factors related to dental caries among the patients attending at the Outpatient Department (OPD) of Dhaka Dental College and Hospital. The study was carried out during the month of January to June, 2002. Data were collected by the researcher himself with a pretested structured interview schedule from 167 patients selected by systematic random sampling procedure. The study showed that (29.3%) patients were in the age group of 21-30 years. Their mean age was 30.04 years, SD was ±14.60 and age range was 12-72 years. Among the patients, 55.1% were males and 44.9% were females. 76.6% patients were Muslims, 15.6% were Hindus, and only 7.8% were Christians. Regarding the educational level, the maximum (63%) were below HSC education level, only 37% were HSC and above. The patients having more than four affected teeth, maximum (34.3%) were from illiterate mothers. Patients having mother's education HSC and above were nil in this group. The rates of dental caries were high among those who consumed excess sweets and who did not maintain oral hygiene adequately. Majority of the patients knew how dental caries occur and maximum of them thought that dental caries is a preventable disease. The above study showed that no age and sex is without problem. The ignorance, illiteracy, low family income, inadequate practice of oral hygiene, consumption of excess sweets etc. are the major contributory factors for the occurrence of dental caries. As dental caries is a multifactorial preventable disease, proper preventative measures including health education programme should be intensified to minimize the disease. Further study is also needed to assess the status of the problem and to find out the factors related to the disease.

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Nabi, Mumtahana, Abul Masud Md Nurul Karim, and SM Mamun Ur Rashid. "Pattern of oral diseases and associated contributing factors in pregnant women attending a maternity center in Dhaka city, Bangladesh." Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine 39, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jopsom.v39i1.51862.

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Background: Oral health care in pregnancy is often neglected by women and is also not appropriately addressed by prenatal and other health care providers and justify appropriate attention. The purpose of this cross sectional study was to describe percentage of oral disease occurrence and underlying causes in this sample of pregnant women. Methods: The study included 147 women aged between 15 to 49 years receiving prenatal care at the outdoor department of Azimpur Maternal and Child Health Training Institute in Dhaka, Bangladesh were invited to participate in this study from January 2013 to April 2013. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for data collection. Clinical exam data were recorded using validated scales in a special form. Results: Majority (72%) of the women were between 20 to 24 years. 57% had secondary school education. 88% of the women were unemployed and 52% women had very low family income of BOT s;10000. More than 90% of the women had good oral hygiene practices. However, 68% liked to have sugary snacks or drinks in between main meals, 7% visited their dentists during pregnancy , only 3% received advice for routine oral health screening from their prenatal care providers and only 4% women started their antenatal check-up during first trimester. All these negative influences might expose expecting mothers to high level of dental caries (54%), dental erosion (52%), gingivitis (100%) and periodontitis (27%). This study also showed that majority of the women acquired oral health information through watching television (61%) or reading newspaper (12%) while only 4% received information from doctors/dent ists throughout their lifetime. Conclusion: The undertaken research highlighted the importance of using media in modifying Bangladeshi pregnant woman's behaviours toward oral health. It also emphasizes the need for inclusion of oral health preventive programme as part of pre and postnatal care. Further study in this area on a large scale will facilitate formulation of appropriate oral health policy to achieve satisfactory oral and general health outcomes during pregnancy and ensure optimum oral health conditions of their offspring. JOPSOM 2020; 39(1): 50-59

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Tsalikis, Lazaros. "The Effect of Age on the Gingival Crevicular Fluid Composition During Experimental Gingivitis. A Pilot Study." Open Dentistry Journal 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601004010013.

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Background:Cytokines have been proposed as potentially useful diagnostic or prognostic markers of periodontal inflammation related alterations during the experimental gingivitis model. The role of ageing in periodontal disease needs further elucidation; therefore investigations of its influence on host response are needed.Objective:To study the effect of age on interleukins IL -6, IL-8 and TNF-a levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and their correlations to clinical parameters during experimental gingivitis.Materials and Methods: Five young subjects (20-22 years old) and five old subjects (61-65 years old), all periodontal healthy, participated in this clinical trial. A professional plaque control programme was undertaken to establish healthy gingival conditions at baseline. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) were recorded at 60 sites at baseline, after 21 days of no oral hygiene and one week later after professional cleaning and reestablishment of oral hygiene procedures. A total of 180 samples were analyzed with ELISA for levels of IL -6, IL-8 and TNF-a in gingival crevicular fluid. The examination included the mesiobuccal sites of the Ramfjord teeth. Comparisons between and within groups were performed by non-parametric tests (Mann- Withney) and correlations were sought for with Wilcoxon test. Significance was set at p=0.05.Results:Results showed significant diferences between the two groups with regard to the plaque and bleeding scores and GCF volume, all of which proved to be more pronounced in old group. With respect to laboratory data, mean cytokine concentrations were in general lower in young group. TNF-a had a steady increase for the adults, which was found to be statistically significant between Days 0 and 21, IL-8 showed a statistically significant decrease at Day 28 in the young group and finally IL-6 showed a fluctuation, which was totally adverse for the two groups at each time point.Conclusion:Within the limitations of the present study, age cannot be identified as a factor that strongly affects the cytokine expression and fluctuations even in a well-controlled environment of inflammation, such as experimental gingivitis.

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Yoshida, Hiromu, Hitoshi Horie, Kumiko Matsuura, Takashi Kitamura, So Hashizume, and Tatsuo Miyamura. "Prevalence of vaccine-derived polioviruses in the environment." Journal of General Virology 83, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 1107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-83-5-1107.

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A survey of poliovirus in river and sewage water was conducted from October 1993 to September 1995 in Toyama Prefecture, Japan. In this study, 25 isolates differentiated as type 2 vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) were characterized using mutant analysis by PCR and restriction-enzyme cleavage (MAPREC) to estimate the ratio of 481-G revertants correlated to neurovirulence in a virus population. Of these isolates, 23 (92%) comprised between 44 and 96% 481-G revertants by MAPREC. The other two isolates had revertant percentages close to the 0·6% of the attenuated reference strain. It was presumed that these 23 isolates would be variant with potential neurovirulence by MAPREC analysis. Of the 23 isolates, three were isolated from river water. Moreover, our results by MAPREC showed that type 2 poliovirus was phenotypically more variable than type 1 (69%) or type 3 (55%), as determined in previous studies. The prevalence of virulent-type VDPVs in river and sewage water suggested that the oral poliovaccine itself had led to wide environmental pollution in nature. To terminate the cycle of virus transmission in nature, the ecology of VDPVs should be studied further. A hygiene programme, inactivated poliovirus vaccine immunization and well-maintained herd immunity may play key roles in reducing the potential risk of infection by virulent VDPVs.

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Bardeskar, Sadhana, Sam Prasad, Francis Luke, and K. Jeenath Justin Doss. "A study to assess the effectiveness of planned health teaching programme on knowledge regarding oral hygiene practices among children (8–10 years) in a selected school at Rajkot, Gujarat." International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management 6, no. 2 (2018): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2454-2652.2018.00021.5.

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Mason, John Beverly, and Barrie M. Margetts. "Magic bullets vs community action: the trade-offs are real." World Nutrition 8, no. 1 (August 6, 2017): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26596/wn.2017815-25.

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Abstract Magic bullets refer to single interventions, vertically delivered (i.e. from the centre), expected to have a dramatic effect, and often in practice circumventing or displacing more locally appropriate and sustainable activities. Once policies have defined intended outcomes – here childhood malnutrition is considered – decisions on programme specifics should take full account of trade-offs (including opportunity costs), and these decisions at present are often unduly influenced by vested interests. Magic bullets have times-and-places where they may be effective. These may get superseded, for example with changing disease patterns or other conditions, or because of new technologies. Regular transparent assessments of current applicability, with some estimate of benefits and costs, are essential, but uncommon. Six examples of single purpose interventions are summarized considering times-and-places: protein supplements, infant formula, high dose vitamin A capsules (HDVAC), the vitamin supplement industry, ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTFs), and oral rehydration therapy (ORT). HDVAC and RUTFs are compared to community-based nutrition programmes. Protein is rarely the binding constraint in preventing or treating infant and child malnutrition. Infant formula is hardly ever to be preferred to breastfeeding; and in poor countries with inadequate hygiene its use carries much increased mortality risk. HDVACs were shown to have a mortality impact in the 1980’s and early 90’s, leading to global programs now covering a reported 200 million children; however recent studies have shown that this effect is no longer seen, but policies and programmes have yet to change in most countries. The vitamin supplement industry is included as it contributes to misguided views of nutrition and health, which should be mitigated. RUTFs are very useful for the narrowly defined group of children with severe acute malnutrition still with an appetite (most severely malnourished children have a poor or zero appetite, and require liquid diets first). However, the off-label use of these sweetened peanut butter pastes for moderately (or less) malnourished children is becoming widespread: it has many immediate and long-term disadvantages, including on children’s food preferences; local foods, maybe enhanced with micronutrient mixes, are far preferable, including for rehabilitation of severely malnourished children. Oral rehydration provides a further example of where local solutions are preferable – but still seldom applied. Community-based programmes have known effectiveness, are more sustainable than magic bullet approaches, and in all the examples above can contribute to local problem solving. The implications for resource allocations are that shifting resources from magic bullet programmes to local, community- (and facility-) based activities will have many advantages. While cost estimates are hard to find, it seems that some such as HDVAC cost around $1 per child per year, and RUTFs for SAM around $5 per child per year (in the overall population; per SAM case treated the estimated cost is more than $100). Effective community-based programmes cost about $10 per child per year, but address not one but most of the nutrition problems faced by children in those communities. Major donors have allocated 50% or so of their budgets to such supplies, and these funds go to the manufacturers in the rich countries, not to the countries in need. Allocation of resources to the countries themselves, and to local activities, could amount to billions of dollars, leading to improved nutrition, if single purpose interventions like HDVAC and RUTFs were no longer soaking up time, efforts of frontline workers, and funds.

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Hoyen-Chung, D. J. "Oral hygiene training programmes in long-stay hospitals." British Dental Journal 167, no. 5 (September 1989): 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4806959.

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Gallaher, Charles, Simone Herrmann, Laura Hunter, and Alex Wilkins. "The St Thomas’ Hospital Emergency Department Homeless Health Initiative: improving the quality, safety and equity of healthcare provided for homeless patients attending the ED." BMJ Open Quality 9, no. 1 (February 2020): e000820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2019-000820.

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We carried out a quality improvement (QI) project (QIP), aiming to improve the quality, safety and equity of healthcare provided for homeless patients attending the emergency department (ED). We used QI methodology to identify areas for improvement, and introduced and modified interventions over four Plan, Do, Study, Act cycles. We launched a departmental ‘Homeless Health Initiative’ (HHI), the chief intervention being the provision of ‘Homeless Health Boxes’ in the ED, which contained a ‘Safe Discharge Checklist for Homeless Patients’, maps to specialist homeless general practitioner surgeries and homeless day centres, information on other inclusion health services, copies of a local rough sleepers’ magazine and oral hygiene supplies. Voluntary Homeless Link Nurses and a number of informal ‘Homeless Health Champions’ were appointed. The HHI was embedded in departmental awareness through regular presentations to staff and incorporation into the induction programme for new doctors. Staff satisfaction, in terms of how satisfied staff members were with the care they were able to provide for homeless patients in the ED on a 0–10 scale, improved modestly over the course of the QIP from median 6/10 to median 7/10. The number of staff who were severely dissatisfied with the care they were able to provide for homeless patients improved more markedly: first quartile staff satisfaction improved from 3.875/10 to 6.125/10. Staff compliance with the checklist was poor, with full compliance observed in only 15% of cases by the end of the QIP. An HHI is a cheap and worthwhile QI project, with the potential to significantly improve the quality, safety and equity of healthcare provided for homeless patients, while improving staff satisfaction concurrently. Similar initiatives should be considered in any ED which sees a significant number of homeless patients.

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Dai, Ruoxi, Otto L. T. Lam, Edward C. M. Lo, Leonard S. W. Li, and Colman McGrath. "Effect of oral hygiene programmes on oral opportunistic pathogens during stroke rehabilitation." Oral Diseases 25, no. 2 (December 18, 2018): 617–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/odi.13005.

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Beiruti, N., M. D. Teifour, and W. Boulos. "[Oral health care and periodontal disease among schoolchildren in the Syrian Arab Republic]." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/1996.2.2.304.

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It has been observed that a strong inverse correlation exists between prevalence and severity of periodontal disease and the level of oral hygiene, where appropriate oral health behaviour and good knowledge in oral health have an important role in preventing such disease. A study was conducted among 360 children of 15 years of age in the Syrian Arab Republic. to assess the relation between oral health behaviour and periodontal disease. The results of the study revealed law cleanliness levels, poor knowledge and inappropriate behaviour in oral health and high prevalence of periodontal disease. Oral health education programmes and oral hygiene procedures should be oriented towards schoolchildren as early as possible

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Ramsay, Craig R., Jan E. Clarkson, Anne Duncan, Thomas J. Lamont, Peter A. Heasman, Dwayne Boyers, Beatriz Goulão, et al. "Improving the Quality of Dentistry (IQuaD): a cluster factorial randomised controlled trial comparing the effectiveness and cost–benefit of oral hygiene advice and/or periodontal instrumentation with routine care for the prevention and management of periodontal disease in dentate adults attending dental primary care." Health Technology Assessment 22, no. 38 (July 2018): 1–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta22380.

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Background Periodontal disease is preventable but remains the most common oral disease worldwide, with major health and economic implications. Stakeholders lack reliable evidence of the relative clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different types of oral hygiene advice (OHA) and the optimal frequency of periodontal instrumentation (PI). Objectives To test clinical effectiveness and assess the economic value of the following strategies: personalised OHA versus routine OHA, 12-monthly PI (scale and polish) compared with 6-monthly PI, and no PI compared with 6-monthly PI. Design Multicentre, pragmatic split-plot, randomised open trial with a cluster factorial design and blinded outcome evaluation with 3 years’ follow-up and a within-trial cost–benefit analysis. NHS and participant costs were combined with benefits [willingness to pay (WTP)] estimated from a discrete choice experiment (DCE). Setting UK dental practices. Participants Adult dentate NHS patients, regular attenders, with Basic Periodontal Examination (BPE) scores of 0, 1, 2 or 3. Intervention Practices were randomised to provide routine or personalised OHA. Within each practice, participants were randomised to the following groups: no PI, 12-monthly PI or 6-monthly PI (current practice). Main outcome measures Clinical – gingival inflammation/bleeding on probing at the gingival margin (3 years). Patient – oral hygiene self-efficacy (3 years). Economic – net benefits (mean WTP minus mean costs). Results A total of 63 dental practices and 1877 participants were recruited. The mean number of teeth and percentage of bleeding sites was 24 and 33%, respectively. Two-thirds of participants had BPE scores of ≤ 2. Under intention-to-treat analysis, there was no evidence of a difference in gingival inflammation/bleeding between the 6-monthly PI group and the no-PI group [difference 0.87%, 95% confidence interval (CI) –1.6% to 3.3%; p = 0.481] or between the 6-monthly PI group and the 12-monthly PI group (difference 0.11%, 95% CI –2.3% to 2.5%; p = 0.929). There was also no evidence of a difference between personalised and routine OHA (difference –2.5%, 95% CI –8.3% to 3.3%; p = 0.393). There was no evidence of a difference in self-efficacy between the 6-monthly PI group and the no-PI group (difference –0.028, 95% CI –0.119 to 0.063; p = 0.543) and no evidence of a clinically important difference between the 6-monthly PI group and the 12-monthly PI group (difference –0.097, 95% CI –0.188 to –0.006; p = 0.037). Compared with standard care, no PI with personalised OHA had the greatest cost savings: NHS perspective –£15 (95% CI –£34 to £4) and participant perspective –£64 (95% CI –£112 to –£16). The DCE shows that the general population value these services greatly. Personalised OHA with 6-monthly PI had the greatest incremental net benefit [£48 (95% CI £22 to £74)]. Sensitivity analyses did not change conclusions. Limitations Being a pragmatic trial, we did not deny PIs to the no-PI group; there was clear separation in the mean number of PIs between groups. Conclusions There was no additional benefit from scheduling 6-monthly or 12-monthly PIs over not providing this treatment unless desired or recommended, and no difference between OHA delivery for gingival inflammation/bleeding and patient-centred outcomes. However, participants valued, and were willing to pay for, both interventions, with greater financial value placed on PI than on OHA. Future work Assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of providing multifaceted periodontal care packages in primary dental care for those with periodontitis. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN56465715. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 22, No. 38. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

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Fageeh, Hytham N., Manawar A. Mansour, Hatim Y. Thubab, Mohammed B. Jarab, Ahmed Y. Juraybi, Hassan H. Zakri, and Abdullah M. Bahri. "The Role of Applied Behavior Analysis to Improve Knowledge on Oral Hygiene Practices among Cooperative Autistic Children: A Cross-Sectional Study from Jazan, Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Dentistry 2021 (July 20, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9491496.

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Objective. To assess the effectiveness of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) to improve knowledge regarding oral hygiene practices among cooperative autistic children. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 15 children between the age group of 6–12 years and their parents who were randomly chosen from a special care autistic school in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. A mobile application was custom designed and programmed with videos on oral hygiene. A close-ended questionnaire comprising 14 questions for the cooperative autistic children and 21 questions for their parents was designed to assess their knowledge in relation to oral health and hygiene. After four weeks, a questionnaire-based knowledge assessment was conducted. The mean knowledge score was then calculated for children and their parents and compared using paired sample t-test. Results. Poor knowledge regarding oral hygiene practices was revealed among the study participants. The estimated mean score among the children was 4.73 before the intervention, which significantly increased to 9.0. The estimated mean score for the parents was 9.3 before intervention and 14.6 after four weeks’ period ( P < 0.0001 ). Conclusion. The application of ABA using avatars and delivered through videos can significantly improve knowledge regarding oral health hygiene among cooperative autistic children.

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Baat, C., W. Kalk, and G. R. E. Schuil. "The effectiveness of oral hygiene programmes for elderly people - a review." Gerodontology 10, no. 2 (December 1993): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.1993.tb00091.x.

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Jovanovic, Svetlana, and Ivanka Gajic. "Oral health in individuals with psychotic disorders." Serbian Dental Journal 55, no. 2 (2008): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs0802115j.

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Mental disorders are an important problem in every national health care service. The importance of psychotic disorders is not only their frequency but also their long-term character, recurrence, association with other diseases, costs and consequences for the family and society. Psychotic disorders (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorders and depression) and their treatment may result in serious oral diseases. These disorders and medications used to treat them may lead to a series of oral complications and side effects, predominantly high prevalence of carious and extracted teeth, periodontal disease, inadequate oral hygiene, xerostomia, burning mouth syndrome, bad breath and gustatory sense dysfunction. Psychotic disorders affect oral and dental health in two ways. Behavioral changes affect the oral hygiene maintenance and lead to bad habits and attitudes towards oral health. Antipsychotic therapy has adverse effects on oral health. Literature data suggest that oral health in patients with psychotic disorders is poor and highlight the need to develop specific preventive programmes, which would be aimed at improving behavior of this population at risk in the oral health care system.

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Jovanovic, Svetlana, and Ivanka Gajic. "Oral health in individuals with psychotic disorders." Serbian Dental Journal 55, no. 3 (2008): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs0803180j.

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Mental disorders are an important problem in every national health care service. The importance of psychotic disorders is not only their frequency but also their long-term character, recurrence, association with other diseases, costs and consequences for the family and society. Psychotic disorders (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorders and depression) and their treatment may result in serious oral diseases. These disorders and medications used to treat them may lead to a series of oral complications and side effects, predominantly high prevalence of carious and extracted teeth, periodontal disease, inadequate oral hygiene, xerostomia, burning mouth syndrome, bad breath and gustatory sense dysfunction. Psychotic disorders affect oral and dental health in two ways. Behavioural changes affect the oral hygiene maintenance and lead to bad habits and attitudes towards oral health. Antipsychotic therapy has adverse effects on oral health. Literature data suggest that oral health in patients with psychotic disorders is poor and highlight the need to develop specific preventive programmes, which would be aimed at improving behaviour of this population at risk in the oral health care system.

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Dai, Ruoxi, Otto L. T. Lam, Edward C. M. Lo, Leonard S. W. Li, and Colman McGrath. "A randomized clinical trial of oral hygiene care programmes during stroke rehabilitation." Journal of Dentistry 61 (June 2017): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2017.04.001.

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Pine, Cynthia M. "Designing school programmes to be effective vehicles for changing oral hygiene behaviour." International Dental Journal 57 (October 2007): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1875-595x.2007.tb00164.x.

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Rao, Anupama, Rajesh Hosadurga, Kumar Vijaya, Rajesh Kashyap Shankar, Vinita A. Boloor, and Shruthy Prathap. "Improvement in awareness levels and periodontal health among patients undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance therapy with established gingivitis and periodontal health maintenance program: A questionnaire based study." Journal of Oral Research 9, no. 6 (December 30, 2020): 500–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2020.096.

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Objetive: Home oral care practices in patients undergoing orthodontic therapy are often ineffective in maintaining optimal plaque control. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of periodontal maintenance program in subjects with established gingivitis undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance therapy for one year. Material and Methods: Forty patients undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance therapy with established chronic gingivitis were recruited for the study. As a part of a periodontal maintenance program, a pre-validated structured questionnaire evaluating oral hygiene and periodontal health was administered at the baseline as well as at the end of the study. At the baseline Gingival Bleeding Index, Gingival Index, and Bonded Bracket Plaque Index scores were recorded, Scaling and polishing procedure was performed followed by a customised Oral Hygiene Advice (OHA) session was conducted for all the study subjects. Clinical indices were assessed and OHA was conducted at the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th months of orthodontic treatment visits. Results: There was significant improvement in the clinical indices and awareness regarding oral hygiene and periodontal health level in the patients at the end of the 12th month. Conclusion: The periodontal maintenance program appeared to be effective in improving the periodontal health and awareness health awareness level about oral hygiene among patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy at the end of 12 months in our study population.

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Percival, Tricia, Julien Edwards, Salvacion Barclay, Bidyadhar Sa, and Md Anwarul Azim Majumder. "Early Childhood Caries in 3 to 5 Year Old Children in Trinidad and Tobago." Dentistry Journal 7, no. 1 (February 7, 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj7010016.

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Background: This study was done to evaluate the prevalence and contributory factors of early childhood caries (ECC) and severe ECC (S-ECC) among preschool children of Kindergartens and Early Childhood Centres in Trinidad and Tobago. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 342 preschool children aged 3 to 5 years. The school staff distributed a structured questionnaire to the children to be completed by the mother. Clinical examinations were conducted by calibrated examiners. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 in all analyses. Results: The prevalence of ECC and S-ECC was 50.3% and 52.3%, respectively. Dietary and oral hygiene factors particularly with bottle feeding and high plaque levels were major contributors to dental caries in this population. Conclusion: ECC and S-ECC are significant issues that occur in preschool children in Trinidad and Tobago. The development of ECC and S-ECC can be attributed to certain environmental factors like dietary habits and oral hygiene practices. Early dental assessment, broad-based oral health education programmes, increased parental/guardian engagement during oral hygiene practices and greater access to facilities for early childhood caries prevention and management can help alleviate the problems of ECC and S-ECC in this population.

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Giri, Dhirendra Kumar, Rajkumar Jha, and Tarakant Bhagat. "Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Status of Visually Impaired Individuals of a Residential School in Eastern Nepal." Journal of Nepalese Society of Periodontology and Oral Implantology 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnspoi.v3i2.30882.

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Introduction: Gingival and periodontal diseases are a matter of serious concern in Nepalese population. These diseases may also be present in visually impaired individuals. So, the scientific fact is necessary to unmask this and the pathogenesis behind it. Objective: To assess the oral hygiene and periodontal status of visually impaired individuals of a residential school in Eastern Nepal. Methods: A study was conducted at Gyanchakchu Vidyalaya in Dharan-15. A total of 130 visually impaired individuals (88 males and 42 females) with the mean age of 6-20 years were included in the study. Information regarding oral hygiene practices was gathered through personal interaction by the interviewers. Oral hygiene status was assessed by using Plaque Index of Silness and Loe (1964) and Gingival Index of Loe and Silness (1963) and to assess the periodontal status, Community Periodontal Index was used. Results: A total of 112 (86.2%) participants, brushed their teeth with the help of toothbrush and toothpaste, 101 (77.7%) of them brushed once a day in morning, 83 (63.8%) of the students used horizontal brushing technique and 90 (69.2%) of the students rinsed their mouth after meal. Periodontal and gingival status of visually impaired individual show that majority 90 (69.2%) had no periodontal pocket and 83 (63.8%) had slight loss of attachment. Conclusion: The oral hygiene status and periodontal status of visually impaired individuals can be improved more through an in-service educational programmes

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Thacker, KK, LM Kaste, KD Homsi, and CW LeHew. "An assessment of oral cancer curricula in dental hygiene programmes: implications for cancer control." International Journal of Dental Hygiene 14, no. 4 (June 9, 2015): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/idh.12150.

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Nguendo-Yongsi H. Blaise. "Oral health assessment of urban and rural dwellers in Bafia-Cameroon." World Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Research 1, no. 2 (August 30, 2021): 017–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53346/wjbpr.2021.1.2.0121.

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Background: The public health problems associated with oral health are a serious burden on countries around the world. Those problems are acute in developing countries which are hit by non-communicable chronic diseases, including oral diseases. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the oral health of individuals from both urban and rural areas in Bafia, Cameroon. Materials and Methods: A commnunity and descriptive cross-sectional survey with probability sampling was used in this study. 2,840 individuals, aged 5 years and older, were selected, using a two-staged simple random sampling technique. The study was based on a structured questionnaire completed by the participants, and on a clinical examination performed by the dentists. Statistical methods included bivariate analyses. Results: Among the 2,759 participants who successfully completed the survey, 53.4% were males and 46.6% were females. Majority of the participants i.e., 52.4 % belonged to 17 years and more vs 47.6 % who belonged to 05-17 years age group. Of the total individuals examined, 50.4% had a poor oral health level, of which 42.9% urban dwellers and 57% rural dwellers. Conclusion: There is a significant need for increased public awareness and regular surveillance of oral hygiene practices, as well as the complications associated with poor oral hygiene. In addition, development of guidelines, public health awareness programmess and dental community educational programmes are urgently needed.

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Al Sharbati, M. M., T. M. Meidan, and O. Sudani. "Oral health practices and dental caries among Libyan pupils, Benghazi [1993-1994]." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 6, no. 5-6 (December 15, 2000): 997–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2000.6.5-6.997.

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We investigated the oral health practices and prevalence of dental caries among Libyan pupils [6-12 years], by studying 389 boys and 373 girls selected randomly from 11 public primary schools in three different residential areas indicating different socioeconomic levels. In all, 321 [42.1%] pupils did not brush their teeth, with significant differences in the different areas. The prevalence of dental caries was 61.9%, with no significant sex difference. At 12 years, the decayed, missing and filled teeth index was 1.63, the average decay per child was 1.26 and the prevalence of dental caries was 50%, but the filling needs met was 0.01. Health education programmes to improve oral hygiene practices should be considered.

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Tachalov, V. V., L. Y. Orekhova, T. V. Kudryavtseva, E. S. Loboda, M. G. Pachkoriia, I. V. Berezkina, and O. Golubnitschaja. "Making a complex dental care tailored to the person: population health in focus of predictive, preventive and personalised (3P) medical approach." EPMA Journal 12, no. 2 (April 19, 2021): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13167-021-00240-7.

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AbstractAn evident underestimation of the targeted prevention of dental diseases is strongly supported by alarming epidemiologic statistics globally. For example, epidemiologists demonstrated 100% prevalence of dental caries in the Russian population followed by clinical manifestation of periodontal diseases. Inadequately provided oral health services in populations are caused by multi-factorial deficits including but not limited to low socio-economic status of affected individuals, lack of insurance in sub-populations, insufficient density of dedicated medical units. Another important aspect is the “participatory” medicine based on the active participation of population in maintaining oral health: healthcare will remain insufficient as long as the patient is not motivated and does not feel responsible for their oral health. To this end, nearly half of chronically diseased people do not comply with adequate medical services suffering from severely progressing pathologies. Noteworthy, the prominent risk factors and comorbidities linked to the severe disease course and poor outcomes in COVID-19-infected individuals, such as elderly, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease, are frequently associated with significantly altered oral microbiome profiles, systemic inflammatory processes and poor oral health. Suggested pathomechanisms consider potential preferences in the interaction between the viral particles and the host microbiota including oral cavity, the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Since an aspiration of periodontopathic bacteria induces the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, and production of inflammatory cytokines in the lower respiratory tract, poor oral hygiene and periodontal disease have been proposed as leading to COVID-19 aggravation. Consequently, the issue-dedicated expert recommendations are focused on the optimal oral hygiene as being crucial for improved individual outcomes and reduced morbidity under the COVID-19 pandemic condition. Current study demonstrated that age, gender, socio-economic status, quality of environment and life-style, oral hygiene quality, regularity of dental services requested, level of motivation and responsibility for own health status and corresponding behavioural patterns are the key parameters for the patient stratification considering person-tailored approach in a complex dental care in the population. Consequently, innovative screening programmes and adapted treatment schemes are crucial for the complex person-tailored dental care to improve individual outcomes and healthcare provided to the population.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Oral hygiene programme'

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