Journal articles on the topic 'Oral history interviews'
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1
Vrzgulová, Monika. "The Oral History Interview – A Relationship and Space of Trust." Slovenský národopis / Slovak Ethnology 67, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 430–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/se-2019-0025.
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Abstract The oral history interview is a “multi-layered communicative event”. It is a unique, active event, reflective of a specific culture and of a particular time and space. Interviews, more precisely biographical interviews, are the tool I have been using for decades. The relationship between the interviewer and interviewee is, therefore, an essential question for me. I interview people to find out what happened to them, how they felt about it, how they recall it and what wider public memory they draw upon. Focused on the biographical narratives, as well as in-depth and repeated interviews, I have constantly faced ethical and moral questions in accordance with my role as a listener, and as a partner in the interview, but also as a scholar with the goal of using the interview in my scientific work. In my text, I would like to develop Hourig Attarian’s inspiring ideas on self-reflexivity, which brings to light the grey zones that we encounter in our work. This is often a difficult and fragile process. It is central to the connections that I create with the interviewees in my projects. These people always affect the course of my work, but also me personally. This balancing act is an exercise. I try to understand my own limits, I try to push my own boundaries, and assess how each of these circumstances impacts my research.
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Layman, L. "Reticence in Oral History Interviews." Oral History Review 36, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 207–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ohr/ohp076.
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Jones, Lu Ann, Adrienne Petty, Mark Schultz, Rebecca Sharpless, and Melissa Walker. "AGRICULTURAL HISTORY ROUNDTABLE COMPLICATING THE STORY: ORAL HISTORY AND THE STUDY OF THE RURAL SOUTH: LU ANN JONES, ADRIENNE PETTY, MARK SCHULTZ, REBECCA SHARPLESS, AND MELISSA WALKER." Agricultural History 84, no. 3 (July 1, 2010): 281–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-84.3.281.
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Abstract Five historians who have used oral history to study the rural South assess the ways that oral history methodology and content have complicated our understanding of the region’s agricultural past. They explore two major themes: first, the ways that the information gathered in oral history interviews revealed the diversity and complexity of the rural South and second, how the dialectical process of the interview—the give and take between interviewer and informant—shaped their interpretation of that rural past. Sharpless and Jones examine new content gained through interviews with German Americans and plantation managers, who have been excluded from most studies. Through their personal experiences, Petty and Schultz consider the ways in which relationships between interviewer and interviewee shape the narrative, often obviating differences of class and particularly race. Walker frames the discussion from her experiences in interviewing a variety of rural Southerners.
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Miller, David. "Oral history interviews – lives in physiology." Physiology News, Spring 2015 (April 1, 2015): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36866/pn.98.36.
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Wolff, Helen A., Terence J. Healy, and Thomas H. Spurling. "An introduction to the CSIRO Oral History Collection." Historical Records of Australian Science 30, no. 2 (2019): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr18026.
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This paper describes a project to record specialised oral histories of key individuals involved with Australia’s principal scientific research organisation, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). The oral histories are intended to complement official governance documents in a larger project to write a history of CSIRO. Oral histories typically include perspectives on family backgrounds and childhood, professional training and career histories. Of particular interest in these interviews is the involvement of interviewees in the management of CSIRO and their reflections on the place of CSIRO in the Australian and international scientific environments. The interviews were conducted mainly by two of the authors (Spurling and Healy), both of whom were well known to the interviewees because they were themselves senior managers in CSIRO and familiar with the topics discussed. These histories are intended to illuminate important personal factors that have influenced decision-making in CSIRO. Also covered are plans to use other collections of interview materials in the CSIRO History Project (CHP), including those conducted by CSIRO historian Boris Schedvin, the Australian Academy of Science and the National Library of Australia. Details are provided of preparations for interviews, recording and transcription and preparation of materials for public access through CSIROpedia.
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Stundžė, Lijana, and Giedrė Rutkauskaitė. "Moterų sakytinė istorija: komunikacinis aspektas." Informacijos mokslai 68 (January 1, 2014): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2014..3920.
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Straipsnio tikslas – išanalizuoti moterų interviu kaip sakytinės istorijos šaltinius komunikaciniu aspektu. Sakytinė istorija apibrėžiama kaip komunikacinės sąveikos tarp tyrėjo ir interviu davėjo metu gimęs pasakojimas, apibrėžtas lingvistinių, socialinių, ideologinių ir komunikacinių struktūrų. Analizės objektas yra interviu metodas, kuris naudojamas informacijai surinkti. Istorijos moksle duomenų rinkimas interviu būdu ir jų interpretavimas vadinamas sakytine istorija. Sakytinės istorijos specifiką lemia jos pagrindinis šaltinis – interviu, kurio informacija visuomet subjektyvi, turi asmeninės interpretacijos atspalvį ir savaime nėra tinkama faktų tikslinimui (Marcinkevičienė, 2008). Sakytinės istorijos metodas yra populiarus tarp istorikų, sociologų, antropologų, žurnalistų, etnologų. Mokslininkai sakytinę istoriją analizuoja įvairiais aspektais, tačiau pasigendama visapusiško požiūrio į sakytinės istorijos interviu komunikacinį aspektą. Šiame straipsnyje teorinės įžvalgos pritaikomos Vilniaus universiteto Lyčių studijų centro moterų atminties archyvo „Socializmas moterų atmintyje“ interviu analizei komunikaciniu aspektu. Analizei atrinkta 20 atsitiktinių, nepublikuotų interviu, kuriuose nagrinėjamas klausėjui ir apklausiamajam keliamų reikalavimų ir atsakomybių įgyvendinimas bei įtaka komunikacijos procesui. Straipsnyje atsiribojama nuo sakytinės istorijos turinio analizės ir dėmesys telkiamas tik į komunikacinius aspektus, t. y. analizuojamas interviu procesas ir jo dalyviams keliami reikalavimai. Straipsnyje aprašomas atliktas tyrimas parodo pasirinktos temos daugiaaspektiškumą ir tarpdiscipliniškumą. Naudojami aprašomasis ir mokslinės literatūros kritinės analizės metodai.Reikšminiai žodžiai: sakytinė istorija, moterų sakytinė istorija, interviu, komunikacija, klausymas.
Women’s oral history: the communicative aspectLijana Stundžė, Giedrė Rutkauskaitė
Summary Oral history is defined as a story born of communication interaction between the researcher and the interviewee. It is defined by linguistic, social, ideological as well as communication structures. The purpose of the study is to analyse women’s interviews as sources of oral history by the communicative aspect. The object of analysis is the interview method which is used to gather information. Data collection using the interview method and its interpretation in the science of history are called oral history. Oral history is determined by the specificity of its main source – an interview, which is always subjective and is not suitable for revising the facts (D. Marcinkevičienė, 2008). However, interview is understood not only as information exchange. The process of interview includes also: mutual understanding which allows the interviewer to predict the actions and behaviour of interviewees; interaction, which helps influencing the process of interview; empathy, which allows empathizing with interviewee’s feelings. These elements are analysed theoretically and practically in this article.The interview method is popular among historians, sociologists, anthropologists, journalists, ethnologists. Scientists explore an oral history in various aspects, but there is a lack of a comprehensive approach to the communication aspect in oral history interviews. The theoretical insights are adapted to the analysis of interviews of the Vilnius University Centre of Gender Studies archive “Socialism in Women's Memory”. There were 20 unpublished interviews randomly chosen for the analysis in order to examine the requirements and responsibilities for the interviewer and the interviewee and the impact of the communication process. The article focuses only on the communicative aspects, the interview process, and the requirements for the participants. The analysis shows the multidimensionality and interdisciplinarity of the topic. The article is written using the methods of descriptive and critical analysis of the scientific literature.
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Lichtblau, Albert. "Oral History lässt sich nicht unterrichten?" Oral History in der akademischen Lehre 31, no. 1-2018 (January 7, 2020): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/bios.v31i1.02.
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Am Beispiel einer Lehrveranstaltung über Oral History an der Universität Salzburg vertritt der Autor die These, dass Oral History sich nicht direkt unterrichten, sondern im Unterricht vor allem anleiten lässt, da nur die Praxis des Interviewens selbst einen umfassenden Einblick in die Methode und das Forschungsfeld ermöglicht. Dies im Rahmen der universitären Lehre zu vermitteln ist allerdings mit Schwierigkeiten verbunden, nicht nur, weil auch in Österreich die Anfänge der Oral History von dem Motto „Learning by Doing“ geprägt waren. Wie sich dieses Vorhaben trotz zeitlich begrenzter Möglichkeiten realisieren lässt, zeigt dieser Beitrag, der auf den langjährigen eigenen Erfahrungen des Autors als Oral Historian aufbaut. In der beschriebenen Lehrveranstaltung müssen die Studierenden selbstständig ein Interview führen, das möglichst in der eigenen Familie stattfinden soll. Bei der Vorbereitung stehen Übungen über den Ablauf von Interviews, den Umgang mit Technik, das Formulieren von Fragen und das Aushalten von Schweigen im Zentrum. Dabei lernen sie auch die Rolle des bzw. der Interviewten kennen, was Verständnis für die häufig mit Stress verbundene Situation der Befragten wecken soll. Es werden verschiedene Szenarien besprochen, um Handlungsoptionen zu antizipieren, wenn etwa Interviewpartner/innen anfangen zu weinen oder sie sich als traumatisiert erweisen. Zur Übung gehört auch die Nachbearbeitung der Interviews, ihre Aufbereitung in Form von Präsentationen wie letztlich auch das Abschließen mit den anvertrauten Lebensgeschichten.
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Bertram, Christiane, Wolfgang Wagner, and Ulrich Trautwein. "Learning Historical Thinking With Oral History Interviews: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Intervention Study of Oral History Interviews in History Lessons." American Educational Research Journal 54, no. 3 (February 1, 2017): 444–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0002831217694833.
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The present study examined the effectiveness of the oral history approach with respect to students’ historical competence. A total of 35 ninth-grade classes ( N = 900) in Germany were randomly assigned to one of four conditions—live, video, text, or a (nontreated) control group—in a pretest, posttest, and follow-up design. Comparing the three intervention groups with the control group, the intervention groups scored better on four of the five achievement tests. Comparing the live group with the video and text groups, students in the live condition were more convinced of their learning progress at both measurement points. However, they scored lower than the video/text group on two achievement measures and higher on one at the posttest.
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Boschma, Geertje, Olive Yonge, and Lorraine Mychajlunow. "Consent in Oral History Interviews: Unique Challenges." Qualitative Health Research 13, no. 1 (January 2003): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732302239415.
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Oppenheimer, Helene H. "Excerpt: Mattz Family Interviews: Oral History Transcripts." California History 84, no. 3 (2007): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25161892.
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Tranguyen, Trangdai. "From Childhood Storytelling to Oral History Interviews." Oral History Review 29, no. 2 (January 1, 2002): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ohr.2002.29.2.119.
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Givens, Douglas R. "Oral History Index: An International Directory of Oral History Interviews, Meckler Corporation, 1990." Bulletin of the History of Archaeology 2, no. 2 (November 2, 1992): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/bha.02205.
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Wolff, Helen A., Terence J. Healy, and Thomas H. Spurling. "Corrigendum to: An introduction to the CSIRO Oral History Collection." Historical Records of Australian Science 30, no. 2 (2019): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr18026_co.
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This paper describes a project to record specialised oral histories of key individuals involved with Australia's principal scientific research organisation, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). The oral histories are intended to complement official governance documents in a larger project to write a history of CSIRO. Oral histories typically include perspectives on family backgrounds and childhood, professional training and career histories. Of particular interest in these interviews is the involvement of interviewees in the management of CSIRO and their reflections on the place of CSIRO in the Australian and international scientific environments. The interviews were conducted mainly by two of the authors (Spurling and Healy), both of whom were well known to the interviewees because they were themselves senior managers in CSIRO and familiar with the topics discussed. These histories are intended to illuminate important personal factors that have influenced decision-making in CSIRO. Also covered are plans to use other collections of interview materials in the CSIRO History Project (CHP), including those conducted by CSIRO historian Boris Schedvin, the Australian Academy of Science and the National Library of Australia. Details are provided of preparations for interviews, recording and transcription and preparation of materials for public access through CSIROpedia.
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Nägel, Verena Lucia. "Oral History-Interviews zum Holocaust in der universitären Lehre." Oral History in der akademischen Lehre 31, no. 1-2018 (January 7, 2020): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/bios.v31i1.09.
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Seit 2009 veranstaltet der Bereich der Digitalen Interview-Sammlungen an der Freien Universität Berlin jährlich eine internationale Summer School zur wissenschaftlichen Arbeit mit Oral History Interviews zum Nationalsozialismus und Holocaust. Im Rahmen der einwöchigen Blockveranstaltung werden 20 internationale Nachwuchswissenschaftlerinnen und -wissenschaftler in die wissenschaftliche Nutzung von Oral History-Interviews zum Nationalsozialismus eingeführt. Der Artikel beschreibt die Besonderheiten dieses akademischen Fortbildungsangebots und diskutiert, inwieweit das Format trotz seiner Interdisziplinarität und Internationalität auf klassische universitäre Lehrveranstaltungen übertragbar ist.
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Pessanha, Francisca, and Almila Akdag Salah. "A Computational Look at Oral History Archives." Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 15, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3477605.
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Computational technologies have revolutionized the archival sciences field, prompting new approaches to process the extensive data in these collections. Automatic speech recognition and natural language processing create unique possibilities for analysis of oral history (OH) interviews, where otherwise the transcription and analysis of the full recording would be too time consuming. However, many oral historians note the loss of aural information when converting the speech into text, pointing out the relevance of subjective cues for a full understanding of the interviewee narrative. In this article, we explore various computational technologies for social signal processing and their potential application space in OH archives, as well as neighboring domains where qualitative studies is a frequently used method. We also highlight the latest developments in key technologies for multimedia archiving practices such as natural language processing and automatic speech recognition. We discuss the analysis of both visual (body language and facial expressions), and non-visual cues (paralinguistics, breathing, and heart rate), stating the specific challenges introduced by the characteristics of OH collections. We argue that applying social signal processing to OH archives will have a wider influence than solely OH practices, bringing benefits for various fields from humanities to computer sciences, as well as to archival sciences. Looking at human emotions and somatic reactions on extensive interview collections would give scholars from multiple fields the opportunity to focus on feelings, mood, culture, and subjective experiences expressed in these interviews on a larger scale.
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Pesonen, Pete, and Kirsti Salmi-Niklander. "Studying Industrial Oral History during the Pandemic – Ethical and Methodological Questions." Ethnologia Fennica 49, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.23991/ef.v49i1.113030.
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This article discusses an oral history project that examines homer production at the Högfors Ironworks in Karkkila. This was a cooperative project of the University of Helsinki, the Finnish Labour Archives and the Finnish Foundry Museum in Karkkila. A “homer” (firabeli in Finnish) is an object made for one’s own benefit by a worker using his or her factory’s equipment and materials. The article focuses on ethical and methodological issues affecting the study of industrial oral history during the COVID-19 pandemic. What kind of practical and ethical challenges were faced, how could they be solved and how did they affect a project? These issues are reflected in relation to recent academic discussions on conducting oral history interviews during the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic affected the process in numerous ways. The conducting of interviews required a unique solution based on the local services of Karkkila. The risks for interviewers and interviewees were minimized. However, the downside was that a video interview during the long pandemic period might have been a psychologically stressing experience for some interviewees. The interviewees’ ideas about homer practices were similar to those of the previous oral history collections. The major distinction between the Karkkila collection and the previous collections lies in the foundry industry itself.
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Wynne, Susan C. "Cataloging Oral Histories: Creating MARC Records for Individual Oral History Interviews." Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 47, no. 6 (July 7, 2009): 561–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01639370902935471.
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Freeman, Martha, David Nickels, and Thad Sitton. "An Oral History of Camp Swift: 2004 Interviews." Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State 2006, no. 1 (2006): Article 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21112/ita.2006.1.13.
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Larkey, Uta. "Past Forward: Oral History Interviews with Holocaust Survivors and Storytelling." Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals 13, no. 2 (June 2017): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155019061701300208.
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This article highlights new research opportunities on oral history interviews and storytelling. From 2003 to 2013, Goucher College students interviewed Holocaust survivors in Baltimore, Maryland, and publicly retold their stories on campuses, in schools, and in synagogues. These oral history interviews and storytelling presentations are stored in digital form in the Special Collections at the Goucher Library and are currently in the process of being made available online. The students used their chronologically structured interviews to develop their own narration of the survivors’ accounts. The interviews and presentations include a wide variety of survival experiences all over war-torn Europe as well as the survivors’ recollections of their arrival in the United States. The Goucher Testimony Collection adds another aspect to existing archived oral history interviews: the survivors entrust their stories to interviewers the ages of their own grandchildren. The interviews as well as the digitized storytelling presentations are a rich source for comparative analyses with interviews from other collections and/or other forms of testimonies. The techniques and approaches are also applicable to other oral history/storytelling projects, such as with war veterans or immigrants.
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Currie-Williams, Kelann. "Makers and Keepers: Two Lives, through Photographs." Canadian Journal of History 56, no. 3 (December 1, 2021): 292–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh.56-3-2021-0044.
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Looking through the pages of family photo albums or the folders of photographic archival fonds can only be described as holding history in your hands. Whether it is in the form of colour or black and white prints, negatives, or slides, these photo-objects carry histories of lives lived that go beyond their frames. Focusing on a set of oral history interviews conducted with two Black women living in Montréal — a community photographer or image “maker” who was most active during the 1970s–1990s and a photo-collector or “keeper” who is currently active in preserving and sharing photographs for her church and wider communities within the city — this article engages with how the interweaving of photography and oral history gives us a rich way to experience the histories of Black social life in Montréal. Photo-led oral history interviews are sites for fruitful and in-depth conversation, providing interviewee and interviewer alike with the possibility of coming into encounter with everyday or minor histories that are too often overlooked. Moreover, this article is driven by a set entwined questions: How does oral testimony open up additional avenues for sharing the events of the past that have been captured through photographic images? What affective and relational qualities do photographs possess and how, in turn, do these qualities transform the space of the oral history interview? And, most urgently, why was photography used by Black Montréalers as a tool and a practice to remember and insist upon their collective presence?
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Eygerðardóttir, Dalrún. "Drifting: Feminist Oral History and the Study of the Last Female Drifters in Iceland." Feminist Research 2, no. 1 (June 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21523/gcj2.18020101.
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This paper examines the story of the last female drifters in Iceland from the voices of women who remembered them. It examines the advantages of the woman-on-woman oral history interview when obtaining women’s perspectives on women’s history. An examination of women’s narrative techniques suggests that women’s narrative style is often consistent with a conversational style; and therefore it is important to construct a space in woman-on-woman oral history interviews that carries a sense of place for a conversation. It also examines the woman-on-woman oral history interview as a continuation of women’s oral tradition in Iceland, especially an oral tradition from medieval Iceland; called a narrative dance (ice. sagnadans). Lastly, it examines the shared features of the Icelandic #Metoo event stories and the Icelandic narrative dances, in relation to woman-on-woman oral history interviews.
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Willis, Justin. "Two Lives of Mpamizo: Understanding Dissonance in Oral History." History in Africa 23 (January 1996): 319–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171946.
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In August 1993 and February 1994 I conducted two interviews with a woman in Buhweju, a county in southwestern Uganda. The interviews were part of a series concerning the social and political history of Buhweju, which is now part of Bushenyi District. In the precolonial period, Buhweju was a small autonomous polity ruled by an hereditary “king;” in the colonial period it was subsumed into the neighboring kingdom of Nkore, which became known as Ankole.The first interview, like most of my interviews, focused on the history of the family of the interviewee, and she said that her paternal grandfather, whose name was Mpamizo, had been a Hima, or pastoralist. In Buhweju, and elsewhere in Ankole, this meant, and still means, very much more than simply being a keeper of cattle. The agriculturalist Iru and pastoralist Hima share the same language and much of the same culture, but speak and behave differently in a number of significant ways (diet and mode of subsistence being prominent among these), so that whether one is a pastoralist or an agriculturalist is very apparent to any other member of society. The woman to whom I was talking is very evidently an Iru, an agriculturalist, in her manner and in the way she lives, as is her husband, and so I was surprised to hear that her grandfather was a Hima, a pastoralist. It was partly for this reason that I went back to talk to her again: but on the second occasion, there was an important shift in her presentation of Mpamizo—a dissonance in her account of the past. Mpamizo, she now said, was an Iru. This dissonance is the subject of this paper, for it holds important lessons both about society in Buhweju and about the ways in which we interpret oral accounts of the past.
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Hughes, Celia. "Negotiating ungovernable spaces between the personal and the political: Oral history and the left in post-war Britain." Memory Studies 6, no. 1 (January 2013): 70–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750698012463895.
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In this article, I consider the value and challenges of using oral history interviews to access and interpret narrative memories of men and women who became active in the left network around Britain’s anti-war movement, the Vietnam Solidarity Campaign. I focus in-depth on the individual stories of one man and one woman who, in the late 1960s and early 1970s, joined far left Trotskyist organisations. The stories reveal a two-fold search for past revolutionary and current selves. Reading between the shifting layers of past and present, the article will explore what deeper insights interviewing offers into the complex ways in which activists shaped subjectivities both in their far left groups and in the interview itself. It engages with the concept of inter-subjectivity to reflect on the interpersonal relationship between interviewer and interviewee in the oral history encounter. It thus considers the meeting of particular subjectivities and the role they played in shaping the oral history narratives. Through careful attention to my own internal state at the time of interviewing, and to how the interviewees’ stories made me feel, I seek to understand unconsidered political, social and emotional gendered experiences of life on the British far left around 1968.
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Orth, Karin. "Studentische Oral History-Interviews zu Nationalsozialismus und Zweitem Weltkrieg." Oral History in der akademischen Lehre 31, no. 1-2018 (January 7, 2020): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/bios.v31i1.05.
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Im Zentrum des folgenden Beitrags stehen zwei Lehrveranstaltung zur Oral History mit Schwerpunkt Nationalsozialismus bzw. Zweiter Weltkrieg, die ich am Historischen Seminar der Universität Freiburg angeboten habe und in denen die Studierenden selbst ein lebensgeschichtliches Interview geführt haben – in einem Fall mit einer/einem Angehörigen der sogenannten „Kriegskindergeneration“, im anderen mit einem ehemaligen „Hütekind“. Nach Ausführungen zur Konzeption und Durchführung der Veranstaltung werden die Reaktionen und Erkenntnisse der Studierenden vorgestellt sowie anschließend diskutiert, warum diese Lehrveranstaltungen von den Studierenden so überaus positiv bewertet wurde.
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Jones, Rebecca. "Blended Voices: Crafting a Narrative from Oral History Interviews." Oral History Review 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ohr.2004.31.1.23.
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Norrick, Neal R. "Talking about Remembering and Forgetfulness in Oral History Interviews." Oral History Review 32, no. 2 (January 1, 2005): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ohr.2005.32.2.1.
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Hedges, Paul. "Global Phenomenologies of Religion: An Oral History in Interviews." Journal of Contemporary Religion 37, no. 3 (September 2, 2022): 579–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13537903.2022.2062864.
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Pagenstecher, Cord. "Oral History und Digital Humanities." Digital Humanities und biographische Forschung 30, no. 1-2/2017 (April 29, 2019): 76–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/bios.v30i1-2.07.
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Digitale Technologien ermöglichen die softwaregestützte Sicherung, Erschließung und Bereitstellung von Interviewsammlungen und ihre sammlungsübergreifende Recherche und Analyse. Nach einem Forschungsüberblick skizziert der Artikel die an der Freien Universität zugänglichen digitalen Interviewsammlungen, insbesondere das Visual History Archive der Shoah Foundation und das Online-Archiv Zwangsarbeit 1939-1945 und ihre Nutzungsmöglichkeiten. Während Oral Historians traditionell meist wenige Interviews anhand der Transkripte analysierten, unterstützen digitale Interviewarchive nun vergleichende Untersuchungen anhand der originalen Audio- und Videoaufzeichnungen. Allerdings steht die digitale Aufbereitung von Oral History-Sammlungen vor großen Herausforderungen. Die Digital Humanities stellen dafür einige Ansätze bereit, etwa in den Bereichen Spracherkennung und Named Entity Recognition, Erschließungssoftware und Metadatenstandards, Persönlichkeitsschutz und Langzeitarchivierung, die der Artikel kurz vorstellt und diskutiert. Abschließend demonstriert ein Kurzvergleich von zwei Interviews prototypisch die Möglichkeiten einer digital unterstützten Interviewanalyse im Hinblick auf Multiperspektivität, Multimodalität und Multilingualität. Deutlich wird, dass die Digital Humanities der Oral History neue und faszinierende Forschungsperspektiven eröffnen.
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Crawford, Robert, and Matthew Bailey. "Speaking of research: oral history and marketing history." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 10, no. 1 (February 19, 2018): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-02-2017-0007.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the value of oral history for marketing historians and provide case studies from projects in the Australian context to demonstrate its utility. These case studies are framed within a theme of market research and its historical development in two industries: advertising and retail property. Design/methodology/approach This study examines oral histories from two marketing history projects. The first, a study of the advertising industry, examines the globalisation of the advertising agency in Australia over the period spanning the 1950s to the 1980s, through 120 interviews. The second, a history of the retail property industry in Australia, included 25 interviews with executives from Australia’s largest retail property firms whose careers spanned from the mid-1960s through to the present day. Findings The research demonstrates that oral histories provide a valuable entry port through which histories of marketing, shifts in approaches to market research and changing attitudes within industries can be examined. Interviews provided insights into firm culture and practices; demonstrated the variability of individual approaches within firms and across industries; created a record of the ways that market research has been conducted over time; and revealed the ways that some experienced operators continued to rely on traditional practices despite technological advances in research methods. Originality/value Despite their ubiquity, both the advertising and retail property industries in Australia have received limited scholarly attention. Recent scholarship is redressing this gap, but more needs to be understood about the inner workings of firms in an historical context. Oral histories provide an avenue for developing such understandings. The paper also contributes to broader debates about the role of oral history in business and marketing history.
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Hájek, Martin, Martin Havlík, and Jiří Nekvapil. "The Problem of Relevance in Thematically Oriented Biographical Interview: The Case of Oral History Interviews." Czech Sociological Review 50, no. 1 (February 1, 2014): 29–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.13060/00380288.2014.50.1.32.
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Heesen, Anke te. "Spoken Words, Written Memories: Early Oral History and Elite Interviews." History of Humanities 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/713261.
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Bainbridge, David, and Sally Jo Cunningham. "Making oral history accessible over the World Wide Web." History and Computing 10, no. 1-3 (October 1998): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/hac.1998.10.1-3.73.
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This article describes a multimedia, WWW-based oral history collection constructed from off-the-shelf or publicly available software. The source materials for the collection include audio tapes of interviews and summary transcripts of each interview, as well as photographs illustrating episodes mentioned in the tapes. Sections of the transcripts are manually matched to associated segments of the tapes, and the tapes are digitized. Users search a full-text retrieval system based on the text transcripts to retrieve relevant transcript sections and their associated audio recordings and photographs. It is also possible to search for photographs by ma tching text queries against text descriptions of the photographs in the collection, where the located photographs link back to their respective interview transcript and audio recording.
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Dolmaya, Julie McDonough. "A place for oral history within Translation Studies?" Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 27, no. 2 (June 8, 2015): 192–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.27.2.02mcd.
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To explore how oral history methodologies could be incorporated into translation studies research, this paper begins by reviewing oral history’s approach to conducting, preserving and analyzing oral, retrospective interviews. It then examines how oral history methods could help enhance existing methodological and documentation standards in translation studies, expand the range of sources available for current and future historical studies of translators and interpreters, and enhance existing theoretical frameworks in translation studies. Particular emphasis is placed on memory and performance in oral narratives, two aspects of interviews that seem underrepresented in existing translation studies literature, and some attention is paid to how existing translation studies research could benefit oral history.
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Immler, Nicole L. "Oral History und Narrative Theorie: Vom Erzählen lernen." Oral History in der akademischen Lehre 31, no. 1-2018 (January 7, 2020): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/bios.v31i1.12.
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Wachsende Oral History-Archive weltweit beherbergen abertausende von Interviews, zur Gewaltgeschichte des 20. und 21. Jahrhunderts ebenso wie zur Sozialgeschichte verlorener wie gegenwärtiger Lebenswelten. Das digitale Zeitalter macht viele dieser Interviews öffentlich zugänglich. Doch welche Herausforderungen ergeben sich daraus für Wissenschaft und Lehre? Um diese Frage geht es in diesem Aufsatz. An der Universität für Humanistik in Utrecht unterrichte ich das Fach „Narrative Research and Oral History: Theory, Method and Practice“. In meinem Seminar sprechen Zeitzeugen und Zeitzeuginnen durch ihre Egodokumente zu den Studierenden. Der Kurs bringt Selbstzeugnisse, Oral History und narrative Theorie in einen Dialog und erschließt damit den Studierenden die narrative Dimension des menschlichen Daseins. Ich zeige, in welcher Weise narrative (Erzähl-)Theorien hilfreich sind, um Oral History-Interviews in ihrer Komplexität zu analysieren; um simplifizierte Identitätskonstruktionen oder Zuschreibungskategorien wie „Generation“ oder „Trauma“ kritisch zu reflektieren sowie Potentiale und Risiken in Narrativen zu verorten. Mit diesem Aufsatz möchte ich auch der Debatte über das „Re-Using“ von Oral History aus digitalisierten Datenbanken einen Impuls geben.
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Dingle, Lesley. "Legal Biography, Oral History and the Cambridge Eminent Scholars Archive (ESA)." Legal Information Management 14, no. 1 (March 2014): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669614000140.
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AbstractLesley Dingle describes the ESA, a digital archive based on interviews with prominent personalities associated with the Law Faculty of Cambridge University. It constitutes a unique repository of audio, textual and photographic materials, providing insights into the careers of scholars, jurists and practitioners. Motivations for the establishment of the archive in 2006 were: recording reminiscences of scholars back to WWII and its immediate aftermath; documenting developments in administration and teaching in the Faculty and colleges; archiving voices of scholars taking about their early lives, careers and published works; compiling a cross-indexed reference of personalities mentioned in interviews; and generating an awareness amongst students and younger staff of the rich heritage of the Faculty. The methodology and strategy of conducting interviews and compiling entries is briefly described. Finally, in the broader context of legal biography, it is argued that such oral histories are an essential component because they capture aspects of personality that written accounts cannot and thereby reveal traits that conventional biographies may miss. This claim is illustrated by selected examples from the archive, that currently contains twenty interviewees.
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Clark, Alfred P. "Oral History as Institutional Biography." Public Historian 41, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 72–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2019.41.3.72.
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Traditional histories of higher education institutions tend to be academic histories or photo essays. This article describes another approach, “institutional biography” narrated with extensive oral history interviews of faculty, staff, trustees, alumni, and emeriti. Using University of La Verne’s institutional biography as illustration, the article suggests not only that a richer institutional history will result, but that significant but often overlooked trends will emerge, such as the daily lives of students. YouTube examples are provided to demonstrate that institutional biography is public history in significant ways. Finally, the article shows how institutional biography may uncover comparative information useful for studying the general history of higher education.
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Sleight, Lauren. "Towards Inclusivity at the University of Warwick." Exchanges: The Interdisciplinary Research Journal 8, no. 4 (August 3, 2021): 34–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/eirj.v8i4.806.
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As part of the Then & Now project, oral histories were collected from staff and alumni about their experiences at the University of Warwick. During these interviews, participants often spoke about their own experiences of inclusion and exclusion at university, often in comparison to the perceived experience of students at university of today. Looking back to earlier decades of the 1960s, 70s, 80s and 90s, those interviewed described the institution as primarily white, male, and middle-class. But, in their oral history testimonies participants reported feeling that that inclusivity at Warwick has undergone a transformation over the last 50 years. This article reviews these interviews and considers what the interviewees’ experiences can add to discussions about inclusivity and accessibility within universities. By focusing on three themes that were identified from these interviews - gender, race and ethnicity, and class - the article explores changing attitudes and experiences of inclusion and exclusion at the University of Warwick 1965-present. The interviews indicate that significant changes have taken place with regards to gender equality, but that less sustained changes have been perceived to have occurred in relation to class and race. By reviewing a small sample of interviews that were collated as part of Then & Now, this article demonstrates the potential that further oral histories could offer to our understanding of inclusivity at the University of Warwick and the history of Higher Education.
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Wokutch, Richard E., John F. Steiner, Sandra Waddock, and Mary J. Mallott. "Oral Histories of the Business and Society/SIM Field and the SIM Division of the Academy of Management: Origin Stories From the Founders." Business & Society 57, no. 8 (June 7, 2017): 1503–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650316680038.
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This issue of Business & Society contains the transcripts of 12 oral history interviews with founders of and early contributors to the business and society/social issues in management (SIM) field. The publication of these interviews is the culmination of a very long-term project, with the first interview having been conducted in 1993 with Lee Preston and the most recent interview having been conducted in 2011 with Jim Post. This project has been very much of a team effort with Sandra Waddock, John Steiner, Mary Mallott, Ariane Berthoin Antal, and, of course, our interviewees all playing important roles.
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Hackmann, Mathilde. "Interviews in historical nursing research." Pflege 12, no. 1 (February 1, 1999): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1012-5302.12.1.28.
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In diesem Artikel wird die Forschungsmethode des Interviews im Zusammenhang mit der historischen Pflegeforschung erläutert. Im ersten Teil erfolgt eine kurze Darstellung der Entstehung der Geschichtswissenschaft und der historischen Pflegeforschung. Danach wird die Forschungsmethode Interview diskutiert und der Ansatz Oral History vorgestellt. Zum Schluß werden einige Beispiele aus der historischen Pflegeforschung untersucht, in denen die Forschungsmethode Interview angewandt wurde.
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Balaram, Arita. "Crafting New Narratives of Diasporic Resistance with Indo-Caribbean Women and Gender-Expansive People across Generations." Societies 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc11010002.
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This study used participatory oral history and digital archiving to explore two interrelated questions: How do Indo-Caribbean women and gender-expansive people across generations experience processes of storytelling? What are the challenges and possibilities of oral history and digital archiving for constructing alternative histories and genealogies of resistance? In the first phase of the study, twelve Indo-Caribbean women and gender-expansive people across generations participated in an oral history workshop where they were introduced to oral history methods, co-created an interview guide, conducted oral history interviews of one another, and engaged in collective reflection about processes of storytelling. In the second phase, four co-authors of a community-owned digital archive participated in semi-structured interviews about their work to craft new narratives of diasporic resistance rooted in the everyday stories of Indo-Caribbean women and gender-expansive people. In this paper, I analyze how Indo-Caribbean women and gender-expansive people practice resistance by breaking silences in their communities around gender-based oppression, shift norms through producing analyses of their own stories, and reshape community narratives. Furthermore, I explore how oral history participants and co-authors of a digital archive understand the risks associated with sharing stories, raising the ethical dilemmas associated with conceptualizing storytelling as purely liberatory.
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CRAWFORD, ROBERT, and MATTHEW BAILEY. "Cousins Once Removed? Revisiting the Relationship between Oral History and Business History." Enterprise & Society 20, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2018.111.
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This article analyses the evolving relationship between mainstream oral history and business oral history, and explores the ways in which the latter has been deployed and discussed in business history journals. Business historians have, until relatively recently, tended to utilize oral history as a means to fill gaps in the archive. Interviews thus made important contributions to business history studies, but much of their potential remained untapped. Recent critical engagement with issues of methodology and interpretation has seen a discernible shift in the ways that oral history is being understood by business historians. This article outlines this evolution and the possibilities that it raises for both business and oral history.
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Ulinskaitė, Jogilė. "Memories of Discipline in Soviet Lithuania: Stories in Oral History." Baltic Journal of Political Science, no. 7-8 (July 26, 2019): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/bjps.2018.7-8.4.
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Totalitarian regimes attempt to restrict and control virtually every aspect of human life. Interestingly, conscious reflection on disciplinary practises takes up only a small part of the life-stories of interviewed Lithuanians, as far as the memory of the post-Stalin era is concerned. The interviews that form the foundation for this paper were conducted during the summer of 2017 in three different districts in Lithuania. The article aims to answer the following two research questions:1) Which mechanisms of discipline did people recognize and reflect upon?2) How were disciplinary actions remembered and described?According to interviews, tangible individuals filled the role of disciplinarians in schools and workplaces. In addition, the responsibility for discipline and control lies within the imperceptible disciplinarian, supplemented by the invisible discipline of the collective. This led to overwhelming uncertainty in the society, where people invoked intuition and interpretations of who is trustworthy to adapt to uncertain situations. The greatest impact of the totalitarian discipline was that people effectively internalized it and consequently became their own most significant disciplinarians.
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Ochs, Eva. "Oral History an der FernUniversität in Hagen." Oral History in der akademischen Lehre 31, no. 1-2018 (January 7, 2020): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/bios.v31i1.08.
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Oral History hat in der Lehre an der FernUniversität eine lange Tradition. Sie wird in jedem Semester im Bachelorstudiengang Kulturwissenschaften angeboten und wird von den Studierenden kontinuierlich nachgefragt. Entsprechend dem System der Fernlehre erfolgt das Studium der Oral History über vorbereitetes Kursmaterial, aber auch in Präsenzveranstaltungen, zu denen Studierende und Lehrende sich vor Ort treffen. Die Konzeption eines solchen Seminars wird beschrieben. Die Vermittlung der Inhalte erfolgt sowohl durch die Diskussion methodisch-theoretischer Texte als auch durch praktische Übungen zum Themenfeld von Erinnern und Gedächtnis. Ein Einblick in die Interpretation lebensgeschichtlicher Interviews wird während intensiver Quellenarbeit in Arbeitsgruppen gegeben. Dabei werden die Schwierigkeiten deutlich, innerhalb eines zweitägigen Blockseminars die vielfältigen methodischen Aspekte der Oral History zu diskutieren und gleichzeitig die Studierenden mit der Praxis von lebensgeschichtlichen Interviews vertraut zu machen. Da die Studierenden an der FernUniversität ein Altersspektrum von 20 bis 80 Jahren aufweisen, wird das Thema der lebensgeschichtlichen Erinnerungen sehr unterschiedlich wahrgenommen und diskutiert.
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CRAWFORD, ROBERT. "Off the Books: Oral History and Transnational Advertising Agencies in Southeast Asia." Enterprise & Society 20, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2018.107.
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This article reflects on the contribution that oral history can make to business historians by examining the Australian advertising professionals’ experiences of working in Southeast Asia from the 1960s to the 1980s. Interviews with these advertising professionals examined the processes by which they entered the region as well as their experiences of working there. In addition to documenting information and insights that are altogether absent from official records, the interviews offer an opportunity to reflect on broader social, cultural, and economic contexts and the degree to which they impacted on interviewees’ actions. By illustrating the transmission of business cultures through advertising agency networks as well as their impact on global business, this article also demonstrates oral history’s capacity to connect personal experience with business history.
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Wilton, Janis. "Belongings: Oral History, Objects and an Online Exhibition." Public History Review 16 (November 8, 2009): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/phrj.v16i0.845.
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The New South Wales Migration Heritage Centre was established in 1998. Since 2003 its physical presence has been located within Sydney’s Powerhouse Museum and it has had the strategic brief to record the memories of ageing migrants before their stories are lost. The Centre is, however, a museum without a collection; a heritage authority without heritage sites; a cultural institution whose main presence is in cyberspace. Among its high profile projects is one entitled Objects through time and another Belongings. Both focus on the ways in which objects can convey aspects of the migration experience. Belongings, the focus of this article, presents the remembered experiences of people who migrated to Australia after World War II, and seeks to highlight significant features of their experiences through asking them to share their memories and to nominate and talk about significant objects. As a project it grew out of movable heritage policy work within state government agencies, and its initiators – John Petersen, Kylie Winkworth and Meredith Walker – were central players in this development. It was also inspired by the National Quilt Register of the Pioneer Women’s Hut at Tumbarumba.
With its object-centred approach and accompanying edited interview transcripts, Belongings provides a focus for exploring the messages and emphases that emerge when oral history interviews concerned with migration have the specific brief to ask about material culture and its significance. Belongings also enables an exploration of the layering of those messages that emerges when object captions are located back in the context of the oral history interviews from which they were extracted. As a virtual exhibition, Belongings also provides the opportunity to consider the challenges for museums (virtual and real) when they need to condense the richness of migrant oral histories and life stories to captioned objects that can be put on display.
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Köhler, Joachim, Michael Gref, and Almut Leh. "KA³. Weiterentwicklung von Sprachtechnologien im Kontext der Oral History." Digital Humanities und biographische Forschung 30, no. 1-2/2017 (April 29, 2019): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/bios.v30i1-2.05.
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Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet die Möglichkeiten und die Herausforderungen der Audio Mining-Technologie für die automatisierte Transkription von Oral History-Interviews. Durch die erheblichen Fortschritte in der Spracherkennung deutet sich ein sinnvoller Einsatz der Technologie in den Geisteswissenschaften zur Transkription von Interviews an. Dies eröffnet eine Reihe von Perspektiven für die interviewbasierte Forschung. Erstens lassen sich aufwendige und kostenintensive Transkriptionsarbeiten reduzieren, zweitens ist die Tonspur auf Wortebene direkt mit dem Transkript verbunden und über eine Suchanwendung zugänglich, drittens können weitaus größere Mengen an Interviews recherchiert und ausgewertet werden. Auf der anderen Seite stellen Oral History-Interviews, vor allem ältere Aufnahmen, hinsichtlich Aufnahmequalität und spontaner sowie dialektaler Sprechweisen eine erhebliche Herausforderung dar, so dass aktuell Forschungsarbeiten notwendig sind, um die Leistungsfähigkeit der Spracherkennung auf notwendige Qualität zu heben. Diese Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeiten sind Gegenstand des vom BMBF geförderten Projektes KA³ (Kölner Zentrum Analyse und Archivierung von AV-Daten). Dieser Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht über die eingesetzten Technologien zur Sprachanalyse, die Funktionsweise des Fraunhofer IAIS Audio Mining-Systems, das Oral History-Archiv „Deutsches Gedächtnis“ der FernUniversität in Hagen, die aktuell erzielten Ergebnisse sowie aktuelle Forschungsansätze zur Verbesserung des Systems.
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Clifford, Rebecca. "Emotions and gender in oral history: narrating Italy's 1968." Modern Italy 17, no. 2 (May 2012): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532944.2012.665284.
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The year 1968 was and remains an emotion-laden topic in Italy, and yet few historians have used emotions to parse the history and memory of this period. This paper draws on a collection of interviews with former activists in the student movement and the New Left to explore the ways in which expressions of feeling in life-history narratives can flag up possible lines of difference in women's and men's stories. It draws on three emotive themes – rebellion, violence and liberation – to explore the interaction between gender, feeling, narrative, and what the author calls the ‘third person in the room’: meta-narratives of 1960s activism that can exert a powerful weight on the interview, blending and blurring the lines of individual and collective experience.
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Geraci, Victor W. "Letting Sources Become the Narrative: Using Oral Interviews to Write History." Public Historian 27, no. 1 (2005): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2005.27.1.61.
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Lichtblau, Albert. "Geschichte und Psychotherapie im Austausch: Lebensgeschichten mit Oral-History-Interviews erfassen." Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie 20, S1 (September 30, 2021): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11620-021-00624-x.
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ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag für die Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie reflektiert die Methode Oral History, die sich mit der Aufzeichnung, Archivierung und Auswertung von lebensgeschichtlichen Interviews befasst. Für die Aufarbeitung der Gewaltgeschichte von zwei Weltkriegen und fortdauernder Massengewalt im 20. Jahrhundert waren die Erfahrungen aus der therapeutischen Arbeit mit dadurch traumatisierten Menschen eine wichtige Stütze. Das Wissen über historische Rahmenbedingungen wiederum kann wichtige Hinweise für die therapeutische Arbeit geben, um die Darstellungsweisen individueller Geschichten besser zu verstehen.
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Mildorf, Jarmila. "Narratives of vicarious experience in oral history interviews with craft artists." Journal of Pragmatics 152 (October 2019): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2018.03.010.
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