Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Oral et écrit'
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Chaix, Yves. "Troubles spécifiques du langage oral et écrit, dysfonctionnements cérébraux et remédiations." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30084.
Full textThe first part of this work is a review focusing on recent genetic and neuroimaging studies that have improved our understanding of the biological bases of Specific Language Impairement and Dyslexia. In the experimental part, we have studied the impact of temporal cerebral dysfunction on language and reading abilities in a group of children with epilepsy. The neuropsychological profile of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy was compared to dyslexia in which the link between dysfunction in the left perisylvian regions and phonological deficit have been established. Then, we have studied the effects of intensive and implicit phonological training programs. In the first study, we have combined training of phonological and morphological abilities using auditory presented speech samples: assessment after training showed an improvement of syntactic and lexical performances in SLI children. In the second study, we did not find a specific influence of phonological training with slow-down of speech rate in children with dyslexia
Bourdin, Béatrice. "Coût cognitif de la production verbale : étude comparative oral/écrit chez l'enfant et l'adulte." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOL024.
Full textThis work was aimed at showing, in a developmental and cognitive perspective, the cognitive cost of low-level processes involved in written production (e. G. , spelling, handwriting). Our hypothesis was that these processes increase the working memory load. Such a load would have an impact on the management and quality of written production. This would be all the more true as the subjects are novices. Indeed, the activities specific to writing are assumed to be automated in adults. Consequently, they would consume few cognitive resources. By contrast, in children, these activities would not be yet automated and would be cognitively costly. Thus, we postulated that all the activities involved in production draw on a single limited pool of cognitive resources. Consequently, if the activities specific to writing increase the working memory load, thus they should limit the resources allocated to higher level activities (i. E. , conceptual and linguistic planning). In this perspective, a first series of experiments was conducted from a serial recall paradigm which was assumed to simulate either the graphic (written recall) or phonetic (oral recall) execution of a pre-planned "message". These experiments were designed to show that, at least in children, the written recall leads in a drop in performance with respect to oral recall performance. These experiments showed that the written mode increased the cognitive cost of the production of a language sequence in children (7 and 9 years) but not in adults. This increase of the load resulted in a drop in performance in the written mode. Handwriting and spelling explained, at least partially, these results. The cognitive cost of the written mode was extended in a second series of experiments to situation in which the material was more highly structured, such as in sentence and text production
Guillaume, Bénédicte. "Approche énonciative des question tags en anglais contemporain : étude d'un corpus écrit et oral." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE2030.
Full textYan, Helai. "Le langage chinois (oral et écrit) et ses relations avec l'Inconscient : une réflexion sur la praxis psychanalytique en chinois." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131017.
Full textAndré, Frédéric. "Pratiques scripturales et écriture SMS. Analyse linguistique d’un corpus de langue française." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040055.
Full textSince the beginning of the XXIst century, the SMS practice questions the use of traditional linguistics norms in daily writings. According to the history of writing, its rapid growth as a prefered practice in interpersonal communication refers to questions about the dissemination of any emergent practice: how people use-it? In which way does a support such as a mobile phone influence the way of spelling? Could the writings depend on the age, gender, place of residency, education level or experience of SMS? Does SMS writing have homogeneous characteristics? Is-it related to the oral language? Can it be the cradle of the evolutions of written language? By manual analysis of linguistic of more than 10,000 authentic SMS in French, from corpora collected in Belgium, Reunion Island, Switzerland, Quebec and southern France, this study shows that SMS writing is aimed at personal appropriation of the graphic code, without orthographic standard systematically suffering. It shows that SMS writing reveals everyone’s identity, in terms of their relationship to writing and ability to adapt the discourse. This research also indicates that SMS writing can sometimes present caracteristics that account for the existence of a strong link between graphic code and cognitive oralisation of a message
Hong, Jing. "Analyse linguistique d'un genre de discours : l'entretien - écrit ou oral - à dominante culturelle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0263.
Full textOur work concerns a set of interviews, written or oral, with a cultural focus. We identified the genre of the “cultural interview”. This genre of discourse is similar to the dialogue and it concerns various spheres of cultural activities (mainly artistic practices) that are inscribed in identified institutions of production or publication. The cultural domains that we have selected are literature (F. Ponge, N. Sarraute, A. Nothomb, É. Reinhardt) and cinema (A. Varda, J. Rouch, B. Tavernier, M. Piccoli). The oral interviews are mainly from recordings of the radio station « France-Culture » whereas, the written interviews were selected from books or press media such as, Télérama or Le Monde.Firstly, we characterize the genre of the cultural interview by relating it to its dialogical superstructure and differentiating it from an ordinary conversation. We noted the media omnipresence of the interview which we have attested by various figures. Then, we deal with the synonymous questions of an interview, conversation and dialogue through press usage (Le Monde). Finally, our theoretical framework is mainly constituted by discourse analysis (D. Maingueneau, 1999, 2002, 2014), dialogism (J. Bres, 2005), conversational analysis (E. Roulet et al., 19872), interactionist analysis (C. Kerbrat-Orecchioni, 1990) and textual linguistics (J.-M. Adam, [1992] 20174). All these theoretical contributions are based on the difference between primary and secondary genres made by M. Bakhtine (1984). At the end of the first part, we define the genre of the cultural conversation by specifying the components of its macro-structure.We then proceed to linguistic analyses of excerpts for which we have equipped ourselves with linguistic tools likely to account for the intermediate level of structuring. The verbal flow and the informational dynamism require indeed that we know how to apprehend the enunciative question or the macro-syntax with adapted analysis tools: the grammar of the period (Groupe de Fribourg, 2012); the grammar of text and the strategies of topicalization (B. Combettes, 1986). Similarly, micro-syntax in its oral realizations, requires appropriate tools such as the syntactic grid of C. Blanche-Benveniste (1990).Lastly, we specifically characterize the exchanges between an oral form and a written form. The realization of mixing effects may not be necessarily linked to the medium itself. The thesis proposes to return to Koch & Oesterreicher's communicational continuum (2001) in order to test its parameters (situational and contextual determinants). We observed that the communicative continuum is a solution to the general question of the oral and/or written dichotomy. Here we show how this continuum operates in the case of cultural interviews
Thibault, Marie-Pierre. "Le bilan orthophonique, entre mesures et interprétations : Exalang 5/8 ans, une batterie d'évaluation du langage oral et écrit." Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUEL532.
Full textThe application of the evaluation in speech therapy questions its users permanently. The question of the "measurement" of linguistic competences is at the center of this search, by targeting mainly the measurement of the assets and the deficits in children aged 5 to 8 years, while positioning itself as a footbridge between private clinic and research. This thesis puts at the center of this search, the calibration and the use of a measuring instrument of the oral and written language: Exalang 5/8. It tries to answer the paradoxical question: "it is necessary to measure the language in a speech therapy approach but, is it measurable?". It evaluates the implied operational acts and the limits of measurement. It endeavours to bind between them various skills in oral and written language, through discriminating tests. It shows that the measurement of the language in a child is difficult in theory and partially realizable in practice. This thesis opens tracks for other research, thanks to the oral corpora and writings collected
Bakah, Edem Kwasi. "Analyse du discours oral des guides touristiques et du discours écrit des guides de voyage : régularités discursives et perspectives didactiques." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/BAKAH_Edem_Kwasi_2010.pdf.
Full textOn one hand, the study identifies and analyzes discourse patterns common to oral discourse of tour guides and that of writer-guides. On the other hand, it offers didactic perspectives resulting from the study of the discourse patterns. The variables analyzed are discursive themes, polyphony, personal and non personal deictics, spatial deictics and temporal deictics. The study postulates that the discourse patterns characterizing oral discourse of tour guides and written discourse of writerguides are similar and complementary. This research is based on an oral corpus comprising thirteen hours of audio recordings of guided tours in Togo and a written corpus from two tourist guides (Petit Futé Togo and Petit Futé Ghana) on Togo and Ghana. The results of the study show nine major themes marking the discourse of tour guides and that of the writer-guides. These include political system, important personalities, history and population, culture, economics, geography, security agents, education and preparation for one’s journey. The analysis also reveals the presence of polyphony in both the tour guides’ and writer-guides’ discourse. With regard to deictics, the oral and the written discourse exhibit more similarities than differences. The study proposes didactic perspectives in the form of classroom activities and lesson plans for training of tour guides in french as a foreign language in Ghana
Maurel, Fabrice. "Transmodalité et multimodalité écrit/oral : modélisation, traitement automatique et évaluation de stratégies de présentation des structures "visuo-architecturale" des textes." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30256.
Full textWe are interested in the utility and, if the need arises, the usability of texts visual structure, within the framework of their oral transposition. We propose the synoptic of an oralisation system who leads to a text representation directly interpretable by Text-To-Speech systems. We partially realized the module specific to the oralisation strategies, in order to render some signifying parts of the text often “forgotten” by synthesis systems. The first results of this study led to specifications in the course of integration by an industrial partner. Predictive hypothesis, related to the impact on memorizing/understanding of two strategies coming from our Reformulation-based Oralisation Model for Texts Written to be Silently Read (MORTELS), have been formulated and tested. This work shows that cognitive functions was lost. Prototypes, exploiting the “Page Reflection” notion, have been conceived through interfaces in which multimodality is used to fill this gaps
Messoussi, Nezha el. "Récit oral et écrit chez les élèves marocains de la cinquième année primaire : analyse et comparaison de leurs compétences linguistiques et textuelles." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H091.
Full textDenis-Noël, Ambre. "Interactions entre langage oral et langage écrit lors du traitement de mots isolés et de phrases : comparaison d'adultes dyslexiques et normo-lecteurs." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0397.
Full textThe aim of the present thesis is to examine the interactions between the orthographic and phonological representations in university students with and without dyslexia. These interactions were examined in the spoken and written modalities, both in isolated word and sentence processing. The influence of the orthographic representations on speech processing was examined through the manipulation of the orthographic consistency and by recording the EEG activity, those of the phonological representations during reading was examined through the manipulation of the phonological consistency and by recording eye-movements. The obtained results suggest the existence of bidirectional connections between orthography and phonology influencing language processing in both modalities and in both populations. During isolated word processing, these influences are delayed in adults with dyslexia compared to skilled readers in both modalities. During sentence reading, both populations showed an early influence of phonological representations suggesting the use of compensatory mechanisms in adults with dyslexia. During spoken sentence comprehension, the orthographic representations seem to influence different processing stages in each population: skilled readers seem to rely on these representations when they need to disambiguate the phonological representations; individuals with dyslexia seem to rely on it only when the different representations associated to the target word could be pre-activated by the sentence context. These results are discussed in light of the triangle connectionist model (Harm & Seidenberg, 2004)
Bédard, Denis. "Étude du développement des habiletés en compréhension de discours informatifs oral et écrit d’élèves de 3ième et de 6ième année du primaire." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9223.
Full textRoberge, Julie. "Etude de l'activité d'annotation des copies par des enseignants de français du second cycle du secondaire selon deux modalités (écrit/oral)." Lille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL3A004.
Full textSolier, Clara. "L'interface oral-écrit dans l'apprentissage d'une langue étrangère : influence de l'input orthographique sur les représentations phonologiques : le cas des apprenants marocains." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20010.
Full textNumerous studies have shown that orthography impacts speech perception and production processes. However, the influence of orthography is not taken into consideration in speech perception models, nor in speech production models. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of orthography on L2 spoken production. We will compare written production tasks to spoken production tasks. We assumed that the orthographic representations activated during written production allow phonological representations to be modified, thereby leading to a more accurate pronunciation. We tested this hypothesis on 100 Moroccan beginning learners of French, using a pretest posttest design. Stimuli were split in four categories, containing four target vowels (/ɔ̃/, /ɑ̃/, /i/, /e/) in final word position. Participants were divided in 5 groups, each performing an experimental condition training: (1) repetition of minimal pairs, (2) word repetition with verbotonal method of phonetic correction, (3) vocalized copy, (4) dictation, and (5) copy. Participants completed a word repetition task in pretest and posttest. We analyzed the effect of the experimental condition on the pronunciation accuracy in the posttest and training tasks. Results confirmed our hypothesis: pronunciation accuracy is significantly better in posttest after written production training. Moreover, results indicate that the copy task improved the posttest pronunciation accuracy the most. Our study supports the fundamental role of orthography on second language phonology
Fantazi, Djaber. "Etude multimodale et sémiotique des capacités narratives enfantines à l'oral et à l'écrit." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENL021/document.
Full textThis study explores narrative capacities in oral and written production, among children aged 9 to11 years, schooled in 4th and 5th year of primary school. We know that these abilities, in children as in adults, are composed of two skills, one linguistics and the other nonlinguistic (co-speech gesture; punctuation in writing). The aim of this work is to study the paralinguistic features.In order to achieve this task, we compared the content of the information obtained from children's oral and written narratives. First, every child's language abilities were assessed using the Evaluation du Langage Oral test. Then, after watching a short cartoon presenting a mini-story, each child produced both an oral and a written narrative account of the story. We thus collected an audiovisual and heuristic corpus of 46 children. The two oral and written sets of narratives were transcribed and annotated on the following dimensions: syntax, narrative content, co-speech gesture and written text punctuation, using the ELAN software.Multimodal and semiotic analyses of pragmatic and discursive aspects of our data showed that some oral gestures and some writing punctuation participate, as well as linguistic components, in the expressiveness, framing and discursive structuring. These findings endorse previous knowledge in this field of research. They also showed that the higher the linguistic level of the children, the better the performance narrative, and closer are its achievements oral and written. Inversely, the better the performance narrative of the children and paralinguistic resources specialize in their own modality (gesture / punctuation) to improve the performance of the children.Our study refreshes our knowledge of child language and opens interesting perspectives. As for later language development, the discursive ability begins to settle at this age and is linked to children linguistic abilities. From an educational point of view, it appears that the ability to produce organized language in speech, although is a general capacity, specializing greatly depending on the modality in which it is updated. This finding has practical implications for the teaching of writing and educational activities related to it
Meloni, Dino. "Cuisine, écriture et savoir : transmissions et renaissance de la cuisine médiévale anglaise (XIe-XVe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040232.
Full textThe twelfth-century renaissance in England is characterized by the hegemony of the Plantagenets as well as Anglo-Norman intellectual thriving. However, no study has yet defended the thesis of an Anglo-Norman culinary renaissance. This dissertation aims at highlighting the connexity between power, knowledge and cuisine and at demonstrating how the mechanism of translatio imperii et studiorum also sets in motion a dynamic of translatio coquinæ. While an elaborate system of governance supports the flourishing of elite cuisine, gastronomy is itself a legitimizing attribute of Anglo-Norman political strategy and influence. In the twelfth century, the enthusiasm for recently discovered Greco-Arabic culture and knowledge establishes a sense of classical culinary revival and stresses the will to break from Anglo-Saxon heritage. Recovering and improving a glorious past echoes in the concept of "renaissance". The promotion of writing as a receptacle of knowledge is equally fundamental. From the twelfth century onwards, the first Western medieval recipes inherited from Greco-Arabic tradition, reveal a new relationship between writing and cooking. Through the depreciation oral culture and memory, considered unreliable, this renaissance establishes and passes down a strong belief in the civilizing gastronomic progress generated by cookbooks, while in contrast, the absence of recipes involve less sophisticated cooking and a less civilized society. Born from the conception of translatio imperii et studiorum, the translatio coquinae has produced a mythomoteur and a gastronomic myth now firmly rooted in Western culinary heritage and in historiographic methodology dogma
Li, Meng. "Développement de l'expression orale du français chez les apprenants chinois par le biais de l'échange écrit instantané en ligne." Thesis, Limoges, 2020. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/e30e642f-7e77-4c68-a010-2f57edcde34d/blobholder:0/2020LIMO0058.pdf.
Full textThis research concerns teaching French as a foreign language. It focuses exclusively on the development of French oral expression skills by way of synchronous text-based online exchange. The research began when the authors noticed that oral expression was a big handicap for Chinese students and that teaching practices in the classroom were insufficient to remedy it. Against this background, we referred to Information and Communication Technologies for Education (ICTE) and asked the question: could ICTE help create a teaching / learning device in order to improve oral activities, complement spoken French teaching, and improve significantly Chinese students’ oral expression skills? To answer this question, this paper focuses on a key pedagogical issue, by reference to the hypothesis that, as an auxiliary method, synchronous text-based online exchange could assist Chinese students majoring in French to improve their speaking skills. Focusing on both key learning theories and teaching information and communication technologies, examining this hypothesis permitted us to analyse the close relationship between written and oral expression in order to improve Chinese students’ oral expression skills. Results of our teaching experiment further confirmed the hypothesis, while also opening up new avenues of reflection on this issue and suggesting future research
Charollais, Aude. "Étude du langage oral et écrit d'une population d'enfants nés grands prématurés : aspects cliniques et électrophysiologiques Comparative electrophysiological study of world reading in French : Does the P1-N1 temporal window reveal a neurodevelopmental anomaly ?" Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR124.
Full textPopulations of children born very prematurely represent 7% of births, or 15 million babies per year. While death and cerebral palsy rates decrease in Western countries, nearly 40% of these children will present neurodevelopmental disorders. Among their difficulties, school failures are overrepresented when compared to full-term children. Reading acquisition is nonetheless very often achieved. We hypothesized that formerly preterm newborns would present minimal motor disorders which, according to the motor theory of speech perception, would hinder the development of phonology. In a longitudinal work conducted in three parts, we analyzed the reading of formerly very preterm newborns by analyzing their event-related potentials on the EEG. In the first part, within a national research program (PHRC), we included children born very prematurely and tested at 3 years of age to characterize and then stimulate their oral language. We randomized them into a re-educated group (n = 87) and a non-reeducated group (n = 78) (LAMOPRESCO study). The results showed the effectiveness of a short and protocol-specific stimulation program on the development of sensorimotor aspects of language at 4 years of age. Re-educated children showed a trend toward a better progression of their score in phonology and significantly improved scores in the lexicon in language reception (p = 0.02), production and comprehension Phonology scores were correlated with motor, fine motor, and laterality scores. In the second part, we developed a methodology of ERP during reading, with stimuli represented by simple and contrasted words in order to distinguish between the phonological motor way and the visual way. The results in two paradigms in ERP of our normative adult population (n = 19) and normal 12-year-old children (n = 16) concerned the N170 wave. This parameter of choice, which signifies the automatization of reading, allows us to confirm the “tuning” effect and to consider the importance of the stimuli. The recorded population of dyslexic paired children confirmed the existence of maturational fluctuations of the N170 wave and its co-construction with the attentional P100 wave. The positive time course of P1N1 was correlated for all populations of normo-readers and dyslexics at our leximetry parameter. The N170 appears to reflect the specialization and automatization of expert reading, but the P1N1 couple informs us about its neurodevelopmental construction through a probable “top down” effect maturation on the P100. The position of the N170 was positive in 56% of the paired premature infants (n = 18), while it is found in 39% of dyslexic children. In the oddball task, the latency of the P300 target words was correlated with the VL in all studied groups. This complementary result directs us to the importance of visual attention and working memory, especially in children born very prematurely during the specialization of neurons in reading. To achieve our third part, which is the recording of our first-time children, who are now 8 years old, by the cVEVs, we simplified our stimulus words. We recorded new normative populations: normal adult readers (n = 25), matched norma, reading children at 8 years of age (n = 22), and dyslexic children (n = 11). They were all differentiated by the heterogeneous parameters of the N170. In the one-minute reading test, dyslexic children performed less well than children born prematurely (n = 18), themselves different from normal readers. The correct response rate and the reaction time differentiated children born prematurely from dyslexic children. In the oddball paradigm, children born very prematurely but rehabilitated (n = 8) were distinguished from children born prematurely but uneducated (n = 9) at the behavioral lecel by better CRR and longer RTs. Non-rehabilitated children had no oddball effect. We demonstrate the effect of a 4-year reeducation program in short-term oral language that modifies reading strategies at age 8
Broc, Lucie. "Le langage des enfants et des adolescents dysphasiques : ce que nous apprennent les situations de narrations." Thesis, Poitiers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015POIT5003/document.
Full textChildren and adolescents with a specific language impairment (SLI) present a language disorder that appears in the absence of a cognitive impairment and persists beyond the age of 6. Based on elements of developmental pragmatics (Grice cooperative principle, 1979 and transition from the interpsychological to intrapsychological functioning, Vygotsky, 1997) and inspired by the work of Berman (2005), this thesis defends the idea that in SLI the language is not a uniform deficit. In other words, the language performances of children and adolescents with SLI should vary according to the situation in which they produce language (standardized test vs. communicative situation), but also according to the production modality (oral vs. written), and finally the linguistic measure considered (e.g. morphological spelling vs. lexical spelling). The results show that the participants with SLI perform better in a communicative than in a standardised test situation, and in written than in spoken language. Finally, their performance varies differently according to the measure considered, from 7 to 11 and 12 to 18. The developmental pragmatics framework chosen made it possible to emphasize that, when assessing language abilities in children and adolescents with SLI, the choice of a task affects the performance obtained. Moreover, as advocated by Ringard (2000), children and adolescents with SLI fully benefit from a mainstream school environment, where they can progress in the long term, up to the age of 18
Louis, François. "Étude sémantique et lexico-combinatoire de lexèmes du champ sémantique de la santé en breton vannetais dans le cadre de la théorie linguistique Sens-Texte." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN20038/document.
Full textThe thesis offers a first-start study of the semantic field of health in the vannetais variety of Breton, based both on a corpus of literary Breton from the Vannes region and a corpus of oral Breton collected from traditional speakers in the Pontivy area. Lexicographic description of lexical units from that semantic field is embedded in the Meaning-Text linguistic theory. An overview of the theory, in particular it’s lexicological branch, the Explanatory and Combinatorial Lexicology is given, followed by a detailed description of the lexical and syntactic co-occurrence of nouns denoting physiological disorders, illnesses and diseases. Such a description has required lexemization of vocables (= discrimination of different word-senses of polysemous words) to which belong basic lexemes of this semantic field: DROUG ‘≈ physiological disorder’, KLEÑVED ‘disease’, KLAÑV ‘ill / sick’, KLEÑVEDET lit. ‘made.ill’ = ‘having an illness’, YAC’H ‘healthy’, YEC’HED ‘health’ and AESAAT ‘to cure / heal’. These lexemes have been given a detailed lexicographic description. The thesis represents the very first attempt at applying a clear, coherent and descriptively powerful lexicographic methodology to Breton data. In addition, it makes available to the scientific community a corpus of oral Breton of about a half million words
Lachaud, Marie-Hélène. "Contribution à la formation à l'écrit en milieu professionnel : le cas des métiers de la propreté." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01070404.
Full textPresutti, Stefano. "L'interdépendance entre oralité et écriture : le cas de la consonne latérale palatale dans l'acquisition phonologique de l'italien langue étrangère." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0410.
Full textIt is vital today for most people to learn a second language, acquiring both spoken and written skills. In the Second Language (L2) learning process, especially with adult students, both oral and written inputs are used. This study investigates why today in Western societies there is an incorrect balance between oral and written language, especially during the language acquisition processes. I focus particularly on inconsistent grapheme-to-phoneme correspondence (GPC) of the consonant palatal lateral approximant in Italian. In the present thesis, first I analyse the relationship between oral and¬ written language through the diachronic evolution of Western societies. Secondly, I describe the phoneme and the grapheme targets synchronically, diachronically and phono-symbolically. Finally, we examined the GPC of the Italian palatal lateral approximant with an audio-visual discrimination test in L2 context. The study urges teachers and scholars to pay more attention to the phonological features of the L2 teaching processes, and to raise awareness about a more balanced relationship between oral and written input
Guerin, Emmanuelle. "Introduction de la notion de variation situatiolectale dans la grammaire scolaire par la caractérisation de deux opérateurs pragmatiques : on et ça." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169203.
Full textVermander, Pierre. "Les reliefs de la voix. Oralité et écriture en moyen français." Thesis, Paris 3, 2020. https://bsnum.sorbonne-nouvelle.fr/files/original/1338/6773/These_en_cours_de_traitement.pdf.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on medieval orality’s representation. It questions the very notion of « representation » by challenging the fundamental assumption of the equivalency between the oral and written communication systems .The issue of the relationship between writing and orality (I) is introduced through a brief examination of the notion of phonocentrism (I, 1). A category of orality markers involving non-resemblance representational models has been created to address this as a representational rather than a grammatical issue (I, 2). Then we analyze both medieval and oral salient characteristics (variation, imprecision, and improvisation) illustrated by our literary and inquisitorial corpus (I, 3). Finally, we will examine the way our texts depict their own representation of writing and orality (I, 4) The ad hoc development of a new linguistic category allows us to consider the markers of orality as new areas of analysis rather than mere representations of orality (II). The notion of medieval variance will be used to develop an analytical model as the basis for a « pragmaphilology », i.e. a discourse involving the combinatory possibilities of the orality markers (II, 5). Based on concepts of conversation analysis, we will focus on the role of markers as turn-taking organizing devices, including their function as transition or interruption graphic indicators (II, 6). We have considered four specific case studies (Oh, Et, Et bien, Hen) aiming at re-evaluating existing hypotheses about the function of orality markers (II, 7). Finally, our goal is to demonstrate that contrary to the presupposition of the vacuity implicit to their massive presence in medieval texts, swear words should be considered effective means of truth-telling (II, 8)
Roig, Audrey. "Les structures corrélatives isomorphes: étude des propriétés sémantiques, morphologiques et (micro-/macro-) syntaxiques des corrélatives isomorphes en "autant", "ni", "plus", "soit", "tantôt" et "tel"." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209397.
Full textCette étude porte sur les structures françaises dites "corrélatives", construites en "autant.autant", "ni.ni", "soit.soit", "plus.plus", "tantôt.tantôt" et "tel.tel", soit des corrélatives "isomorphes". Si ces structures mettent toutes en relation deux termes ou structures, nous montrons ici, par le biais de descriptions sémantique, morphologique et syntaxique, que chacune de ces constructions est également très différente. À partir d’exemples tirés de corpus (français oral et écrit), ce travail ambitionne donc de mettre en évidence les propriétés des structures corrélatives isomorphes, de dresser le bilan des caractéristiques qui les unissent et les distinguent les unes des autres. Il a pour second objectif de questionner la place de la corrélation dans la typologie des modes de liaisons de prédications – c’est-à-dire la possibilité ou non d’assimiler les corrélatives françaises à de la subordination, de la coordination ou encore de la juxtaposition. Une tierce finalité, davantage méthodologico-épistémologique, a trait à l’examen de la façon dont les structures corrélatives isomorphes sont prises en compte respectivement en syntaxe traditionnelle, dans les approches graduelles et en macrosyntaxe (aixoise et fribourgeoise) ;il poursuit consécutivement un objectif plus général, celui de trouver une porte de sortie à l’impasse actuelle en syntaxe, née de l’apparente inconciliabilité des trois approches.
La réponse à ces trois objectifs nécessite une étude en deux étapes. Dans un premier temps, ce travail s'attarde ainsi sur chacune des six structures corrélatives, mettant en évidence leurs ressemblances et dissemblances tant sémantiques que formelles. Cette première étape offre alors la possibilité d’inscrire le phénomène de la corrélation isomorphe dans le cadre général des liaisons de prédications et de confronter plus spécifiquement les propriétés des structures dites "corrélatives" avec celles de ces autres modes de liaisons dans une les modèles 1) binaires ou ternaires des modes de jonctions propositionnelles (approche traditionnelle), 2) graduels (Foley & Van Valin, Rebuschi, Lehmann) et 3) macrosyntaxiques (écoles d'Aix et de Fribourg).
English :
This project focuses on the study of so-called “correlative” structures in French that use "autant.autant", "ni.ni", "soit.soit", "plus.plus", "tantôt.tantôt" et "tel.tel", that is to say "isomorphic" correlatives. While all these constructions serve to connect two terms or structures, we shall show, through morphological, syntactic and semantic descriptions, that they each possess distinctive features. Using examples drawn from a corpus (French, oral and written), this project thus aims to establish the properties of isomorphic correlative structures, and to identify the characteristics they share and those that distinguish them from one another. The second aim of this project consists in (re-)examining the place of correlation in the typology of predication linking structures in an effort to determine whether or not French correlatives may be considered as a type of subordination, coordination or even juxtaposition. The third objective, which is methodological and epistemological in nature, will consist in studying how traditional syntax, gradual models and macrosyntax have respectively accounted for isomorphic correlative structures. In this way, we shall attempt to break the current deadlock resulting from the apparent incompatibility of the three approaches.
To reach these three goals, the study will be organized in two phases. First, the various correlative structures will be scrutinized in order to highlight semantic and formal similarities and dissimilarities. This will allow us to position the phenomenon of isomorphic correlation within the general framework of predication linking, and thereby compare the properties of so-called “correlative” structures with those of other linking structures. In the second phase, we will re-examine the place of correlative structures in the models advanced by traditional syntax, by gradual approaches (Foley & Van Valin, Rebuschi, Lehmann) and macrosyntax (Aix and Fribourg).
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Bessert, Vetea. "La tradition juridique de l’Église catholique occidentale du dit à l’écrit : implications historiques, théoriques et pratiques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAK010.
Full textThe Second Vatican Council and the 1983 Code of Canon Law are one and unique event in the Tradition of Catholic Church. Heirs of one each other, the canonists living complexity. The Code is the normative form of Tradition; the challenge is a concordance between a bottom and a form. A Code of laws is a masterpiece of the writing with its own logic lines. It embodies the “world views”. They arise from a process of formation of Church Law in the course of its meetings with the cultures of Greece, Rome, Judaism, the modern West. Serving a Code which is supposed to be a continuation of the Good News, canonists make the effort to remain faithful to the dynamism of the Word. There is here a tension between orality of the origins and forms of writings, which can identifies with the critical connexion between a content and a form. How in these conditions identify a providential character to a codified expression of the ecclesial norm ? How to maintain fidelity to the dynamism of the founder event of the Christian faith ? Through an anthropological, exegetical and historical course, our thesis shows a potentially conflictual relationship and is considering new practices for the future of the canon law
Leblanc, Michel-Antoine. "Recherche de correspondances entre production écrite et orale." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100111.
Full textThis research concerns the subjective and objective relationships which could exist between an oral and written productions of the saine language extract. This can be viewed from two diffèrent aspects, both of which are taken into account here. They can either be seen in terms of "objective "relationships linked to the process of production, or in ternis of "sujective" relationships linked to inférences made by third parties in their perception of these productions. The general hypothesis that is being put forward is the following : "When subjects are asked to match oral and written productions from a population of speakers/writers the resulting matches are not random. ". The duality of production and perception lies at the heart of the experimental paradigm which consists of a series of matching experiments between voices and writings carried out by the subjects accompanied by an evaluation of these voices and writings by an other group of subjects. Main conclusions : - The subjects were not capable of perceiving an objective relationship between oral and written productions coming from the saine individual. There was a broad consensus,however, amongst the tested population in subjective links. Depending on whether the responses evoked by the voices and the writings more or less coincided or not the subjects inferred wether or not it concerned the saine person ; or, at least, they had a general feeling that a certain voice "went well" or not with a certain handwriting. It would seem that the criteria applied in an apparently unconscious way by the subjects to make their decisions correspond to quite specific associations of characteristics between voices and writings
Haeringer, Anne Sophie. "Acclimater le conte sous nos latitudes : Une sociologie pragmatique du renouveau du conte." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20121.
Full textFrom a pragmatic sociology point of view, this dissertation calls into questions what the revival of storytelling is about. It does not deal with defining the causes of this phenomenon which dates back to the 1970s, nor with drawing filiations – from a storytelling understood as “traditional” and to a “new-storytelling” – but it is about focusing on those storytellers or researchers attribute to it. As the approach is not interpretative, the dissertation does not focus on the text, nor on the articulation text/context, but on the tale-in-action. It tries to figure the revival of storytelling in terms of acclimatation rather than of context evolutions. Thus, it weaves the notion of milieu.Contemporary redefinitions of the practice of storytelling challenge this hypothesis of a storytelling connected to its milieu. A first probing test can be considered as crucial as it transforms tale’s mode of existence: through collections initiated by folklorists and later on ethnologists, tale now exists not only in a graphic, but also bibliographic form. This probing test embraces the others.The two probing tests that are then explored are those of the persistence, in rural spaces as much as in cities, of an ethnologizing version of storytelling, which considers storytelling as tied to the community.The last two probing tests deal with the definition of an aestheticizing version of storytelling. The dissertation evinces then that the process of autonomization of storytelling – on the aesthetic level as much as on the political or institutional one – is never accomplished; especially since there is neither a flaw of storytelling or a failure of those who promote it. On the contrary, it is their quality: storytelling is stuttered speech, an art in a minor mode.Considering with attention the reflexivity actors of storytelling are showing, the dissertation also underlines, along its way, different regimes of crossed reflexivity between researchers and actors of storytelling
Giannelos, Dimitrios. "Musique byzantine : tradition orale et tradition écrite (XVIIIe XXe siècles)." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100075.
Full textTerao, Yoshiko. "Le Fixe et le fugitif : thiphaigne, Diderot, Mical, Castel et leurs machines audiovisuelles." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2154.
Full textAfter the invention of the printing press in the Renaissance, knowledge became progressively based on the use of signs with no essential relation with things, spatially reconstructed with words on the page. The classical age in general and the eighteenth century in particular have often been characterized by the primacy of sight as a means of knowledge, at the expense of other senses. Such is at least one of Michel Foucault’s arguments in the Order of Things.Our thesis strives to qualify this perspective and show how, within the domination of the written culture, remnants of the traditional oral culture survived. Not only in the archaic forms of popular entertainment such as fairs, farces and fairy tales, but in what might be considered as the epitome of modernity: machines. The eighteenth century was a hot bed of contraptions aiming to produce sounds and images and to record them. Among these, our attention has focused on the real or imaginary inventions of Tiphaigne de La Roche (audio monitoring and fixation of images) Diderot (automatic production and conservation of musical pieces), Abbé Mical (reproduction of the human voice) and Father Castel (visual transposition of sounds). The careful examination of such machines as well as the ideological context of their emergence, enables us to show how the Enlightenment was open to forms of comprehension of the world much more varied than is often stated.Today the development of new media has made us familiar again with modes of representation which are more analogical than words. The tensions proper to the media system of the eighteenth century provide us with instruments to think about our relation to the world around us
Boyer, Bruno. "La dénomination orale et écrite d'actions : comparaison avec la dénomination d'objets." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CLF20005.
Full textPerret, Cyril. "La Syllabe comme unité de traitement en production verbale orale et écrite." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00270161.
Full textSuite à une tentative de définition de « ce qu'est exactement une syllabe » dans une Introduction, nous avons rapporté des arguments en faveur d'un rôle fonctionnel de cette unité en perception visuelle et auditive.
Le Chapitre I présente une revue de la littérature portant sur la production verbale orale et écrite conceptuellement dirigée (Caramazza & Miceli, 1990 ; Dell, 1986 ; Levelt, Roelofs, & Meyer, 1999). Les différents niveaux de traitement (conceptuel, syntaxique, lexical et moteur) et les propositions concernant les mécanismes de traitement impliqués à chacune de ces étapes sont présentés. Une attention particulière a été portée aux propositions des principaux modèles concernant le rôle de la syllabe dans les processus d'accès lexical et de planification motrice.
Le Chapitre II est consacré à un effet qui est à l'origine d'un vif débat : l'effet d'amorçage syllabique. Ferrand, Segui et Grainger (1996) ont montré que la présentation d'un groupe de segments correspondant à la première syllabe d'un mot (e.g., ba-baleine ; balbalcon) facilite plus la dénomination qu'un groupe de segments plus court (e.g., ba-balcon) ou plus long (bal-baleine). Nous avons essayé de répliquer ce résultat en dénomination orale d'images (Expériences 2a, 2b et 3). Nous avons rapporté des données en faveur de l'hypothèse du recouvrement segmental (Sciller, 1998, 1999, 2000). Nous avons ensuite testé si le temps de présentation de l'amorce (Expérience 4) et le moment de présentation du groupe de segments (Expérience 5) pouvaient expliquer l'absence d'effet d'amorçage syllabique. Là encore, les données sont en accord avec l'hypothèse du recouvrement segmental (Schiller, 1998, 1999, 2000). Nous avons aussi exploré la possibilité d'obtenir cet effet en production verbale écrite (Expériences 1a et 1b).
Dans le Chapitre III, nous avons testé l'hypothèse selon laquelle les latences d'initialisation de mots monosyllabiques devraient être plus courts que celles de mots bisyllabiques, si la syllabe joue un rôle fonctionnel en production verbale orale et écrite. Des études pour les deux modalités ont répondu par la négative (Bachoud-Levi et al., 1998 ; Lambert, 1999 ; Lambert et al., sous presse ; Roelofs, 2002b). Toutefois, Meyer, Roelofs et Levelt, (2003) ont proposé qu'un critère temporel de réponse (Lupker et al., 1997) influence l'instant d'initialisation de la réponse. En conséquence, un effet du nombre de syllabes peut apparaître. Nous avons essayé de répliquer ce résultat en production verbale orale (Expérience 6) et de l'étendre à la production verbale écrite (Expérience 7). Toutefois, nous n'avons pas rapporté de données en faveur de l'hypothèse de Meyer et collaborateurs (2003) pour les deux modalités.
Le Chapitre IV a pour objectif de faire une synthèse des résultats que nous avons obtenus et de proposer des perspectives de recherches.
Saucourt, Emmanuelle. "Amadou Hampâté Bâ : ethnologue ou silatigi ? : travail sur un corpus écrit de contes initiatiques peuls." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/saucourt_e.
Full textNjeddo Dewal, Kaïdara, Koumen, L'éclat de la grande étoile - these are the titles of Fulani initiatory tales passed on by the Malian writer Amadou Hampâté Bâ. Through crossing and questioning these materials, we have tried to address the issues linking culture, orality and writing. What is being said about men and culture in the passage from the oral to the written transmission of founding texts? Choosing to study initiatory tales of young Fulani shepherds - an oral material playing a significant social and cultural role for the individual and the community - what status should be conferred upon these tales once they are written and published? Can then this new form of tales be considered as a source of ethnological knowledge of Fulani culture? What is the literary, initiatory and ethnological work achieved by author Hampâté Bâ, so as to make these written tales both pieces of expression of a culture and structuring elements of initiation? Thus our research through pages have led us to perceive the tales as a creation to the glory of the Bovidae, containing the sacred words and the knowledge necessary to the weaving of the bond between the Fulas and their culture’s cement element - the cow. By collecting and putting the tales in writing, Hampâté Bâ reiterates this attachment, but even more preserves and reveals the literary and cultural wealth they are linked with. True the tale is indeed a phenomenon whose justification is pleasure, that is enjoying exchange and circulation. However it is within its permanence, its curves and its variations that the tale takes its full scope and draws the strength enabling it to carry the culture that creates it
Zakaria, Azza. "Langue orale et langue écrite dans l'acquisition du français chez les élèves du second degré en Egypte." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H065.
Full textBellanger, Emilie. "Education du patient traité par antivitamines K : étude comparant deux méthodes d'information initiale : orale ou orale et écrite." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT1017.
Full textGoujon, Carmen. "Romeiros de São Miguel, entre tradition et innovation : de l'oralité au texte écrit." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT5029.
Full textThis study is an exploration of the history of the Romeiros of São Miguel in the Azores, a pilgrimage tradition hitherto considered exclusively masculine, secular and immutable. Our interdisciplinary approach to this form of religious expression, which started in the 16th century and in a period of great natural disasters, has enabled us to discover that the exclusion of women is, as a matter of fact, a very recent development. It is, as Hobshawn would have it, "an invented tradition" which, in the history of the pilgrimage, constitutes a stage in the age-old struggle which, on the Island of São Miguel, pits the official religion against the popular creed, the urban world against the rural, and the oral traditions against the universe of writing. The imposition of a regulation, written and printed around 1960, drastically changed the nature of the oral tradition pilgrimage, by bringing about new power relations between the sexes, between the urban and rural worlds, between popular creed and official religion, as well as among their respective leaders
Messier, Sylvie. "L'analyse de la cohérence et de la cohésion dans la restitution orale et dans la restitution écrite par un jeune francophone du premier cycle secondaire diagnostiqué dysphasique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6421.
Full textAstier, Frédéric. "La philosophie orale de Gilles Deleuze et son rôle dans l'élaboration de son œuvre écrite." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA082865.
Full textThe audiocassette recordings of Gilles Deleuze at the University of Paris 8, 1979-1987 (177 courses, 400 hours) transport us, his listeners and readers, in the ebb and flow of the words lines and chapters of the philosopher. His classes were the moment at which he could sharpen an idea or elaborate a concept out of an abstraction, then create concrete examples that would captivate and address specialists and non-philosophers alike. A philosophical notion repeated in class would enrich itself with a multitude of artistic, political, and scientific references; anecdotes shaped lifestyles as well as conceptual approaches. These various points of view led to a form of experimentation. In the same movement, a new philosophical vocabulary and a pedagogical approach were invented. Far from the academic philosophy, the teachings of Gilles Deleuze at Vincennes resulted in an unprecedented encounter, an inauguration of creative reasoning and the virtual. According to a dialogical style of teaching, his oral philosophy was a prerequisite to his books and a laboratory necessary to the unfolding of the "affect of the concept". Oral philosophy is followed today by the movement towards "become-listener" thus linking with oral tradition, creative writing, the transmission of philosophical notions and living university research
Chalard, Marylène. "Effets de l'âge d'acquisition et de la fréquence objective en production verbale orale et écrite de mots isolés." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20002.
Full textGagnon, Pierre-René. "Communication écrite et orale chez Sidoine Apollinaire et Loup de Ferrières : de la lettre d'art à la lettre pratique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29446.
Full textMalardier, Nathalie. "Production verbale écrite d'unités supérieures aux mots : étude à l'interface entre le texte et le mot isolé." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF20008.
Full textBoekhoorn, Dimitri Nikolai. "Bestiaire mythique, légendaire et merveilleux dans la tradition celtique : de la littérature orale à la littérature écrite." Phd thesis, Rennes 2, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00293874/fr/.
Full textThe author offers a study of the "Celtic bestiary" which is understood here as the sum of the reel species above all; an overall view of the function and role of animals in medieval Celtic literature will be given, analysing especially the mythological, heroic and hagiographical texts. The evolution of the role of antique and medieval cult animals will be dealt with. The symbolism of the other species will be studied as well. The corpus analysed here – medieval Celtic literature - will be presented, references will be made to other civilizations (Indo- European and others). The medieval tradition will be compared with the folklore of premodern times. Several aspects linked with the animal world will be dealt with as well: the complex question of shamanism and totemism and their applicability to Celtic beliefs; animal sounds and music and their relation to human music; animal metamorphosis, animal metaphors, faunal onomastic and anthroponomy including animal terminology as well as the classification / taxonomy of the animal world. The second part is a catalogue of the species known to the medieval Celts; their role and symbolism will be briefly discussed. The third part consists of an analysis of the bestiary contained in a well-known Breton hagiographical text: the Life of St. Malo. Some of the elements studied here clearly show that the medieval Breton literary tradition belongs to the Celtic insular tradition, together with the literature of Ireland, the Isle of Man, Scotland, Wales and Cornwall
Nieuwoudt, Kerry Lee. "L'emploi de Screencastify pour fournir un feedback audio-visuel et collaboratif aux débutants en FLE sur la production écrite et orale." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33873.
Full textAsif, Saman. "La dynamique lecture-écriture-entretien oral : analyse de l'emploi des connecteurs dans la production écrite d'un texte argumentatif : le cas des étudiants en maîtrise de français au Pakistan." Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA1009.
Full textThe topic of this thesis is the dynamics underlying the relationship between reading/compréhension-discussion-writing, in the context of a study conducted with Pakistani students of French at Masters level, with a particular focus on the use of argumentative connectors. Our basic hypothesis is that the mobilizing of various language skills linked to the comprehension of an argumentatively oriented article and participating in a collective discussion will favour the production by students of an argumentatively oriented written text. The didactic nature of our work being a key feature, we tool great care in developing our experimental tool. We had also to take into account the multilingual capacities of the students. The theoretical part is based mainly on the themes of writing in the university context, recent theories of argumentation, polyphony and connectors. We analyzed the written productions of the experimental group in detail, focusing on the argumentative dimension through a study of enunciation and connective processes. The results obtained enabled us to observe problems of construction and particularly in the use of connectors. The research also shows the presence of a “hypertext” resulting from the interaction of the various activities carried out by the experimental group
Bregeon, Marie. "Analyse des rapports à la culture scripturale scolaire chez les élèves de SEGPA de culture pratico-orale et leur évolution." Paris 12, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA120061.
Full textThe aim of our thesis is to understand how the relationships of SEGPA pupils towards written school culture operate and what are the stokes in them. For that purpose, we will bring up what the fealures of these pupils oral culture transmitted in school. It relies on the theorical corpus elaborated during the past thirty years, and on the pupils representations collected among them throuhout interviews. Thus, we enhance the differences, oppositions and articulations that can be possible between these two cultural patterns. We settle thereafter an example of a pedagogical practice whose objective is ti articulate the norms and values inherent in these two patterns : story telling from SEGPA pupils to last year nursery school children
Molinari, Chiara. "L'oral dans les écrits romanesques francophones : une approche sociolinguistique et ethnographique des représentations sonores et prosodiques." Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030068.
Full textThe aim of the present study is to investigate the written representations of the oral dimension in some literary texts belonging to the francophone aerea. The question at hand will be examined through some works of A. Hampâté Bâ as a representant for Mali, P. Chamoiseau for Martinique and M. Tremblay for Québec. The complexity of the oral dimension, pointed out in the francophone areas mentioned above, results from the encounter, or rather from the conflict between native languages or varieties and the official language (the hexagonal French) taught in schools. Against this background, we propose two main hypothesis verified through the reference to sociolinguistics, ethnography of communication and linguistics notions. .
Colombo, Omar. "L'apprentissage du lexique et des suffixes évaluatifs en italien LE : la production écrite et la compréhension orale à partir d'images chez des étudiants francophones." Grenoble 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE39048.
Full textLaroque, Aude. "Historiographie et enjeux de mémoires au Burundi." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00823526.
Full textPégaz, Paquet Anne. "Quand l’oral passe à l’écrit : place et rôle de l’oral dans la construction des savoirs linguistiques mis en oeuvre à l’écrit." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H015.
Full textThe aim of this research is to question the way the oral may interfere with the construction of writing abilities at French elementary schools. Whereas the "reformulation", practiced as an exercise at school, creates a dynamic and authentic teaching situation concerning oral and written language, we chose to make a comparison between the written productions of three third-year primary school classes (a Test Class and two Control Classes), through their reformulation of a child’s oral production. We wished to observe the possible implications, in the Test Class of an oral pre- reformulation, on the written skills, compared to those of the two Control Classes who had not practised this exercise prior orally. According to the given instructions, our observations focused on the abilities of summarization of the oral production and more particularly, on the possible transformations operated in the constructions of the Nominal Group that were evoked during sessions of former oral productions in the Test Class. In order to evaluate these productions, we rely on Martinot’s definition of the “reformulation” (1994), and on the classification she proposes for analyzing them. We adapted this conceptual tool to display the procedures used by the learners and to reveal the possible presence of complex transformations practiced in their productions. If the results of this experiment do not show up significant differences in respect of the contents of the restitutions (with a slight advantage for the Control Classes), they highlighted original rewording abilities, demonstrating mastery of various constructions, in pupils’ Class Test oral utterances. These abilities were transferred into their writing, in which performance was generally improved. It also showed their facilities in manipulating language constructions. This particularity cannot be found in the Controls Classes written rewordings whose constructions are simpler and less original
Jucla, Mélanie. "Aspects phonologiques, orthographiques et lexico-sémantiques du traitement du langage : production orale versus écrite chez l’adulte et protocole d’intervention dans les dyslexies du développement - études comportementales et par la méthode des potentiels évoqués." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20032.
Full textLanguage processing implies three main components: phonology, orthography and semantics. But the weight of each of these components depends on the linguistic task at stake and language disorders impact differentially. In a first part, we studied the respective influences of these three components in written versus oral language production (using picture-word and color-word interference paradigms). Differences in the amplitude of the “Stroop” effect and its neurophysiological correlates were described. These results support the hypothesis of parallelism and interaction between peripheral (response encoding) and central (lexical) processes in written language. In a second part, we assessed the effects of two types of training: phonological one (PT) and visual orthographic (VT) in developmental dyslexia. We showed that each training specifically impacted cognitive skills and modulated cortical activity. Moreover, we put forward a long-term generalization of improvements to reading skills. Besides, for some tasks, beneficial effects of PT and VT were specific to dyslexia sub-type. In general, these results are in favor of multidimensional disorders causing developmental dyslexia; and therefore intervention should be multimodal and tailored to each child's needs