Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Optique non linéaire Laser visible'
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Cassouret, Florent. "Synthèse et étude de cristaux oxydes laser et optique non linéaire pour des sources cohérentes émettant dans l’ultraviolet." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPSLC016.
Full textUltraviolet emitting lasers have many applications in medical surgery, machining, or microelectronics. Currently, the ultraviolet domain is mainly covered by bulky gas lasers, called excimer lasers. However, solid-state UV lasers based on frequency converter crystals give an alternative path to those systems.This PhD thesis focused on two main topics: the growth of new praseodymium oxide hosts such as ASL (Sr0.7La0.3Mg0.3Al11.7O19), LGAGO (LaGa0.6Al0.4Ge2O7) and CYAM (CaYAl3O7) for visible light emission. The second topic is about the growth of nonlinear crystals which can convert this visible light into UV light such as YAl3(BO3)4 (YAB) or Ca5(BO3)3F (CBF).Pr3+ doped crystals were obtained using Czochralski or floating zone method and their spectroscopic properties were investigated (absorption and emission cross sections, fluorescence lifetime, …). Laser emissions in the deep red (726 nm), red (640 nm) and orange (620 nm) domains were obtained using Pr:ASL crystals with good optical quality.The optimisation of the growth parameters of CBF with LiF flux allows to obtain transparent crystal with only few inclusions. New fluxes for CBF growth were also studied such as SrF2.Two systems were investigated for the YAB growth: one based on lanthanum borate LaB3O6 and another based on Li2WO4. Several good quality crystals were obtained with this flux using TSSG method
Lafond, Schultz Emmanuelle. "Etude d'une source laser multi-longueurs d'onde émettant dans le visible." Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOS047.
Full textMhibik, Oussama. "Développement des sources lasers solides continues, visibles et stabilisées en fréquence : une alternative aux lasers à colorants." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00656426.
Full textSattayaporn, Suchinda. "Etude d'oxydes monocristallins et de céramiques transparentes dopés Pr3+ ou Nd3+ pour la réalisation de lasers visibles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS257.
Full textThis thesis is aimed to find efficient oxide based solid-state materials for the development of lasers, particularly in visible spectral regions. We focused on Pr3+ and Nd3+ luminescent ions, doped in oxide-based hosts. Pr3+ ions are suitable for direct visible emissions in various regions, whereas the emission of Nd3+ ions in near infrared around 0.9 μm can be converted into blue laser by Second Harmonic Generation. A large-covered visible region could be expected in the range of 450 nm – 750 nm. First, we selected appropriate oxide hosts by using optical spectroscopy tools. All selected materials with congruent melting behavior were grown as single crystal. On the other hand, cubic materials with very high melting point, Nd:Y2O3 and Nd:Y3Al5O12, were prepared as standard and micro-core composite transparent ceramics, respectively. Next, all samples were thoroughly investigated in terms of physical, optical and spectroscopic properties. In the meantime, Judd-Ofelt analysis were computationally performed by using ground state absorption data to calculate radiative properties of studied solid-state materials, including radiative lifetime and branching ratio. Finally, laser operations were carried out within a plane-concave or V-type resonant cavity under blue and near infrared pumping for Pr3+ and Nd3+ solid-state materials, respectively. We achieved visible lasers in the relevant range with satisfying efficiencies with Pr:Sr1-xLaxAl12-xO19 single crystal and Nd:Y3Al5O12 micro-core transparent ceramic. Both present a real potential for the development of laser emissions in visible spectral regions
Malvache, Arnaud. "Optique non-linéaire à haute intensité : Compression d'impulsions laser Interaction laser-plasma." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00677295.
Full textMalvache, Arnaud. "Optique non-linéaire à haute intensité : Compression d'impulsions laser Interaction laser-plasma." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2011. https://theses.hal.science/index.php?halsid=uofsba7dj5fa0catc3i9mh00v0&view_this_doc=pastel-00677295&version=1.
Full textThis mainly theoretical PhD thesis has been done in the framework of high-order harmonics generation on solid targets using 1mJ ultrashort laser pulses (2 optical cycles) at high repetition rate (1kHz), CEP-stabilized. On the one hand, in order to fully use the laser source, I developed a simulation code of hollow-core fiber propagation. The results of this code, associated with an experimental study, allowed to push the energy limitation of this compression technique. On the other hand, I used PIC simulation and I developed a simulation model of CWE in order to quantify its dependence to the laser and plasma parameters. This work first helped to explain the CWE spectrum changes with pulse CEP. Second, by comparing theoretical results with an experimental parametric study, it provided information about the plasma conditions such as density gradient and electronic temperature
CAVALLARI, MARCO. "Interactions parametriques intracavite en regime femtoseconde. Optimisation d'un oscillateur parametrique optique dans le visible." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EPXX0014.
Full textSudrie, Lionel. "Propagation non-linéaire des impulsions laser femtosecondes dans la silice." Paris 11, 2002. https://hal-ensta.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01188199.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the study of the propagation of femtosecond laser pulses in transparent solids. The short duration of these pulses (a few 10^-15 to a few 10^-13 s) supplies high light intensities with modest energies. When they traverse a transparent medium, theses strong laser intensities induce important nonlinearities which affect the pulse propagation. These nonlinearities can lead to a self-guided propagation with high intensities on long distances. This propagation is called laser filamentation. By focusing pulse of 2 mJ, 160 fs and with 800 nm as central wavelength, I have induced a laser filamentation in a 2 cm thick fused silica sample. The experimental study of this nonlinear propagation is the first precise and complete characterization of a filament in a transparent solid medium. Comparison between experimental and numerical results given by numerical code permits to show that laser filamentation can take place in solid, media in the same way as in gases. Equilibrium between self-focusing due to Kerr effect and defocusing by the plasma is the origin of filamentation. Defocusing limits the laser intensity and avoids sample damaging. This close relation between propagation and damaging led me to consider more strongly focused pulses propagation inside fused silica. This type of propagation leads to high electronic densities that induce irreversible damages. Comparison between numerical and experimental results permits to precise the conditions for damages appearance while giving experimentally inaccessible physical quantities. I have also observed in fused silica a new type of modifications with a strong birefringence. As an application I have made optical elements like waveguides and diffraction gratings
Norcia-Molin, Stéphanie. "Augmentation de la profondeur de modulation de signaux hyperfréquence sur porteuse optique par effets non linéaires dans les fibres." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112118.
Full textOptical fibres tend to replace coaxial cables in many systems of transport and processing of microwave signals. In particular, future generations of radar systems will be equipped with opto-electronic links thus using with profit the advantages of optical fibres (weak weight, size, cost and large bandwidth). In these future radar systems, the linear transposition of microwave information on optical carrier with traditional integrated intensity modulators (such as mach-zehnder) is amplitude-limited. The resulting signal is thus composed of a weak modulated part containing the microwave information and of a strong continuous component which can saturate some of the opto-electronic link components. In this work we studied two non-linear processes in optical fibres allowing selective and dynamic attenuation of the optical carrier only, without any attenuation of the microwave signal. This means an increase of the signal contrast, that is to say an increase of its modulation depth. The first studied effect is stimulated brillouin scattering in optical fibres (including in photonic crystal fibres). The second studied effect is two wave mixing by gain saturation in an amplifying optical fibre. The feasibility of modulation depth increase of the microwave signal by these two techniques respectively has been proven. An increase of the modulation depth of the signal by a factor 10 000 has been demonstrated
giudici, massimo. "Dynamique non linéaire dans les lasers à semiconducteurs avec rétroaction optique." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005284.
Full textNous étudions la nature dynamique des fluctuations à basse fréquence au moyen de techniques des mesures particulières. Nous prouvons que les LFFs trouvent leur origine dans une bifurcation noeud - col d'Andronov anticipée par le bruit présent dans le système. Nous démontrons expérimentalement que, en accord avec ce type de bifurcation, le laser à semi-conducteur avec rétroaction optique répond aux perturbations comme un système excitable. Ceci constitue la première preuve d'excitabilité dans un système optique. Corollairement, le contrôle du niveau de bruit dans le système nous permet de réaliser la première observation du phénomène de Coherence Resonance.
Nous avons aussi obtenu de fortes indications sur le mécanisme physique à l'origine de l'instabilité des fluctuations à basse fréquence. L'analyse de l'évolution temporelle du spectre optique à des échelles inférieures à la nanoseconde nous permet de montrer que cette instabilité est générée par l'interaction entre différents modes du laser.
Enfin, nous nous sommes placés dans le cas expérimental où la rétroaction optique est sélective en fréquence, analysant ainsi les caractéristiques du système par la variation de cette fréquence.
L'influence de la rétroaction sur un laser a aussi été étudiée pour des lasers à cavité verticale (VCSELs) dont le fonctionnement monomode longitudinal est imposé par la séparation en fréquence entre les modes. Pourtant, nous observons une fluctuation à basse fréquence dans l'intensité émise par le système. Nous montrons que, dans ce cas, l'instabilité est liée à l'interaction entre les deux composants de polarisation du VCSEL.
Mitryukovskiy, Sergey. "Coherent Secondary Radiation from Femtosecond Laser Filaments." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01091553/document.
Full textLaser filamentation is a nonlinear optical phenomenon which appears spontaneously during the propagation of an intense ultrashort laser pulse in a transparent medium, when the pulse peak power exceeds a critical value (several Gigawatts in air). At such an intensity level the beam tends to collapse due to the optical Kerr self-focusing effect until the intensity is high enough to ionize the medium, giving rise to a defocusing plasma. Thereafter, a dynamic competition between these two effects takes place, leaving a thin and weakly ionized plasma channel in the wake of the pulse. Following its discovery in 1995, femtosecond laser filamentation in air has attracted considerable interest because of the rich physics involved in the process and the wide range of potential applications (remote sensing, light frequency conversion, laser-based weather control, Terahertz generation, etc. ). This thesis is devoted to the study of the coherent secondary emission from femtosecond laser filaments in gases. First, the ultraviolet luminescence of plasma filaments, corresponding to transitions of excited neutral and ionic molecular Nitrogen, is studied. I demonstrate that this luminescence depends strongly on the polarization state of the incident laser pulses. I further report and interpret for the first time a strong optical gain in the backward direction from plasma filaments created by circularly polarized 800 nm femtosecond laser pulses at normal pressure. This effect is a significant step towards the realization of a “laser in the sky”. In the last part of the thesis, I discuss the Terahertz generation from multiple femtosecond laser filaments in air. The coherent synthesis of the Terahertz radiation from an array of filaments is demonstrated, showing the capability for energy scaling up and directionality control of the Terahertz emission
Hanna, Marc. "Sources laser femtoseconde à fibre optique." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00806296.
Full textMartinelli, Gilbert. "Réponse spatio-temporelle d'un résonateur de Fabry-Perot en régime non linéaire sous excitation picoseconde." Limoges, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIMO0088.
Full textVideau, Laurent. "Le Lissage optique pour les chaînes laser de puissance." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EPXX0034.
Full textRivet, Sylvain. "Caractérisation complète d'un faisceau laser impulsionnel femtoseconde : mise en évidence et analyse du couplage spatio-temporel dans la propagation linéaire et non linéaire." Bordeaux 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR12448.
Full textCarlotti, Xavier. "Étude mathématique et numérique de modèles de propagation en optique non linéaire." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066294.
Full textGrapinet, Mélanie. "Dynamiques non linéaires en cavités optiques : oscillateur photoréfractif et laser à fibre optique." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOS046.
Full textThis thesis concerns the non linearities in a photorefractive cavity and in a fiber laser doped erbium with a cavity at ring unidirectional. The photorefractive cavity is a system with the geometry of a optical oscillator semi linear. An oscillation, in this cavity, will be studied analytically and numerically. Different states from the oscillation can present itself : no degenerate state and degenerate state. The operation of the laser to modes blocked rests on the strongly non-linear dynamics. In strongly dissipative state, the stability of the ultrashort pulses is apprehended through the concepts and properties of dissipative solitons. These discoveries were observed experimentally and were validated by numerical simulations founded on the use of a model of complex Ginzburg-Landau cubic-quintique with management of parameters. A numerical analysis with a vectorial profile of the fields was carried out
Odier, Alice. "Combinaison cohérente de convertisseurs de fréquences optiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX003/document.
Full textLaser emission wavelength is limited by the gain bandwidth of available laser media. Optical frequency converters rely on second order nonlinear processes to overcome this limitation, and give access to new wavelengths outside of the emission range of lasers.Besides, coherent beam combining with active phase control is an efficient technique to power scale laser sources. However, it requires fast phase modulators, some commercially available devices, but only at standard laser wavelengths.The objective of this thesis is to perform coherent combining of frequency converters, thanks to the phase-matching condition required for efficient nonlinear processes to take place.This relation allows for indirect phase control, where the converted-wave phase is tuned through direct phase control of the pump wave.A theoretical study has been carried out to confirm that indirect phase control was compatible with frequency-tagging coherent combining.Then, coherent combining through indirect phase control has been demonstrated experimentally in the simplest case of the second harmonic generators, where two of the three waves involved are degenerate.Finally, coherent combining has been experimentally performed in the non-degenerate case of mid-infrared difference frequency generators.In both experimental demonstrations, an excellent beam combination efficiency has been achieved
Raineri, Fabrice. "Optique non linéaire dans les cristaux photoniques en semiconducteurs III-V." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009192.
Full textSzwaj, Christophe. "Propagation d'ondes dans le spectre d'un laser multimode." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10136.
Full textSylla, Mamadou. "Interactions non linéaires dans les cristaux B. S. O. Et B. G. O. Excités par des impulsions laser picosecondes : absorption non linéaire et conjugaison de phase." Angers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ANGE0006.
Full textPapon, Gautier. "Nanostructuration des propriétés optiques linéaires et non-linéaires d’un verre photosensible par laser femtoseconde." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14686/document.
Full textIn this work, a phosphate-zinc glass doped with silver ions was irradiated with a femtosecond laser. This irradiation causes the appearance of sub-micron features in the glass. Those features exhibit fluorescence and second harmonic generation. Fluorescence is linked to the aggregations of silver clusters in the glass. Second Harmonic Generation is linked to the creation of a buried electric field inducing an EFISHG effect.Polarization and spectroscopic studies were performed on these features. Those studies allowed us to produce a three-dimensional representation of the features. A phenomenological model, from the interaction of the laser pulses with the glass, to the movement of charges enabling the buried field, is developed to explain the overall process, therefore linking the migration of the electrons to the reduction of silver ion and the cluster growth
Andral, Ugo. "Algorithme d'évolution pour laser à fibre optique en régime d'impulsions courtes." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOS050/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the generation of ultrashort pulses within a fiber laser cavity through the automatic optimization of its parameters by an evolutionary algorithm. The interest of this subject comes from the difficulty to systematically explore dynamics in a large domain of experimental parameters. We have shown that it is possible to implement an evolutionary algorithm on fiber laser cavity with appropriate precautions. We have experimentally demonstrated for the first time the mode locking of a laser cavity only using the optimization of polarization controllers through an automatic and self-learning procedure. We also have demonstrated that selecting the mode locking from it radio-frequency spectrum allow to select the pulses repetition rate within the cavity. These preliminary results show the promising aspect of our method used in situations of non linear ultrafast dynamics with high complexity which are particularly sensitive to parameters
Boursier, Elodie. "Génération paramétrique infrarouge dans les cristaux de La3Ga5,5Ta0,5O14 et BaGa4Se7." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT070/document.
Full textNowadays, solid state laser is one way to access the infrared and terahertz light with a good coherence and a high brightness, for broad application prospects like spectroscopy and atmospheric molecules detection. The best way to generate this light is use second order parametric nonlinear optics which allows the frequency conversion of a monochromatic laser through a crystal with appropriate properties. However, the goal is find new materials since a lot of crystals already identified present a too low optical damage threshold for high energy applications. By combining two completely independent tunable and polarized beams in a sample cut as a sphere or a cylinder, we are able to take up the challenge. In this way, we could directly study the difference frequency generation in the whole transparency range by scanning one plane. The principle is to identify not only directions, called phase-matching, where the birefringence compensates the refractive index dispersion but also associated conversion efficiencies and spectral and angular acceptances. When the photons from the two incoming beams get through a crystal in these particular directions, other photons could be generated with higher wavelength and the higher amplitude of the nonlinear coefficient, the stronger the interaction. The PhD is devoted to the study of potential nonlinear crystals acquired thanks to international collaboration with leader group in the material elaboration. The results will enable to perform new parametric light sources like Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) or Optical Parametric Generator (OPG) tunable from infrared up to terahertz as the goal is to enhance the generated energy with respect to actual sources
Lotti, Antonio. "Modulations d'impulsions et filamentation d'impulsions laser ultra-courtes pour les applications en optique non-linéaire extrême." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00665670.
Full textIlas, Simon. "Elaboration et caractérisation de matériaux non linéaires pour la conception de dispositifs laser émettant dans l'ultraviolet." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066068/document.
Full textThis PhD study is devoted to the growth and characterization of two promising NLO crystals for UV laser light generation : Ca5(BO3)3F (CBF) and YAl3(BO3)4 (YAB). Concerning CBF, the influence of thermal gradients and new fluxes have been studied in order to improve the crystal quality. The third harmonic generation at 343 nm in CBF is demonstrated for the first time. 300 mW of average power and 1,5 % conversion efficiency from 1030 to 343 nm have been obtained. The use of the flux LaB3O6 allows the growth YAB crystals by TSSG method. Structural and physical properties as well as extended defects and impurities of these crystals have been characterized. Fourth harmonic generation at 266 nm was performed in YAB and 12,2 % conversion efficiency from 532 to 266 nm has been obtained
Brocas, Arnaud. "Microscopies non linéaires : analyses et instrumentations." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13031.
Full textHAROUTUNIAN, ROMAIN. "Sources xuv coherentes creees par laser femtoseconde : laser x et optimisation de la generation d'harmoniques d'ordre eleve." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPXX0024.
Full textRoyon, Arnaud. "Structuration non-linéaire de verres oxydes par laser femtoseconde dans le proche infrarouge." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13800/document.
Full textThree-dimensional femtosecond laser structuring has a growing interest because of its ease of implementation and the numerous possible applications in the domain of photonic components. Structures such as waveguides, diffraction gratings, optical memories or photonic crystals can be fabricated thanks to this technique. Its use with oxide glasses is promising because of several advantages; they are resistant to flux and ageing, their chemical composition can easily be changed to fit the well-defined requirements of an application. They can already be found in Raman amplifiers, optical fibers, fiber lasers, and other devices. This thesis is based on two axes. The first axis consists in characterizing the linear and nonlinear optical properties of bulk vitreous materials in order to optimize their composition with a particular application in view. Within this context, the nonlinear optical properties, their physical origins (electronic and nuclear) as well as their characteristic response times (from a few femtoseconds to a few hundreds of picoseconds) are described within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Fused silica and several sodium-borophosphate glasses containing different concentrations in niobium oxide have been studied. Results show that the nonlinear optical properties of fused silica are mainly from electronic origin, whereas in the sodium-borophosphate glasses, the contribution from nuclear origin becomes predominant when the concentration of niobium oxide exceeds 30%. The second axis is based on the structuring of materials. Three commercially available fused silica samples presenting different fabrication conditions (therefore distinct impurity levels) and irradiated with a near infrared femtosecond laser have been studied. The laser induced defects have been identified by means of several spectroscopic techniques. They show the formation of color centers as well as a densification inside the irradiated area. Their linear refractive index and nonlinear third-order susceptibility properties have been measured. Moreover, the structuring of fused silica at the subwavelength scale into “nanogratings” is observed and the form of birefringence induced by these structures is discussed. In addition to the fused silica samples, several oxide glasses presenting very distinct chemical compositions have been studied. A sodium-borophosphate glass containing niobium oxide exhibits micro-cracks and nano-crystallites following irradiation. A silicate glass with or without a silver component reveals fluorescent rings or “nanograting” structures. A zinc phosphate glass containing silver also presents fluorescent ring structures, with a size of the order of 80 nm, well below the diffraction limit. Pump-probe microscope techniques have been performed on this glass to investigate the laser-glass interaction. The absorption mechanism is determined to be four-photon absorption. The generated free electron density is ~ 1017 cm-3, which suggests the conclusion that an electron gas rather than a plasma is formed during the laser irradiation
Jumpertz, Louise. "Photonique non-linéaire dans les lasers à cascade quantique moyen infrarouges." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2016. https://pastel.hal.science/tel-03689516.
Full textMid-infrared quantum cascade lasers are unipolar semiconductor lasers, which have become widely used sources for applications such as gas spectroscopy, free-space communications or optical countermeasures. Applying external per-turbations such as optical feedback or optical injection leads to a strong modification of the quantum cascade laser prop-erties. Optical feedback impacts the static properties of mid-infrared Fabry-Perot and distributed feedback quantum cas-cade lasers, inducing power increase, threshold reduction, modification of the optical spectrum, which can become either single- or multimode, and enhanced beam quality of broad-area transverse multimode lasers. It also leads to a different dynamical behavior, and a quantum cascade laser subject to optical feedback can oscillate periodically or even become chaotic: this work provides the very first analysis of optical instabilities in the mid-infrared range. A numerical study of optical injection furthermore proves that quantum cascade lasers can injection-lock over a few gigahertz, where they should experience enhanced stability and especially improved modulation bandwidth. Furthermore, some promising dynamics appear outside the locking range with periodic oscillations at a tunable frequency or high-intensity events. A quantum cascade laser under external control could therefore be a source with enhanced properties for the usual mid-infrared applications, but could also address new applications such as tunable photonic oscillators, extreme events gen-erators, chaotic LIDAR, chaos-based secured communications or unpredictable countermeasures
Michel, Pierre A. "Perte de la cohérence d'un faisceau laser intense lors de sa propagation dans un plasma." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPXX0031.
Full textSraïki, Guillaume. "Développement par voie Sol-Gel de méthodes d'assemblage de cristaux à optique non linéaire pour applications laser." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066001/document.
Full textIn this CIFRE thesis we elaborate a bonding solution, with Cristal Laser and Oxxius companies, for non-linear optical crystals for laser applications. We had to optimize solution’s composition and the bonding process, this resulted in the creation of a bonding robot by our industrial partners. Numerous homo-assemblies bonding tests has been realized with the following crystal pairs of SiO2, Quartz, YAG, KTP, LBO, BBO and RTP. Those homo-assemblies have been thermally treated to stabilize our bonding solution interface and we obtained relatively good results. We also bonded hetero-assemblies with different crystal pairs like YAG/Quartz or SiO2/KTP. The results we get with these hetero-composites suggest that the difference in CTE between the assembled parts greatly limits the smooth heat treatments. We therefore investigated the CTE and the behavior of our adhesive interface depending on the temperature to provide adapted composition and treatment to the realization of these hetero-composites
Sraïki, Guillaume. "Développement par voie Sol-Gel de méthodes d'assemblage de cristaux à optique non linéaire pour applications laser." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066001.
Full textIn this CIFRE thesis we elaborate a bonding solution, with Cristal Laser and Oxxius companies, for non-linear optical crystals for laser applications. We had to optimize solution’s composition and the bonding process, this resulted in the creation of a bonding robot by our industrial partners. Numerous homo-assemblies bonding tests has been realized with the following crystal pairs of SiO2, Quartz, YAG, KTP, LBO, BBO and RTP. Those homo-assemblies have been thermally treated to stabilize our bonding solution interface and we obtained relatively good results. We also bonded hetero-assemblies with different crystal pairs like YAG/Quartz or SiO2/KTP. The results we get with these hetero-composites suggest that the difference in CTE between the assembled parts greatly limits the smooth heat treatments. We therefore investigated the CTE and the behavior of our adhesive interface depending on the temperature to provide adapted composition and treatment to the realization of these hetero-composites
Meisterhans, Maïwen. "Développement de composés nano-structurés non-linéaires pour la génération de dynamiques impulsionnelles ultrarapides en cavité LASER fibrée." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCK034/document.
Full textMy thesis work presented in this doctoral dissertation has started a new research axis within the Carnot Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Burgundy, and is part of the "Information processing devices" program of the Labex ACTION. This research consortium aims to optimize all the steps of an information processing system, using nano-structured materials and non-linear functionalities. In this context, this thesis focuses on the generation of optical signals in the near infrared, with the main objective of hybridizing integrated photonics with fiber laser cavities. These innovative hybrid LASERs offer, by design, many advantages that are particularly sought-after in the field of telecommunications, such as a high repetition rate, greater than 100 GHz, and ultra-short pulses, of the order of 100 fs.The fundamental element of the approach developed during my thesis is the use of on-chip fabricated micro-resonators. The material constituting these structures is the site of non-linear phenomena that can be exalted to generate new frequencies. In addition, by inserting the microstructure into a fiber LASER cavity, it can ensure mode locking and thus pulse generation. Filter driven-four wave mixing is then the mechanism involved.In order to successfully carry out this new project, a full characterization bench was designed. The latter includes a near-field microscope to analyze the electromagnetic field propagating in the on-chip fabricated structure, and more particularly the non-linear propagation of guided modes. In addition, the development and analysis of microstructures were carried out in order to optimize the desired linear and non-linear properties. To do this, several materials such as silicon-on-insulator, chalcogenide glasses and silicon nitrides were tested on about thirty samples.In addition, intra- and inter-laboratory collaborations give this multidisciplinary study subject a great richness. They allowed the demonstration of hybrid LASERs generating pulses with a repetition rate of 250 GHz, as well as the imaging by near-field microscopy of an octave spectral widening in a spiral-folded silicon nitride guide
Tropheme, Benoit. "Combinaison de faisceaux mutuellement incohérents par amplification paramétrique optique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00864029.
Full textVinçotte, Antoine. "Propagation non-linéaire d'impulsions laser ultra-courtes dans les milieux transparents." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00134895.
Full textdans les milieux transparents. Tout d'abord, après avoir établi les équations de propagation
à partir des équations de Maxwell, nous rappelons les principaux phénomènes physiques auxquels
sont soumises les impulsions ultra-courtes et de forte puissance se propageant dans un milieu transparent.
Celles-ci subissent de l'auto-focalisation causée par la réponse Kerr du milieu. Cette auto-focalisation
est stoppée par la création d'un plasma produit par l'ionisation photonique des molécules du milieu.
La propagation de l'onde laser génère aussi un supercontinuum par auto-modulation de phase. Enfin,
on rappelle les principaux résultats concernant la filamentation simple ou multiple de l'onde provenant
des inhomogénéités du faisceau et qui a lieu lorsque la puissance initiale du laser est supérieure
au seuil d'auto-focalisation. Dans une deuxième partie, nous nous intéressons à l'influence de
non-linéarités optiques d'ordre élevé sur la propagation de l'onde et sur la figure de
filamentation créée. Dans une troisième partie, afin de contrôler la filamentation multiple,
nous analysons la propagation de faisceaux particuliers: les impulsions optiques femtosecondes avec gradient
fort et les vortex. Nous justifions les propriétés de robustesse de ces derniers type d'objets
optiques. Enfin, nous examinons la filamentation multiple d'impulsions ultra-courtes à travers une
chambre à brouillard, et dans les cellules d'éthanol dopées à la coumarine, pour différentes
configurations du faisceau.
Barrailh, Laurioux Karen. "Étude mathématique et numérique de modèles de propagation issus de l'optique non linéaire." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12544.
Full textLANGE, HANS RUDIGER. "Autoguidage dans l'air d'impulsions ultracourtes." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EPXX0038.
Full textPoint, Guillaume. "Energy deposition in air from femtosecond laser filamentation for the control of high voltage spark discharges." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2015. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01202982/document.
Full textLaser filamentation is a spectacular optical propagation regime appearing for pulses of which peak power exceeds a few GW in air. Filament forms due to the optical Kerr effect, which tends to self-focus the beam until intensity reaches the medium ionization threshold by multiphoton absorption. A complex dynamic competition is then established between the Kerr effect on the one hand, and diffraction, nonlinear absorption and plasma defocusing effect on the other hand. This results in a reorganization of the beam profile, characterized by a thin (100 µm) and intense (10^18 W/m²) core able to propagate over a distance much longer than the Rayleigh length. When the initial pulse peak power largely exceeds filamentation threshold, several co-propagating filaments are formed in the same beam, with each of these multifilaments sharing physical properties of isolated single filaments. While propagating in air, filaments transfer a portion of the laser energy to the medium, mainly through Raman rotational excitation of air molecules, ionization and inverse Bremsstrahlung in the plasma. This energy is redistributed in one nanosecond and almost entirely converted into air molecule translational energy, that is heat. The medium reacts to this rapid heating by launching a cylindrical pressure wave that brings the system back to pressure equilibrium by ejecting matter from the center. This results in the formation of a hot underdense air channel, which slowly resorbs by diffusion at timescales > 1 ms. My work as a Ph. D. Student first focused on the study and the optimization of laser energy deposition in air by filamentation. Thus, I investigated the influence of laser parameters such as pulse energy, focusing strength or pulse duration on deposited energy. To this purpose, I used several complementary diagnostics: study of pressure waves using microphones, characterization of the filamentation plasma by means of spectroscopy and time resolved study of underdense air channels using interferometry. I demonstrated in the single filamentation regime that above a given pulse energy, energy deposition becomes so important that the medium generates a shock wave instead of a sound wave, and that underdense channels can last for more than 100 ms. I also studied and characterized the high energy multifilamentation regime, showing that moderately focusing the pulse leads to a reorganization of filaments in the focal zone, generating large structures with a resulting plasma ten times denser than filaments. Filamentation-induced hydrodynamic effects lead to a transient reduction of the air breakdown voltage along the path of the laser pulse, enabling one to trigger and guide electric discharges. The second part of my thesis focused on the study and the optimization of such guided discharges for the design of a radio-frequency plasma antenna, contactless high-voltage switches or a laser lightning rod. To this purpose I developed and built an interferometric plasma diagnostic, allowing to measure the lifetime of generated plasmas. I also contributed to the proof of principle for a filament induced plasma antenna emitting RF signal. Finally, I took part to prospective experimental studies for the development of a laser lightning rod
Ermeneux, Frank-Sébastien. "Cristallogénèse, spectroscopie optique (linéaire et non-linéaire) et propriétés laser des composés Y2O3 et YVO4 dopés par les ions Nd3+, Er3+ ou Tm3+." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10226.
Full textMallek-Bouras, Djouher. "Etude de l'effet Brillouin en cavité laser." Angers, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ANGE0008.
Full textThis study serves to understand the origin of the instabilities observed experimentally in the high power double cladding fiber lasers. The irnplementation of a kinetic model which describes the spatiotemporal evolution of the intensity of a high power fiber laser in the presence of the scattering Brillouin was studied in the first part. The Fabry-Perot laser cavity was considered. It is established by two rnirrors what drives to the existence of two laser waves which propagate in opposite sense, as well as of two Stokes waves associated with the waves lasers. The presence of al1 these waves under the curve of gain requires the consideration of the saturation crossed between the waves laser and the waves Stokes. The most important original result of this study is that in the presence of the stimulated scattering Brillouin, the ytterbium doped fiber laser presents an auto-impulsive functioning in the case of a cavity to strong losses without any absorbent saturable. For the case of cavity with low losses the dynamics presents a continuous functioning whatever the rate of pumping. The f i e n c e of the stimulated scattering Brillouin in a laser cavity with low losses was studied numerically in the second part, by using the model of the coupled amplitudes and by taking into account the dynamics of the acoustic wave. Rich and complex dynamic are observed
Evain, Clément. "Dynamique de sources sur accélérateur : contrôle de «structures turbulentes» dans les lasers à électrons libres et étude du rayonnement synchrotron cohérent induit par laser." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10171/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we present two studies on the dynamics of accelerator-based sources.The first study concerns the control of ``turbulent patterns'' which appear in some free electron lasers (FEL), and more generally in spatio-temporal systems submitted to a permanent drift. Large drift velocities typically lead to a particular type of instability, characterized by the appearance of noise sustained structures. We show that this type of turbulent behavior can be suppressed by adding a non-local additive feedback. As a remarkable fact, the gain needed for the ``stabilization'' can be extremely small, 10 power -8 for the experiments performed on the UVSOR-II FEL in Japan.The second study is devoted to laser-induced coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) in a storage ring. In a first step, we show that it is possible to imprint a periodic pattern in the electron bunch phase-space using an external laser. This allow to obtain a tunable coherent emission (CSR) in the terahertz range. Terahertz pulse energy larger by a factor 1000-10 000 with respect to normal (incoherent) synchrotron radiation were thus measured at UVSOR-II. In a second step, we show that this laser-electron beam interaction allows to obtain new information on the CSR instability, which appears when the electron bunch density exceeds a threshold value. In particular, we show experimentally, with the observation of instability precursors, that the instability arises from the amplification of some characteristic wavenumbers
Rigneault, Hervé. "Perturbations photo-induites dans les couches minces diélectriques soumises à un flux laser de puissance." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30074.
Full textBöhle, Frederik. "Near-single-cycle laser for driving relativistic plasma mirrors at kHz repetition rate - development and application." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX116/document.
Full textVery short light pulses allow us to resolve ultrafast processes in molecules, atoms and condensed matter. This started with the advent of Femtochemistry, for which Ahmed Zewail received the Novel Prize in Chemistry in 1999. Ever since, researcher have been trying to push the temporal resolution further and we have now reached attosecond pulse durations. Their generation, however, remains very challenging and various different generation mechanisms are the topic of heated research around the world.Our group focuses on attosecond pulse generation and ultrashort electron bunch acceleration on solid targets. In particular, this thesis deals with the upgrade of a high intensity, high contrast, kHz, femtosecond laser chain to reach the relativistic interaction regime on solid targets. Few cycle driving laser pulses should allow the generation of intense isolated attosecond pulses. A requirement to perform true attosecond pump-probe exeriments.To achive this, a HCF postcompression scheme has been conceived and implemented to shorten the duration of a traditional laser amplifier. With this a peak intensity of 1TW was achieved with near-single-cycle pulse duration. For controlled experiments, a vacuum beamline was developed and implemented to accurately control the laser and plasma conditions on target.During the second part of this thesis, this laser chain was put in action to drive relativistic harmonic generation on solid targets. It was the first time ever that this has been achieved at 1 kHz. By CEP gating the few-cycle-pulses, single attosecond pulses were generated. This conclusion has been supported by numerical simulations. Additionally a new regime to accelerate electron bunches on soft gradients has been detected
Diblanc, Frédérique. "Conversion de fréquences optiques appliquée au blocage de modes d'un laser Nd/YAG impulsionnel et à l'analyse spectrale large bande." Limoges, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIMO0012.
Full textLépine, Thierry. "Différentes contributions aux lasers, à l'optique non linéaire, et à l'optique instrumentale." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00353847.
Full textEn 1991 et 1992, j'ai travaillé (en CDI) à Thales Optronics (Guyancourt), au sein de la direction scientifique. Je me suis intéressé aux développements des radars laser, ainsi qu'aux nouvelles sources " laser " basées sur les effets paramétriques.
En octobre 1992, j'ai été recruté comme maître de conférences au sein de l' École Supérieure d'Optique. J'ai tout naturellement poursuivi le développement de nos sources laser et leurs adaptations aux besoins de nos recherches menées dans le cadre de l'étude des propriétés optiques non linéaires de différentes classes de matériaux. Avec l'équipe, nous nous sommes donc attachés à améliorer leurs performances, notamment en leur apportant une plus grande fiabilité pour qu'elles deviennent réellement des outils pour nos expériences.
Les nouveaux besoins en longueurs d'onde qui ne pouvaient pas être issues directement d'un laser m'ont conduit à m'intéresser aux effets non linéaires, et plus particulièrement au mélange à trois ondes (amplification et oscillation paramétrique), en régime femtoseconde puis nanoseconde.
Ces nouvelles sources ont conduit à des applications originales. En particulier, l'étude de l'amplification paramétrique en régime femtoseconde a débouché sur la possibilité de voir à travers les milieux diffusants. Nous avons aussi utilisé ces sources pour étudier la dynamique femtoseconde de films minces de VO2.
En 1999-2000, j'ai eu l'opportunité de rejoindre en tant " qu'opticien expert " un groupe de travail consacré à la mission spatiale Darwin (coronographie interférentielle). Ce groupe ne comprenait pas d'opticien instrumentiste, et les compétences que j'avais acquises à travers mes enseignements se sont révélées de plus en plus utiles. J'ai donc progressivement abandonné ma première activité " lasers, optique non linéaire et applications ", pour m'investir de plus en plus dans l'équipe " exoplanètes " dirigée par Alain Léger, à l'Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (IAS) d'Orsay.
En septembre 2003, j'ai quitté Orsay, pour venir travailler à plein temps au sein de la nouvelle antenne de l'Institut d'Optique, à Saint Étienne. J'ai néanmoins poursuivi ma collaboration avec IAS, et commencé mon intégration au sein du laboratoire TSI (Traitement du signal et Instrumentation, UMR 5516).
Cette synthèse des travaux auxquels j'ai participé comprend trois parties : une première sur les sources laser et l'optique non linéaire, une deuxième sur les applications des sources développées au laboratoire et enfin la dernière sur l'imagerie haute résolution et haute dynamique.
Santran, Stéphane. "Caractérisation non linéaire de composants optiques d'une chaîne laser de forte puissance." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009578.
Full textBerberian, Delsalle Tiphaine. "Nouvelle source laser pour des applications en neuroscience." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASP011.
Full textNeurosciences, whose ultimate goal is to cure neurodegenerative diseases, are undergoing major transformational advances. Among these is the development of efficient neural sensors allowing the detection of individual action potentials as well as the emergence of new optogenetic actuators. The existence of femtosecond laser sources, more or less energetic, in the 2-photon absorption spectral range of these molecules allows an all-optical investigation of neural networks in vivo and in 3D.The manuscript is part of a project involving different actors in the field of Research: the Laboratoire Charles Fabry for the laser aspect and the Institut de la Vision for the production of previously unseen biological images on subjects in vivo, as well as in the industrial field: Amplitude Systèmes, world leader in femtosecond fiber lasers, and ALPhANOV, a non-profit association which develops and integrates optical systems. The goal is to produce a tool allowing multicellular activation in 3D followed by a diagnostic allowing the analysis of the neuronal response at the millisecond scale. For this, I present the development of a specific laser (with pulses of sufficiently short and intense duration) allowing parallelized 2-photon excitation. In addition, this laser emits in the spectral range of the bio-activators and biosensors used, which makes it a completely original source.The development of this femtosecond laser based on thulium fiber is detailed. This laser has two outputs: a high speed output for imaging and a high energy output for photo-activation. This thesis includes an important experimental and technological part related to the design and analysis of pulsed laser sources. The performance demonstrated here for the high repetition rate channel is the emission of a power of 10 W around 1950 nm at a rate of 40 MHz. The high-energy channel developed, for its part, made it possible to demonstrate the generation of pulses of 10 µJ around 1950 nm. Once the frequency conversion has been carried out, the performance obtained is sufficiently promising to trigger initial tests on biological samples
Lapre, Coraline. "Caractérisation des régimes de stabilité et instabilité des lasers à soliton dissipatif avec dynamiques soliton-similariton et régénération Mamyshev." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCD053.
Full textModelocked ultrafast lasers producing picosecond and sub-picosecond pulses are well known to exhibit a very rich landscape of nonlinear dynamics that are of tremendous interest from both fundamental and applied perspectives. Although such instabilities from ultrafast laser have been studied for many decades, the recent development of advanced photonic measurement techniques has opened up new perspectives into their analysis. In this thesis, we report a detailed experimental study of the complex dynamical regimes of two different optical fibre laser systems operating around 1550 nm: a soliton-similariton laser, and a Mamyshev oscillator. In both cases, we use the time-frequency technique of frequency resolved optical gating for complete intensity and chirp characterisation in stable regimes of operation, and the real-time dispersive Fourier transform method to characterize shot-to-shot spectral fluctuations. For the particular case of the soliton-similariton laser, stable operation yields from 7 to 10 ps pulses of 30~nm spectral width and 0,32 mW average output power at 9,5 MHz. Instabilities seen in the soliton-similariton laser include novel startup, the generation of coupled soliton molecules, the emergence of complex intermittence and chaos, and the appearance of multipulse states. For the case of the Mamyshev oscillator, stable operation yields from 3 to 5 ps pulses of 90 à 100 nm spectral width and ~4 mW average output power at 6,37 MHz. We also present results on the characterization of the Noise-Like Pulse regime of the soliton-similariton laser with the addition of highly nonlinear fiber in the cavity, which generates broadband output spanning 1000 nm. As well as presenting a range of experimental results, numerical simulations are used to gain insight into the operation of the laser systems studied
Galtier, Sandrine. "Spectroscopie haute précision de la transition 1S-3S de l'atome d'hydrogène en vue d'une détermination du rayon du proton." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066554/document.
Full textThe uncertainty of the Quantum Electrodynamics calculations for hydrogen atom is currently limited by the knowledge of the Rydberg constant and the proton charge radius. Those two quantities can be extracted from the comparison between the theoretical predictions and two different frequency measurements on hydrogen.The 1S-2S transition frequency is one measured with the highest resolution with a relative uncertainty of 10-15. The aim of this thesis is to improve the determination of the 1S-3S transition, which can be used as the second precise measurement. The 1S-3S two-photon transition is excited at 205 nm. This UV light beam is generated by frequency mixing in a non-linear crystal. An 894 nm light delivered by a Ti:Sa laser is mixed with a 266 nm light beam generated by a quadrupled Nd:YVO4 laser. A reliable 15 mW continuous radiation at 205 nm is then produced. The frequencies of both lasers are measured simultaneously using an optical frequency comb referenced to a cesium clock. To evaluate the second-order Doppler effect, the velocity distribution of the atomic beam is determined thanks to a motional Stark effect. This effect is realized with a static magnetic field which induces a velocity-dependent quadratic frequency shift. Finally, the frequency of the 1S-3S transition is determined with a relative uncertainty of 10-12 which is accurate enough to contribute to the “proton size puzzle”. However, depending on the velocity distribution used in the analysis, the obtained value agrees or not with the present recommended CODATA value