Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Optique hybride'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Optique hybride.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Gatti, Sylvain. "Inscription laser UV pulsé sur nouveau matériau hybride pour codeurs optiques intégrés." Phd thesis, Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20238.
Full textLa technologie sol-gel a déjà démontré son potentiel. Un nouveau matériau sol-gel hybride à polymérisation cationique de type Epoxy a été développé dans le but de la simplification de la synthèse et de l'amélioration des performances en particulier l'adhérence.
Ce travail a pour objectif le développement d'un banc d'écriture laser UV dans une couche Epoxy et l'établissement du protocole de fabrication associé. Ce procédé de polymérisation locale est une alternative prometteuse aux techniques lithographiques par masque.
Ce nouveau banc utilise un laser pulsé travaillant à faible longueur d'onde pour une meilleure résolution et une meilleure polymérisation.
Ce travail a montré la faisabilité de circuits complexes de type multiplexeurs WDM avec un procédé d'inscription à faible coût. Nous avons réalisé les premiers prototypes de circuits dédiés à la sélection multiple de longueurs d'onde pour le (dé)codage du CDMA optique spectral.
Gatti, Sylvain. "Inscription laser UV pulsé sur nouveau matériau hybride pour codeurs optiques intégrés." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00258256.
Full textLa technologie sol-gel a déjà démontré son potentiel. Un nouveau matériau sol-gel hybride à polymérisation cationique de type Epoxy a été développé dans le but de la simplification de la synthèse et de l'amélioration des performances en particulier l'adhérence.
Ce travail a pour objectif le développement d'un banc d'écriture laser UV dans une couche Epoxy et l'établissement du protocole de fabrication associé. Ce procédé de polymérisation locale est une alternative prometteuse aux techniques lithographiques par masque.
Ce nouveau banc utilise un laser pulsé travaillant à faible longueur d'onde pour une meilleure résolution et une meilleure polymérisation.
Ce travail a montré la faisabilité de circuits complexes de type multiplexeurs WDM avec un procédé d'inscription à faible coût. Nous avons réalisé les premiers prototypes de circuits dédiés à la sélection multiple de longueurs d'onde pour le (dé)codage du CDMA optique spectral.
Noury, Adrien. "Photonique hybride des nanotubes de carbone." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112199/document.
Full textOn-chip optical communication may increase drastically performances and consumption of communication systems. Indeed, optical channels do not face limitations that metallics interconnects do. Even better would be the achievable data rate due to the multiplexing possibility in optics. In order to keep compatibility with electronic devices, optical components and interconnects should be built in silicon. However, this material is not suitable for some optical function, such as laser sources. Thus, there is a need to integrate alternative materials to compensate for silicon weaknesses. My PhD work focuses on integration of carbon nanotube on silicon for photonics applications. In this work, potential use of carbon nanotube for light emission function is investigated. First, I will propose clue to understand the appearance of optical gain in semiconducting carbon nanotube. Such investigation is done by mean of pump-probe experiments, where the excitons lifetimes are measured. Those lifetimes slightly increase while centrifugation time and speed is increased, during the extraction process. A possible explanation is that defect-free carbon nanotubes are selected by the centrifugation process. In parallel, I worked on designing an efficient method to couple nanotubes photoluminescence with silicon waveguides. This method appears to be quite robust, and allows to observe coupling between the nanotube photoluminescence and the optical mode of the waveguide. In order to obtain a more intense interaction between the optical mode and carbon nanotubes, I investigated the coupling between carbon nanotubes and several photonic cavities, including microdisks, Fabry-Pérot cavities and ring resonators. Specifically, ring resonators allow to measure the photoluminescence of carbon nanotube structured by the resonant modes. Several configurations are studied to understand more in-depth the coupling mechanisms: micro-photoluminescence, guided photoluminescence and integrated photoluminescence
Bouillard, Martin. "Développement de cavités synchrones et d'une mémoire quantique : des outils pour l'ingénierie quantique hybride." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLO012/document.
Full textThis work is focused on the development of tools for quantum state engineering of non-classical state of light. Three different directions are studied, which when combined, lead to efficient and versatile protocols towards the generation of quantum states. Those states are produced by taking advantage of both descriptions of the light: the discrete and continuous variables of the light.The first direction consists in the réalisation of arbitrary superpositions of zero and two-photon Fock states with two indistinguishable single-photon states. This protocol permits, among others, to create superpositions of coherent states called Schrödinger cat states. An iteration of the protocol could allow the growth of the amplitude of the state.To realize such iteration, we increase the production rate of our basic resource, namely, the single photon.To do so, we implement two synchronous cavities allowing the increase of the peak power of the laser pulses, which ultimately enhanced the non-linear effect at the origin of the photon creation.The last direction aims to solve the problems related to the probabilistic nature of the photon creation. In order to store and extract the single photons on demand, a quantum memory is implemented. The storage of single and two-photon states has been experimentally realized. This setup could allow in the near future, by synchronizing the state stored in the cavity with the income of another photon, to create a cat state inside the cavity itself
Sanchez, Perez Célia. "Dispositifs optiques intègrés hybrides, verre / polymère électro-optique : applicationà un polariseur et à un modulateur de phase." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0159.
Full textOnestas, Lydie. "Intégration verticale d'une fonction dichroïque en optique intégrée sur verre : application à un duplexeur pompe/signal pour amplificateur optique hybride." Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0055.
Full textThe development of optical telecommunication networks entailed a huge effort on research for optical integrated circuits (IOC). Among all the technologies that have been studied to realize IOCs~ ion exchange has been one of the major technologies for realizing IOCs. Nowadays researches aim at integrating several functions on one single wafer as well as hybridizing different technologies. This work deals with the study of a vertically integrated pump-signal duplexer for hybrid optical ampli fiers made by ion-exchange on glass. First, sorne theoritical models have been derived, then the realization process flow has entirely been numerically simulated. The realised duplexer showed an isolation between its two outputs of 21. DB :!:: 0. 4 dB at À,= 980 nm and of 44. DB :!:: 0. 4 dB at À,= 1. 55 /lm. The bandwidth around these nominal wavelengths is larger than 200 nm. The obtained results prove the interest of the proposed design for the realization of integrated amplifying modules on glass
Cavaillès, Adrien. "Tests de non-localité et protocoles de communication quantique utilisant l'intrication hybride optique." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS055.
Full textThere are two traditionally-separated approaches to optical quantum information: the continuous- and discrete-variable strategies respectively linked to the wave-like and particle-like nature of light. This thesis work is focused on the novel hybrid approach aiming to join the capabilities of both strategies into single systems. Using hybrid methods, we report on the use of optical parametric oscillators and superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors to generate highly non-classical non-Gaussian states such as high-purity single-photons, Schr\"odinger cat states and finally hybrid entanglement of light between continuous- and discrete-variable encoding. The potential of this resource is studied in a number of protocols. We first consider non-locality tests with hybrid entanglement such as Bell inequality violation and experimentally demonstrate the violation of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering inequalities. We finally report on the progress made towards the implementation of a new setup for the demonstration of hybrid quantum teleportation between continuous and discrete-variable encodings. Our demonstrations prove the versatility of this hybrid resource and open the possibility of implementing scalable quantum networks linking systems of dissimilar nature
Goutin, Philippe. "Etude et réalisation d'un processeur acousto-optique hybride pour le traitement numérique du signal." Valenciennes, 1990. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/e86735cf-4be2-48ae-b8c1-840647668a91.
Full textMichard, Audrey. "Conception et caractérisation d’un transmetteur électro-optique dans une plateforme photonique sur silicium visant des communications très haut débit." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC087/document.
Full textStimulated by a series of important breakthrough, silicon photonics has been experiencing a significant development for several years. Indeed, due to exponential growth of data traffic inside datacenters, an alternative solution to metallic interconnects has been proposed to address very high transmission rates while ensuring a low energy consumption and a reasonable cost. Promising applications are in the field of both long- and short-distance optical communications. Long-range interconnects between datacenter equipment currently target an aggregate throughput of 400 Gb/s while short-reach interconnects are involved in high performance computers between a processor and a memory bank.STMicroelectronics has been developing a silicon photonic platform on 300 mm wafers since 2012. The main objectives are: the design of passive and active optical components to achieve an elementary 20 Gb/s transceiver, the increased integration of electro-optic devices to form a photonic interposer, the ability to manage several wavelengths.In this context, this PhD report deals with a testchip development at wafer level, proposing the integration of anelectro-optic transmitter. This solution benefits from the three dimensions assembly architecture of the dies within the photonic interposer and can handle the heterogeneity of electrical and optical components.This work first proposes to study the optical modulator which is based on a ring resonator. The ring bandwidth is optimized to operate up to 50 Gb/s. Secondly, the 55nm CMOS electrical driver design is described and the trade-off between transmitter speed and power consumption is highlighted. Both devices are fabricated on distinct technological platforms, then characterized and analyzed with respect to their respective models. A first integration of the complete transmitter is assembled through wire-bonding method, which enables to validate the transmitter operation. Finally, the last part of the report is devoted to the preparation of a 3D demonstrator based on micro-copper pillars assembly. The demonstrator integrates a wavelength division multiplexed link with 16 channels, which is expected to achieve a total throughput of 320 Gb/s. In addition, the system study enables to ensure that the final interconnect will respect power consumption constraints
Salas-Montiel, Rafael. "Sources lasers pulsées en optique intégrée sur verre." Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0024.
Full textThe development of integrated pulsed laser sources showing similar performances to those of bulk lasers represents a solution for applications in medicine, metrology and research where small size and robustness are required. Furthermore, the possibility to integrate both passive and active functions on the sa me substrate together with a high coupling efficiency with optical fibres makes these kinds of sources an attractive solution. This manuscript reports the study, realisation and characterisation of glass integrated optics hybrid passively Q-switched waveguide lasers. We have demonstrated the successful operation of a hybrid passively Q-switched waveguide laser. This laser is composed of a waveguide amplifier made of a Nd-doped phosphate glass combined with a saturable absorber cladding. The laser cavity was provided by two dielectric mirrors attached to the facets of the waveguides. An optical pulse width of 2. 0 :t 0. 1 ns was obtained for 180 :t 5 mW of launched pump power. The repetition rate ranges from 5 to 50 kHz for 110 to 260 :t 5 mW of launched pump power. The perspectives of this work could be the realisation of hybrid passively DFB Q-switched waveguide lasers and hybrid passively mode-Iocked waveguide lasers
Lafuente-Sampietro, Alban. "Contrôle optique du spin d'un atome magnétique dans un semiconducteur : spin hybride trou-Manganèse et Chrome." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY003/document.
Full textTwo different single spin systems are studied in this thesis: single Mn spin in positively charged quantum dots, and single Cr atom in a neutral quantum dots. Both are probed optically, using the photoluminescence of a single dot. Both systems are strongly coupled to phonons and strains. This coupling opens new ways to probe and control the spins of the magnetic atoms, not only optically, but also by modulating the strain state at their position.Using resonant photoluminescence, we demonstrate the existence of optical Λ-level systems in Mn-doped positively charged quantum dots, and use them to study the dynamics of the hole-Mn hybrid spin. It reveals hole-Mn spin flip-flops in the nanosecond range due to the interplay of the interaction with acoustic phonons and the hole-Mn exchange interaction. We also show that degenerated electron-Mn states separated by spin flips of two units are coupled through the in-plane strain anisotropy, and study this strain induced coherent dynamics.Using magneto-optic experiments, we are able to probe the spin of a single Cr atom and extract a magnetic anisotropy D0 in the meV range. Several parameters of the QD are extracted from these experiments, and, especially, we show that the h-Cr coupling is anti-ferromagnetic. We demonstrate that the Cr spin can be prepared using resonant optical pumping. These experiments evidence a Cr relaxation time under excitation in the 10 nanoseconds range. This relaxation is driven by hole-Cr spin flip-flops caused by the interplay of the interaction with acoustic phonons and the hole-Cr exchange interaction. A relaxation in the dark in the microseconds range was also measured. Possibility of control of the Cr spin was also demonstrated using the optical Stark effect
Casale, Marco. "Réalisation d'un laser DFB hybride sur substrat de verre." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT011/document.
Full textThe current needs of optical telecommunications and sensors require developing integrated optical circuits providing different and heterogeneous functions on the same substrate. The main issue is the incompatibility between the manufacturing processes of these optical functions. This work deals with the integration of active (emission, amplification) and passive (multiplexing, filtering, etc.) functions on a passive glass substrate. Its aim is to develop a DFB three-dimensional hybrid laser by ion-exchange in passive glass. This laser is made of a Bragg channel waveguide, selectively buried in the passive glass substrate, loaded by a plane waveguide, defined at the surface of an Er3+:Yb3+ codoped active glass wafer. It emits a (420±15) µW laser signal at 1534 nm for (390±20) mW injected pump power. Hence this device opens the way towards the integration of active functions, located at the surface of the passive glass substrate, with passive ones, spreading at its surface and in its volume
Boussen, Michel Salah. "Etude d'un piège hybride magnétique et optique pour la condensation de Bose-Einstein de l'atome de césium." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112139.
Full textAtomic caesium remains the only stable alkaline which has yet to be Bose-Einstein condensed. All attempts to date to reach Bose-Einstein condensation in atomic caesium by classical ways have been thwarted by a high inelastic spin-flip cross section. One way to avoid those relaxations is to trap the atoms in the hyperfine ground state which can not undergo any elastic collision at usual working temperatures. Unfortunately, this state is an high field seeking state, and therefore can not be trapped by magnetic fields. Our solution is to combine two sorts of strengths: one is magnetic and the other is optical (dipolar). The first compensates gravity, and the latest confines the atoms in the two other directions. The first part of this thesis is the practical realization of this hybrid trap for the hyperfine ground state. A complete experimental set-up has been designed and implemented. It includes a high vacuum double cell and all the necessary laser sources for detection and for the building of two magneto-optical traps for pre cooling the atomic sample. The experimental sequences and the data acquisitions are computer controlled. We obtained a 2s lifetime hybrid trap. This short duration is due to a bad vacuum. The second part of this thesis work studies the future of the hybrid trap. Indeed, the second step is to implement an evaporative process in order to reach the BEC transition. In our trap, the evaporative cooling is different from usual experiments : the microwave knife is one dimensional, and there is the possibility to use the natural truncation of the optical potential. In order to study the evaporative cooling efficiency, I used a statistical calculation and a Monte-Carlo like numerical simulation. The results show that there are paths to reach BEC in this kind of trap
Milord, Laurent. "Dispositifs photoniques innovants pour le piégeage optique : Cavité étendue à double période et structure hybride cristal photonique-nano antenne." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI026/document.
Full textSince the first work on optical tweezers by Ashkin, a lot of efforts have been made to trap nanoparticles. However, optical tweezers are diffraction limited and can hardly trap particles below 200 nm. This limit can be overstepped using the optical gradient forces of an evanescent field generated and amplified by a photonic nano cavity. Nonetheless, this approach faces two major issues for applications: the trapping section is very small, making the capture of a Brownian motion animated particle very unlikely, and for the “ultimate” nano antennas with nanometric optical modes, their excitation from free space is not effective. The goal of this work is to overcome these two difficulties. To increase the trapping surface, we will first present a device using slow Bloch modes within a double period extended cavity designed in a photonic crystal made out of SOI. We will show that this approach allow for the trapping of 200, 100 and 75 nm particles on an extended surface of 5x5 µm² using a free space laser beam excitation. Secondly, we will investigate the free space excitation of nanometric structures. A photonic crystal – nano antenna mixed structure will be presented, where the photonic crystal is used as a photon pool for the nano antenna. This lead to a funnel effect where the light coming from a large free space laser beam (5µm wide) is focused into the nano antenna. The trapping of 100 nm particles will demonstrate the relevance of this approach
Caër, Charles. "Cristaux photoniques à fente : vers une photonique silicium hybride à exaltation localisée du champ électromagnétique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00954411.
Full textBaida, Fadi Issam. "Microscopie hybride : association d'un microscope optique en champ proche et d'un microscope à forces atomiques : principe et réalisation." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA2017.
Full textThis work deals with near field or local probe microscopes. The resolution of such microscopes depends on the physical effects connected to the geometry of the probe and onthe type of the interaction between the probe with the sample under test. In. This framework, we have developed and realized an instrument combining both an optical detection and an atomic force detection. The first one allows us to determine the mapping of the light intensity on the object surface, whereas the force detection provides the topography on the same site of the object. The double detection has been realized ansd demonstrated. The acquisition of these complemental data allows us to understand the interaction between light and matter at nanometer scale and to point out the optical effects -connected either to the topography or to the physical - chemical properties of the object. Two attempts of optical image optimization have been carried out either by metallization of the tip or by using optical resonance in a Fabry-Pérot cavity. The last chapter deals with a modeling based on a first order perturbative computation ( coupled method)
Jabbour, Jihane. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'un matériau hybride organique-inorganique à base d'un époxysilane : application à la réalisation de circuits photoniques." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20057.
Full textPoisson, Émilie. "Architecture et apprentissage d'un système hybride neuro-markovien pour la reconnaissance de l'écriture manuscrite en-ligne." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2082.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study, the conception, the development and the test of an online unconstrained handwriting word recognition system for an omni-writer application. The proposed system is based on a hybrid architecture including on the one hand, a neural convolutional network (TDNN and/or SDNN), and on the other hand Hidden Markov Models (HMM). The neural network has a global vision and works at the character level, while the HMM works on a more local description and allows the extension from the character level to the word level. The system was first dedicated for processing isolated characters (digits, lowercase letters, uppercase letters). This architecture has been optimized in terms of performances and size. The second part of this work concerns the extension to the word level. In this case, we have defined a global training scheme directly at the word level. It allows to insure the global convergence of the system. It relies on an objective function that combines two main criteria: one based on generative models (typically by maximum likelihood estimation) and the second one based on discriminant criteria (maximum mutual information). Several results are presented on MNIST, IRONOFF and UNIPEN databases. They show the influence of the main parameters of the system, either in terms of topologies, information sources, and training models (number of states, criteria weighting, duration)
Morlaas, Christophe. "Étude et réalisation d'un oscillateur hybride microonde et optique fibrée monomode pour application à la détection hétérodyne à 1,5 µm." Toulouse, ENSAE, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ESAE0010.
Full textSerna, Otálvaro Samuel Felipe. "Design and characterization of Silicon Photonic structures for third order nonlinear effects." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS409/document.
Full textAll-optical signal processing implemented in silicon photonics is considered as a promising route to solve several bottlenecks for the realization of future dense and mixed integrated electronic and photonic chips including ultrahigh data bit rate issues and power consumption constraints. In the context of the planar silicon photonics technology, a dramatic reduction of the needed power to reach optical nonlinear effects is obtained due to the sub-micrometer size of silicon wires (~450nmX260nm) in the telecommunication wavelength window, although silicon does not exhibit second-order response (χ^((2))) due to the centrosymmetry of its lattice. Moreover, third-order effects (χ^((3))) are partially spoiled in this material due to the strength of the two-photon-absorption (TPA) effect, which in turn generates free-carriers inducing additional absorption and refractive index changes. One way to overcome this limitation is the hybrid integration on silicon of low index soft materials with luminescence or nonlinear optical properties lacking to silicon. In this context, the present work is devoted to the study of third order nonlinearities in silicon-based integrated structures exploiting enhanced electromagnetic field effects (e.g. in Si resonators and slow light waveguides). First, we have developed a dedicated single beam non-destructive method to characterize the instantaneous third order effects though the quantification of complex effective waveguide susceptibility. The method is named “Bi-directional top-hat D-Scan” and consists on a temporal analogous of the top-hat Z-Scan. We have established an analytical and numerical model and we report the first measurement of a silicon waveguide by using a pulse shaping set-up and a bi-directional procedure. The originality of our methods stands in the capability to measure in two steps : the 3rd order nonlinear Figure-Of-Merit (FOM) independently of the injection losses, and the effective nonlinear waveguide parameters (Kerr and TPA) taking into account measured coupling losses at each facet. Furthermore, we apply the method to other integrated novel materials including Ge-rich GeSi alloys, carbon nanotube doped thin films, and chalcogenide waveguides. Additionally, two further enhancements of light-matter nonlinear interactions have been explored within this work: optical microcavities and slow light waveguides. In the first picture, index variations caused by non-linearities shift the resonance frequencies precluding the coincidence with the excitation signal frequency, thereby decreasing the injection efficiency. In order to maintain the benefit of light localization throughout the pulsed excitation, we have experimentally and numerically studied the behavior of a designed and fabricated silicon nanobeam cavity excited by a high power tailored chirped pulse whose spectral phase relation compensates for the nonlinear frequency drift of the cavity resonance. We report a numerical study of this first experimental demonstration of the coherent excitation of a nonlinear micro-cavity, leading to an enhanced intra-cavity nonlinear interaction. Finally, we have dedicated efforts to engineer, fabricate and characterize silicon slot photonic crystal waveguides (SPhCW) in order to compensate their strong dispersion present in the slow light regime while taking benefit from large group index light propagation. We showed that their frequency dispersion properties can be engineered from anomalous to normal dispersion, along with zero group velocity dispersion (ZGVD) crossing points exhibiting a Normalized Delay Bandwidth Product (NDBP) as high as 0.156. The reported results provide the first experimental evidence for an accurate control of the dispersion properties of fillable periodical slotted structures in silicon photonics, which is of direct interest for on-chip all-optical data treatment using nonlinear optical effects in hybrid-on-silicon technologies
Samoud, Wiem. "Analyse de performance d'un commutateur de paquets hybride opto-électronique." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0058/document.
Full textMost transmission systems are based on optical fibers, carrying the traffic at a relatively low energy per bit. However, due to the lack of mature optical buffers, packet switching is still performed electrically. The required Optical-Electrical-Optical (O-E-O) conversions make the switching one of the areas with the fastest-growing energy consumption. A major challenge that must be met in designing future optical networks is curbing their energy consumption. Therefore, within this thesis, we investigate a hybrid optoelectronic switch which consists of an optical switching matrix supplemented with a shared electronic buffer. Performance analysis taking into account different classes of service, packet classifications and switch connectivity methods (WDM and/or SDM channels), shows that, thanks to the established switching strategies, the hybrid switch satisfies the requirements of all the different classes of service in terms of Packet Loss Rate, sustainable system load and latency. Moreover, it significantly reduces the O-E-O conversions compared to commercial off-the-shelf electrical switches, since they occur only for buffered packets. We defend that the hybrid opto-electronic packet switch meets the requirements on quality of service and could be a promising solution to reduce the energy consumption of optical networks
Vu, Thi Nhung. "Composants optoélectroniques à faible consommation en III-V sur silicium." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS172/document.
Full textSilicon photonics is considered as a promising solution to replace electrical interconnections in the next years. Among the remaining challenges, the driving power of the active devices has to be minimized. Furthermore the use of a common technological platform for the realization of Silicon (Si) photonics passive and active devices would present a great interest in term of fabrication complexity and cost. III-V on Si is a good candidate for such a common technological platform as the physical properties of III-V semiconductors allow for active functionalities such as III-V on Si laser which have already been successfully demonstrated. In this perspective, 2D photonic crystals (PhCs) and slow light structures, which are known to intrinsically reinforce light/matter interactioncan alsobring interesting opportunities.In this context, the work is focused on the design, fabrication and characterization of slow-light III-V- on-silicon electroabsorption modulators. In a first part, the photonic crystal structure and light coupling from silicon waveguide to slowlight III-V waveguide are designed and modeled. The performance of the optimized structure is analyzed, showing a modulator operating at 15 GHz and exhibiting an extinction ratio of more than 5 dB over a spectral range of more than 10 nm, using a 18.75 µ;m-long modulator. Subsequently, the masks and fabrication steps for a hybrid III-V photonic crystalon Si modulators are presented. Finally, the experimental results obtained during this thesis are presented, showing Quantum Confined Stark Effect and photodetection in the waveguide integrated structures.The reported works open perspective towards the integrating of optical modulators with III-V on silicon nanolasers and photodetectors using a single technology
Vourc'H, Eric. "Filtre optique à bande latérale unique auto-accordable pour les systèmes hybrides fibre-radio." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00817878.
Full textSamoud, Wiem. "Analyse de performance d'un commutateur de paquets hybride opto-électronique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0058.
Full textMost transmission systems are based on optical fibers, carrying the traffic at a relatively low energy per bit. However, due to the lack of mature optical buffers, packet switching is still performed electrically. The required Optical-Electrical-Optical (O-E-O) conversions make the switching one of the areas with the fastest-growing energy consumption. A major challenge that must be met in designing future optical networks is curbing their energy consumption. Therefore, within this thesis, we investigate a hybrid optoelectronic switch which consists of an optical switching matrix supplemented with a shared electronic buffer. Performance analysis taking into account different classes of service, packet classifications and switch connectivity methods (WDM and/or SDM channels), shows that, thanks to the established switching strategies, the hybrid switch satisfies the requirements of all the different classes of service in terms of Packet Loss Rate, sustainable system load and latency. Moreover, it significantly reduces the O-E-O conversions compared to commercial off-the-shelf electrical switches, since they occur only for buffered packets. We defend that the hybrid opto-electronic packet switch meets the requirements on quality of service and could be a promising solution to reduce the energy consumption of optical networks
Le, Jeannic Hanna. "Optical Hybrid Quantum Information processing." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066596/document.
Full textIn quantum information science and technology, two traditionally-separated ways of encoding information coexist -the continuous and the discrete approaches, resulting from the wave-particle duality of light. The first one is based on quadrature components, while the second one involves single photons. The recent optical hybrid approach aims at using both discrete and continuous concepts and toolboxes to overcome the intrinsic limitations of each field. In this PhD work, first, we use hybrid protocols in order to realize the quantum state engineering of various non-Gaussian states of light. Based on optical parametric oscillators and highly-efficient superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors, we demonstrate the realization of a high-brightness single-photon source and the quantum state engineering of large optical Schrödinger cat states, which can be used as a continuous-variable qubit. We show how continuous-variable operations such as squeezing can help in this generation. This method based on so-called core states also enables to generate cat states that are more robust to decoherence. Second, in the context of heterogeneous networks based on both encodings, bridging the two worlds by a quantum link requires hybrid entanglement of light. We introduce optical hybrid entanglement between qubits and qutrits of continuous and discrete types, and demonstrate as a first application the remote state preparation of continuous-variable qubits. Our experiment is also a versatile platform to study squeezing-induced micro-macro entanglement
Ben, Saad Seifallah. "Conception d'un algorithme de coordination hybride de groupes de robots sous-marins communicants. Application : acquisition optique systématique et détaillée des fonds marins." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0052/document.
Full textIn the underwater environment, the needs of data acquisition have significantly increased over the last decades. As electromagnetic waves show poor propagation in sea water, acoustical sensing is generally preferred. However, the emergence of small and low cost autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) allow for rethinking the underwater use of optical sensors as their small coverage can be significantly improved by using a fleet of coordinated underwater robots.This paper presents a strategy to coordinate the group of robots in order to systematically survey the seabed to detect small objects or singularities. The proposed hybrid coordination strategy is defined by two main modes. The first mode relies on a swarm algorithm to organize the team in geometrical formation. In the second mode, the robot formation is maintained using a hierarchical coordination. A finite state machine controls the high level hybrid strategy by defining the appropriate coordination mode according to the evolution of the mission. Before sea validation, the behavior and the performance of the hybrid coordination strategy are first assessed in simulation. The control of individual robots relies on visual servoing, implemented with the OpenCV library, and the simulation tool is based on Blender software.The dynamics of the robots has been implemented in a realistic way in Blender by using the Bullet solver and the hydrodynamic coeficcients estimated on the actual robot. First results of the hybrid coordination strategy applied on a fleet of 3 AUV’s, show execution of a video acquisition task by a group of autonomous robots controlled by vision and coordinated by a hybrid strategy
Gouzien, Élie. "Optique quantique multimode pour le traitement de l'information quantique." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4110.
Full textThis thesis studies multimode quantum optics, from generation to detection of light. It focuses on three main parts. Multimode squeezed states generation within cavity is studied. More specifically, we take into account general quadratic Hamiltonian, which allows describing experiments involving arbitrary number of modes and pumps within a medium performing four-wave mixing. We describe a generic approach combining Green functions and symplectic matrix decomposition. This general theory is illustrated on specific cases. First, low-dimensional examples are given. Then, a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator (SPOPO) is described and studied; it shows a very distinct behavior from that of the SPOPO using second order non-linearity. This work opens way to the realization of quantum frequency combs with ring micro-resonators engraved on silicon. Single-photon detectors are described taking into account temporal degrees of freedom. We give positive-valued measurement operators describing such detectors including realistic imperfections such as timing-jitter, finite efficiency and dark counts. Use of those operators is illustrated on common quantum optics experiments. Finally, we show how time-resolved measurement allows improving the quality of state generated by single-photon heralded source. In the third part we propose a protocol for generating a hybrid state entangling continuous and discrete variables parts, for which the discrete part is time-bin encoded. This scheme is aanalysed in detail with respect to its resilience to experimental imperfections
Ayi-Yovo, Folly Eli. "Évaluation d’un module électro-optique hybride combinant la photonique sur silicium et sur verre pour des applications de multiplexage en longueur d’onde (WDM)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT046/document.
Full textThe ever-increasing demand for telecommunications needs has highlighted the intrinsic limitations of electronics. Photonics has proven to be a suitable solution to its limitations. STMicroelectronics has developed a silicon photonic platform called PIC25G that allows single-channel transmission at 25 Gb/s. The data rate increase with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) encounter some constraints. The proposed solution is based on a hybrid approach integrating silicon photonics and glass ions exchanged photonics developed at the IMEP-LaHC laboratory. The solution consists of a glass interposer on which a silicon photonics chip is assembled. First, the studies focused on the components of the silicon chip especially on the optimization of grating couplers and (de)-multiplexers based on cascaded Mach Zehnder interferometers. Then, the optical and electrical passive components of the glass interposer were studied and realized. The feasibility of an optical coupling between the silicon chip and the glass interposer has been demonstrated. Finally, the test structures needed to validate the proposed solution were studied. These test structures allowed to transmit radiofrequency signals up to 40 GHz between the silicon chip and the glass interposer. A new approach to realize the optical waveguides of the interposer has been suggested and carried out in order to address the fabrication issues. Ultimately, this approach will provide an electro-optical module for high-speed applications
Bidaud, Clémentine. "Photostructuration de matériaux nanocomposites à propriétés magnéto-optiques : vers la réalisation de composants pour l'optique intégrée." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MULH2061/document.
Full textThe main objective of this PhD work is to formulate a nanocomposite material with magneto-optical (MO) properties which is also photostructurable, in order to ultimately create non-reciprocal optical devices that can be integrated into optical chips. The nanocomposite MO material is obtained by homogenously dispersing magnetic nanoparticles (NP) of cobalt ferrite in a sol-gel matrix based on silicon and titanium alkoxides. NP confer the material its MO properties. The material is photostructurable with deep UV wavelengths (193, 266 nm) without any addition of photoinitiator and behaves like a negative photoresist. The formulation is versatile in terms of Si/Ti molar ratio and NP doping, up to 20 %vol. The photochemistry of this material as thin films has been studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry, FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy. UV photolithography techniques using interferometry setups and binary masks have achieved well-defined periodic lines patterns over a wide range of periods, from 500 nm to 100 microns. The optical and MO (Faraday rotation) properties of the material were studied. In thin layers, the refractive index can be modulated between 1.4 and 1.7 depending on the Si/Ti material stoichiometry and its NP doping. It has been established that all the NP introduced in the material contribute to the Faraday rotation. Micro-structured devices in free space and in guided configuration have been realized using the opto-geometrical features determined using optical and MO simulations. Their characterizations demonstrate the high interest of this material and clearly show its promising character to realize integrated devices
Asenbeck, Beate Elisabeth. "Advancing Non-Gaussian states and measurements - an experimental test bed for heterogeneous quantum networks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUS167.pdf.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the creation and manipulation of Non-Gaussian states with the goal of testing emerging heterogeneous quantum networks. These networks are envisioned to host multiple physical platforms, that are connected by optical communication lines. The optical states used for this communication will have to be adapted to the encoding of the physical platform they connect to, leading to a variety of possible encoding strategies. In this work, we develop criteria to test the quality of different encodings and benchmark tools that ensure faithful information transfer. Moreover, we show that multiple encodings can simultaneously be used in the same quantum network without losing their quantum properties through conversion. We use high-quality optical parametric oscillators, producing single- or two-mode squeezed states. Together with heralding via superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, we create two different optical encodings representing a two-level system and a harmonic oscillator. The two-level system corresponds to superpositions of photon-number excitations, while the harmonic oscillator state translates to optical Schrödinger cats. By creating entanglement between those two different encodings, its use in network protocols is possible. Network protocols are intrinsically limited by the success rate and fidelity of Bell-state measurements. We present an improvement in output state fidelity and projectivity of an all-optical linear Bell-state measurement by combining single photon detection with field quadrature selection. Employing hybrid entanglement together with this hybrid Bell-state measurement enables a two-level input qubit to be converted into its harmonic oscillator counterpart in a teleportation-based setup. After thorough analysis of the results of the converter experiment, we develop a criterion to judge the Non-Gaussianity of quantum coherences. This criterion is applied to two different experimental two-level systems. Finally, a stimulative study of the possible generation of error-correctable Non-Gaussian states points the way towards the future of this experiment. This work promotes the use of multiple encodings in quantum networks and advances measurements and state creation methods that expand the capability of optical systems for quantum communication
Muller, Muriel. "Le phototransistor bipolaire InP/InGaAs comme mélangeur optique/électrique pour conversion vers la bande millimétrique dans le réseau d'accès radio sur fibre." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066445.
Full textHamwi, Khawla. "Low Power Design Methodology and Photonics Networks on Chip for Multiprocessor System on Chip." Thesis, Brest, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BRES0029.
Full textMultiprocessor systems on chip (MPSoC)s are strongly emerging as main components in high performance embedded systems. Several challenges can be determined in MPSoC design like the challenge which comes from interconnect infrastructure. Network-on-Chip (NOC) with multiple constraints to be satisfied is a promising solution for these challenges. ITRS predicts that hundreds of cores will be used in future generation system on chip (SoC) and thus raises the issue of scalability, bandwidth and implementation costs for NoCs. These issues are raised within the various technological trends in semiconductors and photonics. This PhD thesis advocates the use of NoC synthesis as the most appropriate approach to exploit these technological trends catch up with the applications requirements. Starting with several design methodologies based on FPGA technology and low power estimation techniques (HLS) for several IPs, we propose an ASIC implementation based on 3D Tezzaron technology. Multi-FPGA technology is used to validate MPSoC design with up to 64 processors with Butterfly NoC. NoC synthesis is based on a clustering of masters and slaves generating asymmetric architectures with appropriate support for very high bandwidth requests through Optical NoC (ONoC) while lower bandwidth requests are processed by electronic NoC. A linear programming is proposed as a solution to the NoC synthesis
Jabbour, J. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'un matériau hybride organique inorganique à base d'un époxysilane : Application à la réalisation de circuits photoniques." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00329455.
Full textPosada, Parra Jorge Ivan. "Optimisation d'un procédé hybride de co-pulvérisation/évaporation pour l'obtention de cellules solaires à base de Cu(In,Ga)Se2." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066057/document.
Full textCu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells are a very promising technology for high efficiency energy conversion. Several techniques are used to synthesize CIGS absorbers. Magnetron reactive sputtering is an attractive deposition technique for depositing CIGS absorbers because of its potential for providing uniform coatings over large areas, thus offering the possibility for more competitive industrial scale-up. The objective of this work is to develop and optimize a hybrid alternative co-sputtering/evaporation CIGS deposition process. To meet this goal, various studies have been conducted to ensure control of the various deposition parameters. Initially, plasma was studied with Optical Emission Spectroscopy in order to establish correlations between plasma species and thin film composition, structure and morphology. This has allowed to establish in-situ calibration curves for monitoring the deposited layers composition and their homogeneity, and to determine the existence of different sputtering modes, linked to the selenium evaporation temperature. Then, different CIGS absorbers were synthesized with the stabilized hybrid process. These absorbers were deposited in one and three stages to analyze the influence of composition gradients on their morphological, structural and optoelectronic properties. A CIGS absorber giving a maximum conversion efficiency of 10.4 % was fabricated with a one step process. A 9.3 % efficiency solar cell was obtained with a three-stage deposition process
Bouchonville, Nicolas. "Nouveau nano-matériau hybride – nanocristaux de CdSe/ZnS couplés à la bactériorhodopsine – pour des applications en optoélectronique et en biologie : élaboration et caractérisations structurale et optique." Thesis, Reims, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REIMS017/document.
Full textIn this work, we built and characterized a new hybrid material with energy transfer properties made from photochromic protein Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) which is the energy acceptor and CdSe/ZnS fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) which are the energy donor. Our aim was to improve the photochromic and photo-physical bR properties by using a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) which should exist in presence of semiconductor QDs. This new hybrid material should have applications in many fields such as optical switching or photovoltaics.Since optical properties and efficiency of such a material are highly dependent of its structure, our work was to develop and characterize bR/QD complex by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical spectrometries (fluorescence, absorption) in order to demonstrate FRET between bR and QDs. By tuning QDs surface charges, we proved that we were able to optimize FRET, by optimization of the electrostatic interactions between bR and QDs. This effect was due to a better organization of QDs on the membrane surface when interactions were optimized. We also showed that when QD and bR are linked by biotin streptavidin link they revealed the maximum FRET efficiency of 80 %.During all these experiments, we showed that QDs could induce a quicker detergent monomerization of bR. This is supported by AFM images and circular dichroïsm measurements. This effect should find applications in biology
Soua, Mahmoud. "Extraction hybride et description structurelle de caractères pour une reconnaissance efficace de texte dans les documents hétérogènes scannés : Méthodes et Algorithmes parallèles." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1069/document.
Full textThe Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is a process that converts text images into editable text documents. Today, these systems are widely used in the dematerialization applications such as mail sorting, bill management, etc. In this context, the aim of this thesis is to propose an OCR system that provides a better compromise between recognition rate and processing speed which allows to give a reliable and a real time documents dematerialization. To ensure its recognition, the text is firstly extracted from the background. Then, it is segmented into disjoint characters that are described based on their structural characteristics. Finally, the characters are recognized when comparing their descriptors with a predefined ones.The text extraction, based on binarization methods remains difficult in heterogeneous and scanned documents with a complex and noisy background where the text may be confused with a textured background or because of the noise. On the other hand, the description of characters, and the extraction of segments, are often complex using calculation of geometricaltransformations, polygon, including a large number of characteristics or gives low discrimination if the characteristics of the selected type are sensitive to variation of scale, style, etc. For this, we adapt our algorithms to the type of heterogeneous and scanned documents. We also provide a high discriminatiobn between characters that descriptionis based on the study of the structure of the characters according to their horizontal and vertical projections. To ensure real-time processing, we parallelise algorithms developed on the graphics processor (GPU). Our main contributions in our proposed OCR system are as follows:A new binarisation method for heterogeneous and scanned documents including text regions with complex or homogeneous background. In this method, an image analysis process is used followed by a classification of the document areas into images (text with a complex background) and text (text with a homogeneous background). For text regions is performed text extraction using a hybrid method based on classification algorithm Kmeans (CHK) that we have developed for this aim. This method combines local and global approaches. It improves the quality of separation text/background, while minimizing the amount of distortion for text extraction from the scanned document and noisy because of the process of digitization. The image areas are improved with Gamma Correction (CG) before applying HBK. According to our experiment, our text extraction method gives 98% of character recognition rate on heterogeneous scanned documents.A Unified Character Descriptor based on the study of the character structure. It employs a sufficient number of characteristics resulting from the unification of the descriptors of the horizontal and vertical projection of the characters for efficient discrimination. The advantage of this descriptor is both on its high performance and its simple computation. It supports the recognition of alphanumeric and multiscale characters. The proposed descriptor provides a character recognition 100% for a given Face-type and Font-size.Parallelization of the proposed character recognition system. The GPU graphics processor has been used as a platform of parallelization. Flexible and powerful, this architecture provides an effective solution for accelerating intensive image processing algorithms. Our implementation, combines coarse/fine-grained parallelization strategies to speed up the steps of the OCR chain. In addition, the CPU-GPU communication overheads are avoided and a good memory management is assured. The effectiveness of our implementation is validated through extensive experiments
Beaudin, Guillaume. "Nouvelles technologies de fabrication associées aux composants photoniques hybrides." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1480.
Full textNafa, Malik. "Spectroscopie DRASC en régime hybride fs/ps à haute cadence (kHz) appliquée à la thermométrie des gaz." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCD001/document.
Full textCoherent spectroscopy such as Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) is commonly used for the study of reactive media.Following the recent progress encountered in laser sources and detectors, this thesis work proposes an adaptation of the technique for temperature measurements that exploits the ultra-short pulse regime (femtosecond, picosecond) to operate at high repetition-rate.The developed hybrid fs/ps-CARS setup delivers a 30-ps probe pulse using a femtosecond laser source and a Volume Bragg Grating. The obtained spectral resolution is 0,7 cm-1, which represents, within this pulse generation framework, the state of the art. This setup is applied to ro-vibrational spectroscopy of several molecular species.The interaction in the hybrid regime is described through a CARS simulation model that has been implemented. The modelling takes into account both the amplitude and the phase profiles of the probe pulse, and its delay to the femtosecond excitation. Influence of molecular collisions in the hybrid regime is also discussed.This modelling has been validated by fitting calculated spectra on experimental spectra recorded in ambient air, and in a premixed CH4/air flame. Temperature has been then measured at atmospheric pressure in these media. The precision is similar to the hybrid fs/ps-CARS thermometry state of the art.This work validates our N2 thermometry approach based on both the developed CARS setup and simulation model. Short term perspectives of this work are measurements on real combustion chambers at ONERA, by extrapolating our simulation model at high pressure
Posada, Parra Jorge Ivan. "Optimisation d'un procédé hybride de co-pulvérisation/évaporation pour l'obtention de cellules solaires à base de Cu(In,Ga)Se2." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066057.
Full textCu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells are a very promising technology for high efficiency energy conversion. Several techniques are used to synthesize CIGS absorbers. Magnetron reactive sputtering is an attractive deposition technique for depositing CIGS absorbers because of its potential for providing uniform coatings over large areas, thus offering the possibility for more competitive industrial scale-up. The objective of this work is to develop and optimize a hybrid alternative co-sputtering/evaporation CIGS deposition process. To meet this goal, various studies have been conducted to ensure control of the various deposition parameters. Initially, plasma was studied with Optical Emission Spectroscopy in order to establish correlations between plasma species and thin film composition, structure and morphology. This has allowed to establish in-situ calibration curves for monitoring the deposited layers composition and their homogeneity, and to determine the existence of different sputtering modes, linked to the selenium evaporation temperature. Then, different CIGS absorbers were synthesized with the stabilized hybrid process. These absorbers were deposited in one and three stages to analyze the influence of composition gradients on their morphological, structural and optoelectronic properties. A CIGS absorber giving a maximum conversion efficiency of 10.4 % was fabricated with a one step process. A 9.3 % efficiency solar cell was obtained with a three-stage deposition process
Diaz, Frédéric. "Systeme d'imagerie hybride par codage de pupille." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624387.
Full textGarrot, Damien. "Etude par microscopie en champ proche des phénomènes de migration de matière photo-induite dans les matériaux photochromiques." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112046.
Full textThe main goal of this PhD work is to study photo-induced matter deformation phenomena in thin polymeric film containing azobenzene moieties. This study is based on the in-situ observation of surface relief gratings kinetic of formation under illumination by an interference pattern. The observation relies on a coupled microscopy technique, allowing to correlate photo-induced morphology with the electromagnetic field distribution, with a resolution better than the lattice pitch. The study as a function of the light polarisation and of the film thickness shows that four microscopic mechanisms are involved in the photo-induced deformation of the azo-polymer: the optical reorientation of chromophore, the local reorganization of the matrix, oriented matter transport and the photobleaching. The contribution of these different mechanisms is evidenced by two phenomena observed for the first time. First, the kinetic of deformation presents a transition between two regimes, one, at short time, in phase with the light excitation, the other, at longer time, in opposition of phase. Second, the morphology of the induced relief grating depends strongly on the film thickness. This PhD work shed light on previous and somehow contradictory results, in particular in term of response of azo-polymer films at an excitation in near filed and far field optics
Morin, Olivier. "Mesures et états non-gaussiens en information quantique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01066655.
Full textFtaich, Bouchra. "Aide à la conception et à la caractérisation expérimentale de composants optoélectroniques pour les interfaces RF-Optique à très haut débit : Optimisation du packaging associé par une approche hybride électromagnétique-circuit." Limoges, 2010. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/4a54c9a0-56d1-4253-bacc-fab31eba0b72/blobholder:0/2010LIMO4019.pdf.
Full textThis work is focused : In first part on electromagnetic studies applied to an electro-optical modulator then to an Integrated Modulating Laser device. These simulations give an help to the design of an electro-optical modulator « QPSK of the type Mach Zehnder - cut Z» with its entourage. Then they concern, the optimization of the integration of device EML (Electro-absorption Modulated Laser) by reporting flip-chip mounted onto a reception substrate of frequency band going up to 100GHz, by using the hybrid approach (by coupling the electromagnetic simulation and circuit). In second part, on the characterization of a semiconductor optical amplifier coupled with an electro-absorption modulator functioning in reflexion (RMEA-SOA) used in the context of access network. Tests were initially carried out by using signals OOK-NRZ then in a context of RF/optique convergence through the study of a transmission of a WiMAX signal on fibre
Motaweh, Tammam. "Modélisation et validation expérimentale de nouvelles structures SOA large bande et de techniques d'élargissement de la bande passante optique." Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0117/document.
Full textSOA-based optical amplification became crucial for increasing optical system capacity and to benefit from the broad bandwidth of optical fibers. In this work we present both theoretical and experimental studies for a new broadband SOA developed by Alcatel Thales III-V lab in the framework of AROME and UltraWIDE ANR projects.We developed firstly a semi-phenomenological model for both the material gain and the gain coefficient of a multi-quantum well -based SOA structure with a reduced set of parameters. This material gain model has been integrated in an existing SOA model and proved its performance in reproducing steady state behavior of this new broadband SOA (gain and noise figure) for a wide range of wavelengths, input powers and bias currents. Thanks to this model, we studied the influence of the SOA geometrical structure on the optical bandwidth for a given target gain, by varying length, number of electrodes and bias current. We showed that two-electrode SOA structures do not provide any improvement of the bandwidth compared to the one-electrode case. However, the two-electrode structure allows the optimization of both the SOA saturation power and the noise figure, without sacrificing neither the maximum gain nor the optical bandwidth. We have also shown that for this kind of component, an increase in the injected optical power could be compensated by an increase in the supply current to maintain a wide optical bandwidth.We have also investigated two techniques to widen the optical bandwidth of our broadband SOA. The first one is based on a modification of the SOA structure by introducing a selective reflection filter (ESOA). Its experimental implementation allowed the amplification of an 8-CWDM-channel comb in a bandwidth (defined at -1 dB) of 140 nm. The second one, based on a hybrid Raman-SOA amplifier, provided an optical bandwidth (defined at -1 dB) of 89 nm with a gain of 17 dB. With this last technique, we were able to achieve a 5-CWDM-channel comb transmission up to 10 Gb/s over 100 km
Hamwi, Khawla. "Low Power Design Methodology and Photonics Networks on Chip for Multiprocessor System on Chip." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BRES0029.
Full textMultiprocessor systems on chip (MPSoC)s are strongly emerging as main components in high performance embedded systems. Several challenges can be determined in MPSoC design like the challenge which comes from interconnect infrastructure. Network-on-Chip (NOC) with multiple constraints to be satisfied is a promising solution for these challenges. ITRS predicts that hundreds of cores will be used in future generation system on chip (SoC) and thus raises the issue of scalability, bandwidth and implementation costs for NoCs. These issues are raised within the various technological trends in semiconductors and photonics. This PhD thesis advocates the use of NoC synthesis as the most appropriate approach to exploit these technological trends catch up with the applications requirements. Starting with several design methodologies based on FPGA technology and low power estimation techniques (HLS) for several IPs, we propose an ASIC implementation based on 3D Tezzaron technology. Multi-FPGA technology is used to validate MPSoC design with up to 64 processors with Butterfly NoC. NoC synthesis is based on a clustering of masters and slaves generating asymmetric architectures with appropriate support for very high bandwidth requests through Optical NoC (ONoC) while lower bandwidth requests are processed by electronic NoC. A linear programming is proposed as a solution to the NoC synthesis
Itawi, Ahmad. "Dispositifs photoniques hybrides sur Silicium comportant des guides nano-structurés : conception, fabrication et caractérisation." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112363/document.
Full textThis work contributes to the general context of III-V materials on Silicon hybrid devices for optical integrated functions, mainly emission/amplification at 1.55µm. Devices are considered for operation under electrical injection, reaching performances relevant for data transfer application. The main three contributions of this work concern: (i) bonding InP-based materials on Si, (ii) nanostructuration of the Si guiding layer for spatial and spectral control of the guided mode and (iii) technology of an hybrid electrically injected laser, with a special attention to the thermal budget. Bonding has been investigated following two approaches. The first one we call heterohepitaxial or oxide-free bonding, is performed without any intermediate layer at a temperature ~450°C. This approach has the great advantage allowing electrical transport across the interface, as reported in the literature. We have developed oxide-free surface preparation for both materials, mainly InP-based layers, and established bonding parameter processing. An in-depth STEM and RX structural characterization has demonstrated an oxide-free reconstructed interface without any dislocation except on one or two atomic layers which accommodate the large lattice mismatch (8.1%) between InP and Si. Photoluminescence of quantum wells intentionally grown close to the interface has shown no degradation. We have also developed an oxide-based bonding process operated at 300°C in order to be compatible with CMOS processing. The original ozone activation of the very thin (~5nm) oxide layer we have proposed demonstrates a bonding surface without any unbonded area due to degassing under annealing. We have developed an original method based on nanoindentation characterization in order to obtain a quantitative and local value of the surface bonding energy. Related to the absence or to the very thin intermediate layer between the two materials, our modal design is based on a double core structure, where most of the optical mode is confined in the Si guiding layer, and no taper is required. The Si waveguide on top of the SOI stack is a shallow ridge. A nanostructured material on both sides of the waveguide core ensures the lateral confinement, the nanostructuration geometry being at a sub-wavelength period in order to operate this material well below its photonic gap. It behaves as an uniaxial material with ordinary and extraordinary indices calculated according to the structuration geometry. Such a structuration allows modal and spectral control of the guided mode. 3D modal and spectral simulation have been performed. We have demonstrated, on a double-period structuration, a wavelength selective operation of hybrid optical waveguides. Such a double-period geometry could be included in a laser design for DFB operation. This nanostructuration has larger potential application such as coupled waveguides arrays or selective resonators. We have developed all the technological processing steps for an electrically injected hybrid laser fabrication. Main developments concern dry etching, performed with the Inductive Coupled Plasma Reactive Ion Etching ICP-RIE technique of both the nanostructuration of the Silicon material, and the mesa of the hybrid laser. Efficient electrical contacts fabrication is also a complex step. First lasers operating performances could be improved. We have investigated a specific design in order to overcome the thermal penalty encountered by all the hybrid devices. This penalty is due to the thick buried oxide layer of the SOI stack that prevents heating related to the current flow to be dissipated. Taking advantage of the electrical transport we have shown at the oxide-free interface, we propose a design where the n-contact is defined on the guiding Si layer, suppressing thermal heating under electrical operation. Such an approach is very promising for densely packed hybrid devices integrated with associated electronic driving elements on Si
Wu, Xunqi. "Etude de cavités optiques formées de miroirs de Bragg à réseaux à pas variable : application aux filtres et lasers." Phd thesis, Supélec, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00817846.
Full textBeaudin, Guillaume. "Intégration photonique : développements de coupleurs évanescents à haute performance et technologies associées." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7538.
Full textHoriuchi, Noriaki. "Cristallogenèse, caractérisation par rayons X et étude des propriétés optiques non linéaires quadratiques de cristaux organo-minéraux de 2A5NPDP et 2A5NPCl (dihydrogénophosphate et chlorure de 2-amino-5-nitropyridinium) obtenus en solution libre et en gel." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10232.
Full textPourcin, Florent. "Synthèse de nanoparticules de forme, taille et dispersion contrôlées pour l'élaboration de couches composites aux propriétés optiques modulables." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0365.
Full textNanoparticles of noble metals have unexpected optical properties. Under the effect of light, they are able to resonate, generating localized surface plasmon resonances that are used in many applications. These plasmons absorb and scatter the light at the wavelengths of these resonances and are highly dependent on the shape, the size and the environment of the nanoparticles. In this thesis, they are applied for the design of stealth materials for military purposes. For this, controlled shapes of silver nanoparticles were blended within a polymer to develop new hybrid materials that are solution-processed as thin layers. A quasi-perfect absorber (98,8%) in a precise range of wavelengths has been obtained by maintaining well-dispersed nanoparticles in the layer, while an effective broadband absorber (~90%) over the entire visible range has been achieved by triggering the aggregation of the nanoparticles. Microscopy and spectroscopy qualitative studies performed on the density and organization of the nanoparticles within the thin layers revealed the presence of plasmonic couplings of different natures and intensities as a function of the spacing between the cubes. It has been shown that the optical properties measured are independent of the nature of the substrates used and independent of the angle of the incident light on a wide angular range. Finally, solution-processing of multilayers systems was explored to extend the absorption of the layers to the near infrared by the addition of other materials such as tungsten oxide