Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Optimisation réseaux'
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Touré, Sellé. "Optimisation des réseaux : réseau actif et flexible." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT095/document.
Full textThe Electric Power System is undergoing a lot of evolutions in recent years, including the energymarket deregulation and the increasing integration of Dispersed Generators (DG). Therefore, withinthe framework of Smart Grid concept, the New Information and Communication Technologies (NICT)provide new perspectives to manage and operate distribution networks.In this context, new tools, called Advanced Distribution Automation functions (ADA, are beingstudied). The main objective of these tools is to use all the distribution network components in acoordinated manner to make them more active and flexible, in addition to increasing their operationalefficiency. In our case, we studied the functions associated with the reconfiguration problem, thevoltage control problem and the hybridization of these two, while taking into account the presence ofthe DG. Based on the inherent components of network physical models, several models have beenproposed. Some are derived from the graph theory and others use powerful mathematicalreformulation to make our models convex. The adopted models answer to the necessity of taking intoaccount all regulation means, which can be discrete (On Load Tap-Changer and capacitor banks),binary (components connectivity such as lines or transformers) and continuous (DG reactive power ),and by the choice of tools and algorithms of mixed optimization. Indeed, the complexity of theseproblems is such that we have explored both algorithms: meta-heuristic (ACA, Ant Colony Algorithm)and deterministic (Generalized Benders Decomposition, Branch and Cut Algorithm)
Tall, Abdoulaye. "Optimisation et Auto-Optimisation dans les réseaux LTE." Thesis, Avignon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AVIG0208/document.
Full textThe mobile network of Orange in France comprises more than 100 000 2G, 3G and 4G antennas with severalfrequency bands, not to mention many femto-cells for deep-indoor coverage. These numbers will continue toincrease in order to address the customers’ exponentially increasing need for mobile data. This is an illustrationof the challenge faced by the mobile operators for operating such a complex network with low OperationalExpenditures (OPEX) in order to stay competitive. This thesis is about leveraging the Self-Organizing Network(SON) concept to reduce this complexity by automating repetitive or complex tasks. We specifically proposeautomatic optimization algorithms for scenarios related to network densification using either small cells orActive Antenna Systems (AASs) used for Vertical Sectorization (VeSn), Virtual Sectorization (ViSn) and multilevelbeamforming. Problems such as load balancing with limited-capacity backhaul and interference coordination eitherin time-domain (eICIC) or in frequency-domain are tackled. We also propose optimal activation algorithms forVeSn and ViSn when their activation is not always beneficial. We make use of results from stochastic approximationand convex optimization for the mathematical formulation of the problems and their solutions. We also proposea generic methodology for the coordination of multiple SON algorithms running in parallel using results fromconcave game theory and Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI)-constrained optimization
Jabban, Ahmad. "Optimisation et analyse des résesaux intelligents et des réseaux hétérogènes." Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00881045.
Full textBoix, Marianne. "Optimisation multicritère de réseaux d'eau." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0078/document.
Full textThis study presents a multiobjective optimization of industrial water networks through mathematical programming procedures. A large range of various examples are processed to propose several feasible solutions. An industrial network is composed of fixed numbers of process units and regenerations and contaminants. These units are characterized by a priori defined values: maximal inlet and outlet contaminant concentrations. The aim is both to determine which water flows circulate between units and to allocate them while several objectives are optimized. Fresh water flow-rate (F1), regenerated water flow-rate (F2),interconnexions number (F3), energy consumption (F4) and the number of heat exchangers (F5) are all minimized. This multiobjective optimization is based upon the epsilon-constraint strategy, which is developed from a lexicographic method that leads to Pareto fronts. Monocontaminant networks are addressed with a mixed linear mathematical programming (Mixed Integer Linear Programming, MILP) model, using an original formulation based on partial water flow-rates. The obtained results we obtained are in good agreement with the literature data and lead to the validation of the method. The set of potential network solutions is provided in the form of a Pareto front. An innovative strategy based on the GEC (global equivalent cost) leads to the choice of one network among these solutions and turns out to be more efficient for choosing a good network according to a practical point of view. If the industrial network deals with several contaminants, the formulation changes from MILP into MINLP (Mixed Integer Non Linear Programming). Thanks to the same strategy used for the monocontaminant problem, the networks obtained are topologically simpler than literature data and have the advantage of not involving very low flow-rates. A MILP model is performed in order to optimize heat and water networks. Among several examples, a real case of a paper mill plant is studied. This work leads to a significant improvement of previous solutions between 2 to 10% and 7 to 15% for cost and energy consumptions respectively. The methodology is then extended to the optimization of eco-industrial parks. Several configurations are studied regarding the place of regeneration units in the symbiosis. The best network is obtained when the regeneration is owned by each industry of the park and allows again of about 13% for each company. Finally, when heat is combined to water in the network of the ecopark, a gain of 11% is obtained compared to the case where the companies are considered individually
Ben, Ameur Walid. "Sécurisation et optimisation de réseaux." Paris, ENST, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENST0005.
Full textChanas, Pascal. "Réseaux ATM : Conception et optimisation." Grenoble 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10113.
Full textRachdi, Mohamed Anouar. "Optimisation des ressources de réseaux hétérogènes avec coeur de réseau MPLS." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00146229.
Full textKlopfenstein, Olivier. "Optimisation robuste des réseaux de télécommunications." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00321868.
Full textPour résoudre de tels problèmes combinatoires sous contraintes probabilistes, on s'appuie d'abord sur l'optimisation robuste. Les liens théoriques entre ces deux familles de méthodes sont mis en évidence. A partir de modèles robustes appropriés, des algorithmes de résolution heuristique sont définis. On s'intéresse ensuite à la résolution optimale de problèmes combinatoires sous contraintes probabilistes. Des tests numériques illustrent les méthodes présentées et montrent leur efficacité pratique. Enfin, deux applications au domaine des télécommunications sont développées. Elles concernent toutes deux la localisation de fonctions dans un réseau.
Paquet, Marc. "Optimisation de l'ingénierie de réseaux manufacturiers." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24363/24363.pdf.
Full textVallet, Josselin. "Optimisation dynamique de réseaux IP/MPLS." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAT0006/document.
Full textThe high variability of traffic has become one of the major problems faced by network infrastructure managers . Under these conditions, flow route optimization based solely on an average busy hour traffic matrix is no longer relevant. The work done in this thesis aims to design dynamic routing optimization methods, adapting in real time the routes used by the flows to the actual network traffic conditions.We first study the problem of OSPF weight optimization for intra-domain routing in IP networks, where the traffic is routed along shortest paths, according to links weights. We propose an online scheme to dynamically reconfigure the OSPF weights and therefore the routes used, to respond to observed traffic variations and reduce the network congestion rate. The proposed approach is based on robust estimation of flow traffic demands from SNMP measurements on links loads. Experimental results, both on simulated and real traffic data show that the network congestion rate can be significantly reduced in comparison to a static weight configuration.On the same idea, we are also interested in optimizing MPLS networks that manage the available resource utilization by assigning a specific path for each LSP. We propose an algorithm inspired by game theory to determine the LSP placement optimizing a nonlinear performance criterion. We establish the convergence of the algorithm and obtain bounds on its approximation factor for several cost functions. As the main advantage of this technique is to offer good quality solutions in extremely reduced computation times, we are studying its use for dynamic reconfiguration of the LSP placement.The last part of this thesis is devoted to the design and development of a software solution for the deployment of a self-healing and self-optimizing network overlay between different cloud platforms. The solution is designed such that no change is required for client applications. By regularly measuring the quality of Internet links between data centers, it can quickly detect an IP route failure and switch the traffic to a backup path. It also allows to dynamically discover the paths in the overlay network that optimize a routing metric specific to the application. We describe the system architecture and implementation, as well as the experiments in both emulation and real platform composed of several data centers located in different countries
Bertrand, Sébastien. "Optimisation de réseaux multiprotocoles avec encapsulation." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF21486.
Full textRombaut, Matthieu. "Optimisation des réseaux, routage et dimensionnement." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003VERS0015.
Full textCette étude propose une approche industrielle du problème de routage de données sur des réseaux aux capacités contraintes. Un certain nombre d'études mathématiques ont été réalisées pour définir des plans de routage, par résolution de problèmes linéaires ou en nombres entiers. On constate alors que des approximations doivent être faites pour appliquer les méthodes mathématiques aux problèmes réels. D'autre part, les routages proposés sont pour la plupart simples (mono-routage). L'utilisation des algorithmes de plus courts chemins contraint souvent les flux sur une route unique, ils ne permettent généralement pas l'utilisation de liens annexes dont la charge est faible. Nous proposons des méthodes de routage de flux sur des liens de capacités finies, le routage Mille Feuilles, et des variantes de ce routage permettant de limiter le nombre de routes. Ces méthodes sont applicables au niveau de la conception ou de l'exploitation des réseaux. Ces méthodes d'optimisation par projections successives permettent de mettre en œuvre différentes fonctions coût, elles permettent d'approcher des solutions optimales obtenues à l'aide de méthode de gradient projeté. Associée à une métrique non cumulative sur la route, elles permettent de calculer des plans de routage multi-routes, de diminuer le taux charge du lien le plus chargé sur le réseau 'augmenter la résistance du réseau aux variations de trafic et à l'apparition d'une panne simple. D'autre part, nous évaluons les performances de plusieurs méthodes de re-routage en cas de panne simple d'un lien, en fonction des méthodes de routage appliquées. L'impact des re-routages sur le réseau est évalué, la variation de la charge des liens et la variation de la longueur moyenne des routes sont bornées. Les méthodes de routages ne sont pas équivalentes et elles s'adaptent différemment aux politiques de re-routage proposées. En outre, une nouvelle politique de re-routage applicable aux plans de routage multi-routes est introduite
Klopfenstein, Olivier. "Optimisation robuste des réseaux de télécommunication." Compiègne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008COMP1740.
Full textThis thesis deals with taking uncertain data into account in optimization problems. Our focus is on mathematical programs with chance constraints. In this approach, the goal is to find the best solution, given a unfeasibility probability tolerance. Furthermore, we concentrate on integer variables, since they are often required for practical applications. To solve such chance-constrained combinatorial problems, we first rely on robust optimization. The theoretical links between these two families of approaches are studied. Based on appropriate robust models, solution algorithms to chance-constrained combinatorial problems are designed. Then, the optimal solution of such problems is also investigated. Specific theoretical results and algorithms are given to reach optimality. Finally, two specific telecommuniation applications are developed. Both of them deal with location in a network
Férin, Guillaume. "Optimisation de Réseaux Ultrasonores Haute Densité." Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUR3313.
Full textSapountzis, Nikolaos. "Optimisation au niveau réseau dans le cadre des réseaux hétérogènes nouvelle génération." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0082.
Full textBy 2016, it is well-known that mobile networking has dominated our lives. We use our mobile cell phones for almost everything: from social networking to streaming, finding accommodation or banking. Nevertheless, it seems that operators have not understood yet this domination, since their networks consist of nodes that: (i) suffer from enormous load fluctuations, (ii) waste their resources, and (iii) are blamed to be a major energy-killer worldwide. Such shortcomings hurt: load-balancing, spectral and energy efficiency, respectively. The goal of this dissertation is to carefully study these efficiencies and achieve a good trade-off between them for future mobile 5G heterogeneous networks (HetNets). Towards this direction, we firstly focus on (i) the user and traffic differentiation, emerging from the MTC and IoT applications, and (ii) the RAN. Specifically, we perform appropriate modeling, performance analysis and optimization for a family of objectives, using tools mostly coming from (non) convex optimization, probability and queueing theory. Our initial consideration is on network-layer optimizations (e.g. studying the user association problem). Then, we analytically show that cross-layer optimization is key for the success of future HetNets, as one needs to jointly study other problems coming from the layers below (e.g. the TDD allocation problem from the MAC, or the cross-interference management from the PHY) to avoid performance degradation. Finally, we add the backhaul network into our framework, and consider additional constraints related to the backhaul capacity, backhaul topology, as well as the problem of backhaul TDD allocation
REBAI, Raja. "Optimisation de réseaux de télécommunications avec sécurisation." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010841.
Full textNepomuceno, Napoleao. "Optimisation dans des réseaux backhaul sans fil." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00593412.
Full textCrosnier, Michael. "Optimisation de réseaux mobiles hybrides satellite-terrestres." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013INPT0045/document.
Full textSatellite communications are leaded by television broadcasting. Yet, fixed and mobile satellite systems provide voice services as well as IP-based applications. In this thesis, we try to develop user scenarios in order to extend their targeted market. Our vision to reach this objective consists to use hybrid satellite and terrestrial mobile networks. This network design avoids a competition between both segments in which a satellite success is difficult to imagine. Furthermore, hybrid networks may draw benefits from both segments. Two promising scenarios have been selected. The first one consists in a mobile LTE network (Long Term Evolution) with base stations backhauled by satellite links whereas the second scenario is composed of a Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) connected to external networks thanks to satellite systems. One of the main problems in the hybrid LTE scenario is caused by mobility procedures. As a consequence of the standard analysis, we have decided to optimize the mobility management in two cases: a handover between two base stations for which the backhaul is provided by two different satellite terminals and a handover from a base station with a satellite backhaul to one with a terrestrial backhaul. Two procedures have drawn our attention: the preparation phase and the loss avoidance mechanism during the execution phase. First of all, we design a new procedure for the preparation which takes into account the delay induced by the satellite link. This new phase is based on a twofold decision preparation associated with multiple preparations. This solution leads to an increase of handover success. The second optimization aims to avoid losses during the execution phase and, at the same time, save satellite resources. MANET and satellite hybridization leads to very interesting characteristics for public safety communications. Indeed, these networks are independent of terrestrial infrastructures that can be impaired or destroyed. Furthermore, they can be rapidly deployed in the theater of operation. Gateway selection is a crucial problem linked to hybrid MANET. Therefore, we have focused our work on this mechanism taking into account the measured load on the satellite links as well as an oftenneglected phenomenon, the gateway flapping. These optimizations tend to promote hybrid satellite and terrestrial networks improving their performance. A promising future is foreseen for the hybrid LTE technology and we have proposed a solution to a problem that may be very detrimental to its deployment
Ayed, Hamdi. "Analyse et optimisation des réseaux avioniques hétérogènes." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INPT0113/document.
Full textThe aim of my thesis is to provide a resources-efficient gateway to connect Input/Output (I/O) CAN buses to a backbone network based on AFDX technology, in modern avionics communication architectures. Currently, the Remote Data Concentrator (RDC) is the main standard for gateways in avionics; and the existing implementations do not integrate any resource management mechanism. To handle these limitations, we design an enhanced CAN-AFDX RDC integrating new functions: (i) Frame Packing (FP) allowing to reduce communication overheads with reference to the currently used "1 to 1" frame conversion strategy; (ii) Hierarchical Traffic Shaping (HTS) to reduce contention on the CAN bus. Furthermore, our proposed RDC allows the connection of multiple I/O CAN buses to AFDX while guaranteeing isolation between different criticality levels, using a software partitioning mechanism. To analyze the performance guarantees offered by our proposed RDC, we considered two metrics: the end-to-end latency and the induced AFDX bandwidth consumption. Furthermore, an optimization process was proposed to achieve an optimal configuration of our proposed RDC, i.e., minimizing the bandwidth utilization while meeting the real-time constraints of communication. Finally, the capacity of our proposed RDC to meet the emerging avionics requirements has been validated through a realistic avionics case study
Sakouti, Khalid. "Synthèse et optimisation temporelle de réseaux booléens." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG0179.
Full textTabkhi, Firooz. "Optimisation de réseaux de transport de gaz." Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000597/.
Full textThe transport of large quantities of natural gas is carried out by pipelines. Typically, natural gas compressor stations are located at regular intervals to boost the pressure lost. Two main issues are generally highlighted when considering pipeline transmission networks, i. E. , designing and operating a gas pipeline network. This work is intended to provide a MINLP formulation (mixed integer non linear programming) for modelling and optimizing gas pipelines networks and is applied to a series of case studies covering a range of significant problems. Typical problems in industrial scales for fuel consumption minimization serve as an illustration. Then, a methodology for gas pipeline design, involving capital cost as an optimization criterion is presented. Finally, a more prospective concern, dedicated to the transport of a mixture of natural gas-hydrogen mixture in a transition period towards the so-called predicted “hydrogen economy” is tackled
Gastal, Lynda. "Optimisation robuste dans les réseaux de télécommunication." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112149.
Full textTo answer the increase in the needs, the telecommunications networks largely developed these last years. That implied at the same time by a development of the infrastructures of the networks but also by the emergence of various operators. The first point resulted by a thickening of Internet network and its geographical widening. The second point results in particular from the opening to competition. Nowadays, it is possible to the alternate operators to profit from a direct access to the end-user. They are able to control the network from beginning to end and to provide a service differentiated from that of the historical operator, by using part of its network. Although this competition is beneficial for the consumers, it revealed new stakes and new problems on the level of the operators of telecommunication. Indeed, they must face the constant evolution of topology network and make today strategic and commercial decisions for the future. Their financial margin being narrow, they must thus anticipate the evolution as well as possible of ask and that of Internet network. Within this framework, we wondered how to propose solutions with these operators. For that, we propose in this manuscript an original approach based on the theory of the robustness. Our objective is to propose a simplified model, fascinating in account evolutions of the topology of the network and thanks to which, we can propose solutions with the operators
Debard, Alexandre. "Analyse et optimisation d'antennes réseaux compactes superdirectives." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALT058.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study and seek improvement of the superdirective antenna array technology. This technology has been recently re-examined in the literature since it can bring some interesting functionalities in the future telecommunication applications. The examination of this type of antenna is thus conducted through the use of Spherical Wave Expansion which allows for the general study of directivity limits as well as gain limits, considering lossy antennas. The classical theory of end-fire array antennas is also reviewed, in the case of uniformly spaced tapered arrays, providing theoretical evaluation of efficiency and sensitivity to source feeding precision.Infinitesimal dipoles and Huygens sources are considered in a proposed development that links array theory and Spherical Wave Expansion. This contribution provides a formal proof for the directivity limit of Huygens-source-based end-fire arrays as well as an upper bound for the directivity of dipole-based arrays, when the inter-element spacing tends to zero. Moreover, it is shown how classical array theory can also be used to derive excitation coefficients that maximize gain rather than directivity, when loss resistances are considered. An examination over antenna size is also made to demonstrate which conditions are most favorable for the use of such supergain or superdirective end-fire array optimization.In a second part, practical implementations of superdirective antennas are surveyed, focusing on Huygens sources and compact end-fire array designs. The chosen implementation architecture of parasitic element arrays is then detailed and studied, in order to minimize the requirement for negative or positive resistive loads. This lead to the design and measurement of five prototypes that aim at achieving the maximum possible gain or directivity for a limited radiator size, with two-, three- and four-dipole end-fire arrays
Rébaï, Raja. "Optimisation de réseaux de télécommunications avec sécurisation." Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090025.
Full textAbdelazim, Gamil. "Applications de réseaux neuronaux à l'optimisation combinatoire." Paris 9, 1992. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1992PA090029.
Full textMalik, Salman. "Evaluation et Optimisation des Réseaux Sans Fil Denses." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00719083.
Full textCoudert, David. "Algorithmique et optimisation dans les réseaux de télécommunications." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00466400.
Full textL'ensemble des résultats présentés dans ce document est le fruit de travaux collaboratifs avec les membres de l'équipe-projet MASCOTTE, des collègues d'autres universités, française ou étrangères, et des collègues de France Télécom, Alcatel-Lucent et 3Roam. L'introduction de ce manuscrit résume nos travaux sur le routage, le groupage de trafic, la tolérance aux pannes et la reconfiguration, ainsi que des travaux plus récents sur la minimisation du nombre d'étiquettes dans les réseaux MPLS, le dimensionnement de réseaux de collecte IP sans fil, et sur le routage disjoints d'ensembles particuliers de requêtes. Ensuite, je détaille nos travaux sur le groupage de trafic au travers d'un état de l'art dans le chapitre 3, nos contributions sur la notion de groupes de ressources partageant un risque dans le chapitre 4, et sur la reconfiguration de routages dans le chapitre 5. Le chapitre 6 conclut ce manuscrit en présentant avec quelques directions de recherches.
Ben, Hamouda Mohamed Zied. "Conception et optimisation robuste des réseaux de télécommunications." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00512347.
Full textMolle, Christelle. "Optimisation de la capacité des réseaux radio maillés." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00428940.
Full textCoudert, David. "Algorithmique et optimisation de réseaux de communications optiques." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008087.
Full textDans un premier temps, nous étudions l'implantation en espace libre optique de réseaux de communications à l'aide de l'architecture OTIS (Optical Transpose Interconnection System), proposé dans [MMHE93]. Nous proposons une modélisation de ces réseaux par les graphes H(p,q,d) que nous cherchons ensuite à caractériser. Nous étudions en particulier les isomorphismes entre ces graphes et des graphes connus (de Bruijn, Kautz et autres graphes à alphabet). Nous développons une famille de graphes à alphabet contenant de nombreux graphes isomorphes au de Bruijn, que nous utilisons pour obtenir une implantation optimale, au sens de la minimisation du nombre de lentilles, du de Bruijn avec OTIS. Nous étudions aussi une famille de réseaux modélisés par des hypergraphes orientés, appelées stack-Kautz, pour laquelle nous donnons un algorithme de routage et des protocoles de contrôles.
Dans un deuxième temps, nous nous intéressons au problème de la sécurisation par protection dans les réseaux WDM, qui consiste à utiliser des ressources prédéterminées et dédiées pour assurer la continuité du trafic lors de la rupture d'un faisceau de fibres dans le réseau. Nous décrivons de nombreuses stratégies de protection de l'instance et du réseau. Nous étudions plus particulièrement la protection par sous-réseaux qui consiste au partage de ressources de protection par un ensemble de requêtes formant un sous-réseau particulier (circuit). Nous donnons une solution optimale au problème de la protection par sous-réseaux dans le cas où le réseau est un cycle et les requêtes représentent un échange total.
Lalande, Jean-François. "Conception de réseaux de télécommunications : optimisation et expérimentations." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008012.
Full textLa première partie débute par la présentation des réseaux optiques WDM. Nous abordons ensuite les modèles pour les réseaux optiques et satellitaires et proposons des méthodes algorithmiques nouvelles pour optimiser l'allocation des ressources de ces réseaux. Nous traitons ainsi le problème du routage, du groupage et de la protection des réseaux WDM successivement dans trois chapitres puis nous nous intéressons à un algorithme dédié à l'allocation de fréquences dans les réseaux satellitaires. Enfin, pour chaque problème, nous présentons des résultats expérimentaux sur des instances de réseaux réels.
La deuxième partie de cette thèse présente les développements logiciels qui ont été entrepris. Le premier chapitre présente le logiciel Porto dédié à la résolution de problèmes de routage, groupage et protection dans des réseaux optiques utilisant trois niveaux de brassage. Dans un second chapitre nous présentons le logiciel Mascopt, une bibliothèque d'optimisation pour le domaine des graphes et des réseaux qui a servi notamment à réaliser les expérimentations présentées dans la première partie.
Iutzeler, Franck. "Estimation et Optimisation Distribuée pour les Réseaux Asynchrones." Phd thesis, Telecom ParisTech, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00927646.
Full textJlili, Mohamed Malek. "Analyse et optimisation d'efficacité de réseaux manufacturiers complexes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29907/29907.pdf.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the analysis and optimal design of manufacturing systems composed of unreliable machinery. The considered systems can operate in an assembly / disassembly structure. Buffer stocks are placed between the machines in order to decouple them from each other. These machines can operate in degraded mode. Each machine is represented as a system with three states: nominal operation, blackout and a degraded mode. We consider that the degraded mode affects only the nominal production rate of machines and not the quality of the parts produced. To assess the rate of production of such a manufacturing system with multi-state machine (called complex), an analytical method is first explored. This method consists on replacing each machine by an equivalent one with two states, and then applying one of the classical methods for networks with binary state machines. After discovering the lack of precision of this method, we used a simulation method based on the software Simio for the optimal design of networks with multi-state machines. In this design, it is about making a joint selection of technologies and buffer sizes between machines. The objective of the optimization is to maximize the rate of production under budget constraints. Most existing works consider the problem of allocating buffer stocks for serial lines or series-parallel when machine technologies are already chosen. Our method is developed and validated using different randomly generated instances. To do this, the developed simulation model is coupled with two optimization methods. The first method uses the OptQuest optimization tool. The second method is a new heuristic based on a genetic algorithm (GA). In each method, the optimizer uses the production rate estimation carried out by the simulation tool in its objective function. Our new method (simulation / GA) is compared to an approach coupling an analytical method to a GA in the case of binary machines. The numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of our method in terms of solution quality at the expense of the less efficient computation time.
Holovatch, Taras. "Réseaux de transport complexes : résilience, modélisation et optimisation." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00652784.
Full textIutzeler, Franck. "Estimation et optimisation distribuée dans les réseaux asynchrones." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0078/document.
Full textThis thesis addresses the distributed estimation and optimization of a global value of interest over a network using only local and asynchronous (sometimes wireless) communications. Motivated by many different applications ranging from cloud computing to wireless sensor networks via machine learning, we design new algorithms and theoretically study three problems of very different nature : the propagation of the maximal initial value, the estimation of their average and finally distributed optimization
Ezran, Philippe. "Optimisation de la Topologie des Réseaux Sans Fils." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC014/document.
Full textThe wireless telecommunication sector is presently facing a tremendous growth of demand for higher data rates, driven by the development of mobile data services. This development makes the available spectrum scarcer and scarcer and requires solutions in order to optimize the use of its limited resources.The main challenge wireless networks are facing is to maximize availability, resiliency and Quality of Service, while minimizing costs and ensuring fair resource allocation among users.The present thesis will try to present solutions to these issues and will focus on three topics.On the first topic, the purpose is to find the ring-based topology which optimizes availability. It will be shown that algorithms which have been developed in the field of graph theory can be used efficiently to define in polynomial time the optimal ring network topology if the rings are small (two nodes in addition to the aggregation node). For bigger rings, the problem will be NP-hard. The second topic deals with polarization. We propose an innovative solution which can improve spectral efficiency in wireless ring networks by up to 50% in comparison with the state of the art. The proposed paradigm brings new perspectives regarding topology optimization and channel allocation.The third topic deals with resource allocation. We question the present approach based on optimization of network effciency. We show that this approach is similar to Bernoulli's expected utility model, which has been disproved by Allais' paradoxes. For this reason, we introduce the concept of unfairness aversion and consider the question of resource allocation as a trade-off between network efficiency and fairness
Ben, Hamouda Zied. "Conception et optimisation robuste des réseaux de télécommunications." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1193/.
Full textWith communication networks getting more and more present in our daily activities, network outages or even significant degradations of the quality of service become less and less tolerable. This calls for a robust design of communication networks anticipating possible failures or shifts in the expected traffic demands. This thesis addresses several robust design and planning problems arising in the telecommunication area. We first address the problem of designing and dimensioning a survivable network topology. We propose a novel network design model integrating all equipment costs and constraints and including several operational constraints (potential nodes, modular capacities, delay constraints). One exact and two heuristic algorithms are proposed to solve this problem. Numerical results show that significant cost-savings can be achieved when equipment costs are taken into account in the early stages of the design process. The variation in traffic volumes has become one of the most important problems faced by network operators. Designing a network using a single ``busy hour'' traffic matrix more and more strains credibility due to the high volatility of traffic patterns. Thus, there is a need to incorporate demand uncertainty into the network routing problems explicitly. We study two robust route optimization problems: (1) the problem of VPN design under the hose model of demand uncertainty and (2) the problem of link weight optimization under demand uncertainty. We establish mathematical models for both problems and propose efficient approximation algorithms based on local-search techniques to solve them
Voge, Marie-Emilie. "Optimisation des réseaux de télécommunications : Réseaux multiniveaux, Tolérance aux pannes et Surveillance du trafic." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00171565.
Full textNous nous intéressons aussi bien aux réseaux de coeur qu'aux réseaux d'accès. Dans le premier chapitre, nous présentons brièvement les réseaux d'accès ainsi que les réseaux multiniveaux de type IP/WDM et l'architecture MPLS que nous considérons pour les réseaux de coeur. Ces réseaux sont composés d'un niveau physique sur lequel est routé un niveau virtuel. A leur tour les requêtes des utilisateurs sont routées sur le niveau virtuel. Nous abordons également la tolérance aux pannes dans les réseaux multiniveaux qui motive deux problèmes que nous avons étudiés.
Le second chapitre est consacré à la conception de réseaux virtuels. Dans un premier temps nous modélisons un problème prenant en compte la tolérance aux pannes, puis nous en étudions un sous-problème, le groupage. Notre objectif est de minimiser le nombre de liens virtuels, ou tubes, à installer pour router un ensemble de requêtes quelconque lorsque le niveau physique est un chemin orienté.
Le troisième chapitre traite des groupes de risque (SRRG) induits par l'empilement de niveaux au sein d'un réseau multiniveaux. Grâce à une modélisation par des graphes colorés, nous étudions la connexité et la vulnérabilité aux pannes de ces réseaux.
L'objet du quatrième chapitre est le problème du placement d'instruments de mesure du trafic dans le réseau d'accès d'un opérateur. Nous considérons aussi bien les mesures passives qu'actives. La surveillance du trafic possède de nombreuses applications, en particulier la détection de pannes et l'évaluation des performances d'un réseau.
Voge, Marie-Émilie. "Optimisation des réseaux de télécommunications : réseaux multiniveaux, tolérance aux pannes et surveillance du trafic." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE4085.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to optimization problems arising in telecommunication networks. We tackle these problems from two main points of view. On the one hand we study their complexity and approximability properties. On the second hand, we propose heuristic methods, approximation algorithms or even exact algorithms that we compare with mixed integer linear programming formulations on specific instances. We are interested in backbone networks as well as access networks. In the first chapter, we briefly present access networks and IP/WDM multilayer backbone networks using the MPLS architecture. These networks are composed of a physical layer on which is routed a virtual layer. In turn, the users' requests are routed on the virtual layer. We also present multilayer network survivability issues motivating two of the questions we have studied. The second chapter is dedicated to the design of virtual networks. First we propose a mixed integer linear programming formulation with network survivability constraints. Then we study a sub-problem, the grooming problem. Our objective is to minimize the number of virtual links, needed to route a given set of requests when the physical layer is a directed path. The third chapter deals with Shared Risk Resource Groups (SRRG) induced by stacking up network layers in multilayer networks. Thanks to the colored graphs model, we study connexity and failure vulnerability of these networks. The positioning of active and passive traffic measurement points in the access network of an internet service provider is the subject of the fourth chapter
Le, Van Viet. "Optimisation temporelle des réseaux programmables à base de LUT." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345358.
Full textMunteanu, Gheorghe. "Modélisation mathématique, simulation et optimisation des réseaux de transport." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2009. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/72/1/MUNTEANU_Gheorghe.pdf.
Full textBrun, Olivier. "Analyse et optimisation de performance des réseaux de communication." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00728757.
Full textHernandez-Rodriguez, Guillermo. "Optimisation multiobjectif de réseaux de transport de gaz naturel." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0067/document.
Full textThe optimization of a natural gas transportation network (NGTN) is typically a multiobjective optimization problem, involving for instance energy consumption minimization at the compressor stations and gas delivery maximization. However, very few works concerning multiobjective optimization of gas pipelines networks are reported in the literature. Thereby, this work aims at providing a general framework of formulation and resolution of multiobjective optimization problems related to NGTN. In the first part of the study, the NGTN model is described. Then, various multiobjective optimization techniques belonging to two main classes, scalarization and evolutionary, commonly used for engineering purposes, are presented. From a comparative study performed on two mathematical examples and on five process engineering problems (including a NGTN), a variant of the multiobjective genetic algorithm NSGA-II outmatches the classical scalararization methods, Weighted-sum and ε-Constraint. So NSGA-II has been selected for performing the triobjective optimization of a NGTN. First, the monobjective problem related to the minimization of the fuel consumption in the compression stations is solved. Then a biojective problem, where the fuel consumption has to be minimized, and the gas mass flow delivery at end-points of the network maximized, is presented. The non dominated solutions are displayed in the form of a Pareto front. Finally, the study of the impact of hydrogen injection in the NGTN is carried out by introducing a third criterion, i.e., the percentage of injected hydrogen to be maximized. In the two multiobjective cases, generic Multiple Choice Decision Making tools are implemented to identify the best solution among the ones displayed of the Pareto fronts
Kodjo, Alvinice. "Dimensionnement et optimisation des réseaux de collecte sans fil." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4140/document.
Full textThe main work of this thesis focuses on the wireless backhaul networks. We studied different optimization problems in such networks that represent real challenges for industrial sector.The first issue addressed focuses on the capacity allocation on the links at minimum cost. It was solved by a linear programming approach with column generation. Our method solves the problems on large size networks. We then studied the problem of network infrastructure sharing between virtual operators. The objective is to maximize the revenue of the operator of the physical infrastructure while satisfying the quality of service constraints of virtual operators customers of the network. In this context, we proposed a robust model using mixed integer linear programming. In the following problem, we proposed a robust energy-aware routing solution for the network operators to reduce their energy consumption. Our solution was formulated using a mixed integer linear program. We also proposed heuristics to find efficient solutions for large networks. The last work of this thesis focuses on cognitive radio networks and more specifi- cally on the problem of bandwidth sharing. We formalized it using a linear program with a different approach to robust optimization. We based our solution on the 2-stage linear robust method
Gladkikh, Egor. "Optimisation de l'architecture des réseaux de distribution d'énergie électrique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT055/document.
Full textTo cope with the changes in the energy landscape, electrical distribution networks are submitted to operational requirements in order to guarantee reliability indices. In the coming years, big investments are planned for the construction of flexible, consistent and effective electrical networks, based on the new architectures, innovative technical solutions and in response to the development of renewable energy. Taking into account the industrial needs of the development of future distribution networks, we propose in this thesis an approach based on the graph theory and combinatorial optimization for the design of new architectures for distribution networks. Our approach is to study the general problem of finding an optimal architecture which respects a set of topological (redundancy) and electrical (maximum current, voltage plan) constraints according to precise optimization criteria: minimization of operating cost (OPEX) and minimization of investment (CAPEX). Thus, the two families of combinatorial problems (and their relaxations) were explored to propose effective resolutions (exact or approximate) of the distribution network planning problem using an adapted formulation. We are particularly interested in 2-connected graphs and the arborescent flow problem with minimum quadratic losses. The comparative results of tests on the network instances (fictional and real) for the proposed methods were presented
Benchaita, Walid. "Stabilisation et optimisation des réseaux de diffusion de contenu." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066593.
Full textToday, many devices are capable to capture full HD videos and use their network connections to access the Internet. The popularization of these devices and continuous efforts to increase network quality has brought a proper environment for the rise of live streaming. Associated with the large scale of Users Generated Content (UGC), live streaming presents new challenges. Content Delivery Networks (CDN)are considered as the potential solution to deliver this rising content volume. Although CDN solutions are progressively integrated with the network infrastructure, they still show technological limitations in dealing with the increasing amount of bandwidth-hungry and demanding applications. In this thesis, the main target of our contributions is request routing, which is a content delivery mechanism that has a key impact on scale and performance of the CDN, as well as on the perceived Quality of Experience (QoE). First, we present a flexible scheme and an optimization algorithm, based on Lyapunov theory, for request routing in CDNs. Our online approach provides a stable quality of service to clients, while improving content delivery delays. It also reduces data transport costs for operators and outperforms existing techniques in terms of peak traffic management.Second, to overcome the limitations of the redirection mechanism used in current request routing solutions, we introduce a new approach to content delivery incorporating Information-Centric Networking (ICN) principles without requiring any change in the underlying network. This solution improves content delivery performance and enables the implementation of cost efficient request routing strategies
Daher, Alaa. "Optimisation des réseaux cellulaires pour les communications professionnelles critiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT009/document.
Full textBusiness- and mission-critical communications are communications between professional users either from the public safety sector or operating critical infrastructures. Owing to special coverage, priority access, reliability and resilience requirements, as well as additional services for professional users, these communications are conveyed by Professional Mobile Radio (PMR) networks. Driven by the demand growth, significant changes are taking place in the PMR industry. The existing PMR technologies are indeed not well suited to provide high data rates mobile services like video and photo transfers; hence, the adoption of commercial technologies for mission-critical communications is gaining strong momentum. On the other hand, the next generation cellular networks are envisioned to support a large variety of applications and services with heterogeneous performance requirements, i.e., enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB), massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC) and Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC). Recently, mission-critical communications have been classified in a URLLC use case family, characterized by the need to a higher priority over other communications in the networks.In this context, we focus on enhancing the coverage of wireless networks providing group communications, the main service allowed by PMR networks, taking advantage of the current technologies (e.g. Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service), to meet the mission-critical communications needs. First, we evaluate the performance of unicast and multicast transmission techniques, i.e., the Multicast/Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) and Single-Cell Point-To-Multipoint (SC-PTM), in terms of radio quality, system spectral efficiency and cell coverage, assuming static MBSFN configurations. Then, we introduce an analytical model to derive an approximate closed-form formula of the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) in a MBSFN network.Furthermore, we propose a simple repetition scheme without request, as an alternative to Hybrid Automatic Repeat re-Quest (HARQ), in the aim of improving the network coverage in presence of group communications. By considering the wireless channel characteristics, as well as the service delay constraints, we show that our proposed scheme provides significant gains over traditional repetition schemes.Finally, we assess the trade-off in the cluster’s size of serving cells which arises between network coverage and capacity in multi-point transmissions. We formulate an optimization problem to maintain an acceptable system blocking probability, while maximizing the average SINR of the multicast group users. For group calls, a dynamic cluster of cells is selected based on the minimization of a submodular function that takes into account the traffic in every cell through some weights and the average SINR achieved by the group users. Traffic weights are then optimized using a Nelder-Mead simplex method with the objective of tracking a blocking probability threshold. Results show the importance of dynamic clustering in improving system capacity and coverage
Agha, Khaldoun Al. "Optimisation des ressources pour réseaux mobiles à haut débit." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998VERS0016.
Full textDu fait de l'etroite bande passante affectee au lien de transmission radio, l'optimisation de l'allocation de ressources dans les reseaux mobiles s'avere cruciale pour pouvoir y integrer le support haut debit. En effet, la diminution de la taille des cellules permet une reutilisation des ressources plus importante et demultiplie le nombre de transferts intercellulaires. Ceci implique une gestion complexe des ressources a travers les stations de base. Cette these s'est donc proposee d'etudier les schemas d'allocation existants, et d'elaborer des solutions pour les adapter aux variations de trafic, par essence, instantanees et peu previsibles dans les reseaux sans fil. Tout d'abord, l'attention s'est portee sur le schema fixe d'allocation. Partant de ce schema, a ete proposee une nouvelle methode fixe d'allocation qui permet d'equilibrer la charge du trafic, souvent non uniforme, en fonction des ressources disponibles. Cet ajustement s'est appuye sur un concept de seuil d'alarme gere par un systeme multi-agent. Les effort se sont ensuite concentres sur le schema d'allocation hybride, en particulier sur la repartition fixe et dynamique des ressources aux stations de base. Cette repartition etant invariable dans le temps, la demarche a consiste a la rendre flexible et a la faire evoluer en fonction du temps et par apprentissage. Pour ce faire, une architecture watm integrant un systeme multi-agent a ete concue, laquelle a permis de realiser un nouveau schema capable d'offrir une repartition adaptative et qui prend en consideration les conditions de trafic du reseau. Cette these s'est achevee sur la mise au point de trois schemas dynamiques issus du channel segregation. Fondes sur la communication entre les stations de base avoisinantes, ces schemas sont capables d'offrir plusieurs qualites de service a differentes classes de trafic. En effet, les agents intelligents installes dans les stations de base cooperent pour se partager les ressources avec un minimum de conflits
Senouci, Sid-Ahmed Benali. "Optimisation et prédiction temporelles sur les réseaux programmables CPLD." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ECDL0051.
Full textJiang, Fei. "Optimisation de la topologie de grands réseaux de neurones." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112211.
Full textIn this dissertation, we present our study regarding the influence of the topology on the learning performances of neural networks with complex topologies. Three different neural networks have been investigated: the classical Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) with complex graph topology, the Echo States Network (ESN) and the Standard Model Features(SMF). In each case, we begin by comparing the performances of different topologies for the same task. We then try to optimize the topology of some neural network in order to improve such performance. The first part deals with Self-Organizing Maps, and the task is the standard classification of handwritten digits from the MNIST database. We show that topology has a small impact on performance and robustness to neuron failures, at least at long learning times. Performance may however be increased by almost 10% by artificial evolution of the network topology. In our experimental conditions, the evolved networks are more random than their parents, but display a more heterogeneous degree distribution. In the second part, we propose to apply CMA-ES, the state-of-the-art method in evolutionary continuous parameter optimization, to the evolutionary learning of the parameters of an Echo State Network (the Readout weights, of course, but also, Spectral Radius, Slopes of the neurons active function). First, a standard supervised learning problem is used to validate the approach and compare it to the original one. But the flexibility of Evolutionary optimization allows us to optimize not only the outgoing weights but also, or alternatively, other ESN parameters, sometimes leading to improved results. The classical double pole balancing control problem is used to demonstrate the feasibility of evolutionary reinforcement learning of ESN. We show that the evolutionary ESN obtain results that are comparable with those of the best topology-learning neuro-evolution methods. Finally, the last part presents our initial research of the SMF - a visual object recognition model which is inspired by the visual cortex. Two version based on SMF are applied to the PASCAL Visual multi-Object recognition Challenge (VOC2008). The long terms goal is to find the optimal topology of the SMF model, but the computation cost is however too expensive to optimize the complete topology directly. So as a first step, we apply an Evolutionary Algorithm to auto-select the feature used by the systems. We show that, for the VOC2008 challenge, with only 20% selected feature, the system can perform as well as with all 1000 randomly selected feature