Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Optimisation mécanique'
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Courty, Francois. "Optimisation Différentiable en Mécanique des Fluides Numérique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004344.
Full textCourty, François. "Optimisation différentiable en mécanique des fluides numérique." Paris 11, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004344.
Full textOur contribution concerns the following three complementary domains : Automatic Differentiation, op- timal shape design for large systems, mesh adaption. In the chapter 1 of the part 1, we expose a method to compute gradients using Automatic Differentiation for a classical optimal shape design problem. We exply how to deduce an exact gradient based on an adjoint state without storing explicitly the Jacobian matrix. The reverse mode of the DA that we propose use much legs memory storage. In the chapter 2 of the part 2, we propose a SQP-like method to solve a class of optimization problems with equality constraints. We use a low cost iteration to solve the state and the adjoint. The new algorithm enables to solve simultaneously the optimality system. This one shot method combines efficiency and robustness. In the chapter 3 of the part 2, we study a new preconditioning strategy for optimal shape design. We build an additive multilevel preconditioning starting from the classical Bramble-Pasciak-Xu principle and from the agglomeration principle. We specify easily the gain of regularity of our preconditioning using only one real parameter. In the chapter 1 of the part 3, we study the problem of the best adapted mesh for a pure interpolation problem. We specify the mesh with a metric and we model the interpolation error. The optimality system solution gives a completely explicite expression of the optimal metric as a function of the function to adapt. In the chapter 2 of the part 3, we extend the method of the previous chapter to the problem of mesh adaption for P. D. E. Our method is based on a rigourous a priori analysis followed by a modelization. We obtain an optimal control formulation with an adjoint state
Futier, Emmanuel. "Optimisation de la ventilation mécanique en médecine périopératoire." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF1MM06.
Full textTo date, this thesis has not been deposited. The Université Clermont Auvergne is therefore unable to ensure its processing, conservation and dissemination
Roux, Émile. "Assemblage mécanique : stratégies d'optimisation des procédés et d'identification des comportements mécaniques des matériaux." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00628034.
Full textPaquin, Simon. "Modélisation et optimisation mécanique d'un récupérateur piézoélectrique d'énergie vibratoire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27833/27833.pdf.
Full textSegal, Nicolas. "Arrêt circulatoire : Optimisation pharmaco-mécanique et post conditionnement ischémique." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077038.
Full textDespite numerous experimental and clinical studies in the field of cardiac arrest, only 1 to 8% of the patients leave the hospital with good neurological recovery. Therefore, it is necessary to propose new therapeutics to increase survival after cardiac arrest. To achieve this goal, it seems essential to improve the quality of chest compressions during resuscitation and to protect the myocardium and the brain against ischemia reperfusion injuries. In the first part of this work, we evaluated the current practices to assess if they are beneficial to the patients. Thus, based on a new imaging technic of microcirculation, we checked with direct visualization the effects of the intrathoracic pressure regulation on the microcirculation of the organs. Then, this work studied the impact of supraglottic airway devices on cerebral perfusion during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Finally, we studied the potentially deleterious effects of epinephrine on vital organ perfusion during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The second part of this work was focused on optimizing vital organ perfusion by a new technique called SNPeCPR. Finally, the last part focused on the protection of reperfusion injury after cardiac arrest by an adaptation of ischemic postconditioning in cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Boisgerault, Sébastien. "Optimisation de forme : systèmes nonlinéaires et mécanique des fluides." Paris, ENMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP0972.
Full textPeyruseigt, François. "Optimisation mécanique d'un contact conforme : application aux rotules aéronautiques." Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00001910/01/peyruseigt1.pdf.
Full textThe main problem that occurs on spherical plain bearings is their spherical surfaces wear prediction that can cause their seizure. This wear is linked with the contact pressures field on the spherical bearing surfaces and with the interface tribological behaviour. Several contact pressure optimization tools are copared. To check their representativeness, scattered light photoelasticity and digital volume correlation tests were performed to compare their results to finite element model ones. The tribological behaviour of a spherical plain bearing was studied by performing elementary tests and on scalled bearings to select most efficient couples of coatings for this application. An influence analysis of the bearing design parameters and an optimisation of its spherical profile were performed to highlight improvement ways for the contact pressures distribution particularly for the edge effects attenuation
Tye, Gingras Maxime. "Modélisation et optimisation de panneaux radiants hydroniques." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28710/28710.pdf.
Full textRistagno, Baptiste. "Machines à commutateur mécanique pour traction automobile : modélisation et optimisation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0122.
Full textThe research work carried out in this thesis is part of a context of vehicle electrification in response to environmental concerns. This thesis focuses on the modeling and optimization of commutator machines used in powertrains of small electric vehicles. This kind of machines represents an alternate solution due to their competitiveness, robustness and reliability mainly due to the absence of power electronics. Nevertheless, they require compensation windings and commutation poles to improve their performances. Commutator power supply makes it necessary to take into account electrical dynamics in numerical magnetic modeling by finite elements. That is why, it is crucial to develop a model allowing a strong coupling in the sense of the variational formulation, of magnetic problem, external electrical circuit and finally current flow problem at the commutator interface. In this context, the use of a modeling opensource platform ONELAB has led to the development of an original model that performs projection of physical properties and sources on a fixed mesh. This method avoids remeshing during iterative processes such as geometric optimization or movement modeling. This method has led to the dynamic coupling of the magnetic problem and the external electrical circuit to the current flow formulation at the commutator interface as well as to prospects for multi-physical simulations at this interface. Finally, the choice of an optimization algorithm adapted to the numerical models (black box with a high evaluation cost) allowed the development of a tool for the design of commutator machines adapted to many topologies in order to fulfill industrial requirements
KIM, BYEONG-SAM. "Optimisation des structures inelastiques." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EPXX0006.
Full textMin, Kyung-Tak. "Optimisation d'un cylindre en sandwich composite soumis à des sollicitations combinées." Compiègne, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985COMPI201.
Full textShink, Mélanie. "Compatibilité élastique, comportement mécanique et optimisation des bétons de granulats légers." Thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2003/20771/20771.pdf.
Full textKotelnikova-Weiler, Natalia. "Optimisation mécanique et énergétique d'enveloppes en matériaux composites pour les bâtiments." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00807510.
Full textDelas, Olivier. "Optimisation du couplage mécanique entre une céramique PZT et une plaque." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1306.
Full textCarrier, Alexandre. "Sensibilité en mécanique des fluides : adaptation de maillage, turbulence et optimisation." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68166.
Full textThis thesis concerns the analysis of fluid mechanics by computer. The goal is to present new methodologies that allow controlling effectively and automatically parameters of the physical and numerical problem to obtain the results the engineer desires. These results are concrete needs as the performance of the system measured in terms of aerodynamic coefficients, energy losses, etc. To control the result, the flow simulation is not sufficient. The link between results and parameters is missing. A sensitivity analysis provides this information. If we do this analysis appropriately, its cost becomes marginal. First, the numerical estimate of the result must be reliable. Consequently, we give an new way to control effectively the error related to the spatial discretization necessary for this kind of computational methods. We use the sensitivity of the result with respect to the residuals of the physics equations. We are validating our new tools on laminar flows. Then we continue with turbulent flows. Once these quantities are well estimated numerically, the problem can be optimized virtually. Thus, the actual design improvement can be accelerated. In this work, geometric optimization is achieved. We present new ways to manage design constraints. We use the sensitivity of the result to wall perturbations.
Lellouche, François. "Optimisation de l'humidification des gaz au cours de la ventilation mécanique." Paris 12, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA120053.
Full textThe airways humidification during mechanical ventilation can be performed with different systems : heated humidifiers (HH), heat and moisture exchangers (HME) and "active" HME. Their advantages and disadvantages are outlined in this work. Hygrometric performances of these systems have been tested on bench, on healthy subjects and on patients during invasive as well as non-invasive ventilation (NIV) with the psychometric method and were compared with data from the literature. We showed that heated wire HH have altered performance when the inlet chamber temperature (influenced by both the ambient and the outlet ventilator temperatures) is high. The HME are strongly influenced by patient's core temperature, their performances are reduced in the case of hypothermia. During NIV, we showed that the HH are particulary sensitiveto the inlet chamber temperature, that the HME have a sifnificant loss of their effectiveness in the event of leaks and that in the absence of humidification, gas characteristics influence humidity delivered to the patients. We also studied the impact of the dead space of these systems during NIV. HME's additional dead space leads to increased work of breathing, minute ventilation and a decrease in alveolar ventilation compared with the HH. However, it has not been demonstrated any difference on the rate of intubation during NIV between these two systems. Taken together, these data allowed us to make recommendations for the airways humidification during mechanical ventilation
Soulier, Bruno. "Sur la modélisation expérimentale en mécanique : précision, optimisation et applications industrielles." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DENS0020.
Full textMerlano, Rojas Arturo. "Optimisation de la disponibilité des systèmes assujettis à la maintenance imparfaite." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25774/25774.pdf.
Full textGballou, Zébé Joachim. "Renforcement des sols : optimisation de l'essai d'interaction sol-géosynthétique." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10020.
Full textShindo, Kyo. "Analyse mécanique et optimisation géométrique de la dent restaurée par méthode indirecte." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC003/document.
Full textThe rehabilitation of dental function following the fitting of prostheses obtained by cemented ceramic restorations is one of the major challenges of restorative dentistry. It is now well established that the ceramic/composite interface has an important significance for the longevity of the restoration and its observation using X-ray µ-CT enabled us to characterize some types of defects within the cement layer (air voids and debonding). The mechanical analysis of the restored tooth considering those defects exhibits their negative influence on the strength of the assembly. The influence of design parameters has also been studied considering a simplified 2D axisymmetric FE model in order to avoid the morphological diversity of real geometries. Results show that the design of the inner shape of the crown (editable within the CAD/CAM process) is mechanically relevant. A 3D finite element study extending to the periodontal ligament has then been realized in order to approach this problem in a more realistic perspective. Results show high stresses near from the cervical margin of the crown, coinciding with a common clinical failure mode. This 3D model was also used in a additional study allowing us to conclude that the geometrical data used in modern CAD/CAM processes are sufficient to develop a mechanical optimization of the restoration design. A reverse engineering method based on the interpolation of B-Spline surfaces on scanned data acquired during clinic procedures is therefore introduced in order to integrate a patient specific mechanical optimization within the digital chain of CAD/CAM processes
Benseddiq, Noureddine. "Optimisation des garnitures composites pour freins à disques ferroviaires." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10076.
Full textLafon, Pascal. "Conception optimale de systèmes mécaniques : optimisation en variables mixtes." Toulouse, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAT0002.
Full textZeng, Qiang. "Optimisation de l'utilisation des explosifs en génie civil." Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENPC9533.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the comprehension of the complex phenomena during the rock blasting in order to get an optimal design. In the first part, we give a synthesis of the numerical models based on the detonation theory. In the second part, we focus on the modelling of the dynamic behaviours of rocks. An new elastic with anisotropic damage model is proposed and implemented in a dynamic explicit code RARIOSS, the simulations of the blasts with different problems (2-D, 3-D, detonation/structure) are presented. In the last part, we show a new approach for the optimization. The knowledge about the mechanism of the rock fragmentation is developed, especially on the influences of certain design parameters. The examples of the generation of the specific rules by automatic learning show the efficiency of the approach. The example of the optimization by coupling the genetic algorithms with automatic learning show the capacity and the perspective
Fatemi, Javad. "Optimisation topologique des plaques raidies." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10271.
Full textBeley, Jean-Daniel. "Paramétrisation de forme en mécanique des structures." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10016.
Full textNumerical simulation software are mostly used for verification purpose, rather than design tools. Parameterization of analysis results provides a solution to the designer, as it creates a functional relation between the design variables and the component performance criteria. In this work we study a new parameterization method based on Taylor expansions. This method, introduced by Masmoudi and Guillaume on linear static electromagnetism problems is generalized to be applied to complex linear static problems, and extended to forced response and normal modes analysis. The main design variables are often the CAD dimensions. We include in the parameterization method described above some CAD parameters, using a polynomial approximation of the parametric geometry, and through polynomial mesh perturbations. These perturbations are built using some optimization-based local and global mesh smoothing techniques
Delalleau, Alexandre. "Analyse du comportement mécanique de la peau in vivo." Saint-Etienne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STET4003.
Full textThe mechanical properties of the skin are of potential interest in the identification of certain diseases, for assessing therapeutic intervention, or for predicting the effect of a trauma. Such an analysis is a key investigation for surgery, for dermatology and for cosmetic studies to draw relationships with the sex or the age of an individual. First of all, this study aims at presenting a new identification method to assess the mechanical properties of human skin. Since skin needs to be studied in vivo, various experimental tests were designed and several models which are usually based on different assumptions have been proposed. The advantage of this method is that it can be used to deal with any kind of mechanical tests. It is thus able to distinguish the best experimental devices and to explain the disparity of the measurements usually shown by literature. This work then focuses on the analysis of the complex mechanical properties of the skin through specific behaviour laws. The nonlinear, viscoelastic and incompressible aspects of the skin are for example tackled. The third purpose of this analyze concerns the reliability of the proposed method. Clinical studies are performed with a large number of measurements. To draw reliable conclusions, the identification of the mechanical properties must succeed in every case. The reliability of the proposed algorithm is ensured through the coupling of different optimization techniques. Finally, the main advantage of this approach, which shows a close concept to the one of design of experiments and response surfaces, consists in using a FEM-free optimization procedure that can be used easily by medical practitioners
Monnier, Philippe. "Conception et optimisation de transducteurs colocalisés pour l'amortissement actif de structures flexibles." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA2082.
Full textThis work is focused on the active damping of flexible structures. It is divided into four parts dealing with the design, the optimisation, the simulation and the implementation of the control system. In the first part, the stability and robustness of different control strategies are investigated. Collocated active damping is preferred for being the only stable and robust method. The characteristics of the collocated Integral Force Feedback control strategy are studied in a second part. The mechanical parameters that characterize the efficiency of this non-optimal dissipation strategy are identified through a sensitivity analysis. A criterion is proposed to optimize the mechanical power transfer between the structure and the transducers. Its relevance is then proved by numerical and experimental studies. Thus, the third part describes the active vibration control of a plate. Different plate systems are considered to emphasize the effect of mechanical impedances on the control implementation. The agreement of the numerical and experimental results validates the theoretical concepts while underlining the importance of the relative impedance of the transducers with respect to that of the system. The last part is devoted to the vibration control of an automotive windscreen. The efficiency of several control laws is investigated, and their efficiency evaluated by holographic measurements. This final case has revealed the difficulties encountered by controlling highly damped structures
Oudjene, Mourad. "Modélisation et optimisation du comportement mécanique des outils d'emboutissage stratifiés précontraints par vissage." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2005_OUDJENE_M.pdf.
Full textIn sheet metal stamping, the forming tools play a crucial role and the global cost of stamped parts is highly influenced by the cost of the tools, depending on the production volume. For low volume or for rapid prototyping, stamping tools can be made by an assemblage of steel sheets or layers, assembled by different techniques (glue, screws, bolts. . . ). Each layer is obtained by laser cutting and micro-milling (as in the Stratoconception® approach). The present work deals with the design of stamping tools obtained by the assemblage of plates in layers and fixed by screws. We propose and validate a numerical approach for the 3D stress analysis of the multilayered tools. The final original objective is to optimize the layered stamping tools assembled by screws. In order to avoid the great difficulties involved for the numerical simulation of the stamping process taking into account deformable and layered tools assembled by screws, we develop a simplified approach based on two steps, based on the decoupling of the non-linearities of the stamping process and the linear elastic analysis of the deformable tools. Several examples are considered with multilayered steel tools assembled by screws and produced by the Stratoconception® approach. We finally proposed an optimization procedure of the screw positions as an attempt to improve the design and the strength of the layered tools by increasing the life duration of the screws
Peyvieux, Eric. "Analyse du comportement mécanique et optimisation de forme d'une travée de pivot d'irrigation." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10598.
Full textIruela, Solène. "Optimisation par voie métallurgique des performances mécanique et électrique d'alliages de métaux nobles." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021GRALI006.
Full textThe range of fine wire products marketed by METALOR is based on silver, copper and palladium alloys with high electrical and mechanical performance, such as the NOVAE1 product which has a mechanical strength of 1.3 GPa and an electrical conductivity of 17 % IACS. The objective of this study is to understand the metallurgical mechanisms behind these characteristics and to take advantage of them in order to propose a new range of alloys with improved conductivity while maintaining high mechanical strength. The preliminary study carried out on the Cu-Pd binary system highlights the presence of the βCuPd phase below 600 °C, whose electrical conductivity is estimated at 30 % IACS. This phase is experimentally highlighted in the NOVAE1 fine wire and its formation is associated with an 8 % IACS increase in conductivity. It could therefore be a promising answer for the development of new alloys. Targeted experiments were carried out on seven grades of alloys developed and annealed for several months at 727 °C and 550 °C and then characterized by microprobe, XRD and SEM. These new data allow to refine the thermodynamic description of the Ag-Cu-Pd ternary system, in particular the miscibility gap, consisting of the two solid solutions cfc α1 and α2 and the extension of the βCuPd phase in the ternary system. The multi-scale characterization of the fine NOVAE1 wire highlights the complex, three-phase and nanostructured structure of the sample. These observations allow the development of phenomenological models of the mechanical and electrical properties of the wires by considering a matrix consisting of an Ag-rich α1 phase, associated with a soft phase in which are included hard phase domains rich in Cu and Pd, α2 and βCuPd. The wire characteristics are thus evaluated according to their chemical composition. This highlights the key parameters of the system: phase proportions, grain sizes, elastic modulus of the soft phase and electrical properties of the phases
Radi, Kaoutar. "Matériaux bioinspirés : Optimisation du comportement mécanique en utilisant la méthode des éléments discrets." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI066/document.
Full textNatural materials such as bone and the nacre of some seashells are made of relatively weak building blocks and yet often exhibit remarkable combinations of stiffness, strength, and toughness. Such performances are due in large part to their brick and mortar architectures. Many efforts are devoted to translate these design principles into synthetic materials. However, much of the progress is based on trial-and-error approaches, which are time consuming and do not guarantee that an optimum is achieved.Modeling is an appealing alternative to guide the design and processing routes of such materials. In this work, we develop a numerical model based on Discrete Element Method (DEM) to understand the reinforcement mechanisms and optimize the mechanical properties of nacre-like materials based on their microstructural parameters. The model follows the crack propagation, accounts for different reinforcement mechanisms, and quantitatively assess stiffness, strength, and toughness. An interesting approach, based on EBSD imaging, is presented to model the real material and its different microstructural variations. Results are then combined to provide design guidelines for synthetic brick-and-mortar composites comprising with only brittle constituents
Belas, Azzéddine. "Etude et optimisation des formes aérodynamiques des voitures de différentes dimensions." Valenciennes, 2002. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/d2872a59-8e62-486f-83c0-bd21bab39185.
Full textThe searches led in our laboratory showed the importance of the privileged angles, notably as regards the reduction of the coefficient of dragged Cx, entailing a decrease of the consumption of the fuel and an improvement of the road holding. Indeed the obtained results confirm the interest of these angles and one observes that the forms of cars built with these angles benefit from a drainage so exempt as possible of the unsticking, and the trail behind the body is stable and little divergent. The purpose thus of this study is to optimize the navy forms, air and ground such as : the veils, the wings planes, the cars and the trains, optimization bound to the stabilitv of the drainage of the fluids around these forms
Brahim, El Hacen. "Apport des outils d'optimisation pour l'identification des lois de comportement mécanique des matériaux." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10016/document.
Full textThe objective of this work is to implement optimization algorithms for the identification of the mechanical behavior of materials. The tools developed here are intended to automatic search of mechanical parameters that represent variables in a constitutive law implemented in Finite Element (FE) models. The advantage of the implemented tools is the reduction of computational time needed to solve the identification problem. The experimental database includes a variety of mechanical responses in bending and instrumented indentation that are used for the identification the behavior of a biocomposite and a variety of metals. Several optimization approaches are developed in the work including deterministic, stochastic and hybrid methods. These methods are evaluated in terms of efficiency; calculation costs and accuracy. The coupling FE-optimization tool proved to be effective and essential to predict the behavior of the studied materials, especially for instrument indentation
Martinez, Noguera Félix. "Optimisation du serre flan et de son pilotage pour une amélioration de l 'écoulement du materiau en emboutissage." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2133.
Full textCarpentier, Alban. "Optimisation multi-niveaux de panneaux composites." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/234/.
Full textThe topic of these PhD is to size aeronautical composite panels by optimisation. They are made of stacking of carbon pre-preg plies. The goal is to find the minimal weight for the panel that satisfies strength constraints (damage tolerance, reparability and buckling) but also stacking sequence constraints. To sum-up, the goal is to find all stacking sequences of all different panel areas. This research has allowed to propose a multi-level methodology (4 steps). The first step is the panel thickness law optimisation by using an homogenised material and a gradient-based algorithm. The second step is the research of stacking sequence all over the panel with a fitted genetic algorithm. To perform that, a lay-up table that describes all stacking sequences is used. Then, the third and fourth step allow to adjust thickness law by taking into account the lay-up table issued from step 2. This methodology is applied to an industrial test case (A400M VTP). This application of the methodology allows to underline the performance of the methodology in terms of weight. But, it shows also the modularity of the methodology that is a benefit in industrial context
Cadoux, Florent. "Optimisation et analyse convexe pour la dynamique non-régulière." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440798.
Full textKhoury, Ibrahim. "Optimisation de la géométrie de l'outillage pour les procédés de forgeage." Troyes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TROY0012.
Full textIn the forging field, numerical simulation allows reducing the use of the experimental investigation and tests required in a real tryout process. In The LASMIS laboratory a finite element package has been developed to solve elasto-visco-plasticity problems with ductile damage in large deformation. In the optimisation of forming process, several research teams approached the optimization of performs. They don’t take into account the apparition of damage during the simulation of the forging process. The thesis objective is to identify the pertinent geometric parameters of axisymetric parts which allow the minimisation of the forging energy. The two major criteria’s are the correct filling and the absence of damage appearance. In this work, two automatic procedures are introduced to test the filling by comparing geometry of the rough forged and the machined one. Then a procedure has been set to localize if the damage occurs in zones that will be machined or in zones that are inside the machined forged part. Then, a semi automatic optimization method is described in order to study the effect of the geometric parameters on the forging energy with the constraint of maximal value of damage to be kept out of the final machined part. The originality of this work is the study of the effect of the geometrical parameters with technological significations on the forging energy and the appearance and the localization of the damage in the forged part
Michon, Sylvain. "Optimisation métallurgique et mécanique de superalliages base cobalt pour usage verrier à 1200°C." Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10003.
Full textPaulhe, Olivier. "Optimisation de la production des céramiques industrielles : analyse statistique du comportement mécanique et diélectrique." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECDL0002.
Full textThis study is conducted in collaboration with industrial ceramic producers of electrical insulators, or whiteware bodies. Some non-controlled damages, which occur during the industrial production, result in a significant increase of reject rates. Our objective has been to optimise the porcelain production by controlling its process and formulation. The reject analysis lets expect the polarisation energy stock rule. As a matter of fact, electrical properties as well as mechanical properties are related to the material capacity to trap electrical charges induced by process. Indeed, a brutal relaxation of accumulated energy can cause a mechanical rupture. Therefore, a protocol of mechanical 1 dielectrical and physico-chemical characterisations has been adjusted to classify the product in function of its ability to avoid mechanical ruptures of a catastrophic type. On the one hand, the Weibull model is used to measure the reliability of the product, in complement to the classical mechanical properties (flexure strength), and the physico-chemical analysis (RDX, density, fractography). On the other hand, recording the absorbed current during electron injection determinate the trapping dectrical charge capacity. Finally, a statistical analysis (discriminant analysis, cluster analysis) has allowed a classification of industrial porcelain products in function of mechanic or dielectric criteria (electrical charges trapping ability) and to compare them to the reject rate. The study of reject rates evolution during a whole year of production, for different compositions, leadsto ratifv the hvoothesis of charae traooina / detraooino durino the orocess of CERAMA nnrc~lain
Viallard, Isabelle. "Etude et optimisation du combustible à structure composite MgAl2O4/UO2 : élaboration et comportement mécanique." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0085.
Full textThe composite fuel material concept consisting of a spinel ceramic matrix (MgAl2O4) in which uranium dioxide fissile particles (UO2) are dispersed, is under consideration to perform a safer and more efficient fuel for the future, and is allowed to achieve higher burnups. Actually, the inert matrix stands for a barrier to the fission products recoil. The aim of this study consists in defining the optimal structural composite fuel properties in order to preserve the matrix integrity during irradiation. A model is designed to predict the thermomechanical composite behaviour in REP conditions. This model allows to define various composites with optimal features. These materials are manufactured and their mechanical properties are measured. Particularly, thermal gradient resistance tests are carried out on a specific device. It's turned out that the composite fuel materials, unlike the standard fuel, have a non-brittle mechanical behavior and preserve their integrity under thermomechanical stresses which are comparable to the stress intensity generated under the first operating cycle, in REP conditions. The best material includes microcracked particles which are strongly bonded to the matrix
Pierronnet, Michel. "Optimisation du traitement thermique superficiel d'aciers 20MC5 cémenté et 45M5 : étude métallurgique et mécanique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10476.
Full textPrudent, Olivier. "Modélisation et optimisation de sièges d'automobiles sur la base de critères ergonomiques." ENSMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP0976.
Full textBigand, Michel. "Générateur automatique de géométries admissibles en optimisation de forme." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066082.
Full textBoutin, Yanik. "Optimisation numérique de collecteurs de radiation solaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24973/24973.pdf.
Full textLocatelli, Jacqueline. "Optimisation des structures schématisées par éléments finis." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ESAE0001.
Full textJarrault, Pierre. "Optimisation des capacités de franchissement des robots mobiles hybrides "roues-pattes"." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066211.
Full textThe research presented in this thesis report focuses on the optimization of crossing capabilities for "wheel-legged" hybrid mobile robots. We consider that a robot is able to overcome an obstacle if he is able, for each geometric configuration of the contact points encountered during the crossing , to balance the external forces applied to it while maintaining contact adhesion. Our approach consist in using two features of poly-articulated robots in order to optimize the distribution of contact forces. Firstly, the actuation redundancy allows the application of internal forces. Secondly, the kinematic redundancy allows to change the CoM position, changing the set of possible solutions to the force distribution problem. The criterion used for the optimization measures the contacts stability robustness relatively to uncertainties in the force control. It was chosen based on a comparative analysis of different criteria used in the field of grasping. The resulting control algorithm allows for simultaneous control of both robot movements and contact forces. Experimental results on robot HyLoS 2 show that the algorithm allow for the crossing of an obstacle represented by a slope of 60\char6 with a height of 19 cm, while the wheels radius is only 7 cm
Leboeuf, Fabien. "Contribution à l’analyse dynamique et à la synthèse dynamique du mouvement humain." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2314.
Full textInverse dynamic analysis of human movement leds to joint coordination in terms of actuating torques. These parameters result to dynamic model witch recur either on Lagrange equations, or on Newton-Euler equations. The aim is to analyse the effect on output parameters of dynamic model create by disruption of teh input parameters. Thanks to comparative anaysis, we bring out the combination of data processing, anthropometric model and dynamic model with are the best to compute joint torques. The dynamic synthesis consists to generate an optimal movement by mimization of performance criterion. Our work wants to be a first approach in biomechanics because it recur on only on criterion : the minimization of joint actuating torques. The initial dynamic optimisation problem is recast as a parametric optimisation problem. Our application bring up the moving up phase of handstand. The generated movements are acceptable that we compare with a real movement
Giraud, Moreau Laurence. "Optimisation des systèmes mécaniques : couplage de méthodes déterministes et évolutionnaires par les problèmes en variables mixtes." Troyes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TROY0006.
Full textMinelli, Andrea. "Optimisation de forme aéro-acoustique d'un avion d'affaires supersonique." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00938396.
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