Journal articles: 'Optimisation de concepts multidisciplinaires'

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Kupper, Danièle, Jean-Paul Gallice, Denis Rentsch, Vincent Barthassat, Christine Cedraschi, and Stéphane Genevay. "Programmes multidisciplinaires et lombalgies chroniques : concepts et aspects pratiques." Kinésithérapie, la Revue 10, no. 102 (June 2010): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1779-0123(10)74858-0.

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Gallice, Jean-Paul, Danièle Kupper, Denis Rentsch, Vincent Barthassat, Christine Cedraschi, and Stéphane Genevay. "Programmes multidisciplinaires et lombalgies chroniques : concepts et aspects pratiques." Kinésithérapie, la Revue 10, no. 102 (June 2010): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1779-0123(10)74859-2.

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Steinke, Hetzer, and Demartines. "Stuhlinkontinenz: Abklärung, Behandlungskonzept und neue Therapieansätze." Praxis 91, no. 42 (October 1, 2002): 1733–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0369-8394.91.42.1733.

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L'incontinence des selles est un problème qui entraine un isolement social et dont la fréquence est sous-estimée parce que les patients n'en parlent que trop peu souvent. De nouvelles méthodes d'investigations multidisciplinaires, comme par exemple la défécographie par IRM, ont amélioré de façon considérable le diagnostic et ainsi que la connaissance pathophysiologique. Grâce à de nouveaux concepts thérapeutiques et de nouvelles techniques, il est souvent possible de guérir l'incontinence ou, au moins, d'en améliorer les symptômes de façon considérable. Des développements modernes comme par exemple la stimulation nerveuse sacrale ont ouvert de nouvelles voies thérapeutiques prometteuses. Ce travail présente une revue des causes, des étapes diagnostiques ainsi que des possibilités d'une approche conservatrice et chirurgicale de l'incontinence des selles.

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Bouvy, Claude, and Klaus Lucas. "Multicriterial optimisation of communal energy supply concepts." Energy Conversion and Management 48, no. 11 (November 2007): 2827–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2007.06.046.

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Jordan, V. Craig. "Optimisation of antioestrogen therapy: laboratory and clinical concepts." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 95 (1989): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026972700001071x.

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SynopsisTamoxifen, a non-steroidal antioestrogen, is the first line endocrine therapy for breast cancer. Laboratory studies during the past decade have provided valuable clues to understand the mode of action of tamoxifen so that the drug can be used to its best advantage in the clinic. Animal models (carcinogen-induced rat mammary carcinoma models, spontaneous mouse mammary tumours, and athymic mice inoculated with hormone-dependent human breast cancer cell lines) all demonstrate that tamoxifen is a tumouristatic agent and long-term or indefinite therapy is required to prevent the appearance of tumours. However, when treatment is stopped, tumours appear spontaneously or can be encouraged to re-appear with oestrogen therapy. These data clearly support the view that adjuvant clinical trials with tamoxifen should employ an indefinite treatment policy or at least until the time of treatment failure. Several clinical trials organisations in Great Britain (CRC and Scottish trial) have recruited a significant number of premenopausal patients. However, unlike postmenopausal patients, long-term tamoxifen therapy of premenopausal women often causes an increase in circulating oestrogen. Since tamoxifen has been shown to be a competitive inhibitor of oestrogen action, strategies to reduce ovarian steroidogenesis (oophorectomy or Zodalex®) may provide an optimal environment to sustain the long-term effectiveness of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy.

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Hancock, Kathleen L. "Freight transport and distribution: concepts and optimisation models." Transport Reviews 39, no. 4 (June 12, 2018): 555–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2018.1487476.

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Chauvin, N., R. J. M. Konings, and Hj Matzke. "Optimisation of inert matrix fuel concepts for americium transmutation." Journal of Nuclear Materials 274, no. 1-2 (August 1999): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3115(99)00078-1.

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Jin, S. L., D. Gruber, H. Harmuth, J. Soudier, P. Meunier, and H. Lemaistre. "Optimisation of monolithic lining concepts of channel induction furnace." International Journal of Cast Metals Research 27, no. 6 (April 14, 2014): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743133614y.0000000111.

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McDonald, Robert A., Brian J. German, T. Takahashi, C. Bil, W. Anemaat, A. Chaput, R. Vos, and N. Harrison. "Future aircraft concepts and design methods." Aeronautical Journal 126, no. 1295 (December 6, 2021): 92–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2021.110.

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AbstractWith an annual growth in travel demand of about 5% globally, managing the environmental impact is a challenge. In 2019, the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) issued emission reduction targets, including well-to-wake greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduced at least 50% from 2005 levels by 2050. This discusses several technologies from an aircraft design perspective that can contribute to achieving these targets. One thing is certain: aircraft will look different in the future. The Transonic Truss-Braced Wing and Flying V configurations are promising significant efficiency improvements over conventional configurations. Electric propulsion, in various architectures, is becoming a feasible option for general aviation and commuter aircraft. It will be a growing field of aviation with zero-emissions flight and opportunities for special missions. Lastly, this paper discusses methods and design processes that include all relevant disciplines to ensure that the aircraft is optimised as a complete system. While empirical methods are essential for initial design, Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation (MDO) incorporates models and simulations integrated in an optimisation environment to capture critical trade-offs. Concurrent design places domain experts in one site to facilitate collaboration, interaction, and joint decision-making, and to ensure all disciplines are equally considered. It is supported by a Collaborative Design Facility (CDF), an information technology facility with connected hardware and software tools for design analysis.

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Dattoma, V., M. De Giorgi, S. Giancane, P. Manco, and A. E. Morabito. "A parametric–associative modelling of aeronautical concepts for structural optimisation." Advances in Engineering Software 50 (August 2012): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2012.02.007.

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van den Dobbelsteen, Andy, and Sebastiaan de Wilde. "Space use optimisation and sustainability—environmental assessment of space use concepts." Journal of Environmental Management 73, no. 2 (November 2004): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.06.002.

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Debney, Peter. "An introduction to engineering optimisation methods." Structural Engineer 94, no. 3 (March 1, 2016): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.56330/yntl8336.

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Some engineering problems are simple, like linear analysis; others are difficult, like non-linear analysis; but there is a third group: those that are complex. Complex problems are those where there are many possible answers that have to be explored and assessed before a decision is made as to which is the best one. This article will discuss the principal concepts of design optimisation, then look at the various suitable techniques and make suggestions as to where they might be used by structural engineers. These methods include quasi-Newton, gradient, simulated annealing, Monte Carlo, genetic algorithms, particle swarms, neural networks, form-finding, and evolutionary topology optimisation. While the article will not be exhaustive (which would take several books), it will provide sufficient examples and typical formulas so that those interested can start to explore this fascinating subject

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Ladiges, G., N.-P. Bertram, and R. Otterpohl. "Concept development for the optimisation of the Hamburg Wastewater Treatment Plants." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 9 (May 1, 2000): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0177.

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The Hamburger Stadtentwässerung (HSE) is planning to take on a further approximately 250,000 PE in addition to the 1.85 m PE already served by its combined wastewater treatment plants at Köhlbrandhöft/Dradenau. To cope with the increased load, a concept for the extension of the plants had to be developed. Various concepts were compared and evaluated using a dynamic computer simulation. The very wide-ranging simulation study showed that the required effluent standards can still be achieved after the volume of the sludge liquor storage capacity has been increased. As many concepts had been assessed in detail, the final solution chosen was considerably less expensive than if the wastewater treatment plants had been extended in a traditional manner.

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Wang, Q., J. Chen, G. Fu, D. Duan, and H. Zhao. "A methodology for optimisation design and analysis of stratosphere airship." Aeronautical Journal 113, no. 1146 (August 2009): 533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000003183.

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Abstract This paper presents a methodology for studying the feasibility of stratosphere airship for high altitude long endurance missions and arriving at the baseline specifications of conventional configuration of stratosphere airship, given the performance and operational requirements. Based on this methodology, the AODAP platform (Airship Optimisation Design and Analysis Platform) was developed. Some innovative concepts used in AODAP that are different from previous methods and codes are presented. The shape optimisation of airship was introduced into the design process, and several optimum objectives can be selected including minimum drag, minimum weight and composite objective based on MDO (Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation). The methodology was validated for other design concepts previously developed for similar missions and also was compared to a low altitude vehicle. The baseline specifications of stratosphere airships designed for various shapes using this methodology are presented. The results of sensitivity analyses for a specified airship are discussed, and the sensitivity of airship length with some critical parameters including area density of envelope fabric, area density of solar cell, efficiency of solar cell and efficiency of fuel cell for the specified shape is also provided.

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Henderson, R. P., J. R. R. A. Martins, and R. E. Perez. "Aircraft conceptual design for optimal environmental performance." Aeronautical Journal 116, no. 1175 (January 2012): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000192400000659x.

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Abstract Consideration of the environmental impact of aircraft has become critical in commercial aviation. The continued growth of air traffic has caused increasing demands to reduce aircraft emissions, imposing new constraints on the design and development of future airplane concepts. In this paper, an aircraft design optimisation framework is used to design aircraft that minimise specific environmental metrics. Multidisciplinary design optimisation is used to optimise aircraft by simultaneously considering airframe, engine and mission. The environmental metrics considered in this investigation are CO2 emissions — which are proportional to fuel burn — and landing-takeoff NOx emissions. The results are compared to those of an aircraft with minimum direct operating cost. The design variables considered in the optimisation problems include aircraft geometry, engine parameters, and cruise settings. An augmented Lagrangian particle swarm optimiser and a genetic algorithm are used to solve the single objective and multi-objective optimisation problems, respectively.

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Gray, Justin S., and Joaquim R. R. A. Martins. "Coupled aeropropulsive design optimisation of a boundary-layer ingestion propulsor." Aeronautical Journal 123, no. 1259 (October 31, 2018): 121–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2018.120.

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AbstractAirframe–propulsion integration concepts that use boundary-layer ingestion (BLI) have the potential to reduce aircraft fuel burn. One concept that has been recently explored is NASA’s STARC-ABL aircraft configuration, which offers the potential for fuel burn reduction by using a turboelectric propulsion system with an aft-mounted electrically driven BLI propulsor. So far, attempts to quantify this potential fuel burn reduction have not considered the full coupling between the aerodynamic and propulsive performance. To address the need for a more careful quantification of the aeropropulsive benefit of the STARC-ABL concept, we run a series of design optimisations based on a fully coupled aeropropulsive model. A 1D thermodynamic cycle analysis is coupled to a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulation to model the aft propulsor at a cruise condition and the effects variation in propulsor design on overall performance. A series of design optimisation studies are performed to minimise the required cruise power, assuming different relative sizes of the BLI propulsor. The design variables consist of the fan pressure ratio, static pressure at the fan face, and 311 variables that control the shape of both the nacelle and the fuselage. The power required by the BLI propulsor is compared with a podded configuration. The results show that the BLI configuration offers 6–9% reduction in required power at cruise, depending on assumptions made about the efficiency of power transmission system between the under-wing engines and the aft propulsor. Additionally, the results indicate that the power transmission efficiency directly affects the relative size of the under-wing engines and the aft propulsor. This design optimisation, based on computational fluid dynamics, is shown to be essential to evaluate current BLI concepts and provides a powerful tool for the design of future concepts.

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Joseph, Dominic. "Estimating credit default probabilities using stochastic optimisation." Data Science in Finance and Economics 1, no. 3 (2021): 253–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/dsfe.2021014.

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<abstract> <p>Banks and financial institutions all over the world manage portfolios containing tens of thousands of customers. Not all customers are high credit-worthy, and many possess varying degrees of risk to the Bank or financial institutions that lend money to these customers. Hence assessment of default risk that is calibrated and reflective of actual credit risk is paramount in the field of credit risk management. This paper provides a detailed mathematical framework using the concepts of Binomial distribution and stochastic optimisation, in order to estimate the Probability of Default for credit ratings. The empirical results obtained from the study have been illustrated to have potential application value and perform better compared to other estimation models currently in practise.</p> </abstract>

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Kraume, M., U. Bracklow, M. Vocks, and A. Drews. "Nutrients removal in MBRs for municipal wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 6-7 (March 1, 2005): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0661.

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Owing to increasingly stringent effluent quality requirements, intensifications of the conventional activated sludge process (ASP) are required. Due to high biomass concentrations employed, higher metabolic rates and better nutrient removal are possible in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Decoupling of hydraulic and solids residence times offers additional possibilities for process design and optimisation. Recently, unconventional concepts like post-denitrification and enhanced biological phosphorus removal in MBRs have emerged. The objective of this paper is to present current knowledge on nutrients removal in MBRs and trends in process optimisation in comparison with conventional ASP.

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Hu, Qing-Jie, Jin-Bao Jian, Hai-Yan Zheng, and Chun-Ming Tang. "Semilocal E-convexity and semilocal E-convex programming." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 75, no. 1 (February 2007): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700038983.

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In this paper, a new type of generalised convexity—semilocal E-convexity is introduced by combining the concepts of the semi-E-convexity in X.S. Chen [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 275(2002), 251–262] and semilocal convexity in G.M. Ewing [SIAM. Rev. 19(1977), 202–220], and some of its basic characters are discussed. By utilising the new concepts, we derive some optimality conditions and establish some duality results for the inequality constrained optimisation problem.

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Taylor, Connor J., Alastair Baker, Michael R. Chapman, William R. Reynolds, Katherine E. Jolley, Graeme Clemens, Gill E. Smith, et al. "Flow chemistry for process optimisation using design of experiments." Journal of Flow Chemistry 11, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41981-020-00135-0.

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AbstractImplementing statistical training into undergraduate or postgraduate chemistry courses can provide high-impact learning experiences for students. However, the opportunity to reinforce this training with a combined laboratory practical can significantly enhance learning outcomes by providing a practical bolstering of the concepts. This paper outlines a flow chemistry laboratory practical for integrating design of experiments optimisation techniques into an organic chemistry laboratory session in which students construct a simple flow reactor and perform a structured series of experiments followed by computational processing and analysis of the results.

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Medishetty, Santhosh Kumar, and Ganesh Reddy K. "AGWO: Cost Aware Task Scheduling in Cloud Fog Environment Using Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm." International Journal of Experimental Research and Review 33 (September 30, 2023): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2023.v33spl.005.

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In IoT concepts, efficient approaches like cloud-fog computing are emerging, enhancing system benefits. The performance and output of such frameworks can be greatly improved by optimized scheduling of Internet of Things (IoT) task requests. This study presents a novel technique for scheduling Internet of Things requests in a cloud-fog environment, based on an adaption of ant grey wolf optimisation (AGWO). By combining the operators of ant colony optimisation (ACO) and grey wolf optimisation (GWO), AGWO aims to improve the speed and quality of ACO's solution discovery. The suggested AGWO approach is evaluated using numerous datasets of varying sizes, both synthetic and real-world. The effectiveness of AGWO is further investigated by comparing it to standard metaheuristic methods. The experimental results demonstrate that AGWO is superior to competing strategies in terms of makespan time and cost while resolving the task scheduling problem.

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Lipnizki, J., S. Casani, and G. Jonsson. "Optimisation of water savings and membrane processes." Water Supply 3, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2003): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0180.

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The Centre for Industrial Water Management is a co-operation between several technology service institutes, university institutes and water consuming companies in Denmark to promote concepts for cleaner production, water treatment and reduction of effluents in industrial production processes. This investigation focuses on two case studies from two of the industrial partners participating in this centre. The first case study is a texturiser of polyester yarn. Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis (RO) have been tested to clean the water streams from a dyeing bath and a reductive bath. It was shown that only the RO-process guaranteed a high rejection of salts under the process conditions. Furthermore, fouling could be analysed and reduced. The second case study is a manufacturer of functional proteins. An ultrafiltration system was used to concentrate the proteins from pig rind. It could be proved that the declining flux was caused by the adsorption of proteins on the membrane surface. To control fouling, a concept involving operation below the critical flux and a cleaning strategy is presented.

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Guha, A. "Optimisation of aero gas turbine engines." Aeronautical Journal 105, no. 1049 (July 2001): 345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000012264.

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Abstract A systematic methodology for the thermodynamic optimisation of civil bypass engines (turbofan or advanced propulsors) is presented, which would be useful for designing air-breathing engines based on “clean-sheet analysis”. The process starts with establishing an optimum specific thrust for the engine based on an economic analysis (installation constraints, noise regulations etc. also need to be considered). The task of the optimisation process is then to find the combination of optimum values of fan pressure ratio, overall pressure ratio, bypass ratio and turbine entry temperature concurrently that maximises overall efficiency at the fixed specific thrust. This procedure is quite different from the usual single-variable parametric performance studies which do not give proper optimum values and may involve large excursion in the value of the specific thrust unacceptable for a particular mission. Additionally, several, simple and explicit, analytical relations are derived here from fundamental principles, which perform well against numerical optimisation performed by a specialist computer program employing iterative and advanced search techniques. The analytical relations accelerate the optimisation process and offer physical insight. Present numerical computations with real gas properties have established new concepts in turbofan optimisation (for example, the existence of an optimum bypass ratio and optimum turbine entry temperature). The question of optimum jet velocity has been addressed. An analytical expression for the optimum jet velocity at a given bypass ratio has been derived which performs well against numerical optimisation results.

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Langenbucher, Achim, Nóra Szentmáry, Alan Cayless, Jascha Wendelstein, and Peter Hoffmann. "Strategies for formula constant optimisation for intraocular lens power calculation." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (May 5, 2022): e0267352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267352.

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Background To investigate modern nonlinear iterative strategies for formula constant optimisation and show the application and results from a large dataset using a set of disclosed theoretical-optical lens power calculation concepts. Methods Nonlinear iterative optimisation algorithms were implemented for optimising the root mean squared (SoSPE), the mean absolute (SoAPE), the mean (MPE), the standard deviation (SDPE), the median (MEDPE), as well as the 90% confidence interval (CLPE) of the prediction error (PE), defined as the difference between postoperative achieved and formula predicted spherical equivalent power of refraction. Optimisation was performed using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (SoSPE and SoAPE) or the interior point method (MPE, SDPE, MEDPE, CLPE) for the SRKT, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, Haigis, and Castrop formulae. The results were based on a dataset of measurements made on 888 eyes after implantation of an aspherical hydrophobic monofocal intraocular lens (Vivinex, Hoya). Results For all formulae and all optimisation metrics, the iterative algorithms showed a fast and stable convergence after a couple of iterations. The results prove that with optimisation for SoSPE, SoAPE, MPE, SDPE, MEDPE, and CLPE the root mean squared PE, mean absolute PE, mean PE, standard deviation of PE, median PE, and confidence interval of PE could be minimised in all situations. The results in terms of cumulative distribution function are quite coherent with optimisation for SoSPE, SoAPE, MPE and MEDPE, whereas with optimisation for SDPE and CLPE the standard deviation and confidence interval of the PE distribution could only be minimised at the cost of a systematic offset in mean and median PE. Conclusion Nonlinear iterative techniques are capable of minimising any statistical metrics (e.g. root mean squared or mean absolute error) of any target parameter (e.g. PE). These optimisation strategies are an important step towards optimising for the target parameters which are used for evaluating the performance of lens power calculation formulae.

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R., Gohilai, and Prashanth K. "Artificial Intelligence Based MPPT Techniques of Photo Voltaic System." International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering 10, no. 07 (July 31, 2023): 518–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26562/ijirae.2023.v1007.13.

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In this paper, Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) investigates the global optimal solution by taking advantage of the memory of the particle and the swarm. PSO has evolved into one of the most significant Swam Intelligence techniques and Evolutionary Computation algorithms due to its characteristics of low constraint on the continuity of goal function and joint of search space, and capacity to adapt to dynamic environments. The development of algorithms over the years is then discussed, along with applications in multi-objective optimisation, neural networks, electronics, etc. The remaining issues and potential prospects for PSO research are then examined. One of the concepts of swarm intelligence introduced in the field of computing and artificial intelligence is particle swarm optimisation (PSO). PSO is a novel collective and distributed intelligent paradigm for problem solving, primarily in the field of optimisation, without centralized control or the provision of a global model. In this work, the basic PSO, its improvements, its applications to various systems, including electric power systems, and its premature convergence as well as its combination with other intelligent algorithms to enhance search capacity and shorten the time required to exit local optimums are all thoroughly reviewed.

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Ladiges, Gösta, Christian Günner, and Ralf Otterpohl. "Optimisation of the Hamburg wastewater treatment plants by dynamic simulation." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 4 (February 1, 1999): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0187.

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At present the combined wastewater treatment plants Köhlbrandhöft/Dradenau serve approx. 1.85m PE for the treatment of Hamburg wastewater. It is planned to add a further 250,000 PE and therefore it is necessary to carry out optimisation measures. With the help of an extensive project for dynamic simulation, the necessary comparative tests were carried out. Various variants for the optimisation were tested and compared on the basis of 14-day and annual hydrographs. The results show clear differences in the performance of the variants. The dynamic simulation was able to provide very useful results on the basis of which decisions have been made on the most suitable measures to be taken in practice. During work on the project the creation of a project team consisting of representatives from the works (planning and operational staff) and the simulation expert, who cooperated intensively in working on the ideas and concepts, proved invaluable. It meant that wide-ranging possibilities for optimisation were tried out and plausible results achieved.

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Khalfi, Souheila, Fabio Caraffini, and Giovanni Iacca. "Metaheuristics in the Balance: A Survey on Memory-Saving Approaches for Platforms with Seriously Limited Resources." International Journal of Intelligent Systems 2023 (November 4, 2023): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5708085.

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In the last three decades, the field of computational intelligence has seen a profusion of population-based metaheuristics applied to a variety of problems, where they achieved state-of-the-art results. This remarkable growth has been fuelled and, to some extent, exacerbated by various sources of inspiration and working philosophies, which have been thoroughly reviewed in several recent survey papers. However, the present survey addresses an important gap in the literature. Here, we reflect on a systematic categorisation of what we call “lightweight” metaheuristics, i.e., optimisation algorithms characterised by purposely limited memory and computational requirements. We focus mainly on two classes of lightweight algorithms: single-solution metaheuristics and “compact” optimisation algorithms. Our analysis is mostly focused on single-objective continuous optimisation. We provide an updated and unified view of the most important achievements in the field of lightweight metaheuristics, background concepts, and most important applications. We then discuss the implications of these algorithms and the main open questions and suggest future research directions.

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Cruz-Duarte, Jorge M., José C. Ortiz-Bayliss, Ivan Amaya, and Nelishia Pillay. "Global Optimisation through Hyper-Heuristics: Unfolding Population-Based Metaheuristics." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 18, 2021): 5620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125620.

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Optimisation has been with us since before the first humans opened their eyes to natural phenomena that inspire technological progress. Nowadays, it is quite hard to find a solver from the overpopulation of metaheuristics that properly deals with a given problem. This is even considered an additional problem. In this work, we propose a heuristic-based solver model for continuous optimisation problems by extending the existing concepts present in the literature. We name such solvers ‘unfolded’ metaheuristics (uMHs) since they comprise a heterogeneous sequence of simple heuristics obtained from delegating the control operator in the standard metaheuristic scheme to a high-level strategy. Therefore, we tackle the Metaheuristic Composition Optimisation Problem by tailoring a particular uMH that deals with a specific application. We prove the feasibility of this model via a two-fold experiment employing several continuous optimisation problems and a collection of diverse population-based operators with fixed dimensions from ten well-known metaheuristics in the literature. As a high-level strategy, we utilised a hyper-heuristic based on Simulated Annealing. Results demonstrate that our proposed approach represents a very reliable alternative with a low computational cost for tackling continuous optimisation problems with a tailored metaheuristic using a set of agents. We also study the implication of several parameters involved in the uMH model and their influence over the solver performance.

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Susantez, Çiğdem, and Aldélio Bueno Caldeira. "Genetic Algorithm Optimisation of a TNT Solidification Model." Defence Science Journal 69, no. 6 (December 16, 2019): 545–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.69.14037.

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The control of the solidification process of energetic materials is important to prevent manufacturing defects in high explosive ammunitions. The present work aims to propose an optimisation procedure to determine the value of the model parameter, avoiding the traditional trial and error approach. In this work, the solidification of TNT has been numerically modelled employing apparent heat capacity method and the model parameter was optimised using genetic algorithm. One dimensional numerical model has been solved in Comsol Multiphysics Modeling Software and the genetic algorithm code was written in Matlab. The Neumann’s analytical solution of the solidification front was used as a reference to build the fitness function, following the inverse problems concepts. The optimum model parameter has been predicted after 20 generations and among 30 candidate solutions for each generation. The numerical solution performed with the optimised model parameter has agreed with the analytical solution, indicating the feasibility of the proposed procedure. The discrepancy was 3.8 per cent when maximum difference between analytical and numerical solutions was observed.

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Klein, Sheri R. "Moving Toward Third-Space: Reflections on the Tensions with/in Qualitative Research / Vers le troisième espace : réflexions sur les tensions en recherche qualitative." Canadian Review of Art Education / Revue canadienne d’éducation artistique 46, no. 1 (January 29, 2019): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/crae.v46i1.60.

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Abstract: This reflective essay examines some of the dialectical tensions that can emerge within qualitative research and that can result in internal and external conflicts and a wide range of emotions and feelings for researchers. It is important to notice and examine these tensions as many art educators use qualitative research methods. Subsequently, more attention is needed to recognizing research as an emotional, and conflicted journey. The Japanese aesthetic of wabi-sabi and paradox theory offers applicable insights into the qualitative research process. Approaches to ‘qualitative thinking’ and artistic and contemplative methods are explored with the aim of reflexivity and disrupting dialectical thinking in qualitative research.Keywords: Qualitative research; Dialectical tensions; Third Space; Rhizomatic thinking. Résumé : Ce compte rendu réflexif se penche sur certaines des tensions dialectiques susceptibles d’apparaître en recherche qualitative, de mener à des conflits internes et externes et de susciter chez le chercheur une vaste gamme d’émotions et de sentiments. Il importe de prendre note de ces tensions et de s’y attarder car de nombreux éducateurs emploient concepts et méthodes de recherche qualitative. Il faut par conséquent se préoccuper davantage de la recherche qualitative en tant que processus émotionnel et souvent conflictuel. Cette enquête se base sur les travaux de chercheurs multidisciplinaires selon lesquels le concept « d’entre-deux » et de « troisième espace » perturbe fondamentalement la pensée binaire. D’autres stratégies sont par ailleurs introduites pour appuyer la pensée rationnelle dans le domaine de la recherche qualitative et la création de cultures de recherche rhizomatiques.Mots-clés : recherche qualitative, tensions dialectiques, troisième espace, pensée rhizomatique.

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López Ospina, Héctor Andrés, and Mauricio Restrepo López. "Flexible linear programming with fuzzy constraints." Ingeniería e Investigación 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n1.14884.

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The present work shows the basic concepts underlying flexible linear programming or linear programming with fuzzy constraints. The literature often presents this methodology related to inequality constraints. This works deals with a methodology for box and equality constrains; it shows how this type of problem is similar to parametric optimisation. Two examples are given to show the advantage of using this methodology.

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Raykova, Mariyana, and Stoyan Boev. "Teaching Programming Through The "Modular Arithmetic" Math Project." Serdica Journal of Computing 14, no. 1-2 (October 12, 2021): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/sjc.2020.14.13-26.

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Project-based approach was integrated into the Computer science programme at New Bulgarian University to enhance the learning process for first year students. A multidisciplinary project based on main concepts of Programming and Discrete mathematics was designed and developed. The concepts and relations between them were presented by concepts maps and the tasks were ordered according to revised Bloom's taxonomy. So it became possible to evaluate the cognitive learning levels of the students from simple remembering of information to analyzing and creating, to improve the self-learning skills, the ability to search for new information, working in teams and communication skills. The students had the opportunity to apply algorithms related to different data structures, memory and time optimisation that are used in the business and to integrate different programming technologies in a project.

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Georgiev, Dobrik, Pietro Barbiero, Dmitry Kazhdan, Petar Veličković, and Pietro Lió. "Algorithmic Concept-Based Explainable Reasoning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 6 (June 28, 2022): 6685–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i6.20623.

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Recent research on graph neural network (GNN) models successfully applied GNNs to classical graph algorithms and combinatorial optimisation problems. This has numerous benefits, such as allowing applications of algorithms when preconditions are not satisfied, or reusing learned models when sufficient training data is not available or can't be generated. Unfortunately, a key hindrance of these approaches is their lack of explainability, since GNNs are black-box models that cannot be interpreted directly. In this work, we address this limitation by applying existing work on concept-based explanations to GNN models. We introduce concept-bottleneck GNNs, which rely on a modification to the GNN readout mechanism. Using three case studies we demonstrate that: (i) our proposed model is capable of accurately learning concepts and extracting propositional formulas based on the learned concepts for each target class; (ii) our concept-based GNN models achieve comparative performance with state-of-the-art models; (iii) we can derive global graph concepts, without explicitly providing any supervision on graph-level concepts.

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Merklein, Marion, Maren Johannes, M. Biasutti, and Michael Lechner. "Numerical Optimisation of a Shear Specimen Geometry According to ASTM." Key Engineering Materials 549 (April 2013): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.549.317.

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Complex material models used for the numerical representation of forming processes need in addition to tension and compression tests also shear tests to completely analyse the behaviour of the material under different loading conditions. There are two concepts of shear test one uses symmetrical specimens with two shear zones (according to Miyauchi) the other one specimens with a single shear zone. In both cases, a homogeneous distribution of the strain in the shear zone is essential for the validity of the shear test. Therefore, the length and width of the shear zone in a single shear specimen made from high strength steel according to the ASTM standard geometry were varied. Analysing the resulting strain distribution numerically an optimised sample geometry with a more uniform strain distribution than the ASTM standard was achieved. The numerical results were also validated with experimental shear tests.

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Heaton, Janet, Nicky Britten, Janet Krska, and Joanne Reeve. "Person-centred medicines optimisation policy in England: an agenda for research on polypharmacy." Primary Health Care Research & Development 18, no. 01 (June 16, 2016): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1463423616000207.

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AimTo examine how patient perspectives and person-centred care values have been represented in documents on medicines optimisation policy in England.BackgroundThere has been growing support in England for a policy of medicines optimisation as a response to the rise of problematic polypharmacy. Conceptually, medicines optimisation differs from the medicines management model of prescribing in being based around the patient rather than processes and systems. This critical examination of current official and independent policy documents questions how central the patient is in them and whether relevant evidence has been utilised in their development.MethodsA documentary analysis of reports on medicines optimisation published by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society (RPS), The King’s Fund and National Institute for Health and Social Care Excellence since 2013. The analysis draws on a non-systematic review of research on patient experiences of using medicines.FindingsThe reports varied in their inclusion of patient perspectives and person-centred care values, and in the extent to which they drew on evidence from research on patients’ experiences of polypharmacy and medicines use. In the RPS report, medicines optimisation is represented as being a ‘step change’ from medicines management, in contrast to the other documents which suggest that it is facilitated by the systems and processes that comprise the latter model. Only The King’s Fund report considered evidence from qualitative studies of people’s use of medicines. However, these studies are not without their limitations.We suggest five ways in which researchers could improve this evidence base and so inform the development of future policy: by facilitating reviews of existing research; conducting studies of patient experiences of polypharmacy and multimorbidity; evaluating medicines optimisation interventions; making better use of relevant theories, concepts and tools; and improving patient and public involvement in research and in guideline development.

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Deda, Denner, Murillo Vetroni Barros, Constança Rigueiro, and Margarida Ribau Teixeira. "From Linear to Circular Ideas: An Educational Contest." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 7, 2022): 11207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811207.

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This work proposes a framework with which to analyse Higher Education Institution (HEI) students’ knowledge and understanding of circular economy (CE) concepts and the potential of the CE to promote sustainability, using a contest. The framework integrates CE principles and business models with sustainable indicators, and it was applied to the accepted projects by the contest jury. The contest was launched in 2021 by the CE Working Group of the Portuguese Sustainable Campus Network to encourage creativity and the development of CE projects at HEIs. HEIs can play an essential role in promoting environmental education and creating partners with new visions for society and the economy concerning sustainability, developing knowledge, values, attitudes, and behaviours regarding the CE. The projects were mostly based on the recovery of secondary raw materials/by-products, the CE business model, and the CE principle of value optimisation. In addition, a strong relationship with environmental indicators was observed, but social and economic indicators of the CE were only marginally considered by the students. Therefore, students considered the CE as mostly mainly being related to product recovery/optimisation; thus, the CE concepts and principles and their relationship to sustainability implementation require reinforcement and transversal approaches to increase this knowledge and its dissemination.

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Małecka, Joanna. "Financial Motivational Factors Supporting the Optimisation Process." Journal of Intercultural Management 15, no. 3 (September 1, 2023): 78–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/joim-2023-0012.

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Abstract Objective The research objective of the paper is to present the results of an analysis of financial motivational factors supporting the optimisation process in the implementation of Lean Management concepts on the example of a selected manufacturing company. Methodology To verify the studied issue, a survey was conducted on the relationship of the influence of financial motivation on the reporting of Kaizen requests among the employees of a manufacturing company apart on two groups of employees, that is, two groups of respondents: GI N=158 2022 and GII N=137 2023, using a five-point Likert scale. The paper draws on Lean Management and Kaizen literature, academic articles, online sources, analyses of data from 2020–2023 obtained from the analysed company, and empirical results. Mathematical analysis tools were used to describe the research results obtained, allowing for the construction of summaries and the creation of presented conclusions. An estimation model was also developed to allow managers to evaluate existing motivational factors. Findings The research identified a gap resulting from the communication and information flow process operating within the company. A 4 percentage points increase in the effectiveness of the activities carried out, with a 62% level of non-involvement, was observed, indicating the low attractiveness of the current financial motivation factors as a tool to support optimisation processes in the surveyed company. Value Added By carrying out the research, valuable and practical information was obtained, which has been used by company managers to take measures to increase employee motivation and the impact of the financial motivation factor operating within the company to support optimisation processes. Recommendations The current bonus system in terms of financial incentives to support optimisation processes is at an unsatisfactory level for employees. The scoring of applications should be evaluated or the financial value per model evaluation point should be increased.

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Morrell, Benjamin J., David J. Munk, Gareth A. Vio, and Dries Verstraete. "Development of a Hypersonic Aircraft Design Optimization Tool." Applied Mechanics and Materials 553 (May 2014): 847–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.553.847.

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The design and optimization of hypersonic aircraft is severely impacted by the high temperatures encountered during flight as they can lead to high thermal stresses and a significant reduction in material strength and stiffness. This reduction in rigidity of the structure requires innovative structural concepts and a stronger focus on aeroelastic deformations in the early design and optimisation of the aircraft structure. This imposes the need for a closer coupling of the aerodynamic and structural design tools than is current practice. The paper presents the development of a multi-disciplinary, closely coupled optimisation suite for hypersonic aircraft. An overview of the setup and structure of the optimization suite is given and the integration between the Tranair solver, used to determine the aerodynamic loads and temperatures, and MSC/NASTRAN, used for the structural sizing and design, will be given.

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Guérin, S., R. Schnell, and R. G. Becker. "Performance prediction and progress towards multi-disciplinary design of contra-rotating open rotors." Aeronautical Journal 118, no. 1208 (October 2014): 1159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000009830.

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Abstract At DLR’s Institute of Propulsion Technology, the prediction tools and multi-disciplinary optimisation strategies developed for turbofan engines have been extended to contra-rotating open rotors (CROR). Thereby the objective has been to appraise and improve the performance of CROR engines and thus to reduce their environmental impact. The present paper reviews the intermediate progress achieved in this scope. The prediction is based on analytical and CFD methods and covers the fields of engine performance analysis, aerodynamics and acoustics. The aerodynamic and acoustic results could be partly validated through the comparison to experimental data obtained from wind-tunnel tests. In a multi-disciplinary approach the aforementioned aspects are optimised together. First results of an aero-acoustic optimisation are presented. Furthermore this paper undertakes some comparison between high-bypass ratio turbofan engines and open-rotor concepts.

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Middleton, Robert M., Alexander G. Marfin, Abtin Alvand, and Andrew J. Price. "Enhanced recovery programmes in knee arthroplasty: current concepts." Journal of ISAKOS: Joint Disorders & Orthopaedic Sports Medicine 3, no. 5 (August 10, 2018): 282–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jisakos-2018-000218.

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The concept of a multimodal approach to improve the care of surgical patients was first proposed by Kehlet in the 1990s. Measures to optimise the surgical patient, and minimise perioperative stresses, aimed to improve postoperative outcomes. Although originally introduced in colorectal surgery, these ‘enhanced recovery programmes’ have now seen widespread uptake in multiple surgical specialities, including orthopaedics. Patients undergoing knee arthroplasty are well suited to an enhanced recovery approach. These programmes optimise the patient at each stage of the surgical journey, including preoperative optimisation of fitness, perioperative anaesthetic and surgical techniques and finally postoperative rehabilitation and discharge plans. The available evidence supports a number of improvements after programme introduction, including shorter length of stay, morbidity and economics. However, the impact on other outcomes is less clear. One of the issues in the field is a lack of consensus on what interventions an enhanced recovery programme should contain and the specifics of these interventions. As a result, individual units develop their own programmes, making the interpretation and comparison of their impact difficult. This article discusses interventions that could be considered for inclusion in an enhanced recovery programme for knee arthroplasty.

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Graf, Frank. "STOREandGO, Innovative large-scale energy STOragE technologies AND Power-to-Gas concepts after Optimisation, H2020." Impact 2018, no. 1 (March 20, 2018): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2018.81.

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Zheglova, Yu G., and B. P. Titarenko. "METHOD FOR EVALUATING EXCAVATION SHORING DESIGN CONCEPTS." Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences 47, no. 1 (April 21, 2020): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2020-47-1-86-92.

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Abstract. Aim.When conducting engineering and geological surveys at the conceptual stage of the feasibility study, it is necessary to create an automated system that allows the designer to take all possible factors into account and choose the most optimal design solution for the shoring of excavations.Method. The study is based on dynamic programming methods based on the principle of Bellman optimality. Logical convolution matrices are applied according to the dichotomy method.Results. As a result of the logical convolution of the aggregated criteria of the environmental parameters K12 along with the parameters of the surrounding buildings K34, a comprehensive assessment of the design solution for a foundation shoring fence is obtained such as to ensure the technical characteristics and safety of the development zone. However, a considerable influence on the choice of the design solution for the building envelope is exerted by the cost of its construction. Therefore, the indicator of a comprehensive assessment of the shoring fence considering the economic efficiency of the KOE is obtained by combining the indicator of a comprehensive assessment of the foundation shoring fence KO with the criterion of economic efficiency of the design decision K5.Conclusion. The analysis of methods for solving optimisation problems demonstrates that the method of complex estimates based on the theory of active systems is optimal for the task of evaluating design solutions for foundation shoring fences.

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Spagni, A., S. Marsili-Libelli, and M. C. Lavagnolo. "Optimisation of sanitary landfill leachate treatment in a sequencing batch reactor." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 2 (August 1, 2008): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.399.

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A bench-scale SBR was operated for almost three years in an attempt to optimise the treatment of leachates generated in old landfill. The results of the first two years were used to design a monitoring and control system based on artificial intelligence concepts. Nitrogen removal was optimized via the nitrite shortcut. Nitrification and N removal were usually higher than 98% and 90%, respectively, whereas COD (of the leachate) removal was approximately 30–40%. The monitoring and control system was demonstrated capable of optimizing process operation, in terms of phase length and external COD addition, to the varying loading conditions. Using the control system developed, a significant improvement of the process was obtained: COD and N load were increased (HRT decrease) and a significant decrease (approximately 34%) of the ratio of COD added to N leachate content was observed.

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Irvine, J. T. S. "A perspective on liquid salts for energy and materials." Faraday Discussions 190 (2016): 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fd00173d.

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Liquid salts comprising molten salts and ionic liquids offer important media to address both energy and materials challenges. Here we review topics presented in this Faraday Discussion volume related to improved electrowinning of metals, optimisation of processes, new electrochemical device concepts, chemistry in ionic liquids, conversion of biomass, carbon chemistry and nuclear applications. The underlying phenomenology is then reviewed and commentary given. Some future applications are then discussed, further exemplifying the high potential rewards achievable from these chemistries.

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Langenbucher, Achim, Nóra Szentmáry, Alan Cayless, Jascha Wendelstein, and Peter Hoffmann. "Formula constant optimisation techniques including variation of keratometer or corneal refractive index and consideration for classical and modern IOL formulae." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (February 24, 2023): e0282213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282213.

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Background To investigate whether variation of the keratometer/corneal refractive index nK/nC improves the performance (prediction error PE) of classical and a modern intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formula and further, to establish whether any trend error of PE for corneal radius R could be eliminated using formula constant and nK/nC optimisation. Methods Based on 2 large datasets (1: N = 888 Hoya Vivinex aberration-correcting and 2: N = 822 Alcon SA60AT spherical lens) a classical formula constant optimisation has been performed for the Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, Haigis and Castrop formulae, to minimise the root mean squared (rms) PE (situation A). In two further optimisations, the formula constants and the formula specific nK/nC value were optimised to minimise the rms PE (situation B) or rms PE and trend error of PE for R (situation C). Nonlinear iterative optimisation strategy was applied according to Levenberg-Marquardt. Results Optimising for rms PE and trend error (C) mainly improved the performance of the Holladay 1. The Haigis formula also showed a slight improvement compared to (A). The Hoffer Q formula shows no relevant trend error of PE for R. In contrast, the Holladay shows a positive and the Haigis (and the Castrop a slight) negative trend error of PE for R. The trend error could be fully eliminated by optimising formula constants and nK/nC in (B), but this was at the cost of overall performance in the case of the Holladay 1 formula. Conclusion Classical IOL calculation concepts should be critically examined for potential improvement of formula performance by variation of the empirical nK/nC value defined in the formula. With additional degrees of freedom additional optimisation terms such as trend errors might be considered in new intelligent optimisation strategies.

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Fielding, Ben, and Li Zhang. "Evolving Deep DenseBlock Architecture Ensembles for Image Classification." Electronics 9, no. 11 (November 9, 2020): 1880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111880.

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Automatic deep architecture generation is a challenging task, owing to the large number of controlling parameters inherent in the construction of deep networks. The combination of these parameters leads to the creation of large, complex search spaces that are feasibly impossible to properly navigate without a huge amount of resources for parallelisation. To deal with such challenges, in this research we propose a Swarm Optimised DenseBlock Architecture Ensemble (SODBAE) method, a joint optimisation and training process that explores a constrained search space over a skeleton DenseBlock Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture. Specifically, we employ novel weight inheritance learning mechanisms, a DenseBlock skeleton architecture, as well as adaptive Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) with cosine search coefficients to devise networks whilst maintaining practical computational costs. Moreover, the architecture design takes advantage of recent advancements of the concepts of residual connections and dense connectivity, in order to yield CNN models with a much wider variety of structural variations. The proposed weight inheritance learning schemes perform joint optimisation and training of the architectures to reduce the computational costs. Being evaluated using the CIFAR-10 dataset, the proposed model shows great superiority in classification performance over other state-of-the-art methods while illustrating a greater versatility in architecture generation.

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Despotova, Desislava, Petko Kiriazov, and Stefan Karastanev. "Efficient control of mechatronic systems in dynamic motion tasks." MATEC Web of Conferences 145 (2018): 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814504001.

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Robots and powered exoskeletons have often complex and non-linear dynamics due to friction, elasticity, and changing load. The proposed study addresses various-type robots that have to perform dynamic point-to-point motion tasks (PTPMT). The performance demands are for faster motion, higher positioning accuracy, and lower energy consumption. With given motion task, it is of primary importance to study the structure and controllability of the corresponding controlled system. The following natural decentralized controllability condition is assumed: the signs of any control input and the corresponding output (the acceleration) are the same, at least when the control input is at its maximum absolute value. Then we find explicit necessary and sufficient conditions on the control transfer matrix that can guarantee robust controllability in the face of arbitrary, but bounded disturbances. Further on, we propose a generic optimisation approach for control learning synthesis of various type robotic systems in PTPMT. Our procedure for iterative learning control (LC) has the following main steps: (1) choose a set of appropriate test control functions; (2) define the most relevant input-output pairs; and (3) solve shooting equations and perform control parameter optimisation. We will give several examples to explain our controllability and optimisation concepts.

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Guzzi, Francesco, George Kourousias, Alessandra Gianoncelli, Fulvio Billè, and Sergio Carrato. "A Parameter Refinement Method for Ptychography Based on Deep Learning Concepts." Condensed Matter 6, no. 4 (October 14, 2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat6040036.

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X-ray ptychography is an advanced computational microscopy technique, which is delivering exceptionally detailed quantitative imaging of biological and nanotechnology specimens, which can be used for high-precision X-ray measurements. However, coarse parametrisation in propagation distance, position errors and partial coherence frequently threaten the experimental viability. In this work, we formally introduce these actors, solving the whole reconstruction as an optimisation problem. A modern deep learning framework was used to autonomously correct the setup incoherences, thus improving the quality of a ptychography reconstruction. Automatic procedures are indeed crucial to reduce the time for a reliable analysis, which has a significant impact on all the fields that use this kind of microscopy. We implemented our algorithm in our software framework, SciComPty, releasing it as open-source. We tested our system on both synthetic datasets, as well as on real data acquired at the TwinMic beamline of the Elettra synchrotron facility.

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Erbug, Cigdem. "Ergonomics and Design: Projections for the Future." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 38 (July 2000): 791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004403829.

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Discussions on the role of design in the post-industrial society, creates new definitions for design. In order to avoid placing a burden on the environment, designing is faced with a new context. In this context design supports long-term use, shared use, reuse, optimisation of useability and many other concepts related with environmental concerns and ethical attitude. It is evident that all these concepts require a new strategy for design where creating value and more human-centred products gain importance. This approach brings new organisations in product life cycle, because believing in these values most of the designers and manufacturers may agree on the new motto for design “less but better”. Therefore a comprehensive strategy is necessary for the communication of ergonomics experts and designers in the near future.

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Cruz-Duarte, Jorge M., José C. Ortiz-Bayliss, Iván Amaya, Yong Shi, Hugo Terashima-Marín, and Nelishia Pillay. "Towards a Generalised Metaheuristic Model for Continuous Optimisation Problems." Mathematics 8, no. 11 (November 17, 2020): 2046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8112046.

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Metaheuristics have become a widely used approach for solving a variety of practical problems. The literature is full of diverse metaheuristics based on outstanding ideas and with proven excellent capabilities. Nonetheless, oftentimes metaheuristics claim novelty when they are just recombining elements from other methods. Hence, the need for a standard metaheuristic model is vital to stop the current frenetic tendency of proposing methods chiefly based on their inspirational source. This work introduces a first step to a generalised and mathematically formal metaheuristic model, which can be used for studying and improving them. This model is based on a scheme of simple heuristics, which perform as building blocks that can be modified depending on the application. For this purpose, we define and detail all components and concepts of a metaheuristic (i.e., its search operators), such as heuristics. Furthermore, we also provide some ideas to take into account for exploring other search operator configurations in the future. To illustrate the proposed model, we analyse search operators from four well-known metaheuristics employed in continuous optimisation problems as a proof-of-concept. From them, we derive 20 different approaches and use them for solving some benchmark functions with different landscapes. Data show the remarkable capability of our methodology for building metaheuristics and detecting which operator to choose depending on the problem to solve. Moreover, we outline and discuss several future extensions of this model to various problem and solver domains.

Journal articles on the topic 'Optimisation de concepts multidisciplinaires'

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