Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Optimisation combinatoire et linéaire'
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Ben, Messaoud Saïd. "Caractérisation, modélisation et algorithmes pour des problèmes de découpe guillotine." Troyes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TROY0006.
Full textThis thesis focuses on a two-dimensional cutting stock problem where guillotine constraint is required. Despite the fact that guillotine constraint was introduced at the very beginning of the cutting stock and bin packing research, no mathematical definition has been given. Then the purpose of the thesis is to characterize and model the guillotine constraint and to propose efficient algorithms to solve variants of the two-dimensional cutting stock. We first give a necessary and sufficient condition for a cutting pattern to be guillotine. And consequently we propose a polynomial algorithm to check this condition for any given pattern. Then we give a linear program that describes explicitly the guillotine constraint by means of the previous condition. Thereafter, we are interested in strip packing problem which consists of packing rectangular items of predetermined sizes into a strip of fixed width and infinite height. The aim is to find cutting pattern that minimizes the total height used and where guillotine constraint is required. Two constructive heuristics are proposed and tested on a great number of instances. The originality lies in the way of filling the shelves and of determining their heights. In the last part, we deal with a variant of the two-dimensional cutting stock, in which, we have an infinite number of rectangular sheets of raw material having identical width. The aim is to cut off a given set of items while minimizing the waste. One of the heuristics proposed previously was generalized and tested on a great number of instances
Hamiez, Jean-Philippe. "Coloration de graphes et planification de rencontres sportives : heuristiques, algorithmes et analyses." Angers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ANGE0053.
Full textLétocart, Lucas. "Problèmes de multicoupe et de multiflot en nombres entiers." Paris, CNAM, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CNAM0430.
Full textThe object of this work is to study and to solve combinatorial optimization problems in graphs : maximum integral multiflow and minimum multicut problems, and some subproblems, as the multiterminal cut and flow, the unspittable flow, the multipath and the edge disjoint path problems are polynomial in directed trees and we propose a polynomial algorithm to solve both problems in rooted trees. We use linear programming and semi-definite programming in a branch and bound algorithm in order to solve the NP-hard minimum multicut problem in undirected trees. We propose also polynomial algorithms for the multiterminal cut and flow problems and for the minimum multicut problem in rings
Przybylski, Anthony. "Méthode en deux phases pour la résolution exacte de problèmes d'optimisation combinatoire comportant plusieurs objectifs : nouveaux développements et application au problème d'affectation linéaire." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2123.
Full textThe purpose of this work is the exact solution of multi-objective combinatorial optimisation problems with the two phase method. For this, we use assignment problem as a support for our investigations. The two phase method is a general solving scheme that has been popularized by Ulungu in 1993. The main idea of this method is to exploit the specific structure of combinatorial optimisation problems in a multi-objective context. It has been applied to a number of problems, with a limitation on the bi-objective case. We present improvements in this method and in its application to the bi-objective assignment problem. In particular, we propose improved upper bounds and the use of a ranking algorithm as main routine in the second phase of the method. We propose next a generalisation of this method to the multi-objective case, done in two steps. For the first phase, we analyse the weight set decomposition in correspondance with the nondominated extreme points. This allows us to highlight a geometric notion of adjacency between these points and an optimality condition on their enumeration. The second phase consists in the definition and the exploration of the area inside of which enumerations are required to finalize the resolution to the problem. Our solution is based primarily on an appropriate description of this area, that allows to explore it by analogy with the bi-objective case. It is therefore possible to reuse a strategy developped for this case. Experimental results on three-objective assignment problem show the efficiency of the method
Gioan, Emeric. "Correspondance naturelle entre bases et réorientations des matroïdes orientés." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12641.
Full textLalande, Jean-François. "Conception de réseaux de télécommunications : optimisation et expérimentations." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008012.
Full textLa première partie débute par la présentation des réseaux optiques WDM. Nous abordons ensuite les modèles pour les réseaux optiques et satellitaires et proposons des méthodes algorithmiques nouvelles pour optimiser l'allocation des ressources de ces réseaux. Nous traitons ainsi le problème du routage, du groupage et de la protection des réseaux WDM successivement dans trois chapitres puis nous nous intéressons à un algorithme dédié à l'allocation de fréquences dans les réseaux satellitaires. Enfin, pour chaque problème, nous présentons des résultats expérimentaux sur des instances de réseaux réels.
La deuxième partie de cette thèse présente les développements logiciels qui ont été entrepris. Le premier chapitre présente le logiciel Porto dédié à la résolution de problèmes de routage, groupage et protection dans des réseaux optiques utilisant trois niveaux de brassage. Dans un second chapitre nous présentons le logiciel Mascopt, une bibliothèque d'optimisation pour le domaine des graphes et des réseaux qui a servi notamment à réaliser les expérimentations présentées dans la première partie.
Roupin, Frédéric. "Algorithmes Combinatoires et Relaxations par Programmation Linéaire et Semidéfinie. Application à la Résolution de Problèmes Quadratiques et d'Optimisation dans les Graphes." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00596215.
Full textMancel, Catherine. "Modélisation et résolution de problèmes d'optimisation combinatoire issus d'applications spatiales." Toulouse, INSA, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ISAT0011.
Full textIn this work we are concerned with combinatorial optimization problems stemming from space missions planning. These huge problems have some common features concerning the type of data, constraints and criteria to be optimized. We focus on linear programming for modeling and solving these problems, associated to methods for search space simplification, using decomposition or some constraint propagation techniques. We more particularly address two problems. The first one concerns a mission which aims at a scientific investigation of Mars. It consists in planning both communication slots between martian probes and a satellite, and experiments on probes. We use linear integer programming to model and solve to optimality the sub-problem of communication slots planning, and we develop an decision-aid oriented method using constraint propagation for experiments planning. The second problem occurs in the context of the french program of Earth observing with satellites. It consists in selecting and scheduling images taken by one satellite in order to maximize a quality criterion. We give a linear model and we propose a column generation approach, based on the Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition of the model, to calculate upper bounds for this problem and in order to solve it
Segura, Jean-Mathieu. "Localisation et affectation : application aux réseaux de contenus." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066054.
Full textHaouari, Mohamed. "Les problèmes de tournées avec fenêtres de temps, modélisation et algorithmes de résolution exacte et heuristique." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ECAP0183.
Full textWu, Lei. "Contribution à la programmation linéaire en nombres entiers : problèmes de placement-chargement et knapsack." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0112.
Full textThis thesis deals with Integer Linear Programming (ILP) : an effective approach for modeling and solving combinatorial optimization problems. ILP is becoming more and more important for treating practical problems in recent research. Despite the fact that the problem has often a complex and highly combinatorial structure, ILP-based resolution methods may lose their effectiveness. The main goal of our framework is to reduce the completeness of ILP-based method by exploiting the problem's particular properties. In order to show how the ILP could contribute effectively to solving combinatorial optimization problems, we consider two NP-hard problems : 3D Single Bin-Size Bin Packing Problem and Multi-dimensional Multi-choice Multiple Knapsack Problem. The first problem comes from the industrial world, particularly in logistics processes where it is proposed to solve, for example, a problem of optimal allocation of boxes with a set of available containers (parcels, pallets, etc. ) in the process of a supply chain. The second problem can be encountered in real-world applications, such as service level agreement, model of allocation resources, or as a dynamic adaptation of system of resources for multimedia multi-sessions
Morin, Pierre-Antoine. "Planification et ordonnancement de projets sous contraintes de ressources complexes." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30291/document.
Full textThe project structure arises in many fields of industry and services. It consists in performing a set of activities that may be linked by precedence relations, and use resources whose capacity is limited. The objective is to minimize a criterion usually linked to the duration or the cost of the project. Most of project scheduling problems in the literature assume that the same time scale should be used to determine activity start and completion dates and check resource constraints at each time. However, although it is often required in practice to build a precise schedule specifying the execution range of each activity, the resource usage can be evaluated on an aggregated basis, like worker shifts. In this thesis, a new model that enables the integration of these two time scales is presented in order to define the periodically aggregated resource-constrained project scheduling problem (PARCPSP). This problem is studied within the framework of complexity theory and several structural properties are established, highlighting major differences with the standard resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP). These properties allow deriving exact formulations based on integer linear programming, whose linear relaxations are compared. Moreover, several heuristics, such as schedule generations schemes, or an approached method based on a multi time scale iterative process, are proposed. Experimental results show the interest of these different methods and point out the intractability of the problem
Belmokhtar, Sana. "Lignes d'usinage avec équipements standard : modélisation, configuration et optimisation." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00156570.
Full textDodin, Pierre. "Contrôle de l'information par optimisation sur les graphes géodétiques et contrôle de l'allocation dans le cadre des systèmes de capteurs délocalisés." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066096.
Full textLesca, Julien. "Exploitation de fonctions d'agrégation dépendant du rang pour la décision multi-objectifs : procédures d'optimisation et mécanismes incitatifs." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066127.
Full textThe search for well-balanced solutions in multiobjective problems is a major issue in decision-making under uncertainty, multicriteria or multiagent decision-making. The problem's structure where this search takes place can be combinatorial or continuous and in both cases, the enumeration of solutions is impossible. This thesis work intends to give an algorithmic answer to this question by providing mathematical programming and dynamic programming approaches to find optimal solutions when the aggregating function is the Choquet integral, one of the most expressive aggregator. This thesis provides also a mechanism design analysis of multiagent problems where the aggregating function is non-affine as it is the case for the Choquet integral
Sirdey, Renaud. "Modèles et algorithmes pour la reconfiguration de systèmes répartis utilisés en téléphonie cellulaire." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00189425.
Full textEn quelques mots, ce problème consiste, étant donnée une répartition arbitraire admissible de processus sur les processeurs d'un système réparti, à trouver une séquence d'opérations (migrations de processus sans effet sur le service ou arrêts temporaires) de moindre impact par le biais de laquelle une autre répartition arbitraire, et fixée à l'avance, peut être obtenue. La principale contrainte réside dans le fait que la capacité des processeurs du système ne doit pas être dépassée durant la reconfiguration.
Nous avons abordé ce problème d'ordonnancement sous différents angles. Tout d'abord, nous avons établi son caractère NP-difficile au sens fort et exhibé quelques cas particuliers polynomiaux. Puis, sur le plan de la résolution exacte dans le cas général, nous avons conçu deux algorithmes de recherche arborescente : le premier trouve ses fondements dans l'étude de la structure combinatoire du problème, le second dans des considérations polyédrales. De nombreux résultats expérimentaux illustrent la pertinence pratique de ces deux algorithmes. Enfin, en raison des contraintes imposées par le caractère temps réel de notre application industrielle, nous avons mis au point un algorithme efficace de résolution approchée basé sur la métaheuristique du recuit simulé et, en capitalisant sur nos travaux en résolution exacte, empiriquement vérifié sa capacité pratique à produire des solutions acceptables, en un sens bien défini.
Essafi, Mohamed. "Conception et optimisation d'allocation de ressources dans les lignes d'usinage reconfigurables." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00669980.
Full textRoux, Antoine. "Etude d’un code correcteur linéaire pour le canal à effacements de paquets et optimisation par comptage de forêts et calcul modulaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS337.
Full textReliably transmitting information over a transmission channel is a recurrent problem in Informatic Sciences. Whatever may be the channel used to transmit information, we automatically observe erasure of this information, or pure loss. Different solutions can be used to solve this problem, using forward error correction codes is one of them. In this thesis, we study a corrector code developped in 2014 and 2015 for Thales society during my second year of master of apprenticeship. It is currently used to ensure the reliability of a transmission based on the UDP protocole, and passing by a network diode, Elips-SD. Elip-SD is an optical diode that can be plugged on an optical fiber to physically ensure that the transmission is unidirectional. The main usecase of such a diode is to enable supervising a critical site, while ensuring that no information can be transmitted to this site. At the opposite, another usecase is the transmission from one or multiple unsecured emitters to one secured receiver who wants to ensure that no information can be robbed. The corrector code that we present is a linear corrector code for the binary erasure channel using packets, that obtained the NATO certification from the DGA ("Direction Générale de Armées" in French). We named it Fauxtraut, for "Fast algorithm using Xor to repair altered unidirectional transmissions". In order to study this code, presenting how it works, its performance and the modifications we added during this thesis, we first establish a state of the art of forward error correction, focusing on non-MDS linear codes such as LDPC codes. Then we present Fauxtraut behavior, and analyse it theorically and with simulations. Finally, we present different versions of this code that were developped during this thesis, leading to other usecases such as transmitting reliable information that can be altered instead of being erased, or on a bidirectionnal channel, such as the H-ARQ protocole, and different results on the number of cycles in particular graphs. In the last part, we present results that we obtained during this thesis and that finally lead to an article in the Technical Computer Science. It concerns a non-polynomial problema of Graphs theorie : maximum matching in temporal graphs. In this article, we propose two algorithms with polynomial complexity : a 2-approximation algorithm and a kernelisation algorithm forthis problema
Nguyen, Quang Thuan. "Approches locales et globales basées sur la programmation DC et DCA pour des problèmes combinatoires en variables mixtes 0-1 : applications à la planification opérationnelle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Metz, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010METZ037S.
Full textThis thesis develops two local and global approaches based on DC programming and DCA for mixed 0-1 combinatorial optimization and their applications to many problems in operational planning. More particularly, this thesis consists of: the improvement of the outer approximation algorithm based on DCA (called DCACUT) introduced by Nguyen V.V and Le Thi for mixed 0-1 linear programming, the combinations of global algorithms and DCA and the comparative numerical study of these approaches for mixed 0-1 linear programming, the use of DCA for solving mixed 0-1 programming via an exact penalty technique, the implementation of the algorithms developed for solving large scale problems in operational planning: two problems in wireless telecommunication network, two scheduling problems, an UAV task assignment problem and an inventory routing problem in supply chains
Meunier, Frédéric. "Pleins étiquetages et configurations équilibrées : aspects topologiques de l'Optimisation Combinatoire." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136938.
Full textRivano, Hervé. "Algorithmique et télécommunications : Coloration et multiflot approchés et applications aux réseaux d'infrastructure." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169842.
Full textNous donnons une nouvelle modélisation des réseaux optiques WDM multifibres. En considérant un routage agrégé au niveau des câbles, nous optons pour une nouvelle lecture des contraintes d'affectation de longueurs d'onde fondée sur des conflits de groupe.
Nous étudions aussi le problème de coloration de chemins, issu de l'affectation de longueurs d'onde dans les réseaux optiques monofibres. Nous développons, pour la relaxation linéaire de ce problème, un algorithme polynomial efficace dans les arbres de degré borné, puis, par extension, dans les graphes de largeur arborescente bornée. Nous majorons le coût d'une telle coloration dans les arbres binaires et donnons une (1+5/(3e)+o(1))-approximation aléatoire pour la coloration entière dans les arbres de degré borné, ce qui améliore le meilleur algorithme connu pour ce cas.
Nous présentons enfin des avancées algorithmiques pour les problèmes de multiflot entier et fractionnaire. Nous donnons un algorithme d'arrondi aléatoire incrémental pour l'approximation du multiflot entier. Motivés par le besoin d'un calcul rapide de multiflot fractionnaire pour l'algorithme précédent, nous nous intéressons aux approximations combinatoires de ce problème. En employant des techniques de calcul dynamique des plus courts chemins, nous améliorons l'un des meilleurs algorithme de la littérature.
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Gaoua, Yacine. "Modèles mathématiques et techniques d’optimisation non linéaire et combinatoire pour la gestion d’énergie d’un système multi-source : vers une implantation temps-réel pour différentes structures électriques de véhicules hybrides." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INPT0124/document.
Full textManaging the distribution of electrical energy in a multi-source system (hybrid electric vehicle) is paramount. It increases the system performance by minimizing the fuel used by the primary source, while respecting demand, the differents operating constraints of the energy chain and system security. In this thesis, where the mission profile is known, a combinatorial approach is proposed by modeling the problem of energy management as an optimization problem with constraint satisfaction. The problem is solved using an exact method from operations research, leading to optimal solutions with reduced computation time in comparison with those obtained by applying dynamic programming or optimal control strategies. To test the perturbation sensitivity, robustness study is conducted, based on the analysis of the worst-case solution of the worst scenario, which can be achieved on the vehicle mission profile. In practical cases, the vehicle demand is unknown, and we have only the information about the instantaneous demand, which depends on driving style of the driver. In order to manage on line the energy of the vehicle, an on-line algorithm, based on a fuzzy approach is developed. To measure the quality of the fuzzy solution obtained, a performance study is carried out (finding the optimum solution), using an off-line optimization under reference mission profiles, based on non-linear modeling of the power management problem. The results were used to validate the quality of the resulting fuzzy solution
Lardeux, Benoît. "Conception de réseaux de télécommunications multicouche et évolutif." Compiègne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005COMP1576.
Full textLn this thesis we focus on two complex optimization problems in telecommunication networks, the multi-Iayered and the multi'-period network design problems. The main issue studied here concerns the network design problem given a matrix of traffic demands. Traffic demands are carried simultaneously in the network, and we intend to compute the best available capacity values to install on the links at a minimal global cost. The costs of the capacity commodities combinations available on the links are modeled by general step increasing cost functions. Two extensive network design problems interesting under the CUITent context of expansion in telecommunications are thoroughly studied: the multi-Iayered and the multi-period network design problems. For the first problem, we propose a method for the design of a network built on several encapsulated layers. Ln the second part of this thesis, we tackle the problem of the topologyand dimensionning evolution given the traffic growing throughout a given horizon time
Chauvin, Alan. "Contribution à l'optimisation globale pour le dimensionnement et la gestion d'énergie de véhicules hybrides électriques basée sur une approche combinatoire." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0101/document.
Full textHybridization of power sources for embedded applications becomes an interesting solution to respect environmental legislation and achieve a higher energy efficiency. However, the choice for components sizing and the energy management strategy need to meet specifications while reducing costs. To solve this optimization problems including several types of variables can be complex because of non linearities included in the formulated problem. Therefore the use of effective solving tools, able to provide a reliable solution, is required. In this thesis, a global optimization method is proposed for the design and the optimal control of hybrid vehicles based on combinatorial optimization, particularly on integer linear programming. From a non-linear optimization problem, the initial problem is reformulated into a multitude of integer linear sub-problems for which a parallel Branch & Bound algorithm is executed. In order to solve large-scale problems, a second algorithm based on the Branch & Cut is developed. This method is used for the study of a hybrid power supply system of a mini-excavator electric. The optimization problem, where energy constraints and aging constraints are implemented, is evaluated according to several parameters and specifications. Finally, this approach is also applied for the optimization of trajectories for a synchronized multi-actuators system
Louat, Christophe. "Etude et mise en œuvre de stratégies de coupes efficaces pour des problèmes entiers mixtes 0-1." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS0060.
Full textThe use of cutting planes is since severals years one of the most used methods to improve the search of an optimal solution reducing the search space in a Branch-and-Bound. The work presented here aims at studying several cutting plane methods and at proposing some strategies to integrate them in a resolution method based on Branch-and-Bound algorithm to solve mixed integer 0-1 problems. We present extensive computational experiments in ordrer to try to find efficient cutting plane generation strategies with generic mixted integer 0-1 problems and with different solvers. For this study, some solvers were used to compare their when the same cutting planes are added. Two commercial solver (Cplex and Xpress) and one free solveur (Glpk) are used to test the different strategies in a sequential Branch-and-Bound. One free solver is used to test these strategies in a parallel Branch-and-Bound. To provide an easy way to use these different solvers, a free library (Glop) that allows the user to use some solver with a same code has been created. We first present the different cutting plane methods that were integrated in the library Glop to produce computational experimentents. We then turn our interest on the different strategies we implement, the one being fixed strategies, the other being strategies that adapt to the problem resolution. We present and analyse the results of computational experiments with sequential Branch-and-Bound and in the last part, those obtained with parallel Branch-and-Bound
Mertz, Théophile. "Optimisation simultanée de la configuration et du dimensionnement des réseaux de chaleur urbains." Thesis, Pau, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3019/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to develop a method that provides design assistance for District Heating Network (DHN). This tool allows simultaneously the optimization of the configuration and its sizing, thanks to an MINLP formulation (Mixed Integer Non-Linear Programming). Binary variables help to choose the optimal configuration (network layout and technologies of production), whereas continuous variables help DHN sizing (temperature, diameter, velocity, heat exchanger area, thermal generating capacity …). The objective function to minimize is the total cost (capex and opex), subjected to numerous nonlinear constraints (e.g. thermal losses, pressure drop, energy balance).This method enables to design temperature cascade between consumers, when consumer temperature requirements are different, and also looped network (only one pipe in one trench). It helps also the decision to connect (or not) consumers to the main network and also the location(s) and type(s) of the heating plant. Moreover, the arbitrage between heat losses and pressure drops is taken into account thanks to physical considerations (non-linear equations). Eventually, it is possible to design 4th generation DHN and prove their financial profitability over the long terms (30 years). First a multi-step resolution strategy is proposed to ensure finding global optimum of the complex MINLP problem. Then academic study cases are analyzed to underline the numerous assets of the formulation. Finally, the optimal design compared to an existing DHN ensures the consistency of the method and allows to build a study case at a wider scale, which can be solved thanks to the comprehensive strategy developed. The design assistance method is available for initial design as well as for extension of existing DHN
Ouzia, Hacène. "Hiérarchies de relaxations semi-algébriques pour des programmes linéaires mixtes 0-1 : théorie et applications." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066349.
Full textBourdache, Nadjet. "Élicitation incrémentale des préférences pour l’optimisation multi-objectifs : modèles non-linéaires, domaines combinatoires et approches tolérantes aux erreurs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS255.
Full textThis thesis work falls within the area of algorithmic decision theory, a research domain at the crossroad of decision theory, operations research and artificial intelligence. The aim is to produce interactive optimization methods based on incremental preference elicitation in decision problems involving several criteria, opinions of agents or scenarios. Preferences are represented by general decision models whose parameters must be adapted to each decision problem and each decision maker. Our methods interleave the elicitation of parameters and the exploration of the solution space in order to determine the optimal choice for the decision maker. The idea behind this is to use information provided by the elicitation to guide the exploration of the solution space and vice versa. In this thesis, we introduce new incremental elicitation methods for decision making in different contexts : first for decision making in combinatorial domains when the decision models are non-linear, and then in a setting where one takes into account the possibility of inconsistencies in the answers of te decision maker. All the algorithms that we introduce are general and can be applied to a wide range of multiobjective decision problems
Nguyen, Quang Thuan. "Approches locales et globales basées sur la programmation DC et DCA pour des problèmes combinatoires en variables mixtes 0-1 : applications à la planification opérationnelle." Thesis, Metz, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010METZ037S/document.
Full textThis thesis develops two local and global approaches based on DC programming and DCA for mixed 0-1 combinatorial optimization and their applications to many problems in operational planning. More particularly, this thesis consists of: the improvement of the outer approximation algorithm based on DCA (called DCACUT) introduced by Nguyen V.V and Le Thi for mixed 0-1 linear programming, the combinations of global algorithms and DCA and the comparative numerical study of these approaches for mixed 0-1 linear programming, the use of DCA for solving mixed 0-1 programming via an exact penalty technique, the implementation of the algorithms developed for solving large scale problems in operational planning: two problems in wireless telecommunication network, two scheduling problems, an UAV task assignment problem and an inventory routing problem in supply chains
Salazar-Neumann, Martha. "Advances in robust combinatorial optimization and linear programming." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210192.
Full textUne des approches possibles pour résoudre des tels problèmes est de considérer les versions minimax regret, pour lesquelles résoudre un problème sous incertitude revient à trouver une solution qui s'écarte le moins possible de la valeur solution optimale dans tout les cas.
Dans le cas des incertitudes définies par intervalles, les versions minimax regret de nombreux problèmes combinatoires polynomiaux sont NP-difficiles, d'ou l'importance d'essayer de réduire l'espace des solutions. Dans ce contexte, savoir quand un élément du problème, représenté par une variable, fait toujours ou jamais partie d'une solution optimal pour toute réalisation des données (variables 1-persistentes et 0-persistentes respectivement), constitue une manière de réduire la taille du problème. Un des principaux objectifs de cette thèse est d'étudier ces questions pour quelques problèmes d'optimisation combinatoire sous incertitude.
Nous étudions les versions minimax regret du problème du choix de p éléments parmi m, de l'arbre couvrant minimum et des deux problèmes de plus court chemin. Pour de tels problèmes, dans le cas des incertitudes définis par intervalles, nous étudions le problème de trouver les variables 1- et 0-persistentes. Nous présentons une procédure de pre-traitement du problème, lequel réduit grandement la taille des formulations des versions de minimax regret.
Nous nous intéressons aussi à la version minimax regret du problème de programmation linéaire dans le cas où les coefficients de la fonction objectif sont incertains et l'ensemble des données incertaines est polyédral. Dans le cas où l'ensemble des incertitudes est défini par des intervalles, le problème de trouver le regret maximum est NP-difficile. Nous présentons des cas spéciaux ou les problèmes de maximum regret et de minimax regret sont polynomiaux. Dans le cas où l´ensemble des incertitudes est défini par un polytope, nous présentons un algorithme pour trouver une solution exacte au problème de minimax regret et nous discutons les résultats numériques obtenus dans un grand nombre d´instances générées aléatoirement.
Nous étudions les relations entre le problème de 1-centre continu et la version minimax regret du problème de programmation linéaire dans le cas où les coefficients de la fonction objectif sont évalués à l´aide des intervalles. En particulier, nous décrivons la géométrie de ce dernier problème, nous généralisons quelques résultats en théorie de localisation et nous donnons des conditions sous lesquelles certaines variables peuvet être éliminées du problème. Finalement, nous testons ces conditions dans un nombre d´instances générées aléatoirement et nous donnons les conclusions.
Doctorat en sciences, Orientation recherche opérationnelle
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Tlig, Ghassen. "Programmation mathématique en tomographie discrète." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957445.
Full textDelmée, Quentin. "Résolution exacte de problèmes de localisation de services bi-objectifs en variables mixtes." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4055/document.
Full textThe purpose of this work is the exact solution of biobjective mixed-integer facility location problems. Biobjective mixed integer linear programming problem have been largely studied in recent years but only in the generic context. The same way, the study of biobjective facility location problems has been restricted to the discrete case. We consider first the bi-objective uncapacitated facility location problem. To solve it, we adapt the box paving method proposed for the discrete case. Rectangular boxes become triangular. Moreover, their exploration becomes considerably easier. The difficulty of the problem is therefore translated to the enumeration and the filtering of these boxes. Different enumeration strategies are proposed. Next, we consider the bi-objective capacitated facility location problem. We first propose an adaptation of the triangular box paving method to the capacitated case. However, the structure of the problem highly limits the method. Thus, we consider a two phase method. The main exploration routine is based on the adaptation of a branch and bound algorithm proposed by Beasley that we adapt to the bi-objective context. Experimental results on various instances show the efficiency of the proposed methods
Koubàa, Mohamed. "Routage, protection et ingénierie de trafic dans les réseaux WDM tout-optiques." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001947.
Full textThuillier, Kerian. "Méthodes de satisfiabilité hybrides pour l'inférence de régulations booléennes contrôlant des réseaux métaboliques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024URENS032.
Full textBiological systems are complex multi-scale systems composed of many interconnected biological mechanisms. These scales include the metabolism, which transforms nutrients into energy and biomass, and the regulatory system, which acts as a controller of metabolic activity. Modeling the coupling of metabolism and regulation is difficult and requires integrating the differential-algebraic formalisms of metabolism with the discrete formalisms of regulation. Although formalisms for simulating the hybrid dynamics of this coupling exist, no method allows for the synthesis of the controllers that regulate metabolic activity, that is, the regulatory rules. This thesis presents three formulations of the synthesis problem as combinatorial optimization problems under logical and hybrid (logical and linear) quantified constraints. A dedicated solving method is given for each formulation. The first formulation is solved using satisfiability methods, while the other two rely on hybrid solving methods that integrate logical constraints and linear arithmetic. In particular, the thesis presents a generic framework for solving combinatorial optimization problems under quantified linear constraints. These formalizations have led to the development of two tools, MERRIN and MerrinASP, which extend Answer Set Programming (ASP) with quantified linear constraints. This thesis also provides synthetic datasets that simulate different types of omics data, as well as the protocol used to generate them
Garnero, Valentin. "(Méta)-noyaux constructifs et linéaires dans les graphes peu denses." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT328/document.
Full textIn the fields of Algorithmic and Complexity, a large area of research is based on the assumption that P ≠ NP(Polynomial time and Non deterministic Polynomial time), which means that there are problems for which a solution can be verified but not constructed in polynomial time. Many natural problems are not in P, which means, that they have no efficient algorithm. In order to tackle such problems, many different branches of Algorithmic have been developed. One of them is called Parametric Complexity. It consists in developing exact algorithms whose complexity is measured as a function of the size of the instance and of a parameter. Such a parameter allows a more precise analysis of the complexity. In this context, an algorithm will be considered to be efficient if it is fixed parameter tractable (fpt), that is, if it has a complexity which is exponential in the parameter and polynomial in the size of the instance. Problems that can be solved by such an algorithm form the FPT class.Kernelisation is a technical that produces fpt algorithms, among others. It can be viewed as a preprocessing of the instance, with a guarantee on the compression of the data. More formally, a kernelisation is a polynomial reduction from a problem to itself, with the additional constraint that the size of the kernel, the reduced instance, is bounded by a function of the parameter. In order to obtain an fpt algorithm, it is sufficient to solve the problem in the reduced instance, by brute-force for example (which has exponential complexity, in the parameter). Hence, the existence of a kernelisiation implies the existence of an fpt algorithm. It holds that the converse is true also. Nevertheless, the existence of an efficient fpt algorithm does not imply a small kernel, meaning a kernel with a linear or polynomial size. Under certain hypotheses, it can be proved that some problems can not have a kernel (that is, are not in FPT) and that some problems in FPT do not have a polynomial kernel.One of the main results in the field of Kernelisation is the construction of a linear kernel for the Dominating Set problem on planar graphs, by Alber, Fellows and Niedermeier.To begin with, the region decomposition method proposed by Alber, Fellows and Niedermeier has been reused many times to develop kernels for variants of Dominating Set on planar graphs. Nevertheless, this method had quite a few inaccuracies, which has invalidated the proofs. In the first part of our thesis, we present a more thorough version of this method and we illustrate it with two examples: Red Blue Dominating Set and Total Dominating Set.Next, the method has been generalised to larger classes of graphs (bounded genus, minor-free, topological-minor-free), and to larger families of problems. These meta-results prove the existence of a linear or polynomial kernel for all problems verifying some generic conditions, on a class of sparse graphs. As a price of generality, the proofs do not provide constructive algorithms and the bound on the size of the kernel is not explicit. In the second part of our thesis, we make a first step to constructive meta-results. We propose a framework to build linear kernels based on principles of dynamic programming and a meta-result of Bodlaender, Fomin, Lokshtanov, Penninkx, Saurabh and Thilikos
Khaled, Oumaima. "Une méthodologie générique de réparation multicritère pour l'optimisation sous incertitude : Application aux problèmes de planification et d'affectation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC047.
Full textA wide variety of operations management problems can be formulated and solved as discrete optimization problems. Traditionally, these models have been mostly developed and used under the assumption that the input data are known in advance, not subject to unexpected changes, nor impacted by uncertainty. In recent years, the need for improved models providing efficient tools for quickly and optimally reacting to the occurrence of unexpected events (disruptions) has become a more and more important issue. In the execution phase, various unanticipated events will disrupt the system and make the plan deviate from its intended course and even make it infeasible.Uncertainty can be taken into account in a proactive way with stochastic optimization or robust optimization models. However, even with robust solutions, unexpected events can still occur requiring to reconsider the robust plan under execution. In this thesis, we are interested to cope with uncertainty in a reactive way. We propose a new generic methodology for repair/recovery optimization problems. When considering repair/recovery solutions for the initial plan under implementation, the decision-maker may want to minimize operating costs, but also limit the changes with respect to the initial plan. We formulate the repair/recovery problem as a multiobjective optimization problem minimizing specified functions for various repair criteria
Boria, Nicolas. "Optimisation combinatoire et environnements dynamiques." Paris 9, 2011. http://basepub.dauphine.fr/xmlui/handle/123456789/7232.
Full textChung, Yerim. "Optimisation combinatoire inverse et applications." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010009.
Full textDamay, Jean. "Techniques de résolution basées sur la Programmation Linéaire pour l'Ordonnancement de Projet." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2005. http://195.221.120.247/simclient/consultation/binaries/stream.asp?INSTANCE=UCFRSIM&eidmpa=DOCUMENTS_THESES_90.
Full textHaddad, Marcel Adonis. "Nouveaux modèles robustes et probabilistes pour la localisation d'abris dans un contexte de feux de forêt." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLD021.
Full textThe location of shelters in different areas threatened by wildfires is one of the possible ways to reduce fatalities in acontext of an increasing number of catastrophic and severe forest fires. The problem is basically to locate p sheltersminimizing the maximum distance people will have to cover to reach the closest accessible shelter in case of fire. Thelandscape is divided in zones and is modeled as an edge-weighted graph with vertices corresponding to zones andedges corresponding to direct connections between two adjacent zones. Each scenario corresponds to a fire outbreak ona single zone (i.e., on a vertex) with the main consequence of modifying evacuation paths in two ways. First, an evacuationpath cannot pass through the vertex on fire. Second, the fact that someone close to the fire may have limited choice, ormay not take rational decisions, when selecting a direction to escape is modeled using a new kind of evacuation strategy.This evacuation strategy, called Under Pressure, induces particular evacuation distances which render our model specific.We propose two problems with this model: the Robust p-Center Under Pressure problem and the Probabilistic p-CenterUnder Pressure problem. First we prove hardness results for both problems on relevant classes of graphs for our context.In addition, we propose polynomial exact algorithms on simple classes of graphs and we develop mathematical algorithmsbased on integer linear programming
Ould, Mohamed Lemine Mohamed. "Connaissance inter-entreprises et optimisation combinatoire." Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090015/document.
Full textThe inter-companies knowledge allows to every partner to learn about its customers, its suppliers and to develop its activity. Also this permits to limit the risk related to the creditworthiness, or the late payment of its partners. With the cash flow pressures, the need for growth and increased competition, this area becomes more strategic than ever, for both small (PME) and large groups. The amount of data processed in this domain, the requirements of quality and freshness, the need to cross these data to obtain new information and indicators, yield several optimization problems for which the recent techniques and computational tools can bring effective solutions. In this thesis, we use combinatorial optimization, text algorithms as well as graph theory to solve efficiently problems arising in the field of inter-companies knowledge. In particular, such problems was encountered in Altares D&B. First, we focus on the quality of the managers database. This problem combines the detection and removal of duplicates in a database, as well as the error detection in a string. We propose a method for solving this problem, based on data normalization, text algorithms and syntactic comparison between two strings. Our experimental results show that this method is relevant for the detection and removal of duplicates, and it is also very efficient in terms of processing time. In a second part of the thesis, we address a problem related to the data of ownership links. We compute the indirect links, and identify the group heads. We propose a method for solving this problem using graph theory and combinatorial optimization. We then perform a set of experiments on several real-world instances. The computational results show the effectiveness of our method in terms of CPU-time and resource allocation. In fact, the CPU time for computation increases logarithmically with the size of the instances. Finally, we consider the problem of identifying influence networks. We give a description of this problem in terms of graphs, and show that it can reduce to a graph partitioning problem. The latter is NP-hard. We then propose an integer linear programming formulation to model the problem. We investigate the associated polyhedron and describe several classes of valid inequalities. We give some necessaryand sufficient conditions for these inequalities to define facets of the considered polyhedron, and we discuss the related separation problems. Based on the obtained polyhedral results, we devise a Branch-and-Cut algorithm to solve the problem. Some numerical results are presented to show the efficiency of our algorithm
Laburthe, François. "Contraintes et algorithmes en optimisation combinatoire." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA077236.
Full textLE, GALL ARMELLE. "Incrementalite et adaptativite en optimisation combinatoire." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112356.
Full textKoubi, Vassilada. "Reseaux de neurones et optimisation combinatoire." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05S014.
Full textHOUDAYER, JEROME. "Verres de spins et optimisation combinatoire." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA112205.
Full textWaserhole, Ariel. "Optimisation des systèmes de véhicules en libre service par la tarification." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENM049/document.
Full textOne way Vehicle Sharing Systems (VSS), in which users pick-up and return a vehicle in different places is a new type of transportation system that presents many advantages. However, even if advertising promotes an image of flexibility and price accessibility, in reality customers might not find a vehicle at the original station (which may be considered as an infinite price), or worse, a parking spot at destination. Since the first Bike Sharing Systems (BSS), problems of vehicles and parking spots availability have appeared crucial. We define the system performance as the number of trips sold (to be maximized). BSS performance is currently improved by vehicle relocation with trucks. Our scope is to focus on self regulating systems through pricing incentives, avoiding physical station balancing. The question we are investigating in this thesis is the following: Can a management of the incentives increases significantly the performance of the vehicle sharing systems?
Tusera, Alexandre. "De l'affectation linéaire appliquée au problème de routage dans une grille multidimensionnelle." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995VERS0004.
Full textDarlay, Julien. "Analyse combinatoire de données : structures et optimisation." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00683651.
Full textPoirion, Pierre-Louis. "Programmation linéaire mixte robuste; Application au dimensionnement d'un système hybride de production d'électricité." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM0948/document.
Full textRobust optimization is a recent approach to study problems with uncertain datathat does not rely on a prerequisite precise probability model but on mild assumptionson the uncertainties involved in the problem.We studied a linear two-stage robustproblem with mixed-integer first-stage variables and continuous second stagevariables. We considered column wise uncertainty and focused on the case whenthe problem doesn’t satisfy a "full recourse property" which cannot be always satisfied for real problems. We also studied the complexity of the robust problemwhich is NP-hard and proved that it is actually polynomial solvable when a parameterof the problem is fixed.We then applied this approach to study a stand-alonehybrid system composed of wind turbines, solar photovoltaic panels and batteries.The aim was to determine the optimal number of photovoltaic panels, wind turbinesand batteries in order to serve a given demand while minimizing the total cost of investment and use. We also studied some properties of the second stage problem, in particular that the second stage problem can be solvable in polynomial time using dynamic programming
Poirion, Pierre-Louis. "Programmation linéaire mixte robuste; Application au dimensionnement d'un système hybride de production d'électricité." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, CNAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CNAM0948.
Full textRobust optimization is a recent approach to study problems with uncertain datathat does not rely on a prerequisite precise probability model but on mild assumptionson the uncertainties involved in the problem.We studied a linear two-stage robustproblem with mixed-integer first-stage variables and continuous second stagevariables. We considered column wise uncertainty and focused on the case whenthe problem doesn’t satisfy a "full recourse property" which cannot be always satisfied for real problems. We also studied the complexity of the robust problemwhich is NP-hard and proved that it is actually polynomial solvable when a parameterof the problem is fixed.We then applied this approach to study a stand-alonehybrid system composed of wind turbines, solar photovoltaic panels and batteries.The aim was to determine the optimal number of photovoltaic panels, wind turbinesand batteries in order to serve a given demand while minimizing the total cost of investment and use. We also studied some properties of the second stage problem, in particular that the second stage problem can be solvable in polynomial time using dynamic programming