Relevant bibliographies by topics / Optimal Spatial Policy

Academic literature on the topic 'Optimal Spatial Policy'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Optimal Spatial Policy"

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Costello, Christopher, and Stephen Polasky. "Optimal harvesting of stochastic spatial resources." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 56, no. 1 (July 2008): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2008.03.001.

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MICKIEWICZ, Paweł, and Maciej J. NOWAK. "The role of spatial policy tools protecting the space as a public good." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2020, no. 146 (2020): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2020.146.20.

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Purpose: The aim of the paper is to indicate functions that spatial policy tools at local level 10 should fulfill while protecting the space understood as a public good. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is of a review nature, but it refers to results of conducted research, included in the context of public goods. Findings: The area of communes covered by local plans is varied and very often depends on random circumstances from the perspective of the main spatial policy framework. The above illustrates diverse conditions, in which spatial conflicts may occur. Factors that should theoretically play an ordering role actually bring much more chaos. Therefore, the behavior of communal authorities in the implementation of spatial policy is contained in the sphere of impacts difficult to clearly predict, about which E. Ostrom mentioned. Social implications: In the context of current problems occurring in the spatial management system, it is worth developing the approach to space as a public good. This will help to adapt the approaches and characteristics of public goods to the current conditions of spatial management system and optimal role of spatial policy tools. Originality/value: This paper defines the roles of spatial policy tools protecting the space understood as a public good. Space protection in this approach must be implemented through specific spatial policy tools. The paper verifies the real scope of such protection. An attempt was made to translate approaches and dilemmas regarding public goods into conditions related to the spatial management system.
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Nowak, Maciej J. "Environmental Protection in Strategic Instruments of Spatial Policy in Poland." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 18, no. 4 (December 21, 2020): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2020.18.4.05.

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Ensuring environmental protection requires the use of various instruments, including spatial policy ones. Appropriate integration of environmental issues in spatial policy is still a major challenge. The aim of this article is to determine the direction of optimal environmental protection in strategic tools of spatial policy. The article indicates optimal expectations for spatial policy instruments, from an environmental perspective. Then, it verifies the extent to which these expectations are, or can be, included in the current system. The research part verifies studies of conditions and directions of the spatial development of voivode cities, in terms of using key elements from an environmental perspective. The analyses and research show that, especially in strategic instruments at the local level, consideration should be given to determining the importance of protected areas in shaping the environment, indicating potential solutions to environmental threats, and the social context of environmental protection. However, attempts at such activities are undertaken, largely, to a very limited extent.
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Bai, Ling, and Ke Wang. "Gilpin–Ayala model with spatial diffusion and its optimal harvesting policy." Applied Mathematics and Computation 171, no. 1 (December 2005): 531–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2005.01.068.

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Hafiz, Muhamad, Ayuning Budiati, and Rina Yulianti. "Implementasi Kebijakan Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) Dalam Mewujudkan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Publik di Kota Tangerang Selatan." JDKP Jurnal Desentralisasi dan Kebijakan Publik 3, no. 2 (January 9, 2023): 418–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/jdkp.v3i2.5920.

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This research focuses on the Implementation of Regional Spatial Planning Policy in Fulfillment of Green Open Space in South Tangerang City. The aim of the research is to find out how the Implementation of Regional Spatial Planning Policy in Creating Green Open Space in South Tangerang City. The theory of policy implementation from Van Metter and Van Horn, namely policy standards and objectives, resources, characteristics of implementing organizations, inter-organizational communication, dispositions or attitudes of implementers and the social, political and economic environment. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The results of the research show that (1) the standards and policy objectives are not optima, (2) the resources are quite optimal, (3) the characteristics of the organization implementing the green open space policy are less than optimal, (4) the communication of implementing organizations is good, (5) the disposition or attitude of the executors is still not optimal, (6) the social, political and economic environment of green open space policies is less than optimal marked by the lack of support from the political elite for regional spatial planning policies in fulfilling green open spaces in South Tangerang City.
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Chakravorty, Ujjayant, Eithan Hochman, and David Zilberman. "A Spatial Model of Optimal Water Conveyance." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 29, no. 1 (July 1995): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1995.1029.

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Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban, Pierre-Daniel Sarte, and Felipe Schwartzman. "Local Industrial Policy and Sectoral Hubs." AEA Papers and Proceedings 111 (May 1, 2021): 526–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20211076.

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We study the desirability of industrial policies that generate sectoral hubs using a quantitative spatial model with cognitive nonroutine and other occupations. The productivity of each occupation in an industry depends on sector-specific production externalities, which we estimate using a model-implied instrumental variable approach. We find that the optimal policy gives rise to national hubs in coastal cities in tradable services, like professional services, and smaller regional hubs in less tradable services, like health and education. The optimal policy prescribes developing manufacturing in smaller towns. We decompose the implied changes in local costs and the available varieties in each sector.
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Sanchirico, James N., and James E. Wilen. "Optimal spatial management of renewable resources: matching policy scope to ecosystem scale." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 50, no. 1 (July 2005): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2004.11.001.

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Hall, Kim Meyer, Heidi J. Albers, Majid Alkaee Taleghan, and Thomas G. Dietterich. "Optimal Spatial-Dynamic Management of Stochastic Species Invasions." Environmental and Resource Economics 70, no. 2 (March 23, 2017): 403–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-017-0127-6.

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Li, Mingze, Yuan Huang, and Mingdan Han. "How to Maintain a Sustainable Environment? A Spatial Evolution of Urban Atmospheric Pollution and Impact Factors in China." Sustainability 11, no. 16 (August 13, 2019): 4376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164376.

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Urban pollution has significantly contributed to the spread of diseases and global warming. The analysis of spatial distribution characteristics of atmospheric pollutants is crucial for making sustainable industrial policy, and environmentally friendly urban planning. In this paper, GeoDa software is used to analyze how sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and smoke dust (DUS) are spatially distributed in various provinces of China. Then, global spatial correlation test and cluster analysis are carried out to obtain the spatial evolution characteristics of three pollutants. Afterward, the spatial panel data model is applied to explore the factors that affect the spatial evolution of SO2, NOx and smoke dust (DUS) nationwide. MATLAB is used to estimate the Spatial Lag Model (SLM) and the Spatial Error Model (SEM) of the three pollutants, respectively. According to our analysis, SEM is more applicable for SO2 and NOx, whereas SLM is optimal for smoke dust (DUS). The results show that foreign direct investment (FDI), industrial structure, and urbanization aggravate environmental pollution, while per capita gross domestic products (per capita GDP) has a negative relationship with the cluster of pollutants. The study concludes by informing public policy makers on environment friendly policies for a more sustainable development.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Optimal Spatial Policy"

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Scharin, Henrik. "Management of eutrophicated coastal zones : the quest for an optimal policy under spatial heterogeneity /." Uppsala : Dept. of Economics, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/a503.pdf.

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Mathur, Ritu. "Study on coal utilization in India : a spatial modeling framework to examine optimal coal utilization policy in the power and cement sectors in India." Kyoto University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/135592.

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Naidoo, Ashley Desmond. "Ocean governance in South Africa: Policy and implementation." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7355.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
Ocean Governance in South Africa has gained momentum over the last decade with the publication of the Green and White Papers on the National Environmental Management of the Ocean in 2012 and 2014, and the promulgation of the Marine Spatial Planning Act in 2019. Parallel to this South Africa developed and implemented the Operation Phakisa Ocean Economy Development Programme and declared a network of twenty Marine Protected Areas. The timing of this study over the last five years allowed the opportunity to undertake a detailed study of the Ocean Governance Policy Development and Implementation as the formulation of the policy and its early implementation unfolded. The Study is primarily based on interpretation of the Green and White Papers as the primary and directed ocean governance policies produced by the Government of South African and the National Department of Environmental Affairs. It places these most recent specific ocean environmental policies in the context of the many other environmental policies that exits in the country.
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Books on the topic "Optimal Spatial Policy"

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Bartkowicz, Leszek. Tekstura drzewostanów naturalnych w polskich parkach narodowych na tle teorii dynamiki lasu. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-20-5.

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The aim of the study was to compare a patch-mosaic pattern in the old-growth forest stands developed in various climate and soil conditions occurring in different regions of Poland. Based on the assumption, that the patch-mosaic pattern in the forest reflect the dynamic processes taking place in it, and that each type of forest ecosystem is characterized by a specific regime of natural disturbances, the following hypotheses were formulated: (i) the patches with a complex structure in stands composed of latesuccessional, shade-tolerant tree species are more common than those composed of early-successional, light-demanding ones, (ii) the patch-mosaic pattern is more heterogeneous in optimal forest site conditions than in extreme ones, (iii) in similar site conditions differentiation of the stand structure in distinguished patches is determined by the successional status of the tree species forming a given patch, (iv) the successional trends leading to changes of species composition foster diversification of the patch structure, (v) differentiation of the stand structure is negatively related to their local basal area, especially in patches with a high level of its accumulation. Among the best-preserved old-growth forest remaining under strict protection in the Polish national parks, nineteen research plots of around 10 ha each were selected. In each plot, a grid (50 × 50 m) of circular sample subplots (with radius 12,62 m) was established. In the sample subplots, species and diameter at breast height of living trees (dbh ≥ 7 cm) were determined. Subsequently, for each sample subplot, several numerical indices were calculated: local basal area (G), dbh structure differentiation index (STR), climax index (CL) and successional index (MS). Statistical tests of Kruskal- Wallis, Levene and Generalized Additive Models (GAM) were used to verify the hypotheses. All examined forests were characterized by a large diversity of stand structure. A particularly high frequency of highly differentiated patches (STR > 0,6) was recorded in the alder swamp forest. The patch mosaic in the examined plots was different – apart from the stands with a strongly pronounced mosaic character (especially subalpine spruce forests), there were also stands with high spatial homogeneity (mainly fir forests). The stand structure in the distinguished patches was generally poorly related to the other studied features. Consequently, all hypotheses were rejected. These results indicate a very complex, mixed pattern of forest natural dynamics regardless of site conditions. In beech forests and lowland multi-species deciduous forests, small-scale disturbances of the gap dynamics type dominate, which are overlapped with less frequent medium-scale disturbances. In more difficult site conditions, large-scale catastrophic disturbances, which occasionally appear in communities formed under the influence of gap dynamics (mainly spruce forests) or cohort dynamics (mainly pine forests), gain importance.
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Book chapters on the topic "Optimal Spatial Policy"

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Nakacwa, Stellamaris, and Bert Manieson. "Cities of the Future Need to Be Both Smart and Just: How We Think Open Mapping Can Help." In Sustainable Development Goals Series, 305–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05182-1_27.

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AbstractAlong with increasing urban growth rates, especially in the global south, cities are becoming more fragile because of rapid climate change, insecurity, and increasing urban landscape challenges. With the limited budget sums, coupled with outdated and limited spatial and aspatial data, city planners, governors, and governments are left short of the optimal and efficient approaches to deploy and reckon just, smart, and sustainable cities across all populaces. This demands agile tools and applications for effective decision-making to maintain and sustainably improve quality of life with an assurance that no one is left behind. We demonstrate the potential utilization of OpenStreetMap datasets by urban planners and governing councils to enhance evidence-based planning and policy initiatives. Several projects have been pioneered and executed by youth to demonstrate their crucial role in the organization and collection of crowdsourced geospatial data as a manifestation of the broader theoretical underpinnings of urban governance encapsulated in SDG 16 – Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions and SDG 11 – Sustainable Cities and Communities. We argue youth are communicating through the collection of the data. We demonstrate practical approaches to the inclusion of OSM and the participation of local YouthMappers chapters towards objectively positive, just urban governance.
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Matheri, Anthony Njuguna, Belaid Mohamed, and Jane Catherine Ngila. "Smart Climate Resilient and Efficient Integrated Waste to Clean Energy System in a Developing Country: Industry 4.0." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1053–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_69.

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AbstractClimate change impacts a natural and human system on the entire globe. Climate-related extreme weather such as drought, floods, and heat waves alters the ecosystems that society depends on. Climate, land, energy, and water systems (CLEWS) are a critical aspect of high importance on resource availability, distribution, and interconnection. The nexus provides a set of guidelines to South Africa that aims on creating a level playing field for all sectors while achieving the aims of the SDGs that are cross-sectoral and multilevel approaches to climate change. The nexus expressed three domains that included resources, governance, and security. It integrated a smart climate resilient with inclusion of the governance and involvement of the stakeholders. Recognition of spatial and sector interdependencies should inform policies, investment and institutional for enhancing nexus security and climate change towards making transition green carbon deals. The nexus offers an integrated approach that analyzes the trade-offs and synergies between the different sectors in order to maximize the efficiency of using the resources that adapt institutional and optimum policy arrangements. Economic transformation and creation of employment through green economy is one of the COP26 green deal agendas in curbing the carbon emissions (green house emission, industrial processes, fuel combustion, and fugitive emissions) as mitigation to climate change, which is cost-effective and economically efficient. The future climate change policy in the developing countries is likely to be both promoted by climate technology transfer and public-private cooperation (cross-sector partnership) through the technology mechanism of the nexus and inclusion of the gender.
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Yasobant, Sandul, Kranti Suresh Vora, and Ashish Upadhyay. "Geographic Information System Applications in Public Health." In Healthcare Policy and Reform, 538–61. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6915-2.ch026.

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Geographic information systems or geographic information science is a combination of computer-mapping capabilities with additional database management/data analysis tools. GIS is widely used in various sectors such as environmental science, urban planning, agricultural applications etc. Public health is another focus area, where GIS has been used for research and practice areas such as epidemic surveillance and monitoring, among others. The journey of use of GIS in public health spans more than a century and GIS application in public health has evolved from the simple maps to the higher level geostatistical analysis and interactive WebGIS in recent times. GIS is an analytical tool which differs from conventional computer-assisted mapping and any statistical analysis programs in its ability to analyze complex data and visual presentation of spatial data. Specialized GIS techniques such as network analysis, location-allocation models, site selection, transportation models, and geostatistical analysis are well established and used in many developed and developing nations. Unfortunately owing to the high cost of licensed software and specialized skills for advanced data analysis, use of these techniques is limited mainly for the research and by few experts. GIS is proved to be useful for various public health practices and research purposes including epidemiological surveys/investigation, implementation research, program/policy decision making and dissemination of information. The advantage of using GIS is that maps provide an added dimension to data analysis, which helps in visualizing the complex patterns and relationships of public health issues, thus many unanswered questions in public health, can be understood well through use of GIS techniques. Use of GIS in public health is an application area still in its infancy. Wider use of GIS for public health practice such as program planning, implementation and monitoring in addition to building evidence base for the policy making will help reduce inequities in health and provide universal healthcare. Overall, GIS is a helpful and efficient tool especially for public health professionals working in low resource settings. In the future with inclusion of advanced GIS technology like WebGIS can help reach the goal of optimal health care services globally.
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Delakouridis, Constantinos, and Leonidas Kazatzopoulos. "On the Use of Optimal Stopping Theory for Secret Sharing Scheme Update." In Intelligent Technologies and Techniques for Pervasive Computing, 276–95. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4038-2.ch015.

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The location privacy issue has been addressed thoroughly so far. Cryptographic techniques, k-anonymity-based approaches, spatial obfuscation methods, mix-zones, pseudonyms, and dummy location signals have been proposed to enhance location privacy. In this chapter, the authors propose an approach, called STS (Share The Secret) that segments and distributes the location information to various, non-trusted, entities from where it will be reachable by authenticated location services. This secret sharing approach prevents location information disclosure even in situation where there is a direct observation of the target. The proposed approach facilitates end-users or location-based services to classify flexible privacy levels for different contexts of operation. The authors provide the optimal thresholds to alter the privacy policy levels when there is a need for relaxing or strengthening the required privacy. Additionally, they discuss the robustness of the proposed approach against various adversary models. Finally, the authors evaluate the approach in terms of computational and energy efficiency, using real mobile applications and location update scenarios over a cloud infrastructure, which is used to support storage and computational tasks.
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Talent Zungu, Lindokuhle, Yolanda Nomusa Nkomo, Bongumusa Prince Makhoba, and Lorraine Greyling. "The Nonlinear Dynamic Impact of Development-Inequality in the Prudential Policy Regime in Emerging Economies: A Bayesian Spatial Lag Panel Smooth Transition Regression Approach." In Business, Management and Economics. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107212.

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A panel data analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of economic-development in a macroprudential policy regime was conducted in a panel of 25 emerging markets who were grouped together based on their regions: 10 African countries, 8 Asian countries, and 7 European countries covering the period 2000–2019. The paper explored the validity of the Kuznets hypothesis in a prudential policy regime as well as the threshold level at which economic-development reduces inequality, using the Bayesian Spatial Lag Panel Smooth Transition Regression model. This model was adopted due to its ability to address the problems of endogeneity, heterogeneity, and time and spatial-varying in a nonlinear framework. We found evidence of a non-linear effect between the two variables, where the threshold was found to be US$15,900, above which reduces inequality in the African emerging markets; while for emerging Asian and emerging European markets, we documented a U-shape relationship with an optimal level of economic-development estimated at US$17,078 and US$19,000, respectively. Unconventional and macroprudential policies were found to trigger development-inequality relationships. The result supported the S-curve relationship in these regions. Our evidence largely suggests that policymakers ought to formulate policies aiming at increasing agricultural productivity through land redistribution, investment, trade, and promoting human development. Policymakers should also be cautious when implementing macroprudential and unconventional monetary policies.
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Kravchuk, Olga. "INTERDEPENDENCE OF REGIONAL POLICY AND NATIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM OF THE COUNTRY." In Integration of traditional and innovation processes of development of modern science. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-021-6-26.

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Today, the different speeds of regional development and the preservation of unresolved structural contradictions, which have a pronounced regional dimension, have become one of the main foundations of political reconstruction in the growth of changes to ensure national security. Favorable regional institutional environment creates opportunities for optimal use of resources of the territory, which is the basis for ensuring the proper quality of life of the population of the region, eliminating all possible dangers at all levels. The strategic objectives of regional policy are to increase the competitiveness of regions and strengthen their resource potential, ensure human resources development, development of interregional cooperation, it is clear that under conditions of stable functioning of the security system at the regional level and thus the national system. In addition, the regional policy of the state - targeted actions of the state aimed at balancing the conditions of regions and their results, improving the use of aggregate regional resources and opportunities that can be implemented against the background of comprehensive security actions in all areas, including local levels. The mechanism of implementation of state regional policy, which can be defined as a system of specific state levers and organizational and economic means by which state influence on the spatial organization of society, provides socio-economic development of regions, improves the structure of their economic complex. That recently, due to the crisis situation in the country and military action, the system of state regional policy has paid considerable attention to the system of ensuring the security of the region from possible threats and challenges that may cause national dangers. The main components of the integrated mechanism of state regional policy of Ukraine, as defined by current regulations, are: the relevant legal framework, budget and financial regulation of regional development, forecasting and programming, development of various forms of territorial organization of productive forces. Legislative regulation at the international level of regulatory relations creates favorable conditions for a single legal activity related to national security, which, in turn, includes organizational and communicative tasks in the implementation of domestic and foreign policy at all levels.
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Curtin, Kevin M., Fang Qui, Karen Hayslett-McCall, and Timothy M. Bray. "Integrating GIS and Maximal Covering Models to Determine Optimal Police Patrol Areas." In Geographic Information Systems and Crime Analysis, 214–35. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-453-8.ch013.

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This chapter presents a new method for determining the most efficient spatial distribution of police patrols in a metropolitan region, termed the police patrol area covering (PPAC) model. This method employs inputs from geographic information systems (GIS) data layers, analyzes that data through an optimal covering model formulation, and provides alternative optimal solutions for presentation to decision makers. The goal of this research is to increase the level of police service by finding more efficient spatial allocations of the available law enforcement resources. Extensions to the model that incorporate variations in the priority of calls for service based on the type of crime being committed, and the need for an equitable distribution of workload among police officers are discussed. Examples of the inputs from – and outputs to – GIS are provided through a pilot study of the city of Dallas, Texas.
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Whitman, Marina V. N. "Place Prosperity and People Prosperity: The Delineation of Optimum Policy Areas." In Spatial, Regional and Population Economics, 359–93. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315103150-16.

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Li, Patrick, and Gang Li. "Precipitation Change Pattern Analysis in the US with Image Sequence and Decision Tree Methods." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia220386.

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Climate change is becoming an important factor in policy making and economic development. Analyzing droughts and precipitation changes over regions, seasons and years provides insights to the climate change patterns in many aspects. With satellite imaging and more collections on Google Earth Engine (GEE) [1] library, more information is available to discover the patterns. Our research analyses precipitations in United States using Google Earth Engine’s ERA5 Monthly Aggregates [2] image collection. From the collection, different regions of United States were selected to calculate both the spatial and temporal patterns. Image sequence predication and decision tree methods are used for spatial precipitation change pattern. Optical flow analysis is also explored for pattern tracking.
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Yasobant, Sandul, Kranti Suresh Vora, and Ashish Upadhyay. "Geographic Information System Applications in Public Health." In Effective Methods for Modern Healthcare Service Quality and Evaluation, 137–66. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9961-8.ch007.

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Geographic information systems or geographic information science is a combination of computer-mapping capabilities with additional database management/data analysis tools. GIS is widely used in various sectors such as environmental science, urban planning, agricultural applications etc. Public health is another focus area, where GIS has been used for research and practice areas such as epidemic surveillance and monitoring, among others. The journey of use of GIS in public health spans more than a century and GIS application in public health has evolved from the simple maps to the higher level geostatistical analysis and interactive WebGIS in recent times. GIS is an analytical tool which differs from conventional computer-assisted mapping and any statistical analysis programs in its ability to analyze complex data and visual presentation of spatial data. Specialized GIS techniques such as network analysis, location-allocation models, site selection, transportation models, and geostatistical analysis are well established and used in many developed and developing nations. Unfortunately owing to the high cost of licensed software and specialized skills for advanced data analysis, use of these techniques is limited mainly for the research and by few experts. GIS is proved to be useful for various public health practices and research purposes including epidemiological surveys/investigation, implementation research, program/policy decision making and dissemination of information. The advantage of using GIS is that maps provide an added dimension to data analysis, which helps in visualizing the complex patterns and relationships of public health issues, thus many unanswered questions in public health, can be understood well through use of GIS techniques. Use of GIS in public health is an application area still in its infancy. Wider use of GIS for public health practice such as program planning, implementation and monitoring in addition to building evidence base for the policy making will help reduce inequities in health and provide universal healthcare. Overall, GIS is a helpful and efficient tool especially for public health professionals working in low resource settings. In the future with inclusion of advanced GIS technology like WebGIS can help reach the goal of optimal health care services globally.
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Conference papers on the topic "Optimal Spatial Policy"

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Wu, Shuang, Jingyu Zhao, Guangjian Tian, and Jun Wang. "State-Aware Value Function Approximation with Attention Mechanism for Restless Multi-armed Bandits." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/64.

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The restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) problem is a generalization of the multi-armed bandit with non-stationary rewards. Its optimal solution is intractable due to exponentially large state and action spaces with respect to the number of arms. Existing approximation approaches, e.g., Whittle's index policy, have difficulty in capturing either temporal or spatial factors such as impacts from other arms. We propose considering both factors using the attention mechanism, which has achieved great success in deep learning. Our state-aware value function approximation solution comprises an attention-based value function approximator and a Bellman equation solver. The attention-based coordination module capture both spatial and temporal factors for arm coordination. The Bellman equation solver utilizes the decoupling structure of RMABs to acquire solutions with significantly reduced computation overheads. In particular, the time complexity of our approximation is linear in the number of arms. Finally, we illustrate the effectiveness and investigate the properties of our proposed method with numerical experiments.
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Ivanova, Anna, and A. Tretyakov. "PROBLEMS OF SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF INNOVATIONS WITH A DELAYED EFFECT IN THE FOREST COMPLEX." In Modern machines, equipment and IT solutions for industrial complex: theory and practice. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mmeitsic2021_412-420.

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The work is aimed at solving one of the most important fundamental and topical interdisciplinary scientific problems of the Russian Federation – the need for scientific substantiation of optimal options for the functioning of state policy in the field of use, protection, protection and reproduction of forests in the Russian Federation through economic mechanisms aimed at effective management of the forest sector of the economy and increasing gross domestic product in the forestry sector based on market demand for products. Hence, there is a special interest in the processes of the spatio-temporal dissemination of innovations for the country’s forestry complex, especially which are the guarantor and basis of intensive forestry, but due to the specifics of my reproduction, I have a deferred economic effect relative to similar innovative products obtained with the help of basic technologies. The paper provides an analytical review of the rate of diffusion of innovations in the sectors of the forestry complex based on the analysis of reliable and objective indicators, in accordance with which it was concluded that the rate of spread of innovative forestry products in time and space is extremely low. It has been established that one of the factors preventing the diffusion of innovative forestry products is the high cost of their creation and the uncertainty of the result obtained. It has been established that the high capital costs of creating an innovative product for commercial use must be compared with biological advantages: growth rate, resistance to diseases and pests, productivity.
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Bazan-Krzywoszanska, Anna, Maria Mrówczynska, Marta Skiba, and Małgorzata Sztubecka. "Sustainable Urban Development on the Example of the Housing Deveopment of Zielona Góra (Poland), as a Response to the Climate Policy of the European Union." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.119.

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In the world, in Europe, and also in Poland the use of energy is growing rapidly, causing concern about the difficulty of supply, a depletion of non-renewable energy resources and the increase in negative impacts on the environment (ozone depletion, global warming, climate change, etc. caused by increased emissions of CO2) (Balaras et al. 2005). Political or economic attempts to enforce climate change, through the increase in the price of fossil fuels, lead to exclusion and growth of energy poverty therefore they cause social effects (fossil fuels become so expensive that a large part of the population cannot afford their combustion). The ideal solution would be a combination of activities aimed at the energy modernization of cities with sustainable strategies of their rebuilding. The purpose of the article is a search for the optimal way of spatial policies at the local level that enable implementation of the objectives of the energy policy of the European Union. Factors affecting changes in the pollutant emissions associated with the combustion of fossil fuels, depending on the energy efficiency of selected buildings were modelled with a use of deduction based on radial neural networks. The observations presented in this article may be relevant for other regions that are interested in reducing polutant emission and energy consumption of buildings, housing estates and cities. Taking the geographical context into account, it is especially important for those regions which benefit from financial support of the European Union.
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Nunzi, J. M., C. Fiorini, A. C. Etilé, P. Raimond, and F. Charra. "Seeding and all-optical patterning of polymers." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Fibers and Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppf.1997.btud.4.

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A key issue in the field of nonlinear optical polymers for second-order process is the achievement of a non-centrosymetric order. One challenging prospect is to achieve it by optical means in order to take full advantage of its rich processing capabilities. Indeed, the all-optical poling of polymers offers an interesting alternative to the realization of non-centrosymmetric structures. Of particular interest is the possibility to control extensively the spatial and tensorial properties of polymers using optical beams. 1
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Que, R., L. Houel-Renault, M. Temagoult, M. Lancry, K. Kalli, and B. Poumellec. "Photoluminescence Creation in CYTOP Optical Fiber by Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity and Poling in Glass Waveguides and Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppm.2022.bm3a.3.

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Spatial-selective photoluminescence in visible range was induced in the core of CYTOP fibers by femtosecond laser direct writing. This implemented optical property may have potential applications for luminescence-based fiber sensing for biomedical and environmental fields
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Herzog, Amir, and Amiel A. Ishaaya. "Spatial-coherence effect on damage occurrence in multimode optical fibers using nanosecond pulses." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgpp.2014.jm5a.13.

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Dussauze, M., V. Rodriguez, F. Adamietz, F. Bondu, A. Lepicard, T. Cardinal, and E. Fargin. "Spatial and geometry control of second order optical properties in inorganic amorphous materials." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgpp.2016.bt5b.4.

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Waagaard, Ole Henrik, Jon Thomas Kringlebotn, and Erik Magnus Bruvik. "Spatial characterization of strong FBGs using thermal linear chirp and optical frequency domain reflectometry." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgpp.2003.wc2.

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Svoboda, Jakub, David Najdek, and Pavel Fiala. "Realization of spatial image using diffractive structures." In 17th Slovak-Czech-Polish Optical Conference on Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.882114.

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Jonard, Maxime, Yann Leventoux, Maggy Colas, Sébastien Février, Tigran Mansuryan, Julie Cornette, Alessandro Tonello, Katarzyna Krupa, Jean-René Duclère, and Claire Lefort. "3D multiphoton characterization of χ(2) nonlinearity induced in a multimode fiber through optical poling." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2022.stu4p.6.

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We characterize the 3D spatial distribution of the quadratic susceptibility in an optically poled graded-index multimode fiber in presence of spatial beam self-cleaning. We also show how the poling process can improve the beam self-cleaning.
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Reports on the topic "Optimal Spatial Policy"

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Hodul, M., H. P. White, and A. Knudby. A report on water quality monitoring in Quesnel Lake, British Columbia, subsequent to the Mount Polley tailings dam spill, using optical satellite imagery. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330556.

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In the early morning on the 4th of August 2014, a tailings dam near Quesnel, BC burst, spilling approximately 25 million m3 of runoff containing heavy metal elements into nearby Quesnel Lake (Byrne et al. 2018). The runoff slurry, which included lead, arsenic, selenium, and vanadium spilled through Hazeltine Creek, scouring its banks and picking up till and forest cover on the way, and ultimately ended up in Quesnel Lake, whose water level rose by 1.5 m as a result. While the introduction of heavy metals into Quesnel Lake was of environmental concern, the additional till and forest cover scoured from the banks of Hazeltine Creek added to the lake has also been of concern to salmon spawning grounds. Immediate repercussions of the spill involved the damage of sensitive environments along the banks and on the lake bed, the closing of the seasonal salmon fishery in the lake, and a change in the microbial composition of the lake bed (Hatam et al. 2019). In addition, there appears to be a seasonal resuspension of the tailings sediment due to thermal cycling of the water and surface winds (Hamilton et al. 2020). While the water quality of Quesnel Lake continues to be monitored for the tailings sediments, primarily by members at the Quesnel River Research Centre, the sample-and-test methods of water quality testing used, while highly accurate, are expensive to undertake, and not spatially exhaustive. The use of remote sensing techniques, though not as accurate as lab testing, allows for the relatively fast creation of expansive water quality maps using sensors mounted on boats, planes, and satellites (Ritchie et al. 2003). The most common method for the remote sensing of surface water quality is through the use of a physics-based semianalytical model which simulates light passing through a water column with a given set of Inherent Optical Properties (IOPs), developed by Lee et al. (1998) and commonly referred to as a Radiative Transfer Model (RTM). The RTM forward-models a wide range of water-leaving spectral signatures based on IOPs determined by a mix of water constituents, including natural materials and pollutants. Remote sensing imagery is then used to invert the model by finding the modelled water spectrum which most closely resembles that seen in the imagery (Brando et al 2009). This project set out to develop an RTM water quality model to monitor the water quality in Quesnel Lake, allowing for the entire surface of the lake to be mapped at once, in an effort to easily determine the timing and extent of resuspension events, as well as potentially investigate greening events reported by locals. The project intended to use a combination of multispectral imagery (Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2), as well as hyperspectral imagery (DESIS), combined with field calibration/validation of the resulting models. The project began in the Autumn before the COVID pandemic, with plans to undertake a comprehensive fieldwork campaign to gather model calibration data in the summer of 2020. Since a province-wide travel shutdown and social distancing procedures made it difficult to carry out water quality surveying in a small boat, an insufficient amount of fieldwork was conducted to suit the needs of the project. Thus, the project has been put on hold, and the primary researcher has moved to a different project. This document stands as a report on all of the work conducted up to April 2021, intended largely as an instructional document for researchers who may wish to continue the work once fieldwork may freely and safely resume. This research was undertaken at the University of Ottawa, with supporting funding provided by the Earth Observations for Cumulative Effects (EO4CE) Program Work Package 10b: Site Monitoring and Remediation, Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, through the Natural Resources Canada Research Affiliate Program (RAP).
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