Academic literature on the topic 'Optical Properties'

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Journal articles on the topic "Optical Properties"

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Gridin, S. "Optical and scintillation properties of CsI:In crystals." Functional materials 20, no. 3 (September 25, 2013): 284–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm20.03.284.

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Abdubannopov, M. I., and Х. T. Yuldashev. "OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF SEMICONDUCTOR CRYSTALS." International Journal of Advance Scientific Research 03, no. 04 (April 1, 2023): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-04-12.

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Electronic elements are mainly made on the basis of semiconductor materials. Therefore, knowing the optical and photoelectric properties of electronic elements requires studying the structure of semiconductor materials, their differences from metals and dielectric materials, and the properties that are directly fundamental to semiconductor materials.
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Nakayama, T., H. Murotani, and T. Harada. "Optical characteristics and mechanical properties of optical thin films on weathered substrates." Chinese Optics Letters 11, S1 (2013): S10301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.s10301.

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Buckingham, D. "Optical Properties." Science 266, no. 5185 (October 28, 1994): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.266.5185.665.

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A. Jawad Almosawe, A. Jawad Almosawe, and H. L. Saadon H. L. Saadon. "Nonlinear optical and optical limiting properties of new structures of organic nonlinear optical materials for photonic applications." Chinese Optics Letters 11, no. 4 (2013): 041902–41906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.041902.

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Ji, Yiqin, Yugang Jiang, Huasong Liu, Lishuan Wang, Chenghui Jiang, and Deying Chen. "Aging ef fect of optical properties on low loss antireflection coatings for laser optics." Chinese Optics Letters 11, S1 (2013): S10405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.s10405.

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Samaryk, Volodymyr, Sergiy Varvarenko, Nataliya Nosova, Nataliia Fihurka, Anna Musyanovych, Katharina Landfester, Nadiya Popadyuk, and Stanislav Voronov. "Optical properties of hydrogels filled with dispersed nanoparticles." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 11, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht11.04.449.

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Sangawar, Vijaya S., and Manisha C. Golchha. "Optical Properties of ZnO/Low Density Polyethylene Nanocomposites." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 7 (June 1, 2012): 490–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/july2013/169.

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Gorbacheva, T. E. "Scintillation and optical properties of polycrystalline p-terphenyl." Functional materials 20, no. 2 (June 25, 2013): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm20.02.149.

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Naik, Pavan, and Dr R. B. lohani Dr. R B. lohani. "Study of Electro-Optical Properties of ZnO Nanostructures." Global Journal For Research Analysis 2, no. 1 (June 15, 2012): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778160/january2013/58.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Optical Properties"

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Park, Seung-Han. "Excitonic optical nonlinearities in semiconductors and semiconductor microstructures." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184551.

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This dissertation describes the study of excitonic optical nonlinearities in semiconductors and semiconductor microstructures. The main emphasis is placed on the evolution of optical nonlinearities as one goes from bulk to quantum-confined structures. Included are experimental studies of molecular-beam-epitaxially-grown bulk GaAs and ZnSe, GaAs/AlGaAs multiple-Quantum-Wells (MQW's), and finally, quantum-confined CdSe-doped glasses. The microscopic origins and magnitudes of the optical nonlinearities of bulk GaAs and ZnSe were investigated and the exciton recovery time in ZnSe was measured. A comparison with a plasma theory indicates that in GaAs, band filling and screening of the continuum-state Coulomb enhancement are the most efficient mechanisms, while in ZnSe, exciton screening and broadening are the dominating mechanism for the nonlinearity. The maximum nonlinear index per excited electron-hole pair of ZnSe at room temperature is comparable to that of bulk GaAs and the exciton recovery times are of the order of 100 ps or less. A systematic study of the dependence of the optical nonlinearities on quantum well thickness for GaAs/AlGaAs MQWs and the results of nonlinear optical switching and gain in a 58 A GaAs/AlGaAs MQW are reported and discussed. The maximum change in the refractive index is greatest for the MQWs with the smallest well size and decreases with increasing well size, reaching a minimum for bulk GaAs. The maximum index change per photoexcited carrier increases by a factor of 3 as the well size decreases from bulk to 76 A MQW. A differential energy gain of 0.2 and the contrast of 4 are measured for a 58 MQW using 3 ns laser pulses. The linear and nonlinear optical properties of CdSe semiconductor microcrystallites grown under different heat treatments in borosilicate glasses are investigated. Pump-probe spectroscopic techniques and interferometric techniques were employed to study size quantization effects in these microcrystallites (quantum dots). Nonlinear optical properties due to the transitions between quantum confined electron and hole states are reported for low temperature and room temperature. A relatively large homogeneous linewidth is observed. Single beam saturation experiments for quantum confined samples were performed to study the optical nonlinearities as a function of microcrystallite size. Results indicate that the saturation intensity is larger for smaller size quantum dots.
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Urban, Joanna. "Optical and vibrational properties." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30092.

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Les matériaux bidimensionnels avec une faible symétrie, conduisant à une anisotropie dans le plan des propriétés électroniques et optiques sont particulièrement intéressants du point de vue de l'application. Dans cette thèse, les propriétés optoélectroniques de trois matériaux stratifiés à anisotropie dans le plan, phosphore noir, disulfure de rhénium et franckéite, sont étudiées par spectroscopie optique. Le phosphore noir (BP), avec une structure orthorhombique plissée, présente une anisotropie significative dans le plan et une bande interdite directe qui varie fortement selon le nombre de couches. Un obstacle important du point de vue de la réalisation de dispositifs basés sur BP est sa dégradation dans les conditions ambiantes, qui peut être évitée par encapsulation, par exemple en utilisant du nitrure de bore hexagonal (h-BN). Nous avons étudié les propriétés vibratoires du phosphore noir encapsulé dans le h-BN à l'aide de la spectroscopie Raman et nous présentons ici la première observation expérimentale d'un nouveau pic théoriquement prévu légèrement au-dessus du mode A1g. Nous expliquons son apparition par une différence des fréquences de modes vibratoires dans les couches internes et les couches de surface, et nous discutons de cet effet dans le contexte du fort couplage entre couches dans BP et de l'influence de l'encapsulation sur les propriétés du réseau cristallin. La deuxième partie de cette thèse présente les résultats d'études de photoluminescence du disulfure de rhénium avec une épaisseur de quelques couches atomiques. La réponse optique de ReS2 est dominée par deux excitons anisotropes énergétiquement non dégénérés X1 autour de 1,55eV et X2 autour de 1,57 eV qui peuvent être observés en absorption et émission de la lumière polarisée linéairement. Une controverse existe sur le caractère de bande interdite de ReS2, en particulier sur la présence d'un passage de gap direct à gap indirect avec la variation de l'épaisseur. Nous avons étudié l'émission polarisée liée aux états excitoniques à basse température en fonction du nombre de couches et comparé les résultats expérimentaux avec les prédictions d'un modèle cinétique décrivant la recombinaison radiative et la diffusion entre états excitoniques. Nous concluons d'une part que les caractéristiques observées en photoluminescence sont liées à l'émission des états excitoniques associés à une bande interdite directe, et d'autre part que la bande interdite fondamentale est indirecte. Nous proposons un modèle ou un état excitonique associé à une bande interdite indirecte de plus basse énergie assiste au dépeuplement des états excitoniques directs. Sa présence explique l'intensité d'émission relativement faible et le rapport d'émission X1et X2observé.La franckéite, un minéral sulfuré complexe, a attiré l'attention en tant qu'hétérostructure na-turelle de type II composée de couches alternées pseudohexagonales et pseudotétragonales. Le caractère incommensurable des deux réseaux mène à une ondulation unidimensionnelle. La dernière partie de cette thèse décrit notre observation de la dépendance de polarisation anormale des modes Raman dans les couches de franckéite exfoliées, ce qui suggère la présence d'une anisotropie optique. L'observation de cette dépendance de polarisation pourrait être utilisée comme une méthode rapide et non invasive pour identifier la direction des ondulations
Atomically thin layered materials with low symmetry which leads to in-plane anisotropy of electronic and optical properties are particularly interesting from the point of view of applications. In this thesis, the optoelectronic properties of three layered materials within-plane anisotropy, black phosphorus, rhenium disulfide and franckeite are investigated using optical spectroscopy. Black phosphorus (BP), with a puckered orthorhombic structure, has significant in-plane anisotropy and a direct bandgap which varies strongly with the number of layers. A significant hindrance from the point of view of the realization of BP-based devices is its degradation in ambient conditions, which can be prevented by encapsulation, for example using hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). We have investigated the vibrational properties of h-BN encapsulated black phosphorus using Raman spectroscopy and report the first experimental observation of a theoretically predicted new peak slightly above the A1g mode. We explain its appearance by a difference of the mode frequencies in the inner and surface layers and discuss this effect in the context of the strong interlayer coupling in BP and the influence of the encapsulation on the lattice properties. The second part of this thesis presents the results of photoluminescence studies of few-layer rhenium disulfide. The optical response of ReS2is dominated by two energetically nondegenerate anisotropic excitons X1around 1.55 eV and X2 around 1.57 eV which can be observed in polarized absorption and emission. A controversy exists regarding the nature of the fundamental bandgap of ReS2, in particular the presence of a crossover from indirect to direct bandgap with changing thickness. We have studied the polarized emission related to the excitonic states at low temperature as a function of the number of layers and compared the experimental results with the predictions of a kinetic model describing the radiative recombination and scattering between excitonic states. We conclude that the features observed in photoluminescence arise due to hot emission from direct excitonic states and that a smaller, indirect bandgap and a related excitonic state are responsible for the depopulation of the direct states, the relatively weak emission intensity and the observed X1and X2 emission ratio. Franckeite, a complex sulfide mineral, has attracted attention as a natural type-II heterostructure composed of alternating pseudo-hexagonal and pseudo-tetragonal layers. The incommensurate character of the two lattices leads to one-dimensional rippling. The last part of this thesis describes our observation of anomalous polarization dependence of the Raman modes in exfoliated franckeite flakes, which suggested the presence of optical anisotropy and could be used as a rapid and non-invasive method to identify the rippling direction
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Rochford, Kent Blair. "Linear and nonlinear optical properties of polydiacetylene waveguides." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185340.

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The linear and nonlinear optical properties of a spin-coated polydiacetylene, [5,7-dodecadiyn-1,12-diol-bis(n-butoxy-carbonyl-methyl-urethane)], or poly(4BCMU), were measured to predict its performance in all-optical devices at 1.319 μm. Material requirements for all-optical devices were identified and figures-of-merit noted. A two-photon absorption figure of merit was verified by numerical simulation of a waveguide device. The refractive index and waveguide loss in spin-coated poly(4BCMU) films were measured. A photo-induced bleaching was observed, and its effect on linear and nonlinear optical properties was quantified. Fabrication of integrated-optical structures using this photobleaching process was demonstrated. The nonlinear refractive index and absorption were measured at 1.319 μm with 60 picosecond laser pulses, using poly(4BCMU) strip-loaded channel waveguides. A novel pulse-modulated interferometer was developed for measuring the intensity-dependent refractive index. The fast electronic contribution was found to be n₂ = (4.8 ± 2.7) x 10⁻⁸ cm²/MW, an a slower thermal contribution of n₂(T) = -(7.9 ± 4.5) x 10⁻¹¹ cm²/MW was measured. The thermal index change was shown to limit the duty cycle of operation for a poly(4BCMU) device. The two-photon absorption coefficient was also measured, yielding γ < 0.25 cm/GW. These values were used to estimate performance of a poly(4BCMU) all-optical device using standard figures-of-merit. For this specific waveguide, the figures-of-merit indicated poor performance. If waveguide losses were neglected, (by assuming improved fabrication for example), and assuming the nonlinearity does not saturate at intensities below the damage threshold, the figures-of-merit improve to useful levels. The limit on duty cycle imposed by thermal effects appears to restrict operation to GHz frequencies of slower.
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Li, Qing. "Optical properties of III-nitride semiconductors." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30162488.

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Gleeson, H. F. "Optical and electro-optical properties of chiral mesophases." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383374.

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Alshammary, Marzook. "Optical and magneto-optical properties of doped oxides." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2066/.

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This study aimed to understand the optical and magneto-optical properties of pure, transition metals doped, and tin and transition metals co-doped In2O3 thin films grown in various growth conditions, and aimed to investigate the role of the oxygen defect states in every situation. Indium oxide doped with magnetic transition metals is a promising material for spintronics. This study presents results on the magnetic, transport, optical and magneto-optical properties of thin films of pure and transition metal (Fe,Co) doped In2O3 investigated at different transition metal concentrations and at different growth conditions. The optical and magneto-optical measurements at low temperature confirmed the formation of the defect states associated with oxygen vacancies within the forbidden range of the optical band gap energy of In2O3 and located below the conduction band. The density of the donor states is tuned using the oxygen partial pressureto give oxygen vacancies or by doping with tin; this gives control over the carrier concentration in the system as well as affecting the magnetic properties. This study developed optical and magneto-optical systems and undertook the world's first optical and magneto-optical measurements of In2O3. A new lab-based alternative technique to the Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structurewas developed to identify the existence of magnetic nanoparticles in addition to provide the fraction and the contribution of these nanoparticles to the magnetisation and magneto-optical properties. The Maxwell-Garnett analysis of magnetic circular dichroism was used to obtain quantitative measures of the amount of defect phases present for Co metal. Similar to Maxwell-Garnett analysis, a new equation for Fe3O4 nanoparticles was developed in this study. This magneto-optical method was found to be more precise than EXAFS in determining the fraction and the contribution of nanoparticles to the total response of the system. However, these nanoparticles disappeared when thin films were co-doped with tin, indicating that doping with Sn not only introduced more carriers but also inhibited the growth of defect phases in semi magnetic semiconductor thin films. Finally, this study identified the origin of the magnetism in the class of magnetic oxides whereferromagnetism originated from the polarized electrons in localized donor states associated with the oxygen vacancy defect.
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Papapanayotou, I. "Chemical properties and optical properties of carbonaceous particles." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383288.

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Auguié, Baptiste. "Optical properties of gold nanostructures." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/73955.

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The optical properties of gold in the visible are dominated by the response of the free conduction electrons to light. In gold nanostructures, the surface charge density adopts a configuration that is constrained by the shape of the nanoparticles. As a result, the scattering of light by gold nanoparticles exhibits a resonant response characterised by a strong scattering and absorption in a narrow range of frequencies. The spectral range of this \emph{localised surface plasmon resonance} (LSPR) can be tuned by varying the size and shape of the gold nanoparticle --- the nanoparticles act as nanoscale antennas for the visible light. Confirmation of this scaling rule is obtained by conducting experiments with nanoparticles of varying size and aspect ratio. Such particles are fabricated by electron-beam lithography, and characterised by dark-field spectroscopy. Not only does the LSPR shift in frequency with a change of particle size, but its spectral lineshape is also modified. The intensity and width of the LSPR are dictated by a variety of factors that are related to the intrinsic material properties (the complex dielectric function of gold), and to the particle geometry and environment. The optical response of small gold nanorods is well described by a simple oscillating dipole model --- the incident electromagnetic field induces a current in the particle that re-radiates light (scattering). A series of refinements can be made to model more accurately the optical response of realistic particles. If the dipole moment characterising the particle is allowed to vary in phase across the particle, retardation effects provide a correction for the effective dipole moment of the particle. As the particle size approaches the wave length in the surrounding medium, the dipolar approximation breaks down and higher order multipoles need to be considered. The Mie theory provides a very accurate description of the response of spheres of arbitrary size. Further, the T-matrix and other numerical techniques can be employed to accurately reproduce the scattering properties of particles of arbitrary shapes. When the scattering sample consists of a collection of gold nanoparticles, the collective optical response is affected by two key factors. First, the measured LSPR is a convolution of the distribution of particle sizes with the individual response of a single particle. This leads to an inhomogeneous broadening of the LSPR lineshape. Second, the light that is scattered by one such particle near resonance can strongly affect its neighbours which scatter light in proportion to the net field they experience, that is the sum of the incident field plus the perturbation arising from the neighbouring particles. The onset of such multiple scattering events is observed even for particle separations that are several times larger than the particle size. Several regimes of interaction can be distinguished according to the ratio separation / wavelength. First, when the particles are in close proximity (separation $\ll$ wavelength), near-field interactions dominate and result in a spectral shift of the LSPR accompanied with a spectral broadening. Second, when the separation is commensurate with the wavelength, a coherent interaction can develop that couples a large number of particles. In ordered arrays, such coupling gives rise to a geometrical resonance that can strongly affect the LSPR of the particles. In particular a sharp spectral feature is observed that depends on both the single particle response and the geometrical arrangement of the particles in the array. The coherence of such multiple scattering in diffractive arrays of gold nanoparticles can be broken by introducing disorder in the distribution of particle sizes, or in the particle positions. The optical properties of an irregular array reflect the departure from a periodic system and the spectral lineshape evolves as the level of disorder is increased. In the limit of uncorrelated positions, the diffractive coupling is suppressed and the response of the collection of the particles rejoins the response of isolated particles.
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Crook, Robert J. "Optical properties of organic waveguides." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359604.

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Zhou, Yuming. "Optical properties of living organisms." Thesis, Open University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301878.

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Books on the topic "Optical Properties"

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National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), ed. Optical properties. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1998.

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1932-, Weber Marvin J., ed. Optical materials: Properties. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1986.

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Ganeev, Rashid A. Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013.

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Martinez, G., ed. Optical Properties of Semiconductors. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8075-5.

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Zaitsev, Alexander M. Optical Properties of Diamond. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04548-0.

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Klingshirn, C., ed. Optical Properties. Part 2. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b98078.

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Klingshirn, C., ed. Optical Properties. Part 1. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b55683.

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Kasper, E., and C. Klingshirn, eds. Optical Properties. Part 3. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-47055-7.

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1934-, Hummel Rolf E., Guenther Karl H, and Wissmann P. 1936-, eds. Handbook of optical properties. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1995.

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Jan, Vlieger, ed. Optical properties of surfaces. London: Imperial College Press, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Optical Properties"

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Gonçalves, Carla M. B., Joa˜o A. P. Coutinho, and Isabel M. Marrucho. "Optical Properties." In Poly(Lactic Acid), 97–112. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470649848.ch8.

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Miller, L. S. "Optical Properties." In Electronic Materials, 25–32. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3818-9_4.

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Itoh, Tadashi, Tsutomu Araki, Masaaki Ashida, Tetsuo Iwata, Kiyofumi Muro, and Noboru Yamada. "Optical Properties." In Springer Handbook of Metrology and Testing, 587–663. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16641-9_11.

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Onuma, Takeyoshi. "Optical Properties." In Gallium Oxide, 475–500. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37153-1_27.

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Bányai, Ladislaus Alexander. "Optical Properties." In A Compendium of Solid State Theory, 111–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37359-7_6.

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Lentes, Frank-Thomas, Marc K. Th Clement, Norbert Neuroth, Hans-Jürgen Hoffmann, Yuiko T. Hayden, Joseph S. Hayden, Uwe Kolberg, and Silke Wolff. "Optical Properties." In The Properties of Optical Glass, 19–164. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57769-7_2.

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Itoh, Tadashi, Tsutomu Araki, Masaaki Ashida, Tetsuo Iwata, Kiyofumi Muro, and Noboru Yamada. "Optical Properties." In Springer Handbook of Materials Measurement Methods, 531–607. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30300-8_11.

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Grundmann, Marius. "Optical Properties." In Graduate Texts in Physics, 265–307. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13884-3_9.

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Sirdeshmukh, D. B., L. Sirdeshmukh, and K. G. Subhadra. "Optical Properties." In Alkali Halides, 103–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04341-7_4.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Optical Properties." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 504. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_8222.

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Conference papers on the topic "Optical Properties"

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Garmire, Elsa. "Optical Nonlinearities Due to Carrier Transport in Semiconductors." In Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlopm.1988.md1.

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This paper describes a new class of optical nonlinearities which can be important in semiconductors. This nonlinearity relies on the motion of optically-excited carriers due to internal fields within the semiconductor. Such fields can exist. for example. in semiconductor depletion regions. The charge motion sets up a resultant space charge which acts opposite to the internal fields, reducing their value. The resultant decrease in electric field changes the absorption and/or refractive index through electro-absorption, electro-refraction, electro-optic effect or quantum confined Stark effect, depending on the geometry. To understand these new nonlinearities, we draw from concepts of photorefractivity, n-i-p-i structures, the quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) in multiple quantum wells (MQW), and relations to the self-electro-optic effect device (SEED).
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Miller, A., and R. J. Manning. "Transient Optical Nonlinearities in Multiple Quantum Well Structures: Four Wave Mixing, Anisotropic Carrier Diffusion and the Quantum Confined Stark Effect." In Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlopm.1988.tub3.

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Multiple quantum well (MQW) semiconductors can exhibit a number of nonlinear optical phenomena associated with the clearly resolved, room temperature excitons. These are of practical interest for optically bistable devices, mode-locking of semiconductor lasers and phase conjugation. For instance, refractive nonlinearities associated with the saturation of the exciton can be very sensitive [1]. The quantum confined Stark effect can also be employed to produce optical nonlinearities at low power [2,3].
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Jäger, Dieter. "Large Optical Nonlinearities in Hybrid Semiconductor Devices." In Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlopm.1988.md5.

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In hybrid semiconductor devices artificial optical nonlinearities can occur as a result of combined optoelectronic and electro-optical effects. The principle of such a two-step process is discussed in detail where basic structures as shown in Fig. 1 are considered. In particular, the device is assumed to exhibit firstly the properties of an optoelectronic photodetector, where optical power is absorbed to generate a photocurrent. Secondly, it is assumed that the same device simultaneously behaves as a modulator, where electrical signals control the optical output by using some electro-optical mechanisms. Obviously, both properties are coupled by the photocurrent which finally leads to a self-interaction process. As a result, a self-electro-optic effect occurs giving rise to an effective optical nonlinearity according to the following scheme As can be seen, an artificial optical nonlinearity is obtained which can electrically, i. e. externally be controlled.
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Kuzyk, M. G., K. D. Singer, H. E. Zahn, and L. A. King. "Controlling the Second Order Nonlinear Optical Tensor Properties of Poled Films With Stress." In Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlopm.1988.wa3.

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The large electronic second order nonlinear optical susceptibilities of organic molecules can be built into bulk systems by imparting polar orientational order to an ensemble of nonlinear optical dopants. The noncentrosymmetric orientational order required for second order nonlinear optical processes in noncrystalline materials, such as molecule-doped liquid crystals and polymer glasses, has been demonstrated using electric field poling.[1] [2] [3] [4] The relationship between the second order molecular tensor susceptibility and the bulk tensor susceptibility of a polymer doped with optically nonlinear molecules has been recently calculated in the mean field approximation for poled materials under the influence of other bulk ordering forces [5] such as uniaxial stress. [6] Also, it has been previously shown that optical second harmonic generation can be a sensitive probe of molecular order.[7] In this paper, the tensor properties of the second order susceptibility of films poled under uniaxial stress in the direction of the poling field are determined. It is shown that both the magnitude and tensor properties of the second order susceptibility can be continuously varied with poling field and stress.
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Bierlein, J. D. "Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) Properties and New Applications." In Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlopm.1988.wc2.

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KTP is a superior material for various nonlinear optical applications including second harmonic generation of the Nd:YAG 1.06 micron laser1. It is not hydroscopic, has large nonlinear optic coefficients and high damage thresholds, has small beam walkoff, and has large thermal and angular bandwidths. In addition KTP has large electrooptic coefficients and low dielectric constants which make it potentially useful for electrooptic applications.2 It has the largest optical waveguide modulator figure-of-merit of any known inorganic material.
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6

Glass, A. M. "Photorefractive Optical Nonlinearities." In Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlopm.1988.mc1.

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Kubodera, K., S. Tomaru, H. Kobayashi, T. Kanetake, K. Ishikawa, T. Koda, K. Takeda, Y. Tokura, and S. Koshihara. "Evaluation of Third-Order Susceptibility of Vacuum-Deposited Polydiacetylene Thin Films." In Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlopm.1988.wb1.

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Polydiacetylene (PDA) has high potential for use in nonlinear optical devices, such as optically gated switches and optical bistable devices, because it has large third-order nonlinearity due to one-dimensional conjugated π-electrons in its backbone chains. This material has the advantage of very fast response time and fairly small absorption loss. Nonlinear optical measurements have been performed for various sample forms, single crystals1) solvent-cast films, Langumuir-Blodgett (LB) films2), and vacuum-deposited films3),4). Among these, vacuum-deposited films are easiest to prepare because the process is dry and not time-consuming. However, the measured χ(3) values for films deposited by the usual method were not so large (≃ 1 × 10−11 esu) compared with those of single crystals1) and LB films2). This paper reports on the fairly large χ(3) value that has been observed in a highly-oriented epitaxial PDA thin film prepared by a successful vacuum-deposition method. This χ(3) value is larger than LB films and comparable to that of single crystals. To properly evaluate the χ(3) value, a third-harmonic generation (THG) measurement system with high accuracy has been set up.
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Prasad, Paras N. "Optical Nonlinearities of Polymers." In Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlopm.1988.tuc4.

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This talk will include selective results from our comprehensive program in nonlinear optical effects in organic molecules and polymers. We have calculated microscopic nonlinearities of organic molecules in several series of conjugated structures using ab-initio SCF approach coupled with the finite field method. The effects of increase in the II - electron conjugation length, molecular conformation, heavy atom effect and the role of substitutes have been investigated in order to derive an understanding of molecular structure-property relation so that structural parameters associated with enhanced optical nonlinearities can be identified. This theoretical study has been complemented with the measurements of optical nonlinearities in sequentially built and systematically derivatized structures.
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Meredith, Gerald R. "Optical Nonlinearities in Organics." In Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlopm.1988.ma1.

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Major advances are being made in the science and technologies of nonlinear optics with organics. Therefore, in addition to reviewing fundamentals, a critical overview of models, calculations, experimental methods and results, and material scouting and development efforts is presented.
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Chemla, D. S. "Optical Nonlinearities in Semiconductors." In Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlopm.1988.tua1.

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Nonlinear optical processes in semiconductors presents some very specific aspects which originate from the nature and properties of elementary electronic excitations in these materials. In this talk we discuss the origins and characteristics of nonlinear optical effects in semiconductors and we illustrate our presentation with selected experimental results.
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Reports on the topic "Optical Properties"

1

Roesler, Collin S. Particulate Optical Closure: Reconciling Optical Properties of Individual Particles with Bulk Optical Properties. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada300437.

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2

Self, S. A. Optical properties of flyash. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5991403.

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Self, S. A. Optical properties of flyash. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6164447.

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Self, S. A. Optical properties of flyash. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7245066.

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Self, S. A. Optical properties of flyash. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5127564.

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Self, S. A. Optical properties of flyash. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7027281.

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Self, S. A. Optical properties of flyash. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7069514.

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Self, S. A. Optical properties of flyash. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7069542.

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9

Self, S. A. Optical properties of flyash. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5601114.

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10

Klepfer, Robert O., Madarasz III, and Frank L. Excitonic Nonlinear Optical Properties. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada311109.

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