We are proudly a Ukrainian website. Our country was attacked by Russian Armed Forces on Feb. 24, 2022.
You can support the Ukrainian Army by following the link: https://u24.gov.ua/.
Even the smallest donation is hugely appreciated!
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Optical frequency stabilization.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Yan, Yeguang, Gang Liu, Haixiao Lin, Kaifeng Yin, Kun Wang, and Jixi Lu. "VCSEL frequency stabilization for optically pumped magnetometers." Chinese Optics Letters 19, no. 12 (2021): 121407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202119.121407.
Reynolds, F. C., and J. J. McFerran. "Optical frequency stabilization with a synchronous frequency-to-voltage converter." Applied Optics 58, no. 12 (April 15, 2019): 3128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.58.003128.
Zhadnov, N. O., and A. V. Masalov. "Temperature-compensated optical cavities for laser frequency stabilization." Laser Physics Letters 20, no. 3 (January 19, 2023): 030001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1612-202x/acb1ad.
Abstract We propose a method for thermal expansion compensation of reference monolithic optical cavities for laser frequency stabilization. Two schemes of optical cavities are considered: a Fabry–Perot interferometer with a crimp ring and a whispering-gallery-mode cavity with a clamp. In each scheme, thermal expansion compensation is achieved due to the strained connection of the cavity with an element made of a material with a high coefficient of thermal expansion. The temperature range of the cavities’ optical length stabilization is estimated.
5
Shiguang Wang, Shiguang Wang, Jianwei Zhang Jianwei Zhang, Zhengbo Wang Zhengbo Wang, Bo Wang Bo Wang, Weixin Liu Weixin Liu, Yanying Zhao Yanying Zhao, and Lijun Wang Lijun Wang. "Frequency stabilization of a 214.5-nm ultraviolet laser." Chinese Optics Letters 11, no. 3 (2013): 031401–31403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.031401.
Lam, Timothy T. Y., Bram J. J. Slagmolen, Jong H. Chow, Ian C. M. Littler, David E. McClelland, and Daniel A. Shaddock. "Digital Laser Frequency Stabilization Using an Optical Cavity." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 46, no. 8 (August 2010): 1178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.2010.2044867.
Jones, R. Jason, and Jean-Claude Diels. "Stabilization of Femtosecond Lasers for Optical Frequency Metrology and Direct Optical to Radio Frequency Synthesis." Physical Review Letters 86, no. 15 (April 9, 2001): 3288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.86.3288.
Greiner, C., B. Boggs, T. Wang, and T. W. Mossberg. "Laser frequency stabilization by means of optical self-heterodyne beat-frequency control." Optics Letters 23, no. 16 (August 15, 1998): 1280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.23.001280.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Optical frequency stabilization":
1
Ho, Diane Shan-Yuan. "Frequency stabilization of an optical FDM system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14033.
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1990. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-59). by Diane Shan-Yuan Ho. M.S.
2
Rydberg, Olof. "Stabilization of an optical frequency comb to an external cavity." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93439.
The subject of this master's thesis is stabilizing a frequency comb laser to an external cavity using a couple of servo controllers. The aim of the project was to build a pair of servo controllers, replacing parts of the existing commercial and proprietary solution already in use. The system under control is an optical frequency comb, which is locked to an external cavity and is used for trace gas detection and spectroscopy. The comb is a broadband light source and needs to be locked to the external cavity in order to achieve maximum transmission through the cavity. The goal was to replace two of the original controllers and try to improve the locking capabilities of the system. The controllers were also supposed to be customizable and for that reason the control system with all its components was built on breadboards and confined in an aluminium box. Control circuits were built for the purpose, one for controlling the comb offset frequency by modulating the pump diode current, the other for controlling the repetition rate of the comb laser by altering the length of the laser cavity using a piezo-electric transducer (PZT). A commercial and proprietary servo controller was also in the system, controlling an intra-cavity electro-optic modulator. It was kept for controlling the higher frequency region, for which the PZT no longer worked. In order to simulate and design the system, Matlab was used with functions described by both theoretically and experimentally obtained mathematical equations. The controllers were tested thoroughly in order to make sure they acted according to the intended design, before they were tested with the laser. After an initial lock was obtained, the controllers were optimized further using both experimental and theoretical methods until the lock was optimized and the transmission through the cavity was maximized. The error signals that were used for controlling the system were monitored with both an oscilloscope and a spectrum analyser, the latter producing a spectrum with the power ratio plotted versus frequency. The transmission intensity through the cavity was measured when a good lock had been achieved and the results were analysed by applying a Fourier transform to the measured data. This was done with both the old controllers and the new controllers and the resulting plots were compared. Analysis showed that the new control system yielded a transmission signal with a slightly reduced noise level compared to the signal resulting from using the old controllers. The results from the spectrum analyser also showed slightly reduced error signals for the new controllers compared to those of the old controllers. When summarising this work it can be concluded that the goals set up at the start were achieved with results living up to the expectations. The results also verified that such a control system can be built for locking an optical frequency comb to an external cavity with simple and rather cheap components and with good results.
3
Dawkins, Samuel T. "Sapphire room temperature optical frequency reference : design, construction and application." University of Western Australia. School of Physics, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0200.
A pair of high-stability optical frequency references has been developed. The devices are based on room temperature Fabry-Perot cavities with mirrors spaced apart by a hollow single-crystal sapphire element. The sapphire element delivers mechanical sti ness that provides improved immunity to vibrational perturbations compared with the more common spacers made from ultra-low expansion glass. The system is housed in an vacuum chamber designed to provide isolation from environmental perturbations through the use of an active thermal control system, suspension legs and a unique beam alignment system. The dimensional stability of the Fabry-Perot was translated into a highly stable laser frequency by frequency locking a 1064nm Nd:YAG laser to the centre of a mode of the cavity. This frequency lock was implemented by the Pound-Drever-Hall scheme. By careful design, this control system was able to hold the frequency of the laser to within parts in 1016 of the frequency of the fundamental cavity mode. The minimum fractional frequency stability of the laser frequency was measured at 2.1x10[-]14 for integration times of 0.8 s, limited by the residual instability of the Fabry-Perot cavity. The experimental methods used to measure the performance of the system have also been considered in depth. For example, the most common way of characterizing the frequency stability of a frequency standard is the Allan variance. It is demonstrated that, without care, data taken with modern frequency counters can produce erroneous and distorted results when their output is supplied to this algorithm. The method to avoid or account for these errors is also presented. The Fabry-Perot cavity performance is limited on long timescales by residual temperature uctuations, which can be ameliorated in future by enhancing the design of the thermal control system. At short timescales, the system is limited by vibration-induced uctuations together with a white noise source, that is yet to be identi ed, but may relate to fundamental thermodynamic temperature uctuations of the sapphire spacer. This system was used to measure the stability of an optical signal synthesised from a cryogenic microwave sapphire oscillator using an wide-band optical frequency comb. This was the rst demonstration of a multiplication of an ultra-stable signal from the microwave frequency domain into the optical frequency domain, without loss of delity at the level of 2x10[-]14.
4
Turghun, Matniyaz. "Free-space NPR mode locked erbrium doped fiber laser based frequency comb for optical frequency measurement." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18682.
Master of Science Department of Physics Brian R. Washburn This thesis reports our attempt towards achieving a phase stabilized free-space nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) mode locked erbium doped fiber laser frequency comb system. Optical frequency combs generated by mode-locked femtosecond fiber lasers are vital tools for ultra-precision frequency metrology and molecular spectroscopy. However, the comb bandwidth and average output power become the two main limiting elements in the application of femtosecond optical frequency combs.
We have specifically investigated the free-space mode locking dynamics of erbium-doped fiber (EDF) mode-locked ultrafast lasers via nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) in the normal dispersion regime. To do so, we built a passively mode-locked fiber laser based on NPR with a repetition rate of 89 MHz producing an octave-spanning spectrum due to supercontinuum (SC) generation in highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF). Most significantly, we have achieved highly stable self-starting NPR mode-locked femtosecond fiber laser based frequency comb which has been running mode locked for the past one year without any need to redo the mode locking.
By using the free-space NPR comb scheme, we have not only shortened the cavity length, but also have obtained 5 to 10 times higher output power (more than 30 mW at central wavelength of 1570 nm) and much broader spectral comb bandwidth (about 54 nm) compared to conventional all-fiber cavity structure with less than 1 mW average output power and only 10 nm spectral bandwidth.
The pulse output from the NPR comb is amplified through a 1 m long EDF, then compressed by a length of anomalous dispersion fiber to a near transform limited pulse duration. The amplified transform limited pulse, with an average power of 180 mW and pulse duration of 70 fs, is used to generate a supercontinuum of 140 mW. SC generation via propagation in HNLF is optimized for specific polling period and heating temperature of PPLN crystal for SHG around 1030 nm.
At last, we will also discuss the attempt of second harmonic generation (SHG) by quasi phase matching in the periodically polled lithium niobate (PPLN) crystal due to nonlinear effect corresponding to different polling period and heating temperature.
5
Döringshoff, Klaus. "Optical frequency references based on hyperfine transitions in molecular iodine." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19156.
Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Entwicklung und Untersuchung von optischen Absolutfrequenzreferenzen basierend auf rovibronischen Übergängen in molekularen Jod. Dabei werden Methoden der Doppler-freien Sättigungsspektroskopie angewendet, um einzelne Übergänge der Hyperfeinstruktur mit Linienbreiten unterhalb von 1 MHz im B-X System von molekularem Iod bei 532 nm, der zweiten harmonischen des Nd:YAG-Laser, aufzulösen. Elektronische Regelungstechniken ermöglichen eine präzise Stabilisierung der optischen Frequenz auf die Linienmitte der Übergänge mit einer Auflösung von Teilen in 10^5.
Mit dem Ziel einer weltraumtauglichen Absolutfrequenzreferenz für zukünftige Weltraummissionen, wurden zwei Spektroskopiemodule konzipiert und in quasi-monolithischen Glaskeramik-Aufbauten, als sogenanntes elegant breadboard model und engineering model, realisiert. Diese Jodfrequenzreferenzen wurden im Detail in Bezug auf ihre Frequenzstabilität und Reproduzierbarkeit untersucht und Letzteres wurde für die angestrebte Weltraumqualifizierung ersten Umwelttests, sowohl vibrations- als auch thermischen Belastungstests, unterzogen.
Für die Untersuchung der Frequenzstabilität dieser Jodreferenzen wurde ein auf einen optischen Resonator hoher Güte stabilisiertes Lasersystem für direkte Frequenzvergleiche bei 1064 nm realisiert. Die Analyse der Frequenzstabilität der Jod Referenzen zeigt eine Frequenzstabilität von 6x10^−15 bei 1 s, und weniger als 2x10^−15 bei 100 s Integrationszeit, was der bis heute besten veröffentlichten Frequenzstabilität entspricht die mit Jod Referenzen erreicht wurde.
Mit der erreichten Frequenzstabilität ermöglichen diese Absolutfrequenzreferenzen präzise Lasersysteme für zukünftige Weltraummissionen wie z.B. zur Detektion von Gravitationswellen, zur Vermessung des Gravitationsfelds der Erde oder für Präzisionstest fundamentaler Theorien der Physik. This thesis deals with the development and investigation of optical absolute frequency references based on rovibronic transitions in molecular iodine. Doppler-free saturation spectroscopy methods are employed to resolve individual transitions of the hyperfine structure with linewidths below 1 MHz in the B-X system of molecular iodine at 532 nm with the second harmonic of Nd:YAG lasers. Electronic feedback control systems are employed for laser frequency stabilization to the line center of the optical transitions with a line splitting of 10^5.
With the goal of a space qualified optical absolute frequency reference for future laser-interferometric space missions, two spectroscopy setups were designed and realized in quasi-monolithic, glass-ceramic setups as so called elegant bread board model and engineering model. These iodine references were characterized in detail with respect to their frequency stability and reproducibility and the engineering model was subject to environmental tests, including vibrations and thermal cycling to verify its applicability in future space missions.
For the investigation of the frequency instability of these iodine references, a frequency stabilized laser system was realized based on a temperature controlled high Finesse ULE cavity for direct frequency comparisons at 1064 nm. Analysis of the frequency stability of the iodine references revealed exceptionally low fractional frequency instability of 6x10^−15 at 1 s, averaging down to less than 2×10^−15 at 100 s integration time, constituting the best reported stability achieved with iodine references to date.
With the demonstrated performance, these absolute frequency references enable precision laser systems required for future space missions that are dedicated to, e.g., the detection of gravitational waves, mapping of the Earth’s gravitational field or precision test of fundamental physics.
6
Quinlan, Franklyn. "LOW NOISE, HIGH REPETITION RATE SEMICONDUCTOR-BASED MODE-LOCKED LASERS FOR SIGNAL PROCESSING AND COHERENT COMMUNICATIONS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3393.
This dissertation details work on high repetition rate semiconductor mode-locked lasers. The qualities of stable pulse trains and stable optical frequency content are the focus of the work performed. First, applications of such lasers are reviewed with particular attention to applications only realizable with laser performance such as presented in this dissertation. Sources of timing jitter are also reviewed, as are techniques by which the timing jitter of a 10 GHz optical pulse train may be measured. Experimental results begin with an exploration of the consequences on the timing and amplitude jitter of the phase noise of an RF source used for mode-locking. These results lead to an ultralow timing jitter source, with 30 fs of timing jitter (1 Hz to 5 GHz, extrapolated). The focus of the work then shifts to generating a stabilized optical frequency comb. The first technique to generating the frequency comb is through optical injection. It is shown that not only can injection locking stabilize a mode-locked laser to the injection seed, but linewidth narrowing, timing jitter reduction and suppression of superfluous optical supermodes of a harmonically mode-locked laser also result. A scheme by which optical injection locking can be maintained long term is also proposed. Results on using an intracavity etalon for supermode suppression and optical frequency stabilization then follow. An etalon-based actively mode-locked laser is shown to have a timing jitter of only 20 fs (1Hz-5 GHz, extrapolated), optical linewidths below 10 kHz and optical frequency instabilities less than 400 kHz. By adding dispersion compensating fiber, the optical spectrum was broadened to 2 THz and 800 fs duration pulses were obtained. By using the etalon-based actively mode-locked laser as a basis, a completely self-contained frequency stabilized coupled optoelectronic oscillator was built and characterized. By simultaneously stabilizing the optical frequencies and the pulse repetition rate to the etalon, a 10 GHz comb source centered at 1550 nm was realized. This system maintains the high quality performance of the actively mode-locked laser while significantly reducing the size weight and power consumption of the system. This system also has the potential for outperforming the actively mode-locked laser by increasing the finesse and stability of the intracavity etalon. The final chapter of this dissertation outlines the future work on the etalon-based coupled optoelectronic oscillator, including the incorporation of a higher finesse, more stable etalon and active phase noise suppression of the RF signal. Two appendices give details on phase noise measurements that incorporate carrier suppression and the noise model for the coupled optoelectronic oscillator. Ph.D. Optics and Photonics Optics and Photonics Optics PhD
Noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectro-metry (NICE-OHMS) is one of the most sensitive laser-based absorption techniques. The high sensitivity of NICE-OHMS is obtained by a unique combination of cavity enhancement (for increased interaction length with a sample) with frequency modulation spectrometry (for reduction of noise). Moreover, sub-Doppler detection is possible due to the presence of high intensity counter-propagating waves inside an external resonator, which provides an excellent spectral selectivity. The high sensitivity and selectivity make NICE-OHMS particularly suitable for trace gas detection. Despite this, the technique has so far not been often used for practical applications due to its technical complexity, originating primarily from the requirement of an active stabilization of the laser frequency to a cavity mode. The main aim of the work presented in this thesis has been to develop a simpler and more robust NICE-OHMS instrumentation without compro-mising the high sensitivity and selectivity of the technique. A compact NICE-OHMS setup based on a fiber laser and a fiber-coupled electro-optic modulator has been constructed. The main advantage of the fiber laser is its narrow free-running linewidth, which significantly simplifies the frequency stabilization procedure. It has been demonstrated, using acetylene and carbon dioxide as pilot species, that the system is capable of detecting relative absorption down to 3 × 10-9 on a Doppler-broadened transition, and sub-Doppler optical phase shift down to 1.6 × 10-10, the latter corresponding to a detection limit of 1 × 10-12 atm of C2H2. Moreover, the potential of dual frequency modulation dispersion spectrometry (DFM-DS), an integral part of NICE-OHMS, for concentration measurements has been assessed. This thesis contributes also to the theoretical description of Doppler-broadened and sub-Doppler NICE-OHMS signals, as well as DFM-DS signals. It has been shown that the concentration of an analyte can be deduced from a Doppler-broadened NICE-OHMS signal detected at an arbitrary and unknown detection phase, provided that a fit of the theoretical lineshape to the experimental data is performed. The influence of optical saturation on Doppler-broadened NICE-OHMS signals has been described theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. In particular, it has been shown that the Doppler-broadened dispersion signal is unaffected by optical saturation in the Doppler limit. An expression for the sub-Doppler optical phase shift, valid for high degrees of saturation, has been derived and verified experimentally up to degrees of saturation of 100.
8
Möhle, Katharina. "Piezoelectrically tunable optical cavities for the gravitational wave detector LISA." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16745.
LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) ist ein geplanter Gravitationswellendetektor, der aus drei Satelliten bestehen soll, deren Abstand mit Hilfe von Laserinterferometrie überwacht wird. Die hohe Frequenzstabilität der Laser, die dafür benötigt wird, soll mit einem dreistufigen Verfahren erreicht werden. Dieses beinhaltet eine Vorstabilisierung, die nicht nur hohe Stabilität sondern auch Durchstimmbarkeit aufweisen muss. Eine Möglichkeit so eine durchstimmbare Vorstabilisierung zu realisieren ist die Verwendung eines optischen Resonators mit eingebautem Piezoaktuator. Dies ist an sich kein neuer Ansatz, wurde bisher allerdings noch nicht mit der geforderten Stabilität realisiert. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden verschiedene piezoelektrisch durchstimmbaren Resonatoren aufgebaut und hinsichtlich ihres Rauschverhaltens und Durchstimmbereichs untersucht. Dabei konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Resonatoren alle Anforderungen an eine durchstimmbare Vorstabilisierung für LISA erfüllen. Darüber hinaus gibt die hier präsentierte Arbeit einen neuen Einblick in das Potential von piezoelektrisch durchstimmbaren Resonatoren. Ihre Stabilität ist nur eine Größenordnung geringer als die der besten nicht durchstimmbaren Resonatoren der gleichen Länge und das gemessene Rauschen kann dabei nicht nicht den Piezoaktuatoren zugeordnet werden. Es sollte also prinzipiell möglich sein noch bessere Stabilitäten mit piezoelektrisch durchstimmbaren Resonatoren zu erzielen. In der Tat zeigen theoretische Untersuchungen, die im Rahmen dieser Arbeit durchgeführt wurden, dass die intrinsische Stabilität eines Resonators durch den Einbau eines Piezoaktuators nur geringfügig herab gesetzt wird. Hoch-stabile piezoelektrisch durchstimmbare Resonatoren können über eine Verwendung in LISA hinaus auch bei zahlreichen anderen Anwendungen zum Einsatz kommen, wie z.B. in der Cavity Enhanced Spektroskopie als Transfer Resonatoren oder als optische Lokaloszillatoren in der Atom- und Molekülspektroskopie. The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a proposed space-based gravitational wave detector that aims to detect gravitational waves in the low frequency range from 0.1 mHz to 1 Hz, which is not accessible by ground-based detectors. It consists of three satellites whose distance is monitored by laser interferometry. The high frequency stability of the lasers required for this purpose is to be achieved with a three level noise reduction scheme. This includes a pre-stabilization stage that has to feature not only high stability but also tunability. One approach for such a tunable pre-stabilization is stabilizing a laser to an optical cavity with incorporated piezoelectric actuator. While this is not a new concept per se, it has never been realized with the required stability until now. Within this thesis, different types of piezo-tunable cavities have been built and thoroughly analyzed. It could be shown that the cavities fulfill all requirements for a tunable laser pre-stabilization for LISA. Furthermore, the work presented here gives a new insight into the potential of piezo-tunable cavities. Their performance is only one order of magnitude below that of the best non-tunable cavities of the same length and the measured noise can not be attributed to the integration of the piezo actuators. So, in principal, an even better performance should be achievable with piezo-tunable cavities. Indeed, theoretical considerations performed within this thesis reveal that the intrinsic stability of piezo-tunable cavities is only slightly inferior to that of rigid cavities. Beyond an application in LISA, highly stable piezo-tunable cavities are also valuable devices for numerous other applications. They can be used in cavity enhanced spectroscopy, as transfer cavities or as optical local oscillators in atomic and molecular spectroscopy.
9
Schmidt, Florian. "Laser-based Absorption Spectrometry : Development of NICE-OHMS Towards Ultra-sensitive Trace Species Detection." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Physics, Umeå Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1414.
Capocasa, Eleonora. "Optical and noise studies for Advanced Virgo and filter cavities for quantum noise reduction in gravitational-wave interferometric detectors." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC080/document.
L'astronomie gravitationnelle a débuté en septembre 2015 avec la première détection de la fusion de deux trous noirs par LIGO. Depuis lors, plusieurs fusions de trous noirs et une fusion d'étoiles à neutrons ont été observées. Advanced Virgo a rejoint les deux observatoires LIGO dans la prise de données en août 2017, augmentant fortement les capacités de localisation du réseau. Afin d'exploiter pleinement le potentiel scientifique de ce nouveau domaine, un énorme effort expérimental est nécessaire pour améliorer la sensibilité des interféromètres. Cette thèse, développée dans ce contexte, est composée de deux parties. La première concerne Advanced Virgo : nous avons développé un budget de bruit automatique pour le bruit de fréquence du laser et nous avons effectué des mesures de caractérisation optique pour les cavités de bras kilométriques. Des pertes aller-retour aussi faibles que 80 ppm ont été mesurées. Elles sont parmi les plus basses jamais mesurées avec un faisceau de cette taille. La deuxième partie concerne la conception et le développement d'une cavité de filtrage de 300 m, un prototype pour démontrer la production de lumière squeezing dépendante de la fréquence avec les propriétés nécessaires pour une réduction du bruit quantique à large bande dans KAGRA, Advanced Virgo et Advanced LIGO. Nous avons contribué à la fois aux phases de conception et d'intégration du projet. Nous avons d'abord fait le design optique de la cavité, y compris les spécifications pour l'optique de la cavité et une estimation détaillée des sources de dégradation pour le squeezing. Nous avons donc développé un système de contrôle pour les miroirs, assemblé les suspensions et finalement aligné et mis la cavité en résonance avec la lumière laser Gravitational wave astronomy has started in September 2015 with the first detection of a binary black-hole merger by LIGO. Since then, several black-hole mergers and a binary neutron star merger have been observed. Advanced Virgo joined the two LIGO detector in the observation run, in August 2017, highly increasing the localization capabilities of the network. In order to fully exploit the scientific potential of this new-born field, a huge experimental effort is needed to bring the instruments at their design sensitivity and to further improve them. This thesis, developed in this context, it is composed of two parts. The first is about Advanced Virgo: we have developed an automatic noise budget for the laser frequency noise and we have performed optical characterization measurements for the kilometric arm cavities. Round trip Losses as low as 80 ppm have been measured. They are among the lowest ever measured for beams of these size. The second part is about the design and development of a 300 m filter cavity, a prototype to demonstrate the frequency dependent squeezing production with properties needed for a broadband quantum noise reduction in the future upgrades of KAGRA, Advanced Virgo and Advanced LIGO. We have contributed to the design and integration phases of the project. We have first made the optical design of the cavity, including the the specifications for the main cavity optics and a detailed estimation of the squeezing degradation sources. We have then developed a local control system for the mirrors, assembled the suspensions, and finally aligned and brought the cavity in resonance with the laser light
Book chapters on the topic "Optical frequency stabilization":
1
Hollberg, L. "Optical Stabilization of Semiconductor Lasers." In Frequency Standards and Metrology, 231–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74501-0_41.
DeVoe, R. G., C. Fabre, and R. G. Brewer. "Laser Frequency Division and Stabilization." In Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 358–61. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39664-2_110.
Addy, R. C., A. W. Palmer, and K. T. V. Grattan. "Aspects of the use of Optical Feedback for Frequency Stabilization of Laser Diodes." In Applications of Photonic Technology 2, 813–18. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9250-8_123.
Jones, Rachel, Kevin Williams, and Erwin Bente. "Pound-Drever-Hall Laser Frequency Stabilization of Tunable 1.55 µm Monolithically Integrated Semiconductor Lasers Using an Integrated Phase Modulator." In The 25th European Conference on Integrated Optics, 21–27. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-63378-2_4.
Patrick, H., and C. E. Wieman. "Frequency stabilization of a diode laser using simultaneous optical feedback from a diffraction grating and a narrowband Fabry–Perot cavity." In Collected Papers of Carl Wieman, 792–94. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812813787_0111.
Azar, Ahmad Taher, and Fernando E. Serrano. "Stabilization and Control of Mechanical Systems with Backlash." In Handbook of Research on Advanced Intelligent Control Engineering and Automation, 1–60. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-7248-2.ch001.
Backlash is one of several discontinuities found in different kinds of systems; it can be found in actuators of different types, such as mechanical and hydraulic, giving way to unwanted effects in the system behavior. In this chapter, three different control approaches are derived to stabilize mechanical systems in which this phenomenon is present in the actuators of the system. First, an independent joint control approach when backlash is found in the actuators is derived; then a PI loop shaping control design implementing a describing function to find the limit cycle oscillations and the appropriate control gain is developed. Finally, an optimal controller for mechanical systems with backlash is derived, obtaining the optimal control law and oscillations frequency when this nonlinearity is found implementing a describing function to model the backlash effects.
8
Li, Yang, Mingxu Zhang, and Yun Yang. "PID Parameter Optimization of Hydro-Turbine Speed Control System Based on CPG Algorithm." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia231290.
In order to achieve optimal control of the Hydro-Turbine Speed Control System (HTSCS), this paper presents a speed control system parameter optimization method based on the Convergence Factor Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (CPG). Firstly, the basic model of the HTSCS is established, and then the parameters of the PID controller are optimized using the CPG algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the CPG algorithm can rapidly obtain the optimal initial parameters for the PID controller. Furthermore, compared to the traditional PID control system, the PID control system based on the CPG algorithm exhibits smaller speed fluctuations, shorter stabilization time, and faster dynamic response speed under frequency and load power disturbances. The application of the CPG-based PID control strategy to the HTSCS provides enhanced dynamic stability.
9
Bihun, Roman, and Bohdan Koman. "NANOSCALE METAL FILM ELECTRONICS." In Traditions and new scientific strategies in the context of global transformation of society. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-406-1-1.
The purpose of work is the development of technique for the deposition of nanoscale metal condensates of fine-crystalline structure of Au, Ag, Cu and transition (Mn, Hi, Pd and Cr) metals on the surface of amorphous glass or carbon substrate, and such surfaces pre-coated with wetting weakly conductive underlayers of Ge, Sb or Si, with mass thicknesses up to 8 nm.With predicted, controlled structure and electrophysical properties of metal films by use the combination of "quench deposition" technology and wetting underlayers with subsequent thermal stabilization in the interval of the first temperature zone of the modified Movchan-Demchyshyn Zone model. Practicalimplication. To analyze theoretical approaches for quantitative prediction of size charge transport phenomena in classical and ballistic regimes and the impact of surface inhomogeneities on them. Experimentally study the physical regularities of dimensional effect impact on the structure, electrophysical and optical properties of nanoscale condensates of the studied metals. The goal tasks must be solved: Develop a method of controlled metal films deposition with given physical parameters. Investigate fine-crystalline metal films with a given structure and establish criteria for the selection of wetting underlayers. To experimentally investigate the size dependence of the average linear sizes of crystallites D in the studied metal films to predict the features of the structure, surface morphology, and patterns of change in the dc percolation thickness in metal condensates. To study the regularities of condensate formation with given average linear dimensions of crystallites depending on the nature of the material, the thickness of the wetting underlayer and the mode of thermostabilization of their properties.Methodology. Nanoscale metal condensates (films) were depositeded with method of "frozen condensation" (quench deposition) of condensation of vapor thermally evaporated at ultra-high vacuum (pressure of residual gases did not exceed 10-7Pa) of metal on an amorphous glass substrate or substrate cooled to 78-90K,pre-covered with wetting Ge, Sb or Si underlayer of given mass thickness. The thickness of investigated films was monitired by shift of the resonant frequency of quartz vibrator. Electrical and thermoelectric power studies of the films consisted in studying ofsize dependence of their kinetic coefficients. Films resistance of correct geometric shape samples were measured by two-probe method, thermoelectric powerwith compensation method. Structure of studied films was monitored with transmission electronography and electron microscopy. The morphology of film surface was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The listed approaches were performed by complementary and mutually controlled experimental and theoretical approaches. Metal films mechanical tensiones grown by thermovacuum evaporation methodin VUP-5A chamber undervacuum not worse than 10-5Pa were studied. Chemically polished surfaces of single-crystal silicon plates of KEF – 4.5 (111) were used for metal film mechanical tensiones investigation. Residual mechanical tensiones of the substrates caused by their mechanical processing were removed by annealing in vacuum at temperature ~ 1000°С (±1°С). After the final etching in the polishing herbator SR-4, Si-substrates were cutby dimensions of 70 × 4 × 0.25mm3. Practicalimplication. Experimentalinvestigation are necessary for the development of methods of controlled nanosized layers deposition of more refractory metals (in particular, Ta, Re, Hf and others), which is promising for use in modern micro- and nanoelectronic technology. Value/originality. The complex technique of controlled deposition of nanoscale metal films with a predetermined structure and predicted electrophysical and optical properties in a wide range of thicknesses has been created. Metal films preparing process with specified average linear grain sizes was achieved by use the methods of "frozen condensation" and weakly conductive wetting underlayers substances that prevent coalescence of metal nuclei and selection of temperature stabilization mode at temperatures close to the upper limit of the first temperature zone of Movchan-Demchyshyn Zone model.
Conference papers on the topic "Optical frequency stabilization":
1
STONE, SAMUEL M., and WEN CHEN. "Absolute frequency stabilization of 1.5-µm lasers." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.1989.tui3.
Hjelme, Dag Roar, Alan Rolf Mickelson, L. Hollberg, and B. Dahmani. "Novel Optical Frequency Stabilization of Semiconductor Lasers." In Semiconductor Lasers. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/sla.1987.tub4.
Stable single-frequency, narrow-linewidth, tunable lasers are required in applications such as coherent optical communications, optical fiber sensoring and spectroscopy. One can reduce the frequency drift of semiconductor lasers by locking to a Fabry-Perot interferometer using an automatic-frequency-control loop with feedback to the injection current [1] or temperature [2]. More recently very fast electronic feedback systems have achieved laser linewidth reduction as well as center frequency stabilization [3]. In addition, a variety of methods have been developed to reduce semiconductor laser linewidths by using optical techniques, including direct single-mirror optical feedback, optical injection locking and even optical feedback from fiber reference cavities [4].
3
Del’Haye, Pascal, Olivier Arcizet, Albert Schliesser, Tobias Wilken, Ronald Holzwarth, and T. J. Kippenberg. "Chip scale frequency combs and their stabilization." In Coherent Optical Technologies and Applications. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cota.2008.cma1.
Sun, Bo, Hanyi Zhang, Shizhong Xie, Yanjie Chai, and BingKun Zhou. "Multichannel laser frequency stabilization in optical frequency division multiplexing system." In Applications in Optical Science and Engineering, edited by Y. C. Chung. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.143674.
McGovern, M., T. G. McRae, G. Turner, A. J. Kay, R. J. Blaikie, and W. P. Bowen. "Laser frequency stabilization with toroidal optical microresonators." In Microelectronics, MEMS, and Nanotechnology, edited by Wieslaw Z. Krolikowski, Costas M. Soukoulis, Ping Koy Lam, Timothy J. Davis, Shanhui Fan, and Yuri S. Kivshar. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.769329.
Jiang, Quan, and Mohsen Kavehrad. "Frequency stabilization for multilocation optical FDM networks." In Applications in Optical Science and Engineering, edited by Y. C. Chung. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.143679.
Quinlan, F., S. Gee, S. Ozharar, and P. J. Delfyett. "Optical frequency self stabilization in a coupled optoelectronic oscillator." In 2007 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium Joint with the 21st European Frequency and Time Forum. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/freq.2007.4319235.
Cruz, Flavio C., Gabriel Ycas, Daniel L. Maser, and Scott A. Diddams. "Frequency stabilization of a mid-infrared optical frequency comb to single-frequency optical references." In Mid-Infrared Coherent Sources. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/mics.2016.mm1c.2.
Lazar, Josef, Jan Hrabina, František Petru, Petr Jedlička, Ondřej Číp, and Radek Šmíd. "Absolute frequency shifts of iodine cells for laser stabilization." In Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by R. Jason Jones. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.735420.
Wang, Pengzhuo, Jose Sanjuan, and Felipe Guzman. "Laser frequency stabilization using HCN gas cell." In Novel Optical Systems, Methods, and Applications XXVI, edited by Cornelius F. Hahlweg and Joseph R. Mulley. SPIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2677659.
