Journal articles: 'Optical coatings'

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Yin, Yan Zi, Ji Hui Wang, Han Li, Jiu Xiao Sun, Heng Tian, and Yun Dong Ji. "The Preliminary Research on the Coating of FBG Embedded in Composites used in Large Aircraft." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 540–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.540.

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The optical fibers with epoxy acrylates and urethane acrylates UV-curable coatings were embedded in composites. It’s found that after high-temperature heated, when the coating’s glass transition temperature was higher than the heating temperature, the microstructure of the coating would not change, but when the coating’s glass transition temperature was lower than the heating temperature, the coating would detached from optical fiber. FBG (fiber Bragg grating) sensors with coating and naked FBG (without coating) sensors were embedded in composite materials to monitor impacting damage. It was found that when the coating broke away from the optical fiber which was embedded in the composites, the sensitivity of the FBG sensors would reduce.

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M. Meheretu, Getnet, and Sitotaw E. Gebremeskel. "Designing anti-reflection coatings for optical surface." International Journal of Physical Research 7, no. 1 (May 5, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijpr.v7i1.28046.

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In this paper, we have analyzed the optical properties of single and double layer antireflection coatings with the help of influential characteristics matrix formulation method in the visible electromagnetic spectrum. We have studied deeply for the glass coated with MgF_2 as a single layer coating and the spectrum analysis of double layer coatings of glass with〖 MgF〗_2-Al_2 O_3. With the aid of the algebraic mathematics and MatLab program, we have developed antireflection coating designs which leads to an enhancement of material’s ability for transmission spectrum through it. According to the result we have obtained, it clearly seen that the maximum transmission power for single layer and double layer coatings are about 97.2% which occurs at wavelength of 450 nm and 100% occurs at 324 nm, respectively. It is also observed that the minimum value recorded in transmission spectra for double layer antireflection coating is 99.83% at a wavelength of 418 nm (for normal incidence) and 400 nm (for θ=60° angle of incident). In broadly speaking, our fundamental work shows double layer antireflection coating is more convenient and feasible than single layer antireflection coating.

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Macleod, Angus. "Optical interference coatings–yesterday and today." Chinese Optics Letters 11, S1 (2013): S10101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.s10101.

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Han, Yan, Xiaoxing Yan, and Yu Tao. "Effect of Transparent, Purple, and Yellow Shellac Microcapsules on Properties of the Coating on Paraberlinia bifoliolata Surface." Polymers 14, no. 16 (August 13, 2022): 3304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14163304.

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In order to explore the applicability of the waterborne coating with self-repairing microcapsules based on the surface of wood boards and specify the optimal range of microcapsule content in the coating, three different kinds of shellac microcapsules (transparent shellac, purple shellac, and yellow shellac) were embedded in a waterborne acrylic coating at 0, 1.5 wt.%, 3.0 wt.%, 4.5 wt.%, 6.0 wt.%, and 7.5 wt.%. The Beli wood (Paraberlinia bifoliolata) boards were then covered with self-repairing coatings to investigate the self-repairing coating’s physical and chemical properties, aging resistance, and scratch repair abilities. The findings demonstrated that the chromatic difference and gloss of surface coatings on Beli wood boards were significantly influenced by the content of microcapsules. The optical characteristics and cold liquid resistance performance of the coating on Beli wood were enhanced when the microcapsule content was 3.0 wt.%. Additionally, the mechanical qualities of the coating with 3.0 wt.% transparent shellac microcapsules on Beli wood surface were better, with an H hardness, grade 2 adhesion, and 8 kg·cm of impact strength. The studies on scratch repairing and aging resistance indicated that microcapsules helped to slow down the coating’s damage and retard aging. After a microcrack appeared, the waterborne coating with microcapsules on Beli wood’s surface had the capacity to repair itself. After aging, the coating with 3.0 wt.% transparent shellac microcapsule on Beli wood boards had a better performance on the comprehensive properties, with a 28.9% light loss rate and a 6 kg·cm impact resistance. It also had a 25.0% repairing rate in scratch width after being damaged for 5 d. This study advances the development of self-healing waterborne coatings on the wood board with shellac microcapsules by examining the effects of shellac in various colors and shellac microcapsule content in waterborne coatings.

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Gao, Jin, Wen Juan Yuan, Xiao Gang Li, Ying Chao Li, and Wei Zhu. "Electrochemical Analysis of the Fluorocarbon Anticorrosion Coating after Accelerated Weathering Environment Aging." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.563.

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Fluorocarbon coating was exposed to artificial weathering environment produced by the xenon lamp/condensation weathering equipment for different time periods. The degradation process was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) and optical microscope. The results show that the resistance of the coatings decrease ，while the capacitance and soakage become larger with the increase of the aging time. This demonstrates that the early aging of the coating influences its protective properties for the corrosion medium. The reason is the changes of the coating’s surface state and chemical structure accelerate the penetration of medium into the coatings, and therefore accelerate the corrosion of metal occurs under the coating.

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Chen, Cheng Zhou, Wei Ze Wang, and Kai Di Cheng. "A Comparative Study on the Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Coatings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 853 (September 2016): 441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.853.441.

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The vessel containing sulfur particles has been found failing due to the effect of corrosion and erosion by the sulfur particles. Several coatings, including zinc-aluminum coating, wear-resistance painting and two kinds of polymer, have been provided to resist the negative influence of sulfur in the present study. The wear and corrosion resistance of the selected coatings has been measured to study the performance difference. Impact test has also been done to investigate the bonding condition of coatings under the impact or bending load. The microstructure of coatings before and after wear test is observed by the Optical Microscope (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The experiment results reveal that one of the polymer coatings shows the best performance in the corrosion resistance, another polymer coating’s wear resistance is better than others. The coatings are bonded well with the substrate except the zinc-aluminum coating. The performance of painting is ordinary in this investigation.

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Bull, S. J. "Nanomechanics of Coatings for Electronic and Optical Applications." Solid State Phenomena 159 (January 2010): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.159.11.

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In most coating applications damage resistance is controlled by the mechanical properties of the coating, interface and substrate. For electronic and optical applications the design of coating-substrate systems has been predominantly controlled by their functional properties but more recently the mechanical response of the system has been used to enhance functional properties, as in the case of strained silicon/SiGe microelectronic devices where tensile strain has been used to enhance mobility and increase device speed. As coatings become more complex, with multilayer and graded architectures now in widespread use, it is very important to obtain the mechanical properties (such as hardness, elastic modulus, fracture toughness, etc.) of individual coating layers for use in design calculations and have failure-related design criteria which are valid for such multilayer systems. Nanoindentation testing is often the only viable approach to assess the damage mechanisms and properties of very thin coatings (<m) since it can operate at the required scale and provides fingerprint of the indentation response of the coating/substrate system. If coating properties are to be assessed, the key point is to ensure any measured value is free from the influence of the deforma-tion of the substrate or lower coating layers. Finite element analysis of indentation load displace-ment curves can be used to extract materials properties for design; as coating thicknesses decrease it is observed that the yield strength required to fit the curves increases and scale-dependent materials properties are essential for design. Since plasticity is less likely, non-linear elasticity is increasingly important as the size of a nanostructure is reduced. Similarly the assessment of fracture response of very thin coatings requires modeling of the indentation stress field and how it is modified by plas-ticity during the indentation cycle. An FE approach using a cohesive zone model has been used to assess the locus of failure and demonstrates the complexity of adhesive failure around indentations for multilayer coatings. Finally the mechanical design of a metallization stress sensor based on na-noindentation-derived materials properties, non-linear elastic and plastic behavior and the treatment of geometrical non-linearities (stress stiffening) is discussed.

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Qin, Wei, Xiao Hong Wu, Gui Mei Zhao, Xiao Ming Lai, and Li Gong Zhang. "Optical Absorption Properties of Nanotitanium Dioxide Doped ZnO/Silicone Thermal Control Coating." Materials Science Forum 546-549 (May 2007): 1725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.1725.

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As a kind of white paint, ZnO/silicone thermal control coatings are used commonly in space. In order to implement more effective thermal control in space, nanotitanium dioxide was doped to the coatings. In this paper, different percent of nanotitanium dioxide was appended to the coatings, and thermal control principle was discussed. Optical properties of these coatings were discussed by spectrophotometry and infrared reflectometer. The experimental results show that solar absorptance (αs) of nanotitanium dioxide doped ZnO/silicone thermal control coating is lower in all wavelength region than the coatings without doping, especially in visible region and infrared region. The total solar absorptance of 1% nanotitanium dioxide doped coating is 0.09, which decreases by 36% than the undoped coating..

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Mari, Alexandra, Charilaos Fafalis, and Magdalini Krokida. "Evaluation of Edible Coatings from Components from Chlorella vulgaris and Comparison with Conventional Coatings." Coatings 14, no. 5 (May 14, 2024): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050621.

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The present customer demand for ready-to-eat food items with higher nutritious value and longer shelf life necessitates creative solutions. An edible coating is a sustainable packaging solution that can prevent food deterioration and preserve food quality. Proteins, starch, and the addition of plasticizers are used to create edible coatings. The aim of this study was to develop coating solutions that can best preserve food using isolated starch and proteins from Chlorella vulgaris, and then compare them to coatings that comprise conventional ingredients like chitosan and starch. A number of criteria pertaining to the coatings’ mechanical, optical, thermal, and physical properties were tested. The alternative coatings performed just as well as the conventional ones, with the protein algal coating exhibiting the best thermal, optical, and physical qualities. The food product that needs to be coated can determine which coating is ideal. In conclusion, edible coatings derived from Chlorella vulgaris offer a sustainable solution to preserve ready-to-eat food items, showcasing comparable performance to conventional coatings.

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Chekan, N. M., I. P. Akula, E. P. Shpak, and A. N. Navitskii. "Structure and optical properties of diamond-like carbon coatings." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 63, no. 3 (November 1, 2018): 280–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2018-63-3-280-289.

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Using a hybrid method of cathodic arc (PVD) and chemical (CVD) deposition from the gas phase, a new type of coatings containing high amount of sp3 bonds of carbon, capable of absorbing effectively light has been developed.This thin film material is a promised one for optical devices operating in open space environment as antireflective coating for photoreceiver bodies. The hybrid method permits to obtain effective light absorbing coatings having excellent mechanical and tribological properties and is able to sustain temperature cycling in a range from plus 150 to minus 100 oC. The optical characteristics of DLC coatings were studied depending on the content of sp2bound content. The combined physical and chemical deposition of DLC coatings allows to achieve a sufficiently high light absorption (a~10 5 cm–1) and low reflection with a relatively small coating thickness about 1 mm. It has been established that the antireflective properties of such coatings depend on the conditions for their preparation, first of all on hydrocarbon gas pressure

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Gauda, Konrad, and Kamil Pasierbiewicz. "APPLICATION OF OPTICAL PROFILOMETRY IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE DESTRUCTION PROCESS OF RENOVATION ORGANIC COATINGS FOR THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY." Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 9, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.124.

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The article concerns the evaluation of the possibility of using the optical profilometry method in the analysis of the destruction process of acrylic coatings exposed at a climate station in an industrial-urban atmosphere. It was found that the observed changes do not allow to clearly assess the durability of the tested coatings. It seems that the method used may play a supporting role in assessing the quality of the coatings because the surface maps show the number and size of pores in the coating. Therefore, this method can be used, for example, to help determine the optimal parameters of the coating process (e.g. spray pressure).

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Han, Yan, and Xiaoxing Yan. "Effect of Silane Coupling Agent Modification on Properties of Brass Powder-Water-Based Acrylic Coating on Tilia europaea." Polymers 15, no. 6 (March 10, 2023): 1396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15061396.

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Fine art coating is usually created by the combination of metal filler and water-based coatings, decorated to the surface of wood structures, furniture, and crafts. However, the durability of the fine art coating is limited by its weak mechanical qualities. In contrast, the metal filler’s dispersion and the coating’s mechanical properties can be significantly improved by the coupling agent molecule’s ability to bind the resin matrix with the metal filler. In this study, a brass powder-water-based acrylic coating was prepared, and three different silane coupling agents, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propytrimethoxysilane (KH560), and γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570), were used to modify the brass powder filler in orthogonal tests. The artistic effect and optical properties of the modified art coating induced by different proportions of brass powder, silane coupling agents, and pH were compared. The result demonstrated that the amount of brass powder and the kind of coupling agent used had a substantial impact on the coating’s optical characteristics. Our results also determined how three different coupling agents affected the water-based coating with varying brass powder contents. The findings indicated that 6% KH570 concentration and pH 5.0 were the ideal conditions for brass powder modification. Better overall performance of the art coating applied to the surface of the Basswood substrates was provided by adding 10% of the modified brass powder into the finish. It had a gloss of 20.0 GU, a color difference of 3.12, a color main wavelength of 590 nm, a hardness of HB, an impact resistance of 4 kg·cm, an adhesion of grade 1, and better liquid resistance and aging resistance. This technical foundation for the creation of wood art coatings promotes the application of art coatings on wood.

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Abdalla, K., H. Ibrahim, Z. W. Sulayman, Y. A. Hamad, and A. Khair Aisha. "Effect of Process Time in the Deposition and Corrosion Resistance of Ni-Zn-P Coating Formed on Mild Steel Surface." مجلة الجامعة الأسمرية: العلوم التطبيقية 6, no. 5 (December 31, 2021): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.59743/aujas.v6i5.1488.

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In this investigation, uniform and full coverage of Ni-Zn-P coatings were electroless deposited successfully on mild steel substrates. The coatings were electroless formed at 85ºC for various deposition time (10, 30, 60 and 90 min). The coating morphology were observed via optical microscope and the corrosion resistance of obtained coatings were evaluated by weight loss test in a 3.5% NaCl solution. The results revealed that the coating deposition increased as the process time increased. The optimal uniform coating deposition was formed at deposition time of 60 & 90 min. Accordingly, the anti-corrosion performance was improved and the best corrosion resistance was obtained at process time of 90 min. The weight loss was 0.55 g/m2 after 24 h immersion time for the coating formed with process time of 90 min.

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Baumeister, Philip. "WHITHER OPTICAL COATINGS." Optics and Photonics News 6, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opn.6.6.000022.

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Volpian, O. D., and A. I. Kuzmichev. "Nanogradient optical coatings." Russian Journal of General Chemistry 83, no. 11 (November 2013): 2182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070363213110388.

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Reiners, Georg, Uwe Beck, and Hermann A. Jehn. "Decorative optical coatings." Thin Solid Films 253, no. 1-2 (December 1994): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(94)90290-9.

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Lin, Yuli, and Li-Jang Hwang. "Adhesion Strength of Cu-Ni Multilayered Coatings on Optical Fibers." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 1240–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760003227x.

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Optical fibers have been extensively employed in a variety of fields. However, the need of high strength, excellent resistance to moisture permeation and tolerance to heat becomes apparent when such optical fibers are used in nuclear power plants and chemical plants in particular. Plastic coatings as conventional made of optical fibers cables would be replaced by the optical fiber coated with layers of metals.The adhesion of coating to substrate is a critical property of any coating system for mechanical integrity and environmental protection of the substrate. For example, the corrosion protection of the metal coated optical fibers is highly depend on the adhesion of the coatings, if adhesion is poor, the extent of deterioration of the substrate by environmental factors (humidity, corrosive gases, etc.) is greatly accelerated. The durability and longevity of a coating required that its adhesion is to be maintained [1].

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TSUDA, Hiroki, Jun AKEDO, Shingo HIROSE, and Keishi OHASHI. "Infrared Optical and Mechanical Properties of Ceramic Coatings Fabricated by Aerosol Deposition." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, CICMT (September 1, 2012): 000406–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2012-wa411.

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The possibility and mechanical improvement of the infrared ceramic coatings fabricated on fluoride substrates at room temperature by aerosol deposition (AD) were investigated aiming to optical components for infrared applications and devices. The yttria coating possibility fabricated on barium fluoride substrates by the AD process was found by adjusting one of the deposition conditions. The optical and mechanical properties of the fabricated ceramic coatings, which are important in practical applications, were evaluated by transmittance and hardness measurements respectively. The mechanical hardness of the fabricated yttria single coatings was increased to 4 times higher than that of the barium fluoride substrates. Furthermore, by an additional layer on a barium fluoride substrate, the mechanical properties of the fabricated multi-coatings including an upper yttria layer were improved from that of the single yttria coating on the barium fluoride substrate, retaining the IR transmittance of the single yttria coating at the wavelength of 10μm.

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Čuchor, Matúš, and Jozef Ondriga. "Hodnotenie tribologických vlastností DLC povlakov vybraných tribologických dvojíc." Technológ 15, no. 2 (2023): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/tech.c.2023.2.18.

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DLC coatings have several characteristics that have industrial applications. Principal advantages include a low coefficient of friction, hardness, abrasion resistance, and corrosion resistance. Coatings are evaluated using a number of test procedures. The ball-on-flat method was used to conduct the tests that are the focus of this paper. The tribological pair consisted of a DLC-coated plate and test balls made from three different materials. Experiments provide the friction coefficient curves as well as an optical evaluation of the DLC coating's wear. In all three types of examined tribological pairings, the coating was worn, but the DLC coating on the plate was not completely removed. After the break-in phase, the coefficient of friction has approximately constant values.

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Tikhonravov, A. V., A. A. Lagutina, Yu S. Lagutin, D. V. Lukyanenko, S. A. Sharapova, A. N. Sharov, and A. G. Yagola. "On the choice of monitoring procedure of optical coating deposition." Seriya 3: Fizika, Astronomiya, no. 6_2023 (December 19, 2023): 2360105–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9392.78.2360105.

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Theoretical results are formulated to assess the strength of the effect of self-compensation of errors in the thicknesses of layers of multilayer optical coatings. They are applicable to any method of optical monitoring of the deposition process. It is shown that considering a possible presence of a strong error self-compensation effect is of great importance for choosing a monitoring method. A comparative analysis of the results obtained to date to assess the strength of the error self-compensation effect for various types of coatings has been carried out. Moreover, a number of results were obtained for the first time directly in this work. The results obtained can be used to select the optimal method for monitoring the deposition process depending on the type of coating.

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Majerič, Peter, Djuro Koruga, Zorana Njegovan, Žiga Jelen, Tilen Švarc, Andrej Horvat, and Rebeka Rudolf. "Study of the Application of Recycled Gold Nanoparticles in Coatings for Eyewear Lenses." Coatings 13, no. 10 (September 22, 2023): 1666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13101666.

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The surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles causes visible light absorption and scattering effects that may be used in optical coatings for eliminating blue light emission from display monitors, for blocking UV light, and for decorative applications. This study examines the achievement of functional properties provided by gold nanoparticles in a commercially established C60 fullerene-coated eyewear product. The gold nanoparticles used were sourced from recycling rapid lateral flow tests (LFIA), which use gold nanoparticles as test markers. After the gold’s recovery, Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (USP) with freeze-drying was used for the synthesis of new gold nanoparticles, to be used in optical coatings. The gold nanoparticles were examined with SEM, TEM, DLS, zeta potential, BET, and Vis-NIR for characterising their shapes and sizes, as is required for determination of the surface plasmon resonance effect. After applying the newly produced gold nanoparticles with fullerene C60 in a combined coating for eyewear lenses, the absorption and transmission of the lenses were determined for establishing changes in the coating’s functionality. The results show that enhancing the fullerene C60 coating with gold nanoparticles improves light absorption and reflectance for blue and UV light further, which may be evaluated as beneficial for the eyewear user, as the reduction in eye strain is increased due to the coating.

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Chao, Rui, Haichao Cai, Hang Li, and Yujun Xue. "Effect of Nitrogen Flow Rate on Microstructure and Optical Properties of Ta2O5 Coatings." Coatings 12, no. 11 (November 14, 2022): 1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12111745.

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Ta2O5 coatings were prepared on highly transparent quartz glass and silicon wafer substrates using RF magnetron sputtering technology. Different flow rates (10%, 15%, and 20%) of N2 were introduced during the sputtering process while keeping the total sputtering gas flow rate constant at 40 sccm. The effects of N2 flow rate on the phase structure, micro-morphology, elemental composition, and optical properties of Ta2O5 coatings were investigated. The coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), electron energy spectroscopy (EDS), and spectrophotometry. The results show that the phase composition of the coating is an amorphous structure when the sputtering gases are pure argon and nitrogen-argon mixed gases, respectively. The coating after the passage of N2 is mainly composed of Ta, N, and O, which confirms that the deposited coating is a composite coating of Ta oxide and nitride. The EDS spectrum indicates that the ratio of O to Ta atoms in the composite coating is greater than the stoichiometric value of 2.5. It may be related to the deposition rate of Ta atoms during the preparation process. The optical properties show that the average transmittance of the composite coating is greater than 75% and the maximum light transmission is 78.03%. The transmittance in the visible range of Ta2O5 coatings prepared under nitrogen-argon mixed gas sputtering conditions is greater than that of those prepared under pure argon sputtering conditions. Finally, the coatings optical direct band gap Edg and indirect band gap Eig are obtained.

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Podrabinnik, Pavel Anatolyevich, and Igor Vladimirovich Shishkovsky. "Laser Post Annealing of Cold-Sprayed Al–Ni Composite Coatings for Green Energy Tasks." Materials Science Forum 834 (November 2015): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.834.113.

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In this paper the principal feasibility of using cold gas dynamic spraying with laser post treatment technique to create Al-Ni composite coatings is demonstrated. The prepared mixture of two powders was coated on an aluminum substrate and laser annealed. As a result the AlxNy intermetallic phases were observed in the coating. Obtained laser-annealed coatings were studied be means of optical and electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffractometry and compared with as-sprayed coatings. Effects of laser processing parameters, such as scanning speed, power and beam shape on microstructural evolution of the composite coatings were discussed and optimal regimes for laser assisted CS were determined.

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Baumeister, Philip. "Optical coatings in the 1940s: Coating under adverse conditions." Optics News 13, no. 6 (June 1, 1987): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/on.13.6.000010.

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Arrousse, Nadia, Jorge Ferreira, Sandra Carvalho, and Martin Andritschky. "PVD Black Coating for Decorative Applications." Coatings 13, no. 11 (October 27, 2023): 1838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13111838.

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PVD coatings have gained considerable attention as decorative coatings because they combine decorative with protective properties. Within the frame of this work, a black PVD coating based on chromium, carbon and oxygen was developed in a semi-industrial coating machine with four magnetrons and continuous substrate rotation. Based on the optical properties of CrxCyOz, the optical properties of the coating can be used in the design of the coating. EDX measurements point to an average composition of Cr0.35O0.53C0.12 for coatings with the most interesting optical properties. XPS measurements show that the chemical state of the constituting elements changes throughout the coating thickness. CrxCyOz shows a strong columnar growth which may give origin to a rough surface structure. This effect, depending on the coating thickness, allows the deposition of black coatings with a variation of strong specular reflection (“piano black”) and diffuse reflection (“matt”) for a coating thickness variation between 1 and 5 μm. The diffusive reflection increased from almost 2% to 6% for the thicker samples whereby the specular reflection decreased from about 20% to almost 0 of the samples with a thin coating and samples with a coating thickness close to 5 μm. Within the frame of this work, we also determined the functional properties of adherence and surface energy, which show that the coating can be used in demanding applications without an additional protective topcoat.

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Chang, Yun Feng, Kung Hsu Hou, and Ming Der Ger. "Multi-Layer Coating for Optical Mold of Strengthening by Electroplating Ni-W and Electroless Plating Ni-Mo-P by Nonisothermal Method." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 1896–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.1896.

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The development of optical mold coatings has become a key technology in precision optical components in recent years. Researchers are still seeking ideal electroforming materials capable of resisting higher temperature and improve the lifespan of optical mold. Examples of these materials include Ni-W, and Ni-Mo-P alloy plating, among others. However, the literature rarely mentions these alloys as protective coatings. This may be because coating stability, flatness, and strength cannot achieve the desired protective effects. This study develops a combination of two wet electrochemical processes to form a multi-layer coating on optical molds. This coating consists of Ni-W, and Ni-Mo-P alloys. The proposed treatment process attempts to enhance the mechanical strength of the mold and extend its lifespan. We first used electro-deposition to form a thick-film Ni-W coating, and then applied the electroless plating by nonisothermal deposition method (NITD) to create a Ni-Mo-P thin-film and form a multi-layer coating. We also measured the composition, hardness, and elastic modulus of the protective coating as a reference basis for the development of optical molds. The results of this study reveal the appropriate process parameters to provide the multilayer films with a high strength and flat surface. This article can serve as a reference for the development of optical mold coatings.

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Yin, Yan Zi, Ji Hui Wang, Ze Hui Yang, Jiu Xiao Sun, Heng Tian, and Ling Ling Gong. "Preparation of a Simple Heat-Resistant Coating of the Optical Fiber Embedded in Composites." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.86.

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A new kind of optical fiber corylic resin coating was prepared in this paper. The influence of PVC (pigment volume concentration) to the properties of coatings was studied. The best formula was selected. The best coating was painted on the optical fiber. The relationships of the coating diameter and the distances of the centers of the coating layer and optical fiber were studied. It was found that the circle diameter of coating is greater; the distance of centers of circles is bigger. Finally, the optical fiber with this coating was embedded in resin castings. The cross sections were observed under the same heated situation. The results revealed that the coatings embedded in composites used in large aircraft had no change when it was heated. This kind of coating did not need ultraviolet light or heating, and it’s easy to control the thickness and roundness of the coating by controlling the speed of pulling out the optical fibers. This type coating is a kind of simple heat-resistant coating embedded in composite materials used in the large aircraft.

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Ji, Yiqin, Yugang Jiang, Huasong Liu, Lishuan Wang, Chenghui Jiang, and Deying Chen. "Aging ef fect of optical properties on low loss antireflection coatings for laser optics." Chinese Optics Letters 11, S1 (2013): S10405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.s10405.

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Kiryukhantsev-Korneev, Ph V., Zh S. Amankeldina, A. N. Sheveyko, S. Vorotilo, and E. A. Levashov. "Effect of Boron and Oxygen on the Structure and Properties of Protective Decorative Cr–Al–Ti–N Coatings Deposited by Closed Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering (CFUBMS)." Applied Sciences 9, no. 22 (November 19, 2019): 4977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9224977.

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Boron and oxygen-doped Cr–Al–Ti–N coatings were deposited by closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering (CFUBMS) of TiB target manufactured by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, and Ti, Cr, and Al targets. To evaluate the influence of doping elements, as-deposited coatings were studied by glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES), SEM, XRD, and optical profilometry. Mechanical properties were measured by nanoindentation and tribological, abrasive and electrochemical testing. The introduction of boron suppresses columnar growth and leads to structural refinement and a decrease of coating’s surface roughness. The addition of 2.3 at.% boron results in the highest mechanical properties: hardness H = 15 GPa, stable friction coefficient f = 0.65, and specific wear Vw = 7.5 × 10−6 mm3N−1m−1. To make the coating more visually appealing, oxygen was introduced in the chamber near the end of the deposition cycle. Upper Cr–Al–Ti–B–O–N layers were studied in terms of their composition and coloration, and the developed two-layer decorative coatings were deposited on cast metallic art pieces.

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Urrutia, Aitor, Javier Goicoechea, and Francisco J. Arregui. "Optical Fiber Sensors Based on Nanoparticle-Embedded Coatings." Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/805053.

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The use of nanoparticles (NPs) in scientific applications has attracted the attention of many researchers in the last few years. The use of NPs can help researchers to tune the physical characteristics of the sensing coating (thickness, roughness, specific area, refractive index, etc.) leading to enhanced sensors with response time or sensitivity better than traditional sensing coatings. Additionally, NPs also offer other special properties that depend on their nanometric size, and this is also a source of new sensing applications. This review focuses on the current status of research in the use of NPs within coatings in optical fiber sensing. Most used sensing principles in fiber optics are briefly described and classified into several groups: absorbance-based sensors, interferometric sensors, fluorescence-based sensors, fiber grating sensors, and resonance-based sensors, among others. For each sensor group, specific examples of the utilization of NP-embedded coatings in their sensing structure are reported.

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Hamagami, Junichi, Ryo Araki, Shohei Onimaru, Hiroyuki Oda, G. Kawamura, and Atsunori Matsuda. "Low Temperature Preparation and Optical Hydrogen Response of Pd/Titania Composite Film." Key Engineering Materials 485 (July 2011): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.485.275.

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Photocatalytic titania coatings loaded with palladium catalyst were prepared onto soda-lime glass substrates by using a low temperature synthesis for application of optical hydrogen gas sensor. Titania coatings were formed on the glass substrate by a sol-gel spin-coating process followed by a hot water treatment at 55°C. Metallic palladium nanoparticles were deposited onto the titania coatings, which obtained with addition of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and without PEG after the hot water treatment, by means of a photodeposition technique at room temperature using UV-light irradiation. The whole fabrication process was carried out under atmospheric pressure. The Pd-photodeposited titania coating obtained with addition of PEG after hot water treatment showed higher hydrogen sensing properties than that obtained without PEG.

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Ferreira, Andreia A., Francisco J. G. Silva, Arnaldo G. Pinto, and Vitor F. C. Sousa. "Characterization of Thin Chromium Coatings Produced by PVD Sputtering for Optical Applications." Coatings 11, no. 2 (February 12, 2021): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11020215.

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PVD (physical vapor deposition) and CVD (chemical vapor deposition) have gained greater significance in the last two decades with the mandatory shift from electrodeposition processes to clean deposition processes due to environmental, public safety, and health concerns. Due to the frequent use of coatings in several industrial sectors, the importance of studying the chromium coating processes through PVD–sputtering can be realized, investing in a real alternative to electroplated hexavalent chromium, usually denominated by chromium 6, regularly applied in electrodeposition processes of optical products in the automotive industry. At an early stage, experimental tests were carried out to understand which parameters are most suitable for obtaining chromium coatings with optical properties. To study the coating in a broad way, thickness and roughness analysis of the coatings obtained using SEM and AFM, adhesion analyzes with the scratch-test and transmittance by spectrophotometry were carried out. It was possible to determine that the roughness and transmittance decreased with the increase in the number of layers, the thickness of the coating increased linearly, and the adhesion and resistance to climatic tests remained positive throughout the study. Thus, this study allows for the understanding that thin multilayered Cr coatings can be applied successfully to polymeric substrates regarding optical applications in the automotive industry.

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Mishra, S. B., K. Chandra, and S. Prakash. "Characterization and Erosion Behavior of Plasma Sprayed NiCrAlY and Ni-20Cr Coatings on an Fe-based Superalloy." Journal of Tribology 128, no. 3 (March 3, 2006): 469–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2197843.

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Degradation of materials due to solid particle erosion is encountered in a variety of engineering industries, either at room temperature or elevated temperatures. Nickel-based coatings are commonly used in applications where wear resistance, combined with oxidation or hot corrosion resistance, is required. In the present work, NiCrAlY and Ni-20Cr metallic coatings were deposited on an iron-based superalloy by a shrouded plasma spray process. The coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, microhardness testing, and x-ray diffractometry. Erosion studies were conducted using an air-jet erosion test rig at a velocity of 40ms−1 and impingement angles of 30 and 90deg. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the eroded surfaces. 3D surface roughness profiles of the eroded samples were taken using a Veeco Optical Profilometer. NiCrAlY coatings had slightly lower average porosity and lower microhardness as compared to Ni-20Cr coatings. The observed erosion rate of the NiCrAlY coatings, however was lower than that of the Ni-20Cr coatings at both 30 and 90deg impingement angles. Ni-20Cr coating had shown higher erosion rate at 90deg impingement angle than that at 30deg, whereas the effect of impingement angle on the erosion rate is negligible for plasma sprayed NiCrAlY coating. The higher bond strength of NiCrAlY coating might be one of the major contributing factors for lower erosion rate of NiCrAlY coating as compared to Ni-20Cr coating under the tested conditions. Erosion mechanisms of plasma sprayed coatings are discussed.

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Sytchkova, Anna, Maria Lucia Protopapa, Paolo Olivero, Zicai Shen, and Yanzhi Wang. "On the Representativeness of Proton Radiation Resistance Tests on Optical Coatings for Interplanetary Missions." Coatings 14, no. 7 (July 18, 2024): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14070898.

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Optical instrumentation used in space normally employs optical coatings. Future interplanetary space missions will be characterized by ever longer stays in environmental conditions where low energy protons represent one of the main types of radiation impacting the coating longevity and performance. To ensure the reliability of coated optics, environmental resistance tests should be accurately planned to be representative for a mission. To this end, the existing standards for coating tests and the test results interpretation have been constantly improved. In this study, we analyze the relevant standards of the European Space Agency (ESA) and of the Chinese Space Agency (CSA) for testing coated optics for interplanetary missions, and in particular for the missions at the Lagrange points. We focus in particular on the applicability of these standards and hence on their possible refinement when specifically implemented to the optical thin films and coatings. We proceed with the development of a methodology for reliable interpretation of the proton irradiation tests for the optical coatings for interplanetary missions, first briefly overviewing the existing tools which allow for space environment simulation and hence deriving the test conditions for the Lagrange points. Furthermore, we apply the approach to testing of aluminum oxide optical coatings for applications in the visible spectral range, concluding on the representativeness of the proposed approach and on possible refinement of the existing standards for coating tests when they are specifically developed for optical applications.

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Sharov, A. N., D. V. Lukyanenko, A. V. Tikhonravov, and A. G. Yagola. "Evaluation of the efficiency of the simplified simulator of the optical coating deposition process." Seriya 3: Fizika, Astronomiya, no. 2_2023 (June 2, 2023): 2320102–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9392.78.2320102.

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The paper presents a comparison of the results of simulating the processes of deposition of optical coatings using a simplified simulator and a full simulator that takes into account the main error-producing factors of deposition processes and control of coating layer thicknesses. For the simulators under consideration, the distributions of error vector norms in the layer thicknesses of coating, layer error correlation coefficients, and error self-compensation coefficients are calculated. It is shown that the simplified simulator allows one to obtain adequate results for evaluating the deposition process of real multilayer optical coatings and, thus, can be used for faster modeling of a large number of coatings with further analysis of their stability against manufacturing errors.

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Guo, Xin, Xiangqian Quan, Zizheng Li, Qiang Li, Binzhi Zhang, Xin Zhang, and Chi Song. "Broadband Anti-Reflection Coatings Fabricated by Precise Time-Controlled and Oblique-Angle Deposition Methods." Coatings 11, no. 5 (April 22, 2021): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11050492.

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Broadband anti-reflection (AR) coatings are essential elements for improving the photocurrent generation of photovoltaic modules and enhancing visibility in optical devices. In this paper, we report a hybrid-structured, anti-reflection coating that combines multi-layer thin films with a single top-oblique deposited layer. By simply introducing this low-refractive index layer, the broadband anti-reflection properties of optical thin films can be improved while simplifying the preparation. Precise time-controlled and oblique-angle deposition (OAD) methods were used to fabricate the broadband AR coating. By accurately measuring and adjusting the design errors for the thin and thick film layers, 22-layer and 36-layer AR coatings on a sapphire substrate with a 400–2000 nm wideband were obtained. This bottom-up preparation process and AR coating design have the potential to significantly enhance the broadband antireflective properties for many optical systems and reduce the manufacturing cost of broadband AR coatings.

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Martin, P. M., D. C. Stewart, W. D. Bennett, J. D. Affinito, and M. E. Gross. "Multifunctional multilayer optical coatings." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 15, no. 3 (May 1997): 1098–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.580436.

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Macleod, H. Angus. "THIN FILM OPTICAL COATINGS." Optics News 15, no. 7 (July 1, 1989): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/on.15.7.000009.

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GRANQVIST, C. G. "Optical coatings for glazings." Le Journal de Physique IV 03, no. C7 (November 1993): C7–1367—C7–1376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:19937209.

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Gu, P. F. "DEPOSITION OF OPTICAL COATINGS." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 5, no. 1 (January 1990): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426919008953230.

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Velpula, Praveen Kumar, Daniel Kramer, and Bedrich Rus. "Femtosecond Laser-Induced Damage Characterization of Multilayer Dielectric Coatings." Coatings 10, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10060603.

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The laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of optical components is one of the major constraints in developing high-power ultrafast laser systems. Multi-layer dielectric (MLD) coatings-based optical components are key parts of high-power laser systems because of their high damage resistance. Therefore, understanding and characterizing the laser-induced damage of MLD coatings are of paramount importance for developing ultrahigh-intensity laser systems. In this article, we overview the possible femtosecond laser damage mechanisms through damage morphologies in various MLD optical coatings tested in our facility. To evaluate the major contributions to the coating failure, different LIDT test methods (R-on-1, ISO S-on-1 and Raster Scan) were carried out for a high reflective hybrid Ta2O5/HfO2/SiO2 MLD mirror coating at a pulse duration of 37 fs. Different LIDT test methods were compared due to the fact that each test method exposes the different underlying damage mechanisms. For instance, the ISO S-on-1 test at a higher number of laser pulses can bring out the fatigue effects, whereas the Raster Scan method can reveal the non-uniform defect clusters in the optical coating. The measured LIDT values on the sample surface for the tested coating in three test methods are 1.1 J/cm2 (R-on-1), 0.9 J/cm2 (100k-on-1) and 0.6 J/cm2 (Raster Scan) at an angle of incidence of 45 deg. The presented results reveal that the performance of the tested sample is limited by coating defects rather than fatigue effects. Hence, the Raster Scan method is found to be most accurate for the tested coating in evaluating the damage threshold for practical applications. Importantly, this study demonstrates that the testing of different LIDT test protocols is necessary in femtosecond regime to assess the key mechanisms to the coating failure.

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Avice, Jérémy, Guillaume Brotons, Pascal Ruello, Gwenaëlle Vaudel, Amira Guediche, and Hervé Piombini. "Vapor Phase Ammonia Curing to Improve the Mechanical Properties of Antireflection Optical Coatings Designed for Power Laser Optics." Gels 9, no. 2 (February 7, 2023): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9020140.

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Projects of inertial confinement fusion using lasers need numerous optical components whose coatings allow the increase in their transmission and their resistance to high laser fluence. A coating process based on the self-assembly of sol–gel silica nanoparticles and a post-treatment with ammonia vapor over the surfaces of the optical components (“ammonia curing process”) was developed and successfully optimized for industrial production. Manufacturing such antireflective coatings has clear advantages: (i) it is much cheaper than conventional top-down processes; (ii) it is well adapted to large-sized optical components and large-scale production; and (iii) it gives low optical losses in transmission and high resistances to laser fluence. The post-treatment was achieved by a simple exposition of optical components to room-temperature ammonia vapors. The resulting curing process induced strong optical and mechanical changes at the interface and was revealed to be of paramount importance since it reinforced the adhesion and abrasion resistance of the components so that the optical components could be handled easily. Here, we discuss how such coatings were characterized and how the initial thin nanoparticle film was transformed from a brittle film to a resistant coating from the ammonia curing process.

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KARAOMERLIOGLU, FILIZ. "MODELING MULTILAYER ANTIREFLECTION COATING SYSTEMS BASED ONLiNbO3." Modern Physics Letters B 24, no. 11 (May 10, 2010): 1145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984910023281.

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Antireflection coatings have had the greatest impact on optics. The antireflection (AR) coating is the critically important technology in obtaining high performance of optoelectronic devices. In the present paper, characteristics of the ferroelectric based multilayered antireflection coating systems are investigated. Multilayer antireflection coatings consisting of insulator thin films have been modeled in the region between the 400 nm and 800 nm visible bands of electromagnetic spectrum to reduce reflectance from ferroelectric based substrate.In this type of antireflection coating we can regulate the optical properties of a system by external electric (or thermal field) and design a broadband low reflection coating system for optoelectronic devices. In order to design and simulate the normal incidence wideband visible multilayer AR coatings, we have developed a Fortran software program based upon Fresnell equations. Different types of layers which are two-different materials like ZnSe and ZrO2for even-folded multilayer (two-, four-, six-, eight-, ten-, and twelve-layer) antireflection coatings are used. Ferroelectric material, LiNbO3is used as the substrate. The optical thicknesses of each layer are equal to a quarter-wave thick at a certain wavelength.

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Marot, L., G. Arnoux, A. Huber, V. Huber, Ph Mertens, G. Sergienko, E. Meyer, and J. E. T. Contributors. "Optical Coatings as Mirrors for Optical Diagnostics." Journal of Coating Science and Technology 2, no. 3 (January 5, 2016): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/2369-3355.2015.02.03.1.

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Quintero Balbas, Diego, Alice Dal Fovo, Daniela Porcu, Antonina Chaban, Simone Porcinai, Raffaella Fontana, and Jana Striova. "Non-Invasive Evaluation of Polymeric Protective Coatings for Metal Surfaces of Cultural Heritage Objects: Comparison of Optical and Electromagnetic Methods." Applied Sciences 12, no. 15 (July 27, 2022): 7532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157532.

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The application of protective coatings is an effective preventive strategy to avoid metal corrosion. Constant monitoring of the coating’s quality is fundamental for the successful preservation of the metallic objects by reducing their interaction with corroding agents. Their evaluation over time helps to identify failure at early stages and promote their removal and substitution. Several methods have been employed for coating evaluation (i.e., chemical analysis, thickness and homogeneity investigation). In this paper, we compare three methods—Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), Confocal Raman Microspectroscopy (CRM), and Eddy Currents (ECs)—to evaluate thickness values and coating integrity. The results from the two optical techniques (CRM and OCT) agree, being able to detect the inhomogeneity of the layer on a micron scale but requiring correction to account for the refraction phenomenon. The Eddy Current is a fast and efficient method for thickness estimation, providing data with millimetric lateral resolution.

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Mehner, Andreas, Ju An Dong, Timo Hoja, Torsten Prenzel, Yildirim Mutlugünes, Ekkard Brinksmeier, Don Lucca, and Fritz Klaiber. "Diamond Machinable Sol-Gel Silica Based Hybrid Coatings for High Precision Optical Molds." Key Engineering Materials 438 (May 2010): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.438.65.

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The demand for high precision optical elements as micro lens arrays for displays increases continually. Economic mass production of such optical elements is done by replication with high precision optical molds. A new approach for manufacturing such molds was realized by diamond machinable and wear resistant sol-gel coatings. Crack free silica based hybrid coatings from base catalyzed sols from tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS: Si(OC2H5)4) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES: Si(CH3)(OC2H5)3) precursors were deposited onto pre-machined steel molds by spin coating process followed by a heat treatment at temperatures up to 800°C. Crack-free multilayer coatings with a total thickness of up to 18 µm were achieved. Micro-machining of these coatings was accomplished by high precision fly cutting with diamond tools. Molds with micro-structured coatings were successfully tested for injection molding of PMMA optical components. The wear resistance of the coatings was successfully tested by injection molding of 1000 PMMA lenses. Hardness and elastic modulus of the coatings were measured by nano indentation. The chemical composition was measured by X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS) as a function of the sol-gel processing parameters.

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Tran, V. T., A. S. Klimov, and A. A. Zenin. "Formation of Coatings Based on Al2O3 on Polypropylene by the Electron-Beam Method in the Forevacuum Pressure Region." Proceedings of Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics 25, no. 3 (2022): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21293/1818-0442-2022-25-3-85-89.

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The article presents the results of using an electron beam for evaporation and deposition of ceramic coatings on polypropylene. Ceramics based on Al2O3 was used as the evaporated material. To generate an electron beam, a forevacuum plasma electron source was used, the need for which is due to its high efficiency in the processing of dielectrics. It has been shown that when creating coatings by this method on materials with low heat resistance, it is necessary to accurately control the time and rate of evaporation of ceramics. The optimal modes of coating deposition were determined, under which the temperature of the polymer does not rise above 80 °C. Photographs of applied coatings, their optical and surface properties are presented.

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Yang, Fusheng, Peng Wang, Xiaoli Yang, and Zaisheng Cai. "Antifogging and Antireflective Coatings by Spin-LbL Assembly of SiO2 and ZrO2 Nanoparticles." Nanoscience &Nanotechnology-Asia 9, no. 1 (December 26, 2018): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666180111144217.

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Background: Fogging is a common phenomenon and often causes trouble to people in daily life. Antifogging (AF) and Antireflective (AR) coatings can be effectively used to provide resistance to fogging and maintain the optical clarity in day-to-day life. For this reason, they are useful for maintaining optical clarity in optical instrument and display devices. Methods: Antifogging and antireflective coatings were fabricated using a Spin-LbL assembly process, and this process is driven by electrostatic interactions between the positively charged ZrO2 NPs and negatively charged SiO2 NPs. Results: The textured surfaces and void fraction can signicantly enhance the wettability of surfaces with water. And this may result in enhanced AF properties. In the Water contact angles (WCA) test, the ZrO2/SiO2 and SiO2/ZrO2 coatings were all superhydrophilic (almost 0°, less than 0.04 s). In the boiling test and low temperature AF test, the ZrO2/SiO2 and SiO2/ZrO2 samples showed excellent AF properties. Conclusion: Antifogging and antireflective coatings were fabricated via Spin-LbL assembly of the positively charged ZrO2 NPs and negatively charged SiO2 NPs followed by calcination. The resultant coatings showed excellent AF properties due to the superhydrophilicity of the coating, exhibited excellent AR properties due to the low refractive index coating and an appropriate coating thickness, and showed excellent superhydrophilic properties due to a nano-roughness structure.

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Katunin, A., O. Kolomiitsev, V. Pustovarov, and R. Oliinyk. "POSSIBILITIES OF USING OPTICAL RADIATION DIFFRACTION MANAGEMENT METHODS ON REFLECTIVE COATINGS OF ARMAMENT AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT FOR ITS PROTECTION AGAINST AMMUNITION WITH SEMI-ACTIVE LASER GUIDANCE SYSTEMS." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 15, no. 1 (April 12, 2023): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.15.2023.08.

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The article substantiates the need to improve the existent methods of combat defense and combat equipment (DAM) against bombs (guided combat munitions from UAVs, stray combat munitions, etc.)with semi-active laser targeting systems (LSA) on the basis of controlled reflective coatings. Methods of management the diffraction of optical radiation on reflecting coatings are based on applications in coating materials. At the same time, the reflecting properties can be purposefully changed by applying acousto-optical, electro-optical and thermos-optical effects. The acousto-optic method of diffraction control involves the spatial modulation of the beating coefficient in the medium, which is carried out by ultrasonic (acoustic) waves. During the distribution of ultrasound in the reflective coverage (areas of compression and discharge of the material of the waves distribution) appears in the reflective coverage. A purposeful change of descriptions of the acoustic wave leads to the possibility of forming the reflecting phase grating with a given parameter on which it will diffract a radiation. The electro-optical method of management the diffraction of laser radiation is based on the phenomenon of induced anisotropy of media under the influence of a field (electro-optical effect). However, the creation of reflective diffractive elements (coatings)using the electro-optical effect is limited by a number of disadvantages of this method. The thermo-optical method of management light diffraction consists in changing the optical constants of reflective coatings under the influence of temperature. On the basis of the multilayer interference systems (MLIS) with tapes, peak and phase diffraction gratings can be implemented. The use of MLIS coatings with ribbons in the display allows you to implement the functions of selecting and unlocking coatings in the infrared range. The last two methods are of the greatest practical interest since, unlike, the electron-beam method they allow heating a fairly large surface area of the coating. The implementation of diffraction control of optical radiation on the reflective coatings of DAM samples will allow to remove the ammunition control system with semi-active LSA from the working state as a result of the aiming point fluctuation.

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Tański, T., and W. Matysiak. "Optical properties of PVP/ZnO composite thin films." Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 1, no. 82 (May 1, 2017): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2071.

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Purpose: The aim of the work was the preparation of thin composite layers from PVP polymer doped by ZnO nanoparticles using the spin coating method and the analysis of the applied reinforcing phase on the morphology and optical properties of obtained composites. Design/methodology/approach: To analyse the morphology of thin coatings a technique of surface topography imaging using the atomic force microscopy (AFM) was applied. Analysis of the optical properties was conducted using absorbance spectrum in function of wavelength for all produced thin coatings using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Findings: AFM results show that mass concentration of ZnO nanoparticles of 10% in a solution of PVP/EtOH polymers has a meaningful influence on the morphology of the surface of the PVP/ZnO composite coatings. Using obtained absorbance spectra, the width of the band gap of the manufactured composite coatings were determined which were compared with a band gap values of pure polymer and used reinforcing phase. Practical implications: The analysis of the values of the energy band gap of the manufactured materials showed that both for pure polymer and composite coatings values of energy band gap are similar approx. 4 eV at the same time decrease the degree of absorption of electromagnetic radiation caused by the increasing concentration of the reinforcing phase, which indicates the broad possibilities of application of this type of the material.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Optical coatings'

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