Relevant bibliographies by topics / Optical atomic clocks

Academic literature on the topic 'Optical atomic clocks'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Optical atomic clocks"

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Ludlow, Andrew D., Martin M. Boyd, Jun Ye, E. Peik, and P. O. Schmidt. "Optical atomic clocks." Reviews of Modern Physics 87, no. 2 (June 26, 2015): 637–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.87.637.

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Gellesch, Markus, Jonathan Jones, Richard Barron, Alok Singh, Qiushuo Sun, Kai Bongs, and Yeshpal Singh. "Transportable optical atomic clocks for use in out-of-the-lab environments." Advanced Optical Technologies 9, no. 5 (November 26, 2020): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aot-2020-0023.

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AbstractRecently, several reports with a strong focus on compact, nonstationary optical atomic clocks have been published, including accounts of in-field deployment of these devices for demonstrations of chronometric levelling in different types of environments. We review recent progress in this research area, comprising compact and transportable neutral atom and single-ion optical atomic clocks. The identified transportable optical clocks strive for low volume, weight and power consumption while exceeding standard microwave atomic clocks in fractional frequency instability and systematic uncertainty. Some transportable clock projects additionally address requirements for metrology or serve the joint technology development between industrial and academic stakeholders. Based on the reviewed reports on nonstationary optical atomic clocks, we suggest definitions for transportable, portable and mobile optical atomic clocks. We conclude our article with an overview of possible future directions for developments of optical clock technology.
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Bondarescu, Ruxandra, Andreas Schärer, Andrew Lundgren, György Hetényi, Nicolas Houlié, Philippe Jetzer, and Mihai Bondarescu. "Ground-based optical atomic clocks as a tool to monitor vertical surface motion." Geophysical Journal International 202, no. 3 (July 16, 2015): 1770–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv246.

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Abstract According to general relativity, a clock experiencing a shift in the gravitational potential ΔU will measure a frequency change given by Δf/f ≈ ΔU/c2. The best clocks are optical clocks. After about 7 hr of integration they reach stabilities of Δf/f ∼ 10−18 and can be used to detect changes in the gravitational potential that correspond to vertical displacements of the centimetre level. At this level of performance, ground-based atomic clock networks emerge as a tool that is complementary to existing technology for monitoring a wide range of geophysical processes by directly measuring changes in the gravitational potential. Vertical changes of the clock's position due to magmatic, post-seismic or tidal deformations can result in measurable variations in the clock tick rate. We illustrate the geopotential change arising due to an inflating magma chamber using the Mogi model and apply it to the Etna volcano. Its effect on an observer on the Earth's surface can be divided into two different terms: one purely due to uplift (free-air gradient) and one due to the redistribution of matter. Thus, with the centimetre-level precision of current clocks it is already possible to monitor volcanoes. The matter redistribution term is estimated to be 3 orders of magnitude smaller than the uplift term. Additionally, clocks can be compared over distances of thousands of kilometres over short periods of time, which improves our ability to monitor periodic effects with long wavelength like the solid Earth tide.
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Colombo, Simone, Edwin Pedrozo-Peñafiel, and Vladan Vuletić. "Entanglement-enhanced optical atomic clocks." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 21 (November 21, 2022): 210502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0121372.

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Recent developments in atomic physics have enabled the experimental generation of many-body entangled states to boost the performance of quantum sensors beyond the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL). This limit is imposed by the inherent projection noise of a quantum measurement. In this Perspective article, we describe the commonly used experimental methods to create many-body entangled states to operate quantum sensors beyond the SQL. In particular, we focus on the potential of applying quantum entanglement to state-of-the-art optical atomic clocks. In addition, we present recently developed time-reversal protocols that make use of complex states with high quantum Fisher information without requiring sub-SQL measurement resolution. We discuss the prospects for reaching near-Heisenberg limited quantum metrology based on such protocols.
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Nakamura, Takuma, Josue Davila-Rodriguez, Holly Leopardi, Jeff A. Sherman, Tara M. Fortier, Xiaojun Xie, Joe C. Campbell, et al. "Coherent optical clock down-conversion for microwave frequencies with 10−18 instability." Science 368, no. 6493 (May 21, 2020): 889–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abb2473.

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Optical atomic clocks are poised to redefine the Système International (SI) second, thanks to stability and accuracy more than 100 times better than the current microwave atomic clock standard. However, the best optical clocks have not seen their performance transferred to the electronic domain, where radar, navigation, communications, and fundamental research rely on less stable microwave sources. By comparing two independent optical-to-electronic signal generators, we demonstrate a 10-gigahertz microwave signal with phase that exactly tracks that of the optical clock phase from which it is derived, yielding an absolute fractional frequency instability of 1 × 10−18 in the electronic domain. Such faithful reproduction of the optical clock phase expands the opportunities for optical clocks both technologically and scientifically for time dissemination, navigation, and long-baseline interferometric imaging.
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Singh, Sukhjit, Jyoti, Bindiya Arora, B. K. Sahoo, and Yan-mei Yu. "Magic Wavelengths for Optical-Lattice Based Cs and Rb Active Clocks." Atoms 8, no. 4 (November 10, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms8040079.

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Active clocks could provide better stabilities during initial stages of measurements over passive clocks, in which stabilities become saturated only after long-term measurements. This unique feature of an active clock has led to search for suitable candidates to construct such clocks. The other challenging task of an atomic clock is to reduce its possible systematics. A major part of the optical lattice atomic clocks based on neutral atoms are reduced by trapping atoms at the magic wavelengths of the optical lattice lasers. Keeping this in mind, we find the magic wavelengths between all possible hyperfine levels of the transitions in Rb and Cs atoms that were earlier considered to be suitable for making optical active clocks. To validate the results, we give the static dipole polarizabilities of Rb and Cs atoms using the electric dipole transition amplitudes that are used to evaluate the dynamic dipole polarizabilities and compare them with the available literature values.
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Ahmed, Mushtaq, Daniel V. Magalhães, Aida Bebeachibuli, Stella T. Müller, Renato F. Alves, Tiago A. Ortega, John Weiner, and Vanderlei S. Bagnato. "The Brazilian time and frequency atomic standards program." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 80, no. 2 (June 2008): 217–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652008000200002.

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Cesium atomic beam clocks have been the workhorse for many demanding applications in science and technology for the past four decades. Tests of the fundamental laws of physics and the search for minute changes in fundamental constants, the synchronization of telecommunication networks, and realization of the satellite-based global positioning system would not be possible without atomic clocks. The adoption of optical cooling and trapping techniques, has produced a major advance in atomic clock precision. Cold-atom fountain and compact cold-atom clocks have also been developed. Measurement precision of a few parts in 10(15) has been demonstrated for a cold-atom fountain clock. We present here an overview of the time and frequency metrology program based on cesium atoms under development at USP São Carlos. This activity consists of construction and characterization of atomic-beam, and several variations of cold-atom clocks. We discuss the basic working principles, construction, evaluation, and important applications of atomic clocks in the Brazilian program.
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Lu Xiaotong, 卢晓同, and 常宏 Chang Hong. "光晶格原子钟研究进展." Acta Optica Sinica 42, no. 3 (2022): 0327004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos202242.0327004.

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HEO, Myoung-Sun, Dai-Hyuk YU, and Won-Kyu LEE. "High-Accuracy Optical Frequency Atomic Clock." Physics and High Technology 30, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/phit.30.005.

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Frequencies have been the most accurately measured physical quantity since the second was defined in 1967 based on the microwave atomic transition of a Cs atom. Recently, atomic clocks using optical frequency transitions have shown an order of magnitude better accuracy than microwave clocks. Thanks to their high accuracy and resolution, atomic clocks have become a new tool for investigations involving fundamental science and technology, such as the search for dark matter, gravitational wave detection, the temporal variation of fundamental constants, relativistic geodesy, quantum metrology, and the advanced Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). In addition, a redefinition of the second based on the optical frequency is expected. In this paper, we review the principles and applications of optical clocks.
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Delehaye, Marion, and Clément Lacroûte. "Single-ion, transportable optical atomic clocks." Journal of Modern Optics 65, no. 5-6 (March 7, 2018): 622–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500340.2018.1441917.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Optical atomic clocks"

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Dovale, Alvarez Miguel. "Optical cavities for optical atomic clocks, atom interferometry and gravitational-wave detection." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2019. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8851/.

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It is an extremely exciting time for physics. In the last 100 years we moved from the formulation of Einstein's general relativity to the first direct observation of gravitational waves in late 2015 by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO). In that time we learned to use light to cool atoms to nearly absolute zero temperature, and to use atomic transitions in the microwave and optical regimes to devise the most accurate time and frequency references. We observed the wave-like behaviour of cold atoms in diffraction experiments using the periodic structure of light beams. Exploiting this wave-like behaviour, we constructed atom interferometers which allow us to test and measure gravity in a new scale. All of these experiments have one thing in common, from LIGO's giant 4 km arms, to the transportable atomic clocks sent to space, they all make use of a device that has become essential in many areas of science and technology: the Fabry-Perot optical cavity. This thesis delves deeply into the application of optical cavities at the forefront of experimental physics, and it is divided into three parts, each pertaining to a different field where optical cavities are a key technology.
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Lytle, Christian, and Christian Lytle. "Spectroscopy of Neutral Mercury in a Magneto-Optical Trap Based on a Novel Ytterbium Fiber-Amplified Cooling Laser Source." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621471.

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In this dissertation I present experimental results obtained on the mercury optical clock project in the research group of Jason Jones at the University of Arizona. The project began in 2008 with the purpose of investigating the feasibility of neutral mercury as an optical clock species. The first series of investigations involved building the essential apparatus and scanning the doppler-broadened 6¹S₀ - 6³P₀ clock transition in ¹⁹⁹Hg. Here I present significant modifications to the cooling and trapping laser, improvements to the spectroscopy laser linewidth, and attempts to measure the 2-photon transition in ¹⁹⁹Hg. After previously demonstrating spectroscopy of the mercury clock transition using an optically-pumped semiconductor laser for the cooling and trapping source (OPSL), we replaced the OPSL with a a fiber-amplified ECLD system. We custom built a fiber amplifier to provide gain at 1015 nm, demonstrating the system can yield up to 5 W of signal power with excellent suppression of the ASE power. We find that the ASE is well suppressed by using a two-stage configuration and short sections of gain fiber. The linewidth of our original spectroscopy laser was over 10 kHz, which is unsuitable to resolve of sub-Doppler features. To enhance the performance of our spectroscopy system, we integrated faster feedback bandwidth using AOMs, and incorporated derivative gain into the system. This resulted in a feedback bandwidth for our spectroscopy laser of over 200 kHz. With this system, we demonstrate anactively stabilized linewidth of 525 Hz for our spectroscopy system. Using the upgraded cooling and spectroscopy laser systems, we demonstrate spectroscopy of the clock system and confirm temperature measurements derived from the transition linewidth. We also describe attempts to detect the recoil shift and 2-photon transition in neutral mercury.
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Schulte, Marius [Verfasser]. "Entanglement in Ramsey interferometry, optical atomic clocks and trapped ions / Marius Schulte." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1226286194/34.

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Lamilla, Rubio Erick Abraham 1985. "Transmitindo padrões de frequência atômicos por redes de fibras ópticas=Transmitting atomic frequency standards in optical fiber networks." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/276939.

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Orientadores: Flavio Caldas Da Cruz, Luiz Eduardo Evangelista de Araujo
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-28T03:18:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LamillaRubio_ErickAbraham_M.pdf: 5773132 bytes, checksum: 33effe596fdd1deb74be96f588fc6150 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Resumo: Neste trabalho foi feito um estudo experimental da transmissão de padrões de frequência atómicos através de uma rede de fibra optica. Até onde sabemos este tipo de transmissão foi realizada pela primeira vez no Brasil. Utilizamos uma conexão de fibra óptica entre o Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin (IFGW) e a Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e Computação (FEEC) da UNICAMP, correspondendo a uma distância de aproximadamente 2 km, e um comprimento total de fibra de 18 km. Frequências de RF derivadas de padrões de frequência de Rubídio e de um receptor GPS foram transmitidas e caracterizadas através de medidas de frequência, particularmente por gráficos de variância de Allan, e medidas da fase
Abstract: In this experimental work, transmission of an atomic frequency standard through an optical fiber network has been implemented for first time in Brazil, to the best of our knowledge. We have used a fiber link between the Institute of Physics (IFGW) and the Department of Electrical Engineering inside the campus of the University of Campinas (UNICAMP) corresponding to 18 km fiber link (2km between buildings). Radio frequencies derived from a Rubidium standard and a GPS (Global Position system) receiver has been transmitted and characterized via phase and frequency measurements, particularly trough Allan deviation plots and phase measurements
Mestrado
Física
Mestre em Física
2013/15492-2
FAPESP
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Bridge, Elizabeth Michelle. "Towards a strontium optical lattice clock." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a96e73fe-f17b-4738-be1d-34429b5b4a05.

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Due to the recent success, in terms of accuracy and precision, of a number of strontium optical lattice optical frequency standards, and the classification of the 5s2 1S0 to 5s5p 3P0 transition in neutral strontium as a secondary definition of the SI unit of the second, many new strontium lattice clocks are under development. The strontium optical lattice clock (Sr OLC) at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) is one such project. This thesis describes the design and build of the NPL Sr OLC, discussing the considerations behind the design. Details of the first cooling stage are given, which includes the characterisation of a novel permanent-magnet Zeeman slower by measurements of the longitudinal velocity distributions and loading of the MOT at 461 nm. Development of a narrow linewidth laser system at 689 nm is described, which is used for initial spectroscopy of the second-stage cooling transition. In particular, this work describes progress towards two independent ultra-narrow linewidth clock lasers. The new generation of strontium lattice clock experiments have focused on characterising the systematic frequency shifts and reducing their associated fractional frequency uncertainties, as well as reducing the fractional frequency instability of the measurement. One focus of the Sr OLC at NPL is to help characterise the frequency shift of the clock transition due to black-body radiation (BBR), which is currently the largest contributor to the uncertainty budget of the measured clock frequency. Our approach, discussed here, is to make a direct, differential measurement of the shift with the atoms housed alternately in environments of differing temperatures. Better characterisation and control of the BBR frequency shift of the strontium clock transition is crucial for the future of the Sr OLC as a leading frequency standard.
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King, Steven Anthony. "Sub-hertz optical frequency metrology using a single ion of 171Yb+." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:428b1f40-3b5d-475e-aebc-c062b987e3f2.

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Optical frequency standards offer the possibility of a step improvement of up to two orders of magnitude in the accuracy with which the SI second can be realised. 171Yb+ possesses two dipole-forbidden optical transitions that are promising candidates for a redefinition of the second. In this thesis, absolute frequency measurements of these two transitions are presented. A number of experimental upgrades have been implemented, which have resulted in a large reduction in both the statistical and systematic uncertainties associated with the measurements and have improved both the reliability and simplicity of the experimental setup. In particular, the replacement of two frequency-doubled Ar+-pumped Ti:sapphire lasers with extended cavity diode lasers has eliminated the downtime associated with their maintenance. Additionally, the introduction of polarisation modulation on the cooling light has allowed the residual bias magnetic field required for laser cooling to be reduced by a factor of thirty. The first measurement at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) of the frequency of the 2S1/2 (F = 0) → 2D3/2 (F′ = 2) electric quadrupole (E2) transition at 436 nm is presented. The transition frequency was measured against a hydrogen maser using a femtosecond optical frequency comb, and was determined with a relative standard uncertainty of 1.3 × 10−14. A commercial diode-based laser system was then implemented in order to drive the 2S1/2 (F = 0) → 2F7/2 (F′ = 3) electric octupole (E3) transition at 467 nm. The laser frequency was actively stabilised to the ultra-narrow atomic absorption with a resolved linewidth of 11 Hz, allowing the acquisition of ninety hours of frequency data measured relative to the NPL’s primary frequency standard CsF2. Combined with a thorough evaluation of the systematic perturbations, the total fractional uncertainty in the absolute frequency of the transition has been reduced by a factor of twenty to 1 × 10−15. Recent complementary results from Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) show that the E3 transition in 171Yb+ has the potential to be a highly accurate and reproducible optical frequency standard, and to date these measurements demonstrate the best international agreement between trapped ion optical frequency standards.
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Petersen, Michael. "Laser-cooling of Neutral Mercury and Laser-spectroscopy of the 1S0-3P0 optical clock transition." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00405200.

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Maximo, Carlos Eduardo. "Collective scattering of light from disordered atomic clouds." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76131/tde-28022018-142502/.

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In this thesis, we investigate the coherent scattering of light by atoms randomly distributed in space. As described by a model of coupled dipoles, the cooperation in the spontaneous emission process results from purely optical interactions between the atomic internal degrees of freedom. In the optically dilute regime, where the atomic medium can be described by a refractive index, we have shown that light can be deflected with the application of a gradient of magnetic field. In the dense regime, short-range interactions appear to suppress Anderson localization of light even in two dimensions, a result which disassembles the common belief that all waves are localized in two dimensions. We also find that the fringe pattern, resulting from the interference between light scattered by an atomic cloud and that of its specular image, is robust to both disorder averaging and saturation. Finally, we demonstrate two-atom bound states in the two-dimensional motion through the long-range optical coupling. This optical binding effect with an atom pair will be important to investigate the all-optical stabilization of large clouds.
Nesta tese, investigamos o espalhamento coerente de luz por átomos distribuídos aleatoriamente no espaço. Conforme descrito por um modelo de dipolos acoplados, a cooperação no processo de emissão espontânea resulta de interações puramente ópticas entre os graus internos de liberdade dos átomos. No regime opticamente diluído, onde o meio atômico pode ser descrito por um índice de refração, mostramos que a luz pode ser desviada com a aplicação de um gradiente de campo magnético. No regime denso, as interações de curto alcance parecem suprimir a localização de Anderson da luz mesmo em duas dimensões, resultado que desmonta a crença comum de que todas as ondas estão localizadas em duas dimensões. Também descobrimos que o padrão de franjas, resultante da interferência entre a luz espalhada por uma nuvem atômica e a de sua imagem especular, é robusto tanto contra a média em disordem quanto contra saturação. Finalmente, demonstramos estados ligados de dois átomos no movimento bidimensional através do acoplamento óptico de longo alcance. Este optical binding effect com um par de átomos será importante para investigar a estabilização totalmente óptica de nuvens extensas.
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Abdel, Hafiz Moustafa. "Development and metrological characterization of a high-performance Cs cell atomic clock based on coherent population trapping." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCD035/document.

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Ce travail de thèse, effectué dans le cadre du projet européen MClocks (http://www.inrim.it/mclocks), reporte le développement et la caractérisation métrologique d’une horloge atomique à cellule de césium de haute performance basée sur le phénomène de piégeage cohérent de population (CPT). Cette horloge exploite un schéma de pompage CPT optimisé nommé push-pull optical pumping (PPOP), permettant la détection de résonances CPT à fort contraste sur la transition d’horloge 0-0. Une caractérisation détaillée des différents éléments de l’horloge est reportée. L’horloge fut exploitée en mode continu (CW) et en mode impulsionnel de type Ramsey. Dans les deux modes de fonctionnement, l’horloge démontre une stabilité relative de fréquence de l’ordre de 2 10−13 τ−1/2 jusque 100 s d’intégration, principalement limitée par des effets de puissance laser. Cette horloge atomique, parmi les meilleures horloges à cellule développées à travers le monde, pourrait trouver des applications pour les systèmes de télécommunications, d’instrumentation, de défense ou navigation par satellite.Cette thèse reporte aussi une technique originale de stabilisation de fréquence laser par spectroscopie sub-Dopplerbi-fréquence en cellule. La plateforme constituée par l’horloge a été utilisée pour mener des tests de physique plus amont incluant la caractérisation par spectroscopie CPT d’une cellule de césium avec un revêtement anti-relaxant OTS (octadecyltrichlorosilane) ou la caractérisation de microcellules à vapeur de césium avec gaz tampon développées à FEMTO-ST pour des horloges atomiques miniatures
This thesis work, performed in the frame of the MClocks European project (http://www.inrim.it/mclocks), reports the development and metrological characterization of a high-performance Cs vapor cell atomic clock based on coherent population trapping (CPT). The clock uses an optimized CPT pumping scheme, named push-pull optical pumping (PPOP), allowing the detection of high-contrast CPT resonances on the 0-0 magnetic-field insensitive clock transition. A detailed characterization of key components of the clock is reported. The clock was operated in the continuous-wave (CW) regime and in a Ramsey-like pulsed regime. In both regimes, the clock demonstrates a short-term fractional frequency stability at the level of 2 10−13 τ−1/2 up to 100 s averaging time, mainly limited by laser power effects. This CPT clock, ranking among the best microwave vapor cell atomic frequency standards, could find applications in telecommunication, instrumentation, defense or satellite-based navigation systems.This thesis reports also a novel laser frequency stabilization technique using dual-frequency sub-Doppler spectroscopy in a vapor cell. The clock ”platform” has also been used to perform using CPT spectroscopy the characterization of a Cs vapor cell coated with octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) or original buffer-gas filled Cs vapor micro-fabricated cells developed in FEMTO-ST for CPT-based miniature atomic clocks
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Bilicki, Sławomir. "Horloges à réseau optique au strontium : comparaisons d'horloges pour des applications en physique fondamentale et échelles de temps." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066247/document.

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Cette thèse est consacrée aux progrès récents des horloges à réseau optique au strontium du LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris. L'incertitude systématique et la stabilité des horloges optiques sont 2 ordres de grandeur meilleures que les horloges atomiques micro-ondes au cesium qui réalisent la seconde SI, bénéficiant maintenent a des applications en physique fondamentale, astronomie et géosciences. Dans un futur proche, une redéfinition de la seconde SI est attendue, quand les horloges optiques se seront révélées aussi fiables et reproductibles que les horloges a micro-ondes. La thèse présente trois étapes décisives dans cette direction. Nous présentons un fonctionnemment operation quasi-continu de nos horloges Sr pendant plusieurs semaines. Des comparaisons de fréquences locales et à distance avec diverses références de fréquence micro-ondes et optiques montrent que les horloges optiques sont reproductibles par des laboratoires independants. Nous avons démontré un premier réseau tout optique entre des horloges optiques à l'échelle continentale. Les horloges au Sr ont été utilisées pour préparer 5 rapports de calibration du Temps Atomique International (TAI) qui ont été validés par le BIPM comme première contribution au TAI par des horloges optiques. Certains de ces résultats ont été utilisés pour borner l'amplitude d'une possible violation de l'invariance de Lorentz analysant les comparaisons d'horloges distantes. Enfin, nous avons effectué une caractérisation complète des déplacements de fréquence associés aux sources laser à semiconducteur utilisées pour le piégeage des atomes dans l'optique d'applications pour des horloges transportables et spatiales
This thesis describes the latest progresses regarding the Sr optical lattice clocks at LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris. Nowadays, the systematic uncertainty and stability of optical clocks are 2 orders of magnitude better than cesium microwave fountains currently realizing the SI second, with applications in fundamental physics, astronomy and geoscience. In the near future, a re-definition of the SI second is expected, once optical clocks are proven to be as reliable and reproducible as their microwave counterparts. The thesis presents three decisive steps in this direction. First, we demonstrate nearly continuous Sr clocks over several weeks. Second, local and remote frequency comparisons against various microwave and optical frequency standards show that OLCs are reproducible over time, and by independent laboratories. We notably demonstrated the first all-optical agreement between optical clocks at continental scale. Third, the Sr clocks were used to calibrate the Temps Atomique International (TAI). The five calibration reports, which we produced, were validated by the BIPM, as the first contribution to TAI with optical clocks. In addition, some of these results were used to improve bounds on a putative violation of the Lorentz invariance by testing the stability of the frequency ratio between remote clocks. Finally, we conducted a full characterization of the frequency shifts associated with semi-conductor laser sources for the trapping light, including optical measurements and frequency shifts measurements, with applications for transportable and space clocks
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Books on the topic "Optical atomic clocks"

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Álvarez, Miguel Dovale. Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20863-9.

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Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting (27nd 1995 San Diego, Calif.). 27th annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting: [microform]. Greenbelt, Md: Goddard Space Flight Center, 1996.

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Álvarez, Miguel Dovale. Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection. Springer, 2019.

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Álvarez, Miguel Dovale. Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection. Springer International Publishing AG, 2020.

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Tiwari, Sandip. Electromagnetic-matter interactions and devices. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759874.003.0006.

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This chapter explores electromagnetic-matter interactions from photon to extinction length scales, i.e., nanometer of X-ray and above. Starting with Casimir-Polder effect to understand interactions of metals and dielectrics at near-atomic distance scale, it stretches to larger wavelengths to explore optomechanics and its ability for energy exchange and signal transduction between PHz and GHz. This range is explored with near-quantum sensitivity limits. The chapter also develops the understanding phononic bandgaps, and for photons, it explores the use of energetic coupling for useful devices such as optical tweezers, confocal microscopes and atomic clocks. It also explores miniature accelerators as a frontier area in accelerator physics. Plasmonics—the electromagnetic interaction with electron charge cloud—is explored for propagating and confined conditions together with the approaches’ possible uses. Optoelectronic energy conversion is analyzed in organic and inorganic systems, with their underlying interaction physics through solar cells and its thermodynamic limit, and quantum cascade lasers.
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Book chapters on the topic "Optical atomic clocks"

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Kolkowitz, Shimon, and Jun Ye. "Precision Timekeeping: Optical Atomic Clocks." In Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications, 139–56. 2nd ed. 2nd edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021– |: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003130123-9.

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Álvarez, Miguel Dovale. "Introduction to Optical Cavities, Atomic Clocks, Cold Atoms and Gravitational Waves." In Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection, 1–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20863-9_1.

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Karshenboim, Savely, Victor Flambaum, and Ekkehard Peik. "Atomic Clocks and Constraints on Variations of Fundamental Constants." In Springer Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, 455–63. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-26308-3_30.

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Karshenboim, Savely G., Victor Flambaum, and Ekkehard Peik. "Atomic Clocks and Constraints on Variations of Fundamental Constants." In Springer Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, 449–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73893-8_30.

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Álvarez, Miguel Dovale. "Modelling Parametric Instabilities at Advanced LIGO and ET." In Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection, 213–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20863-9_10.

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Álvarez, Miguel Dovale. "Summary and Conclusions." In Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection, 233–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20863-9_11.

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Álvarez, Miguel Dovale. "Thermal-Noise-Limited Room-Temperature ULE Cavity." In Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection, 29–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20863-9_2.

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Álvarez, Miguel Dovale. "Isolation from External Perturbations." In Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection, 63–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20863-9_3.

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Álvarez, Miguel Dovale. "Measure of the Resonator Stability." In Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection, 91–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20863-9_4.

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Álvarez, Miguel Dovale. "Cavity Atom Optics." In Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection, 103–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20863-9_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Optical atomic clocks"

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Wineland, David J. "Optical Atomic Clocks." In 2019 URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference (AP-RASC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ursiap-rasc.2019.8738756.

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Oates, Chris, Zeb Barber, Jason Stalnaker, Chad Hoyt, Yann Le Coq, and Leo Hollberg. "Optical Atomic Clocks Based Upon Neutral Atoms." In Laser Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ls.2007.ltuh3.

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Margolis, H. S., G. P. Barwood, K. Hosaka, G. Huang, H. A. Klein, S. N. Lea, A. Stannard, B. R. Walton, S. A. Webster, and P. Gill. "Trapped Ion Optical Clocks at NPL." In ATOMIC PHYSICS 20: XX International Conference on Atomic Physics - ICAP 2006. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2400638.

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Ferdinand, Andrew R., Zachary L. Newman, Wenqi Zhu, Sindhu Jammi, Grisha Spektor, David R. Carlson, Will Lunden, et al. "A scalable infrastructure for strontium optical clocks." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2022.stu5o.1.

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We demonstrate a scalable, integrated photonics infrastructure for optical atomic clocks. We laser cool and trap 4 × 105 87Sr atoms in a magneto-optical trap, using metasurface optics and a compact, single-chamber vacuum system.
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Peik, Ekkehard. "Optical Clocks with Trapped Ions: Atomic and Nuclear Clocks." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2022.stu5o.5.

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Progress on optical clocks with laser cooled trapped ions is presented with a focus on two systems that both possess small systematic uncertainties and a high sensitivity in fundamental tests: The 171Yb+ ion with an E3 transition and the 229Th3+ ion with a low-energy nuclear transition.
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Timmers, Henry, Andrew Attar, Bennett Sodergren, Star Fassler, Evan Barnes, Cole Smith, Saeid Rostami, Kurt Vogel, and Kevin Knabe. "Lasers for Deployed Optical Atomic Clocks." In Quantum 2.0. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/quantum.2022.qth3b.6.

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An environmentally-robust optical clockwork based on an ultranarrow linewidth laser is presented. Individual optical subsystem performance of the comb and cw lasers is analyzed, and the potential for integration into next-generation quantum sensors is discussed.
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Ido, T., M. M. Boyd, A. D. Ludlow, T. Zelevinsky, S. Blatt, S. M. Foreman, M. Notcutt, and J. Ye. "Optical atomic clocks based on ultracold neutral strontium atoms." In International Quantum Electronics Conference, 2005. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iqec.2005.1561161.

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Hollberg, L. "Optical atomic clocks: a revolution in performance." In 2005 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO). IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleo.2005.202086.

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Chu, Steven, Mark Kasevich, Kathryn Moler, Erling Riis, and David Weiss. "Future of neutral atom clocks." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.wh1.

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The measurement on energy levels suitable for time standards can be made more precise with the use of neutral atom manipulation techniques. We have created a fountain of atoms where the measurement time of atoms in ballistic free-fall can be on the order of a fraction of a second. With these long measurement times, the linewidth of the transition between the ground state hyperfine transition of sodium was measured to be 2 Hz. Transitions in the optical frequency range could then have Q's of 1014 to 1015. In addition to creating high Q resonances, it is desirable to have a continuous, high density fountain of atoms. Towards this end, we have constructed an "atomic funnel" capable of creating a cold, high flux stream of atoms suitable for injection into a continuous atomic fountain. In the first embodiment of the funnel, the brightness of the atomic beam (defined as the number of atoms per second/( ΔvxΔvyΔvz) was increased by a factor of 3 × 103. With more recent improvements for both funneling more atoms from the hot atomic beam and better use of polarization gradient cooling to launch the atoms, we will describe how to improve the brightness enhancement by another four orders of magnitude.
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Najda, S. P., P. Perlin, T. Suski, S. Stanczyk, M. Leszczyński, S. Schiavon, T. Slight, et al. "GaN laser technology for cold-atom quantum sensors and optical atomic clocks." In Optical Sensors. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/sensors.2021.sw4i.4.

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Reports on the topic "Optical atomic clocks"

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Lemke, N. D. An Optical Lattice Clock with Spin 1/2 Atoms. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1007299.

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