Relevant bibliographies by topics / Opportunity attitude

Academic literature on the topic 'Opportunity attitude'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Opportunity attitude"

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ISIN, FERIDE BAHAR. "GAY MARKETING: Opportunity or Nightmare for Firms." Australian Journal of Business and Management Research 02, no. 03 (April 11, 2012): 34–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52283/nswrca.ajbmr.20120203a05.

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This study investigated young adults’ attitudes towards homosexuality and perceptions of gay marketing based on data acquired through a survey questionnaire that included a total of 64 items on demographics and life experiences, attitude towards homosexuality and perceptions of gay marketing administered to 402 students at a private university in Turkey of both sexes aged 18 to 28. Findings suggest that young adults hold negative attitudes towards homosexuality, ranging from moderately negative to strongly negative, and generally with no significant differences by the respondents’ parents’ education, respondents’ political view or acquaintance with any homosexual person or level of exposure to gay themed advertisements. Female respondents hold slightly more negative attitudes towards homosexuality than male respondents do. A factor analytic method revealed three major components of young adults’ perceptions of gay marketing which could be named subjective perceptions (SP), perceptions of marketing strategies (MS) and opinion on moral consequences (MC). Results are discussed with the limitations of the study, and implications for marketers.
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Bahns, Angela J. "Preference, opportunity, and choice: A multilevel analysis of diverse friendship formation." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 22, no. 2 (August 28, 2017): 233–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430217725390.

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Diverse friendships offer many benefits for individuals and for intergroup relations, yet similarity is a powerful predictor of attraction and relationship formation. The current study examined how beliefs about the value of diversity relate to friendship choices. Naturally occurring dyads ( N = 552) were recruited from 10 college campus and community samples varying in size and racial heterogeneity. A questionnaire assessed dyad members’ beliefs about the value of diversity (valuing diversity), 10 social and political attitudes, and 4 social identity categories (race/ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, nationality). Multilevel models were estimated to examine dyad-level valuing diversity, community size, and community racial heterogeneity as predictors of diverse friendships. Valuing diversity was a significant predictor of diverse friendships; valuing diversity increased the likelihood that dyad members were diverse in race, religion, and sexual orientation but not in nationality or attitudes. The effect of valuing diversity varied according to community size and racial heterogeneity. Valuing diversity increased the likelihood of racially diverse friendships more in communities high compared to low in racial heterogeneity, and increased religiously diverse friendships more in smaller compared to larger communities. Valuing diversity was associated with greater attitude similarity in larger communities but was unrelated to attitude similarity in smaller communities.
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Ledi, Klenam Korbla, Enya Ameza-Xemalordzo, and Joseph Owusu. "THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDE AND OPPORTUNITY RECOGNITION ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge 10, no. 2 (December 22, 2022): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37335/ijek.v10i2.155.

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The study investigates the mediating role of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition on the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention among university students in Ghana. A structured questionnaire was administered to 500 university students in Ghana, and the data collected was analyzed using Amos. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess the hypothesized paths. The result indicated that entrepreneurial attitude had a substantial positive impact on both entrepreneurial intention and opportunity recognition among university students in Ghana. The result further indicated that entrepreneurial opportunity recognition positively affected university students' entrepreneurial intention. The study further illuminated that entrepreneurial opportunity recognition mediated the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention. This implies that an entrepreneurial attitude increases the chances of opportunity recognition and self-employment propensity in Ghana. The study suggests that students should cultivate an entrepreneurial mindset and develop a healthy attitude toward entrepreneurship, enhancing the chances of identifying and pursuing business opportunities. The study contributes to the literature by focusing on and highlighting innate attributes that can possibly contribute to self-employment propensity.
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Khalyavin, A. A. "Life choice: Opportunity or necessity." Uchenye zapiski St. Petersburg University of Management Technologies and Economics, no. 4 (January 16, 2023): 339–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/2541-8106-2022-4-339-342.

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The article deals with the psychological peculiarities of life choices as an integral part of modern man’s life. Questions of existential choice and their influence on the attitude to the future are touched upon. The theme of considering the main characteristics of life choices as necessity and possibility is raised. The essence of life choices from the point of view of fundamental motivations is revealed
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Alemayehu, Binyam Zewde, Paul Steffens, and Scott Gordon. "Opportunity Attitude: Moving Beyond Cognitive Evaluation of Entrepreneurial Opportunities." Academy of Management Proceedings 2020, no. 1 (August 2020): 10221. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2020.10221abstract.

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Frost, Robert L. "Campus Recreation and the Handicapped Students: Attitude and Opportunity." Recreational Sports Journal 11, no. 3 (May 1987): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/nirsa.11.3.35.

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Gautam, Prakash Kumar. "Satisfaction from Internship Program and Changing Attitude: A Perceptual Survey from Hotel Management Students." International Research Journal of Management Science 2 (December 4, 2017): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/irjms.v2i0.28046.

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Internship is a profession-oriented learning technique translating the knowledge into professional skills. It helps to equip future human resources with operational skills and enhanced social relationship. Satisfaction through internship program develops different attitudes which may lead loyalty, job commitment, extended efforts, etc. As it provides more independence and opportunity of social networking, it may change the attitude of the person. This piece of research is intended to estimate the level of satisfaction among the hotel management students and explore their attitude towards their decision regarding future profession. Structured questionnaire prepared both in English and Nepali was used to collect the response. Convenient as well as snow ball sampling are used as sampling techniques. Descriptive analytical tools are used to draw the conclusion. This study concludes that majority of the students are satisfied from the intern opportunity and hence they wish to join hotel industry. This study has observed low but positive and significant relationship with satisfaction and intention of changing attitude. This study has also explored the fact that there no gender influence in satisfaction level of the intern students but male students are more prone to change on behavioural intention. Students are positive regarding their career choice but are found of developing negative attitude towards college management as well as in-college activities.
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Taralik, Krisztina, Zsolt Molnár, and Tamás Kozák. "Channel Preferences in the High-Value Electronic Device Purchase Decision Process Regarding the Purchase Attitude among Domestic Buyers." Multidiszciplináris kihívások, sokszínű válaszok, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 86–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.33565/mksv.2022.02.04.

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Customer experience is influenced by the total purchasing decision process starting at the need recognition and ending at the post-purchasing stage. The IT development of the retail industry provides an opportunity and at the same time forces retailers to implement multi-channel strategies and give their consumers the opportunity to use the channels that best suit their needs at a given time for an enhanced shopping experience. The purpose of the study was to examine how Hungarian respondents’ purchasing attitude influences channel usage preference (instore, online big- and small screen) at different stages of customer journey when purchasing high-value electronic devices. For this purpose, the paper first identified homogenous respondent groups based on purchasing attitude factors, then explored the differences in the channel preference patterns at different stages of the purchasing process in customer groups separated by purchasing attitude. The purchasing attitude was measured using Likert scale in 7 priori dimensions including need of physical touch, impulsiveness, innovativeness, price and brand consciousness, convenience, and shopping experience. The research analyses collected data by quantitative online survey of 415 domestic respondents. The examined sample showed web-rooming behavior pattern and the homogeneous groups identified based on the purchasing attitudes of our respondents differed significantly in their channel usage preferences.
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Yanik, Mehmet. "Attitudes of University Students Towards Sport." Journal of Education and Training Studies 6, no. 5 (April 9, 2018): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i5.3047.

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The aim of this study is to examine the attitude levels of students receiving education at university level towards sport with regard to certain variables. The research was designed with the scanning model. A “sport attitudes scale” was applied to a total of 547 students, selected by random sampling method, who were studying at Balikesir University.The research findings revealed that the participants’ attitude levels regarding sport were at a “high attitude” level, with an average of 3.70±058. It was determined that participants who did sport regularly had a higher attitude level. It was also determined that according to the education department variable, students receiving sports education together with those in the economics faculty had higher attitude levels. As for the grade level variable, it was revealed that the lowest attitude level belonged to third-grade students.Consequently, with the aim of increasing university students’ attitude levels regarding sport, it is recommended that they be given the opportunity to do more sport and that they be given guidance in this direction.
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Sakuntala Pageni. "Job attitude and education attainment for professional identity." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 11 (November 23, 2020): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i11.856.

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This paper's job attitude and educational attainment try to identify the present condition in the context of job attitude and educational attainment. The purpose of this study is based on the relationship between qualification and job performance. Generally, job attitude is built on through career development, professional identity, job satisfaction job performance, and the job description which are concerned with the total attitudes towards the various aspects of the working condition of individual perception for holistic index. However, attitudes do not cause variation in attainment but opportunity cost, salary, and policies, and practices of company and government continue to be effective. This paper includes a theoretical concept behind job satisfaction which is the human relation theory of George Elton Mayo and the theory of equity of Stacy Adams. This paper is a review-based paper based on different related research article theories and books. To fulfill the aims of the study using a qualitative descriptive method to establish a relationship between the job attitude and education attainment. The main issue of this paper focuses on the working class and people's attitude towards the attainment of jobs and its utilization.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Opportunity attitude"

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Barbeite, Francisco. "Importance of learning and development opportunity to job choice decisions." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28567.

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Mothabeng, Amon Itumeleng. "An assessment of the attitudes of grade 12 learners toward entrepreneurship in a selected area in the North West province / Amon Itumeleng Mothabeng." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9178.

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The primary objective of this study was to assess the attitude of grade 12 learners towards entrepreneurship. This primary objective was achieved through the discussion and evaluation of the secondary objectives. The secondary objectives included the literature review relative to entrepreneurship, the empirical study and making practical recommendations. The study was conducted in a selected area in the North-West province, with a specific focus on the region as clustered by the Department of Education of the Kgetlengrivier Local Municipality. A comprehensive literature review was conducted. In the literature review entrepreneurship was defined based on an entrepreneur’s point of view and also as a process. The literature review also discussed the current state of entrepreneurship in South Africa, education and training models including measures to fast track entrepreneurship adoption among learners, and various models of entrepreneurial development. The assessment of attitude, entrepreneurial intentions of learners and opportunity recognition were other subjects covered in the literature review chapter. After the literature review, the empirical study was conducted by means of a self- completion questionnaire administered to grade 12 learners. The questionnaire was distributed to a total of 299 learners, and the feedback accumulated to 274 respondents, which represent a good response rate of 92%. Chapter 3 focused on the empirical research by discussing the results obtained from the questionnaire. The questionnaire was structured in such a way that it firstly deals with the respondents’ demographic information, after which it assesses attitude towards entrepreneurship, followed by ways of seizing entrepreneurial opportunities, and establishing the entrepreneurial environment in secondary schools including in South Africa. Furthermore, relations were determined between demographic variables and the constructs used to measure attitude towards entrepreneurship. Following the detailed analysis of chapter 3, conclusions and recommendations were summoned to chapter 4. Overall, the results indicated a view that learners are not entirely pruned to entrepreneurship due influential factors such as their parents’ or guardian’s lack of involvement in business. Furthermore, it also indicated that if learners are afforded constructive mentorship, they can be more inclined to entrepreneurship. Similarly, if they are financially assisted or motivation is provided by the government and private sectors, they can be able to venture into business.
Thesis (MBA)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Mo, Yun. "Opportunity to Learn, Engagement, and Science Achievement: Evidence form TIMSS 2003 Data." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29564.

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This study examined the relationships between opportunity to learn (OTL), science engagement, and science achievement in studentsâ middle school level. This study used the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) data from the 2003 wave. The data were analyzed using structuring equation modeling and hierarchical linear modeling. It was hypothesized that studentsâ engagement in science is a mediator between opportunity to learn and science achievement. Moreover, class and school level variability was also examined since the organization of the data was nested. The study examined the effects of OTL on studentsâ emotional, cognitive, and behavioral engagement in science and subsequently on science achievement controlling for family socioeconomics status. The results of structural equation modeling supported some theoretical formulations of the conceptual model, and showed significant effect of OTL factors on studentsâ science engagement, especially the behavioral engagement. Furthermore, science emotional and cognitive engagement showed positive effects on science achievement, but the effect of behavioral engagement on science achievement was complex. Detailed exploration and discussions were included in this study. The findings from hierarchical linear models suggested that studentsâ science achievement was not only related to studentsâ engagement, but also varied by class and school level OTL factors. The study had both theoretical and practical significances, providing valuable insights for the pedagogy of science.
Ph. D.
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Bergqvist, Eric, and Elina Sargezi. "Ambience : Is Ambience in Swedish Clothing Retail Stores a Missed Opportunity?" Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, EMM (Entreprenörskap, Marknadsföring, Management), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15274.

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Background: Nowadays, customers tend to take product quality and positive brand image for granted, which makes the formation of a new marketing strategy even more vital. In an age characterized by information overload and lack of time, factors such as emotional, cognitive or symbolic values become increasingly valuable in marketing. In contrast to American retail clothing stores such as Abercrombie & Fitch, who to a large extent use ambience as a strategic approach, the authors have not experienced as strong ambience strategies among Swedish retail stores. Therefore, the authors want to investigate if Swedish retailers make use of ambience as a strategic marketing approach and how the ambience is perceived by the consumers. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explore if and how ambience (lighting, fragrance and music) is used as a strategic marketing approach by retailers in Sweden and how the ambience is perceived by the consumers. In addition the authors will examine if the consumers’ perception of the current ambience is reflected in their in-store behaviour (willingness to browse and willingness to buy). Method: In order to fulfil the purpose, a mixed method of explanatory and descriptive design was chosen, by collecting quantitative data in the form of a survey and qualitative data through interviews. The questionnaire consisted of 91 respondents from JC, Carlings and Dressmann. Interviews with store-managers from JC, Carlings and Dressmann were also conducted in order to reflect if and how the current ambience is used as a marketing approach. Conclusion: Swedish retail stores use the ambience merely as a means for creating a pleasant store environment. The perceived atmosphere varies for different customers. The three ambient factors, lighting, music and fragrance, differed in level of importance for the three chosen stores. One conclusion drawn from this is that the age-group plays an important role in how the ambience is perceived. The results show that there is a positive relationship between the consumers’ perception of the ambience, their feelings and in-store behaviour; within all three stores. This indicates that if the positive feelings increase in intensity, so will the consumers’ willingness to browse and their willingness to buy from the store. As a conclusion, Swedish retails should consciously use ambience as a strategic marketing approach to intentionally affect the consumers’ willingness to browse and buy.
Bakgrund: Nuförtiden, tenderar kunder att ta produktkvalitet samt en positiv butiks image för givet, vilket gör att en ny typ av marknadsföringsstrategi blir alltmer betydelsefull. I en tid som kännetecknas av alltför stort informationsflöde och brist på tid, har faktorer som emotionella, kognitiva eller symboliska värden blivit alltmer värdefulla inom marknadsföring. I motsats till amerikanska detaljhandeln för klädesbutiker, såsom Abercrombie & Fitch, som i stor utsträckning använder sig av atmosfären som ett strategiskt marknadsföringsverktyg; uppfattar författarna inte att användandet av atmosfären som marknadsföringsstrategi är lika starkt bland svenska butiker. Författarna vill därför undersöka om svenska återförsäljare använder sig av atmosfär som ett strategiskt marknadsföringsverktyg, samt hur atmosfären uppfattas av konsumenterna. Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om och hur atmosfären (ljus, doft och musik) används som ett strategiskt marknadsföringsverktyg inom svenska klädesbutiker samt hur stämningen uppfattas av konsumenterna. Därutöver kommer författarna att undersöka om konsumenternas uppfattning om den rådande atmosfären återspeglas i deras butiksbeteende (villighet att gå runt i butiken samt villighet att köpa). Metod: För att uppfylla syftet, valdes en blandad metod med en förklarande och beskrivande design, genom att samla in kvantitativ data i form av en enkät och kvalitativ data från intervjuer. Enkätundersökningen bestod av 91 svarande från JC, Carlings och Dressmann. Intervjuer med butikschefer från JC, Carlings och Dressmann har också genomförts för att undersöka om och hur atmosfären används som ett marknadsföringsverktyg. Sammanfattning: Svenska butiker använder atmosfär enbart som ett medel för att skapa en trivsam butiksmiljö. Den upplevda atmosfären varierar för olika kunder. De tre omgivande faktorerna, belysning, musik och doft, skilde sig åt i nivå av betydelse för de tre utvalda butikerna. En slutsats av detta är att åldern på kunderna spelar en viktig roll för hur stämningen uppfattas. Resultaten visar att det finns ett positivt samband mellan konsumenternas uppfattning av atmosfären, deras känslor och beteende i butiken, inom alla tre butiker. Detta indikerar att om positiva känslor ökar i intensitet, kommer även konsumenternas vilja att vistas och köpa från butiken att öka. Som en slutsats, bör svenska återförsäljare för klädesbutiker medvetet använda atmosfären som ett strategiskt marknadsföringsverktyg, för att avsiktligt påverka konsumenternas vilja att vistas i samt köpa från butiken.
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Chung, Seh-Woong. "The effects of brand name fluency, attitude, and attribute accessibility on constrained and stimulus-based brand choices, the moderating role of the level of motivation and opportunity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63704.pdf.

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Rintamäki, Timo, and Afzali Vassil. "Employees’ Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Opportunity Recognition." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19589.

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Background: Organizations’ ability to recognize opportunities can provide competitive advantage for organizations in changing environment. In innovation-driven countries many en-trepreneurial people are working as employees in established companies and pursuing opportunities as corporate entrepreneurs. This is a group which researchers have dis-criminated by focusing only on CEO’s and entrepreneur’s opportunity identification capability. We would like to research the topic of employees’ opportunity recognition (OpR) and to find a link with their attitudes towards entrepreneurship, something that so far was not completely investigated in the literature. Purpose: The aim of the master thesis is to examine the relationship between the employee’s atti-tudes towards entrepreneurship and their implication on their ability to recognize opportu-nities – a step before developing innovation or uniqueness, resulting in creation of compet-itive advantage to the company, presumably leading to company growth. This paper in-tends to fill the gap in the literature regarding one of the dimensions of the factors leading to company growth and analyses a different business stakeholder group – namely employees in medium-sized companies. From business perspective, it might help company leaders understand the need of encouraging entrepreneurial initiatives and encourage them with some practical suggestions. The research question is: does employees’ attitude towards en-trepreneurship affect their opportunity recognition. Method: We have chosen deductive and explanatory approach for our research because we study causal relationship between attitudes towards entrepreneurship and OpR. The primary data was collected by a self-administered electronic questionnaire. The num-ber of received responses is 53, mainly from manufacturing and service industries. Conclusion: Employees’ positive attitude towards entrepreneurship increases their opportunity identification capability.
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Johnson, Colleen Rebecca. "Desire and Opportunity to Marry Among Black South African Women." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3800.

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This study examines how demographic and attitudinal variables are associated with Black South African women's desire to marry. Data from the South African Social Attitudes Survey are used to measure the impact of age, education, living standard, religiosity, urbanicity, cohabitation, and attitudes towards woman's careers, the acceptability of cohabitation, gender roles, unwed childbearing, and the financial and emotional security marriage provides on the desire to marry. Analyses indicate the following are associated with the desire to marry among Black South African women: age, cohabitation, attitudes towards cohabitation, and attitudes towards the financial and emotional security marriage provides. Secondly, data from in-depth interviews with 13 young, college-attending, Black South African women are used to give further insight into the impact of these variables on the desire to marry. Analyses of the interview data suggest that young Black South African women desire to marry but feel constrained in choice of eligible partners by the prevalence of infidelity, AIDS, domestic violence, and economic uncertainty. Additionally, educated, young, Black South African women feel less pressure to marry than older generations due to their emerging economic power and society's increasing acceptance of cohabitation, unwed childbirth, and postponement of marriage.
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Lock, Suk-han, and 駱淑嫻. "Careers education in s skills opportunity school (SOS): a case study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31961320.

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Augustin, Sophie, Daniela Rroshi, and Alyssa Schneebaum. "A Chance for Change? Social Attitudes Towards Immigration and the Educational Opportunity of Immigrants' Children." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2019. http://epub.wu.ac.at/7043/1/wp287.pdf.

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This paper proposes a method to study the relationship between voters' attitudes towards immigration and the educational attainment of immigrants and their children, and applies it to Austrian data. We measure attitudes towards immigration using data on political parties' positions regarding immigration and the share of votes that each party received at the regional level. We then study the educational attainment and intergenerational educational mobility of immigrants who grew up in the regions whose political environment we observe. Preliminary results for Austria suggest that, surprisingly, better attitudes towards migration are associated with lower educational attainment for immigrants. However, immigrants are more likely than their native peers to obtain more education than their parents. Here, the returns to more positive attitudes towards immigration play a large role in explaining the mobility gap across migration background.
Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Chan, King-lun, and 陳景麟. "Perspectives of home-school partnership viewed by parents and teachersin a skills opportunity school." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B27581974.

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Books on the topic "Opportunity attitude"

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Hyde, Karin A. L. Barriers to equality of educational opportunity within mixed-sex secondary schools in Malawi. [Zomba, Malawi]: University of Malaŵi, Centre for Social Research, 1994.

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Schwartz, Bernard L. Just say yes: What I've learned about life, luck, and the pursuit of opportunity. Austin, Tex: Greenleaf Book Group Press, 2014.

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Creighton, Millie R. Women in the Japanese department store industry: Capturing the momentum of the equal employment opportunity law. [East Lansing, Mich.]: Michigan State University, 1989.

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The minds of marginalized black men: Making sense of mobility, opportunity, and future life chances. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 2004.

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Elliott, S. F. University first degrees by part-time evening study in England and Wales: An examination of opportunity and attitudes during two centuries. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1989.

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Aughterson, Kate. Opportunity lost: A survey of the intentions and attitudes of young people as affected by the proposed system of student loans. London: National Union of Students, 1989.

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Lopez, Valentin. Creating a Winning Attitude: A Guide to Turn Obstacles into Steps to Success and Mistakes into Opportunity. Independently Published, 2019.

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Journals, Antonella. Start Each Day with a Grateful Attitude : 100 Pages to Give Thanks for a Great Day, a Great Opportunity and Much More, Cultivating a Positive Attitude: Gratitude Journal. Independently Published, 2020.

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Chung, Seh-Woong. The effects of brand name fluency, attitude, and attribute accessibility on constrained and stimulus-based brand choices: The moderating role of the level of motivation and opportunity. 2001.

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Brink, David O. Fair Opportunity and Responsibility. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859468.001.0001.

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Fair Opportunity and Responsibility lies at the intersection of moral psychology and criminal jurisprudence and analyzes responsibility and its relations to desert, culpability, excuse, blame, and punishment. It links responsibility with the reactive attitudes but makes the justification of the reactive attitudes depend on a response-independent conception of responsibility. Responsibility and excuse are inversely related; an agent is responsible for misconduct if and only if it is not excused. Consequently, we can study responsibility by understanding excuses. We excuse misconduct when an agent’s capacities or opportunities are significantly impaired, because these capacities and opportunities are essential if agents are to have a fair opportunity to avoid wrongdoing. This conception of excuse tells us that responsibility itself consists in agents having suitable cognitive and volitional capacities—normative competence—and a fair opportunity to exercise these capacities free from undue interference—situational control. Because our reactive attitudes and practices presuppose the fair opportunity conception of responsibility, this supports a predominantly retributive conception of blame and punishment that treats culpable wrongdoing as the desert basis of blame and punishment. We can then apply the fair opportunity framework to assessing responsibility and excuse in circumstances of structural injustice, situational influences in ordinary circumstances and in wartime, insanity and psychopathy, immaturity, addiction, and crimes of passion. Though fair opportunity has important implications for each issue, treating them together allows us to explore common themes and appreciate the need to take partial responsibility and excuse seriously in our practices of blame and punishment.
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Book chapters on the topic "Opportunity attitude"

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Peng, George Z. "Opportunism and Bounded Rationality in Transaction Cost Economics: Values, Attitudes, or Behaviors?" In Toward Behavioral Transaction Cost Economics, 109–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46878-1_3.

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Stubbs, Margaret L., and Evelina W. Sterling. "Learning About What’s “Down There”: Body Image Below the Belt and Menstrual Education." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies, 233–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_20.

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Abstract Stubbs and Sterling begin this chapter by discussing pubescent girls’ negative attitudes about their bodies ‘below the belt’ within the context of preparation for menstruation during pubertal education. As menstrual education presents mostly negative expectations for girls, the authors argue that it is a key contributor to girls’ negative attitudes about ‘down there.’ Instead, Stubbs and Sterling offer that menstrual education is a valuable opportunity to provide girls with a more accurate, positive, and embodied view of their genitals to access as they develop a sexual sense of themselves. The authors conclude with suggestions for improving this avenue of learning about ‘down there.’
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Graham, Carol. "The Role of Government in Enhancing Opportunity for the Poor: Economic Mobility, Public Attitudes, and Public Policy." In Pathways Out of Poverty, 247–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0009-3_12.

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Hussain, Zahid, and Jasdeep Singh. "A Study of Consumer Attitudes and Behaviour Towards Sustainability in Bradford, UK: An Economical and Environmentally Sustainable Opportunity." In Corporate Sustainability, 115–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37018-2_6.

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Olfos, Raimundo, and Masami Isoda. "Teaching the Multiplication Table and Its Properties for Learning How to Learn." In Teaching Multiplication with Lesson Study, 133–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28561-6_6.

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AbstractWhy do the Japanese traditionally introduce multiplication up to the multiplication table in the second grade? There are four possible reasons. The first reason is that it is possible to teach. The second reason is that Japanese teachers plan the teaching sequence to teach the multiplication table as an opportunity to teach learning how to learn. The third reason is that memorizing the table itself has been recognized as a cultural practice. The fourth reason is to develop the sense of wonder with appreciation of its reasonableness. The second and the fourth reasons are discussed in Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-28561-6_1 of this book as “learning how to learn” and “developing students who learn mathematics by and for themselves in relation to mathematical values, attitudes, ways of thinking, and ideas.” This chapter describes these four reasons in this order to illustrate the Japanese meaning of teaching content by explaining how the multiplication table and its properties are taught under the aims of mathematics education. In Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-28561-6_1, these were described by the three pillars: human character formation for mathematical values and attitudes, mathematical thinking and ideas, and mathematical knowledge and skills.
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"Our Attitude and the Opportunity of Aging." In Unaging, 292–97. Cambridge University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781009083645.028.

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Brink, David O. "Blame, Punishment, and Predominant Retributivism." In Fair Opportunity and Responsibility, 117–51. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859468.003.0006.

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Blame is a directed attitude that involves a core aversive reaction based on a belief that the target is blameworthy but gives rise to a syndrome of familiar expressive and communicative functions. Punishment involves blame and sanctions. Retributivist essentials are explained and defended, and it is argued that retributivism must be part of the truth about the justification of punishment. Predominant retributivism should be preferred to pure retributivism.
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Malik, Rajeev Kumar, Priyanka, and Sujit Kumar Dubey. "Interplay of Attitude, Satisfaction and Purchase Intentions." In Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services, 281–95. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0332-3.ch015.

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On one hand entry of e-commerce is bringing a new dimension to competitive landscape, and on the other the customers are becoming more aware and are willing to exercise their choice more than ever before. Increased influence of social media among youth provide the opportunity for retailers to engage with customers in newer forms and to extend their relationship with the customers. All these things provided the motivation for researchers to undertake this endeavor to understand and examine the attitudes of youth towards Online Shopping. Efforts were made to understand the relationship between Attitudes towards Online Shopping, Satisfaction and Future Intentions to Shop Online. Satisfaction of online shoppers worked as a partial mediator between Attitude towards Online Shopping and purchase intentions.
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Nulton, Karen S., and Irvin Peckham. "Chapter 9. Writing Program Assessment, Attitude, and Construct Representation: A Descriptive Study." In Writing Assessment, Social Justice, and the Advancement of Opportunity, 293–314. The WAC Clearinghouse; University Press of Colorado, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.37514/per-b.2018.0155.2.09.

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Reis, Zerrin Ayvaz. "Investigating the Attitude of Students Towards Online Learning." In E-Adoption and Technologies for Empowering Developing Countries, 156–69. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0041-6.ch012.

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The evolution of Internet has provided an opportunity for offering online learning. The old online learning models are getting replaced by new e-learning models. Many universities worldwide have started offering e-learning or online learning through a variety of online learning methods. In fact, the current e-learning models are revolutionizing the instructional content delivery, learning activities, and social communication. Although online learning environments are becoming popular, there is minimal research on learners’ attitudes toward online learning environments. The purpose of this study is to explore learners’ attitudes toward online learning. Over 300 participants participated. The findings of this study of students’ perceptions and attitudes toward online learning not only will help assess pedagogical approach but also help university officials prepare Internet-based online education delivery.
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Conference papers on the topic "Opportunity attitude"

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"Observation opportunity and attitude design for the ATLAS 1 mission." In Space Programs and Technologies Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1993-4298.

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KRUJA (DEMNERI), Alba, and Lumturi KALLUCI. "ENTREPRENEURSHIP AMONG GRADUATES: A SELF-EMPLOYMENT AND ADVANCEMENT OPPORTUNITY." In Happiness And Contemporary Society : Conference Proceedings Volume. SPOLOM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2021.35.

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Entrepreneurship is very important for the economy of a country and it is seen as a key force for economic development. In less developed countries where poverty and mass unemployment are the dominant facts of economic life, entrepreneurship is considered as a solution to face unemployment. Entrepreneurs are the engines of the economy, who use their knowledge and inspiration accompanied with a great risk to provide new, challenging products and services. The aim of this study is to understand the graduates’ attempts towards entrepreneurial activities, some of the factors that motivated them to become entrepreneurs and barriers that they faced. The quantitative data is used to present the findings of an exploratory research which was applied on alumni of Epoka University via a structured questionnaire. A sample of 115 graduates is collected from their answers. Through descriptive analysis is determined the impact of knowledge, skills, work experience, and inspirational model on the entrepreneurial intent of Epoka University graduates, to promote entrepreneurship, reduce unemployment, develop innovation and strengthen the economy. Besides entrepreneurs, this study investigates the entrepreneurial intent of employed and unemployed alumni and concluded they had a positive attitude towards it. This study tends to contribute to the university as well as the Government in increasing efforts to encourage more students to entrepreneurship activities as their career path upon graduation. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Graduates, Opportunities, Competences, Epoka University, Albania
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Rahyadi, Irmawan, and Enny Khurniasari. "The Feminist Saga: A Risk or an Opportunity for Indonesian Womenpreneur Towards Feminist Attitude in Twitter?" In Proceedings of the 2nd Borobudur International Symposium on Humanities and Social Sciences, BIS-HSS 2020, 18 November 2020, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.18-11-2020.2311651.

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Zhang, Ning, Shengying Zhu, and Rui Xu. "A novel method for attitude and position determination of small body spacecraft based on opportunity feature region." In 2017 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cac.2017.8243413.

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Gigauri, Iza, Mirela Panait, and Maria Palazzo. "Teaching Corporate Social Responsibility and Business Ethics at Economic Programs." In 2nd International Conference Global Ethics - Key of Sustainability (GEKoS). LUMEN Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gekos2021/3.

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The pandemic is seen as an opportunity to further advance in business ethics. Prof. Freeman called academics to contribute to developing more ethical business models. Businesses have been revising their missions towards more ethical business models as the pandemic has changed attitudes to life. Society expects that companies will serve human beings rather than solely maximization of profit to their stakeholders. This research is motivated by analyzing the importance of teaching business ethics. This research has looked into the directions of business education in terms of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and business ethics. The article intends to highlight the potential of CSR education in overcoming the pandemic crisis and increasing the wellbeing of society. This desk research underlines the standpoint of universities whether they should teach business ethics or CSR at the business faculties, and analyzes the educational programs of the business faculties to find out their attitude towards teaching of CSR/ethics.
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Morlacchi, Stefano, Jaime Schmieg, Dan Cooper, Francesco Burzotta, Francesco Migliavacca, and Pavlos P. Vlachos. "Experimental Investigation of the Local Blood Flow Pattern in Stented Coronary Bifurcations." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53468.

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Stenting procedures give the opportunity to treat cardiovascular diseases with a time saving, cost effective and minimally invasive procedure when compared to coronary artery by-pass, while ensuring improved clinical results than balloon angioplasty. However, despite their success, stenting procedures are still associated with some clinical problems like sub-acute thrombosis (ST) and in-stent restenosis (ISR). Several clinical studies associate these issues to the local blood flow alterations caused by stent implantation. In particular, hemodynamic forces like wall shear stresses induce endothelial cells to experience an enhanced proliferative attitude.
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Mimlitz, Zachary, Adam Short, and Douglas L. Van Bossuyt. "Toward Risk-Informed Operation of Autonomous Vehicles to Increase Resilience in Unknown and Dangerous Environments." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60002.

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Operation of autonomous and semi-autonomous systems in hostile and expensive-to-access environments requires great care and a risk-informed operating mentality to protect critical system assets. Space exploration missions, such as the Mars Exploration Rover systems Opportunity and Curiosity, are very costly and difficult to replace. These systems are operated in a very risk-averse manner to preserve the functionality of the systems. By constraining system operations to risk-averse activities, scientific mission goals cannot be achieved if they are deemed too risky. We present a quantifiable method that increases the lifetime efficiency of obtaining scientific goals via the implementation of the Goal-Oriented, Risk Attitude-Driven Reward Optimization (GORADRO) method and a case study conducted with simulated testing of the method. GORADRO relies upon local area information obtained by the system during operations and internal Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) information to determine system health and potential localized risks such as areas where a system may become trapped (e.g.: sand pits, overhangs, overly steep slopes, etc.) while attempting to access scientific mission objectives through using an adaptable operating risk attitude. The results of our simulations and hardware validation using GORADRO show a large increase in the lifetime performance of autonomous rovers in a variety of environments, terrains, and situations given a sufficiently tuned set of risk attitude parameters. Through designing a GORADRO behavioral risk attitude set of parameters, it is possible to increase system resilience in unknown and dangerous environments encountered in space exploration and other similarly hazardous environments.
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Olatokun, Wole, and Louisa Igbinedion. "The Adoption of Automatic Teller Machines in Nigeria: An Application of the Theory of Diffusion of Innovation." In InSITE 2009: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3332.

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This study tested the attributes of the theory of diffusion of innovation empirically, using Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) as the target innovation. The study was situated in Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria. The population comprised banks customers in Jos who used ATMs. The sampling frame technique was applied, and 14 banks that had deployed ATMs were selected. Cluster sampling was employed to select respondents for the study. Data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire administered to 600 respondents of which 428 were returned giving 71.3% return rate. Principal Factor Analysis, and Multiple Regression were the analytical techniques used. The demographic characteristics of the respondents revealed that most of them were students and youths. From the factor analysis, it was revealed that the respondents believed in their safety in using ATM; that ATMs were quite easy to use and fit in with their way of life; that what they observed about ATMs convinced them to use it and that ATM was tried out before they use it. The constructs Relative Advantage, Complexity, Compatibility, and Trialability were all found to have a significant impact on the Attitude towards ATM, which in turn had a significant impact on the Intention to use it. Relative Advantage and Compatibility had almost the same weight of impact on Attitude; while Observability had the highest impact on attitude. To increase the diffusion of ATMs, it was recommended that banks should ensure enhanced salience of ATM to customers’ needs, greater compatibility of ATM to customers banking norms and lifestyle, less complex and easy to use system and opportunity for adopters to experiment with the system before using ATMs.
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Favi, Claudio, Michele Germani, Fabio Gregori, Marco Mandolini, Marco Marconi, Eugenia Marilungo, Alessandra Papetti, and Marta Rossi. "Environmental Sustainability Awareness in Product Design Practices: A Survey of Italian Companies." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67698.

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This paper aims to analyze the attitude and the awareness of environmental sustainability issues within diverse Italian industrial companies. A survey has involved a balanced sample of companies operating in different industrial sectors. Considering the survey’s results it can be concluded that: (i) environmental sustainability is an opportunity and a current market requirement, (ii) environmental sustainability is not formalized, since specific methods and tools are not used in technical departments, and (iii) environmental decisions are mainly made by specific key figures (i.e. energy/environmental manager). This analysis can be considered as a useful starting point for the framework formalization of eco-design approaches and tools able to bring eco-design principles into the work of technical departments with the aim to foster the future development of green and sustainable products and services.
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Pelleh, Moshe, Bruria Haberman, Tammy Rosenthal, and John English. "Linking Theory Practice and System-Level Perception: Using a PBL Approach in an Operating Systems Course." In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3236.

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Courses on Operating Systems (OS) are essential in computer science education. The topic provides the students with an excellent opportunity to experience the interplay between theory and practice. Specifically, a project-based-learning (PBL) instructional design for an OS course can provide the students with opportunities to engage in practical projects. The PBL approach enables students to take part in learning activities which are essential for grasping underlying theoretical concepts, linking theory, practice and system-level perception. In this paper we present our experience in teaching an operating systems course with a continuing evolving project using a PBL approach. The findings of a preliminary assessment indicated a highly positive attitude on the part of the students towards the PBL approach used in the course as well as towards the qualitative evaluation method that was used to assess their achievements.
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Reports on the topic "Opportunity attitude"

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Knight, Ruth, and Kylie Kingston. Gaining feedback from children in The Love of Learning Program. Queensland University of Technology, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.206154.

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This report details both the process undertaken to develop an evaluation instrument that can collect feedback from children in the Love of Learning program and feedback the children have provided. A total of 178 children who are beneficiaries of the program completed the survey, and 91% confirmed the program was positively supporting them. They provided their feedback using a 20-question survey which measured four protective factors that previous research suggests supports children to engage with and enjoy learning, helping them to thrive in school and life. The protective factors are known to foster social, emotional, and academic development and success. There is a strong positive association between these factors, and the results of the survey suggest the Love of Learning program is influencing children's attitude towards learning and school. This report highlights some of the design challenges and complexities when engaging children in participatory evaluation. Importantly, to ensure children are given an opportunity to provide feedback, they must be supported by their foster carer who need to also feel informed and confident to be part of the evaluation process and empower children to speak up. Further research will now be conducted to implement the evaluation process more widely and ascertain if the protective factors improve a child’s health, educational engagement, and performance.
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McEntee, Alice, Sonia Hines, Joshua Trigg, Kate Fairweather, Ashleigh Guillaumier, Jane Fischer, Billie Bonevski, James A. Smith, Carlene Wilson, and Jacqueline Bowden. Tobacco cessation in CALD communities. The Sax Institute, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/sneg4189.

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Background Australia is a multi-cultural society with increasing rates of people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. On average, CALD groups have higher rates of tobacco use, lower participation in cancer screening programs, and poorer health outcomes than the general Australian population. Lower cancer screening and smoking cessation rates are due to differing cultural norms, health-related attitudes, and beliefs, and language barriers. Interventions can help address these potential barriers and increase tobacco cessation and cancer screening rates among CALD groups. Cancer Council NSW (CCNSW) aims to reduce the impact of cancer and improve cancer outcomes for priority populations including CALD communities. In line with this objective, CCNSW commissioned this rapid review of interventions implemented in Australia and comparable countries. Review questions This review aimed to address the following specific questions: Question 1 (Q1): What smoking cessation interventions have been proven effective in reducing or preventing smoking among culturally and linguistically diverse communities? Question 2 (Q2): What screening interventions have proven effective in increasing participation in population cancer screening programs among culturally and linguistically diverse populations? This review focused on Chinese-, Vietnamese- and Arabic-speaking people as they are the largest CALD groups in Australia and have high rates of tobacco use and poor screening adherence in NSW. Summary of methods An extensive search of peer-reviewed and grey literature published between January 2013-March 2022 identified 19 eligible studies for inclusion in the Q1 review and 49 studies for the Q2 review. The National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Levels of Evidence and Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools were used to assess the robustness and quality of the included studies, respectively. Key findings Findings are reported by components of an intervention overall and for each CALD group. By understanding the effectiveness of individual components, results will demonstrate key building blocks of an effective intervention. Question 1: What smoking cessation interventions have been proven effective in reducing or preventing smoking among culturally and linguistically diverse communities? Thirteen of the 19 studies were Level IV (L4) evidence, four were Level III (L3), one was Level II (L2), none were L1 (highest level of evidence) and one study’s evidence level was unable to be determined. The quality of included studies varied. Fifteen tobacco cessation intervention components were included, with most interventions involving at least three components (range 2-6). Written information (14 studies), and education sessions (10 studies) were the most common components included in an intervention. Eight of the 15 intervention components explored had promising evidence for use with Chinese-speaking participants (written information, education sessions, visual information, counselling, involving a family member or friend, nicotine replacement therapy, branded merchandise, and mobile messaging). Another two components (media campaign and telephone follow-up) had evidence aggregated across CALD groups (i.e., results for Chinese-speaking participants were combined with other CALD group(s)). No intervention component was deemed of sufficient evidence for use with Vietnamese-speaking participants and four intervention components had aggregated evidence (written information, education sessions, counselling, nicotine replacement therapy). Counselling was the only intervention component to have promising evidence for use with Arabic-speaking participants and one had mixed evidence (written information). Question 2: What screening interventions have proven effective in increasing participation in population cancer screening programs among culturally and linguistically diverse populations? Two of the 49 studies were Level I (L1) evidence, 13 L2, seven L3, 25 L4 and two studies’ level of evidence was unable to be determined. Eighteen intervention components were assessed with most interventions involving 3-4 components (range 1-6). Education sessions (32 studies), written information (23 studies) and patient navigation (10 studies) were the most common components. Seven of the 18 cancer screening intervention components had promising evidence to support their use with Vietnamese-speaking participants (education sessions, written information, patient navigation, visual information, peer/community health worker, counselling, and peer experience). The component, opportunity to be screened (e.g. mailed or handed a bowel screening test), had aggregated evidence regarding its use with Vietnamese-speaking participants. Seven intervention components (education session, written information, visual information, peer/community health worker, opportunity to be screened, counselling, and branded merchandise) also had promising evidence to support their use with Chinese-speaking participants whilst two components had mixed (patient navigation) or aggregated (media campaign) evidence. One intervention component for use with Arabic-speaking participants had promising evidence to support its use (opportunity to be screened) and eight intervention components had mixed or aggregated support (education sessions, written information, patient navigation, visual information, peer/community health worker, peer experience, media campaign, and anatomical models). Gaps in the evidence There were four noteworthy gaps in the evidence: 1. No systematic review was captured for Q1, and only two studies were randomised controlled trials. Much of the evidence is therefore based on lower level study designs, with risk of bias. 2. Many studies provided inadequate detail regarding their intervention design which impacts both the quality appraisal and how mixed finding results can be interpreted. 3. Several intervention components were found to have supportive evidence available only at the aggregate level. Further research is warranted to determine the interventions effectiveness with the individual CALD participant group only. 4. The evidence regarding the effectiveness of certain intervention components were either unknown (no studies) or insufficient (only one study) across CALD groups. This was the predominately the case for Arabic-speaking participants for both Q1 and Q2, and for Vietnamese-speaking participants for Q1. Further research is therefore warranted. Applicability Most of the intervention components included in this review are applicable for use in the Australian context, and NSW specifically. However, intervention components assessed as having insufficient, mixed, or no evidence require further research. Cancer screening and tobacco cessation interventions targeting Chinese-speaking participants were more common and therefore showed more evidence of effectiveness for the intervention components explored. There was support for cancer screening intervention components targeting Vietnamese-speaking participants but not for tobacco cessation interventions. There were few interventions implemented for Arabic-speaking participants that addressed tobacco cessation and screening adherence. Much of the evidence for Vietnamese and Arabic-speaking participants was further limited by studies co-recruiting multiple CALD groups and reporting aggregate results. Conclusion There is sound evidence for use of a range of intervention components to address tobacco cessation and cancer screening adherence among Chinese-speaking populations, and cancer screening adherence among Vietnamese-speaking populations. Evidence is lacking regarding the effectiveness of tobacco cessation interventions with Vietnamese- and Arabic-speaking participants, and cancer screening interventions for Arabic-speaking participants. More research is required to determine whether components considered effective for use in one CALD group are applicable to other CALD populations.
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Male involvement in family planning: A KABP study of Agra District, Uttar Pradesh. Population Council, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1997.1008.

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Although lack of male involvement in family planning has been a topic of research and discussion since the early 1980s, during the last five years it has become an important issue for women advocates, researchers, and many international agencies that are committed to reproductive health and gender equality. The large number of articles on this subject and growing number of conferences, research projects, and debates are testimonies to the importance of the issue, both from the programmatic point of view and as a process for bringing about a gender balance in men's and women's reproductive rights and responsibility. This paper addresses the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices of rural males toward various aspects of family formation including reproduction and contraceptive use. The study was undertaken in the rural areas of Agra district, in Uttar Pradesh. To assess the knowledge and attitudes of males, 517 currently married males were interviewed. Out of those interviewed, 317 of their wives were also interviewed. The two sets of data provide an opportunity to compare the attitudes of males and females on issues related to family formation.
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