Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Opinion publique – France – 1990-2020'
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Comby, Jean-Baptiste. "Créer un climat favorable. Les enjeux liés aux changements climatiques : valorisation publique, médiatisation et appropriations au quotidien." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020086.
Helft-Malz, Véronique. "La place des femmes politiques dans la vie politique française : Analyse des représentations collectives des femmes à l'épreuve de la réalité." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020057.
Weske, Simone. "Die Kluft zwischen Regierenden und Regierten in der Europapolitik : ein deutsch-französischer Vergleich nationaler Repräsentationsprozesse in europapolitischen Fragen." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0022.
Sometimes, national governments pursue a European policy which is not in line with the preferences of their citizens. Under what conditions such a gap between government and people can be bridged – and under what conditions it persits? This doctoral thesis examines this double question using the example of France and Germany. It develops seven hypotheses concerning the conditions of responsiveness (governmental action follows popular preferences) and of leadership (popular preferences follow governmental action). If neither repsonsiveness nor leadership is possible, a gap between government and people cannot be bridge, the thesis argues. The empirical findings confirm the hypotheseses. They show furthermore that varying political and cultural contextes offer varying chances of success for responsiveness and leadership : The French political system favours responsiveness whereas the German political system favours leadership. Moreover, the empirical findings show why it is often difficult to bridge the gap between government and people in European politics : Frequently, a lack of political offer hinders responsiveness and, at the same time, a lack of coherency within the political elite hinders effective leadership. These circumstances risk to alienate the wider public more and more from the process of European integration
Barisione, Mauro. "L'immagine dei leader : come la percezione dei candidati influenza le scelte degli elettori : i casi di Italia e Francia a partire dagli anni '90." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003IEPP0006.
Xie, Yong. "Représentations de la France et des français, trajectoires et construction d’une compétence interculturelle en contexte sino-français." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030016.
Because the exchanges between China and France keep on developing themselves, the representations built thanks to the different contacts and mobility are beginning to be an important problematic. The subject of our research is Chinese representations of France, French and the French language, and the factors occurring in the process of these representations. This study prioritises the half-directed interview as collection of data, crosses the experiment of six groups of Chinese who have experienced mobility to France in order to study, to emigrate or for professional reasons. The analysis of these interviews applies on two levels: a thematic study on the macro-social level dedicated to the sociocultural decoding, and a biographic study on the micro-social level in order to wonder on the majeur influence of the trajectory. Finally, this study advances educational propositions with the aim of the construction of an intercultural competence
Lambret, Nicolas. "Le Burkina Faso dans les hebdomadaires français de 1998 à 2008." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020048.
Giraudeau, Fanny. "L'opinion publique en Chine et son évolution au travers de la presse écrite française depuis l'été 2007." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020050.
Through the prism of articles edited in the French print media, we think about the question of the public opinion in China between the summer 2007 and the end of 2010. The objective is double: on one hand understand the public opinion in China and on the other hand comprehend the public opinion in France on China. The public opinion in China pierces in social aspects. To think better about the question, it is important to consider the conditions of the elaboration of the public opinion: the evolution of the Chinese context and its international image; the economic sphere of influence which makes the population oscillate between tradition and modernity … Divided between capitalism and communism, China is suffering from important disparities. The analysis examines the social and political life, and the opinion the Chinese have of themselves and of the world which surrounds them. Finally, the western glance on China leads to the question of the democracy. Is the recurring number of riots the indication of a will of democratization? China feeds western illusions which see in the democracy the universal solution. The Chinese government itself regularly uses the term of democracy, but "Chinese-style". From then a synthetic vision of the probability of evolution of the Chinese politics is discussed. Is it possible to conjugate socialism and democracy either does China move towards an acculturation of the current Regime? Besides, the study being based on articles of the French print media, it seems useful to ask the question of the partiality of this media. Qualitatively, quantitatively what are the themes of the Chinese opinion in the French print media? Are articles many? Who writes, with which frequency? It will appear that the Press can be rather partial and structures the French public opinion. Yet, a better communication, bigger and more opened on China seems absolutely essential
Bonnafous, Simone. "Immigrés et immigration dans la presse politique française de 1974 à 1984 : analyse de discours." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040150.
This thesis aims to analyse forms of French national political press dealing with immigrants and immigration (1971-1984). The first part studies outward forms of discourse: number of articles written each year, columns and genres, kinds of events related. The second part, with lexicometric methods, and specially analysis of the specific vocabulary, shows that systems of designation of oneself and of the others are different enough from one newspaper to an other, but also similar enough to allow many skidding. In the third part, a new way to study "chronological" corpus is tested; it opposes the seventies to the eighties: in the former, the whole press speaks about immigrants as workers, or living in collective homes; in the latter, immigrants are seen as the source of problems for French people. The fact that the issue is progressively negated is general. It must be connected with the absence of clear perception of oneself and of the others in most newspapers. Only the extreme-right press (militant et le national) and the left wing press has a coherent system of designation; so they do not change their way of seeing the subject of immigration between 1974 and 1984
CHANG, HONG. "L'opinion publique en alsace face a la construction de l'europe : 1945 a 1950." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR20024.
The thesis is consecrated to the alsatian public opinion faced with the european integration from 1945 to 1950. Taking into account of the alsatian specific situation, it tries to define the evolution of this alsatian public opinion from the point of view of the various alsatian specific caracteristics. The choice of strasburg, capital of alsace, as the headquarter of the council of europe in february 1949 has given a new dimension to the alsatian public opinion toward the european integration. From that time, the european idea becomes one of the most important actualities in alsace. In the same time, the alsatian sense of identity considered as a positive factor for europe begins to be more and more debated in relation with the european integration. The study shows that the alsatian public opinion expresses its specific situation tied with its double culture and its troubled past due to historic vicissitudes between france and germany. It makes also sure the existence of a very favourable and original european idea in alsace during this period
Abu, Sbeit Mohamed. "L'image du Liban dans la presse écrite française : une étude analytique de trois quotidiens parisiens et de leurs attitudes vis-à-vis du Liban." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070001.
AThe purpose of this research is to analyze the contents of three parisian newspapers (le Figaro - le Monde - Liberation) in order to know their attitudes towards the events that occured in lebanon betwen 1982 and 1986. The most important events during this periode are the following : - the israeli invasion of Lebanon and its consequences 1982-1983. - the lebanese conflict or the civil war (1983-1985). -the french hostages (1985-1986). This research includes three principal studies : -form analysis or a study of the news structure (headlines, leads location of the news in the papers, front page, volume occupied by the lebanese information and the information sources). -thematic analysis of the contents of each newspaper. -affective stimulation analysis (terminological study or study of the vocabulary used)
Bazin, Maëlle. "Dessiner la liberté d'expression face au terrorisme : sémiotique et sociologie des pratiques graphiques en hommage aux victimes des attentats de « Charlie Hebdo » (France, janvier 2015)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ASSA0078.
Combining contributions from the semiotics of images, the anthropology of the written word and media studies, this research focuses on a corpus of several hundred drawings produced in response to the Islamist terrorist attacks of January 2015 in the Île-de-France region. It establishes the extent to which the drawing, as an auxiliary and subject of discourse of popular mobilisations, constitutes a vector of cohesion between French people. The first part of the thesis shows how the attacks of January 2015 constitute a pivotal moment in remembrance practices in France and explains the connections and originality of this doctoral research. Following on from work on the sociology of the attacks, this thesis focuses primarily on the visual dimension of the messages, an aspect that has been little explored until now. The second part examines the media treatment of the attacks, looking at how the framing of an attack on freedom of expression affects the ways in which the French press and television engage the public. The third part analyses a large amount of empirical material from a number of French public and private archives. It takes account of the plurality of graphic practices and forms of politicization in three specific communication devices: ephemeral memorials in three provincial towns, walls in the capital and letters sent to the editorial staff of Charlie Hebdo
Rousseau, Sabine. "L'engagement de chrétiens français contre les guerres d'Indochine et du Vietnam (1945-1975)." Lyon 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO20075.
The thesis relates the story of the french christian groups - both catholic and protestant ones - who stood out against the french war in Indochina between 1945 and 1954 and against the american war in Vietnam between 1965 and 1975. It is mainly based on the study of about thirty periodicals with a christian approach, and on private archives belonging to christian militants and movements. But in order to make a comparison with secular groups, it also uses other sources of information that are similar as to their nature though non christian. The thesis is centered on the concept of commitment. Its aim is to state the motivation, the pace of activity and the forms of christian militancy against both wars in Indochina : by analysing militant rhetoric, it shows how the war was turned into a cause ; and it charts the progress of the various anti-war protest activities that christians organised or in which they took part so as to act out their disapproval. There are three parts following the chronology of events : the first part, dealing with the french war in Indochina, focuses on how various actors took public stand, a process which led to acts of commitment by groups or individuals, taking place between 1947 and 1954. This part allows us to develop a typology of christian activism at a time when the first wave of decolonization and the cold war loomed large. The second part is about the first phase do the american war in Vietnam between 1965 and 1968. The christian opposition to that war is partly what gave birth to a significant disagreement within ecclesiastical hierarchies in the post Vatican II period. The third part covers the years 1969 to 1975 and shows militants trying to rebuild some form of christian identity, especially through commitment against the war in Vietnam. This was to be achieved by elaborating a liberation theory, by seeing how it was possible to act in accord with non-christians within the dynamics of a coalition of left wing political parties and/or by creating humanitarian associations centered on Vietnam
Lagrange, Delphine. "La France face aux Etats-Unis pendant la crise irakienne : "ressources démocratiques" d'une puissance moyenne dans sa contestation de l'hégémon." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0010.
Using the Iraq crisis as a case study, this thesis shows to what extent a middle power such as France is able to be autonomous from the hegemon in the post-bipolar world. According to us, the latter, marked by the enduring relevance of the “pole” concept in perceptions of state as well as non-state actors, can be qualified as “antipolar”. We consider that the United States have become rather the centre of contestations than a worldwide acknowledged leader. In the Iraq affair, as French decision-makers lack the means to prevent the US project, and are marked by the “hyperpower referential” (defined by us as a perception of the hegemon’s unsurpassable domination), they initially choose cooperation, or “loyalty”. Afterwards, as they are in presence of a mobilised global public opinion, they decide to rely on it as well as on multilateralism in a “voice” strategy which appears to be imperative to them. In doing so, they mobilise what we call either “global” (opinion) or “international” (United Nations) “democratic resources”. Despite some very limited costs and non-fungible but still observable benefits, French decision-makers decide very soon after the breaking of the war to go back to loyalty toward Washington, contestation remaining an exception
Liu, Kaixuan. "Le miroir chinois : les attitudes françaises face à la Chine dans les milieux politique, diplomatique, intellectuel et médiatique, de 1949 au milieu des années 1980." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0009.
The evolution of French attitudes towards China between 1949 and the mid-1980s can be divided into three phases. Between the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and the Sino-Soviet split in the early 1960s, China is perceived by French observers as a Sovietized communist country, both domestically and diplomatically. Attitudes of French people towards this China reflect their positions in the confrontations of the Cold War. China is considered in different spheres as a pillar of the international communist movement, a more humane alternative to Soviet communism, or a "yellow and red" threat to the West. Then, during the period from 1963 to the end of the Cultural Revolution in 1976, China is no longer seen as a member of the communist camp. The Sino-Soviet split and the Cultural Revolution give birth to the idea of a "Chinese model", even if it takes different forms according to different observers. For some, China represents the hope of the regeneration of communism; for the others, it applies a system opposed to the industrialized world and not at all imitated elsewhere. The third phase covers the period from 1976 to the mid-1980s, during which the relations between French people and China normalize. France's passion for Franco-Chinese relationship is fading, and French views on China became more lucid
Zanifi, Karima. "Les politiques de communication extérieure de la France de 2003 à 2009." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020003.
In a globalized world partly shaped by competition between nations, building a strong identity andimage is becoming an increasing tool of power.Producing such a good image and appearance is similarly important when it comes to relationshipsbetween states as to relationships between France and its own public opinion or foreign publicopinion. That’s where foreign communication and public diplomacy counts.This PhD thesis aims at providing another point of view and an answer to the French questioningabout France’s place in the world nowadays.Mainly managed by the French foreign office, foreign communication policies represent the will ofthe government and express its directions more than a French identity.The characteristics of the French tradition of diplomacy and international relations are marked by thespecificity of the Vth Republic. The governments’ foreign policies between 2003 and 2009 follow thenew strategy of France as a member of the international community building and preserving peace.Ambitions for France as an independent and important nation have to find a foundation in its actionsas well as a translation in the medias.The skills and means devoted to the foreign communicationpolicies appear to miss some points.We looked at the current situation to reveal the lacks and strengths of the process. Our work alsointend to suggest ways of imagining, building and managing operational policies and campaignsthroughout the world this next years.Psychological pressures from domestical tradition of rejecting communication refrains the population in itsself-representation and so far the country from entering the cognitive war this new century brought in
Keyhani, Narguesse. "Les "relations interculturelles" : trajectoire sociale d'une catégorie réformatrice." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DENS0039/document.
This study follows the trajectory of the category of “intercultural relations”, both an academic and a public policy category. It analyses, in the French context, its first formulations in the beginnings of the 1960’s, its various forms of institutionalization along the 1980’s and describes its progressive invisibilization until the 2000’s. This study investigates the way different actors use this category in a scientific, administrative or political way in order to consider the presence of immigrants in the French society. The mobilization of this category led these sociologists, educationalists and civil servants to rethink the immigration phenomenon. Instead of looking at the dynamics of social classes or with an assimilationist view, they put the cultural dimension of immigrant workers’ presence in France at the heart of the analysis. At the centre of this study lies the analysis of the emergence of this scientific category coined via critical knowledge and used as a reforming public policy category which targets representations of a so-called “racist French public opinion”. The investigation is carried out at the crossroads of socio-historical analysis of a category and the study of the construction of policy problems. It is based on (partly unreleased) archives of public organizations, depending from the Ministry of social affairs, in charge of implementing insertion policies and promoting intercultural relations. This study also relies on the grey literature produced both by the main promoters of this cause, and various State agencies as well as interviews with both kinds of actors. These empirical data are examined through two approaches: first the analysis of the relations between knowledge and public policy; and second, the relations between organisations and public policy. The thesis shows that the idealistic dimension of this category promoting a harmonious management of intercultural relations has not been present very long in the government’’ agenda. However, this category has been used as a long-lasting regulation device for the interactions between street-level civil servants and immigrants constituents. It also shows that the institutionalization of this knowledge in an organization at the margin of the State and the strategies developed to fight a “racist public opinion” contributed to forge and feed a depoliticized antiracism. Investigating on a barely visible category, the thesis aims at giving an account of the process of the redefinition of the boundary between State and society which is at the heart of the pedagogical role of the State
Têtu-Delage, Marie-Thérèse. ""Clandestins" au pays des papiers : une anthropologie des mondes et des circulations entre légal et illégal des migrations algériennes (1998-2004)." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20043.
This thesis has for object analyses of languages, practices and distance covered by irregular "algerian" migrants to France in interaction with juridical procedures, established categories, adopted policies concerning them and their consequences. By an approach interactionnist and comprehensive, relations and interactions, between facts and laws, social realities and rights are explored, observed, described and analysed. This thesis defenses that irregular migrants expresse the aspiration to the "right to have rights". A Right which would recognize their capacity to act and to choose their life. That gives occasion to a "legal pluralism" that multiple actors negotiate in "social worlds" to the intersection and beyond the institutions officiality and procedures juridical State-Nation. Migratory circulations assert themselves so as "territories" of varieties versions interpenetrations and right-handed uses
Lees, Johanna. "Ethnographier la précarité énergétique : au-delà de l’action publique, des mises à l’épreuve de l’habiter." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0159.
Energy poverty is at the confluence of housing, welfare and the environment; it is a question of public interest that has been on the political agenda in France for several years. If, at the outset of this research, the term 'energy poverty' had already permeated public policies, applied research and associations, very little was known about the concrete day to day situations this term refers to. Thus, the aim of this thesis has been to redefine the notion of energy poverty through the experience of the people affected by it and, thence, to analyse the mechanisms of state intervention in this field. The thesis is divided into three sections. The first studies the question's emergence into the public spheres in France and the United Kingdom, in today's context; it is based upon the study of documents and interviews with local actors. The second section proposes an ethnographic survey and aims to understand, from the families' point of view, what 'inhabiting' means in an energy poverty situation and, beyond this, the significance of 'being inhabited' by energy poverty. Finally a third section, also based on ethnographic study, deals with the relationships between the interviewees, utility companies, co-owner associations and landlords. It also deals with their relations with the State as beneficiaries of various public programmes destined to combat energy poverty. This section thus aims to establish an anthropology of the relations that those in extreme poverty develop with the State, relations that are described and analysed 'bottom up'
Gratadour, Céline. "L'accompagnement des demandeurs d'emploi : de la conception à la mise en oeuvre : complexité des institutions, difficultés d'évaluation." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010062.
Hachimi-Alaloui, Myriam. "L'épreuve de l'exil : le cas des Algériens installés en France et au Québec." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0119.
Martin, Pascal. "Les métamorphoses de l'État social : la réforme managériale de l'assurance maladie et le nouveau gouvernement des pauvres." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0077.
Between 1995 and 2008 the reform of the health insurance system in France deeply transformed the social state. From the apex of the state downwards various apparatuses (institutional structures, training programs, work organization) induced new (or renewed) thought categories and practices that penetrated the representations and work of institutional agents. The role of the state was reinforced and managerial policies incorporating a new governance system were introduced. In the course of this transformation, the training programs aimed at different categories of agents were reformatted to fit both the new political orientations of the health system and the discourse of "quality service" with its managerial tools. The implementation in January 2000 of a universal health coverage programme called CMU (Couverture Maladie Universelle), the aim of wich was to protect precarious populations, has been empirically observed. The influx of "assisted" population groups claiming CMU or AME (state medical aid for certain foreign populations) benefits led to a reorganisation of the system, evidence in the way in wich users of the health system are treated at the reception at local level. The managerial rationalisation allowed a classification of users ranging from "good" insured clients to the "assisted" and the imposition of strictly quantitative objectives (norms of "quality"), rationalised work time and work organisation measuring such items as "client" time spent in waiting lines on the length of interviews. At the same time, however, arbitration over the attribution of conditional CMU or AME coverage was left to the discretionary appreciation of health service employees
Sifer-Riviere, Lynda. "Entre désordre et ordre : la fabrique des réseaux régionaux de cancérologie (1990-2010)." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0147.
Through the analysis of the origins and the generalization of the Regional Oncology Networks in France, this thesis aims to understand the reconfiguration of the organization of cancer care in the line with interactionnist sociological way and in particular with Anselm Strauss approach. As a medical organization, the Regional Oncology Networks are coordinated and evaluated through the same unique principles as any other hospital activity that is dedicated to cancer in France today. Based on the result of an ethnographical and long-term analysis of two regions that were chosed of their contrasted experience, the thesis reconstitutes three moments that lead to the situation which prevails today : (1) the invention of the networks of cancer, more or less formalized and operating at variable geographical scales between 1996 and 1996, (2) the invention of the regional networks of cancer contributing to order in a region the emerging diversity networks cancer and the cancer care organization between 1996 and 2003, and finally (3) their generalization to the whole national territory, became compulsory by the national plan of fight against cancer between 2003 and 2007. The Regional Cancer Network becomes a new regional organization of the national politic in the fight against cancer. During these three periods, the development of various types of networks was a response to different organizational and professional problems linked to an increased competition between the clinicians and hospitals, the opaqueness of care providers and politico-economic imperatives in constant evolution. Examining the work necessary for the invention and for the development of these networks made it possible to report the capacity of both clinicians and hospitals to create locally new solutions to reorder and re-configure the organization of cancer care, which are embedded in the changing context of the health care system and its regulation
Delaunay, Anne-Claire. "L’image de l’Italie et de S. Berlusconi (1994-2008) dans cinq hebdomadaires français." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020074.
The way the french weekly press describes Italy is rather negative. It is true that Italy has to face important difficulties such as an economic recession and a permanent government instability. The “Ligue du Nord”, a xenophobic party, is also worrying. « Antipolitic », which is known as the rejection of politicians, is a disturbing phenomenon too. Above all, Berlusconi who was at the same time a Prime minister and the owner of three commercial TV channels is suspected to distort and pervert democracy. However, Italy can’t be reduced to these negative aspects. Positive aspects are not fully appreciated by the french weekly press. It also attributes too much responsibility to Berlusconi. Journalists thinks throw « filters », that means their own standards. These standards are usually french, elitist and conservative ones. More than that, severe critics against Berlusconi are probably the way the journalists try to get power over politicians. The requirement of their job also explains the picture which is reflected in the french newspapers. Of course their editorial lines as their ideologies do influence their choices. Berlusconi is questioning our certitudes, our values and our assumptions: should the extremist parties be involved in a government? Should media be considered as a power that needs to be separated from the others? Journalists can’t distance themselves from news like historians or philosophers may do. However they should become conscious of their « filters » and then should describe Italy with more various nuances. The challenge is the quality of french press and the esteem the Italians might not carry on concerning France
González, Olga L. "La « débrouille » : migrants andins en France et accès aux droits." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0118.
This research analyzes Andean migrants' individual and collective behaviour in France, in their attempt to reach social integration. The field work carried out in the Parisian region shows that the Andean migrants' preferred strategy can be characterized as "individual husding". The term points to the relationship between the individual and the law and institutions. The migrants deal with their situation by placing themselves outside of the legal framework as well as largely outside of institutions. This strategy is defined by the author and compared to other similar sociological concepts; it is then used to examine the behaviour of migrants of other origins. A number of recurring strategies can be analyzed using the concept of 'home society transfer', which explains the link between the migrants' home society's social and political context and the types of behaviour they display as immigrants
Breton, Éléanor. "La raison du territoire départemental : la contractualisation comme instrument de revendication d’une juridiction territoriale par les conseils généraux : le cas d’un conseil général (2001-2015)." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1276.
This thesis concerns the “contractualization” of subsidies set up by the Departmental Councils to co-finance the projects of local infra-departmental authorities. These policies of territorialisation of public action are part of the dynamics of recomposition of power relations between local authorities. Based on a case study, the thesis shows how local contractual arrangements were constructed and implemented from the 2000s as instruments to enable the Departmental Council, weakened by the reforms of local institutions, to exercise control over its territory. The creation of rules, work organisations, knowledge and statistical and cartographic tools contributes to structure a “reason of the departmental territory”. These resources provide the Departmental Council with new support that allows it to assume the role of "expert prescriber" of spatial planning of its territory. The processes that contribute to the claim of this territorial jurisdiction by the Departmental Council are empirically captured from the analysis of the multiple material and ideal investments it involves and the political-administrative relations that shape it. This actor-level approach makes it possible to highlight the interdependence relationships and asymmetries that structure local political relations and to understand the limits of such an undertaking. The thesis is at the crossroads of a sociology of public action "in the making" and a sociology of political and administrative work. It questions what instruments of governance, such as contractual arrangements, and the attempts at political control they contain can teach us about contemporary forms of local government and the territorial embedding of power
Kobelinsky, Carolina. "L'accueil des demandeurs d'asile en France : une ethnographie de l'attente." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0405.
This research deals with the evryday life of asylum seekers in French Reception Centers (CADA) which are funded by the state and managed by different NGOs. These centers constitute a particular form of public hospitality, creating an ambiguous and liminal space for asylum seekers. Politics and policies of asylum oscillate between assistance and control, compassion and suspicion, respect of international conventions on asylum and exclusion of aliens. On the grounds of an ethnographic study, this thesis explores asylum seekers" institutional treatment by examining the norms and rules of the CADA as well as the experiences and practices of different agents. Ordinary life of asylum seekers in CADA is characterized by an expansion of time and a contraction of space. Furthermore, my aim is to study the wiating time imposed to asylum seekers, the politics that create it and its meaning. I argue that waiting can be understood both as a form of government and as a daily experience that deploys in a multiplicity of activities to pass time
Duvoux, Nicolas. "L'injonction à l'autonomie : l'expérience vécue des politiques d'insertion." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0057.
This thesis focuses on the major changes that have affected French insertion policies over the last 30 years, i. E. Requirement and decentralization, and explains how RMI recipients have been confronted with an "injunction to autonomy". Then it attempts to understand the various relations of RMI recipients with autonomy as a norm conveyed by the insertion contract, by means of analysis of a set of 70 interviews realized with recipients having signed insertion contracts in three departments of the Paris region. Three loose ideal-types are drawn out from the corpus of interviews : first, internalized autonomy characterizes as adherence to autonomy; frustrated autonomy refers both to realization that conforming to autonomy as a norm is difficult, and to distancing oneself from it; finally refusal of dependency characterizes as contestation of autonomy as an institutional norm, and as reversals of stigmata
Abdelnour, Sarah. "L'auto-entrepreneur aux marges du salariat : de la genèse aux usages d'un régime dérogatoire de travail indépendant." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0083.
The thesis focuses on the French autoentrepreneur regime that results in a taxation and social security exemption system for the self-employed workers. It came into force in 2009 as a public program wich institutionalises the plurality of incomes while offering to scale-up access to business creation. Based on a multi-sited public action ethnography, at the crossroads between political sociology and labour sociology, the inquiry study apprehends the device starting from its inception down to its re-appropriation via its dissemination through implementing agents and communication campaigns. The archives and the interviews allow to seize the progression of the autoentrepreneur political device up to the diverse stages of negociation. The field survey among the users and the political actors enables a subtle approach of both their tracks and the way they justify their commitment. The inquiry shows how the autoentrepreneur apparatus - wich was initiated by a neoliberal Junior Minister - has been able to overcome the political game (first by narrowing the sphere of public consultation, second by presenting it a social policy tool) and has managed to stir up one million registrations within three years (with job insecurity explaining this "success"). The autoentrepreneur regime turns out to function as a mechanism that enables both an adjustment of precariousness and an overlapping in income, therefore reinforcing the labour market dualization. As such, the organization of cumulative payments and the injunction to autonomy combined with the invisibilization of domination relations, participate to the dismantling of the wage-earners model both materially and symbolically
Hajjat, Abdellali. "Assimilation et naturalisation : socio-histoire d'une injonction d'Etat." Paris, EHESS, 2009. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.cairn.info/les-frontieres-de-l-identite-nationale--9782707169365.htm.
This thesis investigates the injunction to assimilate in the procedure for acquiring French citizenship between 1927 and 2007. Firstly, l analyze the reasons and the circumstances surrounding which naturalization applicants were first required to be 'assimilated' in order to become French citizens. A socio-historical approach will demonstrate how “assimilation” came to be at once a religious, political and scientific concept and how its various uses and meanings were determined by its circulation in different discursive fields and between the French metropolis and its colonies. The inception of the assimilation requirement in French citizenship law is analyzed with reference to specific social and political configurations in both colonial and metropolitan situations. Secondly, I examine how the administrative bureau responsible for processing naturalization applications gauges candidates' level of “assimilation”. Socio-historical and ethnographic research conducted in local bureaucracy brings into sharp relief the invention and administrative uses of “assimilation” criteria, which are largely determined by historical circumstances, competing administrative approaches, the practices of street-Ievel bureaucrats and the “naturalisability” of the candidates in question. The objective reality of naturalization comes to the fore in cases where candidates have been denied naturalization for failure to 'assimilate' which mainly concern women and/or Muslims. The study of administrative litigation related to the failure to assimilate (défaut d'assimilation) raises issues such as the headscarf, polygamy and Islamic fundamentalism within the naturalization procedure
Barthe, Yannick. "La mise en politique des déchets nucléaires : l'action publique aux prises avec les irréversibilités techniques." ENSMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP1002.
Lemettre, Sonia. "Gouverner le fret ferroviaire en France et en Allemagne (1990-2010) : processus de diffusion d'énoncés réformateurs à l'ère du développement durable." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961252.
Trabut, Loïc. "Nouveaux salariés, nouveaux modèles : le maintien à domicile des personnes âgées dépendantes." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0108.
The first part of this thesis shows that this modality of organization, in order to face up to the constraints, especially temporal ones, inherent in the care-taking of elderly persons, develops strategies of rationalization of time schedules (increased surveillance of the time spent for each activity) and job contracts (yearly calculation of working time). Hence, despite of the increased professionalism of the elderly care workers, the intermediary mode has not led to an improvement of the work conditions of the care workers. In parallel to the development of the intermediary mode, hybrid models of supply of home care, connecting the domestic model and the medical, social and industrial mode I, supported by a multitude of actors, nursing services at home, the tear that evaluates the "dependent elderly allocation" etc. -have emerged. The second part of the thesis shows that the direct employment of a home care worker, mostly a cIeaning lady, is a the origin of these mixed modes of organization. However, the latter have a varying form, just as the role of the care worker at home : the more or less important presence of the sanitary and social part depends on the degree of implication of potential helpers from the family, the level of dependence and the diversity of needs that are to satisfy to ensure the sustainability of home care. In these flexible modes of organization we show the emergence of putting in place an informal custodianship
Ndiaye, Malick. "L'exemplarité comme management public : le Plan administration exemplaire." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1277.
Anchored in a constructivist attitude, a theoretical foundation of public management and public organizations, this exploratory thesis in management sciences mobilizes the fields of bureaucracy and post-bureaucracy in order to decipher French public policy of exemplarity in sustainable development and to analyze its effects on public organization and public management. The desire to observe exemplary rhetoric and to understand what it can mean for a public organization leads us to question its content: "What is exemplarity for a public organization - networked": Is it a Weber bureaucracy? Is this new public management? Is it an organizational transformation that tends towards an emerging public organization? We will see that, in reality, exemplarity leads to public organizations that do not always fit into a particular paradigm. They exist in the form of "hybrid" systems whose characteristics of the different bureaucratic, post-bureaucratic paradigms overlap and describe a mix between organizational knowledge and fragmented governance that is neither that of Weberian centralization, nor that offocusing on "managerial voluntarism", at the centre of the logic of the post-bureaucratic organizational model" (De Rozario, Pesqueux, 2018)
Mantovan, Giacomo. "Combattants et victimes en temps de guerre et d'exil : violence, mémoire et subjectivité dans les récits de vie de Tamouls sri lankais en France." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0108.
This thesis focuses on the memories and life stories of Sri Lankan Tamils who arrived in France aller the year 2000. It is based on an ethnographie investigation of the life accounts of thèse exiles, many of whom have fought in the secessionist organisation Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), as well as of asylum policies in France. This work seeks to shed light on the emergence and construction of specifie political subjects, in particular the "fighter" and the "victim", across différent contexts. It seeks to define the rôle played by institutions, social injunctions and socio-cultural values in relation to the fashioning of subjectivity. An attempt is made to understand the way in which the interpretation of the past and the meaning assigned to it contribute to define the exiles' identity. As violence is a recurrent element in the life stories examined, the thesis analyses the way in which narrative accounts of the past deal with social uses of violence in different contexts (LTTE, host institutions, etc. ). The thesis further highlights the tact that war is not just a moment of social disintegration, but that it entails a reconfiguration of the existing social, political and cultural order. Wilhin a historical context that was rapidly changing (war and exile), new collective and individual identifies emerged. Finally, the work emphasises the fact that telling our own story reveals our place in the world : it means negotiating our relation with others and the society in wich we live. It is possible, therefore, to examine the way in wich the exiles face their suffering and rebuild their lives
Ollion, Étienne. "Les sectes mises en causes : sociologie politique de la « lutte contre les sectes » en France (1970-2010)." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0001.
This research, a socio-historical investigation of the French "War on Cults", examines how cults became a major public and political issue in France, as well as a focal point of international controversy. Drawing upon extensive, multi-method fieldwork (interviews, ethnography, archives and statistics), this research revisits the classical views on the topic - namely that the intensity of the anti-cult movement in France is primarily a consequence of its national religious culture. The sociology of the State, the sociology of collective action and the study of international relations pave the way for a nuanced approch on this topic. The analysis emphasizes the structuring power of public authorities on this cause. It demonstrates the material and the symbolic support lent by the State to the movement in France. Anatomizing the controversies that emerged about the French policy, it establishes the role of transnational mobilization in the internationalization of the controversy. A contribution to the social history of post 1968 France, this dissertation takes part in contemporary debates relative to the role of public policies in the structuring of private causes, the recourse to the international arbitrage for adjudicating local conflicts, as well as some recent trends in collective action
Donzelot, Jules. "Les politiques publiques d’équité d’accès à l’enseignement supérieur en France et en Angleterre : une étude comparative." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0089.
This thesis aims to analyse widening participation to higher education policies in France and in England through the study of their genesis, their theoretical principles, the models of action mobilised and their implementation. The comparative approach seeks to highlight the conceptions of equality of opportunities and equity underlying these policies, and their implications in terms of programs and objectives. It follows from the above that France and England have two different ways of defining the main causes of inequity of access to higher education, and the solutions to treat this problem. French widening participation policies select talented pupils from deprived neighbourhoods and facilitate their access to the most selective courses of study through an improvement of their academic performance and their cultural level. In England, we found a much larger vision in the attempt to raise the aspirations of all the pupils facing a social, ethnic or geographical disadvantage. This thesis thus shows how the “preparatory model” imposed itself in France with the Cordées de la réussite, and is very different from the “aspirational model” wich characterizes, in England, the program Aimhigher
Scapin, Thomas. "La circulation transnationale de l'éthique publique : socio-histoire d'un répertoire océdéen du bon gouvernement et de ses réceptions au Québec et en France (années 1990-années 2010)." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2094.
The starting point of this PhD research is the growing interest in the ethics of public servants since the 1990s and the widespread recognition of the work done by the Organization for economic co-operation and development on that matter. Based on archives, interviews and participatory observation, this research analyzes the circulation of the OECD’s repertoire regarding public administration ethics. The latter refers to what good conduct of public servants means and how it should be managed according to the Organization which promotes various frameworks, standards, and instruments in this regard. The dissertation falls into three parts regarding the genesis of the OECD’s repertoire, the boundaries of the transnational circulation of knowledge fuelling this repertoire, and its reception in Québec and France. The first part studies the development of activities dedicated to public service ethics in the OECD since the 1990s. It shows that taking into account the ethical issue curbs the rise in New Public Management reforms. The second part highlights the language, national, disciplinary, cultural, geostrategic, geographical and professional barriers that hinder transnational scientific exchanges in the field of public ethics. The third part emphasizes the limited convergence between ethics policies in Québec and France since they depend mainly on the national context in which they are formulated. The study of public ethics’ circulations finally outlines the hybridization of good government in OECD countries in the 21ft century
Dannon, William. "Politiques publiques ; esquisse d’une analyse des mécanismes des choix publics face à la globalisation : enjeux politiques et sociaux des relations entre l’État et le groupe ArcelorMittal dans le bassin sidérurgique lorrain de 2012 à 2017." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0234.
This thesis focuses on the closure of the last two blast furnaces of Lorraine by ArcelorMittal company. For that purpose, it examines the workers' struggle of Florange and endeavors to understand the inability of the candidate François Hollande, who became President of France on may 6th 2012, to keep the election promise he made to the steel workers of ArcelorMittal during the campaign for the presidential election of 2012. Within this framawork, we develop an epistemological model that combines the cognitive analysis approach of public policies with an neo-institutionalism perspective. The interest of a such method is to try to overcome the opposition inherent to these two approaches by proposing an articulation between policies and politics. It’s therefore a question of understanding how the actors involved in this conflict analyze, interpret and give meaning to their action, without neglecting the importance of political and institutional factors that structured the decision-making process. The first result of this thesis reveals that the emergence of the social problem is consubstantial with the formation of the social actors collective’s identity. The second result is that the public choices made by the government in this affair, reflect the specific conception of French President François Hollande and his Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault regarding the role of the State on the public policies scenes. More fundamentally, the public choices made by the government fit very clearly into the neo-liberal policy defended by the European Union, and routinized for decades as practice and ‘’way of doing things’’ in all its committees. Consequently, the policies of the Members State at national level, are affected by the constraints of « path dependence » of the European Union
Ott, Thomas. "Les ingouvernables : la faillite du gouvernement des roms en bidonvilles : Lyon, 2005-2012." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20008.
This work deals with slums management local policies in Lyon between 2005 and 2012. I tried to interrogate what is leading to think roma’s slums situation as a specific and unmanageable situation. This specificity lead constantly to question roma people rather than the management’s policies of the situation. It produce roma people as not governed people or, as i said, « the ungovernables ». The problem is not obvioulsy roma’s problem, but a problem concerning the operation of social life and our own relation with these situations. Speaking about « occupation » when a settlement is occuring in the city’s cracks, I asked what is « occupying » us so much when roma occupy a plot of our city. I wanted to show with wich repetition and insistance we are binding on this strange and foreign presence. I tried to show how much it is necessary for the observers and actors of the situation to indentify, to distinguish and to establish what is going on and what is going over the expectations of conformation, wich are defining the contemporary governmentality. That is what i tried to document it as moments of « governmentality’s failure of roma’s slums».The purpose of this work is what it is « ungovernable » in any kind of situation. What resists to the governement of squats and slums situations is not a population in particular, but the impossibility to consider one with assertivness and effectivness. The problem is not to know how roma people are doing to be unidentified at this point but what is leading to be necessary for the governement of the situation to establish what it is needed to intervene on. In other words, the question is the relation between the practice of governement and the production’s process of subjectivity, as well as objectivity : in wich way the practice of power produce an acting subject and how necessarily transparent and appropriate-to-recognition subjects and objects, when they disappear of the field of « visibility » to get « off the limelight » the field of the « indinstinguishables », are calling the practice of governement in question ?One of the central notions in this work is the notion of resistance : first of all, what resists is the possibility of objectivize these situations, wich is appearing in the tricky perception of the space or the body’s conditions in slums, or the difficulty of population census and precarious housing mapping in the whole city, in all cases the possibility to generalize and to understand globaly what happens ; then, what resists is situated in the management of a « crisis situation » as a slum, it is the « crisis » itself wich is instituion’s one who is imperfectly able to govern things, and in the same time the crisis of its ambition to state and order body’s and time’s of whom overflows the established framework ; finally, what resists lean on apparatus more than is opposed to, with some ways of operating recovering or keeping a « room for maneuver », situated in the edge of the domestic subjectivity where the contemporary governmentality try, with more or less succes, to invest
Nogueira, Junior Dario de Azevedo. "L'interférence des mouvements sociaux dans l'ordre du jour des médiasLe cas du Mouvement des sans-terre au Brésil entre avril 1996 et avril 1997." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020005.
Dessales, Thomas. "Le règlement amiable des accidents médicaux depuis 2002 : un système en recherche de nouveaux équilibres." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2021. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/DDOC_T_2021_0353_DESSALES.pdf.
The law of March 4th, 2002 relative to the rights of the sick and to the quality of the health system said law Kouchner has in a new way in France set up a state system of amicable settlement and compensation of the victims of medical accidents. In maintaining 15 years of existence it is interesting to make a current situation on these procedures to observe if the fixed objectives were filled. It will also be a question of comparing this system in term of access, procedure and efficiency with what exists at our European partner's
Mpika, Claude. "Les médias privés et la problématique de la liberté de l’information et de la communication dans le processus de démocratisation en Afrique subsaharienne francophone de 1990 à 2016 : le cas du Congo-Brazzaville." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0101.
The end of the twentieth century will undoubtedly remain forever engraved in the collective memory or in history as an essential moment of political upheaval marked by the progress of democratic ideology. Like most countries of French-speaking sub-Saharan Africa, the Republic of Congo is committed at the end of the National Conference of 1991 in a process of political democratization which seems to drag on until our days, involving the whole or partial liberalization of the media landscape, thus placing the new private written press at the heart of the democratization of society. It was time to sound the death knell for the monopoly of the public media and to allow the emergence and enlargement of a new public space where pluralism of opinion and freedom of expression. The flourishing of newspapers having led to an abusive use of the freedom of your found , the “dividing line” between the press and the political world remains blurred in a country which is going to face a series of socio-political conflicts pushing the new Congolese private print press to be divided into two main camps, that is to say the pro-power press and the pro-opposition press. By relying on qualitative and quantitative methods, our objective through this thesis is to study how the biweekly Catholic La Semaine Africaine has treated the subjects that have marked the news Congolese politics between 1990 and 2016 by trying to identify its attitudes and its positions vis-à-vis different socio-political events allows us to understand that, thanks to its freedom of tone, the Catholic newspaper approaches without complacency and in all impartiality all the national political current affairs, even those who are considered sensitive to the government in power. Space of expression of all Congolese political sensitivities, without distinction, La Semaine Africaine played an important role in the process of democratization of the country between 1990 and 2016, by fighting for the consolidation of democracy and by getting fully involved in the opening of spaces for debate and in the formation of public opinion in favor of democratic governance
Bréchat, Pierre-Henri. "Territoires et égalité d'accès aux soins et à la santé." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020054/document.
The recomposition of public health policies has, for some years now, recentred around a notion of « relevant territory ». Experiments conducted since 1991 in the field of health and social planning have led public authorities to suggest a range of « health territories ». This notion allows identification of the perimeters within which the state attempts to knit together care and health offers in line with the needs of the population as well as with national or regional priorities. Beyond the fact of inequalities between territories, certain issues relating to access to care and health seem destined to get in the way. The French law of 2009 on reforming hospitals and concerning patients, health care and territories, sets out new models, in accordance with a redefinition of public service missions, which demand reflection on these inequalities as well as on those inequalities derived therefrom. There is a layering of places and forms of inequality which invites a rethink of the discursive variations between the maintenance of public service and the development of services for every section of the public. Proposals are made to improve equality of access to care and health for everyone, everywhere, so that principles of solidarity and fraternity no longer be called into question. This set of proposals could allow a return to a public service, effectively addressing such 21st century challenges as the reduction of inequalities. With the patient rights issue at its heart, this work on public health territory guarantees equality of access to care and health, illustrating the territorialisation of health policy. This means, of course, that the territorialisation dynamic concerns all public policy
Zibanejad-Belin, Mitra. "Réussir sa première année à l'université : les enjeux de la transition entre secondaire et supérieur." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0204.
There are many reasons for the high dropout rate in the first academic year. The phenomenon of freshman "evaporating" is studied in many countries as a crucial moment in the transition from secondary to higher education. It is not always easy for a high school student to become master of his destiny in a very short time after secondary and just before starting his studies at university. Student must quickly assume new “adult responsibilities "and lives without parental or teacher supervision. Study at university requires the learner to put into action a certain number of skills most of which are not mastered at the end of high school. These are not only cognitive-informational skills. Our point of interest is turned towards the macrosociological and microsociological elements in the relationship that these students established with the act of learning. We were looking for knowing: Why do students decide to drop up or to persevere and continue their studies despite the difficulties? What is the role of the study environment in this transition? How the conception of learning and the image of university could have an impact on this transition?To answer we used a qualitative approach based on comprehensive interviews. We interviewed the freshmen in six field of study at four universities in the Paris region. We were looking for students who had problems. They told us about their difficulties in this year of higher education and the reasons for their dissatisfaction.Through their point of view, their conceptions of learning, their perspective and their image of higher education, we have been able to highlight some of the causes that can explain dropping out or staying in the first academic year. Four types of difficulties are distinguished: cognitive, metacognitive, integration and motivational. A more advanced analysis of our data revealed that these difficulties do not have the same impact on the student's transition.Some elements have also appeared through the analyses, such as the importance of the microsocialisation within small groups of students, especially between the friends. We have found that micro-integrations can make up the absence of macro-integrations and sometimes they’re even more important. Our analyses have shown that some factors of social integration can modify the influence of the predictive factors of drop out.We also apprehended certain factors capable of reinforcing or impoverish the student's sense of learning and his/her perseverance
Noesser, Cécile. "La résistible ascension du cinéma d’animation : Socio-genèse d’un cinéma-bis (1950-2010)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030043.
Our thesis describes the aesthetic, economic and social path of the french animation movies.This socio-genesis focuses on the moment when it becomes an artistic field, reaching at theend a late recognition, which is still poorly informed. The first part makes the archeology ofits evolution, from the first independence conquest after war, to the setting out of a publicpolicy, which makes a heavy change on the animation landscape at the early 1980’s. In this context of impeded empowerment of the animation field, we will examine then the respective roles of the National Cinematography Center, the producers and the television channels, andthe new rules they introduce. We will finally highlight the impact of these operators, who judge and produce cinematographic quality, on the destiny of the artists ant their movies
Berthaud, Julien. "L’intégration sociale étudiante : relations et effets au sein des parcours de réussite en Licence." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCH021/document.
Since 1970’s and 1980’s, educational research reveals the importance of interactional process in the explanation of student careers, especially with Tinto’s work (1975), by demonstrating the significant influence of social integration on student persistence in university. However, the effects on students’ academic success are rarely explored. Moreover, there is no consensus on the conceptualization of this explanatory factor since it shows different dimensions of social integration. From data collected from 1365 students enrolled in 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade of common “Licence”, this research proposes firstly to improve measurement of student social integration as a multidimensional concept. Then the sources and conditions of social integration are examined through the influence of contextual, institutional and individual factors. In this context, the transversal skills are considered as an illustration of student social abilities, among others. Statistical analyses show that students have different needs for social integration, depending on their age, gender and reasons for study. First, the academic context defines the opportunities offered to students for social integration. Moreover, it appears that some skills related to emotional management and collaboration turn into resources that promote social integration. Results lead to identify four different profiles of student social integration in “Licence” course. Lastly, questions arise about the role of social integration and transversal skills in student careers and factors of student achievement. Our results reveal that student social integration has a raw and positive effect on the probability of success and performances, through academic interactions and feeling of integrating. When the classical factors of student achievement are taking into account, the influence of social integration appears to be weak or lost. Only the feeling of integrating reduces the risk of student drop-outs. On the other hand, the transversal skills including the taste for work and the self-confidence prove to be powerful predictors of students' success and performances. While student social integration doesn’t seem to be a key factor with mediating effects on academic achievement, it appears to be another feature of student success profiles. Moreover, student social integration produces indirect effect on performances through academic commitment
Fraisse, Laurent. "Un parcours de recherche au coeur de la construction de l’économie sociale et solidaire : innovation, institutionnalisation et comparaison." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1265.
This PhD in sociology through looks back onto a twenty-year professional research career. The first part describes my research journey, from three different angles : biographical, methodological, bibliographical. The second part of the thesis gives an overview of my research work (articles, chapters, studies) put into perspective with regard to the state of current knowledge. The first topic concerns the socio-political dimension of solidarity economy through an in-depth discussion of several concepts (local initiatives, local public spheres, the network organization of non-profit sector, conceptions of social change). In addition, social and solidarity economy as a specific object within public policies is studied at local and European levels. The second topic explores the transformations of the role of non-profit organizations in society. The current changes of contractualization and financing methods between associations and governments (public procurement and subsidies) have been the subject of qualitative and quantitative studies. The conceptual ambivalences of the notions of social utility and social innovation are highlighted. Historically claimed by non-profit representatives to emphasize the specificities of their economic activities, social utility has gradually become a criterion for extending the scope of social and solidarity economy in France. The last topic concerns early-years childcare and elderly care policies. The transition from home care for dependent elderly person to personal services is analyzed as a tangle of regulations that makes it problematic to build a quasi-market and questions the place and strategies of non-profit organizations as historical actors in the sector. The comparison, on a European scale, of local childcare systems provides additional insight into the typologies of care systems elaborated at a national level
Nollet, Jérémie. "Des décisions publiques « médiatiques » ? : sociologie de l’emprise du journalisme sur les politiques de sécurité sanitaire des aliments." Thesis, Lille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL20013/document.
Are public policies made by the media? This would-be influence of journalists over public decisions is common place among “decision-makers”. It is also assumed by Agenda-setting as well as social problems theorists. Yet, the real nature of the phenomenon is more complex: it follows different paths along several directions. It rests on the active and variable engagement of the politicians and high civil servants who produce decisions. Thus, the question needs to be rephrased: to what extent does the production of public decisions depend on the journalistic field? In order to elucidate this question, this doctoral thesis offers a sociological analysis of the specific logics which lead decision-makers (i.e. ministers’ personal staff, and representatives aswell as high civil servants,) to pay attention to media coverage in decision-making processes. The elaboration of this theoretical framework, at the crossroads of the sociologies of journalism and public action, is based on ananalysis of the handling of the mad cow disease by French officials during the 1990s. The ambition is to account for the very attention the holders of the executive power (namely, the Ministers of Agriculture, Consumption,Health, but also the Prime Minister and the President), the members of Parliament and high civil servants paid to media-related challenges within the practice of decision-making. Thus, it appears that the most “media dependent”decisions are the result of the handling of the most symbolic issues according to the logics of action of the most dependent agents on legitimization stakes in the journalistic field: the principal ministers and their advisers
Gavalda, Elisabeth. "Les Cahiers de Prospero (1991-2002). Une revue d’auteurs de théâtre." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA119.
The history of the periodical Les Cahiers de Prospero is closely related to La Chartreuse of Villeneuve lez Avignon and to the birth, in 1991, of both the Centre National des Écritures du Spectacle (The National Playwriting Centre) and a former periodical named Prospero.This research describes and analyzes the conditions and the various contexts and issues (political, patrimonial, cultural and editorial) underlying the birth of Les Cahiers de Prospero, the two main steps being the rehabilitation of the monument into a cultural center with a European aim and the Compte rendu d’Avignon (Avignon’s Report), a wide study directed by Michel Vinaver within the Centre National des Lettres. The research will focus on the transformation of a specialised and institutionalised periodical (1991-1992), into a periodical conceived only by theater writers (1994-1996) then into a « carte blanche » given to a single author-designer for each publication (1999-2002).A modification of the editorial line allows the authors to find a space of communication and confrontation, centered around theater-writing issues. Michel Azama, editor-in-chief of the magazine, in agreement with the direction of the Chartreuse, gathers a commitee of authors: Eugène Durif, Roland Fichet, Didier-Georges Gabily, Philippe Minyana, Jean-Marie Piemme and Noëlle Renaude to realize Les Cahiers de Propero. More than a literary object, Les Cahiers de Propero offer a portrait of the theater writer at the dawn of the XXIst century. The richness of its contents and the collaboration of a guest painter author per issue turns it into a unique object