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Journal articles on the topic 'Operations of discourses'
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1
da Silva Medeiros, Flavia Natércia. "Convergent discourses: neoliberalism, technoscience and journalism." Journal of Science Communication 05, no. 01 (March 21, 2006): C04. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.05010304.
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Before constructing a translation of scientific discourse in lay terms – and with this, calling forth the ghost of the public’s ignorance about science and technology – the operation which makes up the main task of specialized journalism in the coverage of related topics consists in the construction of a discourse of its own. However, this discourse frequently only amplifies and legitimates socially that which scientific laboratories and high tech companies offer as new, without critical opinions or contextualization. In addition to this, it is also generally characterized by linguistic operations which suppress uncertainties, doubts and considerations, thus contributing to the strengthening of the authority of specialists and of the distance which has been established – “by force” – between science and society.
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Kurkan, Nataliya V. "A model of the operations manual speech genre in engineering communication." International Journal “Speech Genres” 29, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/2311-0740-2021-1-29-49-56.
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The article addresses basic genre parameters of the operations manual and aims to develop its genre model within engineering discourse. Engineering communication is becoming a subject of a special focus for linguists due to its rapid development driven by dynamic changes in technology, society and industry, which results in continuous exchange of information between the members of the engineering society. Despite the significant number of studies in the field of certain institutional discourses, the genre structure of engineering discourse, one of the promising fields of communicative linguistics, is still a research challenge due to insufficient studies of the engineering discourse as well as the professional communication in general. Since discourse is embodied in certain genres, and genres, in turn, are always included into a certain discourse field, the author proposes the idea that the engineering discourse provides a number of core genres which reflect the values, strategies and information of engineering communication. The research is based on the texts of operations manuals for the equipment produced by Russian manufacturers. The analysis of genre parameters and lexical aspects has revealed a number of key characteristics of the operations manual as well as its peculiar linguistic presentation as of a specific genre of engineering communication. The analysis proves that the operation manual genre meets the primary goal of professional communication in the engineering field. The peculiar characteristics of the studied genre are determined by the professional communicative purposes and the situation. The results of the research may be used in university lectures on professional communication, cognitive linguistics and cognitive terminology studies.
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Lutsenko, Iryna. "Psychological Features of Verbal Communication of Employees of Preschool Education With Children From The Families of Participants of Anti-Terroristic Operations And Internally Transferred Persons." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 24, no. 1 (October 3, 2018): 207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2018-24-1-207-226.
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The article is devoted to the problem of verbal communication of educators with children of preschool age from the families of participants of anti-terroristic operations (ATO) and internally displaced people. The results of theoretical analysis of the problem of studying discourse as a psycholinguistic category are presented which, in the context of vocational-speaking activity, is considered as its verbalized, foreign-language phase. The interest of psycholinguistics in the study of the peculiarities of the discourse of the educational branch – pedagogical discourse is grounded since the latter is aimed at the realization of a wide range of functions (educational, communicative organizational, psychological (psychotherapeutic)), the basis of which is the implementation of the speech-impacting teacher by the addressee on their addressees (pupils). At the same time, discourse is highlighted as a dialogical process and reveals the two-sided nature of the influence of communicators on each other. Consideration of the teacher as the subject of the speech of the individual characteristics of the child-recipient, his mental condition is considered as a prerequisite for ensuring the intentional orientation of discourse. The emphasis is placed on the implementation of psychological (psychotherapeutic) functions by educators of preschool education, which is confirmed by the needs of the practice of education and development, verbal communication with children from the families of the participants of the ATO and the internally transferred people. The types of discourses aimed at providing emotional support to children of these categories in the form of discourses-positive partial assessments are defined and characterized, namely: discourse-agreement, discourse-encouragement, discourse-approval, discourse-forward-looking positive assessment, as well as various kinds of discourse-questions. It is concluded that various discourses, in the course of which the speech influence on the child is carried out, its psychic state, feeling and behavior can be regarded as specialized discourse practice - a psycholinguistic phenomenon, the basis of which is the speech activity of its participants: educators of preschool education and children of preschool age.
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Kuo, Steven C. Y. "Chinese Peace? An Emergent Norm in African Peace Operations." China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 01, no. 01 (April 2015): 155–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2377740015500086.
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The steady rise in Chinese participation in peace operations in Africa is a significant development in the post-Cold War collective security architecture. An aspect of China's rise and its challenge to the liberal global order is its contribution to post-conflict peacekeeping, peacebuilding, and peace-making in Africa, areas that have been dominated by the West. The purpose of this article is to bring together literatures that do not usually speak to one another: Chinese discourses on peacebuilding and the debate on the liberal peace in Africa. The subject of this article is the emerging "Chinese peace" discourse. By examining the "Chinese peace" — both its normative content and its on-the-ground participation in a comprehensive liberal peace project — as a part of the United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) — this article begins to highlight differences, identify tensions, and recognize complementarities between the dominant liberal and the emergent Chinese approach to peacebuilding.
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Lindsay, Samuel, and Antonia C. Lyons. "“Pour It Up, Drink It Up, Live It Up, Give It Up”." Men and Masculinities 21, no. 5 (March 13, 2017): 624–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097184x17696189.
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Music videos are popular, frequently aimed at young adult audiences, and easily accessible through online platforms. They often portray specific versions of masculinities and femininities and are increasingly linked to the alcohol industry. This research explored how masculinity, femininity, and alcohol consumption are constructed within four mainstream popular music videos. Critical multimodal discourse analysis was employed to systematically examine dominant meanings across various modes of the videos (lyrics, sound, video, and editing). Two major discourses were identified, namely, extreme consumption and freedom, and together these created “playboy” and “woman-as-object” subject positions. These positions are discussed with reference to hegemonic masculinity, postfeminist culture, and capitalist consumerism and considered in terms of the complex ways in which influential postfeminist and hegemonic discourses obscure the operations of power.
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Kompantseva, Larysa. "The Phenomenon of Psychological Operations as a Concept and Discourse (Based on Security Linguistic Cultures of the NATO and the Russian Federation)." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 27, no. 2 (April 12, 2020): 174–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2020-27-2-174-194.
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Objective. The purpose of this paper is to present an argument for the status of the phenomenon of psychological operations as a concept and discourse.
Materials and Methods. To achieve the most plausible results, the following integrated methods have been used: semantic and cognitive analysis – to study deep semantic connotations, which are fundamentally different in the linguistic cultures of the NATO and the Russian Federation; concept analysis – to study the regulatory role of the concept PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS in interstate relations;discourse analysis – to study the consistently situational institutional discourse of psychological operations as a tool for constructing social reality.
Results. The discourse of NATO Doctrines has a practical dimension: it focus on developing a positive Alliance image, focusing attention on the diversity of target audiences, building confidence, and supporting military commanders’ actions in relation to foreign people. The discourse of the Russian Federation is destructively oriented: the strategies of escaping international responsibility, ignoring diplomatic relations, causing damage comparable to effects of hostilities are exposed as essential. The hidden meanings of the concept PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS have been identified, namely: such semantic components as “promoting strategic goals to restore and reinforce legitimacy, to alleviate suffering, to maintain and restore public order” are employed in NATO doctrines, whereas the sources of the Russian Federation contain “attack under false colours for the purpose of destabilization and disorientation”. Lacunarity is caused by the moral and ethnic perception of the concept PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS in the linguistic cultures under study.
Conclusions. The discourse of psychological operations is a system; the directions of its deployment in the studied linguistic cultures are fundamentally incongruent. Representation of the concept PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS in security discourses demonstrates invariant images of the world, correlated with national mind-sets.
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Kiklewicz, Aleksander, and Helena Pociechina. "Language creativity of the protest discourses in Belarus after the 2020 presidential election." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 12, no. 1 (September 24, 2021): 269–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.6476.
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The subject of the article is the use of language and linguistic aspects of social behavior within the protest discourses that took place after the results of the presidential elections in Belarus were falsified in August 2020. The author considers the concept of protest discourse, referring to scientific literature and comparing its interpretation by various researchers. The analysis of around 500 posters, chosen from the corpus of a first month of Belarusian numerous and various protesting activities, is focused on both rhetoric and language means of protesting communicative actions, namely on lexical nomination and code switching, wordplay and structural modifications, neologisms, paronomasia, irony, graphic operations and others, which, in the format of peaceful demonstrations (on behand of the demonstrators) actualizes the features of carnivalization and the acratic type of discourse.
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Jantunen, Saara, and Aki-Mauri Huhtinen. "The Hidden Grand Narrative of Western Military Policy: A Linguistic Analysis of American Strategic Communication." Journal of Military Studies 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2011): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jms-2016-0177.
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Abstract Strategic communication has replaced information warfare. As Art of War has been replaced by science, the representations of war and the role of the military have changed. Both war and military forces are now associated with binary roles: destruction vs. humanity, killing vs. liberating. The logic behind ‘bombing for peace’ is encoded in the Grand Military Narrative. This narrative is hidden in American (and NATO) strategies such as Effects Based Operations, which rely heavily on technology. As people aim to rationalize the world with technology, they fail to take into account the uncertainty it brings. In warfare, that uncertainty is verbalized as “friendly fire”, “collateral damage” or simply as “accident”. Success and failure are up to technology. Technology is no longer a tool, but an ideology and an actor that not only ‘enables’ the military to take action, but legitimizes it. This article aims to contribute to military studies by analyzing, in the spirit of critical discourse analysis, American ‘Grand Military Narrative’ and he standard and trends of rhetoric it creates. The article focuses on pinpointing some of the linguistic choices and discourses that define the so-called ‘techno-speak’, the product of modern techno-ideology. These discourses result in representations of techno-centered binary values, which steer military strategy and foreign policy.
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Bentes, José Anchieta de Oliveira, Rita de Nazareth Souza Bentes, Helen do Socorro Rodrigues Dias, and Josane Daniela Freitas Pinto. "Dialogical positions in a Whatsapp group regarding the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of Covid-19." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 11 (August 31, 2021): e263101119608. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i11.19608.
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The objective of this article is to analyze the established discourses in conversations among members of WhatsApp group “Academia Saudável” (Healthy Academy), having as central issue the controversy of the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine medicines in the treatment of Covid-19. For the analysis, the concepts of concrete utterance, responsible act, alien and authorial discourse, field of communication and discourse genres of Bakhtin's Dialogical Theory of Language and the Circle were summoned. The results demonstrate that each individual of the group has a prominent role in guaranteeing the conversation theme through his/her discursive positionings favorable or not to the use of these drugs in the fight against the new coronavirus.
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Widjojo, Muridan. "Nationalist and Separatist discourses in cyclical violence in Papua." Asian Journal of Social Science 34, no. 3 (2006): 410–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853106778048650.
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AbstractThis article is an attempt to review the cyclical history of violence in Papua, Indonesia. I analyse the ways in which the Indonesian security forces employ nationalist discourse to justify conduct in Papua that includes obstructing justice and intimidating human rights advocates. The birth of the human rights movement in Papua in the mid 1990s in many ways has challenged this security approach. Human rights advocates not only expose excessive violent behaviour on the part of the military during 'secret' operations, but also question the high military troop levels and the conduct of the national police in Papua. The advent of Reformasi in 1998 revived all over the province the demands for secession that had been dormant during the 1980s and 1990s. This has served the army as a pretext to maintain its strong presence in Papua. My main argument is that both the pro-independence Papuans and the security forces have a vested interest in keeping the secession issue as the dominant discourse on Papua. From the early 1960s to 2003, the security forces have been able to argue that the state is under threat of separatism. In turn, the violence and impunity Papuans endure provides the basis for their ever-growing discourse of independence.
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Papastephanou, Marianna. "Inclusion in Education and in Public Debates on Education." Beijing International Review of Education 1, no. 2-3 (June 29, 2019): 303–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25902539-00102019.
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Inclusion is nowadays a most cherished notion in educational discourses and policies around the globe. Discourses of inclusion appear as the most humane, politically sensitive and praiseworthy heights that political thought and educational practice can reach. At the same time, a kind of inclusion in the public sphere is enacted whenever people freely join debates on matters of general interest, educational or other. For, participation in debates on education and on teacher education is not limited to educational researchers, teacher organizations and all those involved in educational theory and practice. The present article begins with the operations of inclusion in educational theory and discusses some complicities and risks lurking in the unqualified valorization of inclusion that is noticeable in educational discourses and in public debates on education and teachers’ performance. Such valorization operates inter alia at the expense of thoughtful withdrawal and pertinent self-exclusion. In societal debates on education, inclusion as unconditional prerogative of a narcissist I (eye) or as social interpellation to participate legitimizes just everybody’s having investigative relevance to issues of education. The article ends with some suggestions concerning the positioning of inclusion within a broader set of concepts required for a desirable redirection of educational discourses and policies.
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Briant, Emma L. "Pentagon Ju-Jitsu – reshaping the field of propaganda." Critical Sociology 45, no. 3 (March 5, 2018): 361–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920517750741.
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This article presents qualitative research examining adaptation to global asymmetric threats and a modern media environment of US Government propaganda systems by planners following 9-11, which proceeded largely unhindered by public debate. It draws on interviews with US elite sources including foreign policy, defense and intelligence personnel and documentary sources to explore how dissent was contained. A ‘merging’ of Psychological Operations and Public Affairs has been identified as a point of concern elsewhere and is argued to have facilitated the extension of US hegemony. It will present an account of the struggles between 2005 and 2009 when planners sought to alter ‘foreign’ and ‘domestic’ audience targeting norms that emerged in an old-media system of sovereign states with more stable populations. It focuses on a key example of transformation: the pressing through of internet policy changes for military Psychological Operations and Public Affairs, against resistance. Policies were brought in to coordinate and overcome discordance in foreign-domestic messaging by Psychological Operations and Information Operations personnel. Viewed as operational necessity for Psychological Operations, these resulted in a ‘terf war’ with Public Affairs who constructed a defense using discourses of legitimacy and credibility with domestic audiences. This article will show how concerns raised by Public Affairs were met by the reduction of their planning role, until a culture change and new orthodoxy emerged. Challenges raised by evolving media demand a reappraisal of propaganda governance and governments must allow greater transparency for public debate, legal judgement and independent academic enquiry to occur.
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Carvalho, Thales Leonardo de. "The “Left Turn” and the Latin American countries’ discourses about the UN Peace Operations around the world." Conjuntura internacional 16, no. 1 (August 9, 2019): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.1809-6182.2019v16n1p2.
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This article argues that the political orientation of the government in office in a country may affect its positioning regarding the United Nations Peace Operations. In order to demonstrate that, in this study I compare what is said by officials of leftist and rightist Latin American countries about peacekeeping in UNSC, since the 1990s.
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Kendra, Milan. "LITERARY REALISM IN THE SHAPING OF SLOVAK CULTURE." Journal of Education Culture and Society 12, no. 2 (September 25, 2021): 455–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs2021.2.455.468.
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Aim. The aim of the study is to clarify the internal complexity of the Slovak literary realist discourse and its diverse relations to the heterogeneous artistic, cultural and ideological discourses of the last third of the 19th century. Attention is focused on the appropriation and adaptation of stimuli from other social systems, as well as on the specific literary operations that modify literary realism as an artistic discourse constructing an intelligible world in a cultural sense. Methods. As a theoretical concept, realism is defined as a type of representation or representation technique associated with a set of textual conventions, complex referential and self-referential figures. As a literary-historical discourse and event situated in a particular moment of history, realism is governed by period-specific principles (operating in the mechanism of culture) of selection, evaluating and connecting the phenomena of reality. Only with this dichotomy the multiplicity of paradoxes, syncretism and heterogeneous character of Slovak literary realism can be captured. The theory of social systems (N. Luhmann) allows for a more complex view of realist literature as an autopoietic system in the context of modern society as a system of communications differentiated into a network of separate social subsystems interrelated by the medium of language. Finally, the theory of fictional worlds proposes selective and formative operations that explicate the construction of realist fictional world and the stratification of its functions (B. Fořt). Results. Among the configurational relations of Slovak literary realism, the concept of ideal realism is highlighted as a model of literary aesthetics that flexibly interacted with the discourse of national revival to provide an adequate expression of contemporary Slovak cultural and national interests. Two literary-aesthetic modifications of ideal realism (creative and voluntarist, originated by Svetozár Hurban Vajanský, and deterministic, represented in the prose works of Martin Kukučín) are analysed in detail in order to show the inner complexity of the literary-realist discourse and to manifest its semantic multidimensionality in the 1880s.
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Francis, Raymond Maxwell, and Vikneswaran Nair. "Tourism and the sustainable development goals in the Abaco cays: pre-hurricane Dorian in the Bahamas." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 12, no. 3 (May 8, 2020): 321–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-02-2020-0007.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how tourism investment, business and operations were aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the Abaco Cays pre-Hurricane Dorian 2019 in The Bahamas. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes an exploratory qualitative approach using the Abaco Cays, The Bahamas as the geographical study area. Semi-structured interviews were conducted face-to-face for data collection and transcribed using NVivo 12 plus. Critical discourse analysis was used to interpret interviewees’ spoken words in the broader social context of the Abaco Cays. Findings Results illustrate the extent of tourism alignment with the SDGs in communities, dependent on tourism for growth. Findings from tourism investment, business and operations data analysis provide insights on tourism and the SDGs from a local perspective. Research limitations/implications This research demonstrates how tourism aligns with the SDGs in one geographical area of The Bahamas. It also highlights discourses influencing tourism and the SDGs towards achieving the 2030 Agenda. Practical implications A practical implication of this paper is adopting a bottom-up approach for a comprehensive understanding of tourism alignment with the SDGs in the Abaco Cays. Originality/value This paper provides implementation guidelines for communities in the Abaco Cays, to align local sustainable tourism plans with the SDGs. It also provides a multidisciplinary approach for greater coherence of tourism with the SDGs from the community to the national level in the Bahamas.
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Paucar-Caceres, A., and A. Espinosa. "Management science methodologies in environmental management and sustainability: discourses and applications." Journal of the Operational Research Society 62, no. 9 (September 2011): 1601–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.2010.110.
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Nijakowski, Lech M. "Collectivist Logic in Comparative Genocide Studies and in the Battles for Memory." Narracje o Zagładzie, no. 6 (November 21, 2020): 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/noz.2020.06.04.
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The article aims to present the mechanisms of collectivist logic as it functions in three areas: (1) in the historical comparative analysis of genocides – the basic method of genocidestudies; (2) in the activities of the organizations of victims and survivors, as well as in actions undertaken by animal rights activists; (3) in nationalist discourses and in the politics of memory. Collectivist logic is a set of operations that address human communities – groups of individuals linked together by significant social bonds and interests, and perceived as culturally distinctive – as the subject of history. As a result of the application of such logic, we may think about collective guilt and collective merit. The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of historical comparative analysis as an essential methodological tool of genocide studies. The argument further focuses upon the use of the symbolic capital attributed to the term “genocide” in studies involving analyses comparing other crimes – as well as the industrial exploitation of animals – to genocides. Finally, the author describes the relationship between the state policy of memory, nationalist discourses, and the academic integrity of genocide scholars.
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Ho, Danny, Yan Xiao, Ayse P. Gurses, Vinay Vaidya, Marcelo G. Cardarelli, Jamie Tumulty, Shari Simone, Dyana Burns-Conway, Peter F. Hu, and Jason Cervenka. "Artifacts Use in Safety Critical Information Transfer: A Preliminary Study of the Information Arena." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, no. 4 (October 2007): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705100441.
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Highly skilled professionals in mission critical work domains communicate complicated, critical information, frequently under time pressure. For example, sustained operations require shift work, which results in hand-offs of responsibilities and need of information transfers. There is a growing interest to support their communications through advanced information technology. We observed usage of information artifacts in a pediatric intensive care unit to study information transfers to guide the design of support technology. In contrast to published studies, we examined the context of supporting environment that contains rich information sources gathered or tailored for verbal discourses. We called the supporting environment “information arena.” Clinicians prepare for their personal information arena as well as the shared information arena (e.g., paper notes, charts, mobile computers). Patterns of artifact uses during discourses revealed several distinct roles of artifacts, as well as constraints on design of such artifacts. For example, artifacts in shared information arena should be easily manageable to support fluid and dynamic conversation flow. We also uncover several potential future roles for information artifacts to support information transfer.
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Jemine, Grégory, Christophe Dubois, and François Pichault. "From a new workplace to a new way of working: legitimizing organizational change." Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal 15, no. 3 (July 26, 2019): 257–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrom-10-2018-1690.
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Purpose Several studies have recently documented projects of organizational transformation and modernization which, commonly clustered under the umbrella term “New Ways of Working” (NWoW), simultaneously entail material, technological, cultural and managerial dimensions. Academic contributions, however, have paid little attention to the mechanisms allowing such projects to progressively become legitimized in organizational discourses and practices. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the distinctive features of the legitimation process underlying the implementation of NWoW projects. Design/methodology/approach This paper relies on a longitudinal, three-year analysis of a large insurance company. Data were collected through qualitative methods including semi-structured interviews (48), periods of observation (3 months) and document analysis (78). Findings The paper develops a grounded and integrative framework of legitimation processes underlying “NWoW” change projects. The framework emphasizes four decisive operations of translation in “NWoW” design and implementation: translating material constraints into strategic opportunities; translating strategic opportunities into a quantitative business plan supported by the top management; translating compelling discourses around “NWoW” into an organizational machinery; and translating a transformation project into discourses of unequivocal success, conveyed by legitimate spokespeople within and beyond the organization. Originality/value Besides contributing to the understanding of a managerial fashion, which has received little academic attention so far, the paper also offers an original integrative framework to account for legitimation processes that combines two theoretical approaches – the sociology of translation and research on institutionalist work.
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Larsen, Peter Bille, and Kristal Buckley. "Approaching Human Rights at the World Heritage Committee: Capturing Situated Conversations, Complexity, and Dynamism in Global Heritage Processes." International Journal of Cultural Property 25, no. 1 (February 2018): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739118000048.
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Abstract:Social scientists are increasingly approaching the World Heritage Committee itself as an entry-point to understanding global heritage processes and phenomena. This article explores the subject of human rights in the operations of the World Heritage Committee—the decision-making body established by the 1972 UNESCO World Heritage Convention. It seeks to address the epistemological and methodological implications of approaching the World Heritage Committee as a point of departure for understanding global heritage and rights dynamics. It builds on an “event ethnography” undertaken by the authors to understand how rights discourse appeared in multiple contexts during the Thirty-Ninth World Heritage Committee session held in Bonn, Germany, in June 2015.In this article, we discuss the methodological and ontological implications of studying rights discourses in the context of World Heritage events and processes. We have a particular interest in the interplay of formal and informal dynamics, revealing the entangled and multi-sited processes that shape and are shaped by the annual event. While much of the debate and analysis in heritage studies is understandably concerned with formal decision-making processes and position-taking, this work demonstrates the significance of a range of informal dynamics in appreciating future possibilities.
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Flink, Tim, and David Kaldewey. "The new production of legitimacy: STI policy discourses beyond the contract metaphor." Research Policy 47, no. 1 (February 2018): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.09.008.
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Adamides, Emmanuel D. "Linking operations strategy to the corporate strategy process: a practice perspective." Business Process Management Journal 21, no. 2 (April 7, 2015): 267–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-07-2013-0107.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a micro-level, human-activity-centred interpretative framework for the way operations strategy is formed, linked and aligned with corporate-level strategies, and to apply it to gain insights on these processes. Design/methodology/approach – Relying on the theoretical foundations of social practice theory and actor-network theory, as well as on the analysis of the organisational realities of the operations strategy formation process embedded in pluralistic organisational contexts, a conceptual framework for analysing the production and alignment of operations strategy is developed. The framework is then used to guide field research for the analysis of an operations-led strategic initiative in a medium-sized agro-food company. Findings – Operations strategy formation can be interpreted as an ongoing practical, distributed social activity of network (re)formation. Specific initiatives, or events, act as catalysts for the association of operations strategy formation practices with corporate-level ones, facilitating thus the current and future alignment of strategic content. Artefacts play an active role in the linking process. Research limitations/implications – The research presented in this paper is pioneering as it is the first explicit consideration of operations strategy formation (process) as practical social activity (practices are the focus of analysis, not individuals’ choices), in which non-human agency (informational artefacts, etc.) is explicitly taken into account. For this purpose, a novel analytic framework was developed, which, however, need to be further tested to determine the exact conditions under which it is valid. Practical implications – The framework improves the understanding of the organisational dynamics of operations strategy formation, its linking with, and institutionalisation in, other organisational processes and strategic discourses. Thus, it can assist in the analysis of operations-led strategic initiatives. Social implications – Application of the results obtained can provide better workplaces. Originality/value – For the first time: operations strategy formation is considered as a social activity by focusing on the strategists and managers’ practices; the role of documents, decision-support tools and other artefacts is surfaced; and the importance of introducing operations strategy formation practices carrying strategy content into corporate and business-level strategy processes and their role in the alignment of the two strategies is emphasised.
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Velychenko, Olena, and Oleksandra Popova. "CROSS-CULTURAL SPECIFICITIES OF RENDERING TEXTS ON MEDICAL ETHICS IN UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2019, no. 29 (November 2019): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-4.
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The article is devoted to studying some cultural peculiarities of rendering English texts on moral-ethical medical discourse into Ukrainian and presented on the material of “Medical Ethics Manual” by The World Medical Association, Inc. The importance, originality and topicality of the research question are based on the need for thorough studying the means of realization, representation, actualization and rendering of cross-cultural relations between specialists and consumers in the field of English and Ukrainian healthcare. The authors of the study emphasize the importance for Ukraine of the experience exchange in order to strengthen the ties with economically developed countries, as well as to improve the level of professional and ethical training of current and future physicians. The purpose of the article is to study specifics and originality of the Ukrainian translator’s work on finding and using correct translation operations for adequate cross-cultural rendering of English texts on medical ethics, taking into account the appropriate strategy and tactics of translation. The studied type of the text combines the features of both medical and moral-ethical discourses, thus causing some difficulties in the adequate translation from English into Ukrainian. The functions of the text, the types of information contained therein, the structural-component, semantic and lexical elements are determined, especially interesting and important in creating an adequate translation, taking into account the cultural specificity of the source text and the target audience in the translation. The emphasis is placed on the expediency of using the strategy of communicative-equal translation by means of some relevant tactics and operations, among which the most appropriate and correct ones were determined.
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Campion, Kristy. "Women in the Extreme and Radical Right: Forms of Participation and Their Implications." Social Sciences 9, no. 9 (August 24, 2020): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci9090149.
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The recent inclusion of male supremacy under the umbrella of right-wing extremism (RWE) can obscure the allure that the extreme and radical right holds for some women. This study examines women’s participation in the extreme and radical right to advance a novel conceptualization for engagement. Accordingly, six forms of participation are proposed, being violent actors, thinkers, facilitators, promoters, activists, and as gendered exemplars for others. This has implications for operations, ideology, and identity. First, women’s participation in violence has commonly been in conjunction with a group or a two-person dyad; it is rare that they operate as lone actors. Women also facilitate or sustain violent operations, through engaging in support activities that contribute to mission completion. Second, women create and promote radical right-wing ideology, challenge select discourses and magnify others to cultivate ideologically symbolic expressions of femininity. Third, such expressions contribute to extreme and radical belief systems, and provides select women with identity security and personal meaning. It is therefore possible to observe an ideological ecosystem spanning the extreme and radical right, in which women participate and interact.
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Creech, Brian. "A newsmaker’s tool: The 35mm camera and journalism’s material epistemology." Journalism 18, no. 9 (July 8, 2016): 1125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884916657507.
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As devices become a more visible and integral part of media practice, it is important for researchers and scholars to attend to the ways in which philosophies, professional discourses, and technical limits structure the ways these technologies are deployed. The 35mm camera is a technological waypoint between earlier large-format cameras and contemporary digital photography and offers a useful historical example for interrogating the relationship between seemingly inert technical operations and journalism’s modes of meaning production. To that end, this article offers a theoretical perspective for interrogating the 35mm camera through the lens of Latour, with the aim of developing a schema for integrating devices into the cultural study of media and communication.
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Sharma, K. K., Sushendra Kumar Misra, and Arun Kumar Singla. "Role of Public Private Partnership in Bus Terminals: A Case Study of Punjab." Think India 22, no. 2 (October 19, 2019): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/think-india.v22i2.8680.
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The “Academic Discourses” on “Public and Private” partnerships in “Infrastructure Development” often involve the issues of “User’s Perceptions and “Employee Satisfaction” as two different ideologies work together. Multi party (private builders, developers, employees and users) work arrangements in infrastructure development owe a history of conflict and anxieties across the existing literature. Commuter utilizing PPP run bus terminals were found to be more satisfied vis-a-vis the commuters across Non-PPP run organizations in transport sectors across Punjab. With regard to bus terminals, the “Maintenance” of service levels matter and this factor was observed to dominate and exhibit maximum possible variance. The access coverage and volume capability needs to be retained and enhanced in order to reap the benefits of public private mode of bus terminal operations.
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Tahir, Madiha. "Violence Work and the Police Order." Public Culture 31, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/08992363-7532643.
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As violence work, policing exceeds the institution of the police. Indeed, the latest bout of American invasions that cluster under the label “global war on terror” have been framed as policing operations by American officials as well as scholars. What, then, is the relationship between these two violence workers, the soldier and the police officer? Should we characterize violence work, from Ferguson to Fallujah, as “policing”? And if so, how? What productive analytics, politics, and solidarities can such a framing underwrite? Equally important, what significant inequalities in the global regimes of power does such an analytic obscure? This special issue of Public Culture leverages the strengths of an interdisciplinary conversation to examine the discourses and practices of policing as a concept.
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Bak McKenna, Miriam. "The Discourse of Proportionality and the Use of Force: International Law and the Power of Definition." Nordic Journal of International Law 89, no. 3-4 (November 12, 2020): 364–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718107-89030006.
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Abstract Foregrounding standards like ‘proportionality’ and ‘necessity’ have come to assume a central place in the international legal vocabulary for assessing the legitimacy of war. In both ethical and practical terms, the shift towards common standards provides a useful vernacular to assess military operations. But the question remains: how should these terms be interpreted and applied and by whom? Simultaneously, debates over the definitional boundaries of the legal concept of war and its attendant categories (e.g. lawful military objects, protected zones, combatants, civilians) have arisen in many contexts, leaving room for different and conflicting interpretations, often to the detriment of marginalised groups and weaker States. This article examines the ambivalences, complexities and contestations that have arisen in the move towards broader and subjective discourses of law and war, through the lens of proportionality.
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Craven, Krista, Torin Monahan, and Priscilla Regan. "Compromised Trust: DHS Fusion Centers’ Policing of the Occupy Wall Street Movement." Sociological Research Online 20, no. 3 (August 2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.3608.
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State surveillance programs often operate in direct tension with ideals of democratic governance and accountability. The fraught history of surveillance programs in the United States, for instance, illustrates that government agencies mobilize discourses of exceptional circumstances to engage in domestic and foreign spying operations without public awareness or oversight. While many scholars, civil society groups, and media pundits have drawn attention to the propensity of state surveillance programs to violate civil liberties, less attention has been given to the complex trust dynamics of state surveillance. On one hand, in justifying state surveillance, government representatives claim that the public should trust police and intelligence communities not to violate their rights; on the other hand, the very act of engaging in secretive surveillance operations erodes public trust in government, especially when revelations about such programs come to light without any advance notice or consent. In order to better understand such trust dynamics, this paper will analyze some of the competing trust relationships of Department of Homeland Security (DHS) ‘fusion centers,’ with a focus on the role of these organizations in policing the Occupy Wall Street movement of 2011 and 2012.
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Fontanille, Jacques. "Praxis and enunciation: Greimas, heir of Saussure." Sign Systems Studies 45, no. 1/2 (July 5, 2017): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2017.45.1-2.04.
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Enunciative praxis was defined as comprising all the operations that produce, through assuming the system of narrative deep structures, semiotic configurations sufficiently stabilized to be available for other uses. The practice of enunciation implies an operations chain, organized in collective time, and a capacity for creation and renewal in meaning figures production, under the constraint of cultural conditions.This conception of enunciation is not an invention of Greimassian semiotics in general. It is present already in Saussure, when he describes signs praxis and life of languages. The founding moment of his reasoning is the substitution of substance by action: the sign is not an abstraction obtained by discretization of the substance, the sign is a “class of executions”, a praxeological class.The Greimassian enunciative praxis can be defined as all acts by which discourses are convoked, selected, handled and invented by each particular enunciation. This conception strengthens the relationship with Saussure’s speaking mass, since the praxis in question belongs to no one, and it is not even assignable to a precise linguistic community.Finally, we may propose to analyse enunciation praxis as a sequence of reflection and exploration, which mediates between primary experience and the semiotic object.
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Kinsella, Helen M. "Gender and Human Shielding." AJIL Unbound 110 (2016): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2016.3.
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Human shielding occurs through the use of the body—an individual or collective physical presence—which is not armed and does not rely on the use of force or fire. Understood as both a means (human shields) and a method (human shielding), shielding is the use of “civilians or other protected persons, whose presence or movement is aimed or used to render military targets immune from military operations.” Human shielding raises difficult doctrinal questions as to the interpretation and implementation of international humanitarian law that are not easily answered. This is in part because human shielding reanimates a series of queries that, as I argue elsewhere, are constitutive of international humanitarian law itself, namely: What and who is a combatant? What and who is a civilian? Who is to judge and according to which premises? Human shielding reanimates these questions because it is upon the definition of a civilian, in contradistinction to the combatant, that the power and efficacy of shielding depends. As I have shown, the distinction between civilian and combatant is partially constituted through discourses of gender which naturalize sex and sex difference. These discourses, as I sketch out below, are cited when theorizing the significance of human shields and reappear when evaluating the representation and meaning of the embodied movement of human shields.
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Nnabuihe, Onyekachi, and Kayode George. "LAND GRABS AND HUMAN INSECURITY IN COLONIAL JOS PLATEAU, NIGERIA." Caleb Journal of Social and Management Science 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 225–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26772/cjsms2020050207.
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This article places land grab in its primeval colonial milieu and investigates how colonial tin mining operation induced human insecurity in colonial Jos, Nigeria. It uses the human insecurity approach to address questions of colonial “control grabbing” – grabbing and controlling of land – in Jos Plateau. Although contemporary research addresses the recent rush for African lands, they have allocated minimal attention to historical details and lessons of colonialism as well as its connection to human insecurity. Through the use of interviews and archival sources, the article investigates how tin mining operations stimulated human insecurity and how British land policies and politics empowered the Hausa and Fulani in Jos Plateau, to accumulate much land and how their actions and inactions provided the incentives for bloody and intractable conflicts in the post-colonial era. The article argues that scholarly analysis of land grab is largely associated with food and biofuel production ignoring the connection with tin exploitation and its legacies. To this end, discourses on land grabs need to allocate adequate attention to natural resources as a stimulant for the phenomenon and why it is a threat to environmental peace. Keywords: Land grabs, human insecurity, land policies and politics, conflicts, Jos Plateau Nigeria.
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Morgan, Nicholas C. "Forging a Public Sphere: José Leonilson in the Folha de São Paulo." ARTMargins 9, no. 1 (February 2020): 7–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artm_a_00252.
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Between 1991 and 1993, the artist José Leonilson contributed a weekly illustration to Folha de São Paulo, Brazil’s highest circulation daily newspaper. This article argues that these drawings inserted a minoritarian voice into the public sphere in a way that contested its normative operations by emphasizing the micropolitical and the intimate, often through allegory. Some of the illustrations address AIDS, to which Leonilson succumbed two weeks after the last was published, and this article situates his work in relation to the intertwining discourses around sexuality, public health and media in Brazil at the time. What emerges is a conception of mass media and of publicness as a space of fiction that could, paradoxically, be instrumentalized in the face of the increasing standardization of previously deviant and unclassified sexualities.
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Bennett, Susan. "Only in Alberta? Angels in America and Canada." Theatre Research in Canada 17, no. 2 (January 1996): 160–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/tric.17.2.160.
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"Only in Alberta? Angels in America and Canada" provides a Canadian theatre history for Kushner's Pulitzer prize-winning epic. In the context of Angels' critical reception, the paper examines the entry of the play into such a history as both a gay play and a history play. The discussion elaborates the critical discourses which would subsume gay identity under a broader politic of liberal pluralism, an effect of which, it is suggested, is to render the homosexual intolerable. Angels in America, however, is seen as a resistant text which calls into question the very operations of that politic. Following from Alan Sinfield's recent discussion of gay identity claimed by an ethnicity-and-rights model, the essay considers the potentialities of Angels in laying bare the assumptions that make such identifications crucial to the play's reception.
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Seid, Gonzalo, and Federico Luis Abiuso. "Propedéutica y práctica de la investigación según los programas de Metodología en carreras de Sociología en Argentina y otros países latinos." Research in Education and Learning Innovation Archives, no. 25 (December 24, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/realia.25.17001.
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In this article we discuss the teaching programs of Research Methodology subjects imparted in undergraduate Sociology degrees, mainly in Argentina (2018). Starting with questions about how research is taught, we analyzed programs as documents that develop and deliver information on formative practices and discourses. While these programs are by no means classroom practices, they provide significant information and help to increase the sample compared to observation in situ. Our results are divided into two axes: variations in teaching proposals and ways of understanding research practices. The corpus we analyzed reflects a broad consensus on the discursive level around the idea “You learn to investigate by investigating”. However, the extent and modes of the practical application of theoretical knowledge appear to depend on which topics need teaching. The most concrete techniques and operations are those that appear most related to their practical implementation. However, these techniques and operations are not always taught by framing them within a comprehensive investigative study. We highlight the importance of taking into account the conceptions about what is research and what is practice. We conclude that, since there are contradictory opinions on the teaching of social research methodology, the range of teaching approaches reflects these tensions and meets the various challenges in different ways.
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Åkerstrøm Andersen, Niels, and Paul Stenner. "Social Immune Mechanisms: Luhmann and Potentialization Technologies." Theory, Culture & Society 37, no. 2 (September 5, 2019): 79–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276419868768.
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Contemporary discourses of management are full of encouragements to ‘expect the unexpected’ and to celebrate ‘the future of the future’. Many new public managerial technologies of change – such as steering labs, future games, and managerial performance arts – promise the co-creative ‘potentialization’ of employees, citizens and organizations. This paper approaches such potentialization technologies as immune mechanisms which serve to protect the social system from itself. From a perspective inspired by autopoietic systems theory, potentialization technologies provide autoimmunity by problematizing institutional structures and providing ‘anti-structural’ space-times to facilitate transformation. There is a price to pay for this immune function, however, since these immune mechanisms cannot discriminate between productive and unproductive structures. By dissolving the certainty of the expectations that underlie the connectivity of diverse organizational operations, they risk harming the welfare systems that host them.
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Matsuzawa, Setsuko. "Horizontal Dynamics in Transnational Activism: The Case of Nu River Anti-Dam Activism in China." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 16, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 369–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.16.3.30242741826k05r2.
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This case study of transnational activism against the Nu River hydropower dam plan in China describes a horizontal dynamic in global-local relations, whereas the predominant literature in social movements assumes a vertical or hierarchical conception. The forms and operations of transnational activism were analyzed in order to understand the connectivity of domestic environmental NGOs in China to alliances, venues, and discourses. The case reveals that the "translocal" nature of local activism helped create linkages with global partners and establish a horizontal dynamic of transnational activism via the development of transnational solidarities and local empowerment. Local activists today should not automatically be viewed as the bottom feeders in a vertical topography, dependent upon global patronage. The study proposes a preliminary set of observable and/or measurable characteristics for assessing the degree to which any case of global-local relations expresses a horizontal dynamic.
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Romano, Silvina M. "Liberal Democracy and National Security: Continuities in the Bush and Obama Administrations." Critical Sociology 38, no. 2 (November 18, 2011): 159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920511419903.
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The antiterrorist policy of the George W. Bush Administration established a relationship between democracy and security that implied the limitation of the former as a necessary condition for the achievement of the latter. This strategy led to the diminishing of the basic liberties promoted by liberal democracy through legal means with the putative objective of guaranteeing the ‘security’ of American citizens. A key starting point of these policies can be found in undercover operations carried out abroad by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Department of State at the beginning of the Cold War. This article focuses on the continuities and ruptures between the official discourse of the G. W. Bush Administration and that of the first years of the Cold War, focusing on the realist and liberal patterns present in those discourses. This leads to an analysis of the relationship between democracy and national security under the antiterrorist policy implemented by the G. W. Bush government, approached from a power elite perspective. The aggressive foreign and homeland policies of the US government were based upon a booming military–industrial pole, closely bound to free market expansionism and liberal democracy as key dimensions in the reproduction of capitalism. Included in this consideration are the 2002 and 2006 National Security Strategies, the Patriot Act (2001), and the Domestic Security Enhancement Act (2003) (or ‘Patriot Act II’) put in place by the G.W. Bush Administration, as well as the National Security Strategy (2009) established by President Obama.
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Lucas, Leopold. "The ordinary – extraordinary dialectics in tourist metropolises." International Journal of Tourism Cities 5, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-12-2017-0082.
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PurposeStarting from the hypothesis of an ordinary/extraordinary tension that drives the link between tourist places and non-tourist places, this paper discusses the issue of tourist spatial delimitations. Rather than take such an issue for granted, the paper argues that the author needs to understand how the different actors within the tourism system create specific delimitations and how tourists deal with these delimitations. To pinpoint these tourist spatial delimitations, this paper considers three types of discourses: the discourse of local promoters, the discourse of guidebooks and the discourse of tourists. The purpose of this paper is to explain not only the tourist delimitations established by these actors but also the concordance between the guidebooks’ prescriptions, the public actors’ strategies and the tourists’ practices. In this empirical investigation, the author uses the case of Los Angeles and focuses more specifically on the two main tourist places within the agglomeration: Hollywood and Santa Monica. The argument supports the idea that political actors tend to develop what the author could consider a tourist secession, as the author tends to precisely delimit the designated area for the sake of efficiency. Guidebooks, which the author must consider because they are true and strong prescribers of tourist practices, draw their own tourist neighbourhoods. Finally, most tourists in Los Angeles conform to these delimitations and do not venture off the beaten track.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines three types of discourses: the discourse of local tourism promoters, the discourse of tourist guidebooks and the discourse of tourists. The purpose of the study is to explain not only the tourist delimitations established by these actors but also the concordance between the guidebooks’ prescriptions, the public actors’ strategies and the tourists’ practices. To conduct this analysis, this paper relied on an empirical survey (Lucas, 2014b) whose methodology used a range of different techniques. First, interviews with Convention and Visitors Bureau managers were performed to understand the delimitations established by the institutional actors directly in charge of the tourist development of those places. Second, the second kind of discourse considered here is that in guidebooks. Los Angeles is often included in guidebooks about California in general, albeit with a much shorter number of pages. Although all guidebooks were considered, the study mostly focused on those specifically dedicated to Los Angeles (Time Out,Rough GuideandLonely Planet) to conduct a thick analysis of their discourses and to note the spatial delimitations that they established. The author must regard guidebooks as the prescribers of practices because they represent a source of information for tourists. The aim is to determine how tourists follow – or do not follow – the recommendations of guidebooks. Third, to understand these practices, the paper considers numerous interviews (approximately seventy) conducted with tourists.FindingsThus, in these two examples, the author has distinguished powerful delimitations of the tourist places created by promoters through their discourse, which provides information on how they promote the place through urban planning. This tourist staging, and all the specific processing of the place, contributes to a clear distinction between these places and the rest of the urban environment, allowing a very precise definition. The distinction is made from one street to another. However, these delimitations are mainly defined by the practices of the tourists: they have a very selective way of dealing with the public space of the two places concerned. They validate, update and thus make relevant the limits established by the institutional operators, sometimes performing even stricter operations of delimitation. This way of dealing with space is observed in the urban planning and in the discourses on the tourist places expressed in the guidebooks. There are no tactics to bypass, divert and subvert the spatial configuration settled by local authorities and guidebooks; tourists do not attempt to discover new places or to go off the beaten track (Maitland and Newman, 2009). Yet, this is not the only explanation for the way in which tourists occupy a place. Although the guidebooks perform the operations of delimitation and rank places (insisting on one place over another and highlighting what should be seen, where to go, etc.), they also exhaustively present the practices that one can perform, and how tourists deal with space either hints at their disregard of these tools or at individuals’ selection based on the information given. In Hollywood, as in Santa Monica, while the guidebooks exhaustively enumerate the numerous sites that might be interesting for tourist practices, the author observes a very important and discriminating concentration of these tourist practices within a precisely delimited perimeter, respectively, the Walk of Fame and the Ocean Front Walk: tourists walk from one street to another and from a full to an empty space. Thus, the author can support the idea that how tourists cope with space are temporary, delimited by highly targeted practices and restricted only to a few tourist places.Originality/valueWhat about the ordinary/extraordinary dialectic? Most tourists do not look for something ordinary; yet, the entirety of what could be considered as “extraordinary” in one metropolis is not included in its tourism space. On the contrary, tourist places can also be seen as “ordinary.” Nevertheless, there is clearly a distinction observed through the discourses, but also in the practices, between an “inside” and an “outside” and between something extraordinary and one’s ordinary environment. One can interpret this result as an actual confirmation of the classic combination (tourist/sight/marker) that constitutes a “tourist attraction” (MacCannell, 1976, p. 44), which concerns a very specific way of dealing with space in Los Angeles. Tourists do not practice Los Angeles as the author might assume that they would typically practice other metropolises, e.g. strolling down the streets randomly. The two places examined in this paper are open to that kind of practice. One can consider that these places have a higher degree of urbanity than the average area of Los Angeles precisely because there are tourists. The density in terms of buildings is (relatively) more important and accompanied by a narrative construction of the urban space (the historic dimension of the buildings), and the public space has undergone specific urban planning and given special consideration, at least greater consideration than elsewhere. In these places, the author finds a concentration of population – the metropolitan crowd – that is otherwise very rare in Los Angeles. However, the tourists seem to have a limited interest in these attractions. These classic characteristics of urbanity do not seem to be regarded positively by a certain number of tourists and are not taken into consideration by tourists. This observation contrasts somewhat with the idea that dwelling touristically in a metropolis primarily entails the discovery of its urbanity (Equipe MIT, 2005). Discovering Los Angeles does not consist of experiencing the local society and of exploring the urban space but, rather, of performing specific practices in Los Angeles (seeing the Hollywood sign and the Stars and walking along the famous beaches). Two approaches can help us understand this gap: considering Los Angeles as a specific case or considering that the spatial configuration of Los Angeles enables us to bring out the logic at work in other metropolises but that would be too complex to distinguish here. Perhaps, the author finds both elements, and this reflection must invite the author to continue the discussion on the logic of tourists’ practice of metropolises: are they really looking for a maximal urbanity during their metropolitan experiences?
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Rommelse, Gijs. "Defending the flag of a torpid empire: The VOC in Bengal, 1759-1763." International Journal of Maritime History 32, no. 3 (August 2020): 533–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871420956493.
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In 1759, the VOC perpetrated a spectacular blunder. The Company’s management in Batavia took the decision to send an expedition to Bengal in order to hinder the EIC. The result was disastrous: the expeditionary force was defeated and the VOC could henceforth only continue its operations in Bengal at the sufferance of the British. Most historians have interpreted the expedition as ill-conceived. The ideological dimension seems to have gone completely unnoticed, however. This article contends that this should not only be regarded as a strategic error, but also as the consequence of ideological considerations. This case, it is argued, demonstrates the existence of a corporate self-perception – shared, or at least adhered to, by the highest managerial echelons – of the Company as a manifestation of the Dutch nation and the extension of its state. This patriotism was interwoven with overarching discourses on the identity of the slowly dissolving Republic.
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Wolffenbüttel, Cristina Rolim, and Lucas Pacheco Brum. "Art Curriculum: Reflections, Discussions, and Concerns." International Journal of Social Science Studies 8, no. 2 (February 12, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v8i2.4715.
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This essay problematizes the resistance processes present in art school curricula. Some curricula are legitimized by the constant emphasis on sequentiality and chronological succession grounded in the history of art, which often comes only from a scholarly conception centered on the work and life of consecrated artists over the centuries, or rereading of works of art. Besides that most of the school curricula are guided by textbooks that legitimize the continuity of these practices, privileging elitist, ideological, sequential aspects that may exclude other artistic manifestations. There is an imposition of good or bad art. There are several discourses in Art that can produce operations and subjectivations of bodies in and out of school, demanding new ways for subjects to be in and out of the classroom in order to produce resistance in curricula and school spaces as a whole. This essay calls these processes urgencies. It is understood that these urgencies are in conflict and have the power to create reliefs with what is legitimized by the school system as a curriculum in Art. In this process, there is a flow of forces between what is put, the status quo and the urgencies, implying lifestyles, aesthetic choices and the construction of discourses, people, bodies, as well as attitudes, actions and ways of walking, speak and behave, that is, ways of managing life that operate in the processes of subjectivation. This essay deals with the resistance that permeates the art curriculum at school, in view of the curricular conceptions already legitimized by the system.
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Moreau, Jeannine Therese, and Trudy Rudge. "How “care values” as discursive practices effect the ethics of a care-setting." Journal of Organizational Ethnography 8, no. 3 (October 14, 2019): 298–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joe-04-2018-0024.
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Purpose This paper examines how certain care values permeate, legitimize and authorize hospitalized-older-adults’ care, technologies and practices. The purpose of this paper is to expose how values are not benign but operate discursively establishing “orders of worth” with significant effect on the ethics of the care-setting. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws from a discursive ethnography to see “up close” on a surgical unit how values influence nurse/older-adult-patient care occasions in the domain of older-adults and functional decline. Data are from participant observations, conversations, interviews, chart reviews and reviewed literature. Foucauldian discursive analytics rendered values recognizable and analyzable as discursive practices. Discourse is a social practice of knowledge production constituting and giving meaning to what it represents. Findings Analysis reveals how care values inhere discourses like measurement, efficiency, economics, risk and functional decline (loss of capacity for independent living) pervading care technologies and practices, subjugating older adults’ bodies to techniques, turning older persons into measurable objects of knowledge. These values determine social conditions of worth, objectifying, calculating, normalizing and homogenizing what it means to be old, ill and in hospital. Originality/value Seven older adult patients and attendant nurses were followed for their entire hospitalization. The ethnography renders visible how care values as discursive practices rationalize the social order and operations of everyday care. Analytic outcomes offer insights of how dominant care values enabled care technologies and practices to govern hospitalized-older-adults as a population to be ordered, managed and controlled, eliding possibilities of engaging humanistic patient-centered care.
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Dörrenbächer, Christoph, and Florian Becker-Ritterspach. "Introduction." Competition & Change 13, no. 3 (September 2009): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/102452909x451314.
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Intrafirm competition, production relocation and outsourcing define crucial ways of organising and reorganising the cross-border operations of multinational corporations. What is more: these organisational activities put severe pressure on established economic coordination and governance both in developed as well as in developing countries. However, despite their organisational, political and economic salience, rather little is known about these processes and in particular about their socio-political dimensions. To this end, the contributions of this special issue aim at exploring, first, who the relevant actors are, what their interests are and how their strategies can be captured in intrafirm competition, production relocation and outsourcing. Second, the contributions discuss the wider socio-economic implications of firm-level processes by discussing, for example, the impact of outsourcing and relocation on employment fragmentation. Finally, the importance of public discourses is highlighted with regard to their role in both legitimating and promoting intrafirm competition, production relocation and outsourcing.
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Brodie, Patrick. "Climate extraction and supply chains of data." Media, Culture & Society 42, no. 7-8 (March 4, 2020): 1095–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443720904601.
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The global data center industry relies on what this article defines as ‘climate extraction’. Through this peculiar but critical infrastructure for global Internet operations, a focus on Ireland reveals the entanglements of state, corporate, and environmental actors within the extractive calculations of transnational companies. Ireland has been advertised to and by data center developers because of its ‘cool’ climate while downplaying the importance of its low corporate tax rate and the government and planning system’s favorable treatment of big tech companies. Public discourses around big tech ‘greenwash’ power and contribute to a material climate (both atmospheric and infrastructural) from which value can be extracted. This is achieved by extracting for and from data circulation through the built and ‘natural’ environment. This article articulates the ways in which the spatial development of data centers as ‘strategic infrastructure’ contributes to the ongoing naturalization of capital and state power’s entanglements with the so-called natural world through technological systems.
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Hunt, Theresa A. "A Network of One’s Own." YOUNG 25, no. 2 (June 6, 2016): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308816634259.
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In the last decade, young people have been at the fore of spectacular global protests, from revolutions across North Africa to the Occupy Wall Street movements spreading across Europe and North America. Youth involvement in these protests has interested major media and the scholarly community, but few have thoroughly interrogated young women’s distinct formations of transnational, youth-only feminist networks. This study, which employed qualitative methods influenced by grounded theory, offers insight into the motivations and operations of five young women’s transnational feminist networks (TFNs). Key findings include young feminists’ articulations of encountering marginalization, both age and gender based, in existing and established networks, and creating ‘youth-only’ feminist networks in response. Coalescing around these experiences of marginalization, young women perceive their networks to constitute a ‘counter-public sphere’ through which they can engage in praxis-oriented discourses, and to constitute a space in which to experiment with and deliberate new or alternative movement repertoires.
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Thorpe, Holly, Kim Toffoletti, and Toni Bruce. "Sportswomen and Social Media: Bringing Third-Wave Feminism, Postfeminism, and Neoliberal Feminism Into Conversation." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 41, no. 5 (September 12, 2017): 359–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723517730808.
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In this article, we take seriously the challenges of making sense of a sporting (and media) context that increasingly engages female athletes as active, visible, and autonomous, while inequalities pertaining to gender, sexuality, race, and class remain stubbornly persistent across sport institutions and practices. We do so by engaging with three recent feminist critiques that have sought to respond to the changing operations of gender relations and the articulation of gendered subjectivities, namely, third-wave feminism, postfeminism, and neoliberal feminism, and applying each to the same concrete setting—the social media self-representation of Hawaiian professional surfer Alana Blanchard. In aiming to conceptually illustrate the utility of these three feminist critiques, we are not advocating for any single approach. Rather, we critically demonstrate what each offers for explaining how current discourses are being internalized, embodied, and practiced by young (sports)women, as they make meaning of, and respond to, the conditions of their lives.
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Kisil, Valentina, and Svitlana Yukhymets. "Translation of Business Discourse: Typology of Translation Operations (English, Ukrainian, Chinese)." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 26, no. 27 (February 2019): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2018-27-14.
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The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the translation of terminology on the material of the English business discourse into Ukrainian and Chinese. The study represents the main approach to the definitions of such concepts as “business discourse” and “translation operation” in current language- and translational studies; the linguistic features of business discourse are analyzed; the translation operations applied at the lexical-semantic and structural component levels when translating English terms of business discourse into Ukrainian and Chinese are analyzed; the choice of translation operations when translating the terms of English discourse as a method of achieving an adequate translation. Key words: business discourse, translation operation, terminology, a term, the Chinese language.
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Sykes-Kelleher, Anita. "Transforming global governance: images of futures from people on the periphery." Foresight 17, no. 2 (April 13, 2015): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-01-2014-0004.
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Purpose – The topics of an emerging planetary civilisation and its common affairs, global problems requiring coordinated worldwide responses and contested forms of globalisation are collectively stimulating an international conversation about alternatives to the current system of global governance. The purpose of this paper is to introduce new voices to the conversation, providing unconventional perspectives of possible futures to those found in much of the scholarly literature. These perspectives are those of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation (UNPO), an international non-government organisation comprising nations and peoples not represented at the United Nations (UN). Design/methodology/approach – Collectively the discourses and worldviews of the UNPO, feminists, social and environmental movements, Cosmopolitan Democrats, technocrats and the Commission on Global Governance reveal contesting images of global governance futures in which the UN is transformed in ways that are aligned to emerging forms of alternative globalisations. The Causal Layered Analysis (CLA) futures research method is used to construct models of each group’s preferred global governance future from elements of their discourses and deeply held ideological commitments. Findings – Structural aspects are also considered and the author offers an analytical framework summarising the models against the layers of CLA and the history, power base, globalisation worldview and agency congruent with each model. The models are then presented as visionary scenarios generating images of future alternatives while providing an opportunity to hear what the nations unrepresented in the current system have to say. Originality/value – Their image produced a more inclusive, egalitarian and holistic image of a global governance future when compared with the “business as usual” UN future. As we approach 2015 and the 70th anniversary of the establishment of the UN, this conversation provides a timely prompt for the review of the UN system of global governance and an opportunity for the UN to consider how it might transform to retain relevance in a rapidly changing global environment.
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Ahen, Frederick. "Futures of new post-truth: new research frontiers on disturbingly fascinating pathologies affecting information dissemination and knowledge production." foresight 21, no. 5 (September 10, 2019): 563–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-10-2018-0088.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore in depth the anatomy of post-truth in the quest to set a new research agenda. The author interrogates knowledge production/dissemination and the political positions of those behind them. This study diagnoses and challenges existing claims of supremacy of certain hegemonic epistemological and ontological orthodoxies that have been weaponized. Design/methodology/approach This study philosophically engages with different worlds of credible ‘pluriversal’ knowledge(s) and leads to the exposure of historically ‘taken-for-granted’ definitions of the nature and composition of acceptable truth and how it is deeply entrenched in interest group politics. Findings Each generation in different contexts has had to battle with specific troubling forces of deception and organized hypocrisy. Here, both new social actors and incumbents influence the disgruntled, deceive the gullible or connect with the enlightened masses at the emotional level whilst strongly undermining the rules-of-logic and fact-based discourses using disruptive social media technologies. The author specifies how the five P’s: political power, profits, populism, politics and the private visions of technologists and scientists will continue to play very influential roles in how knowledge production will affect future policies and global governance. Social implications Based on historicized explanations, the author argues that deception and mass ignorance as weaponized features of global governance and its capitalist order are typical Machiavellian strategies for gaining control over knowledge production/information dissemination. Massive changes are not expected in the future unless society and academia introduce novel science, technology and political platforms for engaging society and policy-makers. Originality/value The author provides ample historical illustrations to support the claims made in this study that public insights into the postulated structures of post-truth remain extremely superficial, making people insufficiently informed to engage in crucial discourses about knowledge production and dissemination that affect their futures. This study provides several ingredients for stimulating further debate.
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Salayo, Juland. "Social Distancing, Community Quarantine and Bullets: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Pres. Rodrigo Duterte’s Speeches on the War against COVID-19 Pandemic." Middle Eastern Journal of Research in Education and Social Sciences 1, no. 2 (November 3, 2020): 233–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47631/mejress.v1i2.13.
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Purpose: Language is essential in creating ideologies and power as a means of delivering a politician’s agenda. Building such power, this study explored the transitivity processes and how they constructed ideological frame used in the first seven speeches of the Philippine President Rodrigo Roa Duterte on the precautionary measures of the government during the COVID-19 crisis. Approach/Methodology/Design: Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were applied in this study. The corpus of the study was downloaded from the website of the Presidential Communications Operations Office of the Philippine government. These consist of his first seven (7) public speeches and addresses with the 15,749 total number of words. Findings: Guided by Halliday and Matthiessen’s (2004; 2014) transitivity system, it was revealed that Duterte has a total 1,371 processes with a preponderance use of material, relational, and mental processes showing that the president’s concrete action, clarity of description and emotional appeal effectively delivered his agenda as a political leader in order to win the present crisis. These resulted in building a connection with his audience in presenting specific guidelines in addressing the health-related issues including social distancing, community and home quarantine, government assistance, public support and a number of warnings. Likewise, the result shows that language certainly serves as a tool in shaping philosophical foundations to serve both the speaker and the listeners in achieving their goals. Practical Implications: Presenting a discourse analysis of presidential speeches in a time of crisis, COVID-19. Originality/value: Public discourses on the precautionary measures of the government in fighting COVID-19 prove that Pres. Rodrigo Duterte’s Speeches power, ideologies and policies are constructed and delivered through transitivity system of Halliday and Matthiessen.