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Books on the topic 'Operations of discourses'
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1
Martin, Maximilian. Operation cooperation: Discourses on joint ventures and development. Hamburg: Lit, 1997.
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2
Żmudzki, Jerzy. Konsekutivdolmetschen: Handlungen, Operationen, Strategien. Lublin: Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, 1995.
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3
Konsekutivdolmetschen: Handlungen, Operationen, Strategien. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1998.
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4
Kimpeler, Simone. Ethnizismus als kommunikative Konstruktion: Operational-konstruktivistische Diskursanalyse von Medienangeboten. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, 2000.
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5
Kislicyna, Natal'ya, and Ekaterina Novikova. Genres sports discourse: linguistic and cognitive aspect. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1077732.
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The monograph is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of "discourse" from the perspective of its institutionality. The focus of research interest is sports discourse, presented in the form of a complex conceptual space with a particular genre-stylistic and pragmatic characteristics.
As a material of study are sports articles, sports interviews and sports commentary, considered as genres of sports discourse, allocated according to criteria focus of the text and its function. The use of frame analysis, content analysis and conversational analysis have shown the peculiarities of representation of speech and thoughts of individuals, operating in the conditions of specific discursive practices.
Addressed to specialists in the field of language theory, cognitive linguistics, decorology, pragmatics, teachers, postgraduates and students.
6
Middleton, Timothy Andrew. The operation of discourse as a motive for critical practice: A Bakhtinian perspective. [s.l.]: typescript, 1991.
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7
Malik, Shahin. Reflections on economic interests in Thatcherite discourse and British foreign policy towards the Gulf co-operation council states: A constructivist analysis. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2002.
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8
Birkin, Jane. Archive, Photography and the Language of Administration. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463729642.
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This alternative study of archive and photography brings many types of image assemblages into view, always in relation to the regulated systems operating within the institutional milieu. The archive catalogue is presented as a critical tool for mapping image time, and the language of image description is seen as having a life, a worth and an aesthetic value of its own. Functioning at the intersection of text and image, the book combines media culture, archival techniques, and contemporary discourse on art and conceptual writing.
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Smaal, Maarten. Politieke strijd om de prijs van automobiliteit: De geschiedenis van een langdurend discours : 1895-2010. Delft: Eburon, 2012.
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10
Murphy, Patrick D. Battle of the Blogosphere. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252041037.003.0005.
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This chapter examines how the multinational agricultural biotechnology corporation Monsanto has attempted to re-brand itself from a chemical company to a food company through the elaboration of a highly interlaced, multi-platform on-line media strategy. This image enhancement operation is a response to its many critics—from citizen-based groups in India and Mexico to prominent food security activists like Michael Pollan and Vandana Shiva. At the center of analysis is how Monsanto has used the trope of “sustainability” to craft a proactive profile that is responsive to the challenges that the planet is facing. Foregrounding the issue of environmental agency, the chapter provides an assessment of what kinds of environmental discourses the company privileges through its media operations, and how these have been produced as a means to combat those who have challenged Monsanto’s vision of food production and “responsible” environmental stewardship.
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Murphy, Patrick D. Conclusion. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252041037.003.0007.
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The conclusion digests the main issues explored in the previous chapters. The core argument put forward is that the global media landscape that materialized at the end of the twentieth century has become a central mediator of eco-consciousness around the globe. This landscape is defined primary by the Promethean discourse, which assumes that growth is perpetual and that individuals operating within the market have the agency to solve any and all environmental problems. This discourse is problematic when considered in the face of anthropogenic climate change and declining natural resource reserves. However, even powerful discourses co-produced and are hence not immune to challenges. This means that alternative environmental discourses can be found within market driven media, suggesting that while the contemporary media commons is the domain of non-ecologically responsive normative trends, its also offers openings for more progressive environmental thought and action.
12
Jonathan, Swift. A Discourse Concerning the Mechanical Operation of the Spirit. Kessinger Publishing, 2005.
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13
Morgan-Owen, David G. The Military Resources of the Empire. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805199.003.0003.
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Historians have argued that the British Army was afflicted with an insular focus on home defence in the late nineteenth century and that this preoccupation was evidence of the paucity of military strategic thought and the lack of co-operation and dialogue between the two services. This chapter challenges that viewpoint and argues that the military leadership was, in fact, consistently much more interested in preparing for operations overseas than it was in planning to prevent an invasion. The military authorities were only deflected from this aim by differences of opinion with the Admiralty on the application of naval power and on the Navy’s inability to commit to the safe passage of troops by sea, disagreements which obliged the War Office to limit the scope of its strategic discourse. This had significant implications for both military and imperial policy, particularly the defence of India.
14
Operation Cooperation: Discourses on Joint Ventures and Development (Interethnic Relations and Culture Change). Lit Verlag, 1998.
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15
Brumann, Christoph. Creating Universal Value. Edited by Angela M. Labrador and Neil Asher Silberman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190676315.013.27.
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This chapter traces the gestation of the UNESCO World Heritage Convention and the rise of the World Heritage title to a global brand and major catalyst for heritage aspirations, activities, and discourses. Despite conceptual reforms in the 1990s and a more nation-centered mode of World Heritage Committee operations since 2010, Northern dominance and biases persist. Global co-custodianship of sites has remained largely symbolic and the contribution of World Heritage to international cooperation and site conservation is uneven. World Heritage has clearly broadened conceptions of cultural heritage, even if inconsistently. Social effects of site designation tend to be complex, producing both winners and losers on the local level, with external actors extending their influence. Recent financial difficulties make ambitious change unlikely for the coming years. The power of the World Heritage title is increasingly at the mercy of the treaty states’ internal conditions, rather than of the global institutional framework.
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Keymer, Thomas. The Subjective Turn. Edited by David Duff. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199660896.013.20.
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Central to Charles Taylor’s account of secular modernity, in which divinely guaranteed truth gives way to the personal and human, is ‘the massive subjective turn … in which we come to think of ourselves as beings with inner depths’. This chapter approaches the ‘subjective turn’ of Romantic literature by way of its philosophical and literary antecedents in the eighteenth century, emphasizing the instability or inscrutability of personal identity as conceived in Hume, Sterne, and the emergent genre of autobiography. The most powerful autobiographies of the Romantic era—if we include such generically complex cases as The Prelude and Biographia Literaria—inherit and develop a Shandean sense of the problematics of their own enterprise. Yet their fascination with the processes of cognition, and more broadly with mental operations, conscious or unconscious, also bears the mark of more recent psychological discourses; they articulate a new sense of subjectivity as constituted by the creative perceptual activity of imagination.
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Euphemization and Derogation in Political Discourse: The Case of War in Gaza: Analyzing X-phemism in political news items during "Operation Cast Lead". Germany: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller e.K., 2010.
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18
Parnas, Josef, and Pierre Bovet. Psychiatry made easy: operation(al)ism and some of its consequences. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198725978.003.0023.
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Chapter 23 covers how tThe notion of "operational” diagnoses/criteria is ubiquitously revered in psychiatry, evoking a reassuring sense of reliability and objectivity. However, most psychiatrists are unaware of what the term “operational” actually signifies. It also addresses the origins of this term, its historical permutations, and its current status in the diagnostic manuals, and that the descriptive psychiatric terms are not (and cannot be) “operational” in any remotely significant scientific or theoretical sense. This is partly so because the individuation of symptoms and signs involve an articulation of Gestaltic, context-dependent wholes, comprising the “outer” (expressivity, behavior) and the “inner” (subjectivity, experience). The so-called operational revolution entailed an oversimplification of psychopathological discourse to a lay level, rendering irrelevant the previously achieved clinical and conceptual insights. The chapter discusses the widely recognized lack of progress in clinical psychiatry as one, inevitable, epistemological consequence of the “operational” remake of psychiatry.
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Light, Caitlin. The pragmatics of demonstratives in Germanic. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747840.003.0012.
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This chapter will seek to demonstrate that demonstrative pronouns in Germanic are inherently pragmatically contrastive, in that they conventionally signal a marked and unexpected referent given the existing discourse structure. Data on object topicalization show that in information-structurally driven operations, demonstrative pronouns pattern more like contrastive elements than like non-contrastive ones. In this way they can be analysed as subinformative in the sense of Gast (2010), with an information-structural function not unlike contrastive topics. This conclusion leads us to a better understanding of the behaviour of demonstrative pronouns in discourse. Thus, a careful consideration of information-structural phenomena leads to insight into both crucial details of the grammar, and how these issues relate to language in use.
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McGuigan, Jim. Neoliberalism and the Equivocations of Empire. Edited by Angela M. Labrador and Neil Asher Silberman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190676315.013.31.
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The British Empire has been through several phases of ideological grace and disgrace. When it folded during the post–Second World War period there was widespread public awareness of terrible atrocities and great harm caused by the British in their former colonial territories. Pride in the past achievements of Empire, however, has re-emerged today alongside continuing recognition of its evils, perhaps serving to inoculate against really searching criticism and the virus of oppositional discourse to the typical operations of geopolitical power under neoliberal conditions. These matters raise serious issues to do with memorialization in public heritage.
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Fountain, Philip. Creedal Monologism and Theological Articulation in the Mennonite Central Committee. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190652807.003.0011.
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This chapter presents an ethnography of Christian theology. It does so by examining theological articulation in and through the creedal form. Creeds may be taken as an archetypal monologic mode of expression due to their monovocal presentation of standardized, non-debatable claims. Through close attention to how and why creeds are created it is possible to examination the contours and operations of the monological imagination. Drawing on fieldwork and archival research, this chapter explores the creedal articulation, as well as instances of disarticulation, within two North American Anabaptist service organizations, namely the Mennonite Central Committee and Christian Aid Ministries. Their differing strategies of theological articulation illuminate the uses and limits of monological discourse.
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Potter, Susan. Queer Timing. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042461.001.0001.
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This book is a counter-history of the emergence of lesbian sexuality in early cinema. Drawing on the critical insights of queer theory and the history of sexuality, it challenges approaches to lesbian representation, initially by reframing the emergence of lesbian figures in cinema in the late 1920s and early 1930s as only the most visible and belated signs of an array of strategies of sexuality. The emergence of lesbian representation and spectatorship in early cinema is not a linear progression and consolidation but rather arises across multiple sites in dispersed forms that are modern and backward-looking, recursive and anachronistic. In this tumultuous period, new but not always coherent sexual knowledges and categories emerge, even as older modalities of homoeroticism persist. The book articulates some of the discursive and institutional processes by which women’s same-sex desires and identities have been reorganized as impossible, marginal or—perhaps not so surprisingly—central to new forms of cinematic representation and spectatorship. Complicating the critical consensus of feminist film theory and history, the book foregrounds the centrality of women’s same-sex desire to historically distinct cinematic discourses of both homo- and heterosexuality. It articulates across its chapters the emergence of lesbian sexuality—and that of its intimate “other,” heterosexuality—as the effect of diverse discursive operations of early cinema, considered as a complex assemblage of film texts, exhibition practices, modes of female spectatorship, and reception.
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Alexander, Gavin, Emma Gilby, and Alexander Marr, eds. The Places of Early Modern Criticism. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198834687.001.0001.
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What is criticism? And where is it to be found? Tracing the history of the development of early modern thinking about literature and the visual arts requires that one think about various kinds of place—material, textual, geographical—and the practices particular to those places. It also requires that those different places be brought into dialogue with each other. The essays in this volume place criticism in Britain, France, the Low Countries, Italy, and the New World; in letters, sermons, pictures, poems, plays, treatises, manuals, discourses, defences, and manuscript miscellanies; in philosophy, theology, grammar, rhetoric, logic, and poetics; in workshops, theatres, studios, galleries, private houses, city halls, salons, and bedchambers. They explore the hybrid genres, disciplines, modes of thought, lexicons, identities, and practices that emerge when criticism connects or moves between different places. They examine the operations of imagination, empathy, and analogy by which artists might imagine themselves in their characters’ places, or poets and painters, readers, viewers, or audience members might critically and creatively swap places. They interrogate, in various ways, the relationship between the places of learned humanist excavation, the passing of individual judgement, and the gaining of social experience. Often taking polemic as its subject matter, The Places of Early Modern Criticism also argues polemically for the necessity of looking afresh at the scope of criticism, and at what happens on its margins; and for interrogating our own critical practices and disciplinary methods by investigating their history.
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Stillion Southard, Bjørn F. Peculiar Rhetoric. University Press of Mississippi, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496823694.001.0001.
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The African colonization movement plays a peculiar role in the study of racial equality in the United States. For white colonizationists, the movement was positioned as a compromise between slavery and abolition. For free blacks, colonization offered the hope of freedom, but not within America’s borders. Bjørn F. Stillion Southard shows how politics and identity were negotiated in middle of the public discourse on race, slavery, and freedom in America. Operating from a position of relative power, white advocates argued that colonization was worthy of support from the federal government. Stillion Southard analyzes the speeches of Henry Clay, Elias B. Caldwell, and Abraham Lincoln as efforts to engage with colonization at the level of deliberation. Between Clay and Caldwell’s speeches at the founding of the American Colonization Society in 1816 and Lincoln’s final public effort to encourage colonization in 1862, Stillion Southard explores the speeches and writings of free blacks who grappled with colonization’s conditional promises of freedom. The book examines an array of discourses to explore the complex issues of identity facing free blacks who attempted to meaningfully engage in colonization efforts. From a peculiarly voiced Counter Memorial against the ACS, to the letters of wealthy black merchant Louis Sheridan negotiating for his passage to Liberia, to the civically-minded orations of Hilary Teage in Liberia, Peculiar Rhetoric brings into light the intricacies of blacks who attempted to meaningfully engage in colonization.
25
Dawson, Benjamin. Science and the Scientific Disciplines. Edited by Paul Hamilton. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696383.013.35.
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For a long time, empirical science lay outside the field of scholarship concerned with European Romanticism. Recently, however, Romanticism’s traditional reconstruction in terms of an exclusively literary absolute has been challenged and revised. It is now more frequently acknowledged that even the notion ofromantische Poesie, which had always appeared to affirm poetry as Romanticism’s sovereign form, quickly outgrew any stringently restrictive reference to literature. This chapter examines the self-grounding and self-depending character of Romantic scientific discourse. Modern scientific discourse has especially sought to repress such self-consciousness. Romantic science rather becomes an especially interesting variety of Romantic experience, because it seeks to preserve consciousness of the temporal and operational nature of its own statements, while not giving up on the positivity of description, the possibility of veridical reference to objects, or the sensible reality of material nature.
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Alonso-Minutti, Ana R., Eduardo Herrera, and Alejandro L. Madrid. The Practices of Experimentalism in Latin@ and Latin American Music. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190842741.003.0001.
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This chapter introduces the main theoretical issues discussed in the book and puts them in dialogue with contemporary discussions about them. The book’s adoption of the plural term “experimentalisms” points toward a purposeful decentering of the usual US and Eurocentric interpretative frameworks. The case studies in this volume contribute to this by challenging discourses about Latin@s and Latin Americans and experimentalism that have historically marginalized them. As such, the notion of “experimentalisms” works as a performative operation of sound, soundings, music, and musicking that gives social and historical meaning to the networks it temporarily conforms and situates. The authors propose an understanding of music experimentalisms as a series of continuous presences that navigate fluidly in a transhistorical imaginary encounter of pasts and presents.
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Jeutner, Valentin. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808374.003.0005.
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The final part offers some concluding thoughts and attempts to distil the book’s core findings and arguments. The conclusions will be presented in two sections. The first section focuses on the implications of the concept of a legal dilemma on the international legal order itself. Specifically, it will be considered how the acknowledgement of the concept of a legal dilemma influences the operation and character of the contemporary international legal order. In the second section the focus shifts to a more general consideration of the implications of the concept of a legal dilemma on the legal discourse in principle and on law’s relationship with other normative orders.
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Mauranen, Anna. Second-Order Language Contact. Edited by Markku Filppula, Juhani Klemola, and Devyani Sharma. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199777716.013.010.
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This chapter discusses the nature of English as a lingua franca (ELF) as uniquely complex ‘second order language contact’, which arises from contact between ‘similects’ of speakers from given first language backgrounds. The data is drawn from speech in academic communities. ELF is best understood as operating on three levels: the macro-social, the micro-social, and the cognitive. English as a lingua franca is largely similar to English as a native language in comparable social circumstances, but it also manifests lexico-grammatical features that are clearly different: nonstandard grammatical and lexical forms are relatively common, together with lexical simplification in a statistical sense. As speakers make competent use of discourse phenomena for communicative success, it seems that lexico-grammatical accuracy may be less crucial to communication. The findings lend support to modelling language processes as discourse-driven, fuzzy and approximate, with a high level of tolerance for variability in form.
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Dewey, Susan, Bonnie Zare, Catherine Connolly, Rhett Epler, and Rosemary Bratton. Outlaw Women. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479801176.001.0001.
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This book argues that unique rural cultural dynamics shape women’s experiences of incarceration and release from prison in the remote, predominantly white communities that many Americans still think of as “the Western frontier.” Together, these dynamics comprise an architecture of gendered violence, a theoretical lens applicable to women’s experiences of prison throughout the United States in its focus on how the synchronous operations of addiction and compromised mental health, poverty, fraught relationships, and felony-related discrimination undergird women’s lives. The architecture of gendered violence that comprises the primary pathway to incarceration among the Wyoming women in this study reflects the way the suite of concerns facing currently and formerly incarcerated women throughout the United States manifests in a remote rural context far from the coastal metropolises that dominate the production of criminal justice discourse and scholarship.
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Shamshad, Rizwana. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199476411.003.0001.
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This introductory chapter sets the problem, provides a preview of nationalist thought in India and migration from Bangladesh and various nationalist thoughts. The politicization of migration of Bangladeshis into India operates at the intersection of religion, ethnicity, and discourses on nationalism in India. For the Hindu nationalists operating at the All-India level Muslims are ‘infiltrators’ and Hindus are ‘refugees’, for the Assamese ethnic nationalist both Hindu and Muslim Bengalis are ‘foreigners’. For the Bengalis in West Bengal, the ethnicity Bengaliness comes to the fore. The study sets three questions for three states. The chapter discusses these questions and the methodology to derive the answers. The chapter further discusses the field cities and the interviewees.
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Duffett, Mark, and Jon Hackett. Scary Monsters. Bloomsbury Publishing Inc, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501313400.
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Popular music and masculinity have rarely been examined through the lens of research into monstrosity. The discourses associated with rock and pop, however, actually include more ‘monsters’ than might at first be imagined. Attention to such individuals and cultures can say things about the operation of genre and gender, myth and meaning. Indeed, monstrosity has recently become a growing focus of cultural theory. This is in part because monsters raise shared concerns about transgression, subjectivity, agency, and community. Attention to monstrosity evokes both the spectre of projection (which leads to issues of familial trauma and psychoanalysis) and shared anxieties (that in turn reflect deeply held ideologies and beliefs). By pursuing a series of insightful case studies, Scary Monsters considers different aspects of the connection between the music, gender and monstrosity. Its argument is that attention to monstrosity provides a unique perspective on the study of masculinity in popular music culture.
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Papastavridis, Efthymios. Who Will Prosecute Piracy in Africa? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810568.003.0014.
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The prosecution of piracy and armed robbery off the Somali coast has been at the centre of political and academic discourse since the initiation of the counter-piracy campaign. Notwithstanding the principle of universal jurisdiction which is widely seen as applicable to piracy, the overwhelming majority of the states involved in counter-piracy operations have proved reluctant to prosecute alleged pirates within their national courts. The international community seems to have selected the establishment of piracy prosecution centres in other states in the region, mainly Kenya, the Seychelles, Mauritius, and Tanzania, while at the same time it is making efforts to enhance prison capability within Somalia for the transfer of tried pirates. International prosecution does not fit the crime of piracy and armed robbery and in any event seems not to be an option for the international community. Nevertheless, there are many jurisdictional issues to be addressed in relation to the prosecution of piracy off Somalia, especially by third states.
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Kopytowska, Monika. The Televisualization of Ritual. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636647.003.0017.
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This chapter demonstrates how contemporary ‘media culture’ has altered the way we experience and communicate religion and explains the role which language and other semiotic resources play in mediating religious experience and transforming the notion of sacred space, sacred time and a sense of communion based on collective emotion. The underlying assumption is that media together with religious institutions proximize the spiritual reality to believers and create a community of the faithful by reducing various dimensions of distance and providing the audience with a sense of participation and interaction. The chapter focuses on mediated rituals and demonstrates how both TV and radio, with their semiotic properties enabling liveness and immediacy, blur time-space boundaries, change the nature of individual and collective experience, and enhance the emotional and axiological potential of religious messages. It discusses the role of metaphor and metonymy as well as other cognitive operations within discourse space (involving both verbal and visual strategies) in these processes.
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Stavrakakis, Yannis. Populism and Hegemony. Edited by Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.26.
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How can theories of hegemony advance our understanding of populism? Against the background of Gramsci’s work, this chapter draws on Laclau, Mouffe, and other theoretical resources in order to illuminate what shapes and animates populist discourse, what overdetermines its hegemonic potential. We focus on populist articulatory practices as political interventions operating within a broader socio-symbolic as well as psycho-social terrain that both facilitates their formation and—at the same time—limits their scope. The chapter highlights thus the need to take into account the broader terrain of populism/anti-populism antagonisms in order to effectively identify and inquire into the political performance and hegemonic effects of populist movements. Finally, a series of empirical examples are used to illustrate the argument.
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Battle of Lake Erie: A discourse delivered before the Rhode-Island Historical Society on the evening of Monday, February 16, 1852. [Providence, [R.I.]?: s.n.], 1985.
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Naumann, Ingela K. Early childhood education and care policy: Beyond quantity and quality, for human development. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747109.003.0013.
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Early childhood education and care (ECEC) has become a central policy issue. After tracing the development of ECEC policy from the early nineteenth century, the chapter considers the current role of ECEC as flagship policy of the new social investment strategy of rich countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). It examines how the amalgamation of neuroscientific findings with economic discourse in policy-orientations has led to an oversimplified and constricted view on children’s development and learning, whilst silencing older debates about ECEC. The focus on childhood in policy-making offers great opportunities to improve the lives of children and their families. There is, however, a risk that the child, as creative and affective social agent, is lost within old moral conflicts about the role of ECEC for children and society. I argue for a renewed moral debate on how society can support rich and encompassing human development.
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Paulina, Starski. Part 2 The Post-Cold War Era (1990–2000), 42 The US Airstrike Against the Iraqi Intelligence Headquarters—1993. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198784357.003.0042.
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This contribution analyses the normative implications of the US raid against the headquarters of the Iraqi Intelligence Service in 1993 in reaction to a foiled assassination attempt against former President Bush. It examines the legality of the operation, its precedential value and its evolutive potential regarding the regime on the ius contra bellum and specifically the right to self-defence. After dissecting the multiple contentious dimensions of the US claim of justification, the article concludes that the raid constituted an illegal ‘armed reprisal’. In light of observable state practice, its precedent-setting nature should not be overstated. However, albeit qualified as an ‘one-off incident’ the US raid did not leave the prohibition on the use of force and the contemporary discourse surrounding it untouched. Hence, it appears essential to demystify its frequently asserted evolutive potential particularly regarding the temporal limitations of Article 51 UN Charter to which this article is dedicated.
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Blackbourn, Jessie, Fiona de Londras, and Lydia Morgan. Accountability and Review in the Counter-Terrorist State. Policy Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529206234.001.0001.
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The United Kingdom should now be understood as a counter-terrorist state, that is a state in which counter-terrorism law, policy, discourse, and operations are mainstreamed across the domains of law and government in forms that are conceptualised and designed as ‘permanent’ in at least some cases; in which non-state actors are responsibilised for counter-terrorism; and in which all persons are the subjects of counter-terrorism, although not to equal degrees. This book argues that counter-terrorism review—which it defines as the legal, political, and policy processes that consider the application and impacts of counter-terrorism law and policy in theory as well as in practice, with a view to assessing its merits and contributing towards its improvement—has the capacity to enhance accountability in the counter-terrorist state. Building on exclusive interviews with political actors and practitioners, as well as detailed empirical analysis of existing reviews—it presents the first comprehensive, critical analysis of counter-terrorism review in the United Kingdom. While this reveals substantial pockets of good practice, it also shows that the accountability enhancing potential of counter-terrorism review is limited in practice by executive domination, parliamentary limitations, persistent state secrecy, and the absence of trust in the counter-terrorist state.
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Alonso-Minutti, Ana R., Eduardo Herrera, and Alejandro L. Madrid, eds. Experimentalisms in Practice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190842741.001.0001.
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This book problematizes the notion of experimentalism as defined in conventional narratives about experimental musical practices. Contributors take a broad approach to a wide variety of Latin@ and Latin American music traditions conceived and/or perceived as experimental. The adoption of a plural “experimentalisms” points at a purposeful decentering of its usual US and Eurocentric interpretative frameworks. The case studies in this book contribute to this by challenging discourses about Latin@s and Latin Americans that have historically marginalized them. As such, the notion of “experimentalisms” works as a grouping, as a performative operation of sound, soundings, music, and musicking that gives social and historical meaning to the networks it temporarily conforms and situates. This book responds to recent efforts to reframe and reconceptualize the study of experimental music in terms of epistemological perspective and geographic scope, but also engages traditional scholarship about musical experimentalisms. Contributors provide important challenges in relation to the types of music that have been traditionally considered experimental and the reasons why scholars have adopted these perspectives. Included in this book are case studies localized in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, México, Peru, and the United States, but with frequent regional, transnational, and postnational implications. This book contributes to the current conversations about music experimentalism while providing new points of entry to further reevaluate the field.
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Galliott, Jai, Duncan MacIntosh, and Jens David Ohlin, eds. Lethal Autonomous Weapons. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197546048.001.0001.
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The question of whether new rules or regulations are required to govern, restrict, or even prohibit the use of autonomous weapons systems has been the subject of debate for the better part of a decade. Despite the claims of advocacy groups, the way ahead remains unclear since the international community has yet to agree on a specific definition of Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems, and the great powers have largely refused to support an effective ban. In this vacuum, the public has been presented with a heavily one-sided view of “Killer Robots.” This volume presents a more nuanced approach to autonomous weapon systems that recognizes the need to progress beyond a discourse framed by the Terminator and HAL 9000. Reshaping the discussion around this emerging military innovation requires a new line of thought and a willingness to challenge the orthodoxy. Lethal Autonomous Weapons: Re-Examining the Law and Ethics of Robotic Warfare therefore focuses on exploring the moral and legal issues associated with the design, development, and deployment of lethal autonomous weapons. In this volume, we bring together some of the most prominent academics and academic-practitioners in the lethal autonomous weapons space and seek to return some balance to the debate. As part of this effort, we recognize that society needs to invest in hard conversations that tackle the ethics, morality, and law of these new digital technologies and understand the human role in their creation and operation.
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Bain, William. Political Theology of International Order. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859901.001.0001.
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This book investigates presuppositions of international order that originate in medieval theology. Part I examines rival conceptions of order that emerged out of a medieval dispute about the nature of God and the extent of his power. The theory of immanent order refers to an interconnected whole that imparts a rationally intelligible pattern of right order. The theory of imposed order refers to a contingent arrangement, established by will and artifice or the operation of an impersonal mechanism, which accommodates numerous patterns that can be made and unmade. Part II investigates the assimilation of medieval theological ideas in the thought of three emblematic thinkers: Martin Luther, Hugo Grotius, and Thomas Hobbes. This challenges the narrative of progressive secularization characterizing most international thought. Particular emphasis is placed on the transition from medieval to modern. The claim here is that continuity describes this transition as persuasively as the more familiar discourse of change. Part III uncovers a theological inheritance that shapes modern theories of international order. The language of system and society, as well as anarchy, balance of power, and contractual international law, reflects the intellectual commitments of nominalist theology. The conclusion explores the tension that arises from this theological inheritance in a world where God is only one of several postulates that can be called upon to fix the contingency of a constructed international order. The danger is that grounding international order in nothing more than human decision leaves what is made fundamentally indeterminate and precariously exposed to the whims of capricious power.
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Martin, Richard. Policing Human Rights. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855125.001.0001.
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Human rights are a common feature of police reform, rhetoric and regulation in many jurisdictions. Yet how human rights law might serve to regulate policing, function as a discourse for describing what police ‘do’ or perform as a critical concept for engaging with what the police role is, or ought to be, has received limited attention. This book is an endeavour to produce one of the first sustained, interdisciplinary accounts of the empirical realities of human rights law in policing. The substantive insights are drawn from unprecedented access to the Police Service of Northern Ireland. The book takes the reader on a tour of four sites of policing: the public forums host to ‘official’ police narratives, routine policing, public order policing and police custody. It seeks to better understand how and why police officers performing different aspects of policing, operating in distinct regulatory sites and enacting their own identities and experiences, come to encounter and engage with human rights law in their everyday work. The book aspires to embrace criminology’s interdisciplinary spirit, drawing on concepts from criminology itself, as well as law, anthropology, sociology and organizational studies, to illuminate the empirical realities of human rights law. It offers a series of findings and insights that expose how human rights law functions in modern policing, and the histories, imaginations, visions and values police officers’ express in narratives, sensemaking and practices of routine police work.
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Zahl, Simeon. The Holy Spirit and Christian Experience. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827788.001.0001.
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This book presents a fresh vision for Christian theology that foregrounds the relationship between theological ideas and the experiences of Christians. It argues that theology is always operating in a vibrant landscape of feeling and desiring, and shows that contemporary theology has often operated in problematic isolation from these experiential dynamics. It then argues that a theologically serious doctrine of the Holy Spirit not only authorizes but requires attention to Christian experience. Against this background, the book outlines a new methodological approach to Christian theology that attends to the emotional and experiential power of theological doctrines. This methodology draws on recent interdisciplinary research on affect and emotion, which has shown that affects are powerful motivating realities that saturate all dimensions of human thinking and acting. In the process, the book also explains why contemporary theology has often been ambivalent about subjective experience, and demonstrates that current discourse about God’s activity in the world is often artificially abstracted from experience and embodiment. The book culminates in a proposal for a new experiential and pneumatological account of the theology of grace that builds on this methodology. Focusing on the work of the Holy Spirit in salvation and sanctification, it retrieves insights from Augustine, Luther, and Philip Melanchthon to present an affective and Augustinian vision of salvation as a pedagogy of desire. In articulating this vision, the book engages critically with recent emphasis on participation and theosis in Christian soteriology and charts a new path forward for Protestant theology in a landscape hitherto dominated by the theological visions of Karl Barth and Thomas Aquinas.
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Battle of Lake Erie: With notice of Commodore Elliot's conduct in that engagement. Boston: B.B. Mussey, 1986.
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The wonders of the invisible world: Observations as well historical as theological upon the nature, the number and the operations of the devils : accompany'd with I. Some accounts of the grievous molestations by dœmons and witchcrafts ... and the trials of some eminent malefactors ... II. Some counsils directing a due improvement of the terrible things lately done by the unusual & amazing range of evil spirits ... III. Some conjectures upon the great events likely to befall the world in general and New-England in particular ... IV. A short narrative of a late outrage committed by a knot of witches in Swedeland ... V. The devil discovered, in a brief discourse upon those temptations which are the more ordinary devices of the wicked one. Boston: Printed by Benj. Harris for Sam. Phillips, 1985.
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