Journal articles: 'Operational blocks'

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Данилов, Aleksandr Danilov, Пилеич, and A. Pileich. "Functional diagram CAD operational meteorological information." Modeling of systems and processes 6, no. 4 (January 21, 2014): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/4040.

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This article provides functional diagram CAD operational meteorological documentation from the standpoint of classical representation of CAD/CAM/CAE structures. Selected elements of program-methodical procedures: blocks of reception and processing of information, blocks of numerical calculations and development of operational information, blocks the formation of tabular and graphical information.

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Reyneri, Carla. "Operational building blocks for business process modelling." Computers in Industry 40, no. 2-3 (November 1999): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-3615(99)00018-4.

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Рыболовлева and Olga Rybolovleva. "SOCIAL MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR INSURANCE AGENTS: COMPETENCE APPROACH." Central Russian Journal of Social Sciences 10, no. 4 (June 30, 2015): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11948.

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The actual questions of staff professional development are mentioned in the article. The content of professional development of insurance agents is considered from the standpoint of competence approach. Professional, personal and social competences of insurance agents are identified. The basic blocks of social control technology of professional development of insurance agents are presented it details: target block, function block, regulatory unit, operational and procedural block, tool block, resource block. Details reveals the basic units of social control technology professional development of insurance agents: target block, a function block, the regulatory unit, operational and procedural block tool block, resource block.

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SOLIMAN, AHMED M., and AHMED H. MADIAN. "MOS-C TOW-THOMAS FILTER USING VOLTAGE OP AMP, CURRENT FEEDBACK OP AMP AND OPERATIONAL TRANSRESISTANCE AMPLIFIER." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 18, no. 01 (February 2009): 151–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126609004995.

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Several MOS-C realizations of the Tow-Thomas circuit using the commercially available voltage operational amplifier and the current feedback operational amplifier are reviewed in this paper. Additional MOS-C Tow-Thomas realizations using the operational transresistance amplifier and the differential current voltage conveyor are also included. MOS-C realizations of the Tow-Thomas circuit using CMOS operational amplifier, CMOS current feedback operational amplifier and CMOS operational transresistance amplifier are also given. Spice simulation results using 0.18 CMOS technology model from MOSIS are included together with detailed comparison tables to demonstrate the differences between MOS-C Tow-Thomas circuits using both of the commercially available active building blocks and CMOS integrated building blocks.

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Nelson, John. "Assessment of harvest blocks generated from operational polygons and forest-cover polygons in tactical and strategic planning." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 4 (April 1, 2001): 682–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x00-205.

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Manually designing harvest units for strategic planning is expensive. This paper compares blocking methods based on forest-cover polygons and manually designed harvest units. Routines are used to split and aggregate polygons into three block size distributions: (i) uniform 40-ha blocks; (ii) uniform 120-ha blocks; and (iii) by area, one-third 20 ha, one-third 60 ha, and one-third 150 ha. Three harvest rules that influence adjacency and the cutting of polygons within a block are applied to each block size distribution to compare forecasts generated by forest-cover and operational blocks. Generally, volume flows from the two methods deviate by less than 5%, and the highest deviations usually occur during the first 20 years. Projected landscape structure, as measured by interior forest area, is also similar under the two blocking methods. The results indicate that forest-cover data provide a reasonable alternative to manual blocking in tactical and strategic plans. This is significant because it removes an important barrier to timely and cost-effective planning, especially for large geographic problems where manual blocking is not an option.

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SOLIMAN, AHMED M., and AHMED H. MADIAN. "MOS-C KHN FILTER USING VOLTAGE OP AMP, CFOA, OTRA AND DCVC." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 18, no. 04 (June 2009): 733–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812660900523x.

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MOS-C realizations of the Kerwin–Huelsman–Newcomb (KHN) circuit using the commercially available Voltage Operational Amplifier (VOA) and the Current Feedback Operational Amplifier (CFOA) are reviewed in this paper. Additional MOS-C KHN realizations using the Operational Transresistance Amplifier (OTRA) and the Differential Current Voltage Conveyor (DCVC) are also included. MOS-C realizations of the KHN circuit using CMOS operational amplifier, CMOS current feedback operational amplifier and CMOS operational transresistance amplifier are also given. Spice simulation results using 0.18 CMOS technology model from MOSIS are included together with detailed comparison tables to demonstrate the differences between MOS-C KHN circuits using both of the commercially available active building blocks and CMOS integrated building blocks. A comparison with the Gm-C KHN circuit is also included.

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Popov, A. L. "UNIVERSAL INFORMATION BLOCKS AS PART OF THE DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF THE OPERATIONAL DUTY SHIFT OF THE СONTROL СENTER IN CRISIS SITUATIONS." Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences 46, no. 1 (July 16, 2019): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2019-46-1-142-151.

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Objectives. The aim of the study is to develop a set of interconnected information blocks for the formation, subsequent processing and application of data in the preparation of reporting and functional documents.Method. The choice of regularly used templates as a basis for the development of information blocks. Based on the structure and forms of the selected templates, software modules for information block interfaces have been developed.Result. Based on the results of identifying and analyzing problematic issues in the activities of the operational duty shift for the automation and intellectualization of the activities of specialists, the idea of developing and using universal information blocks as part of a database management system for automated workplaces was proposed. Interfaces of information blocks are included in the composition of each workstation and provide for the processes of: entering, changing, searching and filtering data; Previewing, printing and saving documents. In the development of algorithms, original software solutions were applied: combining data prepared by several specialists, generating document details, transferring information between different workstations, monitoring the availability of documents, accessing the necessary reference information.Conclusion. The introduction of the developed information blocks: “Schedule of SLM duty”, “Requisites”, “Journal of Carriage of Duty”, “Control”, “Reference book” into the complex of automated workplaces of operational duty shift in the Crisis Management Center allows you to refuse as a result of automation from manual filling of text templates and, as a result, reduce labor intensity, increase resource and improve the quality of preparation of operational reporting documents in the event of accidents, emergencies, fires and functions national documents in the mode of daily activities in accordance with the regulatory, job and functional duties of specialists.

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Qiu, Ya Ling, Shi Bin Li, Hui Luo, Ping Yu, and Sheng Xian Liu. "Speed Detection of Rig Lifting System." Advanced Materials Research 337 (September 2011): 503–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.337.503.

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Currently, speed detection of travelling block system is carried out mainly by detection roller speed, which results in a larger error. Against this background, a method to test crown block pulley was put forward, and its rotation speed precision and also its reliability were analyzed. The method is effective in improving detection accuracy and avoiding errors arising from skidding on the basis of applying the principle that rotation speed ratio of different fixed blocks is a constant value, thus judging the occurring of slipping by examining rotation speed for different fixed pulley. This method provides a guarantee for accurately controlling travelling blocks operational speed and height.

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Stratiy, Paul, Anastasia Melnikova, Ilya Klykov, and Aleksandr Russkiy. "Masonry using “Termo Blok” blocks." E3S Web of Conferences 91 (2019): 02022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199102022.

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The following article reviews a new masonry energy-efficient erection technology using hollow blocks termosblocks, which provides construction of vertically continuous and horizontally intermittent insulating layer. Thermal insolent insets are placed inside the inner cavities of the block. The study is aimed to establish the boundaries of using this technology. Therefore, central compression tests were conducted in order to determine the tensile strength of the block. Also, a reduced thermal resistance and energy-efficiency of a masonry fragment was calculated. In order to verify thermal engineering model, an experiment was conducted in which the temperature inside the structure was measured using contact temperature sensors. Additional control of temperature fields spreading was proceeded using thermal imager. On the basis of the obtained data, termosblocks masonry operational characteristics were estimated, and the study result was defined.

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Krot, A., Viktoriya A. Ryazanova, Azat I. Gabitov, Askar M. Gaisin, and Anastasiya R. Chernova. "Operational Reliability of Exterior Walls of Buildings." Materials Science Forum 968 (August 2019): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.968.317.

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Problem of heat insulation and reliability of enclosing structures of buildings is the current issue nowadays due to strict requirements thereto. Protection of exterior walls of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks against negative impacts may be achieved by waterproof plastering combining decorative function either, i.e. decorative and protective system. Such system is possessing hydrophobic properties protecting against inflow of rainwater and condensate accumulating in the wall surface during seasonal periods. Application of decorative and protective “Baumit” system has been tested in heat efficient walls of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks in the Republic of Bashkortostan. It has been found that after several years of operating the protective system revealed no failures, and the wall has proved to be reliable as to heat protection, indoor conditions and interior surface of the walls.

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Fleming, Richard A., and Kees van Frankenhuyzen. "FORECASTING THE EFFICACY OF OPERATIONAL BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS BERLINER APPLICATIONS AGAINST SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA CLEMENS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), USING DOSE INGESTION DATA: INITIAL MODELS." Canadian Entomologist 124, no. 6 (December 1992): 1101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent1241101-6.

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AbstractSingle aerial applications of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) to control infestations of the eastern spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens) have had varied operational success. Double applications are too expensive for general use, but might prove useful if directed to areas where the initial application was unsuccessful. This requires forecasts of the efficacy of the initial application in operational spray blocks within 4–5 days.Data were collected in 30 spray blocks in 1989 in a feasibility study to determine if such forecasts of spray efficacy could be made from the prespray budworm population density, N0, and from the proportion of the population that had ingested a lethal dose Bt within 2 days of application, M. A mathematical model forecasting the postspray budworm population density, NF, was derived from population-dynamic considerations and fitted (r2 = 0.48, p < 0.0001):The proportion of current foliage defoliated, D, depended (r = 0.81) on N0 and on whether the block was sprayed (I = 0) or not (I = 1):Only one measure of defoliation involved M in any statistically significant way. The predicted (from values of N0) proportion of defoliation prevented by Bt application, dD, was weakly (r2 = 0.25, p = 0.002) related to M:The large proportion of the variation in efficacy that remains unexplained by the models involving M limits the operational utility of this approach as it now stands for specific sites. The potential for further development of these models as decision support tools for fairly large spray blocks is discussed in terms of improving the sampling plan and including additional predictor variables.Methods are also presented that reduce bias in calculations of population reduction (Abbott 1925) and foliage protection when data are available from few control and many treatment blocks.

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Dong, Fang, Hoda Parvin, Mark P. Van Oyen, and David J. Singer. "Innovative Ship Block Assembly Production Control Using a Flexible Curved Block Job Shop." Journal of Ship Production 25, no. 04 (November 1, 2009): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2009.25.4.206.

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Operational flexibility is a powerful but complex strategy that is increasingly used in manufacturing and service industries. We introduce operational flexibility to ship production as a method to alleviate the effects of delays that ultimately create issues such as high cost, high variability in production workload, ineffective production control, and resultant low facility use. Our emphasis is on how incorporating a flexible curved block job shop can, with appropriate control/scheduling, increase the efficiency and timeliness of the block assembly process for both flat and curved blocks and enhance the robustness of the shipbuilding system. We formulate a stochastic model of our approach, as a flexible controlled queuing network in particular, and we provide a simulation test bed to quantify the value of this flexibility.

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Hassi, Seppo, Jean-Philippe Labrousse, and Henk de Snoo. "Operational calculus for rows, columns, and blocks of linear relations." Advances in Operator Theory 5, no. 3 (June 22, 2020): 1193–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43036-020-00085-3.

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Gao, Fulin, Shuai Tan, Hongbo Shi, and Zheng Mu. "A status-relevant blocks fusion approach for operational status monitoring." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 106 (November 2021): 104455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2021.104455.

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Senani, Raj, Data Ram Bhaskar, and Ajishek Raj. "Inverse Analog Filters: History, Progress and Unresolved Issues." Electronics 11, no. 6 (March 8, 2022): 841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11060841.

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This paper traces the history of the evolution of inverse analog filters (IAF) and presents a review of the progress made in this area to date. The paper, thus, presents the current state-of-the art of IAFs by providing an appraisal of a variety of realizations of IAFs using commercially available active building blocks (ABB), such as operational amplifiers (Op-amp), operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA), current conveyors (CC) and current feedback operational amplifiers (CFOA) as well as those realized with newer active building blocks of more recent origin, such as operational transresistance amplifiers (OTRA), current differencing buffered amplifiers (CDBA) and variants of current conveyors which, although not available as off-the-shelf ICs yet, can be implemented as complementary metal–oxide–semiconductors (CMOS) or be realized in discrete form using other commercially available integrated circuits (IC). In the end, some issues related to IAFs have been highlighted which need further investigation.

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CHEONG, PHILLIP N., and R. P. MARTINS. "INTERACTIVE IIR SC MULTIRATE COMPILER APPLIED TO MULTISTAGE DECIMATOR DESIGN." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 16, no. 04 (August 2007): 517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126607003770.

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This paper proposes an interactive architecture compiler for SC multirate circuits that allows the automated design from the frequency specifications to the building block implementation, applied to the design and synthesis of multistage SC decimators. The compiler provides a library of different topologies that comprises a few independent multi-decimation building blocks. New building blocks defined by the users are also available for the design of a specific stage. A design example of a 7th order SC decimator illustrates the efficient synthesis of the corresponding resulting circuits that achieve the required anti-aliasing amplitude responses with respect to the speed requirements of the operational amplifiers and also the minimum capacitance spread and total capacitor area.

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Mota, A. "Forms of prevention of illegal migration by the State Border Service of Ukraine." Scientific and informational bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk University of Law named after King Danylo Halytskyi, no. 11(23) (June 11, 2021): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33098/2078-6670.2021.11.23.79-87.

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Purpose. The purpose of the work is to analyze the theoretical and regulatory provisions relating to the definition of forms of preventive action to combat illegal migration and used in the protection of the state border. Methodology. The method covers the application of general theoretical and special methods of scientific knowledge aimed at processing the conclusions of the study. The dialectical method, system analysis, classification and grouping methods, as well as the sociological method are used in the work. Results. The use of the most appropriate and lawful preventive measures is associated with the definition of a scientifically sound system of crime prevention, detailed structural characteristics of which in the activities of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine to combat illegal migration are covered by two main blocks: procedural and operational. The procedural block concentrates such forms as operative-search activity, proceedings in cases of administrative offenses, proceedings on the application of forced return, forced expulsion and readmission of foreigners or stateless persons. The operational-service block covers the following forms: border service, border control, operational-search and information-analytical activity, engineering-technical control, complex preventive measures (operations). Scientific novelty. According to the results of the research, the system of forms of crime prevention in the activity of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine on counteraction to illegal migration is substantiated, which envisages procedural and operational-service blocks. Forms of the procedural block of prevention of illegal migration are characterized by the impact on the offense, which has a preventive value, as well as the focus on the restoration of the disturbed state. Operational and official forms of prevention of illegal migration are designed to prevent offenses, as well as their detection to ensure an appropriate procedural response. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in research work for further study of general and special issues of improving the fight against illegal migration, in the field of lawmaking - to improve the current administrative and migration legislation of Ukraine, in the educational process during the organization of educational activities and teaching administrative law. cycle, in law enforcement - to increase the efficiency of bodies and units of state border protection.

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Tariq, Zeeshan, Mohamed A. Mahmoud, A. Abdulraheem, Ayman Al-Nakhli, and Mohammed BaTaweel. "An Experimental Study to Reduce the Fracture Pressure of High Strength Rocks Using a Novel Thermochemical Fracturing Approach." Geofluids 2019 (August 19, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1904565.

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Current oil prices and global financial situations underline the need for the best engineering practices to recover remaining oil from unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs. These hydrocarbon reservoirs are mostly situated in deep and overpressured formations, with high rock strength and integrity. Breakdown pressure of the rock is a function of their tensile strength and in situ stresses acting on them. Fracturing stimulation techniques become challenging when treating these types of rocks, and many cases approached to the operational limits. This leaves a small operational window to initiate and place hydraulic fractures. In this study, a new methodology to reduce the breakdown pressure of the high stressed rock is presented. The new method enables the fracturing of high stressed rocks more economically and efficiently. Fracturing experiments were carried out on different blocks, and the breakdown pressure was measured by creating a simulated borehole at the center of the block. Thermochemical fluids were injected to create the microfractures. These microfractures improved the permeability and porosity and reduced the elastic strength of the subjected samples prior to the main hydraulic fracturing job. The posttreatment experimental analysis confirmed the presence of microfractures which were originated due to the pressure pulse generated from the thermochemical reaction. The results of this study showed that the newly formulated method of thermochemical fracturing reduced the breakdown pressure by 38% in slim borehole blocks and 60% in large borehole blocks. Results also showed that the breakdown time to initiate the fractures was reduced to 19% in slim borehole blocks and 17% in large borehole blocks. The reduction in breakdown pressure and breakdown time happened due to the creation of microfractures by the pressure rise phenomenon in a new thermochemical fracturing approach.

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Diaz de Rivera, Adrian, C. Tyler Dick, and Leonel E. Evans. "Improving Railway Operational Efficiency with Moving Blocks, Train Fleeting, and Alternative Single-Track Configurations." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 2 (February 2020): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120905842.

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With installation of positive train control (PTC) on many U.S. rail corridors, Class I railroads may soon leverage these investments in communications network infrastructure to implement “advanced PTC” systems incorporating moving blocks. Train control with moving blocks can benefit operating strategies that dispatch fleets of multiple trains running at minimum headways. On single-track corridors with passing sidings long enough to hold multiple trains, fleeting may increase the efficiency of train meets, reduce train delay, and yield incremental capacity benefits. Alternative single-track configurations with fleet-length sidings at double the spacing of conventional single-train sidings can facilitate these operating strategies while minimizing additional track infrastructure and associated capital and maintenance costs. To investigate the operational synergies between moving blocks, fleeting, and longer but less frequent sidings, Rail Traffic Controller software is used to simulate and compare the delay performance of train operations on representative rail corridors for different combinations of fleeting strategy, train control system, siding configuration, and freight traffic composition. Operating fleets in conjunction with moving blocks produces the lowest overall train delay in specific cases of low schedule flexibility and heterogeneous traffic. With more efficient meets, moving blocks and/or fleeting primarily benefit low priority trains that typically wait for opposing traffic during train meets. Such incremental line capacity benefits have short-term financial consequences as they allow additional capital investments in double track to be deferred. Knowledge of train delay performance under moving blocks and fleeting will aid railway practitioners evaluating investments in advanced PTC systems and track infrastructure expansion.

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ShMIGOL', V. V., and M. D. ChERNOSVITOV. "ABOUT CALCULATING ESTIMATED COSTS AT DESIGNING PUMPING PLANTS FOR BLOCKS." Urban construction and architecture 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2012): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2012.01.11.

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Four variants of determining calculative costs for designing pump stations are compared. It is found that at designing one should use the operational norm of water consumption got on the bases of the existing operating block pump station.

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Blanchard, Samuel D., and Paul Waddell. "Assessment of Regional Transit Accessibility in the San Francisco Bay Area of California with UrbanAccess." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2654, no. 1 (January 2017): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2654-06.

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Accessibility is an important metric in regional transportation and land use planning and as a component in equity analyses. Accessibility in the San Francisco Bay Area of California was characterized with a new multimodal network accessibility tool, UrbanAccess. Accessibility was measured with open pedestrian and operational schedule transit network data at the Census block level across a large metropolitan extent. In addition, a framework was developed to assess changes in accessibility that resulted from alternative transit network structures. Results indicated that accessibility to jobs in the Bay Area was relatively high by walking and by taking transit. However, accessibility varied significantly by annual household income and geography. Disparities in job accessibility were most pronounced between Census blocks that were in poverty and Census blocks that were not in poverty.

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Krämer, Lea, and Lídia del Rio. "Operational locality in global theories." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376, no. 2123 (May 28, 2018): 20170321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0321.

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Within a global physical theory, a notion of locality allows us to find and justify information-processing primitives, like non-signalling between distant agents. Here, we propose exploring the opposite direction: to take agents as the basic building blocks through which we test a physical theory, and recover operational notions of locality from signalling conditions. First, we introduce an operational model for the effective state spaces of individual agents, as well as the range of their actions. We then formulate natural secrecy conditions between agents and identify the aspects of locality relevant for signalling. We discuss the possibility of taking commutation of transformations as a primitive of physical theories, as well as applications to quantum theory and generalized probability frameworks. This ‘it from bit’ approach establishes an operational connection between local actions and local observations, and gives a global interpretation to concepts like discarding a subsystem or composing local functions. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Foundations of quantum mechanics and their impact on contemporary society’.

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Hansjoerg, Albrecher, and Goffard Pierre-Olivier. "On the Profitability of Selfish Blockchain Mining Under Consideration of Ruin." Operations Research 70, no. 1 (January 2022): 179–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.2021.2169.

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Mining blocks on a blockchain equipped with a proof of work consensus protocol is well known to be resource consuming. A miner bears the operational cost, mainly electricity consumption and IT gear, of mining and is compensated by a capital gain when a block is discovered. This paper aims at quantifying the profitability of mining when the possible event of ruin is also considered. This is done by formulating a tractable stochastic model and using tools from applied probability and analysis, including the explicit solution of a certain type of advanced functional differential equation. The expected profit at a future time point is determined for the situation when the miner follows the protocol as well as when the miner withholds blocks. The obtained explicit expressions allow us to analyze the sensitivity with respect to the different model components and to identify conditions under which selfish mining is a strategic advantage.

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Jamnick, Mark S., and Karl R. Walters. "Spatial and temporal allocation of stratum-based harvest schedules." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): 402–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x93-058.

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Stratum-based timber harvest schedules must be disaggregated into operational plans prior to implementation. In most cases this is an expensive and time-consuming manual task that does not ensure consistency between the long-term harvest schedule and short-term operational activities. This paper presents the results of applying the CRYSTAL algorithm, which automates the disaggregation and allocation of a stratum-based harvest schedule into harvest blocks, to a small forest in New Brunswick. The results indicate that it is possible to use a set of allocation guidelines to quickly delineate harvest blocks in a consistent, reproducible manner. We also discuss how the algorithm is used in conjunction with a Monte Carlo integer programming model to estimate the potential losses in timber harvest volumes attributable to deviations from the stratum-based schedule and the addition of adjacency constraints.

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McLay, Justin, Craig H. Bishop, and Carolyn A. Reynolds. "A Local Formulation of the Ensemble Transform (ET) Analysis Perturbation Scheme." Weather and Forecasting 25, no. 3 (June 1, 2010): 985–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010waf2222359.1.

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Abstract Following ideas from the local ensemble transform Kalman filter, a local formulation of the ensemble transform (ET) analysis perturbation scheme is developed by partitioning the numerical weather prediction model domain into latitude bands or latitude–longitude blocks. In comparison with analysis perturbations from the original “global” ET formulation, analysis perturbations from the “banded” or “block” ET formulations are much more consistent with estimates of analysis error variance. Banded or block ET forecast ensembles also perform better under a variety of verification metrics than do global ET forecast ensembles. Substantial performance gains are observed for both the midlatitudes and the tropics. A local ET is scheduled to be made operational at the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center.

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Lopes, Arthur Gabriel Caldas, Tiago Pereira da Silva Correia, Gabriel Pastor de Barros Lima, Isabela Dias de Souza, Wesley Matheus Cordeiro Fulgêncio Taveira, and Gabriela Greice Pereira. "OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF AN AGRICULTURAL TRACTOR UNDER DIFFERENT TIRE INFLATION PRESSURES IN THE SUBSOILING OPERATION." JOURNAL OF NEOTROPICAL AGRICULTURE 7, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32404/rean.v7i4.4878.

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For the agricultural tractor's best performance, it must be correctly adapted to the job. Among other factors, the adequacy of tire inflation pressure is one of the most important and may influence the operation's efficiency and productivity. This study aimed to evaluate an agricultural tractor's operational performance with different tire inflation pressures in the subsoiling operation. The study was carried out in an experimental area of the Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization Laboratory of the experimental farm “Água Limpa,” belonging to the University of Brasília. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks with the following values, 206.8 kPa (30 psi), 137.9 kPa (20 psi), and 68.9 kPa (10 psi), of inflation pressure for agricultural tractor tires. The mechanized set used was a tractor model TM7020 2WD MFWD pulling a subsoiler with five shanks, SPCR model, in a Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo. The higher inflation pressure resulted in greater slippage, advance, hourly fuel consumption, and lower speed and operational field capacity.

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Lebedinsky, S. G., and O. V. Naumov. "Evaluation of the threshold for the development of fatigue cracks in a railway steel under harmonic and operational loading." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 87, no. 12 (December 18, 2021): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2021-87-12-49-54.

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The results of experimental studies of the fatigue crack development in 20GFL steel specimens cut from a cast bolster of a freight car are presented. The ratio of the threshold stress intensity coefficient Kth determined from the kinetic diagram of fatigue fracture and from the average parameters of the operational loading process is considered using the experimental results with a simulation of operational loading. Tests were carried out upon the development of permanent blocks of crack opening in the specimen (in a rigid loading mode). The operational process is presented in the form of a block of consecutive loading cycles recorded during the test of the car frame in conditions typical for a straight section of the railway track. The threshold operational level is determined by the algorithm of gradual reduction of the loading similar to the original process. The regularities in a decrease of the rate of crack development and corresponding decrease in the load were determined. Subsequent extrapolation of the obtained experimental regularities to zero value of the crack propagation rate provided estimation of the threshold loading level, similar to the initially specified value. It is shown that the value of the threshold level of the fatigue crack development in low-alloy steel 20GFL obtained from the fatigue fracture diagram (i.e., under harmonic loading) is significantly higher than that obtained from the estimate based on the average values of the operational loading process. The considered model of operational loading gives greater damage compared to harmonic loading, on the basis of which the survivability of structural elements is usually assessed.

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SHARMA, R. K., R. SENANI, D. R. BHASKAR, A. K. SINGH, and S. S. GUPTA. "ELECTRONICALLY-CONTROLLABLE FLOATING INDUCTOR USING OPERATIONAL MIRRORED AMPLIFIER." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 18, no. 01 (February 2009): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126609004922.

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The operational mirrored amplifiers (OMA) were introduced as useful building blocks for facilitating an easy realization of floating impedances (in conjunction with RC elements) as compared to other approaches of floating impedance simulation. In this paper, we present a new formulation, for realizing a floating inductance (FI) using an OMA which takes into account the dominant pole of the op-amp employed in the OMA and hence, does not require any external capacitor. Moreover, when the only external resistor employed is replaced by an electronically-controlled resistance, the resulting circuit permits an electronically controllable floating inductance. The workability of the proposed FI has been demonstrated by PSPICE simulations.

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Correia, Tiago Pereira da Silva, Arthur Gabriel Caldas Lopes, Leandro Augusto Felix Tavares, Wesley Matheus Cordeiro Fulgêncio Taveira, and Paulo Roberto Arbex Silva. "DESEMPENHO OPERACIONAL E DISTRIBUIÇÃO LONGITUDINAL DE SEMENTES POR SEMEADORA DE PRECISÃO SUBMETIDA À DIFERENTES CALIBRAGENS DO RODADO." Nativa 8, no. 5 (November 16, 2020): 679–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v8i5.10480.

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As regulagens da semeadora-adubadora são cruciais para a correta distribuição dos insumos, melhorando assim o desempenho operacional. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a distribuição longitudinal de sementes e o desempenho operacional de uma semeadora-adubadora de precisão em função de diferentes pressões de insuflagem dos pneumáticos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, sendo os tratamentos três pressões de insuflagem dos pneus (138, 241 e 345 kPa), repetidos em seis blocos, totalizando 18 parcelas de 60 m de comprimento e 4,5 m de largura cada. Realizou-se avaliações de consumo de combustível horário (Chc), velocidade operacional (V), deslizamento dos pneus (DP), capacidade de campo operacional (Cco), distância entre sementes (DES), coeficiente de variação do espaçamento entre sementes (CVes) e índice de precisão da distribuição (IP). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (P ≤ 0,05). Os resultados indicaram maior Chc e DP pela pressão 345 kPa. Menor falha, dupla, CVes, e maior IP, foram obtidos pela pressão 241 kPa. Cco não diferiu. Salienta-se que para cada tipo de máquina e condição de superfície do solo, seja necessário o refinamento da pressão dos pneus e regulagens da máquina. Palavras-chave: pressão; insuflagem; consumo de combustível; patinagem; plantabilidade. Operational performance and longitudinal distribution of seeds by precision seeder submitted to different calibrations of the wheel ABSTRACT: The settings of the seeder-fertilizer are crucial for the correct distribution of inputs, thus improving operational performance. The objective of the work was to evaluate the longitudinal distribution of seeds and the operational performance of a precision seed drill-fertilizer in function of different tire insufflation pressures. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with three tire insufflation pressures from the seeder-fertilizer (138, 241 and 345 kPa), repeated in six blocks, totaling 18 plots of 60 m long and 4.5 m wide each. Hourly fuel consumption (Chc), operational speed (V), tire slip (DP), operational field capacity (Cco), distance between seeds (DES), variation coefficient of spacing between seeds were performed (CVes) and distribution accuracy index (IP). The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by the Tukey test (P ≤ 0.05). The results indicated higher Chc and DP by the 345 kPa pressure. Minor failure, double, CVes, and higher IP, were obtained by pressure 241 kPa. Cco did not differ. It should be noted that for each type of machine and soil surface condition, refinement of tire pressure and machine adjustments is necessary. Keywords: pressure; insufflation; fuel consumption; skating; plantability.

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Wang, Bin, and Tao Yang. "Multi-Objective Optimization Model of Export and Transit Containers Storage in a Transshipment Port Yard." Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (November 2012): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.272.

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To effectively improve the competitiveness of port enterprises, container yard stacking optimization is an important way to raise their benefit. A multi-objective optimization model for containers stacking in the storage yard based on 0-1mixed integer programming is built to improve its efficiency. The objective function is to minimize the number of yard cranes used in the storage yard and balance the workload among different blocks during the planning period. The decision variables include the number of transit and export containers assigned to yard-bits, yard cranes distributed to blocks, yard-bits with high and low workload in a block. The constraints include meeting the shipping requirement, storage capacity and operational capacity of yard cranes. A numerical example is given and solved by Lingo9.0. The simulation is done to recover the relation between workload level and the number of yard crane used and the workload balance. The model can be used to yard stacking management and lift its level for a transshipment port.

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Švec, O., L. Bílek, J. Remeš, and Z. Vacek. "Analysis of operational approach during forest transformation in Klokočná Range, Central Bohemia." Journal of Forest Science 61, No. 4 (June 3, 2016): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/102/2014-jfs.

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Afforestation of agricultural lands may be in many cases a positive step. Especially, it is a beneficial with waterlogged soils, stony soils or for soils which are for any other reason less fertile and unsuitable for farming. Even too in the agricultural landscape, afforestation can be very important by the breaking of large farm blocks by windbreakers and bio-corridors. The value, quality and fertility of soil can be assessed in different ways. The aim of this study is to determine the criteria for the identification of agricultural land suitable for afforestation. This evaluation process is based on Evaluated Soil Ecological Units (BPEJ) that are publicly available and already processed for all agricultural land. The results are represented by complete list of Evaluated Soil Ecological Units that are suitable for afforestation with stating the reason why they were chosen.

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Lakshmanan, S. K., and A. Koenig. "Towards a generic operational amplifier with dynamic reconfiguration capability." Advances in Radio Science 4 (September 6, 2006): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-4-259-2006.

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Abstract. Analog and analog-digital mixed signal electronics needed for sensor systems are indispensable components which tend to drifts from the normal phase of operation due to the impact of manufacturing conditions and environmental influences like etching, aging etc. Precise design methodology, trimming / calibration are essential to restore functionality of the system. Recent block level granular approaches using Field Programmable Analog Array and the more recent approaches from evolutionary electronics providing transistor level granularity using Field Programmable Transistor Arrays offers considerable extensions. In our work, we started on a new medium granular level approach called Field Programmable medium-granular Mixed-signal Array (FPMA) providing basic building blocks of heterogeneous array of active and passive devices to configure established circuit structures which are adaptive, biologically inspired and dynamically re-configurable. Our design objective is to create components of clear compatibility to that of the industrial standards having predictable behavior along with the incorporation of existing design knowledge. The cells can be used in as a single instance or multiple instances. Further, we will focus on a generic dynamic reconfigurable amplifier cell with flexible topology and dimension called Generic Operational Amplifier (GOPA). The incentive of our work comes from recent development in the field of measurement and instrumentation. The digital programming of analog devices is carried out using range of algorithms from simple to evolutionary. Physical realization of the basic cells is carried out in 0.35 μm CMOS technology.

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Tsukano, K., and T. Inoue. "Synthesis of operational transconductance amplifier-based analog fuzzy functional blocks and its application." IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems 3, no. 1 (1995): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/91.366571.

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Morewood, P., W. D. Morewood, R. G. Bennett, and G. Gries. "Potential for pheromone-baited traps to predict seed loss caused by Contarinia oregonensis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)." Canadian Entomologist 134, no. 5 (October 2002): 689–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent134689-5.

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AbstractIn seed orchards of Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco (Pinaceae), located in Washington State and Oregon, United States, we tested whether catches of male Douglas-fir cone gall midges, Contarinia oregonensis Foote, in pheromone-baited traps can be used to predict the extent of galled scales (= seed loss at harvest) caused by developing larvae. In 2000, 27 experimental blocks (4–7 ha each) were selected. In each block we recorded mean numbers of (i) male C. oregonensis captured in 20 pheromone-baited Wing traps, (ii) egg-infested scales in up to 50 conelets in early spring, and (iii) galled scales in up to 50 cones in late summer. In 2001, the experiment was repeated with 20 Delta traps in each of 26 experimental blocks. Moreover, catches of C. oregonensis and nontarget insects in Delta traps and Wing traps were compared in one additional orchard block in 2001. In both years there were positive correlations between mean numbers of egg-infested and galled scales and between mean numbers of captured male C. oregonensis and mean numbers of both egg-infested and galled scales, particularly when only experimental blocks with ≥50% of trees bearing at least 5 conelets were considered. Our results suggest that 4 or 2 captured male C. oregonensis in Wing or Delta traps, respectively, warrant insecticidal control of C. oregonensis. Delta traps, which captured fewer nontarget insects, would be more suitable than Wing traps for operational implementation of this technology.

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Prause, Gunnar, and Meike Schröder. "KPI Building Blocks For Successful Green Transport Corridor Implementation." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 16, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 277–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ttj-2015-0025.

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Abstract The green transport corridor concept represents a cornerstone in the development of integrated and sustainable transport solutions. Important properties of green corridors are their transnational character and their high involvement of large numbers of public and private stakeholders, including political level, requiring sophisticated approaches for implementation, management and governance. The current scientific discussion focusses on Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for monitoring and management of green transport corridor performance emphasizing the operational aspects. The green corridor balanced scorecard approach tried to mitigate the strategic weakness of KPI concept by integrating cooperative and long-term views in order to come closer to a comprehensive green corridor control system. Until now all discussed KPI sets are too small and narrow for a successful implementation of green corridors so there is a need for the development of an user-oriented model for green corridor control systems based on building blocks integrating existing KPI sets. The building block approach for implementation has been successfully used for implementation and simulation in supply chain management. Based on these results the paper will present a holistic control system for successful implementation of green transport corridors based on building blocks integrating recent results about KPIs and balanced scorecards approaches. The research will empirically be verified by empirical results from European green corridor projects.

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Wang, Bin, and Tao Yang. "Multi-Objective and Stochastic Optimization Model of Transit Containers Storage in a Transshipment Port Yard." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 2680–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.2680.

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The load/unload task in a transshipment port yard is more heavy and the time requirmement is more tight than an export port.A multi-objective and stochastic programming optimization model for containers stacking in the storage yard of a transshipment port is built to improve its efficiency. The objective function is to minimize the number of yard cranes used in the storage yard and balance the workload among different blocks during the planning period. The decision variables include the number of transit containers assigned to yard-bits, yard cranes distributed to blocks, yard-bits with high and low workload in a block. The constraints include meeting the shipping requirement, storage capacity and operational capacity of yard cranes. The numbers of transit containers are stochastic.The model is tranfered into an integer programming and solved by Lingo9.0. The simulation is done to recover the relation between workload level and the number of yard crane used and the workload balance. The model can be used to yard stacking management and lift its level for a transshipment port.

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ARJUNA MADANAYAKE, H. L. P., R. J. CINTRA, V. S. DIMITROV, and L. T. BRUTON. "BLOCK-PARALLEL SYSTOLIC-ARRAY ARCHITECTURE FOR 2-D NTT-BASED FRAGILE WATERMARK EMBEDDING." Parallel Processing Letters 22, no. 03 (July 8, 2012): 1250009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626412500090.

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Number-theoretic transforms (NTTs) have been applied in the fragile watermarking of digital images. A block-parallel systolic-array architecture is proposed for watermarking based on the 2-D special Hartley NTT (HNTT). The proposed core employs two 2-D special HNTT hardware cores, each using digital arithmetic over GF(3), and processes 4 × 4 blocks of pixels in parallel every clock cycle. Prototypes are operational on a Xilinx Sx35-10ff668 FPGA device. The maximum estimated throughput of the FPGA circuit is 100 million 4 × 4 HNTT fragile watermarked blocks per second, when clocked at 100 MHz. Potential applications exist in high-traffic back-end servers dealing with large amounts of protected digital images requiring authentication, in remote-sensing for high-security surveillance applications, in real-time video processing of information of a sensitive nature or matters of national security, in video/photographic content management of corporate clients, in authenticating multimedia for the entertainment industry, in the authentication of electronic evidence material, and in real-time news streaming.

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Thompson, D. G., D. G. Pitt, R. A. Fleming, and E. G. Kettela. "Glyphosate efficacy on eastern Canadian forest weeds. Part I: experimental design and on-target deposit." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 8 (August 1, 1992): 1151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-153.

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Experimental methods and resulting on-target deposit data are presented for an operational field trial designed to evaluate glyphosate (Vision®) efficacy using two different dispersal systems (AU5000 Micronairs® and conventional hydraulic nozzles). A range of glyphosate rates (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 kg acid equivalent per hectare) was aerially applied in a randomized complete block design to four cutover sites in New Brunswick. Formulation, tank-mix, droplet, and chemical analyses were conducted to quantify actual on-target deposit for each treatment. Data for the calibrated portion of each swath suggested that the Micronair system produced a slightly narrower drop-diameter spectrum (0–677 μm, volume median diameter = 300 μm) than the hydraulic system (0–1085 μm, volume median diameter = 425 μm). Analysis of variance and orthogonal contrasts indicated that on-target deposit for the Micronair system (average accountability = 71%) was not significantly different from that of the hydraulic system (average accountability = 82%) for three of four rates tested. Unrepresentative meteorological and site conditions affecting Micronair treatments in two blocks resulted in reduced deposit for the treatment of 1.00 kg acid equivalent per hectare. Substantial variability within treatments was observed for both dispersal systems (41 and 47% coefficient of variation for Micronair and hydraulic systems, respectively). Overall, results suggest no significant differences between the two dispersal systems (as calibrated) in terms of on-target deposit efficiency or variability. Both on-target droplet density and chemical deposit data reflected differences associated with blocks. This fact highlights the need for further studies on meteorological and operational factors on deposit.

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Yu, Lei Lin, Zhi Qiang Lu, Li Feng Xi, Zhan Wan, and Lin Li. "Modeling and Optimization on Yard Allocation Planning for Container Terminals." Advanced Materials Research 156-157 (October 2010): 540–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.540.

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The increase of container shipment causes higher demand on the seaport container terminals, container logistics and management. How to rationally allocate the limited space resources and how to improve operational efficiency, is an important subject for container terminals. In this paper, the mathematical modeling and optimization on yard allocation planning based on the mixed storage is proposed with an objective to balance the workload among different blocks and to minimize the delay of container ships. Two corresponding heuristic algorithms are developed to solve this problem. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithms are the promising tool for allocating blocks’ workload.

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Kravtsov, A. "INTEGRATED STATE VARIABLE OF PERSISTENT CONTACT JOINTS OF PARTS OF CUTTERS WITH BLOCK-MODULAR STRUCTURE." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 3(238) (April 21, 2020): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2020-3-238-31-34.

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The increase in the health of block cutters when achieving the operational characteristics of persistent contact joints of their elements is considered. The results of changes in the regulated parameters of the surface profile of the block housing using the saturation phenomenon are presented. The operational characteristics of block cutters change their values during operation, due to wear of frequently replaced parts (for example, 100 changes of cutting blocks correspond to the operating mode of contacting surfaces when normal pressure is applied at Pn = 10 MPa and relative speed of 10 m/min per 1 minute), as well as elastoplastic deformations of their elements. By these characteristics we mean the performance (rigidity of the structure, the flexibility of its parts, etc.) tools. Their change causes deviations of the specified properties of the surfaces of the parts of the cutters from the set values. Preset properties include the state of contact when irregularities in the profile of the deformable surface fill the depressions of the contacted surface. In order to minimize such deviations, it is necessary to achieve a state of the surface layer of contact pairs of elements so that these parameters stabilize (reach equilibrium values) during operation. For this, it is proposed to use the complex state variable of the surface layer for contact compounds with saturation.

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Fedorova, M. A., and V. V. Agafonov. "ENGINEERING OF OPERATIONAL BLOCKS IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF LOCAL COAL-GAS-ENERGY COMPLEX PREPARATION." MINING INFORMATIONAL AND ANALYTICAL BULLETIN 12, no. 40 (2017): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2017-12-40-3-7.

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Oehme, D., D. Jentsch, R. Riedel, and E. Müller. "Prozessbegleitende Dokumentation in Projekten*/Project-related documentation in projects." wt Werkstattstechnik online 105, no. 04 (2015): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2015-04-9.

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Motiviert durch die zunehmende Bedeutung des Projektgeschäfts und einer dennoch oft problembehafteten Projektabwicklung, wurde ein Forschungsprojekt initiiert, das die bausteinbasierte Integration von Projektplanung, -bearbeitung und -abschluss fokussiert. Das ganzheitliche Modell unterstützt durch die sinnhafte Beschreibung von Bausteinen, Prozessen sowie technischen Funktionen eine projektbegleitende Erstellung von Projektabschlussdokumentation und Projektabschlussbericht.   Project-oriented work has become increasingly important. However, many projects lack comprehensive documentation of project-related operational tasks. This paper introduces an integrative model of building blocks for project planning, execution and completion which supports project documentation and the preparation of final project reports. The model defines the essential building blocks, processes and technical functions required for a software prototype.

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Shah, Syed, Muhammad Sayyad, Karim Khan, Jinghua Sun, and Zhongyi Guo. "Application of MXenes in Perovskite Solar Cells: A Short Review." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (August 23, 2021): 2151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11082151.

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Application of MXene materials in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted considerable attention owing to their supreme electrical conductivity, excellent carrier mobility, adjustable surface functional groups, excellent transparency and superior mechanical properties. This article reviews the progress made so far in using Ti3C2Tx MXene materials in the building blocks of perovskite solar cells such as electrodes, hole transport layer (HTL), electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite photoactive layer. Moreover, we provide an outlook on the exciting opportunities this recently developed field offers, and the challenges faced in effectively incorporating MXene materials in the building blocks of PSCs for better operational stability and enhanced performance.

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Aparecido da Silva Braga, Rodrigo, Paulo Marcio Moreira e Silva, and Dean Bicudo Karolak. "Are CMOS Operational Transconductance Amplifiers Old Fashioned? A Systematic Review." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 17, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v17i1.574.

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Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTAs) are essential building blocks in analog circuits. Since the early years of integrated circuit science, OTAs have been used in industry and researched in academia. Over the years, a number of techniques and approaches to OTA design have been observed in the literature. With this systematic review, we aim to provide a overview of top journal papers published from 2017 to 2021 containing OTA design. In our investigation we initially found 128 manuscripts and 24 primary studies of OTA design. A set of 10 different techniques have been found. Furthermore, we also evaluate used technology, inversion level and characterization process. With this study we contribute to highlight recent OTA design innovations.

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Gowdagere, Vasudeva, and Uma Bidikinamane Venkataramanaiah. "Operational transconductance amplifier-based comparator for high frequency applications using 22 nm FinFET technology." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 2158. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp2158-2168.

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<p><span>Fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) based analog circuits are gaining importance over metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) based circuits with stability and high frequency operations. Comparator that forms the sub block of most of the analog circuits is designed using operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). The OTA is designed using new design procedures and the comparator circuit is designed integrating the sub circuits with OTA. The building blocks of the comparator design such as input level shifter, differential pair with cascode stage and class AB amplifier for output swing are designed and integrated. Folded cascode circuit is used in the feedback path to maintain the common mode input value to a constant, so that the differential pair amplifies the differential signal. The gain of the comparator is achieved to be greater than 100 dB, with phase margin of 65°, common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of above 70 dB and output swing from rail to rail. The circuit provides unity gain bandwidth of 5 GHz and is suitable for high sampling rate data converter circuits.</span></p>

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Kabanov, Alexander, Konstantin Malyshev, and Danil Vasiliev. "The improvement of ballast quarry operational efficiency on the basis of optimal provision of ballasting job operation fields." Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University, no. 4 (March 20, 2019): 536–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2018-4-536-544.

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Objective: To develop a theoretically justiﬁed methodology for transshipping process parameters determination as well as to improve ballast quarry operational efﬁciency on the basis of optimal provision of ballasting job operation ﬁelds. Methods: Operation of crushed quarries and ballasting facilities was studied through the methods of mathematical statistics as well as correlation analysis of technical and economic as well as organizational process parameters. Results: Areas of effective interaction of ballast quarries and ballasting facilities were determined. Operation lengths of shuttle-service trains running with engineering materials from loading terminal to detraining point were optimized. Effective load values of shuttle-service trains were estimated. The results are presented in table and graphic forms. Practical importance: Effective cost value area for ballast materials is recommended in contractors for practical application. Proﬁtability of deliveries from crushed quarries was improved by providing ballasting job operation ﬁelds; guidelines on bedding of lines at railway stations and station blocks were developed as well as standards for October railway were introduced.

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Moudon, Anne Vernez, Chanam Lee, Allen D. Cheadle, Cheza Garvin, Donna Johnson, Thomas L. Schmid, Robert D. Weathers, and Lin Lin. "Operational Definitions of Walkable Neighborhood: Theoretical and Empirical Insights." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 3, s1 (February 2006): S99—S117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.3.s1.s99.

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Background:The concept of walkable neighborhoods is increasingly important in physical activity research and intervention. However, limited theoretical understanding and measurable definitions remain a challenge.Methods:This paper reviews theories defining neighborhoods and offers an empirical approach to identify measurable attributes and thresholds of walkable neighborhoods. Bivariate and multivariate analyses are used for self-reported socio-demographic background, neighborhood walking behavior and perception, and objective measures of environments.Results:Environmental attributes positively associated with walking sufficiently to meet health recommendations included higher residential density and smaller street-blocks around home, and shorter distances to food and daily retail facilities from home. Threshold distances for eating/drinking establishments and grocery stores were 860 and 1445 feet.Conclusions:Results questioned theoretical constructs of neighborhoods centered on recreation and educational uses. They pointed to finer mixes of uses than those characterizing suburban neighborhoods, and small spatial units of analysis and intervention to capture and promote neighborhood walkability.

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Yadav, Vijay, Jahanara Jahanara, and Dipak Kumar Bose. "CONSTRAINTS FACED BY RESPONDENTS ON KISAN CREDIT CARD SCHEME AND SEEK THEIR SUGGESTIONS FOR BETTER SERVICES." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology 8, no. 10 (October 30, 2021): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2021.v08i10.016.

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The scheme Kisan credit card was started in August 1998 in order to provide timely and hassle free credit for the production requirements of the farmers. The main purpose of the scheme was to meet the production as well as consumption needs of the farmers. The present study was conducted in Soraon block of Prayagraj district of Uttar Pradesh. Ex-post facto research design was followed for the analysis. There are 20 blocks in the selected district out of that Soraon block was selected purposively because the existence of Kisan Credit Card scheme is comparatively more as compared to other blocks. There are 71 villages in the selected block out of that number of 6 villages was selected based on maximum number of farmers involved in KCC scheme. Total number of 120 respondents were selected randomly from 6 villages for the present study The major constraints faced by the respondents are High rate of interest on loan followed by Purpose of availing loan not accepting, Timeliness of credit, Delay by bank side and Duration of loan was very short. It was suggested that Credit limit to be increased considering family expenses, Extent of validity of card up to 5 years, Lower the interest rate, Repayment only after harvest, Flexibility to draw cash and Limit to be fixed on the basis of operational land holding, which will be lead all round development in the research area.

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Kholopova, Elena, and Yulia Kopchenkova. "The Techniques of Operational and Investigative Countering Actions Against Extremist Crimes by the Operational Units of the Internal Affairs Bodies." Legal Concept, no. 2 (July 2020): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2020.2.5.

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Introduction: the counteraction to crimes of extremist orientation is carried out by the operational divisions of the Internal Affairs Bodies that need the techniques of counteraction to such crimes, which is confirmed by the results of the empirical research. The development of the basic techniques for operational and investigative counteraction to extremist crimes is determined by: improving the activities of the operational units, improving the quality of interaction between the police and other state bodies, religious and public associations on counteraction issues; a comprehensive approach to counteraction depending on the type of extremism and the operational situation in the region. The purpose of the study was to develop the basics of the operational investigative counteraction techniques using a situational approach. Methods: the methodological framework for this research is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main ones are the methods of systematicity, analysis and situational approach. Results: the paper considers the possibility of using the situational approach to the basics of the techniques for countering extremist crimes, substantiates the authors’ position on various characteristics of the structural and content elements of the techniques, the sources of recommendations, which are the operational-search characteristics of extremist crimes, operational-search practice and science. Conclusions: the identification and description of real typical situations of counteraction in which operational officers of the Internal Affairs bodies have to act is an important condition for the development of specific methodological recommendations. The following structural and substantive elements of the techniques for countering extremist crimes are highlighted (blocks of recommendations): recommendations on legal support of counteraction; recommendations on application of the operational and preventive measures; recommendations on interaction with the subjects of counteraction to extremism; recommendations on the operational situation in the region for extremist crimes; recommendations on the use of the information sources.

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Yu, Xuhui, Guolei Tang, Zijian Guo, Xiangqun Song, and Jingjing Yu. "Performance Comparison of Real-Time Yard Crane Dispatching Strategies at Nontransshipment Container Terminals." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5401710.

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Yard crane operations are often a bottleneck at a container terminal. This paper aims to investigate the effects of various real-time yard crane dispatching strategies on operational cost and gross crane rate (GCR) for nontransshipment container terminals. A general cost estimation model is introduced to incorporate the detailed costs incurred during container handling process within terminal area. The formulas of container handling related parameters are mathematically derived to validate the simulation model. Results reveal that the common nearest truck first served strategy yields the lowest operational cost but the lowest GCR. On the other hand, earliest YT strategy achieves the highest GCR at the expense of higher operational cost with more vessel calls, while nearest YT strategy produces the highest GCR and is the second economical with fewer vessel calls. Under any of the proposed yard crane dispatching strategies, the strategy that separately stacks import and export containers into different blocks outperforms the scattered stacking strategy in terms of GCR, although no distinct cost advantage is obtained. The results provide fundamental insights into the connection between real-time yard crane dispatching strategies and operational performance at manually controlled nontransshipment container terminals.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Operational blocks'

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