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Journal articles on the topic 'Open source software (FLOSS)'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Lin, Yu-Wei, and Lars Risan. "Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS)." Science & Technology Studies 20, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.55209.

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2

Ruiz, Claudia, and William N. Robinson. "Measuring Open Source Quality." International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes 3, no. 3 (July 2011): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jossp.2011070104.

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There is an ample debate over the quality of Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) with mixed research results. The authors show that a reason for these mixed results is that quality is being defined, measured, and evaluated differently. They report the most popular approaches including software structure measures, process measures, and maturity assessment models. The way researchers have built their samples has also contributed to the mixed results with different project properties being considered and ignored. Because FLOSS projects evolve with each release, their quality does too, and it must be measured using metrics that take into account their communities’ commitment to quality rather than just the structure of the resulting code. Challenges exist in defining what constitutes a defect or bug, and the role of modularity in affecting FLOSS quality. The authors suggest three considerations for future research on FLOSS quality models: (1) defect resolution rate, (2) kind of software product, and (3) modularity—both technical and organizational.
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3

Petrinja, Etiel, and Giancarlo Succi. "Assessing the Open Source Development Processes Using OMM." Advances in Software Engineering 2012 (October 4, 2012): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/235392.

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The assessment of development practices in Free Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) projects can contribute to the improvement of the development process by identifying poor practices and providing a list of necessary practices. Available assessment methods (e.g., Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)) do not address sufficiently FLOSS-specific aspects (e.g., geographically distributed development, importance of the contributions, reputation of the project, etc.). We present a FLOSS-focused, CMMI-like assessment/improvement model: the QualiPSo Open Source Maturity Model (OMM). OMM focuses on the development process. This makes it different from existing assessment models that are focused on the assessment of the product. We have assessed six FLOSS projects using OMM. Three projects were started and led by a software company, and three are developed by three different FLOSS communities. We identified poorly addressed development activities as the number of commit/bug reports, the external contributions, and the risk management. The results showed that FLOSS projects led by companies adopt standard project management approaches as product planning, design definition, and testing, that are less often addressed by community led FLOSS projects. The OMM is valuable for both the FLOSS community, by identifying critical development activities necessary to be improved, and for potential users that can better decide which product to adopt.
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Squire, Megan. "How the FLOSS Research Community Uses Email Archives." International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes 4, no. 1 (January 2012): 37–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jossp.2012010103.

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Artifacts of the software development process, such as source code or emails between developers, are a frequent object of study in empirical software engineering literature. One of the hallmarks of free, libre, and open source software (FLOSS) projects is that the artifacts of the development process are publicly-accessible and therefore easily collected and studied. Thus, there is a long history in the FLOSS research community of using these artifacts to gain understanding about the phenomenon of open source software, which could then be compared to studies of software engineering more generally. This paper looks specifically at how the FLOSS research community has used email artifacts from free and open source projects. It provides a classification of the relevant literature using a publicly-available online repository of papers about FLOSS development using email. The outcome of this paper is to provide a broad overview for the software engineering and FLOSS research communities of how other researchers have used FLOSS email message artifacts in their work.
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5

Schmuhl, H., A. Marcelo, J. Dal Molin, G. Wright, and T. Karopka. "Towards Open Collaborative Health Informatics - The Role of Free/Libre Open Source Principles." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 20, no. 01 (August 2011): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638740.

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SummaryTo analyze the contribution of Free/Libre Open Source Software in health care (FLOSS-HC) and to give perspectives for future developments.The paper summarizes FLOSS-related trends in health care as anticipated by members of the IMIA Open Source Working Group. Data were obtained through literature review and personal experience and observations of the authors in the last two decades. A status quo is given by a frequency analysis of the database of Medfloss.org, one of the world’s largest platforms dedicated to FLOSS-HC. The authors discuss current problems in the field of health care and finally give a prospective roadmap, a projection of the potential influences of FLOSS in health care.FLOSS-HC already exists for more than 2 decades. Several projects have shown that FLOSS may produce highly competitive alternatives to proprietary solutions that are at least equivalent in usability and have a better total cost of ownership ratio. The Medfloss.org database currently lists 221 projects of diverse application types.FLOSS principles hold a great potential for addressing several of the most critical problems in health care IT. The authors argue that an ecosystem perspective is relevant and that FLOSS principles are best suited to create health IT systems that are able to evolve over time as medical knowledge, technologies, insights, workflows etc. continuously change. All these factors that inherently influence the development of health IT systems are changing at an ever growing pace. Traditional models of software engineering are not able to follow these changes and provide up-to-date systems for an acceptable cost/value ratio. To allow FLOSS to positively influence Health IT in the future a "FLOSS-friendly" environment has to be provided. Policy makers should resolve uncertainties in the legal framework that disfavor FLOSS. Certification procedures should be specified in a way that they do not raise additional barriers for FLOSS.
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6

Morero, Hernán Alejandro, Josefina Sonnenberg Palmieri, and Ana Valentina Fernandez. "A Review of the International FLOSS (Free/Libre Open Source Software) Innovation Surveys." Ciencias Económicas 1 (October 30, 2018): 27–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14409/rce.v1i0.7742.

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Given the substantial growth that software and IT sector has had in the last decade, it becomes relevant to measure the impact that this expansion has had on the development of emerging economies. Specifically, the study of the FLOSS production activity is relevant given its contribution to the Knowledge Intensive Services Sector. The aim of this study is to design an innovation survey for the software sector that considers the FLOSS activity separately. Moreover, the paper describes an extensive systematization, evaluation and analysis of diverse technological surveys carried out on the software activity and the FLOSS surveys available specified at a firm level, as a way to collect all the possible background which allows proposing a questionnaire that measures the particularities of FLOSS.
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7

Paton, C., and T. Karopka. "The Role of Free/Libre and Open Source Software in Learning Health Systems." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 26, no. 01 (August 2017): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1606527.

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Summary Objective: To give an overview of the role of Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) in the context of secondary use of patient data to enable Learning Health Systems (LHSs). Methods: We conducted an environmental scan of the academic and grey literature utilising the MedFLOSS database of open source systems in healthcare to inform a discussion of the role of open source in developing LHSs that reuse patient data for research and quality improvement. Results: A wide range of FLOSS is identified that contributes to the information technology (IT) infrastructure of LHSs including operating systems, databases, frameworks, interoperability software, and mobile and web apps. The recent literature around the development and use of key clinical data management tools is also reviewed. Conclusions: FLOSS already plays a critical role in modern health IT infrastructure for the collection, storage, and analysis of patient data. The nature of FLOSS systems to be collaborative, modular, and modifiable may make open source approaches appropriate for building the digital infrastructure for a LHS.
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8

Paton, C., and T. Karopka. "The Role of Free/Libre and Open Source Software in Learning Health Systems." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 26, no. 01 (2017): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15265/iy-2017-006.

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Summary Objective: To give an overview of the role of Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) in the context of secondary use of patient data to enable Learning Health Systems (LHSs). Methods: We conducted an environmental scan of the academic and grey literature utilising the MedFLOSS database of open source systems in healthcare to inform a discussion of the role of open source in developing LHSs that reuse patient data for research and quality improvement. Results: A wide range of FLOSS is identified that contributes to the information technology (IT) infrastructure of LHSs including operating systems, databases, frameworks, interoperability software, and mobile and web apps. The recent literature around the development and use of key clinical data management tools is also reviewed. Conclusions: FLOSS already plays a critical role in modern health IT infrastructure for the collection, storage, and analysis of patient data. The nature of FLOSS systems to be collaborative, modular, and modifiable may make open source approaches appropriate for building the digital infrastructure for a LHS.
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9

Morero, Hernán, Pablo Ortiz, Jorge Motta, and Esmeralda Dávila. "¿Cuánto de FLOSS hay en la industria de software de Argentina?" Hipertextos 10, no. 17 (July 13, 2022): 51–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/23143924e048.

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El presente artículo se propone aportar estadísticas para el caso argentino sobre la relevancia del FLOSS (Free/Libre Open Source Software) a nivel de producción empresarial. Ello se realiza en base a un análisis descriptivo de la “III Encuesta sobre Innovación en el sector de Software de la Argentina 2019”. Primeramente se evalúa el grado de importancia que tiene el FLOSS a nivel de producción y ventas en el sector. En segundo lugar, se presenta qué clases de FLOSS realizan las empresas argentinas indagadas en la encuesta. Y por último, se comparan una serie de aspectos comportamentales y de desempeño (en materia de vinculaciones, innovación y capacitación) entre empresas FLOSS y no FLOSS. El artículo concluye que la mayor parte de las empresas de software de la muestra produce o utiliza software libre u open source. Y que no hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas ni en el tamaño, ni en el comportamiento o el desempeño entre las empresas que producen y/o proveen servicios en base a FLOSS y las no FLOSS.
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10

Kobayashi, Shinji, Luis Falcón, Hamish Fraser, Jørn Braa, Pamod Amarakoon, Alvin Marcelo, and Chris Paton. "Using Open Source, Open Data, and Civic Technology to Address the COVID-19 Pandemic and Infodemic." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 30, no. 01 (April 21, 2021): 038–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1726488.

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Objectives: The emerging COVID-19 pandemic has caused one of the world’s worst health disasters compounded by social confusion with misinformation, the so-called “Infodemic”. In this paper, we discuss how open technology approaches - including data sharing, visualization, and tooling - can address the COVID-19 pandemic and infodemic. Methods: In response to the call for participation in the 2020 International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook theme issue on Medical Informatics and the Pandemic, the IMIA Open Source Working Group surveyed recent works related to the use of Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS) for this pandemic. Results: FLOSS health care projects including GNU Health, OpenMRS, DHIS2, and others, have responded from the early phase of this pandemic. Data related to COVID-19 have been published from health organizations all over the world. Civic Technology, and the collaborative work of FLOSS and open data groups were considered to support collective intelligence on approaches to managing the pandemic. Conclusion: FLOSS and open data have been effectively used to contribute to managing the COVID-19 pandemic, and open approaches to collaboration can improve trust in data.
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11

Wei, Kangning, Kevin Crowston, and U. Yeliz Eseryel. "Participation in community-based free/libre open source software development tasks: the impact of task characteristics." Internet Research 31, no. 4 (February 18, 2021): 1177–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/intr-03-2020-0112.

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PurposeThis paper explores how task characteristics in terms of trigger type and task topic influence individual participation in community-based free/libre open source software (FLOSS) development by considering participation in individual tasks rather than entire projects.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative study was designed using choose tasks that were carried out via the email discourse on the developers' email fora in five FLOSS projects. Choice process episodes were selected as the unit of analysis and were coded for the task trigger and topic. The impact of these factors on participation (i.e. the numbers of participants and messages) was assessed by regression.FindingsThe results reveal differences in participation related to different task triggers and task topics. Further, the results suggest the mediating role of the number of participants in the relationships between task characteristics and the number of messages. The authors also speculate that project type serves as a boundary condition restricting the impacts of task characteristics on the number of participants and propose this relationship for future research.Research limitations/implicationsEmpirical support was provided to the important effects of different task characteristics on individual participation behaviors in FLOSS development tasks.Practical implicationsThe findings can help FLOSS participants understand participation patterns in different tasks and choose the types of tasks to attend to.Originality/valueThis research explores the impact of task characteristics on participation in FLOSS development at the task level, while prior research on participation in FLOSS development has focused mainly on factors at the individual and/or project levels.
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12

Radtke, Nicholas P., Marco A. Janssen, and James S. Collofello. "What Makes Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) Projects Successful? An Agent-Based Model of FLOSS Projects." International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes 1, no. 2 (April 2009): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jossp.2009040101.

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13

Pałys, Marcin. "The role of open source software in the process of implementing social innovation in SMEs." e-mentor 92, no. 5 (December 2021): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15219/em92.1542.

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Nowadays, small and medium-sized enterprises (further SME) look for ways to overcome pressing social problems. An open-software-based application can be considered a powerful tool for this task, because of functionalities such as data management, BI operation, and efficient channels of communication. A review of literature shows that there is a shortage of studies concerning connections between usage of Free/Libre or Open Source Software (further FLOSS) and implementing Social Innovation (SI). The aim of this research is to investigate how the use of FLOSS relates to the ability of SMEs to implement SI. The author aims to underline key areas in which FLOSS supported implementation of SI. A set of recommendations for future initiatives is created based on the experience of successful implementation. Based on a review of literature, the author created a set of hypotheses which are validated by the in-depth surveys with three companies in the SME sector. The article structure is as follows: first the author presents literature findings concerning the subject, and next the areas of the model and survey answers. Finally, the author performs a critical review of the model, confirming that open software can stimulate the process of developing social innovation in SMEs, especially in cost reduction, flexibility, and community support.
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14

Macho, Héctor J., Gregorio Robles, and Jesus M. González-Barahona. "Evaluation of FLOSS by Analyzing Its Software Evolution." Journal of Information Technology Research 8, no. 1 (January 2015): 62–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2015010105.

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In today's world, management often rely on FLOSS (Free/Libre/Open Source Software) systems to run their organizations. However, the nature of FLOSS is different from the software they have been using in the last decades. Its development model is distributed, and its authors are diverse as many volunteers and companies may collaborate in the project. In this paper, the authors want to shed some light on how to evaluate a FLOSS system by looking at the Moodle platform, which is currently the most used learning management system among educational institutions worldwide. In contrast with other evaluation models that have been proposed so far, the one presented here is based on retrieving historical information that can be obtained publicly from the Internet, allowing the authors to study its evolution. As a result, they will show how using their methodology management can take informed decisions that lower the risk that organizations face when investing in a FLOSS system.
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15

Berger, Olivier, Valentin Vlasceanu, Christian Bac, Quang Vu Dang, and Stéphane Lauriere. "Weaving a Semantic Web Across OSS Repositories." International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes 2, no. 2 (April 2010): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jossp.2010040103.

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Several public repositories and archives of “facts” about libre software projects, maintained either by open source communities or by research communities, have been flourishing over the Web in recent years. These have enabled new analysis and support for new quality assurance tasks. This paper presents some complementary existing tools, projects and models proposed both by OSS actors or research initiatives that are likely to lead to useful future developments in terms of study of the FLOSS phenomenon, and also to the very practitioners in the FLOSS development projects. A goal of the research conducted within the HELIOS project is to address bugs traceability issues. In this regard, the authors investigate the potential of using Semantic Web technologies in navigating between many different bugtracker systems scattered all over the open source ecosystem. By using Semantic Web techniques, it is possible to interconnect the databases containing data about open-source software projects development, which enables OSS partakers to identify resources, annotate them, and further interlink those using dedicated properties and collectively designing a distributed semantic graph.
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Tolu, Hüseyin. "Position Paper." International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes 5, no. 3 (July 2014): 20–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijossp.2014070102.

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Today's burgeoning software profoundly sells hardware; and is crucially definable between Free Livre/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) and Proprietary Close Source Software (PCSS). Therefore, this paper argues how and why Turkey has locked-in PCSS, and particularly investigates outcomes and reasons for not using FLOSS in Turkey's state apparatus in order to demonstrate techno-politics of Turkey. The study used secondary sources of data obtained from Turkey's public reports, in particular parliamentary written questions and responses reports generated between 2004 and 2013, and studied by Critical Discourse Analysis. Although Ministries in Turkey have repeatedly declared that there is no obligatory protocol(s) and agreement(s) with PCSS and that there is no vendor lock-in issue as criticized in the media and parliament, the evidence, particularly pragmatic techno-sociological perspective has steered State-Scapegoatism that builds-in Obsolescence and indicates that there is techno-politically protected PCSS's hegemony, particularly Windows monopoly.
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Benson, Tim. "Open Source Paradigm: A Synopsis of The Cathedral and the Bazaar for Health and Social Care." Journal of Innovation in Health Informatics 23, no. 2 (July 4, 2016): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/jhi.v23i2.866.

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Background: Open source software (OSS) is becoming more fashionable in health and social care, although the ideas are not new. However progress has been slower than many had expected.Objective: The purpose is to summarise the Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) paradigm in terms of what it is, how it impacts users and software engineers and how it can work as a business model in health and social care sectors.Method: Much of this paper is a synopsis of Eric Raymond’s seminal book The Cathedral and the Bazaar, which was the first comprehensive description of the open source ecosystem, set out in three long essays. Direct quotes from the book are used liberally, without reference to specific passages. The first part contrasts open and closed source approaches to software development and support. The second part describes the culture and practices of the open source movement. The third part considers business models.Conclusion: A key benefit of open source is that users can access and collaborate on improving the software if they wish. Closed source code may be regarded as a strategic business risk that that may be unacceptable if there is an open source alternative. The sharing culture of the open source movement fits well with that of health and social care.
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18

Chan, Anita Say. "Retiring the Network Spokesman." Science & Technology Studies 20, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 78–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.55213.

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National legislation to mandate the use or consideration of Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) in government institutions is increasingly emerging as a strategy for FLOSS advocates in Latin America and the broader developing world. Such movements for the political use and regulation of FLOSS mark a distinct turn in the objectives and work of FLOSS advocates, whose activities largely focused on the dissemination of FLOSS as a technological artifact. This paper investigates the network of diverse actors involved in promoting FLOSS legislation in Peru, one of the first nations where a movement for FLOSS legislation emerged. It emphasizes that crucial to the work of FLOSS’ network actors is not their merely technological productivity, but their cultural and political productivity – that is, their ability to produce diverse body of meaning made both evident and mobile in narratives of FLOSS use and adoption.
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Jullien, Nicolas, and Karine Roudaut. "Can Open Source projects succeed when the producers are not users? Lessons from the data processing field1." Management international 16 (September 20, 2012): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1012397ar.

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Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) proposes an original way to solve the incentive dilemma for the production of information goods, based on von Hippel (1988)’s user-as-innovator principle: as users benefit from innovation, they have incentive to produce it, and as they can expect cumulative innovation on their own proposition, they have incentive to share it. But what is the incentive for producers when they are not users? We discuss this question via a qualitative study of FLOSS projects in “algorithm-based industries”. We find that in this case producers hardly participate in such projects.
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Motta, Jorge, Hernán Alejandro Morero, and Carina Borrastero. "Measuring Non Monetary Innovation In Software: a case study in floss firms from Argentina." International Journal of Innovation 7, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/iji.v7i1.319.

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This paper presents a critical review of the design of innovation surveys that follow the Oslo Manual standards, based on a series of case studies in Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) companies. The main objective of the paper is to contribute to identify the specificities of innovation in FLOSS firms that traditional innovation surveys usually omit, to improve current innovation measures and metrics in the software sector. We applied a qualitative analysis based on seven case studies in FLOSS firms from Argentina, mainly through semi-structured interviews to key informants. Such analysis was aimed to elucidate the nature and particularities of the innovation processes and outcomes in the firms, the characteristics of the collaboration with the community and its role in the business model and innovation strategy of the organizations.
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Patiño Toro, Orfa Nidia, Yesenia Acevedo Correa, Alejandro Valencia-Arias, and Martha Benjumea-Arias. "A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE IN EDUCATIONAL CONTEXTS." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 78, no. 1 (February 12, 2020): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/20.78.114.

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Open source software has now become a significant alternative in meeting different needs in business, government and academic environments, such as needs related to economics, management, learning and innovation, among others. The purpose of this research was to examine the research trends and evolution of the field of open source software adoption between 2001 and 2019. The methodology used involved bibliometric analysis of 289 documents obtained through a Scopus extracted search equation, generating indicators of quantity and quality and analyzing the emerging themes in said field of knowledge. The findings of the research include the existence of a strong trend towards research and dissemination regarding open source software, particularly in countries such as the United States, whose institutions and authors demonstrate high levels of productivity and dissemination. There was also evidence of an interest in reducing barriers and encouraging the adoption and implementation of the software in other sectors where its use is still lagging behind. The main conclusion of the research is that the research of open source software adoption focuses on the following topics: innovation, Linux, FLOSS, engineering requirements, risk management, open innovation, the public sector, social network analysis and total cost of ownership. Keywords: bibliometric analysis, information technology, open source software, research trends, technology adoption.
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Lin, Yu-Wei. "Hacker Culture and the FLOSS Innovation." International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes 4, no. 3 (July 2012): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijossp.2012070103.

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This article aims to contribute to our understanding of the free/libre open source software (FLOSS) innovation and how it is shaped by and also shapes various perceptions on and practices of hacker culture. Unlike existing literature that usually normalises, radicalises, marginalises, or criminalises hacker culture, the author confronts such deterministic views that ignore the contingency and heterogeneity of hacker culture, which evolve over time in correspondence with different settings where diverse actors locate. The author argues that hacker culture has been continuously defined and redefined, situated and resituated with the ongoing development and growing implementation of FLOSS. The story on the development of EMACSen (plural form of EMACS—Editing MACroS) illustrates the consequence when different interpretations and practices of hacker culture clash. The author concludes that stepping away from a fixed and rigid typology of hackers will allow people to view the FLOSS innovation from a more ecological view. This will also help people to value and embrace different contributions from diverse actors including end-users and minority groups.
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Conaldi, Guido. "Flat for the Few, Steep for the Many." International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes 2, no. 2 (April 2010): 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jossp.2010040102.

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A discrepancy exists between the emphasis posed by practitioners on decentralized and non-hierarchical communication in Free Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS) communities and empirical evidence of their hierarchical structure. To explain this paradox, it is hypothesized firstly that in FLOSS communities local sub-groups exist and are less hierarchical, more decentralized than the whole social network. Secondly, it is hypothesized that the bulk of communication exchanges taking place in the community happens inside local sub-groups formed by the most active community members. The recollection that practitioners have of FLOSS communities to which they participate would then be influenced by the position that they occupy inside those sub-groups. A measure of structural cohesion based on network node connectivity is proposed as an effective method to test whether FLOSS communication networks can be decomposed in nested hierarchies of progressively less centralized sub-groups. The recently introduced measure of weighted rich-club effect is adopted to test for the tendency of the most active community members to control communication by interacting more intensely with each other than with other members of the network. Results from a case study that are consistent with the hypotheses are presented and discussed.
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Tolu, Hüseyin. "Inquiry into Turkey's Educational Technology, Governance, Situational Educational Policy." International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education 14, no. 2 (April 2018): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2018040105.

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Investigating the sociology of educational technology can be approached through a series of deliberations based on the interaction between Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) and Proprietary Close Source Software (PCSS). This article consults public policy discourses of the Fatih project, which is the current educational technology project in Turkey, particularly focusing on discourses of politicians. This article argues that Turkey has been deploying an Anglo-Governance Model, which is based on an ‘experimental' and ‘strategic' governance, to be a dominating decision-maker in the technological singularity. However, without defining 'values' of FLOSS, any initiative(s) from Anglo-Governance Model will result in what could be referred to as an ‘PCSS-Based Polycentric System' in which the Government has ultimately became an unwelcome decision-maker and PCSS, particularly in such a way that giant corporations exercise dominance over the sociology of educational technology in Turkey.
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Marks, Abigail, Shiona Chillas, Laura Galloway, and Gavin Maclean. "Confusion and collectivism in the ICT sector: Is FLOSS the answer?" Economic and Industrial Democracy 41, no. 1 (March 13, 2017): 167–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x17695441.

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Information and communication technology (ICT) workers rarely join trade unions. This is usually explained by the individualized nature of work. This article examines broader forms of collectivism for these workers, drawing on survey and interview data. The focus is on social class, attitudes towards unions and professional bodies and participation in the broader ICT community – specifically Free, Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS). The findings reveal absence of formal collective frames of reference or organization, yet the creativity, autonomy and initiative central to the identity of ICT workers may offer opportunities for collectivization particularly with regard to participation in FLOSS communities.
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Zanotti, Agustín, and Juan Gabriel Vélez. "Desarrollo Floss y gobernanza de pares: el caso del entorno de escritorio Gnome." International Journal of Innovation 8, no. 3 (December 17, 2020): 438–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/iji.v8i3.17114.

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Objective of the study: The article analyzes the case of GNOME, one of the most popular Free/ Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) projects, started in 1997. The concept of peer governance describes the interaction and convergence of companies, foundations, voluntary users and professionals in its development.Methodology/ approach: The research is based on the documentary method and an organizational history approach. For this, primary and secondary digital sources were collected: institutional and FLOSS sites, blogs, community lists, documents and platforms.Originality/ Relevance: The work allows progress, from a sociotechnical perspective, in understanding FLOSS developments and the coevolution of their technical components and community dynamics.Main results: Three levels of governance are identified: 1. the software itself; 2. the community; 3. the ecosystem. Development cycles; community participation and organization; actors and business models, definitions and controversies, are analyzed. GNOME's trajectory is marked by the confluence of interests and coopetition between corporate actors and the FLOSS ecosystem. The life cycle shows a constant activity, which implies redefinition of its components, technological infrastructure and leadership. It is not exempt from controversies and bifurcations, similar to those evidenced in projects of this type.Theoretical/ methodological contributions: It contributes to the concept of peer governance and its usefulness for case analysis. Reflection on data sources and research resources on the Internet is promoted.Social/ managerial contributions: It contributes to the understanding of new forms of management and decision-making in technological development projects.
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Harutyunyan, Nikolay, Andreas Bauer, and Dirk Riehle. "Industry requirements for FLOSS governance tools to facilitate the use of open source software in commercial products." Journal of Systems and Software 158 (December 2019): 110390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2019.08.001.

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Davydova, E., and V. Korchagova. "Open-source software for modelling of free surface flows." Proceedings of the Institute for System Programming of the RAS 28, no. 1 (2016): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15514/ispras-2016-28(1)-14.

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Pini, M., S. Vitale, P. Colonna, G. Gori, A. Guardone, T. Economon, J. J. Alonso, and F. Palacios. "SU2: the Open-Source Software for Non-ideal Compressible Flows." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 821 (March 2017): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/821/1/012013.

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Medappa, Poonacha K., and Shirish C. Srivastava. "Does Superposition Influence the Success of FLOSS Projects? An Examination of Open-Source Software Development by Organizations and Individuals." Information Systems Research 30, no. 3 (September 2019): 764–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/isre.2018.0829.

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31

Freeman, Stephanie. "The Material and Social Dynamics of Motivation." Science & Technology Studies 20, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 55–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.55212.

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Volunteer motivation has been a central theme in Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS) literature. This research has been largely dominated by economists who rely in their surveys on the distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations and the ‘hacker ethic’ – for profi t juxtaposition. The paper argues that survey-based analytical frameworks and research designs have led to a focus on some motivational attributions at the expense of others. It then presents a case study that explores dynamic, non-individualistic and content-sensitive aspects of motivations. The approach is based on socio-cultural psychology and the author’s observations of a hybrid fi rm-community FLOSS project, OpenOffi ce.org. Instead of separating intrinsic motivations from extrinsic ones, it is argued that complex and changing patterns of motivations are tied to changing objects and personal histories prior to and during participation. The boundary between work and hobby in an individual’s participation path is blurred and shifting.
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Lilien, David A., Benjamin H. Hills, Joshua Driscol, Robert Jacobel, and Knut Christianson. "ImpDAR: an open-source impulse radar processor." Annals of Glaciology 61, no. 81 (April 2020): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aog.2020.44.

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AbstractDespite widespread use of radio-echo sounding (RES) in glaciology and broad distribution of processed radar products, the glaciological community has no standard software for processing impulse RES data. Dependable, fast and collection-system/platform-independent processing flows could facilitate comparison between datasets and allow full utilization of large impulse RES data archives and new data. Here, we present ImpDAR, an open-source, cross-platform, impulse radar processor and interpreter, written primarily in Python. The utility of this software lies in its collection of established tools into a single, open-source framework. ImpDAR aims to provide a versatile standard that is accessible to radar-processing novices and useful to specialists. It can read data from common commercial ground-penetrating radars (GPRs) and some custom-built RES systems. It performs all the standard processing steps, including bandpass and horizontal filtering, time correction for antenna spacing, geolocation and migration. After processing data, ImpDAR's interpreter includes several plotting functions, digitization of reflecting horizons, calculation of reflector strength and export of interpreted layers. We demonstrate these capabilities on two datasets: deep (~3000 m depth) data collected with a custom (3 MHz) system in northeast Greenland and shallow (<100 m depth, 500 MHz) data collected with a commercial GPR on South Cascade Glacier in Washington.
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Garg, Rahul, Janine Galvin, Tingwen Li, and Sreekanth Pannala. "Open-source MFIX-DEM software for gas–solids flows: Part I—Verification studies." Powder Technology 220 (April 2012): 122–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2011.09.019.

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Li, Tingwen, Rahul Garg, Janine Galvin, and Sreekanth Pannala. "Open-source MFIX-DEM software for gas-solids flows: Part II — Validation studies." Powder Technology 220 (April 2012): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2011.09.020.

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GEIPEL, MARKUS M., KERSTIN PRESS, and FRANK SCHWEITZER. "COMMUNICATION IN INNOVATION COMMUNITIES: AN ANALYSIS OF 100 OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE PROJECTS." Advances in Complex Systems 17, no. 07n08 (December 2014): 1550006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021952591550006x.

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We develop a model of innovation communities which allows us to address in a systematic way the influence of users and developers as well as communication between and within these groups. Based on this model, we derive a formal approach to quantify communication flows, community activity and community turnover. These measures are calculated using the data of 100 open source software projects. Our empirical analysis shows that: (i) Users play indeed a predominant role in communication, which points towards the vivid role of an active user community; (ii) communication is highly concentrated, which points towards the importance of active individuals and (iii) community turnover exhibits only little correlation with community segregation, which may allow to benefit from high turnover rates while keeping negative effects small. We argue that insight from this extensive analysis not only complements existing case studies, it also provides a reference frame to put these singular results into perspective when aiming at generalizations.
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Mergili, M., K. Schratz, A. Ostermann, and W. Fellin. "Physically-based modelling of granular flows with Open Source GIS." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2012): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-187-2012.

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Abstract. Computer models, in combination with Geographic Information Sciences (GIS), play an important role in up-to-date studies of travel distance, impact area, velocity or energy of granular flows (e.g. snow or rock avalanches, flows of debris or mud). Simple empirical-statistical relationships or mass point models are frequently applied in GIS-based modelling environments. However, they are only appropriate for rough overviews at the regional scale. In detail, granular flows are highly complex processes and physically-based, distributed models are required for detailed studies of travel distance, velocity, and energy of such phenomena. One of the most advanced theories for understanding and modelling granular flows is the Savage-Hutter type model, a system of differential equations based on the conservation of mass and momentum. The equations have been solved for a number of idealized topographies, but only few attempts to find a solution for arbitrary topography or to integrate the model with GIS are known up to now. The work presented is understood as an initiative to integrate a fully physically-based model for the motion of granular flows, based on the extended Savage-Hutter theory, with GRASS, an Open Source GIS software package. The potentials of the model are highlighted, employing the Val Pola Rock Avalanche (Northern Italy, 1987) as the test event, and the limitations as well as the most urging needs for further research are discussed.
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Ratto, Matt. "A Practice-Based Model of Access for Science." Science & Technology Studies 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 73–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.55220.

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In this paper I argue that analyses of access to the contexts and work of ‘e-science’ and scientific ‘cyberinfrastructures’ are hindered by models that assume fixed roles for contributors and users and undervalue the joint ‘reworking’ of scientific data that is one of the central strengths of such approaches. Using a community of Free/Libre Open Source software (FLOSS) developers as a complementary case, I develop an alternative practice-based model of access that focuses on the particular sets of social and technical knowledges that allow individuals to work together to develop and maintain shared resources. Importantly, this model of access puts the practices of ‘reworking’ as central rather than peripheral to human activity. Access within this framework is characterized as the ability to shift between individual and joint, mediated work, and to understand and manipulate the multiple representations of shared objects such shifts require.
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Costa, Carlos J., Manuela Aparicio, and Joao Paulo Figueiredo. "Health Portal." International Journal of Web Portals 4, no. 4 (October 2012): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jwp.2012100101.

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The authors’ study proposes a conceptual model for a health portal user-centered using a calendar interface paradigm. The aim of this proposal intends to use an insight of a patient when interacting with the health services. In order to promote a well-known user reality, the authors adapt a calendar paradigm. The users’ type and the interaction with the system are based on a stakeholder analysis. A state of the art analysis was made to several health portals, from which resulted the identification of the main features in order to shape the proposed concept. From these initial studies we propose a conceptual model of a health portal focused on the users’ needs. Its implementation was performed using a Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS), more specifically a content management system (CMS). This study also includes the preliminary results of a survey conducted to a group of users.
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Maier, Walter T., Jacob T. Needels, Catarina Garbacz, Fábio Morgado, Juan J. Alonso, and Marco Fossati. "SU2-NEMO: An Open-Source Framework for High-Mach Nonequilibrium Multi-Species Flows." Aerospace 8, no. 7 (July 16, 2021): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8070193.

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SU2-NEMO, a recent extension of the open-source SU2 multiphysics suite’s set of physical models and code architecture, is presented with the aim of introducing its enhanced capabilities in addressing high-enthalpy and high-Mach number flows. This paper discusses the thermal nonequilibrium and finite-rate chemistry models adopted, including a link to the Mutation++ physio-chemical library. Further, the paper discusses how the software architecture has been designed to ensure modularity, incorporating the ability to introduce additional models in an efficient manner. A review of the numerical formulation and the discretization schemes utilized for the convective fluxes is also presented. Several test cases in two- and three-dimensions are examined for validation purposes and to illustrate the performance of the solver in addressing complex nonequilibrium flows.
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Mukala, Patrick, Antonio Cerone, and Franco Turini. "An empirical verification of a-priori learning models on mailing archives in the context of online learning activities of participants in free\libre open source software (FLOSS) communities." Education and Information Technologies 22, no. 6 (February 2, 2017): 3207–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10639-017-9573-6.

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41

Eskin, Dmitry. "On CFD-Assisted Research and Design in Engineering." Energies 15, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 9233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15239233.

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At present, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an inherent component of the development procedure of a majority of technological processes involving fluid flows and/or heat and mass transfers. Practicing engineers and investigators employ different commercial CFD software, open-source codes and even develop their own computational codes (in house) for solving tasks, requiring accounting for nonstandard effects.
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Jennings-Antipov, Laura D., and Timothy S. Gardner. "Digital publishing isn't enough: the case for ‘blueprints’ in scientific communication." Emerging Topics in Life Sciences 2, no. 6 (December 21, 2018): 755–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/etls20180165.

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Since the time of Newton and Galileo, the tools for capturing and communicating science have remained conceptually unchanged — in essence, they consist of observations on paper (or electronic variants), followed by a ‘letter’ to the community to report your findings. These age-old tools are inadequate for the complexity of today's scientific challenges. If modern software engineering worked like science, programmers would not share open source code; they would take notes on their work and then publish long-form articles about their software. Months or years later, their colleagues would attempt to reproduce the software based on the article. It sounds a bit silly, and yet even, this level of prose-based methodological discourse has deteriorated in science communication. Materials and Methods sections of papers are often a vaguely written afterthought, leaving researchers baffled when they try to repeat a published finding. It's time for a fundamental shift in scientific communication and sharing, a shift akin to the advent of computer-aided design and source code versioning. Science needs reusable ‘blueprints’ for experiments replete with the experiment designs, material flows, reaction parameters, data, and analytical procedures. Such an approach could establish the foundations for truly open source science where these scientific blueprints form the digital ‘source code’ for a supply chain of high-quality innovations and discoveries.
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Courty, Laurent Guillaume, Adrián Pedrozo-Acuña, and Paul David Bates. "Itzï (version 17.1): an open-source, distributed GIS model for dynamic flood simulation." Geoscientific Model Development 10, no. 4 (May 2, 2017): 1835–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1835-2017.

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Abstract. Worldwide, floods are acknowledged as one of the most destructive hazards. In human-dominated environments, their negative impacts are ascribed not only to the increase in frequency and intensity of floods but also to a strong feedback between the hydrological cycle and anthropogenic development. In order to advance a more comprehensive understanding of this complex interaction, this paper presents the development of a new open-source tool named Itzï that enables the 2-D numerical modelling of rainfall–runoff processes and surface flows integrated with the open-source geographic information system (GIS) software known as GRASS. Therefore, it takes advantage of the ability given by GIS environments to handle datasets with variations in both temporal and spatial resolutions. Furthermore, the presented numerical tool can handle datasets from different sources with varied spatial resolutions, facilitating the preparation and management of input and forcing data. This ability reduces the preprocessing time usually required by other models. Itzï uses a simplified form of the shallow water equations, the damped partial inertia equation, for the resolution of surface flows, and the Green–Ampt model for the infiltration. The source code is now publicly available online, along with complete documentation. The numerical model is verified against three different tests cases: firstly, a comparison with an analytic solution of the shallow water equations is introduced; secondly, a hypothetical flooding event in an urban area is implemented, where results are compared to those from an established model using a similar approach; and lastly, the reproduction of a real inundation event that occurred in the city of Kingston upon Hull, UK, in June 2007, is presented. The numerical approach proved its ability at reproducing the analytic and synthetic test cases. Moreover, simulation results of the real flood event showed its suitability at identifying areas affected by flooding, which were verified against those recorded after the event by local authorities.
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Sokolovsky, Artur, Thomas Gross, and Jaume Bacardit. "Is it feasible to detect FLOSS version release events from textual messages? A case study on Stack Overflow." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): e0246464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246464.

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Topic Detection and Tracking (TDT) is a very active research question within the area of text mining, generally applied to news feeds and Twitter datasets, where topics and events are detected. The notion of “event” is broad, but typically it applies to occurrences that can be detected from a single post or a message. Little attention has been drawn to what we call “micro-events”, which, due to their nature, cannot be detected from a single piece of textual information. The study investigates the feasibility of micro-event detection on textual data using a sample of messages from the Stack Overflow Q&A platform and Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) version releases from Libraries.io dataset. We build pipelines for detection of micro-events using three different estimators whose parameters are optimized using a grid search approach. We consider two feature spaces: LDA topic modeling with sentiment analysis, and hSBM topics with sentiment analysis. The feature spaces are optimized using the recursive feature elimination with cross validation (RFECV) strategy. In our experiments we investigate whether there is a characteristic change in the topics distribution or sentiment features before or after micro-events take place and we thoroughly evaluate the capacity of each variant of our analysis pipeline to detect micro-events. Additionally, we perform a detailed statistical analysis of the models, including influential cases, variance inflation factors, validation of the linearity assumption, pseudo R2 measures and no-information rate. Finally, in order to study limits of micro-event detection, we design a method for generating micro-event synthetic datasets with similar properties to the real-world data, and use them to identify the micro-event detectability threshold for each of the evaluated classifiers.
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Brovelli, M. A., M. Minghini, C. E. Kilsedar, M. Zurbarán, M. Aiello, and M. Gianinetto. "MIGRATE: A FOSS WEB MAPPING APPLICATION FOR EDUCATING AND RAISING AWARENESS ABOUT MIGRATION FLOWS IN EUROPE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W2 (July 5, 2017): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w2-51-2017.

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Recent years have seen a noticeable growth in migration flows from Africa and Middle East to Southern Europe, thus generating a remarkable increase of attention on media and public opinion, sometimes resulting in stereotypes and prejudices. Funded by the European Commission – Joint Research Centre through the MYGEOSS program, MIGRation pATtterns in Europe (MIGRATE) aims at educating the citizens about migration fluxes in Europe using a gamification approach based on a trivia game. MIGRATE is completely developed with Free and Open Source Software. On the server-side Django is used to define the models that handle all the required data and tables are created in a PostgreSQL database. Questions and answers are sent in JSON format to the client, while the geospatial layers in GeoJSON format are rendered on the map interface using OpenLayers 3. Bootstrap, HTML5 and CSS3 are used for responsive design, while the jQuery library is used to ease the JavaScript programming. All the data sources used within MIGRATE are available as full and open access with no restrictions for reuse, except for the obligation to mention the source of the input data. Exploited data sources include OpenStreetMap for geospatial information, and UNHCR, IOM, Eurostat and The Migrant’s Files project for non-geospatial information. Overall, data shows how the users’ perceptions change while playing and that players’ awareness of migration-related problems increases with the number of games played. The source code of MIGRATE and the collected data are available respectively under the EU Public License (EUPL) and the CC BY 4.0 license.
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Mergili, Martin, Jan-Thomas Fischer, Julia Krenn, and Shiva P. Pudasaini. "r.avaflow v1, an advanced open-source computational framework for the propagation and interaction of two-phase mass flows." Geoscientific Model Development 10, no. 2 (February 6, 2017): 553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-553-2017.

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Abstract. r.avaflow represents an innovative open-source computational tool for routing rapid mass flows, avalanches, or process chains from a defined release area down an arbitrary topography to a deposition area. In contrast to most existing computational tools, r.avaflow (i) employs a two-phase, interacting solid and fluid mixture model (Pudasaini, 2012); (ii) is suitable for modelling more or less complex process chains and interactions; (iii) explicitly considers both entrainment and stopping with deposition, i.e. the change of the basal topography; (iv) allows for the definition of multiple release masses, and/or hydrographs; and (v) serves with built-in functionalities for validation, parameter optimization, and sensitivity analysis. r.avaflow is freely available as a raster module of the GRASS GIS software, employing the programming languages Python and C along with the statistical software R. We exemplify the functionalities of r.avaflow by means of two sets of computational experiments: (1) generic process chains consisting in bulk mass and hydrograph release into a reservoir with entrainment of the dam and impact downstream; (2) the prehistoric Acheron rock avalanche, New Zealand. The simulation results are generally plausible for (1) and, after the optimization of two key parameters, reasonably in line with the corresponding observations for (2). However, we identify some potential to enhance the analytic and numerical concepts. Further, thorough parameter studies will be necessary in order to make r.avaflow fit for reliable forward simulations of possible future mass flow events.
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Teutscher, Dennis, Timo Weckerle, Ömer F. Öz, and Mathias J. Krause. "Interactive Scientific Visualization of Fluid Flow Simulation Data Using AR Technology-Open-Source Library OpenVisFlow." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 6, no. 9 (September 14, 2022): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti6090081.

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are being used more and more in the industry to understand and optimize processes such as fluid flows. At the same time, tools such as augmented reality (AR) are becoming increasingly important with the realization of Industry 5.0 to make data and processes more tangible. Placing the two together paves the way for a new method of active learning and also for an interesting and engaging way of presenting industry processes. It also enables students to reinforce their understanding of the fundamental concepts of fluid dynamics in an interactive way. However, this is not really being utilized yet. For this reason, in this paper, we aim to combine these two powerful tools. Furthermore, we present the framework of a modular open-source library for scientific visualization of fluid flow “OpenVisFlow” which simplifies the creation of such applications and enables seamless visualization without other software by allowing users to integrate the visualization step into the simulation code. Using this framework and the open-source extension AR-Core, we show how a new markerless visualization tool can be implemented.
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48

Zavada, A. A., M. M. Pavlenko, O. M. Naumchak, and S. A. Ratushnyi. "IMPROVED BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE AUTOMATED SYSTEM OF THE DETECTION AND EVALUATION OF DESTRUCTIVE INFORMATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLUENCE IN ELECTRONIC MEDIA." Проблеми створення, випробування, застосування та експлуатації складних інформаційних систем, no. 17 (December 30, 2019): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.46972/2076-1546.2019.17.01.

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In the work the existing specialized software for information space monitoring (content monitoring), which is designed to identify information threats and destructive information and psychological influences that are spread by the enemy was analyzed. The main functions of content monitoring systems are presented and problems that arise during their work are considered. The technical concepts used to solve the problems of big-data processing, searching and navigating dynamic information flows were analyzed. There are also major disadvantages to using existing open source electronic monitoring tools that do not allow the processing of the unstructured big-data. These include working with small, medium, large data, ease of search capabilities, lack of quality of analysis tools and business orientation. The main purpose of the developed software product is determined, which is to increase the efficiency of information and analytical work of the military authorities in search and analysis of documents obtained from open sources of information, its general structure and the main functions are defined. An approach to the creation of specialized software for detecting and evaluating the destructive information and psychological influence in electronic media for military authorities is proposed, which should make the operator's work as easy as possible: to provide him with a limited selection of documents, eliminating unnecessary filtering; provide convenient tools for evaluating. Functional diagram of the software is proposed, which consists of three main blocks: information, broadcast, computing.
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McInerney, Paul-Brian, and Kirsten Andersen. "Networks of innovation: tracing the structures of flows among not-for-profit open source software foundations, philanthropies and intermediaries, 2004–06." Voluntary Sector Review 5, no. 1 (March 31, 2014): 47–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204080514x13915102247894.

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50

Pérez-Padillo, José, Jorge García Morillo, Emilio Camacho Poyato, and Pilar Montesinos. "Open-Source Application for Water Supply System Management: Implementation in a Water Transmission System in Southern Spain." Water 13, no. 24 (December 20, 2021): 3652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13243652.

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Sustainable water use has become a critical issue for the future of the planet in face of highly probable climate change. The drinking water supply sector has made significant progress over the last 20 years, although improvements in the management of urban hydraulic infrastructures are still required. The proposed system, Integrated Tool for Water Supply Systems Management (ITWSM), built on three interconnected modules (QGIS database, Epanet hydraulic model, and Google My Maps app), was developed on open-source software. The core of ITWSM allows analyzing the behavior of water supply systems under several operation/failure scenarios. It facilitates decision making supported by the mobile application ITWSM-app. Information flows easily through the different decision levels involved in the management process, keeping updated the georeferenced database after system changes. ITWSM has been implemented in a real public water supply company and applied to manage breakdown repairs in water transmission systems. The use of the proposed methodology reduces the average cost of failure repair by 13.6%, mainly due to the optimal planning of the resources involved.
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