Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Open planning

Contents

Journal articles
Dissertations / Theses
Books
Book chapters
Conference papers
Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Open planning'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Open planning.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Open planning"

1

Shilcock, Maggie. "Planning an Open Afternoon." Veterinary Nursing Journal 12, no. 1 (January 1997): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17415349.1997.11012869.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Mertens, Elke. "Bioclimate and city planning – open space planning." Atmospheric Environment 33, no. 24-25 (October 1999): 4115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1352-2310(99)00153-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Vogelij, Jan. "Is planning theory really open for planning practice?" Planning Theory & Practice 16, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2015.1004901.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Sucan, Ioan A., Mark Moll, and Lydia E. Kavraki. "The Open Motion Planning Library." IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine 19, no. 4 (December 2012): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mra.2012.2205651.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Legacy, Crystal. "Regional planning for open space." Australian Planner 47, no. 2 (June 2010): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07293681003767801.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Hess, George R., and Terri J. King. "Planning open spaces for wildlife." Landscape and Urban Planning 58, no. 1 (January 2002): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-2046(01)00230-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Wilkinson, Paul F. "URBAN OPEN SPACE PLANNING IN FRANCE." Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure 11, no. 1 (January 1988): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07053436.1988.10715294.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Veal, A. J. "Planning for open space and recreation." Australian Planner 56, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07293682.2020.1739091.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Currie, Ken, and Austin Tate. "O-Plan: The open planning architecture." Artificial Intelligence 52, no. 1 (November 1991): 49–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(91)90024-e.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Allmendinger, Phil, and Graham Haughton. "Opening up Planning? Planning Reform in an Era of ‘Open Government’." Planning Practice & Research 34, no. 4 (June 18, 2019): 438–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2019.1630973.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Open planning"

1

Onur, Ahmet Hakan. "Optimal open pit design and planning." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305650.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Berndtsson, Carl. "Open Geospatial Data for Energy Planning." Thesis, KTH, Energisystemanalys, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-186392.

Full text

Abstract:

Geographic information systems (GIS) are increasingly being used in energy planning and by private sector practitioners. Through qualitative interviews with 49 leading practitioners in the public and private sector, this thesis establishes the data of most importance, current open access data sources for energy access along with the information currently lacking from open data sources. The interviews revealed grid infrastructure, population density, renewable power potential and energy expenditure to be the most sought after data for both practitioners’ groups. However, it was evident that the private sector had a stronger focus on land, water resource and climate data determining the renewable power potential for a specific area of interest, while the public sector focused on socioeconomic indicators and energy expenditure. A following data aggregation and analysis of the most desired datasets showed that a majority of the needed datasets were available with the exception of energy expenditure. A least-cost option electrification model developed by KTH-dESA has proven to be a powerful tool in assessing the cost of nationwide electrification. This thesis compares the average least-cost option electrification cost for each region in Tanzania with a projected average income. The comparison showed that the average household cost for least-cost option electrification as a share of projected household income varies between regions. The average share per household in the western regions of Tanzania were significantly higher compared to households in the central and eastern regions. The comparison was combined with the geographical location of donor-supported energy development projects showing that majority of the projects were located in the central parts of Tanzania and not targeting the most vulnerable households in regions furthest away from the national grid. In order to successfully introduce electricity nationwide in Tanzania, more support needs to be provided to the poorest regions. Open data aggregation and coordination are the key to expand the support from GIS for energy access. Even though multiple data sources have been identified, they are scattered and leads to data being collected again. Coordinated efforts aimed to provide means to share aggregated updated and freely accessible data can help reduce high transaction costs, helping to alleviate energy poverty.
Geografiska informationssystem (GIS) används i allt större utsträckning inom energiplanering och av privata aktörer. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med 49 ledande aktörer i offentlig och privat sektor redogör denna rapport för de viktigaste dataseten för aktörer, befintliga källor för öppen data och vilka informationsluckor som finns i dessa källor. Intervjuerna visade att dataseten gällande energiinfrastruktur, befolkningstäthet, potential för förnybar energi och energiutgifter var viktigast för både offentlig och privat sektor. Privat sektor hade ett större fokus på land, vatten och klimatdata, som alla är viktiga för att avgöra ett områdes potential för förnybar energi. Offentlig sektor hade ett större intresse av socioekonomiska faktorer och energiutgifter. En dataaggregation och analys visade att de mest eftertraktade dataseten fanns öppet tillgängliga med undantag för energiutgifter. En modell för energialternativ till lägsta kostnad utvecklad av KTH-dESA har visat sig vara ett kraftfullt verktyg för att kostnadsbedöma en landsomfattande elektrifiering. I en fallstudie för Tanzania jämför denna rapport den genomsnittliga kostnaden för hushåll för en implementering av en sådan elektrifiering med en beräknad genomsnittlig hushållsinkomst. Jämförelsen visade att kostnaden för hushållen som andel av total hushållsinkomst varierar kraftigt mellan regioner. Den genomsnittliga andelen av hushållsinkomsten som skulle läggas på elektricitet i de västra regionerna av Tanzania var betydligt högre jämfört med de centrala och östra regionerna. Jämförelsen kombinerade även detta resultat med den geografiska positionen hos biståndsstödda energiprojekt. vilken visade att majoriteten av dessa projekt fanns i de centrala delarna av landet och inte i de mest utsatta regionerna som präglas av låg genomsnittlig inkomst och långa avstånd till det nationella kraftnätet. För att framgångsrikt kunna genomföra en landsomfattande elektrifiering behöver mer stöd ges till dessa regioner. Aggregation av öppen data och koordinering är nyckeln till att framgångsrikt utveckla GIS som stöd vid framtida energiprojekt som syftar till att ge fler tillgång till elektricitet. Trots att flertalet datakällor kunde identifieras är dessa spridda vilket leder till att data behöver samlas in gång på gång. Koordinerade insatser för att öka möjligheten till att dela redan insamlad öppen och uppdaterad data kan bidra till att minska transaktionskostnader och därmed minska energifattigdomen

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Schroeder, George Wittman. "Multiuse Corridor Master Planning: Integrating Infrastructure and Open Space Planning." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33465.

Full text

Abstract:

Infrastructure and open space planning can be brought together to create a system of multiuse corridors that accommodate multiple types of infrastructure, recreation trails and open space, while protecting natural resources. Some of the potential benefits of this system is more efficient use of fewer utility easements, a more comprehensive open space system that can be paid for by utility users, and less environmental damage from utility placement. A multiuse corridor planning process is described that is meant to be used by a multiple disciplinary team to plan for infrastructure and open space in the context of town, city or region. This process inventories all human infrastructure such as roads, waterlines, and electric and natural infrastructure, such as streams, rivers, forests, wetlands, and geologic features. An assessment is made on what areas are most likely to need infrastructure in the future and a conceptual plan is put together to best serve those needs. A conceptual open space plan is created to serve the needs of future development areas. The infrastructure and the open space plans are woven together using routing guidelines and typical multiuse corridor sections to best design these multiuse corridors. This thesis brings together infrastructure and open space planning at the city and regional level.
Master of Landscape Architecture

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Berry, Daniel (Daniel Kevin). "Detroit : open city." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37663.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 232-236).
Detroit is often regarded as America's largest city in decline, a metropolis that has failed to recover from an insidious cycle of deindustrialization, racism, suburban flight and laggard politics. This image of the city highlights the tragic aspects of Detroit's urban development and obscures the numerous initiatives and opportunities for social and spatial development that have emerged as a result of the city's particular evolution. This thesis examines the recent transformations in Detroit's urban environment to provide a more nuanced picture of the city and to develop new planning tools that address its ills. To do this, I explore the major forces that have affected the city over the last 100 years and survey the efforts of 10 ocal initiatives engaged in the process of urban reconstruction. This analysis informs the final component of the thesis, a collection of strategies for urban design, spatial management, and social-cultural development that illustrate ways in which Detroit could reprogram vacant and, bolster ailing public schools, reorganize its planning processes, improve communication and discover the opportunities lurking in its human and physical landscape.
(cont.) While Detroit remains a distressed urban environment, it is also a unique terrain that has the potential to evolve in innovative ways. Detroit: Open City reinterprets Detroit as a landscape of opportunity and offers a vision for development that hinges on the belief that the power of imagination is central to the practice of democracy, and that the work of governing must engage the dreams and visions of citizens.
by Daniel Berry
M.C.P.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Li, Chung-yin Priscilla. "People, open space and planning : a case study of Wan Chai district /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21041933.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Folea, Ligia. "Integrating open innovation in the strategic planning process." St. Gallen, 2009. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/07601388001/$FILE/07601388001.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Anderson, J. Michael. "Open pit mine planning using simulated gold grades." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0016/MQ54442.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Barland, Martin. "Motion Planning Framework for Industrial Manipulators using the Open Motion Planning Library (OMPL)." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for teknisk kybernetikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18422.

Full text

Abstract:

Robotic manipulators are used in many different scenarios these days. If one of these manipulators is moved from one location to another it may require a total reprogramming of that manipulator because of the new environment the robot is working in. This is because the path planning and trajectory planning scheme which works in one environment might not be suitable in another. This text takes a look at how an intuitive and easy to use motion planning framework for finding paths in different static environments or scenarios can be made. The use of the Open Motion Planning Library has been used for the path planning and second-order cone programming solved by SeDuMi in Matlab has been used for finding the time-optimal trajectory.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Ling, Xiaohong Michelle. "Accessibility of open space : a study of urban morphology and its relation to open space use in the Wanchai District of Hong Kong /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40708627.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Ronson, Kenneth Albert. "Computerised open pit planning and the development and application of a software open pit planner." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ55948.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Books on the topic "Open planning"

1

Percy, Richard. Planning for open space. [U.K.]: Sport England, 2002.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Scotland. Scottish Executive. Development Department. Planning and open space. [Edinburgh]: Scottish Executive, Development Dept., 2003.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Mark, Kuchta, ed. Open pit mine planning & design. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1998.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Hustrulid, William. Open pit mine planning & design. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1995.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Mark, Kuchta, ed. Open pit mine planning & design. 2nd ed. London: Taylor & Francis Group, 2006.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Open space planning in India. Bern: P. Lang, 1990.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Hustrulid, W. A. Open pit mine: Planning and design. Rotterdam: Balkema, 1995.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Metropolitan Toronto (Ont.). Planning Dept. Policy Development Division. Parks and open space. Toronto: The Division, 1988.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Planning, Llewelyn-Davies. Open space planning in London: Final report. London: London Planning Advisory Committee, 1992.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Tom, Turner. Public open space: Planning & management with GIS. London: University of Greenwich, 1998.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Open planning"

1

Burton, Paul, Anne Tiernan, Malcolm Wolski, Lex Drennan, and Lochlan Morrissey. "Resilient Cities, User-Driven Planning, and Open Data Policy." In Open Cities | Open Data, 383–400. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6605-5_17.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Petrasova, Anna, Brendan Harmon, Vaclav Petras, Payam Tabrizian, and Helena Mitasova. "Trail Planning." In Tangible Modeling with Open Source GIS, 133–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89303-7_10.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Petrasova, Anna, Brendan Harmon, Vaclav Petras, and Helena Mitasova. "Trail Planning." In Tangible Modeling with Open Source GIS, 83–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25775-4_7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Kent, Jennifer L., and Susan Thompson. "Public Open Spaces." In Planning Australia’s Healthy Built Environments, 155–74. New York : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge research in planning and urban design: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315524573-11.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Bynum, Curtis R., Rebecca Kemmerer, and David W. Wright. "Recreation and Open Space Planning." In Urban Planning Guide, 333–77. New York, NY: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780872625464.ch13.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Lazou, C. "Planning for Information Resources Centres." In Open Systems For Europe, 149–60. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3073-6_12.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Leurent, Edouard, and Odalric-Ambrym Maillard. "Practical Open-Loop Optimistic Planning." In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases, 69–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46133-1_5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Colpaert, Pieter. "Route Planning Using Linked Open Data." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 827–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07443-6_56.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

McHarg, Ian L. "Open space from Natural Processes." In The Ecological Design and Planning Reader, 181–90. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-491-8_18.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Moses, Jonathon W. "Direct Planning in Norway: 1948–58." In OPEN States in the Global Economy, 69–96. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333977859_4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Open planning"

1

Auge, Jean-Luc, Gert Grammel, Esther le Rouzic, Vittorio Curri, Gabriele Galimberti, and James Powell. "Open optical network planning demonstration." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2019.m3z.9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Strasser, Benjamin. "What's in a game: game-theoretic analysis for third party planning." In Open Architecture/Open Business Model Net-Centric Systems and Defense Transformation 2021, edited by Raja Suresh. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2589560.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Ferrari, Alessio, Mark Filer, Esther Le Rouzic, Jan Kundrat, Bruno Correia, Karthikeyan Balasubramanian, Yawei Yin, Gert Grammel, Gabriele Galimberti, and Vittorio Curri. "GNPy: an open source planning tool for open optical networks." In 2020 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ondm48393.2020.9133027.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Mao, Mingrui, and Ying Long. "Open data, crowdsourcing, and city planning." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Geoinformatics. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/geoinformatics.2014.6950829.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Starzynski, Jacek, Robert Szmurlo, Bartosz Chaber, and Zuzanna Krawczyk. "Open access system for radiotherapy planning." In 2015 16th International Conference on Computational Problems of Electrical Engineering (CPEE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpee.2015.7333376.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Bomans, K., V. Dewaelheyns, and H. Gulinck. "Missing categories in open space planning." In SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp090311.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Muniandy, Manoranjitham A. P., Liong Kah Mee, and Lim Kok Ooi. "Efficient route planning for travelling salesman problem." In 2014 IEEE Conference on Open Systems (ICOS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icos.2014.7042404.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Osipov, Vladimir, and Vladimir Sudakov. "The Fuzzy Origin–Destination Matrix Estimation for Planning Air Traffic." In 2020 Ivannikov Ispras Open Conference (ISPRAS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispras51486.2020.00031.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

"AN OPEN OBJECT ORIENTED PATH PLANNING SYSTEM." In 2nd International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001177600170024.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Souici, B. "The impact of information technology on open urban space: the case study of Taksim square." In SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING 2015. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp150201.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Open planning"

1

Peles, S. Open source Modeling and optimization tools for Planning. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1343841.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Adhikari, Kamal, and Bharat Adhikari. Nepal Sanitation Movement Lessons Learnt on Targets and Monitoring. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.012.

Full text

Abstract:

Many governments in Asia and Africa have set ambitious target dates for their countries becoming open defecation free (ODF). Some have recently concluded national sanitation campaigns; a number of countries have campaigns underway; while others are in the conceptualising and planning process. Monitoring and reporting results is one of the key challenges associated with these campaigns. This case study accompanies the publication: ‘Monitoring sanitation campaigns: Targets, reporting and realism’ which presents lessons learnt to date to inform ongoing and future government campaigns intended to end open defecation and improve access to safely managed sanitation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Adhikari, Kamal, Bharat Adhikari, Sue Cavill, Santosh Mehrotra, Vijeta Rao Bejjanki, and Matteus Van Der Velden. Monitoring Sanitation Campaigns: Targets, Reporting and Realism. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.009.

Full text

Abstract:

Many governments in Asia and Africa have set ambitious target dates for their countries becoming open defecation free (ODF). Some have recently concluded national sanitation campaigns; a number of countries have campaigns underway; while others are in the conceptualising and planning process. Monitoring and reporting results is one of the key challenges associated with these campaigns. This Frontiers of Sanitation presents lessons learnt to date to inform ongoing and future government campaigns intended to end open defecation and improve access to safely managed sanitation. Firstly, we discuss campaigns, targets, monitoring, reporting, and verification arrangements, showing how these processes can be used to increase the credibility of national declarations and strengthen campaigns to respond to challenges. Secondly, we present case studies from India and Nepal, providing campaign-specific details from two recently declared ODF countries.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Taher, Raya, Farah Abu Safe, and Jean-Patrick Perrin. Not In My Backyard: The impact of waste disposal sites on communities in Jordan. Oxfam, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7734.

Full text

Abstract:

Waste disposal sites across Jordan pose serious risks to the environment and to public health if not managed safely. Municipal waste decomposing in open landfills also takes an environmental and socio-economic toll on neighbouring communities. While the Government of Jordan is planning to reduce the number of operational landfills and improve waste management services, persistent issues associated with unsustainable waste practices and their associated effects on the wellbeing of surrounding communities and the environment need to be addressed. Guaranteeing a sustainable waste management scheme for communities in Jordan should include increased consideration of the long-term effects that waste disposal sites have on neighbouring communities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Temple, Dorota S., Jason S. Polly, Meghan Hegarty-Craver, James I. Rineer, Daniel Lapidus, Kemen Austin, Katherine P. Woodward, and Robert H. Beach III. The View From Above: Satellites Inform Decision-Making for Food Security. RTI Press, August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2019.rb.0021.1908.

Full text

Abstract:

Despite notable progress in reducing global poverty and hunger in recent decades, about one out of nine people in the world suffers from hunger and malnutrition. Stakeholders charged with making decisions pertaining to agricultural production, development priorities, and policies at a region-to-country scale require quantitative and up-to-date information on the types of crops being cultivated, the acreage under cultivation, and crop yields. However, many low- and middle-income countries lack the infrastructure and resources for frequent and extensive agricultural field surveys to obtain this information. Technology supports a change of paradigm. Traditional methods of obtaining agricultural information through field surveys are increasingly being augmented by images of the Earth acquired through sensors placed on satellites. The continued improvement in the resolution of satellite images, the establishment of open-access infrastructure for processing of the images, and the recent revolutionary progress in artificial intelligence make it feasible to obtain the information at low cost and in near-to-real time. In this brief, we discuss the use of satellite images to provide information about agricultural production in low-income countries, and we comment on research challenges and opportunities. We highlight the near-term potential of the methodology in the context of Rwanda, a country in sub-Saharan Africa whose government has recognized early the value of information technology in its strategic planning for food security and sustainability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.

Full text

Abstract:

This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!