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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Open plan'
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Greenland, Emma Elizabeth. "Acoustics of open plan classrooms in primary schools." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506704.
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Cheung, Man-ping Mervyn. "Need analysis and planning a study of open education in Hong Kong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3197529X.
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Jahncke, Helena. "Cognitive performance and restoration in open-plan office noise." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arbetsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-18374.
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This dissertation presents four experimental studies (in four papers) with the overall aim to investigate the effects of office noise on cognitive performance and restoration. In the first two papers the focus was on the effects of different sound levels (i.e., the mean level from all sound sources at an office, such as speech, phones, people walking) on performance, fatigue and stress. In the last two papers the focus was on the effects of background speech, as this has previously been shown to be the most disturbing noise source in open-plan offices. Paper I demonstrated decreased word memory performance, increased fatigue and motivational deficits when the background sound level increased by 12 dB, from 39 to 51 dB LAeq. Paper II showed that the sound level effects were more pronounced for individuals with a hearing impairment. Unexpectedly, no effects were found of acute noise exposure on the participant´s stress hormone levels (Paper I and Paper II).Regarding effects of irrelevant speech, Paper III showed that cognitive performance decreased as a function of background speech intelligibility, the higher the intelligibility depicted by the Speech Transmission Index (STI), the worse the performance. The results indicated that the STI-value must be less than 0.50, to avoid a negative influence on performance. Further, both Paper III and IV showed that performance is more impaired by background speech if the focal task requires episodic memory and rehearsal—such as word memory and information search. Interestingly, some tasks were insensitive for speech.The restorative effects of a break were addressed in Paper I and II (i.e., directly after the work sessions in noise). The break period differed in content between the participants. Paper I showed that a break with a nature movie with corresponding sound increased energy ratings compared to just listening to river sounds or office noise. Continued exposure to office noise gave the lowest ratings of motivation after the break. Paper II showed improved arithmetic performance and motivation after the break with a nature movie and decreased performance and motivation after continued noise exposure. For the hearing impaired participants, however, continued noise during the break increased motivation and performance, while the movie did not.Taken together, the current thesis demonstrates that open-plan office noise can have a negative impact on fatigue, motivation and performance. How much performance is impaired varies with the cognitive processes required by the tasks performed and hearing status. Moreover, continued noise exposure during a short break can further decrease motivation and subsequent performance.<br><p>Godkänd; 2012; 20120831 (heljah); DISPUTATION Ämne: Teknisk psykologi/Engineering Psychology Opponent: Docent Mats Nilsson, Psykologiska institutionen, Stockholms universitet Ordförande: Professor Håkan Alm, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Fredag den 23 november 2012, kl 10.30 Plats: F719J, Luleå tekniska universitet</p>
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Cheung, Man-ping Mervyn, and 張民炳. "Need analysis and planning: a study of open education in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3197529X.
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Ng, Wun-yin. "Impacts of the indoor environment on the health of occupants in open-plan offices in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2004. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B37931039.
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Althaus, Danielle Rose. "City of San Luis Obispo Open Space Vegetation Management Plan." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1235.
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This Master’s Professional Project is focused on the development of a draft Vegetation Management Plan for the City of San Luis Obispo Open Space properties. The purpose of the plan is to provide a comprehensive document which identifies how the city is addressing wildfire preparedness in city-owned open space properties. Methods used in plan development include a literature review, content analysis, geographic information systems (GIS), a course audit, and consultation with city staff and other stakeholders. Each open space property is identified in the plan, describing its location, vegetation, topography, assets, access points, water supply, evacuation routes, historical fire data, predominant risk exposure, current wildfire preparedness plan, priority ranking, and a proposed implementation plan.
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Kovář, Jan. "Open source pobočková ústředna YATE." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219365.
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The work discusses about the PBX Yate, describes its configuration from the initial installation, through the basic setup and description of the way through the logs of user registration, the syntax for defining the calling plan, including examples, and additional services, including demonstration of practical verification of the functionality in the computer lab. Are also created two samples job for more familiar with the principles of operation and the Yate PBX settings.
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Rodríguez, Sandoval Manuel Sebastián. "Optimización del plan de producción conjunto cielo abierto - subterránea." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/151879.
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Magíster en Minería.
Ingeniero Civil de Minas<br>Hoy en día, las minas a cielo abierto están siendo cada vez más profundas, lo que hace cada vez más atractivo el recuperar las reservas restantes mediante métodos subterráneos, tanto en las partes más profundas del pit como en sus zonas circundantes. Por lo tanto, estas operaciones han empezado a desarrollar nuevas estrategias para extraer el mineral mediante operaciones subterráneas. Para cuerpos masivos, los métodos más rentables son los que consideran el hundimiento de la roca, en particular, los métodos de block/panel caving, debido a sus bajos costos operacionales y alta productividad con respecto a otros métodos subterráneos de extracción. Las metodologías aplicadas para definir el periodo óptimo de transición desde la mina a cielo abierto a la subterránea son casi siempre limitados o sesgados, debido a que tienden a darle prioridad a la primera, que no necesariamente resulta en el VAN óptimo.
En este trabajo, se propone una nueva metodología para maximizar el VAN basado en la secuencia de agendamiento para el caso conjunto cielo abierto a panel caving. Primero, se calculan las envolventes económicas para la mina a cielo abierto y la mina de panel caving, considerando potenciales pilares coronas entre ellos a modo de estabilidad. Después, se realiza el secuenciamiento de bloques y la maximización del VAN, considerando restricciones operacionales y geomecánicas para estudiar su influencia en el agendamiento.
Este modelo de optimización ha sido aplicada tanto a modelos de bloques sintéticos y aquellos de escala minera. Los planes de producción, cambios en el periodo óptimo de transición, el secuenciamiento de los bloques, la alimentación a planta y las variaciones del VAN se analizan basados en los diferentes grupos de parámetros y variantes de extracción para suplir el ramp-up de la mina subterránea. Dichas variaciones en el caso de estudio tienen un impacto importante en el periodo óptimo de transición (pasando desde el año 31 hasta el año 50), enfrentando bajas importantes en la alimentación a planta en los planes de carácter secuencial durante la transición. El VAN, por su parte, no difiere de manera importante al analizar el proyecto desde su inicio (variación cercana al 1.2\% entre el peor y el mejor caso). Sin embargo, si se toma el año inicial para el análisis del VAN en un periodo posterior, como lo es el año 30 de la extracción, las diferencias son de mayor importancia (cercano al 93\% entre el peor y el mejor caso).
Esta metodología es una herramienta que puede ayudar al planificador a observar diferentes casos durante la transición. Sin embargo, se recomienda incluir más componentes al modelo, como es la incorporación de un modelo geomecánico extenso tanto para la mina a cielo abierto como la subterránea, además de la integración de fases e interacción entre ellas en este primer método, y la integración de sectores o paneles en el segundo.<br>Este trabajo ha sido parcialmente financiado por CSIRO y AMTC
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Guz, Yunus O. "Computational tool support of open-building design." Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1338876.
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The thesis explores the possible use of parametric object definitions during capacity analysis to support Open Building design processes.The study proposes that design criteria regarding possible size, position and relation of design elements can be formulated and modeled parametrically. Then developed parametric data can be used as library objects during the exploration of dwelling unit layout alternatives. Parametric models, holding explicit design information can be shared, modified and re-used in different design cases. The process and criteria used in the study are based on S.A.R. (Stichting Architecten Research) methods described in the study, "Variations - The Systematic Design of Supports" focused particularly on residential building types. Parallel to the S.A.R methods, the study focuses on the spatial capacity analysis between a floor plate and a number of alternative dwelling unit layout arrangements. Other capacity analyses such as structural, daylight or thermal performances can be formulated and studied in a similar way, but are not included in this study.GDL (Geometric Description Language), a programming medium for ArchiCAD software, is used for the production of parametric models. The Keyenburg housing project designed by Dutch architect Frans Van Der Werf is taken as a base-building model to demonstrate the development and the use of parametric models.Keywords: Open Building, capacity analysis, parametric objects, design constraints, GDL (Geometric Description Language)<br>Department of Architecture
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Bush, Douglas J. "Bishop Peak Natural Reserve Conservation Plan Update." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1482.
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My master's project is updating the Conservation Plan for the Bishop Peak Natural Reserve (BPNR) in San Luis Obispo, California. It is a professional project for the City of San Luis Obispo, supported by City policy that requires continued management of its open space network through management plans unique to each property. As one of the city's most visited open spaces and one of its most visible natural landmarks, the Bishop Peak Natural Reserve is in need of continued management and oversight. While much of the work in developing the plan focused on identifying issues and developing responsive policy, this background report takes a step back, focusing on the underlying principles and municipal policies which direct those efforts. This paper serves as a background report for the planning process including an overview of methodology and policy development. One of the primary goals set forth in the BPNR update process is to improve of management capacity and increase the potential for successful implementation. To accomplish this, the reports shows how aspects of an Adaptive Management approach can be integrated into plan review and development. This background report is intended to complement the plan itself and therefore issues not covered within this report are covered within the plan.
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Arnerlöv, Karin, and Cecilia Bengtsson. "Open-Plan Offices : The Importance of the Ambient Conditions´ Characteristics for Employee Satisfaction." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1245.
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<p>The ambient conditions such as air quality, noise, music, temperature, lighting and colour, in open-plan offices and their impact on employees are important for managements to recognize because open-plan offices are becoming more and more common in Swedish companies' office design today (Aronsson, 2005). For students, who will soon be entering the work force, it is important to understand how the characteristics of the ambient conditions can influence employee behaviour/satisfaction.</p><p>To have a working knowledge of what kinds of effects the ambient conditions can have is likely to increase one's chances of becoming a satisfied employee. An employee that is aware of the importance of creating a servicescape (the attributes of the physical surrounding) that meets its needs and desires is likely to enhance its satisfaction in the ambient conditions. A great number of managements may not be aware of the risks of working in an open-plan office where the ambient conditions are not satisfying the employees; ergonomic issues as well as heart diseases are the most serious results (Evans and Johnson, 2000, pp. 780-782). This leads to the problem formulation of this thesis: "How can management improve employee satisfaction in an open-plan office through the characteristics of a servicescape's ambient conditions?”.</p><p>Four main theories are included in the Theoretical Framework to provide a deep understanding for the reader about the complexity of problems that comes with working in an open-plan office. The Bitner theory and the research compiled by Sundstrom discuss ambient conditions and their impacts on employees' behaviour/satisfaction. Evans and Johnson’s theory discusses how stress is related to low-intensity noise. The final main theory, Person-Environment Fit, upholds the importance of a servicescape that fits employees’ needs and desires.</p><p>The ambient conditions influence employee behaviours in numerous ways (Davis, 1984, pp. 271) and at Sogeti’s open-plan office several ambient conditions are studied through an observation conducted during April 17th 2007 and a questionnaire with 15 closed questions. The outcomes of the observation and the questionnaire are analysed and concrete proposals are created for the Sogeti management to act upon in order to improve the characteristics of their open-plan office’s ambient conditions and thereby improve employee satisfaction.</p><p>One of the concrete proposals to how Sogeti may improve the ambient conditions in their open-plan office is to introduce a survey that should be handed out to the employees three or four times a year. The purpose of the survey is to define employees’ perceptions of the different ambient conditions.</p><p>Based on the outcomes from the survey, employees’ needs and desires of the servicescape, the ambient conditions’ characteristics, can be improved. Also, some examples of actions geared towards reducing the level of noise in the Sogeti open-plan office are to use ear phones when listening to music and to leave the open-plan office when conducting phone calls. The concrete proposals developed based on the Sogeti employees’ perceptions of the ambient conditions in the open-plan office are outcomes of this thesis that may serve as a tool for the Sogeti management to improve the ambient conditions of their servicescape and thereby increase employee satisfaction.</p>
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Lachman, Karissa. "An exploration of employees' experience of privacy in an open-plan office environment." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5840.
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Gruel, Nancy L. "Effects of open-plan housing on perceived household crowding among families with children." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-170237/.
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Rashid, Samhar Hikmat Rashid. "The Influence of Indoor Environment Quality on Academic Productivity in the Open-plan Workplace." Thesis, Curtin University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/88107.
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This study investigates the effectiveness of the open-plan office layout for academic work within higher education institutions and aims to determine which aspects of Indoor Environment Quality (IEQ) impact upon academic productivity within this context. A multiple case study methodology was adopted, to explore the effects of six IEQ factors on academics’ satisfaction, motivation, mood and productivity. The results indicate that academic workplaces have specific design needs in order to support academic work activates.
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Ibrahim, Ayman Wagdy Mohamed. "Predicting glare in open-plan offices using simplified data acquisitions and machine learning algorithms." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/204266/1/Ayman%20Wagdy%20Mohamed_Ibrahim_Thesis.pdf.
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Glare in open-plan offices can negatively affect the productivity and well-being of office workers. Accurate glare prediction is challenging, as occupants' sensitivity to glare may differ under the same conditions. Developed as part of an ARC Linkage Project, this thesis challenges the limitations prevalent in current glare metrics by delivering a new model of predicting glare for open-plan offices. By utilising machine learning (ML) techniques, more accurate tools and methods are unlocked to assist architects and lighting engineers in the early stages of the design process. They ultimately enable more efficient daylit office designs with reduced glare discomfort in Australia.
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Riley, Bijan N. "Irish Hills Natural Reserve Conservation Plan Update." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/569.
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The Irish Hills Natural Reserve Conservation Plan is a unique component of the Cityof San Luis Obispo’s green belt that provides a number of hiking and mountain bikingtrails within a short distance from the downtown core as well as ensures that valuablehabitat be preserved into the future. As the subject of my thesis project, IHNR presented the opportunity to pursue an aspect of city planning that can often be over-looked and, conservation planning. Conservation planning is an important element of the planning profession in that it incorporates such elements into the future growth of cities. With proper planning it is possible to foresee future development patterns and thus be able to designate and protect high value natural resource areas as open space, in order to preserve and protect their resources. In addition to setting the guidelines for preserving and protecting the natural resources and important habitats of Irish Hills, the conservation plan has a secondary effect of ensuring the future health of the surrounding habitats.
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Evans, Marise Meredith Tillman Thomas S. "Maximizing collaborative problem solving within higher education design studios with a minimal open floor plan." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Industrial_Design/Thesis/Evans_Marise_58.pdf.
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Off, Dominik Manuel [Verfasser], and Jianwei [Akademischer Betreuer] Zhang. "Hierarchical Plan-based Robot Control in Open-Ended Environments / Dominik Manuel Off. Betreuer: Jianwei Zhang." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1035503794/34.
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Shahzad, Salome Sally. "Individual thermal control in the workplace : cellular vs open plan offices : Norwegian and British case studies." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9730.
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This research is based on the challenge in the field of thermal comfort between the steady state and adaptive comfort theories. It challenges the concept of standard ‘comfort zone’ and investigates the application of ‘adaptive opportunity’ in the workplace. The research question is: ‘Does thermal control improve user satisfaction in cellular and open plan offices? Norwegian vs. British practices’. Currently, centrally controlled thermal systems are replacing individual thermal control in the workplace (Bordass et al., 1993, Roaf et al., 2004) and modern open plan offices are replacing traditional cellular plan offices in Scandinavia (Axéll and Warnander, 2005). However, users complaint about the lack of individual thermal control (Van der Voordt, 2003), which is predicted as an important asset to the workplace in the future (Leaman and Bordass, 2005). This research seeks users’ opinion on improving their satisfaction, comfort and health in two environments with high and low levels of thermal control, respectively the Norwegian and British workplace contexts. Two air conditioned Norwegian cellular plan offices which provide every user with control over a window, blinds, door and the ability to adjust the temperature are compared against two naturally and mechanically ventilated British open plan offices with limited thermal control over the windows and blinds for occupants seated around the perimeter of the building. Complimentary quantitative and qualitative methodologies are applied, with a particular emphasis on grounded theory, on which basis the research plan is formulated through a process of pilot studies. Occupants’ perception of their thermal environment within the building is recorded through a questionnaire and empirical building performance through thermal measurements. These traditional techniques are further reinforced with semi-structured interviews to investigate thermal control. A visual recording technique is introduced to analyse the collected information qualitatively regarding the context and meaning. The ASHRAE Standard 55-2010 and its basis do not apply to the case study buildings in this research. This thesis suggests that thermal comfort is dynamic rather than fixed. Occupants are more likely to prefer different thermal settings at different times, which is in contrast with providing a steady thermal condition according to the standard ‘comfort zone’. Furthermore, the occupants of the Norwegian cellular plan offices in this research report up to 30% higher satisfaction, comfort and health levels compared to the British open plan offices, suggesting the impact of the availability of individual thermal control. This research suggests that rather than providing a uniform thermal condition according to the standard ‘comfort zone’, office buildings are recommended to provide a degree of flexibility to allow users to find their own comfort by adjusting their thermal environment according to their immediate requirements.
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Mansour, Mona, and Frida Karlsson. "Hur upplever medarbetare inom bemanningsbranschen den horisontella verbala kommunikationen och lagandan i ett öppet kontorslandskap?" Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-542.
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<p>Det råder delade meningar om konsekvenserna av att arbeta i öppna</p><p>kontorslandskap. Kommunikation och en bra laganda anses vara ett</p><p>grundläggande element i framgångsrika organisationer. Då användandet av</p><p>öppna kontorslandskap ökat finns ett behov av forskning inom området.</p><p>Syftet är att utifrån ett arbetspsykologiskt perspektiv undersöka</p><p>medarbetarnas upplevelse av kontorslandskap med fokus på den verbala</p><p>kommunikationen och lagandan mellan medarbetarna, detta genom åtta</p><p>deltagare i Downs & Hazens (1977) Communication Satisfaction</p><p>Questionnaire samt semistrukturerade intervjuer. Respondenterna upplever</p><p>en öppen och positiv verbal kommunikation dock upplevs den även som ett</p><p>störningsmoment. Lagandan upplevs som stark och främjande av den</p><p>individuella och organisatoriska prestationen. Arbetssituationen skulle</p><p>förbättras om privata utrymmen upprättas samt regler och rutiner gällande</p><p>agerande i kontorslandskap införs.</p>
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Bergdahl, Catarina. "Säkerhets- och arbertsmiljöarbete på Arbetsförmedlingen : Naturlig utveckling och påtvingade förändringar." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-21088.
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Arbetsförmedlingen is the Swedish national authority responsible for the work politics, and its main purpose is to create and build a solid and sustainable job market.Economic crises together with changes in the society and in the organization over the past few years mean that the unemployed individuals that come in contact with Arbetsförmedlingen are no longer a homogenous group. A lot of effort is put into helping those who may find it difficult to enter the work environment, such as youths (19 – 26 years old), people who have been unemployed or on sick leave for a long period of time, people with disabilities or immigrants who are newly arrived in Sweden.A harder social and economic climate can lead to frustration among the unemployed which mean that security measures at the offices has had to become adjusted. Local offices now have a public area where they have meetings with their clients and a locked open plan office space to which the public have no access. Working within an open plan office environment can cause health problems, mostly due to the constant background noise that comes from people having conversations on the phone, or with each other. The public areas have been furnished from a safety aspect, and different alarm functions are in place. Interviews with employees at the local Arbetsförmedlingen in Eskilstuna show that staff safety is a high priority with plenty of guidelines and directions to be followed.There are rules regulating the handling of personal information, and strategies need to be in place regarding the IT-structure that the organization is using.
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Huang, Robin Chi-Feng. "An exploration of an open-plan design studio, a conceptual model of the physical and social-psychological environment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ31837.pdf.
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Rogers, Kevin F. "Developing a Plan for Sermon Feedback to Evaluate the Expository Preaching of the Pastors of Open Arms Church." Thesis, Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13865605.
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<p> The project director developed a plan for sermon feedback to evaluate the expository preaching of the pastors of Open Arms Church (OAC), in Upstate New York. Understanding that no preacher has arrived, the project director recognized an opportunity to help the teaching pastors of OAC continue to grow as expository preachers. The project director sought to identify key sermon criteria as well as effective feedback methods OAC pastors could utilize to seek sermon improvement. </p><p> Over a period of twelve months, from January 2018 to December 2018, the project director engaged in research and interacted with preaching experts, OAC pastors, and non-pastoral OAC members to develop a feedback plan. The project director recognized biblical and theological foundations for the feedback plan through a study of key scriptures (Prov 19:20, Acts 15:1–35, Acts 18:24–28, and 1 Cor 2:1–5). By reviewing select preaching texts, the project director identified important content, structural, and delivery elements of expository sermons. He surveyed preaching literature and interviewed church leaders to discover various approaches to sermon feedback. A panel of preaching experts—Greg Heisler, Scott Pace, Stephen Rummage, and Hershael York—provided qualitative evaluations for each stage of the plan’s development. OAC pastors and a group of OAC members also reviewed the plan for clarity and usefulness. </p><p> The project director included three documents in the final feedback plan: a list of twenty key expository sermon elements, an overview of three integrated methods for feedback, and a sermon feedback guide that evaluators could use to provide sermon critique. The project director recognized that by working in cooperation with others, he produced a better feedback plan than he would have if he had worked alone. He anticipated the continued benefit of working in collaboration with others by participating in the implementation of the project at OAC.</p><p>
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Liu, Yiwei. ""Atrium type" collective housing in Suzhou: : applying bioclimatic principles in open building design." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1191712.
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iDuring the past twenty years, China has been making dramatic progress in both the quality and the quantity of collective housing construction. However, many old problems still exist, and many more new problems have emerged, especially in some historical and compact but now fastgrowing cities, such as Suzhou, a 2500-year historic city with more than one million people.The objective of this study is to explore a design strategy to improve the collective dwelling environment --- the most popular dwelling type in China today --- in such a fast growing context. In order to provide an improvement in urban dwelling environments for residents, it is necessary to rethink the interaction between the individual resident and his or her dwelling. "Because building a house is a cultural phenomenon, its form and organization are greatly influenced by the cultural milieu to which it belongs."' In concurrence with this statement, this study examines not only the contemporary urban situation and typical residential environment but also the traditional urban fabric and housing settlement.Based on the principle that a harmonious environment results from "a whole range of sociocultural factors"Z, this study seeks several equilibriums: between the urban tissue and the building, between the building and the dwelling, between nature and the human being. The author's longterm goal is to apply the knowledge gained in this study in future practice.In the first part of this report, theoretical research is presented concerning the evolution of Chinese housing. Narrowing its geographical focus, this study selects Suzhou, a medium-size city at Yangtze Delta --- one of the most rapidly growing and developing plains in China --- as the site for the study. The historical dwelling pattern and current public housing style have been studied. Drawing on extensive research and field observation, the scope of the study is confined to rebuilding the harmony between human beings in all their diversity and common needs, and the morphological, functional and environmental aspects of residential environments.In the second part, a design model is proposed. Inspired by traditional interdisciplinary design strategies, as well as by a brief study of contemporary social needs, the author has proposed a new housing type: bio-climatic "atrium type" collective housing. This type links bioclimatic design principles to the framework of Open Building. On this basis, an experimental design proposal is next presented. In a specific site, it examines a way to help people exercise control of their immediate living environment, with both individual and social sustainable perspectives in mind.<br>Department of Architecture
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Hong, Zhong. "Opportunities for open building to support China's urban housing production operating on a market model." Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1338877.
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As China's economy continues to grow, the problem of meeting urban residents' diverse housing requirements has become more and more important for government, housing developers, and architects. In western countries, especially in European countries and Japan, the "open building" concept is increasingly recognized as an alternative to the conventional approach in the housing sector, and many projects have been built. This thesis asks whether changing the housing process in the market-based urban housing production system in China can provide new and profitable opportunities for those business types which already set the stage for open building implementation in selected parts of the Chinese urban housing market.The thesis first studies China's urban housing development history and the current housing market. The changing roles of housing consumers and the characteristics of the market-based urban housing production system indicate that the open building process might be useful at least in some parts of the Chinese housing market.The second focus of this thesis is a study of a townhouse, one of four popular housing types in China. A townhouse in the market is chosen as a reference to demonstrate the principles of the open building process, showing the design and technical possibilities for this method in that context.The third focus is the study of an existing decoration company with successful experience in residential projects and an attempt to show that the open building approach is a possible outgrowth of an already operating process.In conclusion, the thesis seeks to demonstrate that open building will not only benefit companies and housing consumers in China's urban housing sector, but also promote the development of sustainability in the residential sector.<br>Department of Architecture
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Rhodes, Eric Michael. "OPENING THE SUBURBS AFTER OPEN COMMUNITIES: THE DAYTON PLAN AND THE FAIR-SHARE ERA OF FAIR HOUSING, 1968–1981." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1557933763625301.
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Poncetti, Nicolas. "Noise annoyance in open-plan offices and occupant fatigue : A study on the influence of age-related hearing loss." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, INSA, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ISAL0131.
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Les bureaux ouverts sont courants dans le secteur tertiaire, mais les occupants se plaignent souvent du bruit, en particulier des conversations entre collègues. Ce problème peut affecter différemment les personnes ayant une audition normale et celles souffrant de presbyacousie. Cette étude examine donc l'impact d'une perte auditive légère (le début de la presbyacousie) sur la performance ainsi que sur la fatigue et la charge de travail perçue, en se concentrant sur l'effet de la parole non pertinente. Une analyse de la décrément de performance lors d'une tâche de mémoire sérielle en fonction du niveau d'intélligibilité du bruit de parole a été réalisée avec de jeunes ayant une audition normale, dans deux conditions auditives : avec et sans simulateur de perte auditive, ainsi qu'avec des sujets âgés malentendants. Les participants ont été exposés à cinq conditions de bruit ainsi qu'au silence. L'intelligibilité subjective a également été mesurée. Les résultats ont montré une différence mineure, non significative, de décrément de performance entre les participants normo-entendants et malentendants. Le simulateur de perte auditive a produit des résultats comparables à ceux du groupe des personnes âgées, validant ainsi son efficacité. Une deuxième expérience, impliquant une exposition prolongée au bruit, a été menée pour examiner des facteurs tels que la fatigue et la charge de travail, qui sont difficiles à évaluer dans des expériences plus courtes comme la première. Dans cette expérience, une journée de travail a été simulée dans un bureau ouvert, où les participants ont effectué des tâches bureautiques tout en étant exposés à la parole non pertinente. Les résultats indiquent que l'intelligibilité du bruit ne semble pas avoir d'impact significatif sur la fatigue et la charge de travail perçues. De même, aucune différence notable n'a été observée entre les deux groupes étudiés<br>Open-plan offices are common in the tertiary sector, yet occupants often complain about noise, particularly from co-worker conversations. This issue can differently affect normal hearing people and those with presbycusis. This study examines the impact of mild hearing loss (early-stage presbycusis) on performance, fatigue, and perceived workload, with a focus on the effect of irrelevant speech. An analysis of the decrease in performance on a serial recall task as a function of the intelligibility level of irrelevent speech was conducted with young, normal-hearing subjects under two auditory conditions: with and without a hearing loss simulator, as well as with hearing-impaired elderly subjects. Participants were exposed to five noise conditions and silence. Subjective intelligibility was also measured. The results showed a minor, non-significant difference in decrease of performance between normal-hearing and hearing-impaired participants. The hearing loss simulator produced results comparable to those of the older group, validating its efficacy. A second experiment involving prolonged noise exposure was conducted to examine factors such as fatigue and workload, which are challenging to evaluate in shorter experiments like the first one. In this experiment, a working day was simulated in an open-plan office, where participants performed clerical tasks while exposed to irrelevant speech. The results indicate that the intelligibility of the noise does not appear to significantly impact perceived fatigue and workload. Again, no notable differences were observed between the two groups studied
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Hellman, Anna, and Ida Hellström. "Effekten av bakgrundstal på prosaminne : Kan ett annorlunda teckensnitt skydda från distraktion?" Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-14451.
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Den här experimentella studien undersökte huruvida man kan skyddas från bakgrundstal genom att använda sig av ett annorlunda teckensnitt än det man vanligtvis läser. Trettiotvå försöksdeltagare deltog i experimentet. Deltagarnas uppgift var att minnas information från texter om två påhittade folkslag som antingen var skriven med ett vanligt teckensnitt (Times New Roman) eller ett annorlunda teckensnitt (Haettenschweiler) i två ljudbetingelser: tystnad och irrelevant bakgrundstal. Resultatet visade att försöksdeltagarnas prestation på läsminnestestet försämrades av bakgrundstalet när texten de skulle minnas var skriven med Times New Roman, men inte när texten var skriven med Haettenschweiler. Det tyder på att man kan skyddas från att bli distraherad av bakgrundstal när man läser kortare texter skrivna med ett annorlunda teckensnitt, vilket kan vara en enkel lösning att använda i ett kontorslandskap.<br>This experimental study investigated whether a person can be protected from background speech when using of a different font then they usually reads. Thirty-two participants took part in the experiment. The participants' task was to recall information from texts about two fictitious cultures that were either written in a common font (Times New Roman) or in a different font (Haettenschweiler) in two sound conditions: silence and irrelevant background speech. The results showed that the participants' performance deteriorated on the reading memory test when they would remember a text written in Times New Roman, but not when the text was written in Haettenschweiler. This suggests that a person can be protected from background speech while reading shorter texts written in a different font than they usual read, which can be a simple solution to use in an open-plan office.
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Straubel, Andrew. "Evaluation of a long-term preaching plan for preaching the Book of Hebrews to the Church of the Open Bible." Dallas, TX : Dallas Theological Seminary, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2986/tren.001-1265.
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Hays, Laurie Jo. "Open Education: Its Development in America and Its Influence on Current Educational Themes." UNF Digital Commons, 1991. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/129.
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This paper investigates the origins of the Open Education movement in the United States and traces its development throughout the twentieth century. Pioneers of the movement are discussed, with an extensive description of John Dewey's work provided. Political and social forces which affected Open Education throughout the century are described. Finally, current trends in education are examined to determine whether Open Education remains in practice. Conclusions and implications for classroom practice are included.
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Mattocks, Kathleen. "Intergovernmental cultural policy coordination in the European Union : the open method of coordination and the 2011-2014 work plan for culture." Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/17104/.
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This thesis examines the European Union’s Open Method of Coordination (OMC) in the field of cultural policy. The OMC, a method of intergovernmental policy coordination that is centrally coordinated by the European Commission, was introduced in the cultural field in 2008. Using a case study of Policy Priority A in the 2011-2014 Work Plan for Culture, this thesis examines how the OMC operates as well as what outcomes it produces. It does so using a sociological institutionalism theoretical framework, supplemented with insights from the literatures on multi-level governance and policy learning. It uses a combination of research methods including document analysis, interviews with key actors, and participant observation, ultimately leading to new insights into the processes and practices of EU policy coordination. Findings on the processes of coordination reveal insights into the EU’s inter-institutional dynamics and demonstrate that the European Commission is a key player in the culture OMC. They also indicate considerable heterogeneity in how Member States ‘approach’ participation in the OMC and indicate that ultimately there is a weak connection between the OMC and national-level politics. Findings also show that the outcomes of coordination are multifaceted; while few examples of direct political and programmatic change were found, there is a complex set of other outcomes, including increased vertical coordination, socialisation and networking, and heuristic learning and concept usage. The thesis’ findings make contributions to several multi-disciplinary areas of academic research. They add most directly to the literatures on EU cultural policy, specifically on the processes and outcomes of policy coordination in the field, and contribute a new sectoral case study to the existing literature on the Open Method of Coordination as well. They also make broader contributions to the study of cultural policy (in particular cultural policy approached from a political science/public policy perspective), policy learning, and European governance and integration.
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Santos, André Ferreira dos. "Plano de negócios - Swim Together : férias de natação de águas abertas." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19969.
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Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais<br>Estando inserida num dos desportos mais praticados do mundo e com maiores benefícios para a saúde, a natação de águas abertas é uma modalidade realizada em lagos, rios ou mar aberto, caraterizada pelo constante contato com diversas variáveis.
O presente Trabalho Final de Mestrado propõe um plano de negócios para um conceito inovador em Portugal: campos de treino e de férias de natação de águas abertas. Este tipo de turismo desportivo consiste na comercialização de pacotes organizados, onde qualquer nadador, independentemente do seu nível de nado, é levado a nadar em locais únicos, em segurança e na companhia de guias experientes.
Ao longo deste documento é feito um estudo detalhado à envolvente externa ao negócio e aos fatores que podem influenciar positiva e negativamente toda a operação. É também realizada a validação do serviço apresentado junto de potenciais clientes, bem como uma avaliação junto de parceiros, quanto à recetividade em colaborar com o projeto, denominado de Swim Together.
Por último, através das métricas alcançadas, em comunhão com os indicadores financeiros previstos e que justificam a viabilidade e atratividade desta startup, acredita-se que seja possível captar investimento.<br>Being inserted in one of the most practiced sports in the world and with greater health benefits, open water swimming is a discipline performed in lakes, rivers or open sea, characterized by constant contact with various variables.
This Master's Final Work proposes a business plan for an innovative concept in Portugal: open water swimming training and holiday camps. This type of sport tourism consists in organized packages, where any swimmer, regardless of their swimming level, is taken to swim in unique locations, in safely with the company of experienced guides.
Throughout this document a detailed study is made of the external environment of the business and the factors that can influence positively and negatively the entire operation. It is made the validation of the service presented to potential customers, as well as an evaluation with partners, regarding the receptiveness to collaborate with the project, called Swim Together.
Finally, through the metrics achieved, in communion with the expected financial indicators that justify the viability and attractiveness of this startup, it is believed that it is possible to capture investment.<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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ZHANG, Xinnan. "Knowledge Workers' Space Use and Verbal Communication Behavior in Construction Companies Offices -Case Studies on Territorial, Non-territorial and Big Open Plan Workplaces-." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/142563.
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Norberg, Marika, and Maria Johansson. "Maskeringens effekt på återgivning av semantiskt kategoriserade ord : om effekten av att maskera bakgrundstal med ett brus." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12371.
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Den här studien grundar sig på skillnader mellan återgivning av ord, sorterade efter semantiska kategorier, i förhållanden med rent tal och maskerat tal. 32 personer deltog i studien där de först blev visuellt presenterade för en lista med 15 semantiska ord som skulle memoreras och sedan återges i fri ordning i två olika betingelser av bakgrundsljud, tal och maskerat tal. Utifrån tidigare studier utformades studiens hypoteser; vid återgivningen ökar antalet visuellt presenterade ord när bakgrundstalet maskeras av ett brus jämfört med när bakgrundstalet spelas upp utan maskering. Antalet auditivt presenterade ord som återges minskar när bakgrundstalet maskeras av ett brus jämfört med när bakgrundstalet spelas upp utan maskering. Resultaten gav stöd åt hypotesen att försökspersonerna återgav fler visuellt presenterade ord när bakgrundstalet maskerades av ett brus. Resultatet gav stöd åt hypotesen att försökspersonen återgav färre auditivt presenterade ord när bakgrundstalet maskerades av ett brus.<br>This study examined free recall performance in two acoustic conditions, speech and masked speech. Thirty-two students participated in the study. They were visually presented to word lists that were constructed by semantic similarity. After presentation the participants were instructed to recall as many words as possible in free order. The recall session occurred in the two different speech conditions. Based on earlier studies two hypotheses were stated; when the background speech were mixed with masking noise, recall performance of correct words would increase compared to the speech condition. It was also assumed that the masking noise would decrease the number of intrusions from the speech, compare with the number of intrusions made in the unmasked speech condition. The result gave support to the hypothesis that number of correct words increases in masked speech and the number of intrusions decreases in masked speech.
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Li, Jing Qiang. "Designing constraints for capacity analysis of residential floor areas." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1292545.
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This thesis focuses on the development of design constraints for use in analyzing the capacity of the residential units' floor areas in Open Building projects. Two cases are used to demonstrate the use of these constraints: a vacant office building (Kales Building) being converted to residential occupancy; a new multi-story building the lower floors of which are hotel rooms and the upper floors are residential condominium units.The thesis suggests that these constraints and the capacity analysis of residential floor areas associated with them can assist design teams, at the beginning of similar projects; provide important "added value" to clients, and contribute to the long term "sustainability" or adaptability of buildings.The first part of the thesis addresses the question of how to design a residential base building which can accommodate an optimal number and variety of fit-out unit layouts. The answer to the question links to the need for design constraints and points to their use in capacity analysis.The second part of the thesis focuses on the deduction of "constraint-designing" for Open Building residential layout. Plumbing systems, which are one of the most significant barriers to the application of Open Building, are specifically and more deeply studied in this part. A series of constraints are developed, which can generally assist in designing and analyzing floor plate capacity. . It is akin to learning to know the rules before starting a game.The third part of the thesis focuses on the demonstration of the uses of constraints in the design process of the conversion of an abandoned office building to residential uses.The last part of the thesis demonstrates the use of constraints and capacity analysis in a new multi-story condo project.In short, the paper is initially concerned with both the design concept and its application into detail levels in one of the many issues. It is a study of methods and technical rules of designing floor plan layouts when capacity analysis is the aim.<br>Department of Architecture
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Iniguez, Jose Fernando. "An open lunch intervention targeting sense of belonging within a house plan small learning community the impact on student engagement and staff perceptions and practices /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Tuglu, Nil. "Lived Experience of Activity Based Working : An explorative study of the change of workspaces at IKEA to an activity-based environment." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-67373.
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Backgroud: This master thesis is about discovering the concept of ‘Activity- Based Working (ABW)’ and its application to the specific case of IKEA. ABW is a phenomenon in office design and management. From a physical perspective, it discards private offices, desks and desktop computers assigned for individual’s permanent use (Parker, 2016). Instead, the office space is rearranged with various areas tailored for different work tasks, such as hubs for teamwork, meeting areas, cubicles, phone booths, workshop areas and more (Parker, 2016; Ditchburn, 2014). The application of ABW involves in the behavioral environment in addition to the physical one. The behavioral environment is aimed to encourage collaboration, creativity, team work and flexible working (Koetsveld & Kamperman, 2011). The concept of ABW is yet under-researched. The existing literature presents the driving factors of open-plan and partially activity-based workspaces from an organizational perspective. The driving factors and expected outcomes of ABW are steered by the work-related needs by the practitioners and scholars. The needs identified by scholars, which are leading companies to take an action towards ABW are mainly organizational needs. The empirical studies reveal positive and negative outcomes of activity- based way of working, affecting physical and behavioral environments of employees, without building a relationship between the work-related needs and the outcome. In addition, these studies are very limited and they do not cover the reflections of driving factors on employees. Addressing this gap, I want to add to the literature on office space by presenting an empirical case of IKEA, which combines the rationales and experiences of employees shortly after their workspace has been transformed to ABW. My purpose is not to point out the positive or negative experience, but to reveal employees’ interpretation of the new workspace and how they experience it. Research question: How do employees interpret the rationales around the transformation of their office space into ABW and how do they experience the ABW environment? Purpose: To investigate the lived experience of IKEA employees in a physically and behaviorally changing workspace and to problematize the relationship of the rationales and experiences of employees. Method: This research is an explorative case study. The data presented in findings is collected through semi-structured interviews. Thirteen interviews conducted in three different locations of IKEA. Conclusion: The study concluded as the lived experience of employees is not mainly parallel to the rationales of organization towards changing to an activity-based environment. The findings revealed a tension between the driving factors and the lived experience. Driving factors reflect what is planned by the organization; whereas the lived experience do not directly show the impact of driving factors on the outcome. The lived experience brings the attention to the social needs of employees to be considered in workspace.
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Xiao, Xiao. "Promoting conservation subdivision development in sprawl areas a framework of formulating local government strategies /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1267547469.
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Thesis (Master of Community Planning)--University of Cincinnati, 2010.<br>Advisor: Xinhao Wang. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Apr. 20, 2010). Includes abstract. Keywords: Conservation Subdivision Development; Open Space; Marketing; Marketing Plan; Promoting; Strategies. Includes bibliographical references.
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Ceder, Maria, and Camilla Hellström. "Det maskerande brusljudets påverkan på inlärningen av visuell information : om effekten av maskerande brusljud i öppna kontorslandskap." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12404.
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Denna experimentella studie undersökte om maskerande brusljud på ovidkommande tal påverkar inlärning av visuell information. Experimentet genomfördes i ett laboratorium med 32 försöksdeltagare. Visuella ord presenterades för försöksdeltagarna samtidigt som auditivt tal från samma semantiska kategori, med eller utan maskerande brusljud, presenterades. De visuella orden skulle återges i valfri ordning. Resultatet av studien visar att ett maskerande brusljud på ovidkommande tal har positiv effekt på inlärningsförmågan. Detta visades av att försökspersonerna mindes fler visuellt presenterade ord samt att de lyckades ignorera det ovidkommande talet bättre då talet maskerades av ett brusljud jämfört med om talet inte maskerades av ett brusljud. Resultaten av studien kan med fördel tillämpas i öppna kontorslandskap. Detta då medarbetare i öppna kontorslandskap ofta utför kognitivt krävande uppgifter i en bullrig miljö innehållande bland annat bakgrundstal. Ett maskerande brusljud kan minska störningen av ovidkommande kontorsljud och ovidkommande tal och på så sätt positivt påverka arbetsprestationen.<br>This study examined if a masking white noise on irrelevant speech affects the encoding of visual information. An experiment was carried out in a laboratory with 32 participants. The participants were presented to a series of written words and were prompted to recall these words in any order. While the participants studied the written words, irrelevant speech from the same semantic category was presented with or without a masking noise. The participants were told to ignore the irrelevant speech. The results of this study showed that the number of intrusions from the irrelevant speech decreases and the number of recalled written words increases when the irrelevant speech is masked by a white noise compared to irrelevant speech without a masking noise. The findings of this study could be applied in the acoustic design of open-plan offices where cognitive tasks, such as reading comprehension and proofreading, are performed in a noisy environment. A white noise can reduce the intelligibility of office noise and irrelevant speech, which have positive effect on work performance.
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Petersson, Elin, and Arpita Patel. "Öppen planlösning i flerbostadshus : En studie om värdeskapande bostadskvalitéer enligt brukare och arkitekt." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-27601.
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Syfte: Öka kunskapen om vilka bostadskvalitéer som tillför värde för brukarna i ett flerbostadshus. Metod: Etnografisk ansats, dokumentanalys, kvalitativ innehållsanalys, intervjuer med brukare och inredningsarkitekt samt observationer är metoderna som har använts i studien. Resultat: Målet med studien har varit att analysera öppna planlösningars utformning i ett flerbostadshus, baserat på perspektiv och åsikter från både arkitekt och brukare. Värdeskapande kvalitéer som brukarna ser med öppen planlösning är öppenhet och ljus. Den öppna planlösningen är en stor social yta vilket både brukare och arkitekt tycker är en viktig kvalité. Idag har köket utvecklats till en trend och statusmarkör vilket återspeglas i dess design och utformning. Konsekvenser: De studerade planlösningarna är flexibla eftersom brukarna själva kan bestämma funktion för rummen. Kök och vardagsrum möbleras och får olika funktioner beroende på brukarnas preferenser och åsikter. Vidare ska lägenheter med öppen planlösning vara socialt hållbara genom att kök och vardagsrum ska kunna skiljas av. I studien är de stora lägenheterna socialt hållbara medan de mindre saknar möjlighet för avskiljning och flexibilitet. Begränsningar: Studien går inte applicera på andra brukare för att få fram samma resultat. Studien lyfter brukarnas åsikter om sin bostad och det finns inte ett generellt giltigt svar i deras värderingar. Flerbostadshus med hyresrätter valdes för att i större mån nå brukare i olika åldrar och med olika bakgrund.<br>Purpose: To increase the knowledge about valuable housing qualities for residents in a housing estate. Method: An ethnographical approach was used as a method in the study along with document analysis, qualitative content analysis, interviews with residents and an interior designer along with observations. Findings: The aim of the study has been to analyse open plan solutions in a housing estate based on opinions and perspectives from residents and an interior designer. The open plan solution works as one big social area where qualities such as space and brightness are highly appreciated by both residents and the interior designer. The kitchen has through its design become a trend and a status marker. Implications: The analysed plan solutions are flexible because the residents have the opportunity to decide what function the room should have. The kitchen and living room can be furnished in different ways and through those fulfil different types of functions according to the residents’ preferences. Apartments that have open plan solutions need to be socially sustainable which can be achieved if the kitchen and living room can be divided into separate rooms. The big apartments in this study are socially sustainable but the smaller apartments are not because of the lack of flexibility. Limitations: This study cannot be applied on other residents in order to come to the same conclusion. The study focuses on the residents opinions about their home and therefore there is no generally valid answer. The reason for choosing housing estates for this study was to be able to reach residents with different backgrounds and ages.
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Pavlík, Jan. "Informatizace státní správy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192365.
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The diploma thesis deals with informatization of public administration and eGovernment in the Czech Republic. The main objective of the thesis is to suggest a project plan that will support informatization of public administration and eGovernment in accordance to the analyzed documents. The thesis compares development of informatization within Czech Republic and its level of eGovernment to other European Union members with recommendations for improvement. Main strategic documents connected with EU programs and the partnership agreement are also included. In the chapter about Smart Administration appraisal of the situation is carried out and the main projects are presented. As we are currently at the turn of the programming period, the thesis is focused both on the 2007-2013 and 2014-2020 programming period. Subsequently requirements for the project plan were determined in accordance to the analyzed documents. The selected project plans support the informatization of the public administration and one of their main targets is Czech citizen. Project plan form is created. Finally, project plans of Electronic elections system and The Public administration's open data catalog is chosen and presented.
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DI, BLASIO SONJA. "Occupant behaviour as a resource for acoustic comfort. Validation and evaluation of a device for the reduction of noise generated by occupants in classrooms and offices." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2861840.
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Williams, Murray Noel. "Building Yesterday's Schools: An Analysis of Educational Architectural Design as Practised by the Building Department of the Canterbury Education Board from 1916-1989." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Humanities, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9591.
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This thesis considers the nature of primary, intermediate and district high school buildings designed by the Building Department of the Canterbury Education Board from its consolidation in 1916 until its termination in 1989. Before 1916, the influence of British models on the CEB’s predecessors had been dominant, while after that date, Board architects were more likely to attempt vernacular solutions that were relevant to the geographic situation of the Canterbury district, the secular nature of New Zealand education and changing ideas of the relative importance of the key architectural drivers of design i.e. function and form. One development, unique to Canterbury, was that for a short period, from 1924-29, a local pressure group, the Open Air Schools’ League became so powerful that it virtually dictated the CEB’s design policy until the Board architects George Penlington and John Alexander Bigg reassumed control by inflecting the open-air model into the much acclaimed veranda block. The extent to which Board architects had the freedom to express themselves within a framework of funding control exercised by the Department of Education was further circumscribed by successive building codes that, at their most directive, required national standardisation under the 1951 Dominion Basic Plan and to a slightly lesser extent under the1956 code and associated White Lines regime. Following World War 2, the use of prefabricated structures had prompted the recognition that better designed relocatable rooms could hold the key to a more flexible and effective allocation of resources in an environment increasingly subject to rapid demographic change. By the end of the period, the exploitation of new construction technologies and modern materials led to the dominance of the relocatable CEBUS buildings in Canterbury schoolyards. A concurrent development was the response of architects A. Frederick (Fred) McCook and John Sinclair Arthur to the Department’s call to design more flexible spaces, i.e. open planning, to facilitate a change in pedagogical method. Other issues raised in this study are the CEB’s solutions to the challenges of building on the West Coast, and the recurring need to ensure structural integrity in a region where there was a continuous risk of seismic activity.
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Danielsson, Thérèse. "Samband mellan ljud i öppna kontorslandskap och behovet av återhämtning efter arbetstid : - En kvantitativ studie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för arbetshälsovetenskap och psykologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-32532.
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Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning indikerar att höga ljud i öppna kontorslandskap har negativ inverkan på kontorsanställdas prestation och välmående på arbetet. Trots att flertalet studier har gjorts kring olika kontorsmiljöer finns inte mycket forskning om hur ljud i öppna kontorslandskap påverkar behovet av återhämtning efter arbetstid. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka i vilken utsträckning upplevelsen av höga ljudnivåer och störande ljud på arbetsplatsen har samband med behovet av återhämtning efter arbetstid, bland anställda som arbetar i öppna kontorslandskap. Metod: Metoden bestod av en kvantitativ enkätstudie av tvärsnittsdesign. Behovet av återhämtning mättes utifrån en kortversion av Need for Recovery (NFR) Scale. Ljudnivåer och ljudstörningar mättes utifrån formuläret Ljudstörningar och höga ljudnivåer i arbetsmiljön. Enkäten skickades ut till kontorsanställda på 16 olika arbetsplatser runtom i Sverige, varav sammanlagt 61 respondenter medverkade i studien. Resultat: En hierarkisk multipel regressionsanalys visade ett positivt samband mellan höga ljudnivåer, ljudstörningar och återhämtningsbehov. Ett signifikant samband (p < .05) kunde konstateras mellan ljudstörningar och återhämtning som var oberoende av ljudnivåer. Däremot påvisades inget signifikant samband mellan ljudnivåer och återhämtningsbehov oberoende av ljudstörningar. Slutsats: Resultatet indikerar att störande ljud i öppna kontorslandskap har betydande påverkan på behovet av återhämtning efter arbetstid. Även om inget signifikant samband mellan prediktorvariablerna och utfallsvariabeln kunde påvisas kan ljudnivåer ändå vara betydande för upplevelsen av störande ljud och behovet av återhämtning. För att kunna dra kausala slutsatser är fortsatt forskning genom prospektiva studier nödvändigt.<br>Background: Research indicates that open plan offices are accompanied by high noise levels which have a negative impact on performance and wellbeing at work. However, little is known about how noise levels and noise annoyance associate with need for recovery (NFR) among employees in open-plan offices. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between experiences of high noise levels, noise annoyance and need for recovery among open-plan office workers. Method: The study was performed with a cross-sectional design. Need for recovery was measured with a short version Need for Recovery (NFR) Scale and noise levels and noise annoyance was measured with Noise Annoyance and High Noise Levels in Work Environments. The questionnaire was sent out to 16 workplaces in Sweden and contained responses from 61 employees. Results and conclusions: Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed a positive association between experienced high noise levels, noise annoyance and NFR. A significant (p < .05) association was found between noise annoyance and NFR, independent of noise levels. However, no significant association was found between noise levels and NFR when both predictors were included in the same model. Results suggest that noise annoyance, compared to noise levels, has a more important impact on NFR. Even if no significant association were found between both predictors and the outcome variable, noise levels might influence the experience of noise annoyance, and therefore also be important for NFR. However prospective studies are needed for causal inferences.
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Oliveira, Tiago de Almeida Cardoso Proença de. "As vicissitudes do espaço urbano moderno ou o menino e a água do banho." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de LIsboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11849.
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Tese de Doutoramento em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Teoria e Prática do Projecto, apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa, para obtenção do grau de Doutor.<br>Esta dissertação propõe-se a investigar sobre os métodos de composição que
caracterizam o espaço urbano moderno e as noções teóricas que o informam, com o objectivo de contribuir para a aferição das suas qualidades específicas. Discorrendo criticamente sobre perspectivas de diferentes autores, confrontam-se ideias, identificam-se noções operativas no sentido de apontar um caminho plausível para a interpretação do espaço urbano moderno.
Aplicando-se os resultados desta reflexão a realidade portuguesa, procura-se
caracterizar a sua circunstância e mais especificamente traçar a evolução de afinidades com o pensamento moderno europeu nas operações urbanas de iniciativa pública em Lisboa entre os anos de 1940 e 1970. Nesta abordagem observa-se ainda o modo como a concepção urbanística se relaciona com o desenho concreto do espaço arquitectónico e urbano.
Elege-se os Bairros dos Olivais, em particular o de Olivais Sul, como território
privilegiado para a validação deste raciocínio uma vez que, pelas suas características geográficas, pelas circunstâncias culturais da sua época, tanto no âmbito nacional como internacional, e pelas especificidades do seu processo de concepção e construção, se apresentam como terreno de confronto entre concepções diversas de espaço urbano.<br>ABSTRACT: This thesis ponders the composition methods that characterize modern urban space, as well as the theoretical notions that qualify it, in order to contribute to the evaluation of its specific qualities. Reflecting on the constructs of different authors we will confront ideas and try to identify operative notions and point out a plausible way of interpreting modern urban space.
Applying this reasoning to the Portuguese reality, one tries to characterize its circumstance and, more specifically to point out the evolution of affinities with modern European thinking that can be observed in public urban operations in Lisbon between the years of 1940 and 1970. This approach encompasses the way how urban conception relates to the design of urban and architectonic space.
The neighbourhoods of Olivais, particularly the one in Olivais Sul, are elected as a privileged ground to validate this reasoning, since their geographical characteristics, the cultural circumstances of their time, in Portugal as well as abroad, and the specificities of their conception and construction process, qualify them as a confrontation field for different conceptions of modern urban space.
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Costa, Marlene Furtado da. "Proposta de metodologia para avaliação da qualidade das águas na área de influência de minas a céu aberto : caso da mina N5SUL em Carajás-PA." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/130130.
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Indicadores de qualidade ambiental tem o objetivo de medir as variações de qualidade atribuídas pelas atividades humanas sobre os ecossistemas ambientais. Muitos desses indicadores resultam da composição de variáveis distintas voltadas para objetivos específicos diversos. Definir quais são as variáveis mais importantes dentro de um processo de avaliação ambiental é, sem dúvida, um dos maiores desafios dos responsáveis por esse tipo de estudo. Dentro do processo produtivo, é muito comum que se construa um banco de dados com informações de monitoramento da qualidade ambiental, composto de informações que não se integram de modo simplificado, indicando ações de ajustes ou mitigação de possíveis impactos sobre a qualidade do compartimento ambiental estudado. Quando se trata da avaliação da qualidade das águas é incomparável o volume de informações que geralmente se processa para viabilizar a medição da qualidade. Comumente se utilizam medições quantitativas e qualitativas de parâmetros físico-químicos, biológicos e hidrobiológicos, associados a efeitos antrópicos, geológicos, geomorfológicos, conectados entre si, ou dispersos em medições individuais. Diante do desafio de definir um modo de avaliação específico para a qualidade das águas na área de influência direta de uma mina a céu aberto, o presente trabalho propõe uma metodologia que possa indicar quais roteiros devem ser seguidos para que uma avaliação ambiental da qualidade das águas garanta que as variáveis escolhidas sejam medidas e classificadas ao longo das diferentes fases operacionais de uma mina céu aberto, iniciando no planejamento, se estendendo durante as fases de implantação, operação e descomissionamento. É essencial que as diretrizes estabelecidas sejam prontamente utilizadas pelos gestores operacionais de modo que mudanças de procedimentos operacionais possam ser realizadas em função do objetivo principal da manutenção da qualidade ambiental. A proposta metodológica foi aplicada em um projeto de mineração a céu aberto, Mina de N5Sul no Complexo Minerador de Carajás, no estado do Pará, Brasil, sendo possível efetuar medições ambientais para uma mesma rede de monitoramento da qualidade das águas em três fases distintas: planejamento, instalação e operação, onde os resultados iniciais demonstraram que mudanças nos procedimentos operacionais foram aplicados com sucesso para a manutenção da qualidade das águas no entorno da mina. Além disso, é de fundamental importância que a rede de medições seja mantida até a fase de descomissionamento, pois com a composição do banco de dados de informações será possível avaliar de forma efetiva os impactos da operação de uma mina sobre a qualidade das águas do entorno ao longo do tempo de sua vida útil.<br>Environmental quality indicators are intended to measure quality changes attributed by human activities on environmental ecosystems. Many of these indicators results from the composition of different variables have focused on several specific objectives. Defining which are the most important variables within an environmental assessment process is undoubtedly one of the greatest challenges for those responsible for this type of study. Inside of the production process, it is very common to build a database with environmental quality monitoring information consists of information that are not integrated in a simplified manner, indicating needs of adjustments or mitigation of potential impacts on the quality of environmental compartment studied. When it comes to the assessment of water quality, is unparalleled the amount of information that usually is processed to enable the measurement quality. Commonly are used quantitative and qualitative measurements of physical and chemical parameters, biological and hydro-biological associated with anthropogenic effects, geological, geomorphological, connected with each other, or dispersed in individual measurements. Faced to the challenge of defining a specific evaluation mode for the water quality in the area of direct influence of an open pit mine, this paper proposes a methodology that can indicate which routes should be followed for an environmental assessment of water quality to ensure that the chosen variables are measured and classified throughout the different operational phases of an open pit mine, starting in the planning, extending during the deployment phase, operation and decommissioning. It is essential that the guidelines established can be readily used by operational managers, so that changes in operational procedures to occur based on the primary objective of maintaining environmental quality. The methodology was applied in a mining project in the open, N5Sul mine in Complex Miner Carajás, in the state of Pará, Brazil, where it was possible to make environmental measurements for the same quality monitoring network of water in three distinct phases : planning, installation and operation, where initial results showed that changes in operational procedures have been successfully applied to the maintenance of water quality in the vicinity of the mine. Besides, it is very important that the network is maintained until the decommissioning phase, as to the composition of bank information will be possible to assess effectively the impact of a mine operation on the quality of the surrounding water over time of its life.
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Duquenne, Marianne. "Bioéconomie ouverte : production, communication et valorisation des résultats en recherche et développement du master plan bioéconomie de la région Hauts-de-France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILH040.
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La science ouverte est devenue une priorité politique en France depuis 2018, englobant diverses pratiques qui ont été largement explorées au sein de la communauté académique. Cependant, son application dans des domaines sensibles à la recherche et développement reste insuffisamment investiguée. La bioéconomie constitue un terrain particulièrement propice à cette réflexion dans un contexte à la fois pluridisciplinaire et plurisectoriel. Vaste et émergente, elle implique, sur les territoires, une diversité de parties prenantes issues de la recherche, de l'industrie et du secteur agricole. La région Hauts-de-France, fortement engagée, aspire à devenir un leader dans ce secteur d'ici 2025. Dans ce contexte, comment les parties prenantes de la bioéconomie s'organisent-elles dans la production, la communication et la valorisation de leurs actions en recherche et développement ? Cette recherche s'interroge sur l'articulation des principes de la science ouverte avec une stratégie régionale de recherche et développement en bioéconomie. Notre approche intègre les sciences de l'information et du document et les sciences de la communication pour analyser les pratiques et les dispositifs liés à la science ouverte dans ce domaine. Les méthodes employées incluent des entretiens ainsi que des techniques scientométriques pour évaluer le libre accès aux publications et l'évolution des pratiques et dispositifs déployés dans les projets de recherche en bioéconomie. Les résultats révèlent de vives dynamiques de recherche en Hauts-de-France. Cependant, ces dynamiques entraînent des disparités et des défis concernant l'ouverture des résultats de la recherche. Elles font l'objet de stratégies de régulation qui altèrent la mise en œuvre des principes de la science ouverte. Ces résultats ouvrent des perspectives sur la médiation scientifique et la recherche participative, des dimensions désormais intégrées au paradigme de la science ouverte<br>Since 2018, Open Science has become a political priority in France, including different practices that are widely explored by the academic community. However, its application in sensitive research and development areas remains insufficiently investigated. The bioeconomy provides a particularly conducive environment for this reflection, situated at the intersection of multidisciplinary and multisectoral contexts. Vast and emerging, it involves a diverse array of stakeholders from research, industry, and the agricultural sector at the regional level. The Hauts-de-France region, deeply committed to this endeavour, aspires to become a leader in this sector by 2025. In this context, how do the stakeholders in the bioeconomy organise themselves in the production, communication, and valorisation of their research and development actions? This research examines the integration of Open Science principles within a regional research and development strategy in the bioeconomy. Our approach integrates information and documentation sciences and communication sciences for the practices and systems associated with Open Science through the field of the bioeconomy. The scientific methods employed include interviews and scientometric studies to assess open access to publications as well as the evolution of practices and information systems used in bioeconomy research projects. Furthermore, we analyse the interactions between project partners and their organisation in the dissemination of knowledge. The results reveal dynamic research activities in Hauts-de-France between public and private stakeholders and across scientific areas. However, these interactions lead to disparities and challenges concerning the openness of research outcomes. They are subject to regulatory strategies that alter the implementation of Open Science principles. These findings open up new perspectives on scientific mediation and participatory research, dimensions now integrated into the Open Science paradigm
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Mulller, Crisna Maria. "A execução do plano individual de atendimento no contexto da medida socioeducativa de liberdade assistida no município de Ponta Grossa/PR: limites e possibilidades." Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 2017. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2337.
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Previous issue date: 2017-05-05<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo principal compreender os limites e as possibilidades de execução do Plano Individual de Atendimento (PIA) no contexto da medida socioeducativa de Liberdade Assistida (LA) no Programa de Execução de Medidas Socioeducativas em Meio Aberto - PEMSE de Ponta Grossa/PR, sob a perspectiva da socioeducação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa interdisciplinar, de cunho sociojurídico, que articula as dimensões qualitativas e quantitativas, por meio do estudo de caso. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, com recorte temporal entre janeiro a junho de 2015, observação não estruturada, entrevistas semi-estruturadas tendo por sujeitos os adolescentes que tiveram extinta a LA no período indicado, seus responsáveis e os profissionais que laboram no PEMSE. Os depoimentos dos sujeitos entrevistados foram analisados com o auxílio da técnica da análise de conteúdo
na modalidade categorial. O tema permitiu que o trabalho fosse dividido em três capítulos, acrescidos de uma Introdução e Conclusão. O primeiro capítulo objetiva resgatar os principais documentos internacionais e nacionais que consolidaram o direito da criança e do adolescente, analisados sob o recorte da socioeducação. Nesta construção, o estudo se aproxima do atual modelo de responsabilização proposto pelo ECA e regulamentado pelo SINASE, da compreensão da essência do ato infracional e das medidas socioeducativas, especificamente a LA. O segundo capítulo parte da reflexão acerca da fase da adolescência para abordar a categoria Socioeducação. Ainda, aprofunda o PIA, suas características e objetivos. O terceiro capítulo destina-se a descrever o PEMSE de Ponta Grossa/PR, além de apresentar e analisar o perfil dos adolescentes que cumpriram a LA, com base nos
resultados extraídos dos seus PIA’s, e analisar o conteúdo das entrevistas a partir das categorias identificadas. O que fica mais evidente através da pesquisa realizada é que o PIA é uma relevante ferramenta de planejamento, registro e articulação das metas pactuadas no atendimento socioeducativo. No caso da execução do PIA junto a LA no PEMSE foram identificados limites como a efetiva participação do adolescente e dos seus responsáveis, baixa escolaridade, evasão escolar, uso de drogas, gravidez na adolescência, frágil atendimento interdisciplinar, desarticulação da rede de proteção e serviços das políticas públicas, entre outros. As possibilidades de execução do PIA dizem respeito ao salutar vínculo estabelecido entre o socioeducando e seu orientador, as iniciativas de modificação da prática do atendimento e avaliação interdisciplinar, encaminhamentos da LA de acordo com as peculiaridades de cada adolescente. Permanece o desafio de superar os limites para efetivamente ofertar uma prática socioeducativa.<br>The present research has as its main objective to understand the limits and the possibilities for the execution of the Individual Care Plan (ICP) in the context of the socioeducational measures of Assisted Freedom (AF) in the execution of the Program of Implementation of Socio-educational Measures in Open Environment in Ponta Grossa/PR, from a socioeducational perspective. It is an interdisciplinary, socio-legal research that articulates the qualitative and quantitative dimensions through a case study. The methodological procedures applied herein were a bibliographical research, a documentary research, with a temporal cut between January and June 2015, unstructured observations, semi-structured interviews with subjects who terminated the AF during the study period, their caregivers and
professionals who work at the PEMSE. The interview responses were analyzed with the aid of the content analysis technique in the modality category. The theme allowed for the study to be divided into three chapters, plus an Introduction and Conclusion sections. The first chapter aims to recover the main international and national documents that have consolidated child and adolescent rights, analyzed under the socio-educational section. In this construction, the study approaches the present model of accountability proposed by the ECA and regulated by SINASE, of the understanding of the essence of the infraction act and socioeducational measures, specifically AF. The second chapter begins at a reflection on the adolescence phase to approach the socioeducational category. It also deepens the ICP, its
characteristics and objectives. The third chapter aims to describe the Ponta Grossa/PR PEMSE, as well as present and analyze the profile of the adolescents who fulfilled AF, based on the results extracted from their ICPs, and analyze the interview contents from the identified categories. What is most evident through the carried out research is that the ICPs a relevant tool for planning, recording and articulating the goals agreed in socio-educational services. Limits were identified regarding the implementation of the ICP with AF in the PEMSE, such as the effective participation of adolescents and their caregivers, low schooling, school dropout, drug use, teenage pregnancy, fragile interdisciplinary care and the disarticulation of the protection network and public policy services, among others. The possibilities for implementing the ICP relate to the salutary link established between the socio-educator recipient and his/her counselor, the initiatives to modify the care practice and interdisciplinary evaluations and AF referrals according to the peculiarities of each adolescent. The challenge remains to overcome these limits to effectively offer a socioeducational practice.
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Siner, Pat. "UTILIZING PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS IN DEVELOPING OPTIONAL FORMATS FOR ALTERNATIVE SCHOOL PROGRAMS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188132.
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This study focused on a single alternative school program with a strong outdoor component and featuring a theoretical and practical orientation very much concerned with personal relationships. Data were sought regarding this program with the intent of developing possible formats for alternative school programs. The case study approach was employed to gather and report data. It permitted the investigator to observe, interact, and record the multiple phenomena. The Theory of Personal Process was the framework utilized to observe the relationships between student and teacher. This theory was made up of five key words: (1) Contact, (2) Consult, (3) Find, (4) Share, and (5) Accompany. The study detailed the personal school relationships of the students and teacher. The investigator, as participant/observer, was the instructor of each of the five students. The investigator maintained records of interaction with the students. Furthermore, he had access to journals, term papers, and other written materials produced by the students. Each case study was presented as a specific phase of the alternative school. A specific student was described as he interacted with others in that phase of the program. The description of the student's relationship with the teacher was also correlated to the Theory of Personal Process. Optional formats for alternative school programs were developed from the case studies. The program featured the following phases: (1) Orientation, (2) Group, (3) Outdoor Experiences, (4) Classroom, (5) Creativity, and (6) Community. The key to the success of each phase was determined to be the relationship between the teacher and student. This relationship fostered a support basis for the student which, in turn, provided the necessary freedom to learn. The school was not so much an educational unit as it was a social unit, a "family."
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Couffe, Cyril. "L'impact des conditions de travail sur les capacités attentionnelles des salariés." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2115.
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Les conditions de travail peuvent-elles générer des problèmes attentionnels chez certains salariés ? Cette question est actuellement au cœur de nombreuses recherches dans le domaine de la psychologie du travail, de l’ergonomie et de la psychologie cognitive appliquée. Au cours de ce travail de thèse, nous avons tenté de comprendre quels facteurs pourraient provoquer ces difficultés. Nous avons scindé notre approche en deux parties : (i) l’étude en laboratoire des liens entre les interruptions et les capacités cognitives, et (ii) l’étude des conditions de travail et de leurs retentissements sur la cognition. Les parutions scientifiques issues de la littérature des interruptions sont de plus en plus nombreuses. Elles ont notamment vécu un essor au début des années 2000. Pourtant, de nombreuses interrogations persistent encore, comme les effets réels des interruptions sur la tâche principale et les différents facteurs qui les potentialisent. De plus, les processus cognitifs spécifiques mis en jeu lors des interruptions n’ont pas tous été étudiés. C’est pourquoi, nous avons proposé une nouvelle définition formelle du phénomène d’interruption, ainsi qu’un nouveau cadre de recherche pour unifier le champ d’étude actuel. Nous avons également mené plusieurs études expérimentales dans le but de répondre à certains questionnements encore présents. L’ensemble de nos résultats suggèrent que les interruptions sont la plupart du temps délétères, et que des processus jusqu’alors insoupçonnés pourraient permettre de diminuer leurs retentissements. En second lieu, nous avons étudié l’impact de certaines conditions de travail sur le développement de plaintes attentionnelles et cognitives. Tout d’abord, nous avons construit un nouveau matériel à même de détecter ces changements au niveau cognitif en réalisant plusieurs études de création et validation d’une nouvelle échelle. Ensuite, nous l’avons utilisé sur un échantillon de plusieurs centaines de salariés pour tirer des conclusions sur les prédicteurs de ces difficultés. Dans l’ensemble, le genre, le statut social, le temps passé en environnement de travail partagé, la fréquence des interruptions et certaines nouvelles technologies pourraient être à l’origine de difficultés attentionnelles au travail<br>Can Working conditions generate attentional problems for some employees? This issue is currently at the heart of research in the field of work psychology, ergonomics and applied cognitive psychology. During this thesis, we tried to understand exactly what factors might cause these problems. We have divided our approach into two parts: (i) the laboratory study of the links between interruptions and cognitive abilities, and (ii) the study of working conditions and their repercussions on cognition. Scientific publications from interruptions literature are becoming more numerous. In particular, they experienced a boom in the early 2000s. However, many questions still persist, as the real effect of interruptions on the main task and the various factors which potentiates this effect. Moreover, the specific cognitive processes involved during interruptions have not all been studied. Therefore, we proposed a new formal definition of the phenomenon of interruption and a new research framework to unify the current field of study. Also, we conducted several experimental studies to answer some questions still present. Together, our results suggest that interruptions are usually deleterious regarding the performance of the primary task, and that some cognitive processes unsuspected to this day might help their repercussions. Secondly, we studied the impact of specific working conditions on attentional and cognitive complaints. First, we built a new test able to detect these changes on a cognitive level by carrying out several construction and validation studies of a new scale. Then we used a sample of several hundred employees to draw conclusions on the predictors of these difficulties. Overall, gender, social status, time spent in shared working environment, the frequency of interruptions and several aspects of new technologies may be the cause of attentional difficulties at work