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1
Bakhturin, Yu A. "Methodological aspects of transportation system adaptation in open pit mines." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 3-1 (March 20, 2020): 568–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-31-0-568-582.
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The role of adaptation as an interdisciplinary phenomenon and the necessity of its evolvement in engineering sciences, including mining, is stated. The notion of “open pit transportation system adaptation” is defined. The research was aimed to justify the choice of a methodology for adapting transportation systems in open pit mines, as well as to demonstrate possibility of the transportation system behavior determination and forecasting. In accordance with the definition, the state of a transportation system in the course of adaptation is described. It is shown that the theory of transportation systems for open pits and the theoretical principles are the mainframe. The theory features flexibility, is continuously developed and upgraded, meets the recent methodological standards and can serve the basis of structural and parametric adaptation. The case-studies of the efficient problem solution in mining using the universal simulation model of transportation system functioning in open pit mines developed at the Institute of Mining, Ural Branch RAS are presented. The scope of the applied research embraced: validation of parameters for loading-and-rehandling points in the dump truck- belt-rail transport flowcharts; determination of carrying capacity of rail tracks in open pits; justification of transportation system parameters for open pit mines based on the interactive modeling. The theoretical methodology framework for transportation system adaptation in open pit mines is presented, which is the joint application of the theory of transportation systems in deep open pit mines in structural and structural-and-parametric adaptation and the universal interactive simulation model of transportation system functioning in open pits in parametric adaptation.
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Tyo, S., and Sh Zeitinova. "Optimizing the contours of open pit mining with the use of mining and geological information systems and technologies." Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu 327, no. 4 (April 30, 2023): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.39.
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This article studies optimization of open pit mining using mining and geological information systems and technologies. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm of optimizing the contour of an open pit using a mining and geological information system. The Lerch-Grossman algorithm has been applied using the Whittle program. Justification for changing the contour of an open pit based on the opening scheme, geometric characteristics and special technical and economic parameters of the blocks has been proposed. This proposal provides increasing the production efficiency and reducing capital and operating costs during the development of the deposit. The authors have come to the conclusion that the functionality of updated mining and geological information systems helps to take into account market conditions when designing the main parameters of an open pit and to make the right decision at the stage of preparing a deposit for development and while optimizing the existing open pit contour.
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Shapovalenko, G. N., S. N. Radionov, V. V. Gorbunov, V. A. Khazhiev, V. Yu Zalyadnov, and M. E. Yusupov. "Management and engineering solutions to improve stripping equipment efficiency in Chernogorksy open pit mine." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, S64 (October 20, 2018): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2018-12-64-36-48.
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Chernogosky open pit mine integrates truck-and-shovel system of mining with overburden rehandling to internal dump with a set of walking excavators for rehandling of overburden to mined-out area of the pit. It is possible to improve efficiency of stripping in the conditions of Chernogorsky OPM by reducing percentage of stripping with more expensive handling system. The relevant research and solutions to this effect are presented in this article. Comparative characterization of mining conditions and parameters of mining systems applied is given for open pit mines Chernogorsky, Turnui, Nazarovsky, Vostochno-Beisky and Izykh. The comparative analysis points at the need to account for difficulty of mining and process sites in comparison of equipment productivity. High concentration of mining machines, which is conditioned by narrow mining front and simultaneous operation of five faces, as well as blasting operation implemented every 1-2 days, are recognized as the main constraints of excavator capacity in mining with direct dumping in Chernogorsky open pit mine. The management and engineering solutions implemented in the mine and resulted in higher efficiency of draglines are described.
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Negara, I. Gede Nata, and Ricardo O. M. Hutapea. "DESAIN PUSHBACK BLOK X PADA PT IFISHDECO SULAWESI TENGGARA." INTAN Jurnal Penelitian Tambang 3, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.56139/intan.v3i2.70.
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Surface mine is a mining system where all the mining activities are carried out on the planet surface or on open air environment. In the open mining system there are several methods, one of which is the open pit/cut. PT. Ifishdeco is one of the mining companies engaged in nickel ore mining and applies open mining system with open pit/cut method. PT. Ifishdeco Block X pit design is carried out with the help of Surpac 6.5.1 software. The design process starts with estimating reserves using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method then using the company recommendation to design levels geometry with bench dimension of 5 m high, 6 m width, 45o slope, overall slope of ≤ 25 0, catch bench width of 1 m and mine road width 8 m with 8% slopes. Furthermore, proceed with designing a pushback or progress of the mine based on the elevation with 5 months mining operation plan.
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Bao, Haiming, Peter Knights, Mehmet Kizil, and Micah Nehring. "Electrification Alternatives for Open Pit Mine Haulage." Mining 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mining3010001.
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Truck-Shovel (TS) systems are the most common mining system currently used in large surface mines. They offer high productivity combined with the flexibility to be rapidly relocated and to adjust load/haul capacity and capital expenditure according to market conditions. As the world moves to decarbonise as part of the transition to net zero emission targets, it is relevant to examine options for decarbonising the haulage systems in large surface mines. In-Pit Crushing and Conveying (IPCC) systems offer a smaller environmental footprint regarding emissions, but they are associated with a number of limitations related to high initial capital expenditure, capacity limits, mine planning and inflexibility during mine operation. Among the emerging technological options, innovative Trolley Assist (TA) technology promises to reduce energy consumption for lower carbon footprint mining systems. TA systems have demonstrated outstanding potential for emission reduction from their application cases. Battery and energy recovery technology advancements are shaping the evolution of TAs from diesel-electric truck-based patterns toward purely electrified BT ones. Battery Trolley (BT) systems combined with autonomous battery-electric trucks and Energy Recovery Systems (ERSs) are novel and capable of achieving further significant emission cuts for surface mining operations associated with safety, energy saving and operational improvements. This article reviews and compares electrification alternatives for large surface mines, including IPCC, TA and BT systems. These emerging technologies provide opportunities for mining companies and associated industries to adopt zero-emission solutions and help transition to an intelligent electric mining future.
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Glebov, A. V. "A Methodology Concept for Mutual Adaptation of the Truck-and-Conveyor Transport and the Evolving Open Pit Mining Systems." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 1S/2022 (March 16, 2022): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1s-78-85.
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Haulage of the rock mass in open pit mining of deep ore deposits remains one of the main and most time-consuming processes. This requires a scientifically justified approach to designing the transport systems and the mining equipment characteristics appropriate to the specific mining conditions of the deposit. Mining of mineral deposits is characterized with a gradual development of the transport and the open-pit mining systems, being a set of mining workings that vary in time and space Transition of the mining system from an unstable state to a steady operation with a new organizational structure, properly equipped both technologically and technically, that corresponds to the changing external and internal factors, is an adaptation process. Studies of the mutual adaptation processes of the truck-and-conveyor transport system and the mining system which is evolving with the increasing depth of the open pit, with the purpose of managing the mutual consistency of these systems is an important research issue. Its solution will help to develop the theory of transport systems that can improve the efficiency of the truck-and-conveyor application in mining of deep ore deposits. The efficiency of mining deep ore deposits using the in-pit crushing and conveying technology is ensured by the of managing the mutual adaptation of the truck-and-conveyor and the evolving mining systems by making pre-planned technical, technological and organizational decisions in response to changing internal and external operating conditions with due account of the transient processes and their development patterns.
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Zhang, J. "INSAR COLLABORATIVE MONITORING MODE AND MULTI-MODE COMPUTING SERVICES FOR GEOHAZARDS IDENTIFICATION IN OPEN-PIT MINING AREA." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B1-2021 (June 28, 2021): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b1-2021-241-2021.
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Abstract. InSAR has developed a variety of methods, such as D-InSAR, PS-InSAR, MBAS, CT, SqueeSAR, POT, etc., which have been widely used in land subsidence monitoring. For open pit mining areas, there are usually mining activity, complex terrain features, low coherence, and local large deformation gradients, which makes it difficult for time series InSAR technology to obtain high-density surface deformation information in open pit mining areas. Traditional methods usually only monitor the linear deformation of the surface caused by the mining of a few working zone above the underground mining area, and the temporal and spatial resolution is lower. How to obtain high-precision, high-density, and time-sensitive deformation information is the main difficulty of InSAR monitoring in open pit mining areas. Make full use of the geosensor network monitoring system, optimize monitoring mode of collaborated satellite-to-ground based InSAR, further realize whole calculation and geographic information services, to achieve early identification and discovery of abnormal in large-area macro-monitoring, and accurate monitoring of local areas in real-time early warning, which is the development direction of ground deformation monitoring of mining areas. The study area is Pingshuo open pit mining area. we fully study the application mode and services of InSAR monitoring for geohazards in open-pit mining area, through the establishment of satellite InSAR technology system for large-scale macro-monitoring and forecasting, and GBSAR and GSN for local precision monitoring. The effective mode of InSAR monitoring of geohazard in open-pit mines is summarized. A combination of D-InSAR, POT (Pixel offset tracking), Time Series-InSAR and GB-SAR is used in a wide range, and high-resolution optical images are used to identify localized changes in subsidence areas and open-pit mining areas.
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Vladimirov, D. Ya, A. F. Klebanov, and I. V. Kuznetsov. "Digital Transformation of Surface Mining and New Generation of Open-Pit Equipment." Mining Industry (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 6/2020 (December 29, 2020): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2020-6-10-12.
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The The paper addresses the issues of designing onboard systems and complex digitalization of open-pit mining equipment. A generalized schematic diagram and composition of the On-Board Robotic Control System for open-pit equipment (OBRCS OPE) are provided. The option of the On-Board Robotic Control System for mining dump trucks (OBRCS MDT) and schematics of the on-board robotic system of the BELAZ dump truck are described in more detail. A layout option is suggested for an autonomous ready dump truck, a modification that meets all the requirements for the digital transformation (DT) generation of dump trucks i.e. the ability to operate as part of the mine fleet management systems and robotic control systems, as well as the availability of modern on-board industrial safety systems and remote diagnostics. The DT Generation of mining equipment will allow mining companies to achieve the up-to-date level in digital transformation of surface mining operations and will cut the amount of investments required in upgrading the mining transport system.
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KACHURIN, NIKOLAY, and EVGENY KUREKHIN. "PROSPECTS FOR THE APPLICATION OF A CONTINUOUS-DEEPENING SYSTEM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLEX-STRUCTURED COAL DEPOSITS WITH LAND SAVINGS." News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth 1, no. 1 (2023): 251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2218-5194-2023-1-1-251-266.
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Substantiation of the parameters of open-pit mining systems with a longitudinal front of mining operations in the conditions of complex-structured coal deposits, allows to increase the efficiency of the open-pit method. In this regard, the parameters of development systems, their impact on the volumes of overburden rocks, coal reserves are analyzed. A continuous-deepening longitudinal system for the development of coal deposits with earth conservation has been developed, which ensures a rational mining regime and the restoration of disturbed land resources during the operation of the deposit.
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Zhuravlev, A. G., A. V. Semenkin, V. A. Cherepanov, I. A. Glebov, and M. A. Chendyrev. "The purpose of developing advanced in-pit crushing and conveying technology for deep open pits." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 1S/2022 (March 16, 2022): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1s-53-62.
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The development of open pits, both in terms of their mining intensity and a significant increase in the current and design depth, requires improvement of transport systems that form the bulk of the production cost. One of the most proven types of combined transport that provides high productivity is the truck-and-conveyor system. Therefore, this paper focuses on its adaptation to the future mining conditions (high dynamics of open pit mining development with creation of deep quarries, the need to reach open pit depths of up to 800–1200 m). The field of application of different types of transport is not static and changes along with the technical development of transport means, their introduction into mass production, and a change in the target group of mining and operating conditions. The article provides a systematization of open-pit transport applicable in modern conditions and shows the experience gained by the Institute of Mining of Ural branch of RAS in the in-pit crushing and conveying technology, mobile (semi-stationary) crushing and reloading plants and self-propelled crushing units. The results of calculations and technical and economic parameters of open-pit truck haulage and conveyor transport in a wide range of mining conditions are described. It is shown that an urgent research and engineering challenge is the development of technologies for the phased introduction of high-performance equipment for in-pit crushing and conveying transport to a great depth with a minimal additional extension of the open pit walls. At the same time, it is possible to use both steeply inclined and traditional belt conveyors, depending on the specific operating conditions. Conveyor transport is preferable for use at the main stage of the life cycle of deep quarries in terms of its efficiency and throughput, but its use is constrained by a number of factors considered in the paper.
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Yuan, Meng, Jingyi Ouyang, Shuanning Zheng, Ye Tian, Ran Sun, Rui Bao, Tao Li, et al. "Research on Ecological Effect Assessment Method of Ecological Restoration of Open-Pit Coal Mines in Alpine Regions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (June 23, 2022): 7682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137682.
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Open-pit mining is an important form of coal mining in China, and its damage to the ecological environment is particularly obvious in alpine regions. The ecological restoration of alpine open-pit coal mines faces severe challenges, and its restoration effect will directly affect the ecological security of China. Meanwhile, comprehensive and system-oriented evaluation of ecological restoration effects is still insufficient in current research. In this study, we selected different quantities of assessment factors on the two scales of ecological project area and ecological impact area to evaluate the ecological restoration effect of an alpine open-pit coal mine. Then, we formed a multi-scale and multi-dimensional ecological restoration effect assessment model of the alpine open-pit coal mine and used this model to analyze the implementation effect of the ecological restoration project of the Baiyinhua No. 2 Open-pit Mine. The results show that the multi-scale and multi-dimensional ecological restoration effect assessment model of alpine open-pit coal mine proposed in this study can accurately characterize the restoration effect of open-pit coal mines in alpine regions and can also be used as a significant evaluation tool in the future ecological construction of mining areas. This study hopes the multi-scale and multi-dimensional ecological restoration effect assessment model of alpine open-pit coal mine can provide a comprehensive, systematic, and scientific evaluation method for the ecological restoration of alpine open-pit coal mines and provide a scientific basis for the ecological restoration and green development of relevant mining areas.
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Tadubana, Gomolemo, Boyce Sigweni, and Raymond Suglo. "Case-based reasoning system for prediction of fuel consumption by haulage trucks in open-pit mines." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 3129. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i4.pp3129-3136.
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The shovel-truck system is commonly used in open-pit mining operations. Truck haulage cost constitutes about 26% of open-pit mining costs as the trucks are mostly powered by diesel whose cost is escalating annually. Therefore, reducing fuel consumption could lead to a significant decrease in overall mining costs. Various methods have been proposed to improve fuel efficiency in open-pit mines. Case-based reasoning (CBR) can be used to estimate fuel consumption by haulage trucks. In this work, CBR methods namely case-based reasoning using forward sequential selection (CBR-FSS), traditional CBR, and Naïve techniques were used to predict fuel consumption by trucks operating at Orapa Mine. The results show that the CBR method can be used to predict fuel consumption by trucks in open-pit mines; the predicted values of fuel consumption using the CBR-FSS technique gave much lower absolute residual values, higher standardised accuracy values, and effect sizes than those of other prediction techniques on all the datasets used. The system will enable mine planners to know the fuel consumed per trip and allow them to take mitigation measures on trucks with high fuel consumption.
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Tolovkhan, Bauyrzhan, Vladimir Demin, Zhursyn Amanzholov, Assemgul Smagulova, Gaukhar Tanekeyeva, Sherzod Zairov, Oleksandr Krukovskyi, and Edgar Cabana. "Substantiating the rock mass control parameters based on the geomechanical model of the Severny Katpar deposit, Kazakhstan." Mining of Mineral Deposits 16, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining16.03.123.
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Purpose. The research purpose is to develop a geomechanical model for ensuring the safety of mining operations by determining the optimal slope angles and probabilistic assessment of the stability of the open-pit walls. Methods. Three-dimensional geomechanical models for surface mining of deposits have been developed based on calculations of the stability factor (safety factor SF) of the open-pit walls in the Rocscience program to determine the rock mass stress-strain state at the end of mining using the finite element method. The geological wireframe model (GWM) has been built on the basis of the available geological sections, horizon plans and the results of the engineering-geological surveys using the Surpac geoinformation system. Findings. Strength reduction factor (SRF) has been determined taking into account the physical-mechanical properties of rocks that constitute the near-wall mass. An assessment of the stability of walls according to the selected geological sections is given, taking into account the projected contour of the Severny Katpar open-pit walls. The calculation of the projected contour stability of the open-pit walls by several different methods has revealed that the open-pit walls are generally stable. The open-pit parameters at the end of mining have been determined. Originality. For the first time, it has been determined that in the Southern and South-Western area of the Severny Katpar open-pit wall in the horizons +700…+400, there is a decrease in SF from 1.18 to 1.41 due to the predominant occurrence of siltstones and tectonic disturbances of the walls. Practical implications. The mathematical calculation results of the stability of the projected contour walls in the Severny Katpar open pit have been generalized. In addition, a geological and structural wire-frame model of the deposit has been developed, which makes it possible to ensure the safety of mining operations in the open pit.
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SOBOLEV, A. A. "WORLD TRENDS IN DEVELOPMENT AND MODERNIZA TION OF THE OPEN PIT HAULAGE SYSTEM." News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth 2, no. 1 (2020): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2218-5194-2020-2-1-141-152.
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The analysis of international experience in increase of efficiency of open pit haulage system has been done. It is revealed that a new, rapidly developing and the most perspective direction in the world is to minimize and exclude human participation in the technological processes of mining. The development of technologies and equipment, allows gradually replacing the human driver in the transportation process and stepping into fully autonomous haulage system. The combination of sensors and detectors with the artificial intelligence of computer is able to analyze, evaluate and predict the traffic conditions with the generation of an adequate intellectual decision. The introduction of autonomous haulage system in open-pit mining is improved of the technical and economic performance of the rocks transportation and safety of mining. Outlined the directions for increasing the level of robotics and automation of production processes at the Russian mining enterprises to reduce the existing gap in this field between Russian and international mining companies.
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Fomin, S. I., and Hoan Do. "ANALYSIS OF OPEN PIT COAL MINING SYSTEM PARAMETERS IN VIETNAM." MINING INFORMATIONAL AND ANALYTICAL BULLETIN 11 (September 20, 2017): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2017-11-0-138-143.
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Sobko, B., and O. Lozhnikov. "Determining the direction of the mining face direction during development of ravines pit surface." Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University 69 (June 2022): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/69.083.
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Purpose. Establish an effective direction of the mining front direction in the beams locations at the development of a placer mineral deposit. Research methodology. The analytical method of research was used at the development of a method for determining the time of mining a pit section with a crossed beam surface when applying schemes with longitudinal and transverse movement of the mining front. The graphical method was used to analyze the established dependences of the maximum allowable cutwidth into the rock mass on the length of the open pit when determining the effective scope of the scheme with the longitudinal direction of the mining front at the development of placer deposits. The results. Schemes for mining a pit section with a cross-beam surface have been developed, providing for the longitudinal and transverse direction of the mining front, which make it possible to determine the main parameters of the mining system elements and establish the term of pit life. Efficient parameters have been established for the use of the transverse and longitudinal directions of mining faces movement when a pitsection with rugged terrain, which makes it possible to reduce the labor intensity of the process by 150–220 machine-shifts of an excavator at the pit field length of 300 to 900 m. Scientific novelty. The influence of the open pit length on the maximum allowable cut width into the rock mass during the longitudinal movement of the mining front is determined. The results of the research allow to establish that with an increase in the open pit length from 300 to 900 m, the maximum allowable width of the cut into the rock mass during the longitudinal movement of the front increases from 140 to 740 m. Practical value. A method for determining the time of mining a pit section with a crossed beam surface when using schemes with longitudinal and transverse movement of the mining front has been developed. The use of the proposed method makes it possible to determine the effective direction of mining front movement, depending on the parameters of the development system pit elements.
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Nguyen, Tuan Anh, Viet Van Pham, Nam Xuan Bui, Hoa Thu Thi Le, Hai Thi Le, Bao Dinh Tran, and Hanh Minh Thi Le . "Modelisation of fractured rock mass for open pit mining in Vietnam." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 61, no. 5 (October 10, 2020): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.ktlt2020.07.
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In open pit mining, besides the value of the minerals obtained, the cost of waste rock removal determines the efficiency of the mining operation. The paper introduces the rock mass data processing method and modelisation of fractured rock mass to serve the optimal calculation of technological stages in mining. This code is a discrete fracture network (DFN) code that couple geometrical block system construction based on modelisation stochastic with RESOBLOK simulations. The method of three-dimensional modeling (3D) of the fractured rock mass in the quarry is based on the rock mass data, the geometrical parameters of the open pit mine. From there, the rock mass simulation models were used in the analysis of the stability analysis of open pit benches, the optimization of the blast design parameters at overburden benches, project construction materials, and technology projects for block stone extraction. An application in some open pit mines such as quarries of Vietnam is presented.
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Rylnikova, M. V., A. V. Vlasov, and M. A. Makeev. "Justification of Conditions for Application of Automated Control Systems for Surface Mining during Construction of In Pit Crushing and Conveying System using Simulation Modeling." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 4/2021 (August 25, 2021): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2021-4-106-112.
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The simulation modeling approach described in the article is intended to assess the efficiency of geo-technologies and can be applied: 1) to evaluate the implementation of smart geotechnologies with digital transformation of the mining systems; 2) to select the mining and transportation management system as well as the preferred logistic scheme of the mine. This approach makes it possible to make more reasonable investment decisions based on an objective quantitative assessment. Simulation modeling should be based on the results of geotechnical justification of structural parameters of the pit walls and benches in operating and limit states. Transition to automated systems to control smart geotechnologies in programmable mode and timely inclusion of the In Pit Crushing and Conveying (IPCC) technology into the transport scheme helps to: 1) remove people from the working zones inside the open pit; 2) significantly reduce the ore mining costs; 3) advance to a higher level of technology in developing the deposits; 4) process ores that were previously considered substandard. As an example, the assessment results are provided of the implementation of new rock mass transportation technologies at the Codelco copper mine in Chile in the Radomiro Tomic open pit.
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Razumova, K. M., О. A. Temchenko, S. V. Maksymov, and О. S. Maksymova. "Research of Duration Influence of Loading and Unloading Operations on the Use Efficiency of Technological Motor Transport on Open Pit Iron Mines." Science and Transport Progress, no. 6(96) (December 16, 2021): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2021/256794.
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Purpose. The most common type of technological transport in open pit mines is automobile, which uses dump trucks with a capacity of 45 to 220 tons. The rock mass transportation volume with the use of motor transport at the iron ore industry is more than 350 million tons per year, or 27% of the total volume of open pit mines in the industry. Most of Ukraine’s high-capacity iron mines are forced to work in the conditions of intensification of mining operations, constant deepening and complication of mining and geological conditions. With increasing the depth of mines there is an increase of 1.3-1.7 times the transportation volume relative to the volume of the shipped rock mass and, as a consequence, a decrease in the efficiency of technological vehicles. The purpose of this work is to analyze the influence of using BELAZ open-pit dump trucks during loading and unloading operations on the efficiency. This will allow to develop the management measures to implement effective transport technologies aimed at reducing the cost of open pit iron ore mining and purposefully influence these production processes. Methodology. In order to solve the set tasks, the methods of technical-economic, correlation-regression, factor and situational analysis were used (to study the operation of open-pit dump trucks at mining enterprises). In order to formalize the methods of improving the efficiency of equipment and transport technologies, the methodology of operational accounting of mining conditions of open-pit dump trucks operation at mining enterprises was used. To assess the economic efficiency of the proposed management system of mining activities of open-pit dump trucks, a method of comparative economic analysis was proposed. Findings. The results of the research are practically implemented in the real conditions of operation of open-pit dump trucks and the economic effect of the implementation of the proposed measures is determined. Originality. The obtained results are practically implemented in the real conditions of operation of open-pit dump trucks and the economic effect of the implementation of the proposed measures is determined. Practical value. The forms of functional connection are substantiated and analytical dependences between the indicators characterizing the use efficiency of open-pit dump trucks during the technological transportations of iron ore and the time needed for loading and unloading operations are received. This dependency allows determining the reserves for improving the operation efficiency of open-pit dump trucks and the economic effect from the implementation of the measures proposed.
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Zhao, Zhang, Ruixin Zhang, Jiandong Sun, and Shuaikang Lv. "Optimization of Overcast Stripping Technology Parameters Based on Discrete Event System Simulation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (February 1, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7654893.
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In the process of open-pit mining, the system parameters determine the economic benefit and production efficiency of the mine. Conventional optimization involves building a system model for the process parameters. However, complex large-scale systems such as open-pit mining are difficult to model, resulting in a failure to obtain effective solutions. This paper describes a system simulation method for the process parameters involved in open-pit mining. The nature and interaction of each component of the system are analyzed in detail, and the logical flow of each layer of the system is determined. Taking the basic operational linkages of the equipment as the system drivers, we obtained the operational flow of dragline information. The barycentric circular projection method is used to simplify the control logic of the system, and a system storage state model is constructed to identify dynamic changes in the system and obtain the operation parameters of the dragline. A discrete event system is used for quantitative modeling, and the event step method is employed to advance the simulation process and obtain decision information. Finally, simulations are performed using various system parameters. The simulation results show that the maximum efficiency is achieved when the dragline height is ∼13 m, giving a capacity of 4276.52 m3/h. Error analysis indicates that the modeling error is minimized using a simulation correction coefficient of α = 0.94.
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Antoninova, N. Yu, L. S. Rybnikova, Yu O. Slavikovskaya, and L. A. Shubina. "Improvement of Mineral Processing Methods in Mining Structurally-Complex Deposits." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 1S/2022 (March 16, 2022): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1s-63-70.
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The article assesses available methods of managing mineral grades in mining and possible ways to improve the mining efficiency. Assessment criteria for the ore masses are given depending on mineral and chemical composition, structural and other features. The outcomes are presented of developing a methodology of zoning technological types of ores within an open pit with account of complex evaluation of qualitative characteristics of minerals using modern geoinformation technologies. Two main methods, i.e. express and detailed, are proposed for data interpretation in geoinformation systems, which require preliminary creation of a geological database and allow to make reliable assessment and zoning of ores within an open pit based on qualitative indicators. The methods are different in terms of labour intensity, level of detail and the possibility of adjusting the resulting models depending on established or changed requirements towards the mineral grade. An enhanced mining and geological information system allows zoning of technological types and grades of ores within an open-pit with a high degree of reliability, which contributes to the selection of the most effective ore treatment method as part of the ore grade management for specific mining and geological conditions at the planning stage of mining operations. Examples of zoning technological types of ores within an open pit as well as methodological approaches to selecting effective methods of ore grade management are presented for deteriorating mining and geological conditions of deposits and increasing requirements towards the quality of products.
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Kržanović, Daniel, Radmilo Rajković, Nenad Vušović, and Sandra Milutinović. "Reconstruction of the northwestern slope of the open pit South Mining District Majdanpek for the purpose of reconstruction the active landslide." Mining and Metallurgy Engineering Bor, no. 1 (2022): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/mmeb2201019k.
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The exploitation of copper ore in the Majdanpek Copper Mine takes place at the open pit South Mining District. The operation takes place in the complex conditions, and a special feature is that the capital infrastructure facilities: the state road M24, 35 kV transmission line and ri-verbed of the Mali Pek River are located in the northwestern contour of the open pit. Due to the occurrence of landslide in this part of the open pit, the continuity of the ore exploitation process in the mining system of excavation-processing was endangered, as well as the stability of infrastructure facilities. Reconstruction of the northwestern slope of the open pit will eliminate all existing and potential risks and create the conditions for functioning of the mine and town of Majdanpek.
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Neverov, Sergey A., Anton I. Konurin, and Yuri N. Shaposhnik. "SAFETY IN SUBSTOPING-AND-CAVING IN TECTONICALLY STRESSED ROCK MASSES." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 3 (May 21, 2021): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-2-3-311-321.
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Mining of a thick steeply dipping deposit using sublevel caving with end-face ore drawing in transition from open pit excavation to underground mining is considered in conditions of developed tectonics. The technology was justifed by mathematical modeling of the stress state of the rock mass using finite element method. Safe parameters of the mining system were determined by solving a variational problem with a variable degree of geomedium disturbance in the existing mining and engineering structure when depleting reserves at an advanced stoping stage. The predicted areas of stability losses for main structural elements of the mining system have been determined. Safe parameters of ore breaking and drawing were calculated using the stability condition of mine workings. Recommendations are given for the excavation of thick steeply dipping deposits under open pit mining.
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ESINA, E. N., A. E. KIRKOV, and A. I. DOSKALOV. "ASSESSMENT OF THE GEOMECHANICAL CONDITION OF THE KALMAKYR COPPER-PORPHYRY ORE DEPOSIT MINING SYSTEM." PROCESSES IN GEO-ENVIRONMENTS 3 (2021): 1212–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2412-9429-2021-3-1212-1217.
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The Almalyk deposit of porphyry copper ores (Kalmakyr quarry) here is the subject for exploration of the open-pit mining parameters. A three-dimensional model of the quarry is developed by the modern geoinformation modeling method basing on system analysis of mining and geological conditions and technical mining parameters of the Almalyk copper-porphyry ore deposit open-pit. Main factors influencing the deformation processes development in the rock mass are identified. The probable zones of deformations of the Kalmakyr quarry sides with an increase in its depth are determined. It is recommended to organize and carry out continuous comprehensive geomechanical monitoring to ensure the safe further exploration at the quarry. This measures allow to quickly determine the signs preceding the occurrence of emergency situations, take preventive steps to stabilize the geomechanical condition of considered mining system.
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Liu, Dingbang, and Yashar Pourrahimian. "A Framework for Open-Pit Mine Production Scheduling under Semi-Mobile In-Pit Crushing and Conveying Systems with the High-Angle Conveyor." Mining 1, no. 1 (April 13, 2021): 59–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mining1010005.
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In-pit crushing and conveying (IPCC) systems have drawn attention to the modern mining industry due to the numerous benefits than conventional truck-and-shovel systems. However, the implementation of the IPCC system can reduce mining flexibility and introduce additional mining sequence requirements. This paper investigates the long-term production scheduling and the crusher relocation plan of open-pit mines using a semi-mobile IPCC system and high-angle conveyor. A series of candidate high-angle conveyor locations is generated around the pit limit, with a crusher located along each conveyor line. Each conveyor location is solved independently by an integer linear programming model for making production scheduling and crushing station decisions, aiming to maximize the net present value (NPV) considering the material handling and crushing station relocation costs. The production schedule with the highest NPV and the associated conveyor and crusher location is considered the optimum or near-optimum solution.
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Bao, Haiming, and Ruixin Zhang. "Study on Optimization of Coal Truck Flow in Open-Pit Mine." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (June 23, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8848140.
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A semicontinuous process system consisting of a single-bucket excavator, truck, crushing station, and belt conveyor is the main coal mining process system of a large-scale hard coal open-pit mine. Through analyzing the coal mining production process, the key issues of coal mining truck flow optimization are obtained. Statistical method of using triangular fuzzy numbers analyzes the key time parameters of coal mining truck flow. Taking one shift, the minimum expected value of number of trucks, as the objective function, the fuzzy expectation of the coal mining semicontinuous process system is established with the constraints of the truck flow continuity at the loading and unloading point, the production capacity of the electric shovel, the production capacity of the crushing station, coal quality, and coal mining production tasks. The truck flow planning model is solved using particle swarm intelligence algorithm. The simulation results show that the result of truck flow planning can effectively reduce truck number, truck dispatching number, transportation costs, and truck queuing. The fuzzy expected truck flow planning model established by the study is suitable for solving the problem of optimizing and matching the production capacity in the process which links electric shovel, truck, and crushing station. It can effectively improve the production efficiency of electric shovel mining, truck transportation, and crushing station.
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Shi, Shuaihang, Zizheng Guo, Peng Ding, Yabin Tao, Hui Mao, and Zhichao Jiao. "Failure Mechanism and Stability Control Technology of Slope during Open-Pit Combing Underground Extraction: A Case Study from Shanxi Province of China." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 21, 2022): 8939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148939.
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With the development of society, the demand for mineral resources is gradually increasing, and the current situation of decreasing total resources dictates the inevitable interaction between open-pit combing underground extraction (OPUG) in time and space. In this research, we took the Anjialing coal mine in Shanxi Province of China as a case study, and tested the physical and mechanical properties of coal rocks in the laboratory. The similarity criterion was used to build a similar experimental model for the deformation evolution of the slope of the open-pit mine section; the digital scattering method was used to test the influence of the underground mining process parameters on the deformation evolution of the open-pit slope. The results showed that there was an obvious distribution of “three zones” above the mining goaf, namely, a collapse zone, fracture zone, and slow subsidence zone. When the mining face was continuously advanced towards the bottom of the open pit, the supporting stress of the mining face transferred to the side of the open-pit slope. Additionally, large displacement and stress concentration were observed on the slope near the stoping line, which caused the slope body to move along the uppermost part of the slope first, and thereafter along the lower part. Various techniques for slope stability control are discussed, including the optimization of spatial and temporal relationships between open-pit and underground mining, the optimization of mining plans, and the use of monitoring and early warning systems. The results can provide a guide for slope stability control of similar open-pit mines in the process of mining coal resources.
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Liu, Hao Ran, Shao Qing Chen, and Sen Li. "Fuzzy Evaluation of the Impact of the Open-Pit Limestone Mining on Geological Environment." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.454.
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Through the current situation survey of geological environmental disasters caused by limestone mining in Chongqing and combined with the principles of establishing evaluation index system and industry experts’ advices, we get the geological environmental impact assessment system of open-pit limestone mining which is consist of 7 dimensions and 25 indexes. Using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to assign the weight of 25 indexes and based on membership functions of trapezoidal distribution to establish evaluation standard, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is constructed. According to the principle of maximum membership degree, we get the influence degree of the geological environmental system affected by the open-pit limestone mining in Chongqing. This model makes the impact on geological environment of limestone mining quantitative and plays a certain guiding role in the local environmental protection strategy formulation and geological disaster prevention.
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Husam K Salih Juboori, Mohanad F. Jwaid,. "Vehicles for Open-Pit Mining with Smart Scheduling System for Transportation Based on 5G." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 5 (April 11, 2021): 827–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.1490.
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In the Recent times, various technological enhancements in the field of artificial intelligence and big data has been noticed. This advancements coupled with the evolution of the 5G communication and Internet of Things technologies, has helped in the development in the domain of smart mine construction. The development of unmanned vehicles with enhanced and smart scheduling system for open-pit mine transportation is one such much needed application. Traditional open-pit mining systems, which often cause vehicle delays and congestion, are controlled by human authority. The number of sensors has been used to operate unmanned cars in an open-pit mine. The sensors haves been used to prove the real-time data in large quantity. Using this data, we analyses and create an improved transportation scheduling mechanism so as to optimize the paths for the vehicles. Considering the huge amount the data received and aggregated through various sensors or sources like, the GPS data of the unmanned vehicle, the equipment information, an intelligent, and multi-target, open-pit mine unmanned vehicle schedules model was developed. It is also matched with real open-pit mine product to reduce transport costs, overall unmanned vehicle wait times and fluctuation in ore quality. To resolve the issue of scheduling the transportation, we prefer to use algorithms based on artificial intelligence. In addition to four other models we are proposing a decomposition-based restricted genetic dominance (DBCDP-NSGA-II) algorithm, which retains viable and non-facilitating solutions in small areas in order to improve the convergence, distribution and diversity of traditional high-dimensional multi-objective fast-dominated genetic sorting Algorithms (NSGA-II).
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ZHARIKOV, Sergey, and Vyacheslav KUTUEV. "Interrelations between technological processes of open-pit mining." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-3-479-485.
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Introduction. High productivity in mining processes is possible only with sufficient consistency between mining processes: drilling – blasting – excavation – transportation. The relationships between drilling and blasting processes are most well studied, although there are also a number of issues related to the interpretation of data and the choice of efficiency criteria. The further link between blasting by excavation and transportation is incomplete, therefore, there is no clear direction of systematic and coordinated cost optimization in the mining processes. Getting efficiency in one process can lead to inefficiency of adjacent processes. Therefore, it is desirable that the criteria for the efficiency of work were universal and, at the same time, could reflect the individual specifics of the process. The purpose of the research. The purpose of the research was to establish links between mining processes by taking into account their energy characteristics. Research methodology. In the course of the research, modeling of the processes of drilling wells, explosive destruction, and excavation was widely used. Methods of mathematical statistics, system analysis, synthesis, modeling and field experiments were used to identify the relationships. Model representations were compared with practical data and boundary conditions were specified. Research results. As a result of the research, a universal characteristic of the process has been established, which is the energy consumption per 1 cubic meter (J/m3 ). In the case of drilling and blasting geometrically, these are the energy costs spent on destroying the volume of rock beaten off by one well. For excavation, this is the energy for excavation and loading of rock mass, the properties of which are dependent on the energy of explosive destruction and the quality of the explosion, characterized by the geometric parameters of the collapse and the intensity of excavation work. Conclusion. It is revealed that the establishment of energy relationships between the extraction processes allows not only to evaluate their efficiency, but also opens up the possibility to regulate the specified loading intensity by calculating the number of cycles required for the face and timely delivery of the appropriate number of vehicles, and can also be the basis for more accurate statements of optimization problems, including taking into account anisotropy the mountain range and the variety of influencing organizational and technological factors of mining operations. It is advisable to develop further research in the direction of processing, as suggested by I. A. Tangaev. To link the energy parameters of drilling – blasting – excavation – transportation – crushing – crushing. Considering that modern systems of dispatching and monitoring of mining machines allow collecting real-time information from sensors of the main nodes of working mining equipment, and network technologies allow tracking this in real time, then matching energy costs in processes, or changing their balance, allows you to quickly identify the efficiency or inefficiency of work. This can significantly affect the practice of making managerial decisions.
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Vladimir Semenovich, VELIKANOV. "The challenges of Industry 4.0 and the need for new answers in the mining industry." NEWS of the Ural State Mining University, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 154–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/2307-2091-2021-2-154-166.
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Relevance of the work is due to the need for further modernization of the economy of the Russian Federation, which involves solving both basic theoretical and applied problems of the domestic mining industry. This circumstance largely determines not only the state of the state’s production resources, but also its scientific and technical potential. The global trend in the development of mining operations in the world is mainly determined by open pit mining of raw material resources. Open pit mining is characterized by an increase in the volume of processed rock mass, improved production processes through the use of advanced technologies, which entails the use of high-capacity mining machines. The main problems of open-cut mining are the following: complex mining and geological and mining-technical conditions; depletion of the mineral resource base; and constantly changing environmental conditions. All this leads to an increase in the cost of mining and a decrease in the competitiveness of the products of mining companies. Objective of the work. To establish the need to modernize traditional technologies in open pit mining with the possibility of integrating the main ideas of Industry 4.0. Research methodology. When solving the set tasks a complex approach was used, including: scientific analysis and synthesis of previously published research, analytical studies, laboratory experiment and observations of the work of open-pit excavators in real operating conditions. The methods of mathematical statistics include system analysis and modeling with the use of information technologies form the methodological basis of the research. Results. This paper deals with the issues of modelling the cab of a quarry crawler excavator to meet the technical requirements for the excavator cab in protecting against tipping and rock impacts. Model setup and analysis of simulation results after loading are performed using Autodesk Inventor software. An optimal finite-element model of an excavator operator’s cabin has been developed to assess the effectiveness of its structural protection. Conclusions. Implementing the core ideas of Industry 4.0 is a complex scientific and technical challenge. Its solution is connected with significant economic costs, including modernization of mining equipment, infrastructure, as well as changes in the technology of open-cast mining. The implementation of complex automated control systems and practical application of the latest information and geoinformation technologies will unambiguously give high estimated figures and have high applied potential, and ultimately ensure safety of open pit mining, increase of efficiency and productivity, possibility of mining in regions with complex mining and geological and mining-technical conditions.
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Jing, Shi Gun, Fa Ben Li, and Xin Ma. "Digital Mining Control Management System in an Open Pit Based on GIS/GPS/GPRS." Key Engineering Materials 467-469 (February 2011): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.467-469.207.
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Using GIS(Geographic Information System), GPS(Global Positioning System), and GPRS(General Packet Radio Service), an digital mining control management system in an open pit has been designed and developed. A linear programming model is set up in a practical application. By the model, the system can automatically draw up production plan of ore blending well every day. The system can monitor and dispatch open-pit trucks and shovels well, and can play back their historical paths. It can monitor and control the process of mining production in real time. The system can also count the number of trucks’ delivery and shovels’ loading automatically. Experiments on real scenes show that the performance of this system is stable and can satisfy production standards of ore blending in open pits.
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Gu, Qing Hua, Cai Wu Lu, Shi Gun Jing, and Xin Ma. "Intelligent Control Mining Management System in an Open Pit Based on GIS/GPS/GPRS/RFID." Applied Mechanics and Materials 50-51 (February 2011): 663–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.50-51.663.
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Using GIS(Geographic Information System), GPS(Global Positioning System), GPRS(General Packet Radio Service) and RFID(Radio Frequency Identification), an intelligent control mining management system in an open pit has been designed and developed. A linear programming model is set up in a practical application. By the model, the system can automatically draw up production plan of ore blending well every day. The system can monitor and dispatch open-pit trucks and shovels well, and can play back their historical paths. It can monitor and control the process of mining production in real time. By RFID, The system can also count the number of trucks’ delivery and shovels’ loading automatically. Experiments on real scenes show that the performance of this system is stable and can satisfy production standards of ore blending in open pits.
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Rakhmangulov, Aleksandr, Konstantin Burmistrov, and Nikita Osintsev. "Sustainable Open Pit Mining and Technical Systems: Concept, Principles, and Indicators." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 21, 2021): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031101.
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Sustainability of the open pit mining and technical system (MTS) is one of its key goals in the changing conditions of the external and internal environment. All MTS’s subsystems must function in concert to achieve this goal. The structure of the MTS is formed by many subsystems and elements, which are evaluated by a significant number of indicators. A comprehensive assessment of the MTS for all possible indicators is a complex and time-consuming task. However, each subsystem and element of the MTS has a different effect on the sustainability of this system. The MTS’s parameters change significantly during transition periods, for example, at a new stage of open-pit mining or when switching to an open-underground method of developing mineral deposits. The MTS’s sustainability declines during the transition periods. Changes in the parameters of technological processes during these periods can have a negative impact on the state of the economic and social subsystems of mining enterprises, as well as on the environment. Ensuring the sustainability of an MTS during transition periods requires the development of new approaches and principles for managing the work of mining enterprises, based on the alignment of economic goals, with goals in the field of ecology and social development. The study substantiates the key role of one of the MTS subsystems—the opening-up of an opencast system (OOS). It is shown that this system has a decisive influence on sustainable functioning and development. The systematization of the principles of sustainable functioning and development of mining enterprises and its systems has been carried out. Four groups of principles are distinguished: system-wide principles of management, principles of development of mining enterprises, principles of MTS development, and principles of the MTS’s subsystem development. The proposed system of principles is based on the idea of a sequential transformation of the subsystems at all stages of design and operation. A feature of the proposal system of principles is the consideration of economic, social, and environmental aspects to ensure the specified parameters for the sustainable functioning and development of mining enterprises. The results of the analysis of the factors of the external and internal environment of the MTS are presented. The parameters and indicators for assessing the sustainability of OOS and MTSs were selected and substantiated. The justified parameters and indicators were ranked using the fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results of the assessment showed a high convergence of expert opinions on a group of economic parameters, which were rather high in technical and technological parameters. However, there is a divergence of expert opinions on social and environmental parameters. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the current management decisions are aimed at ensuring the economic and technological sustainability of MTS functioning, while achieving the goals of sustainable development of this system is not ensured. The methodology developed and presented in the study can be used to assess the sustainability of the functioning and development of MTSs.
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Voronov, Yuri, Anton Voronov, and Artyom Voronov. "Quality Criterion of the Loading and Transport System Operation at Open-Pit Mines." E3S Web of Conferences 105 (2019): 01048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910501048.
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Loading and transport operations at open-pit mines are performed mainly by heavy loading & transport systems (LTS). One of the main problems of the LTS is a rather low level of its operation quality, mainly due to the imbalanced influence of various factors on the efficiency of the joint operation of shovels and trucks as parts of the LTS. In this article we formulate, derive and analyze a functional criterion for assessing the LTS operation quality at open-pit mines. The rationale, general principles of the functional criterion formation, its general form for mixed (heterogeneous) truck and shovel fleets, which are typical for modern mining LTSs, are presented. For this purpose, modern methods of data collection and processing, mathematical modeling, analysis and synthesis are used. The possibility of assessing the LTS operation quality is very important for identifying the main directions of improving its operational performance and operation quality, for reaching an optimization of the key performance indicators by the quality criterion, and, as a result, for a possible saving of resources during the open-pit mining of minerals.
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Isabek, Tyiak, Yerbol Orynbek, Kamchybek Kozhogulov, Zhadyra Sarkulova, Lazzat Abdiyeva, and Svetlana Yefremova. "Geomechanical substantiation of the parameters for the mining system with ore shrinkage in the combined mining of steep-dipping ore bodies." Mining of Mineral Deposits 16, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining16.04.115.
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Purpose. The research purpose is to substantiate a rational technology for mining steep-dipping ore bodies based on a complex of geomechanical studies in combined mining of deposits. Methods. Analysis of existing constructive methods for calculating the optimal mining system parameters when mining under-open-pit ore reserves in the zone of influence of surface mining operations, taking into account the natural stress-strain state of the rock mass. Numerical modeling is used to study the geomechanical processes occurring in the mass during the mining of under-open-pit reserves of steep-dipping ore bodies in order to substantiate the mining system with ore shrinkage. The geotechnical mapping of mine workings is conducted directly in the face to determine the mass rating. Findings. The calculation of the optimal parameters for the stope chamber, inter-chamber and inter-level pillars based on a complex of geomechanical studies has shown that the more intense horizontal stresses act in the bottom of the blocks and in the inter-block pillars, in which a large number of board gates have been driven. Originality. For the first time, using high-precision programs and given the nonuniform distribution of horizontal and vertical stresses acting in the mass for the Abyz Mine conditions, it has been revealed that when mining an individual block, the maximum horizontal stresses around the mined-out space reach 10-15 MPa; when mining a group of blocks – 20-25 MPa. Practical implications. The research results can be used in planning and mining with shrinkage of steep-dipping ore bodies during mining of under-open-pit reserves.
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Tyukov, P. O., and E. V. Loginov. "Substantiation of development system parameters taking into account the main dimensions of working equipment used in the development of mineral deposits by open-pit method." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 04014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126604014.
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The text substantiates the dependence of the complex dimen-sions of and transportation equipment (excavator - dump truck links) on the parameters of the mining method, which ensures an increase in the effi-ciency of open-pit mining of mineral deposits, is justified in the text. In-creasing the efficiency of open-pit mining method using a complex of ex-traction and loading and transportation equipment is achieved by increasing the range of permissible parameters of the mining method. The study allowed to identify the dimensions of the extraction and loading and transportation equipment complex (excavator - dump truck links) affect the height of the bench and the width of the working platform the dimensions of the mining and loading equipment (excavator - dump truck links) are the main indicators that affect the parameters of the mining method at the complex of mining and loading and transportation equipment.
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Doderović, Aleksandar, Nikola Stanić, Miljan Gomilanović, and Saša Stepanović. "System for water collection that gravities into the old bed of the river Čehotina." Mining and Metallurgy Engineering Bor, no. 1 (2023): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/mmeb2301017d.
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Functioning of the drainage system has a great importance for the efficient and continuous exploitation at the open pits. Modern exploitation is realized at the open pits with increasing depth and surface, so it is of a crucial importance to accept as much water as possible before it enters the open pit contour. By this way, the loading of a drainage system inside the open pit is greatly reduced, but it also prevents the negative effects of water on the massif. This paper, using the example of the open pit Potrlica, presents how the already existing system, which fully solves all problems in a dynamic environment such as surface mining of lignite, can be improved. Timely improvement of the system can greatly relieve the existing drainage system and improve the exploitation system.
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Semmar, Atae, Nadia Machkour, Hafsa Amalik, Mohamed Elouazguiti, and Hicham Medromi. "Production System Modelling Methodologies of an Open Pit Mine." ITM Web of Conferences 43 (2022): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20224301001.
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Open pit mines experience several challenges and constraints in the management of mining operations and processes. The heterogeneity of the infrastructures and the complexity of the physical and managerial systems highlight these various challenges. The creation of a generic system that can drive but at the same time models in a dynamic logic all these constraints and elements assume a major complexity. In addition, the modelling allows the implementation of real-time decision-making components and increases the responsiveness of the system. This paper presents six modelling methodologies of the production system, namely Open System Architecture for Computer Integrated Manufacturing, GRAI Integrated Methodology, Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture, Generalized Enterprise Reference Architecture and Methodology, Zachman and Model Based System Engineering. Based on the multi-criteria analysis, we have shown that the Modelling Based System Engineering is the most adapted methodology in the case of open pit mines but this method knows a lack of agility in the system. Our system will use a methodology based on Model Based System Engineering and will consider the agility of the system.
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Agyei, G., and E. A. Kateng. "An innovative pedagogical simulation and animation of a shovel-truck system." Nigerian Journal of Technology 42, no. 1 (May 8, 2023): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v42i1.15.
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This paper aims to simulate and animate a shovel-truck system in an open pit mine using Arena® Software for teaching and learning purposes. The shovel-truck system is the use of loading and dumping units in the transportation of materials. The shovel-truck system has wide application in open pit mining. Animation of a shovel-truck system in Arena® is a reflection of the logic defined by the module’s flowcharts. Arena® software is a widely used simulation software based on Discrete Events. The data were analysed by an input analyser tool in Arena® software to get distributions and expressions for the shovel-truck system. The shovel-truck system was then modelled in the software. The developed animated model depicts the exact activities in open pit mines.
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Zhang, Lijia, Zhenqi Hu, Dazhi Yang, Huanhuan Li, Bo Liu, He Gao, Congjie Cao, Yan Zhou, Junfang Li, and Shuchang Li. "Land Use Dynamic Evolution and Driving Factors of Typical Open-Pit Coal Mines in Inner Mongolia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (August 7, 2022): 9723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159723.
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Although coal is difficult to replace in the short term, the large-scale production and consumption of coal have significant impacts on the ecological environment. The severe disturbances, such as land excavation and occupation, that accompany the mining of mineral resources have caused dramatic changes in land cover and a significant pressure on the sensitive and fragile ecological environment. To analyze the temporal and spatial evolution trends and the differences in land use in different typical mining areas in Inner Mongolia, as well as the evaluation system and driving mechanisms of land use evolution, this study takes the typical open-pit coal mines in Inner Mongolia as the research objects and, based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, analyzes the dynamic evolution characteristics and driving factors of land use in typical open-pit coal mines in Inner Mongolia from 2001 to 2020. The change trend of land use in typical open-pit mining areas in Inner Mongolia for the past 20 years is obvious, with the highest fluctuations for grassland, mining land, cropland, and residential/industrial land. Land use in the open-pit coal mining area is greatly affected by mining factors. From the perspective of spatial variation, the most important driving factor is the distance from national roads and railways, followed by the annual average temperature and annual average precipitation and topographical conditions, such as elevation. In terms of policy, land reclamation and ecological restoration in mining areas have a positive impact on land use change. Improving the mechanism for environmental compensation in mining areas can promote the efficient and rational use of mining areas and the protection of ecosystems.
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Yao, Jiang, Zhiqiang Wang, Hongbin Chen, Weigang Hou, Xiaomiao Zhang, Xu Li, and Weixing Yuan. "Open-Pit Mine Truck Dispatching System Based on Dynamic Ore Blending Decisions." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 13, 2023): 3399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043399.
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In the production process of open-pit mines, trucks are applied in the production process of open-pit mines for transporting ores and rocks. Most open-pit mines are equipped with dozens of trucks. It is important to plan the dispatch of trucks in the production process so that the transportation process can be the shortest in distance, the lowest in cost, and the most efficient. At present, many open-pit mining enterprises have realized the use of dispatching systems to schedule trucks to complete production tasks. However, these methods are mostly designed to deploy trucks to reduce production costs without considering the blending problem of the selected ores, and therefore it cannot meet the dual need of ore blending and dispatching. In order to solve the above technical problems and meet the actual needs of the current open-pit mine for ore blending and dispatching, this paper proposes an open-pit mine truck dispatching system based on dynamic ore blending decisions, supported by a 4G/5G wireless network, Beidou positioning, and Internet of Things technology, which can not only realize the optimized truck dispatching of open-pit mine production, but also meet the requirements of downstream concentrators for ore dressing grade. The system has been applied in the Ansteel Group QIDASHAN mine for one year. The proportion of trucks dispatched through the system reached more than 70%. The trucks’ capacity were upgraded from 3.79 to 4 million ton km per set per year, and the efficiency was improved by 5.5%. The limitations of the proposed system and method mainly include the possibility of inaccurate measurement of ore output and the lack of combination with unmanned driving.
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Aguayo, Ignacio Andrés Osses, Micah Nehring, and G. M. Wali Ullah. "Optimising Productivity and Safety of the Open Pit Loading and Haulage System with a Surge Loader." Mining 1, no. 2 (August 2, 2021): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mining1020011.
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The open pit mining load and haul system has been a mainstay of the mining industry for many years. While machines have increased in size and scale and automation has become an important development, there have been few innovations to the actual load and haul process itself in recent times. This research highlights some of the potential productivity and safety benefits that the incorporation of a surge loader may bring to the load and haul system through an analysis of the system, discussion of component characteristics, and mine planning aspects. The incorporation of the surge loader into open pit loading and haulage operations also enables improved safety. This is a result of a reduction in shovel–truck interactions and the reduced likelihood of truck overfilling and uneven loading. This paper details the number of mine worker deaths that a surge loader may have prevented within the Peruvian and Chilean mining industries.
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Putri, Fairus Atika Redanto, and Muhammad Reynaldi. "Design of Drainage System Coal Mine at PT. Tebo Agung International Site Project, Semambu Village, Sumay District, Tebo Regency, Jambi." Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT) 1, no. 2 (March 31, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2021.v1i2.1744.
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Tebo Agung Internasional Ltd is one of the companies in coal mining that employs the open-pit mining method. This sort of method will create a large basin that can accumulate water inside the mining pit. The drainage system is applied at the Pit-1 Site Semambu is mine-dewatering carried out by draining the water into the sump so that it can be pumped out of the mining area and prevent the runoff from coming inside through an open drainage system (ditch). The result of data analysis demonstrated that referring to the daily rainfall in 2010 – 2019 through the distribution of Log Person Type III, the maximum rainfall being planned was 508.019 mm/day within the return period of 5 years. The intensity of rainfall at the research site was 82.5 mm/hour having a rain duration averagely of 3.1 hours/day. Pit-1 Site Semambu had a catchment area around 469,317.15 m2 and a water discharge totally 61,238.81 m3/day derived from rainwater discharge of 48,530.48 m3/day and runoff water discharge 12,708.33 m3/day, whereas the capacity of the temporary accommodating pond (Sump) was 39,539.55 m3. The pump at the research site could not be operated anymore (broken). Accordingly, the recommendation that can be given to the company is changing the broken pumps with 4 units of multi fall 420 pumps having operating speed 1,300 rpm and actual discharge yielded by the pump 871.64 m3/hour. The pump worked for 14 hours/day and the total water discharge that could be produced was 12,202.96 m3/day. Open channel (ditch) at Pit-1 Site Semambu was the only one with accommodated discharge 1.27 m3/second. Thus, the recommendation that could be delivered to optimally prevent the runoff water coming into the mining area is by adding 2 ditches having the capacities of 0.90 m3/second and 0.75 m3/second which have been adjusted to the planned water discharge.
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Makridin, Eugene, Martin Kapko, and Martin Straka. "Technological Schemes at the Transverse Mining System of the Open Pit Mine’s Bottom Layer." E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017401014.
Full textAbstract:
At the quarry fields with inclined and steep occurrence of complex structural coal seams formations of Kuzbass, it is preferable to use transverse mining systems. In this case, transport costs are significantly reduced and alienation of land areas for external dumps is reduced too. It is also possible to apply an effective transportless technology of stripping operations. Absence at this technology of expensive and ecologically dangerous quarry dump trucks allows extracting coal with smaller expenses, makes it more competitive in the domestic and foreign coal market. However, for the design of such technology in the conditions of transverse direction of the mining front, at present, theoretical studies of issues related to the justification of its parameters and the choice of mining equipment are insufficient. A wide range of coal bed formation conditions, a wide range of standard sizes of draglines used in the transportless technology, as well as various values of the depth of mining predetermine the multi-variant solution of the above problems. In this case, the formation of possible variants of mining operations with the use of certain models of excavators for their subsequent evaluation by any criterion is in itself a rather complicated task.
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Balan, George, Iosif Andras, Nicolae Ilias, and Sorin Mihai Radu. "New Methods of Mining Technological System’s Performance Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 789-790 (September 2015): 1317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.789-790.1317.
Full textAbstract:
The mining production systems, both for underground and open pit extraction consist mainly in a string of equipment starting with the winning equipment (shearer loader, in case of underground longwall mining or bucket wheel excavator in case of open pit mining), hauling equipment (armored face conveyor in longwall mining or the on-board belt conveyor in case of excavators), main conveying equipment (belt conveyor in both cases), transfer devices, stock pile or bunker feeding equipment. This system of mainly serially connected elements is characterized by the throughput (overall amount of bulk coal respectively overburden rock produced), which is dependent on the functioning state of each involved equipment, and is strongly affected also by the process inherent variability due to the randomness of the involved processes (e.g. the cutting properties of the rock). In order to model and simulate such production systems, some probabilistic methods are applied arising from the artificial intelligence approach, involving unit operations and equipment, as the overall system as a whole, namely the Monte Carlo simulation, neural networks, fuzzy systems, and the Load Strength Interference methods. The results obtained are convergent and offer the opportunity for further developments of their application in the study of mining production systems.
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Calderón Larrañaga, Yolanda, CESAR AUGUSTO GARCIA UBAQUE, and Jorge Arturo Pineda Jaimes. "A data mining approach to the relationships between landslides and open-pit mining activity: a case study in Soacha (Cundinamarca)." DYNA 88, no. 217 (May 11, 2021): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v88n217.89558.
Full textAbstract:
Landslides caused by changes in land use, or by anthropic activities such as open-pit mining, constitute one of the most important socio-economic risk factors in countries with developing economies. This article presents an approach to the relationships between mining activity and the development of landslides in a pilot area located in Soacha, Cundinamarca. Through data mining analysis and the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), an evaluation of the possible relationships of these factors was carried out, including socioeconomic aspects. From an inventory of open-pit mining sites, the geomechanical characterization of soil and rock units, and the characterization of environmental and social variables, data were obtained to define variables whose relationships were determined by algorithms programmed in the GIS. The results show that there is an indirect relationship between open-pit mining activity and landslides development over the last four decades in the studied zone.
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Cohen, Miri Weiss, and Vitor Nazário Coelho. "Open-Pit Mining Operational Planning using Multi Agent Systems." Procedia Computer Science 192 (2021): 1677–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.08.172.
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Ismagilov, R. I., A. V. Grinik, A. I. Dogadin, V. M. Melnikov, A. G. Lebedev, A. M. Shmonov, A. V. Gerasimov, S. G. Kabelko, and T. N. Nevlyutov. "Digital open pit mine: utilization of mining and geological information system in mine planning." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 3/2022 (July 1, 2022): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-52-60.
Full textAbstract:
Creation of mine development plans for mining operations in the ferrous and non-ferrous metals industry is a timeconsuming and creative process that requires high levels of specialist expertise, especially in manual planning, where it is quite difficult to assess the impact of decisions made hic et nunc on the future development of the company. Application of mining and geological systems in planning makes it possible to simulate and assess many different options in mine development within a short period time and with sufficiently high reliability. These systems allow planning specialists to make more informed and correct decisions without the fear that these decisions may lead to deterioration of open pits or mines. The article describes the course of project implementation to transform the business processes of mine planning using mining and geological information system by Dassault Systemes at the METALLOINVEST Group of Companies as exemplified by the Mikhailovsky GOK Lebedinsky GOK mines.
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Lu, Ming Juan, Ming Zhu, Wen Sheng Liu, Ai Xia Zhang, Li Xin Ai, Ji Huan Peng, Lian Guang Ning, and Hua Li. "Study on Safety Assessment Modeling in Sijiaying Open-Pit Iron Mine." Advanced Materials Research 429 (January 2012): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.429.200.
Full textAbstract:
Based on the analysis of potential safety problems and main factors effecting on safety in mining process, safety evaluation index system was constructed for Sijiaying Open-pit Iron Mine. The fuzzy subjection degrees are determined by setting up the fuzzy membership function, numerical value statistic and expert evaluation method. Analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy set method have been used to build the mathematic model, and then the evaluation results were given for reveal the disfigurement in mining process.