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Journal articles on the topic 'Open channel'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Barnes, S., and B. Hille. "Veratridine modifies open sodium channels." Journal of General Physiology 91, no. 3 (1988): 421–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.91.3.421.

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The state dependence of Na channel modification by the alkaloid neurotoxin veratridine was investigated with single-channel and whole-cell voltage-clamp recording in neuroblastoma cells. Several tests of whole-cell Na current behavior in the presence of veratridine supported the hypothesis that Na channels must be open in order to undergo modification by the neurotoxin. Modification was use dependent and required depolarizing pulses, the voltage dependence of production of modified channels was similar to that of normal current activation, and prepulses that caused inactivation of normal curre

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2

Pandey, Bharat Raj. "Open Channel Surges." Journal of Advanced College of Engineering and Management 1 (May 13, 2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jacem.v1i0.14919.

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<p>The open channel Surges due to sudden changes of flow depth creates Celerity (Wave Velocity) in the flow in addition to the normal water velocity of the channels. These waves travel in the downstream and sometimes upstream of the channels depending on the various situations. The propagation of the Surges becomes positives or negatives depending on its crest and the trough of the waves. Therefore, on this topic, these principals are presented in the analytical methods<strong><em>.</em></strong></p><p><em>Journal of Advanced College of Engineeri

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3

Undrovinas, A. I., and J. C. Makielski. "Blockade of lysophosphatidylcholine-modified cardiac Na channels by a lidocaine derivative QX-222." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 271, no. 2 (1996): H790—H797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1996.271.2.h790.

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Single Na channels from rat and rabbit ventricular cells were studied with use of the excised inside-out patch-clamp technique. To investigate local anesthetic interactions with Na channels modified by the ischemic metabolite lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), the quaternary ammonium lidocaine derivative QX-222 [2-(trimethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide] was applied to the cytoplasmic side of patches from untreated cells and from those treated with LPC for approximately 1 h. Single-channel amplitudes and kinetics for unmodified channels were similar to those reported previously for cardia

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4

Liin, Sara I., Per-Eric Lund, Johan E. Larsson, Johan Brask, Björn Wallner, and Fredrik Elinder. "Biaryl sulfonamide motifs up- or down-regulate ion channel activity by activating voltage sensors." Journal of General Physiology 150, no. 8 (2018): 1215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201711942.

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Voltage-gated ion channels are key molecules for the generation of cellular electrical excitability. Many pharmaceutical drugs target these channels by blocking their ion-conducting pore, but in many cases, channel-opening compounds would be more beneficial. Here, to search for new channel-opening compounds, we screen 18,000 compounds with high-throughput patch-clamp technology and find several potassium-channel openers that share a distinct biaryl-sulfonamide motif. Our data suggest that the negatively charged variants of these compounds bind to the top of the voltage-sensor domain, between t

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5

Hu, S. L., Y. Yamamoto, and C. Y. Kao. "The Ca2+-activated K+ channel and its functional roles in smooth muscle cells of guinea pig taenia coli." Journal of General Physiology 94, no. 5 (1989): 833–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.94.5.833.

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Currents through single potassium channels were studied in cell-attached or inside-out patches from collagenase-dispersed smooth muscle cells of the guinea pig taenia coli. Under conditions mimicking the physiological state with [K+]i = 135 mM: [K+]o = 5.4 mM, three distinct types of K+ channel were identified with conductances around 0 mV of 147, 94, and 63 pS. The activities of the 94- and 63-pS channel were observed infrequently. The 147-pS channel was most abundant. It has a reversal potential of approximately -75 mV. It is sensitive to [Ca2+]i and to membrane potential. At -30 mV, the pro

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6

Marabelli, Alessandro, Remigijus Lape, and Lucia Sivilotti. "Mechanism of activation of the prokaryotic channel ELIC by propylamine: A single-channel study." Journal of General Physiology 145, no. 1 (2014): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201411234.

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Prokaryotic channels, such as Erwinia chrysanthemi ligand-gated ion channel (ELIC) and Gloeobacter violaceus ligand-gated ion channel, give key structural information for the pentameric ligand-gated ion channel family, which includes nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. ELIC, a cationic channel from E. chrysanthemi, is particularly suitable for single-channel recording because of its high conductance. Here, we report on the kinetic properties of ELIC channels expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Single-channel currents elicited by the full agonist propylamine (0.5–50 mM) in outside-out

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7

Silverå Ejneby, Malin, Björn Wallner, and Fredrik Elinder. "Coupling stabilizers open KV1-type potassium channels." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 43 (2020): 27016–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2007965117.

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The opening and closing of voltage-gated ion channels are regulated by voltage sensors coupled to a gate that controls the ion flux across the cellular membrane. Modulation of any part of gating constitutes an entry point for pharmacologically regulating channel function. Here, we report on the discovery of a large family of warfarin-like compounds that open the two voltage-gated type 1 potassium (KV1) channels KV1.5 and Shaker, but not the related KV2-, KV4-, or KV7-type channels. These negatively charged compounds bind in the open state to positively charged arginines and lysines between the

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8

Miller, C., R. Latorre, and I. Reisin. "Coupling of voltage-dependent gating and Ba++ block in the high-conductance, Ca++-activated K+ channel." Journal of General Physiology 90, no. 3 (1987): 427–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.90.3.427.

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Voltage-dependent Ca++-activated K+ channels from rat skeletal muscle were reconstituted into planar lipid bilayers, and the kinetics of block of single channels by Ba++ were studied. The Ba++ association rate varies linearly with the probability of the channel being open, while the dissociation rate follows a rectangular hyperbolic relationship with open-state probability. Ba ions can be occluded within the channel by closing the channel with a strongly hyperpolarizing voltage applied during a Ba++-blocked interval. Occluded Ba ions cannot dissociate from the blocking site until after the cha

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9

Khan, S., and M. K. Khan. "Entanglement of Open Quantum Systems in Noninertial Frames." Open Systems & Information Dynamics 19, no. 02 (2012): 1250013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1230161212500138.

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We study the effects of decoherence on the entanglement generated by Unruh effect in accelerated frames by using various combinations of an amplitude damping channel, a phase damping channel and a depolarizing channel in the form of multilocal and collective environments. Using concurrence as entanglement quantifier, we show that the occurrence of entanglement sudden death (ESD) depends on different combinations of the channels. The ESD can be avoided under a particular configuration of the channels. We show that the channels can be used to distinguish between a moving and a stationary frame.

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10

Fyfe, Gregor K., and Cecilia M. Canessa. "Subunit Composition Determines the Single Channel Kinetics of the Epithelial Sodium Channel." Journal of General Physiology 112, no. 4 (1998): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.112.4.423.

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We have further characterized at the single channel level the properties of epithelial sodium channels formed by coexpression of α with either wild-type β or γ subunits and α with carboxy-terminal truncated β (βT) or γ (γT) subunits in Xenopus laevis oocytes. αβ and αβT channels (9.6 and 8.7 pS, respectively, with 150 mM Li+) were found to be constitutively open. Only upon inclusion of 1 μM amiloride in the pipette solution could channel activity be resolved; both channel types had short open and closed times. Mean channel open probability (Po) for αβ was 0.54 and for αβT was 0.50. In comparis

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11

Pradhan, Siprarani, Lokesh Dash, and Kishanjit Kumar Khatua. "A Critical Review of Turbulence Characteristics in Open Channel Flow." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 10 (2023): 441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.56011.

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Abstract: This study subject encompasses a comprehensive evaluation of the available literature on turbulence in open channel flows. Open channel flows are characterized by intricate fluid dynamics, including the production of turbulent eddies and vortices that can profoundly alter transport processes and mixing of diverse fluids. The paper addresses the numerous forms of turbulence that can occur in open channels, such as coherent structures, secondary currents, and bed-generated turbulence. We investigate the elements that determine the intensity and features of these turbulent flows, includ

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12

Sackin, H., and L. G. Palmer. "Basolateral potassium channels in renal proximal tubule." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 253, no. 3 (1987): F476—F487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1987.253.3.f476.

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Potassium (K+) channels in the basolateral membrane of unperfused Necturus proximal tubules were studied in both cell-attached and excised patches, after removal of the tubule basement membrane by manual dissection without collagenase. Two different K+ channels were identified on the basis of their kinetics: a short open-time K+ channel, with a mean open time less than 1 ms, and a long open-time K+ channel with a mean open time greater than 20 ms. The short open-time channel occurred more frequently than the longer channel, especially in excised patches. For inside-out excised patches with Cl-

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13

Waldeck, Clemens, Kerstin Vocke, Nicole Ungerer, Stephan Frings, and Frank Möhrlen. "Activation and desensitization of the olfactory cAMP-gated transduction channel: identification of functional modules." Journal of General Physiology 134, no. 5 (2009): 397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.200910296.

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Olfactory receptor neurons respond to odor stimulation with a receptor potential that results from the successive activation of cyclic AMP (cAMP)-gated, Ca2+-permeable channels and Ca2+-activated chloride channels. The cAMP-gated channels open at micromolar concentrations of their ligand and are subject to a Ca2+-dependent feedback inhibition by calmodulin. Attempts to understand the operation of these channels have been hampered by the fact that the channel protein is composed of three different subunits, CNGA2, CNGA4, and CNGB1b. Here, we explore the individual role that each subunit plays i

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14

Nielsen. "The Open Channel." Computer 18, no. 1 (1985): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1985.1662689.

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15

Patterson and Hennessy. "The Open Channel." Computer 18, no. 11 (1985): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1985.1662752.

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16

Colwell, Hitchcock, Jensen, Brinkley Sprunt, and Becker. "The Open Channel." Computer 18, no. 12 (1985): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1985.1662784.

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17

Fenwick, Wellck, Lipp, and Laws. "The Open Channel." Computer 18, no. 3 (1985): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1985.1662837.

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18

Andrews and Feinberg. "The Open Channel." Computer 18, no. 4 (1985): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1985.1662871.

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19

Nichols. "The Open Channel." Computer 18, no. 5 (1985): 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1985.1662900.

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20

Botting, Siddappa, and McClintock. "The Open Channel." Computer 18, no. 8 (1985): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1985.1662981.

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21

Yellayi, Mohan, Bill Janssen, Daryoush Morshedian, and Gilman D. Chesley. "The Open Channel." Computer 19, no. 1 (1986): 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1986.1663042.

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22

Horning and Tabak. "The Open Channel." Computer 19, no. 10 (1986): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1986.1663077.

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23

Jacobs. "The Open Channel." Computer 19, no. 12 (1986): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1986.1663129.

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24

Almanack. "The Open Channel." Computer 19, no. 3 (1986): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1986.1663183.

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25

Sen, Nelson, Kirchner, Tracz, and Ludewig. "The Open Channel." Computer 19, no. 6 (1986): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1986.1663262.

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26

Valentine, Eric M. "Open-Channel Flow." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 127, no. 9 (2001): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2001)127:9(788).

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27

Sturm,, TW, and J. Tuzson,. "Open Channel Hydraulics." Applied Mechanics Reviews 54, no. 6 (2001): B107—B108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1421122.

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28

Rabbat, G., B. Furht, and R. Kibler. "The Open Channel." Computer 21, no. 7 (1988): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.69.

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29

Guthery. "The Open Channel." Computer 20, no. 1 (1987): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1987.1663368.

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30

Estell. "The Open Channel." Computer 20, no. 11 (1987): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1987.1663419.

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31

Freeman and Drissel. "The Open Channel." Computer 20, no. 2 (1987): 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1987.1663487.

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32

Jordan and Chesley. "The Open Channel." Computer 20, no. 3 (1987): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1987.1663513.

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33

Milutinovic, Milutinovic, Soucek, and Estell. "The Open Channel." Computer 20, no. 4 (1987): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1987.1663541.

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34

Harper and Estell. "The Open Channel." Computer 20, no. 5 (1987): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1987.1663569.

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35

Tracz and Feinberg. "The Open Channel." Computer 20, no. 6 (1987): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1987.1663595.

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36

Shaw and Tracz. "The Open Channel." Computer 20, no. 7 (1987): 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1987.1663632.

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37

Lansdowne, Cousins, and Wilkinson. "The Open Channel." Computer 20, no. 8 (1987): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1987.1663668.

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38

Holmes, N. "The Open Channel." Computer 31, no. 11 (1998): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.1998.730742.

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39

Weiss, D. S. "Membrane potential modulates the activation of GABA-gated channels." Journal of Neurophysiology 59, no. 2 (1988): 514–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1988.59.2.514.

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1. The activity of single gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated Cl- channels (GABA = 0.5-2.0 microM) was recorded in inside-out patches of membrane from cultured chick cerebral neurons. 2. The distribution of open intervals of the GABA channel was described by the sum of two exponentials, which suggests the presence of at least two open states of the channel. The time constants of these two components were 0.39 +/- 0.1 and 2.1 +/- 0.9 ms (+/- SD, n = 9). 3. The distribution of shut intervals was described by the sum of either three (n = 5) or four (n = 3) exponentials. This suggests the presenc

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40

Trapani, Josef G., Payam Andalib, Joseph F. Consiglio, and Stephen J. Korn. "Control of Single Channel Conductance in the Outer Vestibule of the Kv2.1 Potassium Channel." Journal of General Physiology 128, no. 2 (2006): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.200509465.

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Current magnitude in Kv2.1 potassium channels is modulated by external [K+]. In contrast to behavior expected from the change in electrochemical driving force, outward current through Kv2.1 channels becomes larger when extracellular [K+] is increased within the physiological range. The mechanism that underlies this unusual property involves the opening of Kv2.1 channels into one of two different outer vestibule conformations, which are defined by their sensitivity to TEA. Channels that open into a TEA-sensitive conformation generate larger macroscopic currents, whereas channels that open into

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41

Latorre, Ramon, Riccardo Olcese, Claudia Basso, et al. "Molecular Coupling between Voltage Sensor and Pore Opening in the Arabidopsis Inward Rectifier K+ Channel KAT1." Journal of General Physiology 122, no. 4 (2003): 459–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.200308818.

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Animal and plant voltage-gated ion channels share a common architecture. They are made up of four subunits and the positive charges on helical S4 segments of the protein in animal K+ channels are the main voltage-sensing elements. The KAT1 channel cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana, despite its structural similarity to animal outward rectifier K+ channels is, however, an inward rectifier. Here we detected KAT1-gating currents due to the existence of an intrinsic voltage sensor in this channel. The measured gating currents evoked in response to hyperpolarizing voltage steps consist of a very fast

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42

Alvarez, Osvaldo, Carlos Gonzalez, and Ramon Latorre. "COUNTING CHANNELS: A TUTORIAL GUIDE ON ION CHANNEL FLUCTUATION ANALYSIS." Advances in Physiology Education 26, no. 4 (2002): 327–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00006.2002.

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Ion channels open and close in a stochastic fashion, following the laws of probability. However, distinct from tossing a coin or a die, the probability of finding the channel closed or open is not a fixed number but can be modified (i.e., we can cheat) by some external stimulus, such as the voltage. Single-channel records can be obtained using the appropriate electrophysiological technique (e.g., patch clamp), and from these records the open probability and the channel conductance can be calculated. Gathering these parameters from a membrane containing many channels is not straightforward, as

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43

Kleyman, Thomas R., and Douglas C. Eaton. "Regulating ENaC’s gate." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 318, no. 1 (2020): C150—C162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00418.2019.

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Epithelial Na+ channels (ENaCs) are members of a family of cation channels that function as sensors of the extracellular environment. ENaCs are activated by specific proteases in the biosynthetic pathway and at the cell surface and remove embedded inhibitory tracts, which allows channels to transition to higher open-probability states. Resolved structures of ENaC and an acid-sensing ion channel revealed highly organized extracellular regions. Within the periphery of ENaC subunits are unique domains formed by antiparallel β-strands containing the inhibitory tracts and protease cleavage sites. E

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44

Hoshi, T., and R. W. Aldrich. "Gating kinetics of four classes of voltage-dependent K+ channels in pheochromocytoma cells." Journal of General Physiology 91, no. 1 (1988): 107–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.91.1.107.

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Clonal pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells have four different types of voltage-dependent K+ channels whose activation does not require high concentrations of Ca++ on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane (Hoshi, T., and R. W. Aldrich, 1988, Journal of General Physiology, 91:73-106). The durations of open and closed events of these four different types of voltage-dependent K+ channels were measured using the excised configuration of the patch-clamp method. The open durations of a class of K+ channels termed the Kz channel, which activates rapidly and inactivates slowly in response to depolarizing pu

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45

Li, Chunyan, and James O’Donnell. "The Effect of Channel Length on the Residual Circulation in Tidally Dominated Channels." Journal of Physical Oceanography 35, no. 10 (2005): 1826–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo2804.1.

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Abstract With an analytic model, this paper describes the subtidal circulation in tidally dominated channels of different lengths, with arbitrary lateral depth variations. The focus is on an important parameter associated with the reversal of the exchange flows. This parameter (δ) is defined as the ratio between the channel length and one-quarter of the tidal wavelength, which is determined by water depth and tidal frequency. In this study, a standard bottom drag coefficient, CD = 0.0025, is used. For a channel with δ smaller than 0.6–0.7 (short channels), the exchange flow at the open end has

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46

Sumiadi, Sumiadi, Bambang Kironoto, Djoko Legono, and Istiarto Istiarto. "Bed-Shear Velocity Measurement in Curved Open Channel." Civil and Environmental Science 004, no. 01 (2021): 093–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.civense.2021.00401.9.

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Generally, the condition of the rivers in Indonesia are alluvial rivers which had meanders, where the change in the river bed topography often occur. One of the parameters associated with changes in the river bed topography is bed-shear velocity, or Reynolds stress. The bed-shear velocity can be calculated by the Reynolds stress distribution method and the Clauser method which commonly used in straight channels. In fact, on natural channel there is a curve and even a meandering channel. With more complex flow conditions, the use of the Clauser method in curved channels can be questioned, is it

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47

Bao, Hongxia, Atiya Hakeem, Mark Henteleff, John G. Starkus, and Martin D. Rayner. "Voltage-insensitive Gating after Charge-neutralizing Mutations in the S4 Segment of Shaker Channels." Journal of General Physiology 113, no. 1 (1999): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.113.1.139.

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Shaker channel mutants, in which the first (R362), second (R365), and fourth (R371) basic residues in the S4 segment have been neutralized, are found to pass potassium currents with voltage-insensitive kinetics when expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Single channel recordings clarify that these channels continue to open and close from −160 to +80 mV with a constant opening probability (Po). Although Po is low (∼0.15) in these mutants, mean open time is voltage independent and similar to that of control Shaker channels. Additionally, these mutant channels retain characteristic Shaker channel selecti

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48

Setiyadi, S. "Flow velocity behavior programming on open channel bends." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 878, no. 1 (2021): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/878/1/012049.

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Abstract Flow velocity on open channel bends generally experiences additional velocity which is called secondary velocity. This paper aims to analyse and calculate the velocity that occurs in an open channel bend in general. The calculation that the writer uses is the calculation with fortran programming, in a case study of a river that bends, where the variables that must be present are given. The results of calculations and measurements of Secondary Speeds that occur at channel bends in this Open Channel will be very useful for river channel improvement or flood prevention in river channels,

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49

Sayed, Tarek. "An experimental study of branching flow in open channels." Limnological Review 19, no. 2 (2019): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/limre-2019-0008.

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Abstract Branching channel flow describes any side water withdrawals from rivers or main channels. Branching channels have widespread application in many practical projects, such as irrigation and drainage network systems, water and waste-water treatment plants, and many water resources projects. Therefore, in this research, a comprehensive analysis of laboratory data has been carried out to discover the best angle of branching. The study also aims to introduce simple, practical equations to help engineers of water resources to fix the percentage of discharge diverted to the branch channel. Th

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50

Oh, Y., and D. J. Benos. "Single-channel characteristics of a purified bovine renal amiloride-sensitive Na+ channel in planar lipid bilayers." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 264, no. 6 (1993): C1489—C1499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1993.264.6.c1489.

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We have purified an amiloride-inhibitable Na+ channel protein from bovine renal papillae using ion-exchange and immunoaffinity chromatography. In the present study, these purified Na+ channels were reconstituted into planar lipid bilayers, and their single-channel characteristics were studied. We observed both large- and small-conductance Na(+)-selective ion channels in planar lipid bilayers. Single-channel conductance for the large- and small-conductance channels saturated as a function of Na+ concentration. These relations could be fitted by a simple Langmuir isotherm with a Michaelis consta

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