Academic literature on the topic 'Open air factor'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Open air factor.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Open air factor"
1
Hobday, R. A. "The open-air factor and infection control." Journal of Hospital Infection 103, no. 1 (September 2019): e23-e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2019.04.003.
Full text
2
Cox, R. Anthony, Markus Ammann, John N. Crowley, Paul T. Griffiths, Hartmut Herrmann, Erik H. Hoffmann, Michael E. Jenkin, et al. "Opinion: The germicidal effect of ambient air (open-air factor) revisited." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 17 (September 2, 2021): 13011–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13011-2021.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The term open-air factor (OAF) was coined following microbiological research in the 1960s and 1970s which established that rural air had powerful germicidal properties and attributed this to Criegee intermediates formed in the reaction of ozone with alkenes. We have re-evaluated those early experiments applying the current state of knowledge of ozone–alkene reactions. Contrary to previous speculation, neither Criegee intermediates nor the HO radicals formed in their decomposition are directly responsible for the germicidal activity attributed to the OAF. We identify other potential candidates, which are formed in ozone–alkene reactions and have known (and likely) germicidal properties, but the compounds responsible for the OAF remain a mystery. There has been very little research into the OAF since the 1970s, and this effect seems to have been largely forgotten. In this opinion piece we remind the community of the germicidal open-air factor. Given the current global pandemic spread by an airborne pathogen, understanding the natural germicidal effects of ambient air, solving the mystery of the open-air factor and determining how this effect can be used to improve human welfare should be a high priority for the atmospheric science community.
3
IINO, Akinaru, Kazuhiro KOGA, Kenji TSUKAMOTO, and Satoru ITO. "FACTOR ON AIR TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION ON OPEN TYPE PLATFORMS." Journal of Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 70, no. 587 (2005): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aije.70.37_1.
Full text
4
BAILEY, ROGER, LOUISE FIELDING, ANDY YOUNG, and CHRIS GRIFFITH. "Effect of Ozone and Open Air Factor against Aerosolized Micrococcus luteus." Journal of Food Protection 70, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 2769–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-70.12.2769.
Full textAbstract:
Because of increased concerns over failures in cleaning, the role of bioaerosols, and the environmental and clinical persistence of pathogens, the evaluation of novel decontaminants is increasingly important. The bactericidal properties of open air factor (OAF; a collection of highly reactive chemical species) were identified in the 1970s; however, the potential practical applications of artificially generated OAF have been considered only recently. In this study, the effects of OAF against Micrococcus luteus were investigated. OAF was generated and distributed in a bioaerosol test chamber by delivery of monoterpenes into ozonated air (0.1 ppm) at concentrations of 2.0 (high), 0.75 (medium), or 0.3 (low) mgm−3 h−1. M. luteus was aerosolized, and the number of culturable survivors was determined after 2, 5, 10, 20, and 60 min. Culturable bacteria were enumerated by aerobic plate counts in all-glass impinger fluid. Data were analyzed for statistical significance using one- or two-way analyses of variance. When aerosolized bacteria were exposed to ozone alone (0.05, 0.1, and 2 ppm), a significant (up to 3-log) reduction was observed at all concentrations, and the effect was time dependent. When exposed to the cyclic monoterpene alone, there were no significant differences between test samples and controls. When exposed to OAF (high and medium concentrations in 0.1 ppm ozone) there were significant differences after 20 min. These reductions were significantly greater than those achieved with ozone alone at 0.1 ppm. OAF is potentially an effective antibacterial agent that can reduce the microbial load in air. Because the technology uses reaction compounds naturally found in the environment, risks to health may be lower than those associated with ozone or other gaseous treatments. However, this hypothesis needs further investigation.
5
Gong, Myung Keun, Gun Woo Kim, and Myung Do Oh. "The Effect of Round Flow Path Discharger and Back Panel Open Ratio on a Performance of Open Refrigerating Showcase." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 27, no. 03 (September 2019): 1950025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132519500251.
Full textAbstract:
Numerical study is conducted to confirm the effect of round flow path control and back panel open ratio on a performance of open refrigerating showcase in this study. The rounding control is applied to flow path of air discharger in various radii and the punched panel with various open ratios is applied to back panel of showcase. These structural changes have a significant impact on its aircurtain performance because both changes can affect flow pattern of showcase. To prove it, the two-dimensional steady simulation is performed using [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] turbulent model. The performance of showcase is assessed using entrainment factor which is a ratio between cooled air and ambient air at the suction of refrigerating part. As a result of simulation, the curved path at air discharger reduces the entrainment factor by a maximum 9% less than typical design. The curved flow path removes the dead zone at the honeycomb structure of discharger. In addition, it is found that there is an optimal back panel open ratio at the storage space of the showcase. When the back panel open ratio is 0%, the cooled air from the discharge is attached to the cold storage area because of the Cowanda effect. However, the Cowanda effect is eliminated when back panel open ratio increases. Results address that the entrainment factor remains almost the same at back panel open ratio 3.93% or more. Lastly, the simulation of showcase with product in cold storage area is conducted to confirm the structure changes effect on performance of real use showcase according to KS Standard.
6
Sobko, Z. Z., N. M. Vozniuk, and O. A. Lykho. "Evolution of open air quality of urbanized territories under Covid-19 pandemic conditions." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 10, no. 6 (December 10, 2020): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2020_256.
Full textAbstract:
Current state of world affairs in 2020 during quarantine enforced due to COVID-19 pandemic is characterized, on the one hand, with economic recession, but on the other hand, also with improvement of ecological state of environment. Thus a unique opportunity came up to study processes of open air conditions formation in settlements in circumstances of restricted economic activity and limitations imposed on all kinds of transportation. This article presents results of research of trends of formation of open air quality of urbanized territories (using city of Rivne as an example) during quarantine enforced due to COVID-19 pandemic. It is determined that due to introduction of quarantine measures air quality has improved. So, during the quarantine as well as after relaxation of quarantine measures only concentration of formaldehyde in open air of Rivne city did exceed average daily MAC. Primary source of open air pollution in Rivne city is motor vehicles which comprise 79% of total amount of pollutant emissions. Main pollutants which influence formation of open air quality in the city are: dust, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and formaldehyde. They exceeded average daily MAC by factor of 1.3 to 32. Complex air pollution index (CAPI) was equal to 5.4 during quarantine restrictions but grew to 5.7 when the restrictions were partially loosened. Thus, air pollution level was evaluated as "mild pollution". During the corresponding periods of 2019 this index was changing from 6.9 ("mild air pollution") to 7.7 ("polluted air") respectively. Open air pollution level is determined by a complex of constituents including pollutant emission amounts, their specifics and dependency on meteorological factors. Due to this aspect we have performed statistical examinations to determine dependency of open air pollutant concentrations on meteorological conditions using multiple correlation coefficients. Strong correlation was exhibited for nitrogen oxide, hydrogen chloride and ammonia: multiple correlation coefficients fall within 0.76-0.80 range; moderate correlation was seen for dust, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen disulphide, phenol and formaldehyde with multiple correlation coefficients varying in 0.51-0.70 range.
7
Maddrell, SH. "Why are there no insects in the open sea?" Journal of Experimental Biology 201, no. 17 (September 1, 1998): 2461–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.201.17.2461.
Full textAbstract:
The air-filled tracheal respiratory system of insects prevents them from diving deeply in water. It is argued that this is the major factor in preventing insects from colonizing the open sea: they cannot descend sufficiently deeply in the daytime to escape being eaten by fish.
8
Gaspar, Pedro Dinis, L. C. Carrilho Gonçalves, and R. A. Pitarma. "Experimental analysis of the thermal entrainment factor of air curtains in vertical open display cabinets for different ambient air conditions." Applied Thermal Engineering 31, no. 5 (April 2011): 961–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.11.020.
Full text
9
Belyanovskaya, Elena, Kostyantyn Mikhaylovich Sukhyy, Yana Oleksandrivna Serhiienko, Mikhaylo Porfyryevich Sukhyy, G. Pustovoy, and Irina Valeriivna Sukha. "EXERGY ANALYSIS OF AN OPEN-MODE ADSORPTIVE HEAT STORAGE UNIT BASED ON COMPOSITE ADSORBENT ‘SILICA GEL – CRYSTALLINE HYDRATE’." Scientific Works 86, no. 1 (December 16, 2022): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/swonaft.v86i1.2403.
Full textAbstract:
Exergy analysis of an open-mode adsorptive heat storage unit has been performed when a composite ‘silica gel – crystalline hydrate’ used as an adsorbent. The crucial factors affecting the exergy efficiency factor are stated to be temperature and initial humidity of airflow supplied to the inlet of adsorbent layer, temperature of external air and methods of air flow humidification. Procedure of calculation of the operating characteristics of an open-mode adsorptive heat storage device was further developed. The suggested procedure involves determination of adsorption, specific adsorption heat and final airflow temperature, useful heat, heat inputs for operating heat storage device and its efficiency factor, then exergy recovered, exergy supplied and exergy efficiency are calculated. Exergy efficiency depends on characteristics of flow of humid air fanned into the adsorbent layer such as temperature and initial absolute humidity which strongly affect the adsorption and final airflow temperatures. Increase of initial temperature of the humid air leads to decreasing of the exergy efficiency. Maximal values of exergy efficiency are determined at the absolute humidity and temperatures of initial airflow within the ranges of 0.03 – 0.04 kg/m3 and 20 – 30ºC, respectively. These characteristics are corresponded to the maximal airflow temperatures after passing through the adsorbent layer which meet to the Sanitary Regulations. Dependence of exergy efficiency vs. external air temperature and initial airflow temperature is shown. The exergy efficiencies of the open-mode adsorptive heat storage unit with steam and ultrasonic humidification were compared. Ultrasonic humidification is shown to allow increasing the exergy efficiency by 7 % against steam humidification. The obtained results can be used when energy-efficient heat and ventilation systems for residential premises developed.
10
Alifia, Lustyafa Inassani. "Karakteristik Masyarakat Desa Jatirejoyoso Mengenai Perilaku Buang Air Besar Sembarangan." CoMPHI Journal: Community Medicine and Public Health of Indonesia Journal 1, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37148/comphijournal.v1i2.10.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The proportion of open defecation behavior in Indonesia ranks second highest after India. Stop open defecation is the first pillar of the Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) program as the main focus. Disposing feces that not eligible with sanitation requirements can cause soil pollution, the provision of clean water, and trigger the disease vectors. Aim of study: This study describes the characteristics of the people in Jatirejoyoso Village, Kepanjen District, Malang Regency regarding the ownership of healthy latrines, and the behavior of open defecation. This research sample was taken using a purposive sampling method of 46 households. Results and Discussion: The results showed 42 respondents (91.3%) understood the importance of healthy latrines. Meanwhile, 32 respondents (69.56%) behaved defecate in the river, and 14 (30.44%) of respondents conducted defecation in a neighbor's toilet. Residents who don’t have latrines because of the cost factor, as many as 40 respondents (86.96%), and the remaining 6 respondents due to lack of house land. 28 respondents (60.86%) experienced diarrhea within 1 year. All respondents (100%) claimed to have received information about BABS and PHBS from health workers in the village. Conclusion: The conclusion that can be drawn is the knowledge of the people of Jatirejoyoso Village about the importance of good healthy latrines, but the cost and land constraints are a factor for residents not to have private healthy latrines.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Open air factor"
1
Nicholas, Rebecca Charlotte. "The effect of ozone and open air factor on environmental microbial isolates of significance in the food industry." Thesis, Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10369/7557.
Full textAbstract:
Ozone and open air factor (OAF) have been reported in the research literature as being effective anti-microbial agents. The action of ozone on microbes is relatively well understood, but the action of OAF is not well characterised. Both ozone and OAF have relatively short half-lives and do not leave behind toxic residues. The advantages of using a gas instead of aerosols, or droplets produced by fogging to decontaminate surfaces, is that a gas will come into contact with the horizontal, vertical and inverted planes of the surfaces (by diffusion), whereas aerosols or droplets will be affected by gravity. The effect of gaseous ozone, OAF and ozonated water with or without d-limonene emulsified in alcohol on surface attached and biofilm environmental L. monocytogenes amd P. aeruginosa were investigated. The interaction of each treatment with microorganisms was elucidated by determining microbial survival on different food contact surfaces, detecting cell injury by examining treated environmental L. monocytogenes cells using scanning electron and atomic force microscopy. All treatments were significantly more effective in eliminating the gram negative than the gram positive bacteria. This may be due to differences in cell wall structure and the cell’s ability to produce extracellular polymeric substances. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that gaseous ozone caused the cells to bleb out their cellular contents, whereas for OAF treated cells, holes were apparent in the cell wall. The ozonated water treatments were more effective in stripping the biofilm away from the surface substrata. The atomic force microscope showed that OAF, ozonated water and terpene, and the terpene in water treatments caused visible cell surface property changes, compared to gaseous ozone and ozonated water treatment alone.
Books on the topic "Open air factor"
1
Masuku, Bianca, Michelle Willmers, Henry Trotter, and Glenda Cox, eds. UCT Open Textbook Journeys. UCT Libraries, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/0-7992-2551-8.
Full textAbstract:
The UCT Open Textbook Journeys monograph tells the stories of 11 academics at the University of Cape Town who embarked on open textbook development initiatives in order to provide their students with more accessible and locally relevant learning materials. Produced by the Digital Open Textbooks for Development (DOT4D) initiative, the monograph contributes towards a better understanding of open textbook production by providing details related to authors’ processes and their reflections on their work. The collection aims to provide rich anecdotal evidence about the factors driving open textbook activity and shed light on how to go about conceptualising and producing open textbooks, and to aid the articulation of emerging open textbook production models that advance social justice in higher education.
2
Rosenthal, Brett D., Marco Mendoza, Barrett S. Boody, and Wellington K. Hsu. Approaches and Relative Benefits of Open Versus Minimally Invasive Surgery for Degenerative Conditions. Edited by Mehul J. Desai. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199350940.003.0022.
Full textAbstract:
Minimally invasive techniques aim to improve upon traditional open surgeries by limiting the morbidity of the surgical approach. In doing so, soft tissue collateral injury is minimized, the midline is relatively spared, and the amount of osseous resection is reduced. Both open and minimal-access procedures are options for decompressing neural tissue, correcting spinal column malalignment, or stabilizing vertebral motion segments. Minimally invasive techniques reduce the necessary soft tissue retraction and surgical dissection with the goal of reducing postoperative pain and expediting recovery. However, the limited access afforded by these approaches can be challenging for complex and revision procedures, and the surgeon must be familiar with the specialized instrumentation and novel technologies. The decision to use minimally invasive techniques is multifactorial and is largely dependent on patient, surgeon, and hospital factors.
3
Leibing, Annette, and Silke Schicktanz, eds. Preventing Dementia? Critical Perspectives on a New Paradigm of Preparing for Old Age. Berghahn Books, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/9781789209099.
Full textAbstract:
The conceptualization of dementia has changed dramatically in recent years with the claim that, through early detection and by controlling several risk factors, a prevention of dementia is possible. Although encouraging and providing hope against this feared condition, this claim is open to scrutiny. This volume looks at how this new conceptualization ignores many of the factors which influence a dementia sufferers’ prognosis, including their history with education, food and exercise as well as their living in different epistemic cultures. The central aim is to question the concept of prevention and analyze its impact on aging people and aging societies.
4
Giaccone, Giuseppe, ed. FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY: EDITOR’S PICK 2021. Frontiers Media SA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88974-829-7.
Full textAbstract:
We are pleased to introduce the 2021 Frontiers in Oncology: Editor’s Pick collection, showcasing articles stimulating interest in the field, carefully selected by our Field Chief Editor, Prof. Giuseppe Giaccone, of Weill Cornell Medicine. With this ebook we aim to highlight and disseminate important findings across the domains of cancer research, capturing the multidisciplinary and inclusive approach our journal takes towards advancing the field of oncology and supporting the global effort towards improved quality of life and patient survival. 2021 was a year which saw our highest journal impact factor yet, international community growth, and a record-breaking number of articles to choose from. We wish to elevate the contributions made by authors, encourage readership and innovation through our open-access philosophies, and thank our Editorial Board for their continued hard work and collaboration.
5
Editorial Office, Frontiers in Chemistry, ed. Frontiers in Chemistry: Editor's Pick 2022. Frontiers Media SA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88976-480-8.
Full textAbstract:
We are pleased to introduce the 2022 Frontiers in Chemistry: Editor’s Pick collection, showcasing articles stimulating interest in the field, carefully selected in collaboration with our Field Chief Editor, Prof. Steven Suib, of University of Connecticut. With this ebook we aim to highlight and disseminate important findings across the domains of chemistry research, capturing the multidisciplinary and inclusive approach our journal takes towards advancing the field of chemistry and supporting new technological breakthroughs that help humanity live healthier lives on a healthy planet. 2021 was a year which saw our highest journal impact factor yet, international community growth, and a record-breaking number of articles to choose from. We wish to elevate the contributions made by authors, encourage readership and innovation through our open-access philosophies, and thank our Editorial Board for their continued hard work and collaboration.
6
Rajendram, Rajkumar. Management of acute pancreatitis in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0191.
Full textAbstract:
The major causes of morbidity and mortality in acute pancreatitis are organ dysfunction and infection of necrotic tissue. Management should aim to prevent, or to diagnose and treat, the complications of pancreatic inflammation, and any predisposing factors to avoid recurrence. Medical management is essentially supportive with oxygen, intravenous fluids, analgesia, enteral or parenteral nutrition, and correction of metabolic abnormalities. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis are unlikely to resume prompt oral intake so nutritional support is also required. Post-pyloric feeding is not required if nasogastric feeding is tolerated. However, enteral nutrition, whether oral, gastric, or post-pyloric, can cause pain, recurrence of pancreatitis or an increase in fluid collections, so parenteral nutrition may be necessary. The necrotic pancreas becomes infected in a third of patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Treatment of infection includes systemic antimicrobials, enteral nutrition, percutaneous aspiration, and necrosectomy. However, compared with open necrosectomy, a minimally invasive step-up approach consisting of percutaneous drainage followed, if necessary, by open necrosectomy, reduces morbidity and mortality. The aetiology of the pancreatitis must also be treated to prevent recurrence and the complications of pancreatic failure. Gallstones are the most common cause of pancreatitis that requires specific treatment. Endoscopic or surgical removal of stones may reduce the severity of pancreatitis. Patients should also have cholecystectomy after recovery from gallstone pancreatitis. Effective management of acute pancreatitis requires multidisciplinary engagement. The mainstay of management involves supportive prevention and treatment of complications, infection, and organ failure to avoid or delay surgery.
7
Baz, Avner. Acquiring “Knowledge”—An Alternative Model. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801887.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
The chapter argues that empirical studies of first-language acquisition lend support to the Wittgensteinian-Merleau-Pontian conception of language as against the prevailing conception that underwrites the method of cases in either its armchair or experimental version. It offers a non-representationalist model, inspired by the work of Michael Tomasello, for the acquisition of “knowledge,” with the aim of showing that we could fully account for the acquisition of this and other philosophically troublesome words without positing independently existing “items” to which these words refer. The chapter also aims at bringing out and underscoring the striking fact that, whereas many in contemporary analytic philosophy regard and present themselves as open and attentive to empirical science, they have often relied on a conception of language that has been supported by no empirical evidence.
8
Briggs, Andrew, Hans Halvorson, and Andrew Steane. It Keeps Me Seeking. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808282.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Two scientists and a philosopher aim to show how science both enriches and is enriched by Christian faith. The text is written around four themes: 1. God is a being to be known, not a hypothesis to be tested; 2. We set a high bar on what constitutes good argument; 3. Uncertainty is OK; 4. We are allowed to open up the window that the natural world offers us. This is not a work of apologetics. Rather, the text takes an overview of various themes and gives reactions and responses, intended to place science correctly as a valued component of the life of faith. The difference between philosophical analysis and theological reflection is expounded. Questions of human identity are addressed from philosophy, computer science, quantum physics, evolutionary biology and theological reflection. Contemporary physics reveals the subtle and open nature of physical existence, and offers lessons in how to learn and how to live with incomplete knowledge. The nature and role of miracles is considered. The ‘argument from design’ is critiqued, especially arguments from fine-tuning. Logical derivation from impersonal facts is not an appropriate route to a relationship of mutual trust. Mainstream evolutionary biology is assessed to be a valuable component of our understanding, but no exploratory process can itself fully account for the nature of what is discovered. To engage deeply in science is to seek truth and to seek a better future; it is also an activity of appreciation, as one may appreciate a work of art.
9
Infanti, Anthony C. Tax and Time. NYU Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479800346.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
In daily life and in tax law, time is taken for granted as something that is ever present but beyond our control. Time moves endlessly and relentlessly forward, constantly slipping from our grasp. But what if life were more like science fiction? What if we could, at will, move through time to alter its course? Or what if we could harness time by turning it into an exchangeable commodity, truly using time as money? In fact, there is no need to open a novel or watch a film to experience time travel or to see time used as a medium of exchange. As Tax Time demonstrates through accessible explanation and analysis of examples drawn from the United States and other countries, we need look no further than our tax laws to see time manipulated in these—and many other—ways. But Tax Time does more than just complicate and overturn prevailing views of how time operates in and through tax law. In asserting that time in tax law is the product of pure imagination, Tax Time calls into question the world beyond time that we have created for ourselves. Has the tax imagination been used to work toward a more just world, or merely to entrench and exacerbate existing injustices? Finding that the tax imagination is too often used to perpetrate or perpetuate injustice, Tax Time calls for a systematic reexamination and reworking of the relationship between time and tax law with the aim of using the power of the tax imagination as a tool for moving society toward a better and more just future.
10
Sielepin, Adelajda. Ku nowemu życiu : teologia i znaczenie chrześcijańskiej inicjacji dla życia wiarą. Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15633/9788374388047.
Full textAbstract:
TOWARDS THE NEW LIFE Theology and Importance of Christian Initiation for the Life of Faith The book is in equal parts a presentation and an invitation. The subject matter of both is the mystagogical initiation leading to the personal encounter with God and eventually to the union within the Church in Christ, which happens initially and particualry in the sacramental liturgy. Mystagogy was the essential experience of life in the early Church and now is being so intensely discussed and postulated by the ecclesial Magisterium and through the teaching of the recent popes and synods. Within the ten chapters of this book the reader proceeds through the aspects strictly associated with Christian initiation, noticeable in catechumenate and suggestive for further Christian life. It is not surprising then, that the study begins with answering the question about the sense of dealing with catechumenate at all. The response developed in the first chapter covers four key points: the contemporary state of our faith, the need for dialogue in evangelization, the importance of liturgy in the renewal of faith and the obvious requirement of follo- wing the Church’s Magisterium, quite explicit in the subject undertaken within this book. The introductory chapter is meant to evoke interest in catechumenate as such and encourage comprehension of its essence, in order to keep it in mind while planning contemporary evangelization. For doing this with success and avoiding pastoral archeology, we need a competent insight into the main message and goal of Christian initiation. Catechumenate is the first and most venerable model of formation and growth in faith and therefore worth knowing. The second chapter tries to cope with the reasons and ways of the present return to the sources of catechumenate with respect to Christian initiation understood to be the building of the relationship with God. The example of catechumenate helps us to discover, how to learn wisely from the history. This would definitely mean to keep the structure and liturgy of catechumenate as a vehicle of God’s message, which must be interpreted and adapted always anew and with careful and intelligent consideration of the historical flavour on particular stages within the history of salvation and cultural conditions of the recipients. For that reason we refer to the Biblical resources and to the historical examples of catechumenate including its flourishing and declining periods, after which we are slowly approaching the present reinterpretation of the catechumenal process enhanced by the official teaching of the Church. As the result of the latter, particularly owing to the Vatican Council II, we are now dealing with the renewed liturgy of baptism displayed in two liturgical books: The Rite of Baptism for Children and the Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults (RCIA). This version for adults is the subjectmatter of the whole chapter, in which a reader can find theological analyses of the particular rites as well as numerous indications for improving one’s life with Christ in the Church. You can find interesting associations among the rites of initiation themselves and astounding coherence between those rites and the sacraments of the Eucharist, penance and other sacraments, which simply means the ordinary life of faith. Deep and convincing theology of the process of initiation proves the inspiring spiritual power of the initial and constitutive sacraments of baptism and confirmation, which may seem attractive not only for catechumens but also for the faithful baptized in their infancy, and even more, since they might have not yet had a chance to see what a plausible treasure they have been conveying in their baptismal personality. How much challenge for further and constant realization in life may offer these introductory events of Christian initiation, yet not sufficiently appreciated by those who have already been baptized and confirmed! We all should submit to permanent re-evangelization according to this primary pattern, which always remains essential and fundamental. Very typical and very post-conciliar approach to Christian formation appears in the communal dimension, which guards and guarantees the ecclesial profile of initiation and prepares a person to be a living member of the Church. The sixth chapter of the book is dealing with ecclesial issues in liturgy. They refer to comprehending the word of God, especially in the context of liturgy, which brings about a peculiar theological sense to it and giving a special character to proclaiming the Gospel, which the Pope Francis calls “liturgical proclamation”. The ecclesial premises influence the responsibility for the fact of accompanying the candidates, who aim at becoming Christ’s disciples. As the Church is teaching also in the theological and pastoral introduction to the RCIA, this is the duty of all Christians, which means: priests, religious and the lay, because the Church is one organism in whose womb the new members are conceived and raised. As this fact is strongly claimed by the Church the method of initiation arises to great importance. The seventh chapter is dedicated to the analysis of the catechumenal method stemming from Christ’s pedagogy and His mystery of Incarnation introducing a very important issue of implementing the Divine into the human. The chapter concerning this method opens a more practical part of the book. The crucial message of it is to make mystagogy a natural and obvious method which is the way of building bonds with Christ in the community of the people who already have these bonds and who are eager to tighten them and are aware of the beauty and necessity of closeness with Christ. Christian initiation is the process of entering the Kingdom of God and meeting Christ up to the union with Him – not so much learning dogmas and moral requirements. This is a special time when candidates-catechumens-elected mature in love and in their attitude to Christ and people, which results in prayer and new way of life. As in the past catechumenate nowadays inspires the faithful in their imagination of love and mercy as well as reminds us about various important details of the paschal way of life, which constitute our baptismal vocation, but may be forgotten and now with the help of catechumenate can be recognized anew, while accompanying adults on their catechumenal way. The book is meant for those who are already involved in catechumenal process and are responsible for the rites and formation as well as for those who are interested in what the Church is offering to all who consciously decide to know and follow Christ. You can learn from this book, what is the nature and specificity of the method suggested by the Rite itself for guiding people to God the Saviour and to the community of His people. The aim of the study is to present the universal way of evangelization, which was suggested and revealed by God in His pedagogy, particularly through Jesus Christ and smoothly adopted by the early Church. This way, which can be called a method, is so complete, substantial and clear that it deserves rediscovery, description and promotion, which has already started in the Church’s teaching by making direct references to such categories as: initiation, catechumenate, liturgical formation, the rereading the Mystery of Christ, the living participation in the Mystery and faith nourished by the Mystery. The most engaging point with Christian initiation is the fact, that this seems to be the most effective way of reviving the parish, taking place on the solid and safe ground of liturgy with the most convincing and objective fact that is our baptism and our new identity born in baptismal regenerating bath. On the grounds of our personal relationship with God and our Christian vocation we can become active apostles of Christ. Evangelization begins with ourselves and in our hearts. Thinking about the Church’s mission, we should have in mind our personal mission within the Church and we should refer to it’s roots – first to our immersion into Christ’s death and resurrection and to the anointment with the Holy Spirit. In this Spirit we have all been sent to follow Christ wherever He goes, not necessarily where we would like to direct our steps, but He would. Let us cling to Him and follow Him! Together with the constantly transforming and growing Church! Towards the new life!
Book chapters on the topic "Open air factor"
1
Heagle, A. S., L. W. Kress, P. J. Temple, R. J. Kohut, J. E. Miller, and H. E. Heggestad. "Factors Influencing Ozone Dose—Yield Response Relationships in Open-top Field Chamber Studies." In Assessment of Crop Loss From Air Pollutants, 141–79. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1367-7_8.
Full text
2
Winnicka-Jasłowska, Dorota, Joanna Tymkiewicz, and Klaudiusz Fross. "Open-Air Work Zones for Students at the Faculty of Architecture Depicted on the Basis of Pilot Student Projects." In Advances in Human Factors, Sustainable Urban Planning and Infrastructure, 14–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94199-8_2.
Full text
3
Makoe, Mpine. "Resilient Leadership in Time of Crisis in Distance Education Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa." In Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education, 1–15. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0351-9_30-1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAs leaders of distance education in sub-Saharan Africa were dealing with myriad challenges of high numbers of young people seeking access to higher education, lack of technologies, and inadequate expertise for online teaching, Covid-19 pandemic emerged, and, almost overnight, quick decisions had to be made to pivot to online spaces to ensure that learning occurred even in the midst of the crisis. Leaders who were flexible and adaptive to changing environment were able to respond effectively to this crisis. Hence the focus of the study is on the character of a distance education leader who is exhibiting personality traits that will enable him or her to move a distance education institution forward.The futures triangle was used to contextualize and historicize the character of a leader who has the ability to be innovative and willing to take risks in the face of crisis. The aim of this chapter is to illustrate how some historical factors have not only influenced the leadership practices in distance education, but they have molded the characters of distance education leaders. The futures triangle mapping process revealed that the legacy of colonialism, the lack of managerial skills, the slow adoption of using technologies, the growing number of people who cannot be accommodated in higher education, and, most recently, the Covid-19 pandemic were drivers of change that illustrated how leaders responded in time of crisis. Moving distance education forward requires resilient leaders who are agile and adaptable to lead in an open and technology-rich distance education environment.
4
Makoe, Mpine. "Resilient Leadership in Time of Crisis in Distance Education Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa." In Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education, 547–61. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2080-6_30.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAs leaders of distance education in sub-Saharan Africa were dealing with myriad challenges of high numbers of young people seeking access to higher education, lack of technologies, and inadequate expertise for online teaching, Covid-19 pandemic emerged, and, almost overnight, quick decisions had to be made to pivot to online spaces to ensure that learning occurred even in the midst of the crisis. Leaders who were flexible and adaptive to changing environment were able to respond effectively to this crisis. Hence the focus of the study is on the character of a distance education leader who is exhibiting personality traits that will enable him or her to move a distance education institution forward.The futures triangle was used to contextualize and historicize the character of a leader who has the ability to be innovative and willing to take risks in the face of crisis. The aim of this chapter is to illustrate how some historical factors have not only influenced the leadership practices in distance education, but they have molded the characters of distance education leaders. The futures triangle mapping process revealed that the legacy of colonialism, the lack of managerial skills, the slow adoption of using technologies, the growing number of people who cannot be accommodated in higher education, and, most recently, the Covid-19 pandemic were drivers of change that illustrated how leaders responded in time of crisis. Moving distance education forward requires resilient leaders who are agile and adaptable to lead in an open and technology-rich distance education environment.
5
Ledoux, Lysianna, Gilles Berillon, Nathalie Fourment, and Jacques Jaubert. "Reproduce to Understand: Experimental Approach Based on Footprints in Cussac Cave (Southwestern France)." In Reading Prehistoric Human Tracks, 67–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60406-6_4.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe morphology of a track depends on many factors that must be considered when interpreting it. An experimental approach is often required to understand the influence of each of these factors, both at the time of the track formation and after its formation. These aspects, which are fairly well documented for tracks found in open-air settings, are much more limited for those found in karst settings. Although caves are stable environments enabling the preservation of archaeological remains, many taphonomical processes can alter the grounds and the walls. Based on the observations made on footprints found in Cussac Cave (Dordogne region of southwestern France), this study focuses on one of these natural phenomena and tests the impact of flooding episodes and the resulting clay deposits on the track’s morphology and topography. Our experiments show that although the general morphology of footprints and some details such as digits are preserved, their topography is altered by successive flooding episodes and clay deposits. The loss of definition of the footprints due to flooding episodes can also lead to misinterpretation. This work sheds new light on the Cussac footprints, while the further development of such experiments will allow us to improve our results and apply them to other settings and sites.
6
Salim, Sherna, and Amin Al-Habaibeh. "How Often Do You Open Your House Windows When Heating is ON? An Investigation of the Impact of Occupants’ Behaviour on Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 233–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63916-7_29.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractCurrently, there are many initiatives to thermally insulate buildings on the assumption that the more insulated the building is, the more efficient in terms of energy conservation it will perform. Many assessment systems assume a linear relationship between building insulation and energy conservation. The drawback of such hypotheses is that they ignore the effect of occupants’ behaviour in their conclusions. In this study, the authors will examine the effect of people’s behaviour, particularly windows’ opening, as a behavioural pattern of occupants. It aims to study the impact of occupant’s behaviour on energy consumption of residential buildings and to identify the key factors that influence occupants’ behaviour; thus, providing ideas for improving energy efficiency by suggesting enhanced policies, approaches and techniques. The findings suggest that occupants’ behaviour could have a greater influence on the energy efficiency of buildings in some cases when compared with their thermal insulation due to opening of windows in cold weather which causes air infiltration.
7
Gueorguiev, David, Bernard Javot, Adam Spiers, and Katherine J. Kuchenbecker. "Larger Skin-Surface Contact Through a Fingertip Wearable Improves Roughness Perception." In Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications, 171–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06249-0_20.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractWith the aim of creating wearable haptic interfaces that allow the performance of everyday tasks, we explore how differently designed fingertip wearables change the sensory threshold for tactile roughness perception. Study participants performed the same two-alternative forced-choice roughness task with a bare finger and wearing three flexible fingertip covers: two with a square opening (64 and 36 mm$$^2$$ 2 , respectively) and the third with no opening. The results showed that adding the large opening improved the 75% JND by a factor of 2 times compared to the fully covered finger: the higher the skin-surface contact area, the better the roughness perception. Overall, the results show that even partial skin-surface contact through a fingertip wearable improves roughness perception, which opens design opportunities for haptic wearables that preserve natural touch.
8
Porth, Florian. "Good Practice at GASAG Group: Recommendations for the Application of Internal Crowdsourcing from a Business Perspective." In Contributions to Management Science, 139–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52881-2_8.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractDeveloping innovative and marketable products and services and maintaining innovation capacity are basic prerequisites for a company’s economic success and present implicit challenges in the adaptation to twenty-first-century needs. These success factors are put at risk by silo mentalities and by insufficiently pronounced cross-departmental knowledge transfers. The GASAG Group as a typical organizational layout of medium-sized enterprises in Germany has been and still is confronted with these challenges as well. In order to face them, the GASAG Group decided to work on company culture as well as to develop an open and innovative mindset, prompting it to join the ICU (ICU stands for ‘Internal Crowdsourcing in Enterprises’ and is a joint project funded by the Federal Ministry of Research and Education (BMBF) and the European Social Fund (ESF) for a period of 3 years, from June 2017 to May 2020, under the funding measure ‘Work in the Digitalised World’ and supervised by the project management organization Karlsruhe. The project goal was the development of an employee-friendly cross-industry reference model for Internal Crowdsourcing.). Research Project in 2017. The aim of this chapter is to describe the ICU approach from the practical, company perspective of the GASAG Group and to map out identified success factors as well as provide general recommendations for the implementation of Internal Crowdsourcing in a business environment.
9
Svatoňová, Eva. "The Dark Side of Laughter: Humour as a Tool for Othering in the Memes of Czech Far-Right Organization Angry Mothers." In Nonprofit and Civil Society Studies, 239–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98798-5_11.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractFar-right grassroot organizations were early adopters of the internet and social media and have been using it to spread their ideologies, mobilize people and network since the 1990s. With the increased usage of social media, their communication style has naturally changed. Due to the interactive nature of social media, the far-right groups started to communicate in a savvy style based on meme and DIY aesthetics. This style allows these groups to blurry the line between serious and irony (Shifman, L., Memes in Digital Culture. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2014) but also between facts and misinformation (Klein, O., The Open Journal of Sociopolitical Studies 154–179, 2020). There is a burgeoning body of literature investigating the way and for what purposes such organizations use the internet in which the researchers look particularly on memes (Klein, O., The Open Journal of Sociopolitical Studies 154–179, 2020) but also humour (Billig, M., Comic racism and violence. In S. Lockyer, & M. Pickering (Eds.), Beyond a joke. The limits of humor (pp. 25–44). New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005a; Billig, M., Laughter and ridicule. Towards a social critique of humor. London: SAGE Publications, 2005b). However, not many studies explored the link between humour and morality. The aim of this exploratory study, in which humour is viewed as a means of claims making and negotiation of political views, is to deepen the knowledge of how humour in memes produced and reproduced by far-right organizations can serve as a tool for constructing a moral order. To do so, I analysed memes used on the far-right Facebook page run by Czech organization Angry Mothers which engage in anti-Islam and anti-gender activism. Based on Michael Billig’s (2005) distinction between rebellious and disciplinary humour, I argue that the organization used rebellious humour to present themselves as an alternative to mainstream media and resistance to the alleged dictatorship of liberal elites and disciplinary humour to put minorities (both sexual and ethnic) “in their place”.
10
Cuccurullo, Corrado, Luca D’Aniello, and Maria Spano. "Thematic atlas of Italian oncological research: the analysis of public IRCCS." In Proceedings e report, 109–14. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-304-8.22.
Full textAbstract:
This paper has been developed in the frame of the research project “V:ALERE 2019” focused on Italian public-owned Academic Medical Centers. The main aim of the project is to provide evidence, advice, and remarks to help the agents of the public health system to address the many challenges that they face. In recent years, there is an increasing recognition of the potential value of research evidence as one of the many factors considered by policymakers and practitioners. Even more, in the case of medical science, the analysis of research and its impact is indispensable, in light of its implications for public health. The starting point for mapping a research area is to review the related scientific literature because by synthesizing past research findings, it is possible to effectively use the existing knowledge base and advance lines of future researches. In this sense, bibliometrics becomes useful, by providing a structured analysis to a large body of information, to infer trends over time, themes researched, and to show the “big picture” of extant research. In particular, in this work, we focus our attention on the scientific production of the last 20 years of the Scientific Institutes for Research, Hospitalization, and Healthcare (IRCCS “Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico”) specialized in the oncology research. IRCCS are biomedical institutions of relevant national interest that drive clinical assistance in strong relation to research activities. They are committed to being a benchmark for the whole public health system for both the quality of patient care and the innovation skills in the field of the organization. All the analyses were carried out by using the Bibliometrix, an open-source tool for quantitative research in scientometrics and bibliometrics that includes all the main bibliometric methods of analysis.
Conference papers on the topic "Open air factor"
1
Dukhan, Nihad, and Angel Alvarez. "Pressure Drop Measurements for Air Flow Through Open-Cell Aluminum Foam." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60428.
Full textAbstract:
Wind-tunnel pressure drop measurements for airflow through two samples of forty-pore-per-inch commercially available open-cell aluminum foam were undertaken. Each sample’s cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow direction measured 10.16 cm by 24.13 cm. The thickness in the flow direction was 10.16 cm for one sample and 5.08 cm for the other. The flow rate ranged from 0.016 to 0.101 m3/s for the thick sample and from 0.025 to 0.134 m3/s for the other. The data were all in the fully turbulent regime. The pressure drop for both samples increased with increasing flow rate and followed a quadratic behavior. The permeability and the inertia coefficient showed some scatter with average values of 4.6 × 10−8 m2 and 2.9 × 10−8 m2, and 0.086 and 0.066 for the thick and the thin samples, respectively. The friction factor decayed with the Reynolds number and was weakly dependent on the Reynolds number for Reynolds number greater than 35.
2
Uhm, Jong Ho, and Sumanta Acharya. "Open Loop Control of Combustion Instability With a High-Momentum Air-Jet." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53989.
Full textAbstract:
A new strategy for open-loop control of combustion oscillations using a high-momentum air-jet modulated at low frequencies is presented in this paper. The oscillations in the swirl-stabilized spray combustor of interest are dominated by an acoustic mode (235 Hz) with a low frequency (13 Hz) bulkmode (of the upstream cavity) oscillation superimposed. The most effective strategy for control is shown to be achieved through the use of a new concept which utilizes a high-momentum air-jet injected directly into the region of flame dynamics. It is shown that with a low frequency modulation (15 Hz) of the high momentum air-jet, the pressure oscillations can be reduced significantly (by a factor of nearly 10). Square wave modulation is shown to be considerably more effective than sine-wave modulation. These results are extremely promising since high bandwidth actuation is not required for effective control.
3
Tuncer, Onur, Sumanta Acharya, Jeff Cohen, and Andrzej Banaszuk. "Side Air-Jet Modulation for Control of Heat Release and Pattern Factor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38853.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of a forced dilution air jet introduced through the combustor shell, on the air-fuel mixing in the combustion chamber has been investigated. Thermocouple based temperature measurements have been made at a number of forcing frequencies in the range of 100–1100Hz and blowing ratios in the range of 10–15. The open-loop integral flame response to forcing has also been acquired by recording pressure and heat release spectra. A CH-radical imaging technique is used to provide spatially- and temporally-resolved information about the heat release behavior. The results exhibit that the mean temperature field inside the main reaction zone can significantly be altered as a consequence of air jet modulation. The most significant effects are observed by forcing at vertical locations that are close to the dump plane. Enhancements in temperature of the order of 100–200 degrees C, and reduction in pattern factor of the order of 10% (e.g., from 1.13 to 1.03) were observed, with the lowest pattern factors achieved at the lowest forcing frequency of 100 Hz.
4
Palmer, Carl A., Royce L. Abel, and Peter Sandvik. "Application of Silicon Carbide Photodiode Flame Temperature Sensors in an Active Combustion Pattern Factor Control System." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59023.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes the development and initial application studies for an active combustion pattern factor controller (APFC) for gas turbines. The system is based around use of a novel silicon carbide (SiC) optical ultraviolet (UV) dual diode flame temperature sensor (FTS) developed by General Electric’s Global Research Center and GE Energy. The APFC system determines combustion flame temperatures, validates the values, and integrates an assessment of signal and combustion hardware health to determine how to trim the fuel flow to individual fuel nozzles. Key aspects of the system include: • Determination of each flame’s bulk temperature using the FTS. • Assessment of the reliability of the flame temperature data and physical combustion hardware health through analysis of the high frequency output of the sensor. • Validation of the flame temperature signal using a data-driven approach (model based validation - MBV). • Fusion of sensor ‘health indices’ into the APFC to alter the trim control signal based on the health (or ‘believability’) of each sensor and fuel nozzle/combustor. • Fault-tolerant peak/valley detection and control module that selects individual fuel valves to target for reducing pattern factor, while simultaneously balancing the overall fuel flow. The authors demonstrated feasibility of the approach by performing simulations using a quasi-2D T700 turbine engine model. Tests were run on the simulated platform with no faults, simulated sensor faults, and on a system with underlying combustion hardware issues. The final APFC system would be applicable for aviation, naval and land-based commercial gas turbines, and can be used in closed-loop control or adapted as an open-loop advisory / diagnostic system.
5
Fontaine, Michael D., and P. E. Peter Walsh. "DC arc flash calculations — Arc-in-open-air & arc-in-a-box — Using a simplified approach (Multiplication factor method)." In 2012 IEEE IAS Electrical Safety Workshop (ESW). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esw.2012.6165544.
Full text
6
Shah, Jimil M., Chinmay Bhatt, Pranavi Rachamreddy, Ravya Dandamudi, Satyam Saini, and Dereje Agonafer. "Computational Form Factor Study of a 3rd Generation Open Compute Server for Single-Phase Immersion Cooling." In ASME 2019 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2019-6602.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Networking and computing dependency has been increasing in the modern world, thus, boosting the growth of data centers in leading business domains like banking, education, transportation, social media etc. Data center is a facility that incorporates an organization’s IT operations and equipment, as well as where it stores, processes and manages the data. To fulfill the increasing demands of data storage and data processing, a corresponding increase in server performance is needed. This causes a subsequent increment in power consumption and heat generation in the servers due to high performance processing units. Currently, air cooling is the most widely used thermal management technique in data centers, but it has started to reach its limitations in cooling high packaging densities. Therefore, industries are looking for single-phase immersion cooling using various dielectric fluids to reduce the operational and cooling costs by enhancing the thermal management of servers. This research work aims at increasing the rack density by reducing the form factor of a 3rd Generation Open Compute Server using single-phase immersion cooling. A computational study is conducted in the operational range of temperatures and the thermal efficiency is optimized. A parametric study is conducted by changing the inlet velocities and inlet temperatures of cooling liquid for different heights of the open compute 3rd generation server. A comparative study is then carried out for white mineral oil and synthetic fluid (EC100).
7
Nishida, Tomoya, and Takuji Waseda. "The Impact of Winter Northwest Monsoon on Gust Factor." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10815.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines temporal variation of ocean wind gust factor and turbulence intensity in the Northwest Pacific. Observation data at coastal and open oceans near Japan are analyzed to investigate the relationship between gust factor and turbulence intensity, and the seasonal variation of probability distribution of gust factor. The contrast of the winter monsoon cold air and relatively warmer sea surface temperature is the trigger for growth of the marine boundary layer. Downdraft by developed convection enhances sea surface gustiness. The relative significance of sensible heat flux to momentum flux is considered to be the cause of higher gust factor in winter. In view of deploying offshore wind turbines around Japan, the result of this study may be more relevant on the Sea of Japan side because the winter monsoon influence there is stronger than that on the Pacific side.
8
Şen, Emine, and Touraj Ashrafian. "An Investigation on Natural Window Ventilation: Improving Indoor Air Quality and Energy Efficiency in an Office Building." In 4th International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism – Full book proceedings of ICCAUA2020, 20-21 May 2021. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/iccaua2021317n19.
Full textAbstract:
With the increment in time spent indoors, the contingence between building occupants and indoor air pollution has been lengthened. Accordingly, indoor air quality became a significant factor since the poor conditions can influence the occupants’ health and efficiency. Indoor air quality is mainly concerned with physical and thermophysical factors in conditioned environments and is related to occupants’ satisfaction levels on a variety of variables such as fresh air adequacy, air temperature, odor, humidity, and air velocity. This paper aims to investigate natural ventilation occupant-control methods to improve indoor air quality and increase building energy efficiency considering clean air intake levels and indoor air temperature levels. For this, variables related to climatic conditions, ventilation systems, and occupant’s control on window opening were investigated to provide healthy and liveable conditions. To comply with these goals, in an open-plan office building, the levels of indoor air quality were determined with the help of DesignBuilder simulation by comparing obtained values under different case modeling variations.
9
Chiesa, Paolo, and Ennio Macchi. "A Thermodynamic Analysis of Different Options to Break 60% Electric Efficiency in Combined Cycle Power Plants." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30663.
Full textAbstract:
All major manufacturers of large size gas turbines are developing new techniques aimed at achieving net electric efficiency higher than 60% in combined cycle applications. An essential factor for this goal is the effective cooling of the hottest rows of the gas turbine. The present work investigates three different approaches to this problem: (i) the most conventional open-loop air cooling; (ii) the closed-loop steam cooling for vanes and rotor blades; (iii) the use of two independent closed-loop circuits: steam for stator vanes and air for rotor blades. Reference is made uniquely to large size, single shaft units and performance is estimated through an updated release of the thermodynamic code GS, developed at the Energy Dept. of Politecnico di Milano. A detailed presentation of the calculation method is given in the paper. Although many aspects (such as reliability, capital cost, environmental issues) which can affect gas turbine design were neglected, thermodynamic analysis showed that efficiency higher than 61% can be achieved in the frame of current, available technology.
10
Pussoli, Bruno F., Jader R. Barbosa, Luciana W. da Silva, and Massoud Kaviany. "Air-Side Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Characteristics of Peripheral Fin Heat Exchangers." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-23037.
Full textAbstract:
We present an experimental evaluation of the peripheral finned-tube heat exchanger. In this novel compact evaporator geometry, the air-side is composed by an arrangement of open-pore cells formed by radial fins whose bases are attached to the tubes and whose tips are connected to peripheral fins. Each fin arrangement is made up of six radial fins and six peripheral fins forming a hexagon-like structure. The air-side fin configuration is composed of three levels of fin arrangement, each characterized by the length of radial fin and mounted with a 30° offset from its neighboring level. Experimental data on the air-side heat transfer and pressure drop were generated in an open-loop wind tunnel calorimeter. A one-dimensional theoretical model based on the theory of porous media has also been developed to predict the thermal-hydraulic behavior of the heat exchanger. The model incorporates the actual fin geometry into the calculation of the air-side porosity. The air-side permeability is calculated according to the Kozeny-Carman model with the particle diameter definition due to Whitaker and the friction factor correlation due to Ergun. The model overpredicts the air-side thermal conductance by less than 15% for air flow rates higher than 14 L/s. The air-side pressure drop is underpredicted by the model, but still within the limits encountered in the literature. The analysis is complemented with an entropy generation minimization analysis in order to demonstrate the procedure for obtaining an optimized configuration of the heat exchanger.
Reports on the topic "Open air factor"
1
Heston, Roxanne. Mapping U.S. Multinationals’ Global AI R&D Activity. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20190008.
Full textAbstract:
Many factors influence where U.S. tech multinational corporations decide to conduct their global artificial intelligence research and development (R&D). Company AI labs are spread all over the world, especially in North America, Europe and Asia. But in contrast to AI labs, most company AI staff remain concentrated in the United States. Roxanne Heston and Remco Zwetsloot explain where these companies conduct AI R&D, why they select particular locations, and how they establish their presence there. The report is accompanied by a new open-source dataset of more than 60 AI R&D labs run by these companies worldwide.
2
Conrady, Morgan, Markus Bauer, Kyoo Jo, Donald Cropek, and Ryan Busby. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for determination of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol in volatile emissions from soil disturbance. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42289.
Full textAbstract:
A method is described here for the concentration and determination of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) from the gaseous phase, with translation to field collection and quantification from soil disturbances in situ. The method is based on the use of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers for adsorption of volatile chemicals from the vapor phase, followed by desorption into a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) for analysis. The use of a SPME fiber allows simple introduction to the GC-MS without further sample preparation. Several fiber sorbent types were studied and the 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS was the best performer to maximize the detected peak areas of both analytes combined. Factors such as extraction temperature and time along with desorption temperature and time were explored with respect to analyte recovery. An extraction temperature of 30 ◦C for 10 min, with a desorption temperature of 230 ◦C for 4 min was best for the simultaneous analysis of both geosmin and 2-MIB without complete loss of either one. The developed method was used successfully to measure geosmin and 2-MIB emission from just above disturbed and undisturbed soils, indicating that this method detects both compounds readily from atmospheric samples. Both geosmin and 2-MIB were present as background concentrations in the open air, while disturbed soils emitted much higher concentrations of both compounds. Surprisingly, 2-MIB was always detected at higher concentrations than geosmin, indicating that a focus on its detection may be more useful for soil emission monitoring and more sensitive to low levels of soil disturbance.
3
ADAS, RSK. Nitrate Surveillance Monitoring Program (Annual Report May 2021 - March 2022). Food Standards Agency, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.uau489.
Full textAbstract:
Every Member State is required to monitor and report levels of nitrate in specified foodstuffs as part of the European Commission regulation and the UK also requires this information as part of the collection of data to support the review of retained EU law in the UK and inform the setting of policy around maximum nitrate levels. The requirement to carry out monitoring for nitrate in lettuce, spinach and rocket is being met by the UK Nitrate Surveillance Programme. Results are presented for the period between 1st April 2021 and 31st March 2022. A total of 202 samples were collected within the sampling period, comprising of 130 lettuce, 9 rocket, 26 spinach samples. A further 37 samples categorised at “Other Green Leafy Vegetables”, which comprised of samples including mustard, mizuna, celery, Pak Choi and cabbage. The lowest average nitrate concentration was recorded in summer-grown iceberg lettuce (935.2 mg/kg), and no iceberg samples exceeded the maximum nitrate concentration. The highest average nitrate concentration was seen in winter grown non-iceberg lettuce grown under protection within the lettuce group (3242.2 mg/kg), and in winter-grown rocket overall (4271.2 mg/kg). The number of samples exceeding the maximum threshold increased this year to 7 samples – 2 samples of open-air non-iceberg lettuce sampled in the summer, 1 sample of protected non-iceberg lettuce in the summer, and 3 samples of spinach. A further 4 samples were within 10% of the maximum threshold. Consistent with previous years of this project, a strong correlation was found between nitrate concentration and sampling date, with samples collected later in the season showing greater concentrations, indicating potential interactions between nitrate accumulation and climate – particularly light levels and available soil moisture and the accumulation of nitrate in the soil through subsequent fertiliser applications with successive planting. Furthermore, there was significant interaction between nitrate accumulation, product type and cultivation type, which could be further explored to better identify risk factors associated with nitrate accumulation in leafy vegetables grown in the UK.
4
Dopfer, Jaqui. Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung bei diskursiven Konfliktlösungsverfahren auf regionaler Ebene. Potentielle Ansätze zur Nutzung von Risikokommunikation im Rahmen von e-Government. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.3933795605.
Full textAbstract:
Whereas at the end of the 20th century there were still high expectations associated with the use of new media in terms of a democratisation of social discourse and new potential for citizens to participate in political decision-making, disillusionment is now spreading. Even today, the internet is often seen only as a technical tool for the transmission of information and communication, which serves as a structural supplement to "real" discourse and decision-making processes. In fact, however, the use of new media can open up additional, previously non-existent possibilities for well-founded and substantial citizen participation, especially at regional and supra-regional level. According to the results of this study, the informal, mediative procedures for conflict resolution in the context of high-risk planning decisions, which are now also increasingly used at the regional level, have two main problem areas. Firstly, in the conception and design chosen so far, they do not offer citizens direct access to the procedure. Citizens are given almost no opportunities to exert substantial influence on the content and procedure of the process, or on the solutions found in the process. So far, this has not been remedied by the use of new media. On the other hand, it is becoming apparent that the results negotiated in the procedure are not, or only inadequately, reflected in the subsequent sovereign decision. This means that not only valuable resources for identifying the problem situation and for integrative problem-solving remain unused, but it is also not possible to realise the effects anticipated with the participation procedures within the framework of context or reflexive self-management. With the aim of advancing the development of institutionally oriented approaches at the practice level, this study discusses potential solutions at the procedural level. This takes into account legal implications as well as the action logics, motives and intentions of the actors involved and aims to improve e-government structures. It becomes evident that opening up informal participation procedures for citizen participation at the regional level can only be realised through the (targeted) use of new media. However, this requires a fundamentally new approach not only in the participation procedures carried out but also, for example, in the conception of information or communication offerings. Opportunities for improving the use of the results obtained from the informal procedures in the (sovereign) decision-making process as well as the development of potentials in the sense of stronger self-control of social subsystems are identified in a stronger interlinking of informal and sovereign procedures. The prerequisite for this is not only the establishment of suitable structures, but above all the willingness of decision-makers to allow citizens to participate in decision-making, as well as the granting of participation opportunities and rights that go beyond those previously granted in sovereign procedures.