Journal articles on the topic 'Open agglomerations'
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1
Priyashani, Nelunika, Nayomi Kankanamge, and Tan Yigitcanlar. "Multisource Open Geospatial Big Data Fusion: Application of the Method to Demarcate Urban Agglomeration Footprints." Land 12, no. 2 (February 2, 2023): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12020407.
Abstract:
Urban agglomeration is a continuous urban spread and generally comprises a main city at the core and its adjoining growth areas. These agglomerations are studied using different concepts, theories, models, criteria, indices, and approaches, where population distribution and its associated characteristics are mainly used as the main parameters. Given the difficulties in accurately demarcating these agglomerations, novel methods and approaches have emerged in recent years. The use of geospatial big data sources to demarcate urban agglomeration is one of them. This promising method, however, has not yet been studied widely and hence remains an understudied area of research. This study explores using a multisource open geospatial big data fusion approach to demarcate urban agglomeration footprint. The paper uses the Southern Coastal Belt of Sri Lanka as the testbed to demonstrate the capabilities of this novel approach. The methodological approach considers both the urban form and functions related to the parameters of cities in defining urban agglomeration footprint. It employs near-real-time data in defining the urban function-related parameters. The results disclosed that employing urban form and function-related parameters delivers more accurate demarcation outcomes than single parameter use. Hence, the utilization of a multisource geospatial big data fusion approach for the demarcation of urban agglomeration footprint informs urban authorities in developing appropriate policies for managing urban growth.
2
Melnikova, Elena, Natalia Kazanova, and Andrey Shtyrov. "Dynamics of Students Migration Intentions As a Response to the Development of Volgograd Agglomeration." Logos et Praxis, no. 3 (December 2021): 130–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.13.
Abstract:
The development of urban agglomerations is one of the leading modern urbanistic trends. In Russia this trend has a number of features: the "pumping" of resources, including human resources, between the agglomerations, and the rapid growth of a few agglomerations due to the degradation of the rest. Among them is the Volgograd agglomeration, which once claimed the role of the industrial, logistic and intellectual center of the South of Russia. In the context of considering this problem, the authors investigated the migration intentions of the most mobile part of the population, the student youth. The authors systematized scientific publications on the topic of research and carried out a comparative analysis of statistics from open sources and official statistics. These data were compared with the results of the monitoring of students opinions carried out by the authors in the period from 2012 to 2019. A total of 1 312 people were interviewed. The average age of respondents is 22–24 years. Analysis of students responses to the questionnaire showed that a significant part of the students would like to leave Volgograd. The volume of such answers in questionnaires grows year by year. Monitoring data revealed trends in the migration intentions of young people. According to the results of the poll, the main reasons for the intention of respondents to leave the Volgograd agglomeration are: the depressed state of the agglomeration economy and dissatisfaction with the quality of life. Comparison of the picture of students migration sentiments with Rosstat data on migration in Volgograd shows that the declared intentions of students coincide with reality. Young people from country areas of the region mainly come to Volgograd, and from the regional center they leave for other regions. The pace of development of the Volgograd agglomeration, low in comparison with other large agglomerations, leaves Volgograd little chance of improving the demographic situation in the coming years. The problem is so acute that it requires specific urgent actions and fundamental changes in the management systems of the city and urban agglomerations. The main goal of these actions should be to equalize the quality of life in the regions while adhering to the principle of diversifying regional development, taking into account the unique economic, cultural, and geographical characteristics of each agglomeration.
3
Tamoschus, David. "Geographies of Open Source Biotechnology Innovation." International Journal of Knowledge-Based Organizations 2, no. 2 (April 2012): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkbo.2012040102.
Abstract:
Virtual communication forms play an increasingly important role for innovation and knowledge creation to individuals and to public and private organizations such as research centers, universities, and firms. Whereas biotech R&D cooperation was characteristically organized in a highly specialized cluster based largely on local face-to-face communications and strategic temporary linkages to other agglomerations, this archetypal configuration may undergo changes due to the emerging applicability of open innovation models such as ‘open source biotechnology’ or the advanced integration of physicians and patients into therapy development processes. An in-depth case study of an ‘Open Source Pharma’ network portrays how innovation and knowledge integration mechanisms are put into practice through ´permanence` in virtual space. In this newly created environment a number of geographical patterns are inverted: ´local buzz` turns into ´virtual global buzz`; global pipelines transform to local pipelines. However, institutionalized norms of the virtual network illustrate noteworthy similarities with ´localized capabilities` of regional agglomerations.
4
Shishkov, Evgeny, Valery Goldstein, and Ivan Krivihin. "Open Overhead Transmission Lines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 792 (September 2015): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.792.293.
Abstract:
Ultra High-Voltage Overhead Lines (UHV OHL) currently are successfully applied for solving two problems. The first case is powerful interconnection of two or more electric power systems. The second one is transition of significant power flows from generation areas to consuming areas – densely populated urban agglomerations and industrial centers. Longitudinal compensation installations are integral part of long-distance UHV OHL. The possibility of designing self-compensated OHL is considered in the paper.
5
Day, Jennifer, Yiqun Chen, Peter Ellis, and Mark Roberts. "A Free, Open-Source Tool for Identifying Urban Agglomerations using Point Data." Spatial Economic Analysis 11, no. 1 (October 29, 2015): 67–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17421772.2016.1102957.
6
Day, Jennifer, Yiqun Chen, Peter Ellis, and Mark Roberts. "A free, open-source tool for identifying urban agglomerations using polygon data." Environment Systems and Decisions 37, no. 1 (January 19, 2017): 68–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10669-017-9623-z.
7
Belousova, Anna P., and Nikolay N. Nazarov. "THE DYNAMICS OF FOREST COVER IN THE LANDS OF THE PERM URBAN AGGLOMERATION (A CASE STUDY OF THE BABKINSKO-YUGOVSKOY LANDSCAPE)." Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin, no. 4(59) (2021): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2021-4-18-26.
Abstract:
In the forest zone of the European part of Russia, among the processes actively developing within most urban agglomerations, of particular importance is the process of afforestation, i.e. an increase in the area of territories with forest vegetation due to the reduction of other types of land. The Perm urban agglomeration is no exception. The replacement of part of agricultural land with forest geosystems has become a widespread process here in recent decades, as in the entire Perm region. The paper attempts to establish the scale, pace and main causes of afforestation within the agglomeration, which is done based on the example of the Babkinsko-Yugovskoy landscape, occupying the biggest part of the agglomeration. Earth remote sensing data (Landsat open satellite data) provide a large spatial and multi-temporal coverage for analyzing the landscape and obtaining qualitative data on changes in vegetation cover over several decades. Increase in the areas of restorative successions, which started in the 1990s, reached the highest values in the period from 2010 to 2020 (6,48%). This process mainly affected agricultural lands. The main natural factors of land differentiation in terms of the scale and rate of withdrawal from agricultural use are the small contours of a large part of agricultural land and difference in soil fertility.
8
Agureev, I. E., and A. V. Akhromeshin. "APPROACHES TO FORMALIZING THE CONCEPT OF TRANSPORT BEHAVIOR OF THE POPULATION OF URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS." Intelligence. Innovations. Investment, no. 2 (2021): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2021-2-60.
Abstract:
The article deals with the field of knowledge about the transport behavior of passengers in complex transport systems of megacities, large cities and their agglomerations, in which there is a great variety of transport systems. These systems form hierarchies, where each level is described by mathematical models of homogeneous transport systems and serves as a decision-making area for implementing collective transport behavior. A review of the works of foreign and domestic authors dealing with the definition of the concept of “transport behavior”, its semantic content, a new approach to the definition of transport behavior is presented. The functional description of the “transport system of individual behavior” is presented as a collective result of the decisions made on trips that occur at certain time intervals in the transport system of the agglomeration. The mathematical description of the transport system based on the theory of macrosystems is given as a multicomponent heterogeneous open system, in which there are many decisions about the trip and the corresponding set of transport processes that ensure the achievement of the efficiency criterion.
9
Vasilyeva, Maria E., Elena M. Volkova, and Alexey S. Romanov. "Intelligent transport systems in Russian megacities: the essence, structure and directions of development." Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies 9, no. 4 (December 25, 2023): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst202394117-128.
Abstract:
Aim: to develop directions and determine the stages of development of intelligent transport systems in Russian agglomerations, taking into account their essential features, the effects they generate and the existing problems.
Materials and Methods: in order to achieve the research goal, at the first stage, systematization and comparative analysis of scientific results obtained by Russian and foreign scientists on the chosen topic are used. At the second stage, the authors use the methods of summarizing and grouping the results obtained, statistical analysis. At the third stage, the generalization method is used to formulate recommendations for the development of intelligent transport systems. The information base of the study was materials from open sources, periodicals, as well as Internet resources, including analytical reports and materials from the Federal State Statistics Service.
Results: The main scientific result is to determine the directions and stages of development of intelligent transport systems in Russian agglomerations based on the tasks they solve in the field of urban passenger transport management. In addition, a list of effects generated by the development of intelligent transport systems has been defined. The problems hindering the development of intelligent transport systems in Russian agglomerations have been identified.
Conclusion: as a result of the research, the authors have formed the stages of development of intelligent transport systems, suggesting their integration with the concept of "Mobility as a service" in Russian agglomerations. The results can be used by both passenger transport companies and state executive authorities in the regions of the Russian Federation.
10
Aleschenko, Vitaly, Olga Aleschenko, Kirill Maksimovich, and Yuri Petrov. "Transport connectivity of the organic production zone at the regional level." E3S Web of Conferences 471 (2024): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202447101002.
Abstract:
The paper presents an assessment of the development prospects and transport accessibility of organic production zones in the regions of Siberia based on data from state information systems of the Russian Federation and open information systems of commercial digital aggregators. The assessment was carried out with the use of technologies and analytics of the ArcGIS 10.6 program. The Novosibirsk, Omsk, Barnaul, and Tomsk agglomerations have concentrated clusters of investment projects for the processing of agricultural products. The eastern part of the macrozone is characterized by more focal investment activity, the largest of which is the eastern agglomeration of Krasnoyarsk. Investment projects in Kuzbass and the Irkutsk region are dispersed along the main transport routes. The republics of Altai and Tyva and the northern municipalities of the Tomsk and Irkutsk regions remain on the periphery of active transport contacts. Inside the highway part of the region there are areas of low efficiency in the use of transport potential, which makes it possible to increase the investment attractiveness of individual agricultural locations based on a combination of interspecies interaction.
11
Wang, Jing, Li Li Chang, Min Hang Yuan, and Wen Yue Li. "The Urbanization Spatial-Temporal Patterns Exploration of Capital Urban Agglomerations in Three Provinces of Central China." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 5014–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.5014.
Abstract:
Following strategies of Coastal Open Go West and Reviving Northeastern Old Industrial Base the state put forward the strategy of Rising of Central China in order to promote its rapid development. Urban agglomeration in Central China is becoming academic focus with unprecedented development momentum. It applies multidisciplinary theory of human geography, regional economics, etc. and takes urban agglomeration of Hunan, Henan and Hubei provinces for example to empirical analysis. Firstly, analyzing the historical evolution, urbanization space development and patterns then comes to spatial association of urban and rural through comparison, Finally, showing the development characteristics of urban agglomeration in Central China and putting forward urbanization suggestion.
12
Zhang, Yantao, and Afshin Davarpanah. "Quantitative Estimation of Ecocultural Bearing Capacity of Urban Agglomerations in Britain." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2022 (February 17, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8091132.
Abstract:
Aiming at the imbalance of urban ecological carrying capacity, this paper proposes a method to estimate the ecological and cultural carrying capacity of British urban agglomeration. The difference method and standardization method are used for positive combination and dimensionless processing of the indicators to realize the data preprocessing of the indicators. Through questionnaire survey, consulting relevant scholars and experts, and referring to the specified values in relevant British policies, determine the ideal value of the index. The index weight is determined by the open-scoring method. According to the index weight, the ecological and cultural carrying capacity of British urban agglomeration is calculated by vector model method. Calculate the index weight according to the ideal value of the index and the ecological text. The strength of ecological culture carrying capacity is calculated by the actual value of carrying capacity. Taking London urban agglomeration as the experimental object, this paper calculates the ecological and cultural carrying capacity and analyzes the ecological and cultural carrying capacity of three subsystems. The results show that this method can effectively estimate the ecological and cultural carrying capacity of British urban agglomeration.
13
Sal'nikova, Anna, Aushra Banite, Dmitriy Plotnikov, and Aleksandr Kashtalinskiy. "Formation of Transport Hub System in Urban Agglomeration." Transport automation research 9, no. 1 (March 13, 2023): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2023-9-01-87-98.
Abstract:
The article presents a methodology for optimizing transport costs with the use of modeling in PTV Visum software package. Based on the analysis of transport problems in large urban agglomerations, a quality criterion was chosen for the assessment of passenger transport performance. An approach has been proposed to introduce transport hub systems with the purpose to minimize time spending on transfer, in particular, and on trip by public transport in a whole. This optimization method for transport spending represents an algorithm of 3 key blocks: the formation of transport model for being studied agglomeration, the placement conditions and the choice of transport hub locations. The model is formed on the base of 4-step approach, the trips distribution in a network is based on entropy approach which is considered in the second section in more details. The placement conditions go from an idea to minimize time total spending on moving, the number of hubs being introduced is limited by their construction financing.
The approach application is demonstrated on the example of northwestern urban agglomeration Sertolovo-Osinovaya Roshcha-Pargolovo which represents being actively built-up residential districts on St. Petersburg city border. The specificities of its transport network, including also hubs and highways with complicated traffic, are determined. Based on open sources and statistical data, a transport model was developed, its calibration was pursued. 3 options for placing transport hubs on network of the agglomeration are presented. As a result of the research, the analysis for the options of transport hub placements is presented and the most promising option from the view of purpose meaning achievement for hub placement in being considered agglomeration is proposed.
14
Efanov, Dmitriy, and Tat'yana Pogodina. "Building Self-Checking Digital Devices on the Basis of Modified Hamming Codes with Self-Duality Control for Being Calculated Functions." Transport automation research 9, no. 1 (March 13, 2023): 99–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2023-9-01-99-123.
Abstract:
The article presents a methodology for optimizing transport costs with the use of modeling in PTV Visum software package. Based on the analysis of transport problems in large urban agglomerations, a quality criterion was chosen for the assessment of passenger transport performance. An approach has been proposed to introduce transport hub systems with the purpose to minimize time spending on transfer, in particular, and on trip by public transport in a whole. This optimization method for transport spending represents an algorithm of 3 key blocks: the formation of transport model for being studied agglomeration, the placement conditions and the choice of transport hub locations. The model is formed on the base of 4-step approach, the trips distribution in a network is based on entropy approach which is considered in the second section in more details. The placement conditions go from an idea to minimize time total spending on moving, the number of hubs being introduced is limited by their construction financing. The approach application is demonstrated on the example of northwestern urban agglomeration Sertolovo-Osinovaya Roshcha-Pargolovo which represents being actively built-up residential districts on St. Petersburg city border. The specificities of its transport network, including also hubs and highways with complicated traffic, are determined. Based on open sources and statistical data, a transport model was developed, its calibration was pursued. 3 options for placing transport hubs on network of the agglomeration are presented. As a result of the research, the analysis for the options of transport hub placements is presented and the most promising option from the view of purpose meaning achievement for hub placement in being considered agglomeration is proposed.
15
Ma, Wenpei, and Ingrid Tomac. "Experimental investigation of proppant clustering in intersected fractures." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 11, no. 4 (March 15, 2021): 1727–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-021-01122-4.
Abstract:
AbstractThis paper investigates the dynamics of proppant agglomerations during flow and transport within fractures intersected at the angles typical for the joint of pre-existing and newly formed fractures. The study considers variations and coupling of fluid flow rates, proppant volumetric concentrations, fluid dynamic viscosities and fracture intersection angles. Proppants are widely used during hydraulic fracturing to keep fractures open and enhance reservoir permeability. This study uses plexiglas experimental slots and visual analysis for identifying particle displacements. Geo-Particle Image Velocimetry–Reliability-Guided (GeoPIV-RG) method tracks particle movements among images by comparing the reference and subsequent snapshots at the point and time of interest. Results of this study show that the proppant volumetric concentration and the fluid flow rate are closely correlated with each other for affecting proppant flow, transport, and agglomeration formation. Increasing the proppant volumetric concentration generally promotes particle agglomeration, with different extent when coupled with the fluid flow rate. Proppant volumetric concentration affects the size, shape, and distribution of particle clusters. Increasing the fluid flow rate increases the occurrence of particle agglomerates at low proppant volumetric concentration; however, this trend is absent under high proppant volumetric concentrations. Sizes and shapes of proppant agglomerates change as the fluid flow rate changes. Changes of fracture intersection angle minimally affect shape, size and distance between proppant agglomerates and clusters. Furthermore, increasing the fluid dynamic viscosity strongly promotes proppant agglomeration. Although fluid dynamic viscosity changes do not affect the shape and size of particle clusters, the distance between adjacent clusters decreases at higher fluid dynamic viscosity.
16
Schreiner, Bernard. "Le câble en déroute ?" Revue française d'administration publique 44, no. 1 (1987): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1987.1873.
Abstract:
Cable TV on the Blink ? The 1982 Plan Cable was followed by a period of confusion about the launching of cable TV in France that began in June 1986, thus discouraging the parties involved. Network commissioning delays and broadcasting restrictions caused major financial embarassment to 52 communes and agglomerations with PTT contracts. Direction Générale des Télécommunications has stepped down as sole owner to leave the field open to private enterprise, thereby repealing the principles of public service, equal access, standard charges and network coexistence. The 1982 Plan nonetheless constituted a coherent policy giving France a lead for starting up ‘added value services’ that combine telecommunications with teledistribution.
17
Lauwaet, Dirk, Bino Maiheu, Koen De Ridder, Wesley Boënne, Hans Hooyberghs, Matthias Demuzere, and Marie-Leen Verdonck. "A New Method to Assess Fine-Scale Outdoor Thermal Comfort for Urban Agglomerations." Climate 8, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8010006.
Abstract:
In urban areas, high air temperatures and heat stress levels greatly affect human thermal comfort and public health, with climate change further increasing the mortality risks. This study presents a high resolution (100 m) modelling method, including detailed offline radiation calculations, that is able to efficiently calculate outdoor heat stress for entire urban agglomerations for a time period spanning several months. A dedicated measurement campaign was set up to evaluate model performance, yielding satisfactory results. As an example, the modelling tool was used to assess the effectiveness of green areas and water surfaces to cool air temperatures and wet bulb globe temperatures during a typical hot day in the city of Ghent (Belgium), since the use of vegetation and water bodies are shown to be promising in mitigating the adverse effects of urban heat islands and improving thermal comfort. The results show that air temperature reduction is most profound over water surfaces during the afternoon, while open rural areas are coolest during the night. Radiation shading from trees, and to a lesser extent, from buildings, is found to be most effective in reducing wet bulb globe temperatures and improving thermal comfort during the warmest moments of the day.
18
Wang, Zhixiong, Fuhan Li, Zihan Xie, Qingyin Li, Yongli Zhang, and Meilin Dai. "Decoupling CO2 Emissions from Economic Growth in China’s Cities from 2000 to 2020: A Case Study of the Pearl River Delta Agglomeration." Land 12, no. 9 (September 18, 2023): 1804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12091804.
Abstract:
As one of the most densely populated, economically developed, and outwardly open urban agglomerations in China, the Pearl River Delta (PRD) urban agglomeration is a key player in achieving China’s carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets. This study analyzes low-emission development by examining the evolutionary patterns of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and the decoupling relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions, using the latest available data from 2000 to 2020. Here are the main findings: (1) We found a significant fluctuation in the decoupling statuses between economic advancements and CO2 emissions within the PRD domain. Predominantly, a weak decoupling scenario was observed, where economic proliferations were paralleled by nearly equivalent increments in CO2 emissions. (2) The growth rate of carbon emissions increased significantly relative to economic expansion during 2015–2020, especially pronounced in cities such as Guangdong, Zhuhai, Foshan, and Dongguan. This delineates the persistent challenges in steering towards a pathway of energy conservation and emission abatement in the region. (3) Furthermore, a differential role of elasticity factors was noted across cities: Guangzhou and Shenzhen witnessed a significant influence of energy-saving elasticity in fostering a decoupling between economic surge and CO2 emissions, whereas in other cities, the emphasis shifted towards emission-reduction elasticity as a more vital determinant. The results of this study are of great significance for guiding policy makers and stakeholders in urban clusters across China and in similar regions globally to achieve low carbon development goals.
19
Hanif, Mohd Pisal Mohd, Abd Jalil Jalilah, Mohd Fadzil Hanim Anisah, and Arumugam Tilagavathy. "Chitosan/Polyethylene Oxide (PEO) Filled Carbonized Wood Fiber Conductive Composite Film." Materials Science Forum 1010 (September 2020): 638–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1010.638.
Abstract:
Biopolymer-based conductive polymer composites (CPCs) would open up various possibilities in biomedical applications owing to ease of processing, renewable resource and environmentally friendly. However, low mechanical properties are a major issue for their applications. In this study, the investigated the conductivity of chitosan/ PEO blend films filled with carbonized wood fiber (CWF) prepared by solution casting. The effect of CWF was also investigated on tensile properties and their morphological surfaces. The tensile results from different ratios of chitosan/PEO blend films without CWF show that the tensile strength and modulus increased with the increase of chitosan content and chitosan/PEO blend film with 70/30 ratio exhibited the best combination of tensile strength and flexibility. However, a reduction of tensile strength was observed when CWF amount was increased while the modulus of the tensile shows an increment. The film also exhibited higher electrical conductivity as compared to low chitosan ratio. The addition of CWF greatly enhanced the conductivity three-fold from 10-10 to 10-6 S/cm. The electrical conductivity continued to increase with the increase of CWF up to 30wt%. The surface morphology by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) exhibits the absence of phase separation for the blends indicating good miscibility between the PEO and chitosan. Incorporation of CWF into the blend films at 5wt% showed agglomeration. However, the increase of CWF created larger agglomerations that formed conductive pathways resulting in improved conductivity. FTIR analysis suggested that intermolecular interactions occurred between chitosan and PEO while CWF interacts more with the protons of PEO.
20
Chang, Jie, Pingjun Sun, and Guoen Wei. "Spatial Driven Effects of Multi-Dimensional Urbanization on Carbon Emissions: A Case Study in Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration." Land 11, no. 10 (October 20, 2022): 1858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101858.
Abstract:
Previous studies lacked attention to the spatial heterogeneity of the impact of urbanization on carbon emissions. To fill this knowledge gap, this study analyzed the spatio-temporal variations of carbon emissions (TCE), the per capita carbon intensity (PCI), and the economic carbon intensity (ECI) in the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration (CUA) based on the Open-Data Inventory for Anthropogenic Carbon dioxide (ODIAC) from 2000–2018. Bivariate spatial autocorrelation, and spatial Durbin models were combined to quantify the spatial correlation and driving mechanisms between carbon emission intensity and multi-dimensional urbanization (population, economic, and land urbanization). The following are the main results: (1) The TCE in CUA increased by 3.918 million tons at an average annual growth of 6.86%; CUA ranked last among China’s national strategic urban agglomerations in terms of TCE, PCI, and ECI. (2) High carbon emission values were concentrated in the Chengdu and Chongqing metropolitan areas, presenting a spatial feature of “Core-Periphery” gradient decay. (3) Nearly 30% of the agglomeration had carbon emission growth at low rates, with the growth cores concentrated in the main urban areas of Chengdu and Chongqing. (4) The “Low-Low” positive correlation was the main correlation type between multi-dimensional urbanization and carbon emissions and was distributed mainly in mountainous areas (e.g., Leshan and Ya’an). (5) Among the urbanization dimensions, the impacts on carbon emissions in local and adjacent areas exhibited varying levels of spatial heterogeneity. Economic urbanization was found to have the strongest positive direct and spillover effects; land urbanization inhibited the growth of carbon emissions in local and adjacent areas; population urbanization promoted carbon emission reduction in adjacent areas. Our findings provide support for CUA to carry out cross-city joint governance strategies of carbon emissions, also proving that regional carbon emission reduction should be an integration of various efforts including low-carbon living of residents, green transformation of economy and optimal land management.
21
Wang, Weiwu, Shan Wang, Huan Chen, Lingjun Liu, Tianle Fu, and Yuxin Yang. "Analysis of the Characteristics and Spatial Pattern of the Catering Industry in the Four Central Cities of the Yangtze River Delta." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 6 (May 24, 2022): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11060321.
Abstract:
The development of the catering industry in big cities is of great significance for countries to improve the quality of development and improve people’s living standards. In recent years, the urban catering industry has effectively promoted the process of urbanization, and it is significant to study the development characteristics and spatial distribution of the catering industry for the urban pattern. Taking the four central cities (Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, and Hefei) of China’s Yangtze River Delta (YRD) urban agglomeration as examples, first, the point-of-interest (POI) data of various catering facilities in the city’s main urban area were crawled from the Amap (AutoNavi map) open platform through Python. Second, for the first time, three quantitative indicators were constructed to characterize the development and urbanization of the urban catering industry, namely cuisine localization index (CLI), cuisine diversity index (CDI), and cuisine geographical preference index (CGPI). Third, the overall spatial characteristics of the catering industry in the four central cities and administrative districts were obtained using the methods of kernel density and spatial autocorrelation analysis. The spatial distribution of the catering industry development in each city is displayed through GIS visualization, and its influencing factors are discussed preliminarily through geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. The research shows that: (1) the four central cities in the YRD have formed core catering areas with different agglomeration levels. Different cuisines in the city have the characteristics of partial spatial overlap. (2) In the four central cities of the YRD, there is a significant positive spatial correlation between the catering industry as a whole and individuals. Hangzhou and Hefei have higher CLI (0.38), but the cuisine structure is relatively simple. The CLI of Shanghai and Nanjing is at a low level, but the overall cuisine structure is relatively balanced. (3) The catering industry in the four central cities has a high degree of agglomeration, a wide range of agglomeration, and many agglomeration points. Only Shanghai cuisine, Jiangsu and Zhejiang cuisine, Anhui cuisine, Fujian cuisine, Shandong cuisine, and Hunan cuisine have significant positive correlations in space, and the correlations weaken in turn. (4) The influence intensity of the influencing factors on CLI and CDI is in the order of degree of openness, regional economic level, market vitality, population concentration level, industrial structure. The spatial pattern of catering in a city is greatly affected by the regional economy and population density. This study can provide a reference for research on the spatial distribution of the catering industry in similar urban agglomerations around the world.
22
Savoskina, Elena V., Natalia A. Solopova, Ekaterina P. Akri, and Svetlana V. Domnina. "Analysis of innovative mechanisms for solving housing problems in the Russian Federation." Vestnik MGSU, no. 8 (August 2022): 1096–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2022.8.1096-1112.
Abstract:
Introduction. The study of the problems of families wishing to improve their housing conditions has revealed an increase in the level of need of the population, where innovative mechanisms implemented on the basis of programs for the resettlement of residents from dilapidated and emergency housing are of particular importance. Complex socio-economic processes of the last three years only aggravate these problems.
Materials and methods. We used open statistical data on the cost of housing and investment indices, data on the dynamics of housing affordability in cities and urban agglomerations. Data processing was carried out using structural, comparative and statistical analysis. The material for the study were the works of domestic and foreign authors, describing the experience of implementing innovative mechanisms to solve housing problems. The analysis of factors affecting the effectiveness of implementation of the basic elements of the innovative mechanism to solve housing problems in the Russian Federation was carried out according to the algorithm of correlation and regression analysis using MS Excel tools.
Results. The paper presents the results of the study of the values of housing costs and indicators of investment indices as of 2021. The study made it possible to assess the changes taking place in the dynamics of housing affordability in cities and urban agglomerations, to identify the composition of the main elements of the innovative mechanism for solving housing problems in Russia. Structured the elements of the mechanism for solving the housing problem through a system of state regulation, the mechanism of external regulation, the system of leverage, and innovative tools. The key factors affecting the resulting indicator — the proportion of families who have the opportunity to buy housing were identified.
Conclusions. The paper presents the results of the study of the values of housing costs and indicators of investment indices as of 2021. The study made it possible to assess the changes taking place in the dynamics of housing affordability in cities and urban agglomerations, to identify the composition of the main elements of the innovative mechanism for solving housing problems in Russia. Structured the elements of the mechanism for solving the housing problem through a system of state regulation, the mechanism of external regulation, the system of leverage, and innovative tools. The key factors affecting the resulting indicator — the proportion of families who have the opportunity to buy housing were identified.
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Broggi, Mario F. "Umgang mit dem Wald im Ballungsraum – einige Gedankensplitter | Dealing with the Forest in Peri-Urban Areas – a few thoughts." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 154, no. 6 (June 1, 2003): 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2003.0216.
Abstract:
This essay is an appeal to apply «Urban Forestry» not just to city trees, parks and the immediate surrounding city forest and to focus not only on the recreational use of the forest. The forest in peri-urban areas is an integral part of the landscape. Four themes are addressed in this essay. Today's rather inappropriate distribution of forest should increasingly be considered in the light of regional planning elements, from the point of view of aesthetic enhancement and as a connecting element for biotope systems. The paramount point of view of regional planning will be discussed in connection with the most important questions. These are: How can we ensure that settled areas once again become part of the cultural landscape in a way that does justice to the term and offers more quality of life? In addition, we will explore the question of whether«agroforestry» can be revived, perhaps in the form of open commons with gentle transitions from open green country to forest. The way the forest is becoming increasingly full of equipment highlights the significance of the notion of «forest park» and makes the use of timber appear like the «murdering» of trees. We suggest helping the inhabitants of agglomerations to view using wood, which is a natural resource from local forests, as a direct contribution to ensuring that land use is sustainable and adapted to local conditions.
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Liu, Wangbao, Quan Hou, Zhihao Xie, and Xin Mai. "Urban Network and Regions in China: An Analysis of Daily Migration with Complex Networks Model." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 16, 2020): 3208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083208.
Abstract:
This paper analyzed urban network and regions in China using a complex network model. Data of daily migration among 348 prefectural-level cities from the Baidu Map location-based service (LBS) Open Platform were used to calculate urban network metrics and to delineate boundaries of urban regions. Results show that urban network in China displays an obvious hierarchy in terms of attracting and distributing population and controlling regional interaction. Regional integration has become increasingly prominent, as administrative boundaries and natural barriers no longer have strong impacts on urban connections. Overall, 18 urban regions were identified according to urban connectivity, and the degree of urban connection is higher among cities in the same urban region. Due to geographical proximity and close interaction, several provincial capital cities form an urban region with cities from neighboring provinces instead of those from the same province. Identification of urban region boundaries is of significant importance for sustainable development and policymaking on the demarcation of urban economic zones, urban agglomerations, and future adjustment of provincial administrative boundaries in China.
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Yu, Zhonglei, Hua Zhang, Zhuolin Tao, and Jinshe Liang. "Amenities, economic opportunities and patterns of migration at the city level in China." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 28, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0117196819832054.
Abstract:
This paper used a bootstrapped linear regression model to examine the role of amenities and economic opportunities in migration patterns in China based on the 2010 census at the city level. The results reveal that striking disparities characterize migration at the city level in China. Most migrants tend to move into several major cities in urban agglomerations in the eastern coastal region and provincial inland capitals. The cities farther away from provincial capitals have weak inflows and even suffer from serious population loss. The results suggest that job opportunities and wages contribute to the uneven pattern of migration in China even as amenities have also become important pull factors of migration. Regarding amenities, migrants prefer to move into cities with warm winters, less-humid summers, clean urban environments and friendly and open social climates. Social services, including facilities for education, recreation and commuting, also play an important role in attracting migrants. Findings from the study improve our understanding of China's internal migration and contribute to the debate on the role of economic opportunities and amenities in migration.
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Li, Nana, Jun Yang, Zhi Qiao, Yongwei Wang, and Shiguang Miao. "Urban Thermal Characteristics of Local Climate Zones and Their Mitigation Measures across Cities in Different Climate Zones of China." Remote Sensing 13, no. 8 (April 10, 2021): 1468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13081468.
Abstract:
Understanding the urban thermal environment is vital for improving urban planning and strategy development when mitigating urban heat islands. However, urban thermal characteristics of local climate zones (LCZ) are different within cities and most studies lack regional perspective. This study explored surface thermal performances of cities in three urban agglomerations (Jing-Jin-Ji, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta) in China using MODIS land surface temperature (LST). Besides that, the diurnal and seasonal LST variations of LCZs are also studied. Moreover, the optimal LCZs for better urban cooling are also investigated in this study. Although the thermal distributions of LCZs are different in China, there are still some similar features. Our four key findings were as follows. (1) LCZs in China are well classified, with average overall accuracy of 82% being higher than that in some previous studies. (2) The LST of mid-rise (LCZ 2, 5) is higher than that of high- and low-rise buildings (LCZ 1, 3, 4, 6); and compact buildings are warmer than open buildings (LCZ 1–3 > LST 4–6) in summer of China. That shows both mid-rise and compact buildings are not beneficial to cool urban. In addition, LST variations at daytime and in summer are more significant than nighttime and other seasons. (3) LST differences within LCZs are significant at p < 0.05, and are most significant in Jing-Jin-Ji (JJJ). The LST difference within built types (LCZ 1–10) is more significant than within natural types (LCZ A–G), showing that built types alteration will be more effective for thermal environmental improvement. (4) Under the current population and urban area, increasing greenness and water area in compact high-rise buildings are the most effective strategies for urban cooling in all three urban agglomerations, with the largest reduction in LST of 4.11 K in JJJ. These findings will provide support for thermal environment mitigation, urban planning and sustainable urban development.
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Narbut, N. A. "Cities in newly-developed regions: features of shaping a sustainable development." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 895, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/895/1/012033.
Abstract:
Abstract The main criterion for sustainable development in the world ultimately comes down to the ratio of disturbed and undisturbed areas within certain boundaries and compliance with particular conditions. These conditions can be met by considering the city area together with its suburbs. The presence of a suburban area and its characteristics depend on the stage of urbanization of the area. Newly-developed cities, being in the first stage of urbanization, have a sufficient amount of open space in both urban and suburban areas. This is an advantage in shaping sustainable development over the old-developed cities, which are in the second and third stages of urbanization. In these stages, urban agglomerations are formed, resulting in the shrinkage and sometimes complete disappearance of suburban areas. At the same time, industrial, transport and military facilities that have lost their functions in the process of de-industrialization, the downsizing of the urban kernel and the formation of a “secondary” free space, are being rehabilitated or completely eliminated. These activities are labour-intensive and costly, but they do help to increase some of the available space within the city and improve the environmental situation in the city.
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TĂTAR, Corina-Florina, Ribana LINC, Marius I. STUPARIU, Marcu Simion STAȘAC, Iulian DINCĂ, Stelian NISTOR, and Liviu BUCUR. "TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH OF CULTURAL TOURIST RESOURCES IN THE ORADEA METROPOLITAN AREA (OMA), ROMANIA." Analele Universităţii din Oradea, Seria Geografie 31, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 110–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/auog.312103-861.
Abstract:
Metropolitan regions/areas are NUTS 3 regions or a combination of NUTS 3 regions which represent all agglomerations of at least 250,000 inhabitants (Eurostat, 2021). Oradea Metropolitan Area (NUTS3ID RO111) was established in 9th of May 2005 and has a total number of 251.570 inhabitants. The purpose of the association is to stimulate and support the growth and prosperity of the area, focused on the continuous increase of the quality of life. Besides the economic boost, OMA emerged from the need for space and leisure expressed by the core urbanites and although the periurban area is teeming with valuable cultural resources, the latter being the focus of the current study, they are little known by many of the Oradea residents. In this purpose the cultural attractions of the rural OMA were inventoried, analysed and stored in an online open-access database so that tourists can enjoy them and entrepreneurs in tourism can use them as focal points for further tourist infrastructure development. The analysis highlighted the OMA periurban area with the highest cultural attractions’ potential based on the National Methodology regarding the evaluation of the tourist potential in the basic administrative-territorial units.
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Othman, Noriah, Mohd Zahid Mohd Salleh, Nurhayati Abdul Malek, and Leny Suzana Suddin. "Exploring Neuro-Landscape Theory Interfaced with Pro-Environment Behaviour Theory for Psychological Restoration of Low Income Group." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 5, no. 13 (March 24, 2020): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2055.
Abstract:
Mental disorder can be overcome through psychological restoration (PR) in urban agglomerations. There is a growing need for restoration in the urban surrounding environment. Despite many studies on nature and PR, hardly any research in neuroscience and urban nature, its relationship with Pro-Environment Behaviour (PEB), and PR for urban low-income groups (B40). Therefore, this paper attempts to explore prospects via the literature overviews. From the significant literature, a conceptual Neuro-Landscape Model and methodological research framework have been developed. In conclusion, this model can be verified further to gain significant evidence for addressing concerns in the well-being of B40 in Malaysia.Keywords: Neuro-Landscape (NL), Pro-Environment Behaviour (PEB), Psychological Restoration (PR), Low Income Group (B40)eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2107
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Rabinovich, R., H. Ginat, M. Schudack, U. Schudack, S. Ashckenazi-Polivoda, and G. Rogolsky. "A late Cretaceous elasmosaurid of the Tethys Sea margins (southern Negev, Israel), and its palaeogeographic reconstruction." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 94, no. 1 (October 2, 2014): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/njg.2014.26.
Abstract:
AbstractRecent research on the late Cretaceous (Santonian), Menuha Formation of the southern Negev, Israel, has revealed several unconformities in its exposures, spatial changes in its lithofacies, agglomerations of its carbonate concretions and nodules at a variety of localities. At Menuha Ridge Site 20, portions of a new elasmosaurid skeleton were found within deposits of laminated bio-micritic muddy limestone with thin phosphatic layers. The sediments are rich in microfossils – foraminifera and ostracods preserved in the carbonate mud. Planktic foraminifera species (e.g.Dicarinella asymetrica,D.concavata,Sigalia decoratissima carpatica) appear as well as species indicative of opportunistic life strategies typical of a forming upwelling system in the region. Marine ostracods (e.g.Brachycythere angulata,Cythereis rosenfeldi evoluta) and many echinoid spines suggest an open marine environment. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we offer here a reconstruction of the micro-regional palaeogeography along a segment of the ancient shoreline of the Tethys Sea during the Santonian, and explain the environmental conditions under which the various fauna lived. This new elasmosaurid is examined in light of the above and compared with evidence from the adjacent areas along the margins of the southern Tethys Sea.
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Li, Chun, Jianhua He, and Xingwu Duan. "The Relationship Exploration between Public Migration Attention and Population Migration from a Perspective of Search Query." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (April 1, 2020): 2388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072388.
Abstract:
Rapid population migration has been viewed as a critical factor impacting urban network construction and regional sustainable development. The supervision and analysis of population migration are necessary for guiding the optimal allocation of urban resources and for attaining the high efficiency development of region. Currently, the explorations of population migration are often restricted by the limitation of data. In the information era, search engines widely collect public attention, implying potential individual actions, and freely provide open, timelier, and large-scope search query data for helping explore regional phenomena and problems. In this paper, we endeavor to explore the possibility of adopting such data to depict population migration. Based on the search query from Baidu search engine, three migration attention indexes (MAIs) are constructed to capture public migration attention in cyber space. Taking three major urban agglomerations in China as case study, we conduct the correlation analysis among the cyber MAIs and population migration in geographical space. Results have shown that external-MAI and local-MAI can positively reflect the population migration inner regions and across regions from a holistic lens and that intercity-MAI can be a helpful supplement for the delineation of specific population flow. Along with the accumulation of cyber search query data, its potential in exploring population migration can be further reinforced.
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Degenhardt, Barbara, Felix Kienast, and Matthias Buchecker. "Einflussfaktoren des Naherholungsverhaltens im periurbanen Raum | Factors influencing nearby outdoor recreation behaviour in periurban regions." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 161, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2010.0075.
Abstract:
A growing number of people live in agglomerations, and the need for nearby outdoor spaces that provide the population with opportunities for recovery and to sustain health is increasing. However, urban sprawl dissects and consumes near-natural outdoor spaces in periurban regions. In order to manage and design the remaining nearby outdoor recreation areas to support public health, it is necessary to understand which factors influence nearby outdoor recreation in periurban forest and open country. This article reports on this question by investigating personal, social, and spatial influence factors in qualitative interviews (N = 15) and in a representative survey (N = 656) of the inhabitants of Frauenfeld, Switzerland. Multilinear regression techniques were used to link declared presence/absence to landscape properties and to generate preference maps for the area. We found that short distance, accessibility on foot, workloads, and a person's area knowledge significantly influence workday use frequency of nearby outdoor recreation areas, and that recreation infrastructure is little used on workdays. The most frequently visited sites have a dense small-road and trail network, allow accessibility to rivers or creeks, and enable the users to have an overview of a larger part of the landscape. Recommendations for the design of nearby outdoor recreation areas are given.
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Mahrunnisa, Nur, Adawiah Adawiah, Isalmi Aziz, and Agustino Zulys. "Green Synthesis of Cr-PTC-HIna Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Its Application in Methylene Blue Photocatalytic Degradation." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 18, no. 3 (August 14, 2023): 362–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.18885.
Abstract:
Metal Organic Framework (MOF) is a material that serves as a photocatalyst for decomposing methylene blue pollutant. MOF can be constructed using several kinds of synthetic methods. This study aims to determine the alternative efficient and eco-friendly synthesis method of isonicotinic acid-modulated chromium perylene 3,4,9,10-tetracharboxylate MOF (Cr-PTC-HIna) using solvothermal, hydrothermal, sonochemical, and mechanochemical methods. FTIR analysis revealed that Cr-PTC-HIna was successfully fabricated only by solvothermal, hydrothermal, and sonochemical methods, yielding 40.68%, 44.27%, and 46.50%. Cr-PTC-HIna-ST, Cr-PTC-HIna-HT, and Cr-PTC-HIna-SC have band gap energies of 2.02, 2.02, and 1.98 eV, respectively. Cr-PTC-HIna-HT and Cr-PTC-HIna-SC with irregular shapes form agglomerations. Cr-PTC-HIna-SC had the highest surface area, pore volume, and pore size of 92.76 m2.g−1, 0.3947cm3.g−1, and 142.74 nm, respectively. Cr-PTC-HIna-SC has the highest percentage of methylene blue decolorization through adsorption of 61.843% and photocatalytic degradation of 25.635%. Sonochemical and hydrothermal showed potential as more eco-friendly methods than solvothermal in synthesizing Cr-PTC-HIna MOF. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
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Zhang, Ying, Zhiqiang Fang, and Zhongqi Xie. "Study on the Coupling Coordination between Ecological Environment and High-Quality Economic Development in Urban Agglomerations in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4 (February 17, 2023): 3612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043612.
Abstract:
The ecological environment is the basis of high-quality economic development, and the coordinated development of the two is of great significance for promoting regional sustainable development. This study takes 31 cities in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River as samples, constructs an evaluation index system of the ecological environment (EE) and high-quality economic development (HQED), and uses a comprehensive evaluation method and a coupling coordination degree model to determine the development level, coupling coordination relationship, interaction coordination relationship and space–time evolution characteristics of the two. The results show that: (1) In the sample period, the overall level of EE and HQED increased simultaneously, but the two indexes of each city showed obvious heterogeneity. (2) EE and HQED have a coupling coordination relationship; the coupling degree (CD) is in a high coupling stage, and the coupling coordination degree (CCD) is in a good and moderate coordination state. (3) In the interactive coordination relationship, the CCD sequence of subsystems is coordinated development > shared development > innovative development > open development, and pressure subsystem > response subsystem > status subsystem. This study provides a new evaluation perspective for EE and HQED and puts forward suggestions for their coupling and coordinated development.
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Kurochkin, Alexander, and Svetlana Morozova. "Networks as Drivers of National Innovative System Development in the Conditions of Globalization." SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 06019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219206019.
Abstract:
Research background: The modern social, political and economic challenges of the Fourth Industrial revolution and development of the Network Society actualized the problem of maximizing of effectiveness of innovative policy analysis as one of the key factors of economic and political competitiveness of national states, regions, cities and urban agglomerations in Global World. Purpose of the article: The study focuses on the impact of networking on the effectiveness of national innovative development in the context of globalization. In this vein, the main ways of network interaction are considered and the network model of innovation policy is analyzed. Methods: Modern innovation policy is a synthesis of scientific, economic, industrial, and partly regional policy of the state, aimed at the formation and maintenance of an adequate institutional environment for the process of creating, disseminating and introducing innovations. Thus the key feature of the research methodology is the combination of the New Institutional Approach and the Network Theory. Findings & Value added: The study provides a detailed analysis of international experience in the field of open innovation and innovative development based on network interaction. Moreover, the authors present the classification of countries that are leaders in the process of building information (communicative) and network infrastructure. Particular attention is paid to issues of network interaction at the global level and the case of Russian innovation system in this context.
36
Fedorova, Natal’ya V., Оl’ga Yu Minchenkova, and Viktoriya G. Makeeva. "CLUSTERS IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATING REGION’S SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Economics. Management. Law, no. 3 (2021): 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6304-2021-3-172-186.
Abstract:
The article discusses the issues and possibilities of using the cluster initiatives from the standpoint of socio-economic partnership in the project management for the implementation of socially significant tasks. It studies the terminological apparatus of the cluster theory, since the question of the definition of clusters remains open to date, and numerous studies have not always contributed to the creation of conceptual approaches for the cluster theory development. Common to most economic explanations is that clusters provide positive externalities for business. The authors analyze trends in the development of clusters in Russia, in accordance with which agglomerations of industrial, scientific and educational structures that implement the cluster initiative are supported. In particular, it was noted that an ability of clusters to be integrated into the context of the digital economy or Industry 4.0 should be named a trend in their modern development. The article formulates recommendations for assessing the impact of clusters on the social sustainability of the region in two directions: the target orientation, i.e. assistance to the social and economic development of the region, including its infrastructural modernization; the field of activity, i.e. the environmental and food security, life support of the population, health protection and reduction of mortality among the population, raising the educational level of the population, meeting the social and spiritual needs of a person.
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KASIANCZUK, MAKSYM, YEVHEN LESZCZYNSKI, and OLESIA TROFYMENKO. "BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE: HOMO- AND BISEXUAL MEN IN URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS OF DONETSK OBLAST AS A LOCAL PRE-MODERN COMMUNITY." Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing, Stmm. 2022 (1) (2022): 124–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/sociology2022.01.124.
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the discussion of the ratio of the public and private, which characterizes the live of homosexual and bisexual men in the urban agglomerations of Donetsk region. In the research, the authors examined the boundaries of privacy, such as intrusion into privacy by family, neighbors, and the ability to exist in a safe environment. Donetsk region is characterized by significant distances between the major urban agglomerations, which in its turn leads to relative mutual isolation of local communities, that in its turn contributes to their weak involvement in the activity of the non-governmental associations of citizens (in particular, in the case of the studied community such associations play a paramount role in the access to public health services). The proposed study is based on the hypothesis of non-congruence of the norms of the represented by public organizations "open world" and "small society" of local communities. The concept of the "small society" originates in the concept of "incomplete modernism", i.e. characterized by poorly developed institutionalization, and social norms of the "small society" are congruent with the norms characteristic to mafia clans. The private in the study is treated as an area free from interference. On the other hand, the public sphere in the understanding of the modern era is one where there is a primacy of impersonal and written procedures over the personalized relationships of specific actors. The authors emphasize that if a prejudice against the backward social groups, in particular LGBT people, is a studied phenomenon, the separation of the private and public life of the representatives of local communities, as well as the lack of regulatory mechanisms are much less studied. An important result of the study is that a weak separation of the public and private in the life of a person from the local community shows that such a community can be described as a premodern one. At the same time, the transparency of the boundaries between the public and private forces a person to look for the ways to hide from the excessive attention of others, and often this way is to live on the margins, i.e. among those whom society prefers not to notice. The study was realized in 2009–2010. And unfortunately, these areas are now inaccessible to sociologists. However, the obtained results, being comparable with the facts from the literature, including those obtained from the material of other territories and communities, may indicate the prevalence of such phenomena and, therefore, become the basis for further research.
38
Belinskij, Iho, Paloniitty, and Soininen. "From Top–Down Regulation to Bottom–Up Solutions: Reconfiguring Governance of Agricultural Nutrient Loading to Waters." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 27, 2019): 5364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195364.
Abstract:
Animal agriculture is shifting toward larger farms and regional agglomerations in many countries. In step with this development, manure nutrients have started accumulating regionally, and are leading to increasing eutrophication problems. Nevertheless, the same trend may also prompt innovations in manure treatment. For example, Valio Ltd (the largest dairy processer in Finland) is planning a network of facilities that would remove water from manure, fraction the nutrients in it, and produce biogas from the excess methane. One of the main hurdles in developing this technology is that the current regulatory framework does not support a shift from diffuse loading, which is seen in the traditional application of manure on fields, to point-source loading; the regulations may even prevent such a change. This article analyzes a governance framework that addresses this dilemma in EU–Finland, and discusses how the governance described could curtail the nutrient loading of agriculture to waters. The approach is based on adaptive governance theory. We argue that traditional top–down regulation, which emphasizes food security, contains serious shortcomings when it comes to managing agricultural nutrient loading to waters, and that the current regulatory framework does not necessarily have the adaptive capacity to facilitate new, bottom–up solutions for manure treatment. Interestingly, the strict water quality requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) open new windows of opportunity for such solutions, and thus for improving the overall sustainability of animal agriculture.
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Kurzawa, A., and J. W. Kaczmar. "Bending Strength of EN AC-44200 – Al2O3 Composites at Elevated Temperatures." Archives of Foundry Engineering 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0019.
Abstract:
Abstract The paper presents results of bend tests at elevated temperatures of aluminium alloy EN AC-44200 (AlSi12) based composite materials reinforced with aluminium oxide particles. The examined materials were manufactured by squeeze casting. Preforms made of Al2O3 particles, with volumetric fraction 10, 20, 30 and 40 vol.% of particles joined with sodium silicate bridges were used as reinforcement. The preforms were characterised by open porosity ensuring proper infiltration with the EN AC-44200 (AlSi12) liquid alloy. The largest bending strength was found for the materials containing 40 vol.% of reinforcing ceramic particles, tested at ambient temperature. At increased test temperature, bending strength Rg of composites decreased in average by 30 to 50 MPa per 100°C of temperature increase. Temperature increase did not significantly affect cracking of the materials. Cracks propagated mainly along the interfaces particle/matrix, with no effect of the particles falling-out from fracture surfaces. Direction of cracking can be affected by a small number of agglomerations of particles or of non-reacted binder. In the composites, the particles strongly restrict plastic deformation of the alloy, which leads to creation of brittle fractures. At elevated temperatures, however mainly at 200 and 300°C, larger numbers of broken, fragmented particles was observed in the vicinity of cracks. Fragmentation of particles occurred mainly at tensioned side of the bended specimens, in the materials with smaller fraction of Al2O3 reinforcement, i.e. 10 and 20 vol.%.
40
Michelotto, Flavia, and Luiz Antonio Joia. "Unveiling the Smart City Concept: Perspectives from an Emerging Market via the Social Representation Theory." Sustainability 15, no. 10 (May 17, 2023): 8155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15108155.
Abstract:
This study aims to investigate the perception of citizens about the smart city construct since, so far, there is no consensus on what a “smart city” really is. As a result of this, the term has been used in different circumstances and with different names and is associated with several conceptual variants. Thus, the novelty of this work is based on capturing this perception and comparing it with the definition of the smart city found in the scientific literature in order to identify similarities and cognitive gaps and refine the smart city concept—a still open knowledge gap. For this purpose, the Social Representation Theory was used, operationalized by the evocation of words technique. The study was carried out in Brazil, herein considered as a proxy for other emerging markets with regard to smart cities. The results indicated a highly technocentric view on the part of citizens about the smart city concept. In addition, citizens did not realize some dimensions of smart cities that are often addressed in the scientific literature, such as People, Citizen Participation and Culture. Finally, it was noticed that most of the existing scientific literature on the definition of the smart city comes from developed countries rather than the Global South—curiously, where the largest urban agglomerations with the biggest problems to be faced are located. Thus, research on the concept of smart cities in developing countries is necessary, which is one of the motivations for the development of this work.
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Bouchenafa, Walid, Trong Dang-Vu, and Huyen Xuan Dang-Vu. "Strengthen resilience to rivers flooding by the drag reduction technique." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 964, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/964/1/012021.
Abstract:
Abstract Urban agglomerations face the risk of overflowing rivers due to intense urbanization in flood-prone areas and the climate change effects. Despite the important protective measures deployed to reduce the fluvial flooding risk, additional efforts are still needed. This work aims to propose a new complementary non-structural protection measure, used to reduce the river flooding risk. The study is part of the NABRAPOL (NEBRASKA POLYMER) project, which aims to improve knowledge of the drag reduction effect by adding polymers in open-channel flows. The addition of polymers, even in limited concentrations, allows high friction to decrease with the typical Manning coefficient reduced up to 45%. An application case on a real watercourse is presented in this article. Two measurement campaigns are carried out on a river along 30 km. Experimental devices are deployed, and non-intrusive hydraulic measuring instruments are installed at the study field. Surface velocities are evaluated by the Large-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry (LSPIV) technique, and water depth is measured using ultrasonic radar sensors over the river. Measurement results show that the addition of 20 ppm of polymers in the flows results in a marked drag reduction by decreasing the water depth to 18% of its initial depth. The drag reduction technique by addition of small concentrations of polymers can be considered as a new and effective method to reinforce the measures already deployed in the flood risk management strategy since it allows the water depth to be decreased thus avoid overflowing rivers in the extreme flooding event.
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Pankratov, V. M. "FEATURES OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF THEATER BUILDINGS." Regional problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 16 (December 23, 2022): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-90-98.
Abstract:
The article is devoted to a thematic study of the history of the emergence and development of the architecture of theater buildings as a specific area of architectural creativity. Theater buildings have always been located, and are located today, in the public centers of large cities and urban agglomerations. These buildings perform an important cultural and educational function and are distinguished by architectural uniqueness and originality. They play an important organizing role in the architectural ensembles of city streets and squares, emphasizing the prospects of avenues and boulevards. The article gives examples of theatrical buildings of antiquity, the Renaissance, the classical period and theatrical buildings of recent years. The image of the theater of Dionysus in Athens, on the slope of the Athenian acropolis, is used as an image of an ancient theatrical building. The most characteristic example of the Italian Renaissance theater is the Teatro Olimpico in Vicenza, designed by Andrea Palladio in 1580. In the interior of the theater, Palladio imitated the open space of Greek amphitheaters and the architectural style of ancient Rome. The Odessa Opera House can serve as an example of the development of the achievements of theatrical architecture of the 19th century. The most achievements of theatrical architecture of the 19th century. The most striking example of the theater of the 20th century is the Sydney Opera House – a symbol of new architecture created based on new building technologies. The 21st century is represented by more modern buildings: the Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles, the Poly Grand Theater in Shanghai, the New Philharmonic in Paris. Each building is a certain iconic phenomenon in the history of architecture and opens up new perspectives for rethinking the historical experience of the formation of such buildings. The architects made the most of the entire set of expressive means in order to draw the viewer's attention to the external appearance of the theater. Creating a background for the perception of a theatrical production and forming a sense of the continuity of the cultural space of theatrical art.
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Gorostiza, Jorge. "Editorial." Collectivus, Revista de Ciencias Sociales 5, no. 1 (April 6, 2018): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15648/coll.1.2018.1.
Abstract:
La ciudad es uno de los más poderosos y al mismo tiempo más controvertidos artefactos creados por el ser humano. En la actualidad, la mayoría de la humanidad desarrolla su vida cotidiana y trabaja en estos conjuntos de edificaciones y espacios libres diseminados por todo el planeta. El cine y, con él, la denominada imagen en movimiento, nacieron a finales del XIX y se desarrollaron en el siglo pasado, justo cuando las urbes se comenzaban a convertir en las descomunales aglomeraciones donde hoy disfrutamos y sufrimos. En las pantallas cinematográficas se fue mostrando ese crecimiento y en sus ficciones se narraron las transformaciones que iban experimentando los ciudadanos inmersos en las metrópolis; a partir de entonces, el denominado “séptimo arte” se ha convertido en un instrumento imprescindible tanto para analizar el desarrollo de las ciudades, como para proponer alternativas a la vida urbana.AbstractThe city is one of the most powerful and at the same time most controversial artifacts created by the human being. Currently, most of humanity develops its daily life and works in these sets of buildings and open spaces scattered throughout the planet. The cinema and, with it, the so-called moving image, were born in the late nineteenth century and developed in the last century, just when the cities began to become the huge agglomerations where today we enjoy and suffer. In the movie screens that growth was showing and in his fictions were narrated the transformations that were experiencing the citizens immersed in the metropolis; Since then, the so-called "seventh art" has become an essential tool both to analyze the development of cities, and to propose alternatives to urban life.
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Vindigni, Gabriella, Alexandros Mosca, Tommaso Bartoloni, and Daniela Spina. "Shedding Light on Peri-Urban Ecosystem Services Using Automated Content Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 9182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169182.
Abstract:
The objective of this paper is to provide an overall perspective on peri-urban ecosystem services in European Countries. The phenomenon of urbanization affecting our era has seen the shift of the city from compact and well-defined structures to agglomerations with a seamless expansion. This has led to several environmental consequences that have affected the urbanized areas and the surroundings. The peri-urban areas may be the main urban design and planning challenge of the 21st century. These hybrid landscapes, characterized by high fragmentation, can be turned into opportunities to improve the sustainability and quality of urban areas, generating multiple economic, social and environmental benefits. Areas beyond the immediate urban core can be considered a zone of influence, which represent a critical resource in terms of provisioning, regulating, supporting services and cultural ecosystem services. Our study has been developed in the framework of the project “Fertile Lands, Fragile Lands” funded by the University of Catania. A multi-phased method has been applied, showing strong, heterogeneous ties between landscape and ecosystem services. While the importance of literature studies on this topic is well recognized, the same attention has not been placed on the tools and methods of conducting systematic and incremental literature reviews. Using Leximancer software, we propose a text mining approach to extract relevant themes and concepts as well as related topics of interest from identified literature on peri-urban ecosystems. We first introduce the overall methodology and then discuss each phase in detail. The outputs can be used as starting point for broad exploratory reviews and allow further exploration in this issue. The results show how the peri-urban space can be seen as a mosaic in which the settlement, the agricultural and the environmental systems interact and coexist, placing at the centre the relationship of reciprocity between the built environment and the open territory.
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Pan, Di, Guangqing Zhang, Fanghui Jia, Lianjie Li, Tao Zhang, Yao Lu, Hui Wu, Ming Yang, and Zhengyi Jiang. "Analysis of TiO2 Nanolubricant Influence in Micro Deep Drawing of Stainless Steel SUS301." Materials 16, no. 6 (March 9, 2023): 2196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16062196.
Abstract:
To improve the quality of products produced from microforming, various nanolubricants have been applied in the field of micromanufacturing in recent years. In this paper, the effects of glycerol-based lubricant containing TiO2 NPs (NPs) on micro deep drawing (MDD) of austenitic stainless steel (ASS) SUS301 were studied, and the lubrication mechanism involved was discussed. The MDD experiments were conducted with the SUS301 foils under dry, 1, 2, and 4 wt% TiO2 NP lubrication conditions. The results show that the use of the TiO2 nanolubricants can significantly improve the quality of the drawn cups in terms of decreased wrinkling and surface roughness. Besides, the concentration of TiO2 NPs influences lubricity by reducing friction during the MDD process. The peak drawing force is the lowest when 2 wt% nanolubricant is applied, which drops to 72.54 N from 77.38 N under dry conditions. The micro cup drawn under 2 wt% TiO2 nanolubricant has the best quality among those obtained under all the lubrication conditions. The lubrication mechanisms are derived from the mending effects of TiO2 NPs and the formation of thin lubricant films associated with the open lubricant pockets (OLPs) and close lubricant pocket (CLPs) theory in the MDD. The CLPs function as reservoirs that retain lubricants to counteract the load pressure, whereas the OLPs lead to lubricant leakage due to the higher flow resistance. It was found that the lubricant film and NPs are insufficient at a low concentration (1 wt%), while the lubrication performance can be enhanced with increased NP concentration. However, there exist apparent agglomerations on the surface of the produced micro cup when using 4 wt% nanolubricant, which greatly deteriorates the lubricant performance in the MDD process. It is concluded that the lubricant containing 2 wt% TiO2 NPs demonstrates the best lubrication performance during the MDD of ASS SUS301.
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Ellison, Joanna, Kristina Tschulik, Emma J. E. Stuart, Kerstin Jurkschat, Dario Omanović, Margitta Uhlemann, Alison Crossley, and Richard G. Compton. "Get More Out of Your Data: A New Approach to Agglomeration and Aggregation Studies Using Nanoparticle Impact Experiments." ChemistryOpen 2, no. 2 (March 15, 2013): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/open.201300005.
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Sonavane, Omkar, Vaishnavi Shinde, and Shishir Dadhich. "Study of Redevelopment Procedure of Old and Dilapidated Buildings as Per Section 79-A of Maharashtra Cooperative Societies Act ,1960 and its Comparison with section 41 – A of Gujarat Ownership Flats (GOF) (Amendment) Act 2018." E3S Web of Conferences 405 (2023): 04036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340504036.
Abstract:
In various urban agglomerations throughout India and especially in Mumbai, there is a serious problem with old and dilapidated buildings in the city core. These buildings, mostly small in land and built-up area, are single isolated buildings which are in dilapidated state and are more than 30 years old. Yet the tenants/owners are living in them. These buildings form a major part of Thane, suburban Mumbai and Mumbai respectively. If these buildings are redeveloped, it will lead to better housing for tenants, increase the facade of buildings, bring in more open spaces and amenities, increase the value of real estate, and so on. Redevelopment is basically demolishing the old building and erecting a new, more structurally sound building on the same site with the same or more built-up area. The redevelopment process itself is ridden with various barriers and difficulties and is in no way a cakewalk for any of the stakeholder. One of the key problems is the implementation of 79 - A Process which is applicable to whole of Maharashtra is not done properly. As the redevelopment process done in Maharashtra is as per Section 79 - A of the MCS Act, which is compulsory to be followed, its study is important to make the process of redevelopment more user-friendly by proposing some changes. The research will help to identify general technical shortcomings in the 79 - A process of redevelopment of old buildings as per the Maharashtra Co-operative Societies Act 1960, respectively. The main aim of the study in this paper is to study in depth the existing Section 79 - A process of the Maharashtra Cooperative Societies Act, and compare it with Section 41- A of the Gujarat ownership flats Act, and suggest a few plausible and sound improvements in Section 79-A process backed by the, collected data from study area, its analysis other similar literature survey respectively.
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Zhaina, Tolegen, Nazerke Kaltay, Aiya Mukhtarova, Beibit Beibit, and Dina Amandykova. "La revisión de los métodos de estudio del problema de la seguridad en el medio urbano." Innovaciencia 10, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/2346075x.2958.
Abstract:
Introduction: Nowadays, the concept of “safe city” has become one of the topical issues of scientific research in many areas of human activity. Besides architects, designers, and builders, IT specialists are actively involved in creating a safe urban environment. A safe city very often involves the construction of a complex distribution system, which is capable of integrating heterogeneous elements of the urban environment, such as residential utilities, highways, strategic facilities, into a single managed structure. In the architectural and design activities, methods of designing the safe environment are well known, which facilitate the creation of open spaces, the creation of comfortable redevelopment of urban voids, etc. Thus, it can be argued that many existing problems of urban environmental safety are being successfully addressed. Nevertheless, the current trend of urbanization and the consequent increase in the population of agglomerations, the construction of high-rise buildings, the development of infrastructure, the formation of new areas and entire cities lead to other problems with urban safety or require the review of existing methods. In this regard, it is of great interest to identify categories of topical problems and methods of the study and the implementation of the principles of urban environmental safety. This study is aimed to identify the safety categories, methods of their realization, and the effectiveness of the methodological features of scientific research on a safe urban environment. Materials and Methods: The research method is based on the study of scientific articles in the post-pandemic period. Results and Discussion: The result of the study is the systematization of typological features of scientific research methods and obtained results in the organization of a safe urban environment. Conclusions: These results could form the basis for an action plan aimed at creating a safe urban environment for all categories of people. Such measures should be developed at the regional level to assess the territory’s security.
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Jagtap, Rutuja Deshmukh, and Devendra Pratap Singh. "Inclusive stimulating space planning for sustainable urban agglomeration." Brazilian Journal of Development 10, no. 5 (May 2, 2024): e69384. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv10n5-004.
Abstract:
Open Spaces provides space for the expression of diversity, both personal and cultural. The social and cultural values of open space include attitudes towards nature and the desire for contact with it. Open space is now Inclusive part of statutory and community planning processes. Urban Spaces must be stimulating for all age groups encouraging their activities, events and gatherings via sustainable planning and design. This paper focuses on need, unconventional, visions and principles for urban open space in this modern era of planning. The social, cultural and physiological values of open space include attitudes towards nature and the desire for contact with it.
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CHENG, Lei, Hongtu HE, Minheng YE, Chao WANG, and Jiaxin YU. "Effect of nanodiamond abrasive agglomeration on tribological properties of fused silica." Optics and Precision Engineering 31, no. 7 (2023): 1031–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37188/ope.20233107.1031.