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Journal articles on the topic 'Ontario'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Turk*, James L. "Universities, the Charter, Doug Ford, and Campus Free Speech." Constitutional Forum / Forum constitutionnel 29, no. 2 (April 3, 2020): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21991/cf29398.

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On a warm summer day at the end of August 2018, Ontario Premier Doug Ford’s office issued a press release announcing, “Ontario’s Government for the People is delivering on its promise to uphold free speech on every Ontario publicly-funded university and college campus.”1 An accompanying “Backgrounder” spelled out the details.2 Although this policy seems progressive on its face, it is actually anything but. That said, it may have the unintended but beneficial effect of bringing Ontario universities under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.3 More about that later. First, the problems. * Distinguished Visiting Scholar and Director, Centre for Free Expression. Faculty of Communications & Design, Ryerson University.1 Office of the Premier, News Release: “Ontario Protects Free Speech on Campuses: Mandates Universities and Colleges to Introduce Free Speech Policy by January 1, 2019” (30 August 2018), online: Government of Ontario <news.ontario.ca/opo/en/2018/08/ontario-protects-free-speech-on-campuses.html> [Office of the Premier, “Ontario Protects”].2 See Office of the Premier, Backgrounder “Upholding Free Speech on Ontario’s University and College Campuses” (30 August 2018), online: Government of Ontario <news.ontario.ca/opo/en/2018/08/upholdingfree-speech-on-ontarios-university-and-college-campuses.html> [Office of the Premier, “Upholding Free Speech”].

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2

Wilkinson, Christopher J. A. "An examination of recovery planning for forest-dwelling woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in Ontario, Canada." Rangifer 28, no. 1 (April 1, 2008): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.28.1.147.

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Ontario’s population of forest-dwelling woodland caribou is listed both federally and provincially as a species at risk. It is estimated that 20 000 woodland caribou remain in Ontario, of which approximately one quarter inhabit the boreal forest and are described as the sedentary forest-dwelling population. This paper examines the recovery strategy for this population developed by the Ministry of Natural Resources, as well as discussing the implications of provincial forestry policy on woodland caribou management. Commercial timber harvesting will likely soon be allowed in parts of the northern third of the province, in which woodland caribou habitat currently is relatively unimpaired by industrial development. Abstract in Norwegian / Sammendrag:Planlegging for bevaring av skogsøkotypen av Rangifer tarandus caribou i Ontario, CanadaSkogsvillreinen av skogsøkotypen i Ontario er vurdert som sårbar både føderalt og på provinsnivå. Av provinsens rundt 20 000 skogsvillrein hører omtrent en fjerdepart til den stasjonære skogsboende skogsøkoypen. Artikkelen ser på bevaringsstrategien som er utarbeidet av naturressursdepartementet i Ontario for denne spesielle bestanden og diskuterer konsekvensene for villreinen av provinsens skogpolitikk. Kommersiell hogst vil mest sannsynlig og snart bli tillatt i deler av Ontarios nordlige tredel der skogvillreinens leveområder er relativt upåvirket av industriell virksomhet.

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3

Neary, Peter. "“Terrific weight of rock above me”." Ontario History 114, no. 2 (September 13, 2022): 143–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1092216ar.

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Alan Caswell Collier (1911-1990) was a major Ontario landscape artist of the twentieth century and, in the 1940s and 1950s, advanced his career through depictions of mines and miners, having himself worked underground in Northern Ontario during the Great Depression. His 1968 commissioned picture, Mining in Ontario, is now part of the art collection at the Macdonald Block, Queen’s Park. Collier’s voluminous papers are in the archives of Queen’s University and this paper is based on extensive research in this collection, a major source for scholars of Ontario’s art history. Mining was a leading industrial activity in the province in the twentieth century, and Collier was at the fore in representing its development artistically. He was at once an uncommon but ordinary Ontarian – uncommon in his talent but in many other respects an Anglo-Canadian everyman: he lived in relief camps and bunkhouses in the 1930s, served in uniform in the 1940s, and moved to Toronto suburbia in the 1950s. His mining art recalls an expansive boom period in the history of Ontario industry.

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4

Mascher, Peter. "(Invited) Nano Ontario - A Model for Regional Cooperation in Nanotechnology." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 7 (July 7, 2022): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-017619mtgabs.

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Nano Ontario is a not-for-profit corporation representing the interests of academic, industrial, government and financial community members in the development of nanotechnologies in Ontario, Canada. Members work together to raise the profile, increase the research, build the investment and drive economic returns from nanotechnology in the province and across Canada. In this presentation I will discuss how this multi-sector cooperation serves to achieve the following main objectives: Be a trusted source of information for all nanoscience and nanotechnology activity in Ontario; Advise government organizations on economic opportunity, policy, standards & regulations that nanotechnology can offer, to enable Ontario to benefit and capitalize from its nano research, development, and commercial capacity; Map Ontario’s capacity in nanotechnology research, development, and commercialization; Serve as the main point of contact for Ontario’s community of practice in nanoscience & nanotechnology; Build and facilitate new connections between nanotechnology groups in universities, government organizations and industries within Ontario, across Canada, and internationally; and Coordinate public outreach activities to advocate the societal benefits enabled by nanoscience and nanotechnology.

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5

Ellis, Lara. "Ontario's provincial parks and protected areas: Challenges and opportunities in ensuring ecological integrity and representation." Forestry Chronicle 73, no. 6 (December 1, 1997): 727–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc73727-6.

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Among the actions needed to conserve biodiversity in Ontario is the completion of a network of protected areas. The Ontario Government committed to completing Ontario's protected areas network in order to conserve biodiversity in 1989. The provincial government announced, in February 1997, a land-use planning process that "will be used for making decisions on natural heritage protection" (Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources 1997). A framework and action plan on protected areas was publicly released by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) after this announcement. This document and a recent gap analysis report employing the program's methodology indicate that the approach being taken by OMNR in terms of protecting representative areas may fall short of the criteria put forth by World Wildlife Fund Canada, the Wildlands League, and other Endangered Spaces Campaign partners. Key words: Biodiversity, park management, Ontario, natural heritage protection

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6

Lucas, Jack. "How Hydro Ontario Went Local: The Creation of Local Districts and the Ontario Central System." Scientia Canadensis 37, no. 1-2 (May 20, 2015): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1030640ar.

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When Ontario Hydro was created, its task was to distribute electricity to local hydro commissions across Ontario. By the 1920s, however, it had become a local distributor itself, providing direct service to thousands of customers across the province. This essay examines the two major events that brought Ontario Hydro into local distribution during this period: the creation of the Central Ontario System in 1916 and the Rural Power District in 1920. This essay draws on previously unexplored archival sources to argue that the two processes were quite separate from one another, and that only one – the Rural Power District – left a lasting institutional legacy in Ontario’s electricity sector. Both developments, however, reveal the “flexibility” of local political autonomy in Ontario – the cultural and political limits of appeals to local autonomy in the face of economic risk and opportunity and technological change.

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7

Hoag, Hannah. "Ontario." Nature 434, no. 7033 (March 2005): 676–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nj7033-676a.

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8

van Dijk, Adam, Don McGuinness, Elizabeth Rolland, and Kieran M. Moore. "Can Telehealth Ontario respiratory call volume be used as a proxy for emergency department respiratory visit surveillance by public health?" CJEM 10, no. 01 (January 2008): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500009969.

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ABSTRACTObjective:There is a paucity of information regarding the usefulness of non-traditional data streams for real-time syndromic surveillance systems. The objective of this paper is to examine the temporal relation between Ontario's emergency department (ED) visits and telephone health line (Telehealth) call volume for respiratory illnesses to test the feasibility of using Ontario's Telehealth system for real-time surveillance.Methods:Retrospective time-series data from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS) and the Telehealth Ontario program from June 1, 2004, to March 31, 2006, were analyzed. The added value of Telehealth Ontario data was determined by comparing it temporally with NACRS data, which uses the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10-Canadian Enhancement coding system for discharge diagnoses.Results:Telehealth Ontario had 216 105 calls for respiratory complaints, while 819 832 ICD-coded complaints from NACRS were identified with a comparable diagnosis of respiratory illness. Telehealth Ontario call volume was heavily weighted for the 0–4 years age group (49%), while the NACRS visits were mainly from those 18–64 years old (44%). The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was calculated to be 0.97, with the time-series analysis also resulting in significant correlations at lags (semi-monthly) 0 and 1, indicating that increases in Telehealth Ontario call volume correlate with increases in NACRS discharge diagnosis data for respiratory illnesses.Conclusion:Telehealth Ontario call volume fluctuation reflects directly on ED respiratory visit data on a provincial basis. These call complaints are a timely, useful and representative data stream that shows promise for integration into a real-time syndromic surveillance system.

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9

Forsyth, D. A., B. Milkereit, C. A. Zelt, D. J. White, R. M. Easton, and D. R. Hutchinson. "Deep structure beneath Lake Ontario: crustal-scale Grenville subdivisions." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 31, no. 2 (February 1, 1994): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e94-025.

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Lake Ontario marine seismic data reveal major Grenville crustal subdivisions beneath central and southern Lake Ontario separated by interpreted shear zones that extend to the lower crust. A shear zone bounded transition between the Elzevir and Frontenac terranes exposed north of Lake Ontario is linked to a seismically defined shear zone beneath central Lake Ontario by prominent aeromagnetic and gravity anomalies, easterly dipping wide-angle reflections, and fractures in Paleozoic strata. We suggest the central Lake Ontario zone represents crustal-scale deformation along an Elzevir–Frontenac boundary zone that extends from outcrop to the south shore of Lake Ontario.Seismic images from Lake Ontario and the exposed western Central Metasedimentary Belt are dominated by crustal-scale shear zones and reflection geometries featuring arcuate reflections truncated at their bases by apparent east-dipping linear reflections. The images show that zones analogous to the interpreted Grenville Front Tectonic Zone are also present within the Central Metasedimentary Belt and support models of northwest-directed crustal shortening for Grenvillian deep crustal deformation beneath most of southeastern Ontario.A Precambrian basement high, the Iroquoian high, is defined by a thinning of generally horizontal Paleozoic strata over a crestal area above the basement shear zone beneath central Lake Ontario. The Iroquoian high helps explain the peninsular extension into Lake Ontario forming Prince Edward County, the occurrence of Precambrian inlier outcrops in Prince Edward County, and Paleozoic fractures forming the Clarendon–Linden structure in New York.

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10

Chang, Kiki. "Fair workplaces, better jobs: Is Ontario addressing precarious employment?" Critical Studies: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal 14, no. 1 (November 26, 2018): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51357/cs.v14i1.124.

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The purpose of this paper is to examine how Bill 148, introduced by the province of Ontario in 2017, addresses the issue of precarious employment. Bill 148 was created based on information from The Changing Workplaces Review, which reported on Ontario's labour standards and employment systems. An overview of precarious employment in Ontario is provided, including a working definition of the term, statistics, rates, and demographics. The issues that face precarious workers are explored, using the framework of the four dimensions of precarious work as identified by Rodgers (1989) and Vosko (2010). The Changing Workplaces Review and Bill 148 are analyzed to see if they fully address the concerns of precarious workers in Ontario. The paper concludes with suggestions on how the government of Ontario can continue to address work and employment conditions of those who are precariously employed.

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Whittingham, Nathaniel. "How wind turbines are not generating green energy: An economic review of the Ontario Green Energy and Green Economy Act." SURG Journal 7, no. 2 (June 16, 2014): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/surg.v7i2.2894.

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The Ontario Government passed the Ontario Green Energy and Green Economy Act in 2009. The Act promoted wind turbines and solar panels as a major component of the energy supply for the Province of Ontario as a replacement for coal-fired electricity generation plants. This article provides an economic assessment of the rationales that were offered for this policy, specifically, that the Act would help the Government of Ontario reduce the province’s reliance on fossil fuels, reduce carbon emissions, and stimulate the economy through the creation of jobs. The effects of the policy on the cost of electricity in the province are also considered. The analysis concludes that the Act will not reduce the Province of Ontario’s reliance on fossil fuels due to the inefficiency and unpredictability of wind turbines, ultimately leading to the need to use energy from more readily available sources of electricity such as gas. The need for fossil fuel backup also limits the potential to reduce the green house gas emissions. Keywords: Ontario Green Energy and Green Economy Act (2009); renewable energy; economic review

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12

Perrella, Andrea M. L., Steven D. Brown, Barry J. Kay, and David D. Docherty. "The 2007 Provincial Election and Electoral System Referendum in Ontario." Canadian Political Science Review 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24124/c677/200842.

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Ontario’s general election in Oct. 10, 2007, was unprecedented for several reasons. The election was held on a date fixed by legislation and not one set by the premier or his caucus, something new to Ontario and relatively new to Canadian politics. Turnout declined to 53%, the lowest ever in Ontario history. The incumbent Liberals won a second consecutive majority government, something the party had not achieved since 1937. And finally, the election featured a referendum question that asked voters in Ontario to approve reforms to the electoral system, a proposal that was overwhelmingly rejected. This article explores each of the above-stated elements as they unfolded in the election.

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13

Montpetit, Éric, and William D. Coleman. "Policy Communities and Policy Divergence in Canada: Agro-Environmental Policy Development in Quebec and Ontario." Canadian Journal of Political Science 32, no. 4 (December 1999): 691–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900016954.

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AbstractDespite what would appear to be pressures for policy convergence in Canada due to growing continental integration and market competitiveness, agro-environmental policies in the provinces of Quebec and Ontario have become increasingly divergent over the past decade. Quebec's policies are comprehensive, coercive in approach and intrusive in the production process; those in Ontario, while comprehensive, rely more on industry self-regulation and shy away from intruding significantly into farming practices. Three institutional factors help explain this policy divergence. First, Quebec's main environmental act enabled the Ministry of the Environment to participate in the agro-environmental policy community's “subgovernment,” while the Ministry of the Environment in Ontario remained in the “attentive public.” Second, the agricultural policy network in Ontario took on many attributes of closed bipartite corporatism during the 1990s, thereby enhancing the power potential of Ontario's farmers. Third, path dependence related to policy feedback predisposed Ontario to self-regulatory approaches, but favoured strong statist policies in Quebec. The combination of these institutional differences creates distinct negotiation settings in the two provinces. Consequently, in Ontario, policy discussions tend to focus on wealth generation to the exclusion of distributive justice, while in contrast, Quebec's institutions focus more on distributive issues, perhaps at the expense of aggregate value creation.

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14

Robertson, Lorayne, Bill Muirhead, and Heather Leatham. "Reconsidering the Mandatory in Ontario Online Learning Policies." Open/Technology in Education, Society, and Scholarship Association Journal 1, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/otessaj.2021.1.2.12.

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In March 2019, the Ontario government announced that commencing in 2023-24, secondary school students (Grades 9-12) would be required to gain four of 30 graduation credits through online courses. At the time of the policy pronouncement, these four credits (or courses) would become the first mandatory online courses in Canadian K-12 education. The policy decision and process were challenged publicly, and the educational context changed quickly with the ensuing contingencies of the global pandemic. The policy was subsequently revised and, at present, Ontario requires two mandatory online secondary school credits for graduation, which is twice the requirement of any other North American jurisdiction. In this study, the researchers employ a critical policy analysis framework to examine the concept of mandatory online learning in Ontario through multiple temporal contexts. First, they examine Ontario’s mandatory online learning policy prior to the shutdown of Ontario schools during the 2020-2021 global pandemic. Next, they examine aspects of Ontario’s mandatory online learning policy in K-12 during the emergency remote learning phase of the pandemic. In the final section, the authors provide a retrospective analysis of the decisions around mandatory e-learning policy and explore policy options going forward for mandatory e-learning in the K-12 sector post-pandemic.

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Ward, P. C., A. G. Tithecott, and B. M. Wotton. "ReplyA re-examination of the effects of fire suppression in the boreal forest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 8 (August 1, 2001): 1467–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-074.

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Ward and Tithecott (P.C. Ward and A.G. Tithecott. 1993. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Aviation, Flood and Fire Management Branch, Publ. 305) presented data that indicated fire suppression activities in Ontario led to reductions in average annual area burned and greater numbers of small fires, compared with what would have been observed in the absence of suppression. Miyanishi and Johnson (K. Miyanishi and E.A. Johnson. 2001. Can. J. For. Res. 31: 14621466) have questioned aspects of that report, suggesting that the evidence does not demonstrate that suppression influences fire size or frequency. Fire-history studies in Ontario's forests and recent fire disturbance records do show that the fire-return interval has lengthened considerably in Ontario's protected forest since pre-suppression times. Analysis of forest inventory age-class distributions also reflect a reduction in overall forest disturbance rates in the past 40 years. Average annual burn fractions (ABF) calculated for protected and unprotected forests in northwestern Ontario for the period 1976-2000 show an ABF of 1.11% in the unprotected forest and only 0.34% in the protected forest. There is clear evidence that fire suppression in Ontario contains many fires at small sizes that would have otherwise grown to larger sizes, and reduces the overall average annual area burned in the protected forest.

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16

Barkley, Brian, Marc Patry, Steve Virc, and Patti Story. "The Eastern Ontario Model Forest: Acting locally, connecting globally." Forestry Chronicle 73, no. 6 (December 1, 1997): 723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc73723-6.

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The Eastern Ontario Model Forest was created in 1992 as a grassroots organization, representing a wide diversity of players interested in Eastern Ontario's extensive privately-owned forested and agricultural lands. An initial series of intensive meetings eventually led to the adoption of an innovative board structure with strong representation from the membership at large including seats for industry, First Nations and provincial government and a constitution based on consensual decision-making. The Eastern Ontario Model Forest recognized the knowledge it would gain in developing sustainable forestry activities. From the outset, it clearly expressed in its goals and objectives a desire to participate in global initiatives for sustainable forestry, such as the development of criteria and indicators. Simultaneously, the Eastern Ontario Model Forest sought to become involved, again at the grassroots level, with a similar Model Forest outside of Canada. It established a unique twinning relationship with the Calakmul Model Forest in Mexico to enhance the flow of knowledge and experience between people faced with similar challenges. The experience gained from the Eastern Ontario Model Forest members' participation in local, national, global and back down to local Mexican forestry issues has helped improve the understanding and application of sustainable forestry principles in their own backyards. Simultaneously, the Eastern Ontario Model Forest expects that its own contributions in these same flora will help further the application of sustainable forestry outside the Eastern Ontario Model Forest boundaries. Key words: Eastern Ontario Model Forest, community forestry, multi-stakeholder decision making

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17

Smith, P. G. R., V. Glooschenko, and D. A. Hagen. "Coastal Wetlands of Three Canadian Great Lakes: Inventory, Current Conservation Initiatives, and Patterns of Variation." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48, no. 8 (August 1, 1991): 1581–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f91-187.

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The decline of wetlands, including those in the Great Lakes coastal zone, prompted the Government of Ontario to initiate steps towards a wetland management policy in 1981. Wetland inventory and evaluation in southern Ontario began in 1983. To date, 1982 wetlands have been evaluated totalling 390 000 ha. These include 160 coastal wetlands, 64 of these on Lake Ontario and the remainder on the other Great Lakes and connecting channels. Current wetland conservation initiatives are outlined including the Wetlands Planning Policy Statement and Conservation Lands Act. Although the values of Ontario's coastal wetland areas are increasingly being recognized, there has been no comprehensive study to show patterns in coastal wetland ecology. Aided by analysis of variance, ordination, and cluster analysis, we show patterns of variation in wetland and site types, soils, dissolved solids, vegetation complexity, and rare flora and fauna which differ between wetlands along Lakes Ontario, Huron, Erie, St. Clair, and connecting channels. Wetlands of Lake Huron reflect a more northern species composition, less organic soil, and more swamp and fen habitat. Along Lakes Erie, Ontario, and St. Clair the predominant marshes have smaller swamp components, organic soils, and considerable dissolved solids.

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18

Lynch, Meghan. "Ontario Kindergarten Teachers’ Social Media Discussions About Full Day Kindergarten." Articles 49, no. 2 (April 13, 2015): 329–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1029423ar.

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This exploratory netnographic study describes how a sample of Ontario kindergarten teachers perceives the new Ontario Full Day Kindergarten (FDK) curriculum. Discussions from teacher message boards, the comment sections of online news articles, and interviews with kindergarten teachers were analyzed and coded using a qualitative approach. Analysis revealed three major themes: 1) Class size concerns, 2) Team teaching concerns, and 3) Play-based curriculum concerns. Results are in broad agreement with those reported in existing research into Ontario’s FDK initiative. Findings highlight the need for further research with educators involved in Ontario’s FDK and also contribute to the burgeoning field of netnography research. Suggestions for future research and practice are included.

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19

Knight, William. "Samuel Wilmot, Fish Culture, and Recreational Fisheries in late 19th century Ontario." Scientia Canadensis 30, no. 1 (June 30, 2009): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800527ar.

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Abstract Historians have shown that fish culturists and anglers enjoyed a mutually beneficial relationship in 19th century North America. Sharing interests in producing and protecting fish for recreation, the two groups supported emerging regimes of fisheries administration and fish culture that privileged angling and game fish species. In Ontario, it has been argued that anglers achieved control of inland fisheries with help from state fish culturist Samuel Wilmot who, as a sportsman, shared anglers' recreational perspective. A closer look at Wilmot and fish culture in late 19th century Ontario, however, reveals a more complex struggle over recreational fisheries administration. I show that game fish culture under Wilmot was subordinated to fish culture programs that supported the Great Lakes commercial fisheries. Indeed, Wilmot resisted anglers' refraining of Ontario's fisheries as a private recreational resource. By the 1890s, however, this position was unpopular with Ontario's anglers and government officials, who demanded greater provincial control over recreational fisheries and fish culture. It was only after Wilmot's retirement in 1895 that game fish culture received higher priority in Ontario with both federal and provincial governments engaging in programs of wild bass transfers. In 1899, Ontario won a share of fisheries jurisdiction and established its first provincial fisheries administration, which laid the basis for more comprehensive programs of game fish culture in the 20th century.

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20

Masood, Sara, Thomas M. Van Zuiden, Arthur R. Rodgers, and Sapna Sharma. "An uncertain future for woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou): The impact of climate change on winter distribution in Ontario." Rangifer 37, no. 1 (March 26, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.37.1.4103.

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Habitat alteration and climate change are two important environmental stressors posing increasing threats to woodland caribou, Rangifer tarandus caribou, in Ontario. Our first objective was to identify the importance of linear features, habitat, and climate on the occurrence of woodland caribou during the winter season using over 30 years of records (1980-2012). Our second objective was to forecast the impacts of climate change on the future occurrence and range of woodland caribou. Woodland caribou occurrence and environmental data collected during 1980 to 2012 were obtained from the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR). Logistic regression models were used to identify the importance of linear features, habitat, and climate on woodland caribou. We then forecast future caribou occurrences using 126 future climate projections. Woodland caribou preferred coniferous forests and mixed forests that tended to be associated with increased lichen coverage, and regions with colder winters. Woodland caribou also avoided anthropogenically disturbed regions, such as areas associated with high road density or developed areas. Caribou range extent was projected to contract by 57.2-100% by 2050 and 58.9-100% by 2070. Furthermore, all 126 climate change scenarios forecast a range loss of at least 55% for woodland caribou in Ontario by 2050. We project complete loss of woodland caribou in Ontario if winter temperatures increase by more than 5.6°C by 2070. We found that woodland caribou in Ontario are sensitive to changes in climate and forecasted that an average of 95% of Ontario’s native woodland caribou could become extirpated by 2070. The greatest extirpations were projected to occur in the northernmost regions of Ontario as well as northeastern Ontario, while regions in western Ontario were projected to have the lowest rates of extirpation. This underscores the importance of mitigating greenhouse gases as a means to protect this iconic species.

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21

Khan, Amanda Farah, Hsien Seow, Rinku Sutradhar, Stuart Peacock, Kelvin Kar-Wing Chan, Fred Burge, Kim McGrail, Adam Raymakers, Beverley Lawson, and Lisa Barbera. "Quality of End-of-Life Cancer Care in Canada: A 12-Year Retrospective Analysis of Three Provinces’ Administrative Health Care Data Evaluating Changes over Time." Current Oncology 28, no. 6 (November 12, 2021): 4673–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28060394.

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This retrospective cohort study of cancer decedents during 2004–2015 examined end-of-life cancer care quality indicators (QIs) in the provinces of British Columbia (BC), Ontario, and Nova Scotia (NS). These included: emergency department use, in-patient hospitalization, intensive care unit admissions, physician house calls, home care visits, and death experienced in hospital. Ontario saw the greatest 12-year decrease in in-hospital deaths from 52.8% to 41.1%. Hospitalization rates within 30 days of death decreased in Ontario, increased in NS, and remained the same in BC. Ontario’s usage of aggressive end-of-life measures changed very little, while BC increased their utilization rates. Supportive care use increased in both NS and Ontario. Those who were male or living in a lower income/smaller community (in Ontario) were associated with a decreased likelihood of receiving supportive care. Despite the shift in focus to providing hospice and home care services, approximately 50% of oncology patients are still dying in hospital and 11.7% of patients overall are subject to aggressive care measures that may be out of line with their desire for comfort care. Supportive care use is increasing, but providers must ensure that Canadians are connected to palliative services, as its utilization improves a wide variety of outcomes.

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22

John Barker, E., and W. Andy Kenney. "Urban forest management in small Ontario municipalities." Forestry Chronicle 88, no. 02 (April 2012): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2012-027.

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Urban forestry has emerged as an important and timely discipline in an urbanizing world. The practice of urban forestry has focused mainly on large urban centres but urban forests in small municipalities provide the same benefits to the residents within and around them. Small municipalities face many challenges similar to those in urban centres but a lack of resources may worsen the negative effects on small municipalities. Urban forestry in Ontario is undertaken by municipalities with little involvement from upper-level governments. Thus, the effectiveness of urban forestry in Ontario is inconsistent and sporadic, with many small municipalities unable to manage urban forests optimally. Ontario's legislative framework governing urban forestry is critiqued and compared to the system employed in the United States. Recommendations are provided for action toward a centralized urban forestry program in Ontario.

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23

Giscombe, C. S. "Ontario Towns." Hudson Review 43, no. 4 (1991): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3852186.

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24

Purcell, John. "Windsor, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 219–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven201118110.

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25

Bedwell, Christopher. "Belleville, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111813.

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26

Purcell, John. "Brantford, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111815.

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27

Bedwell, Christopher. "Cornwall, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111824.

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Purcell, John. "Guelph, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 62–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111835.

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Purcell, John. "Hamilton, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111838.

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Braverman, Doreen. "Kingston, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111849.

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Purcell, John. "Kitchener, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 96–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111850.

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Bedwell, Christopher. "Leamington, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 98–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111851.

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Braverman, Doreen. "London, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111854.

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Braverman, Doreen. "Oshawa, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111866.

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Bedwell, Christopher. "Peterborough, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 138–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111869.

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Bedwell, Christopher. "Sarnia, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111882.

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Braverman, Doreen. "Barrie, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven2011189.

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Purcell, John. "Vaughan, Ontario." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111899.

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Willows, Melanie. "Ontario Report." Canadian Journal of Addiction 3, no. 1 (January 2011): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/02024458-201101000-00004.

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Lobb, Derek K., and Edward V. Younglai. "ONTARIO, CANADA." Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 23, no. 2 (February 2006): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10815-006-9025-5.

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O'Sullivan, M. "Canada (Ontario)." Trusts & Trustees 13, no. 8 (June 25, 2007): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tandt/ttm057.

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Mitchell, Janet, and Candace Parsons. "Central Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 88, no. 1 (February 2012): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2012-014.

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Gooding, Sarah. "Central Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 88, no. 03 (June 2012): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2012-064.

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Rabeneck, Linda, R. Bryan Rumble, Jeff Axler, Anne Smith, David Armstrong, Chris Vinden, Paul Belliveau, et al. "Cancer Care Ontario Colonoscopy Standards: Standards and Evidentiary Base." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 21, suppl d (2007): 5D—24D. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/705789.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cause of non-tobacco-related cancer deaths in Canadian men and women, accounting for 10% of all cancer deaths. An estimated 7800 men and women will be diagnosed with CRC, and 3250 will die from the disease in Ontario in 2007. Given that CRC incidence and mortality rates in Ontario are among the highest in the world, the best opportunity to reduce this burden of disease would be through screening. The present report describes the findings and recommendations of Cancer Care Ontario’s Colonoscopy Standards Expert Panel, which was convened in March 2006 by the Program in Evidence-Based Care. The recommendations will form the basis of the quality assurance program for colonoscopy delivered in support of Ontario’s CRC screening program.

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Rabeneck, L., RB Rumble, J. Axler, A. Smith, D. Armstrong, C. Vinden, P. Belliveau, et al. "Cancer Care Ontario Colonoscopy Standards: Standards and Evidentiary Base." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 21, suppl d (2007): 5D—24D. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/978260.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cause of non-tobaccorelated cancer deaths in Canadian men and women, accounting for 10% of all cancer deaths. An estimated 7800 men and women will be diagnosed with CRC, and 3250 will die from the disease in Ontario in 2007. Given that CRC incidence and mortality rates in Ontario are among the highest in the world, the best opportunity to reduce this burden of disease would be through screening. The present report describes the findings and recommendations of Cancer Care Ontario’s Colonoscopy Standards Expert Panel, which was convened in March 2006 by the Program in Evidence-Based Care. The recommendations will form the basis of the quality assurance program for colonoscopy delivered in support of Ontario’s CRC screening program.

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O’Connor, Ryan. "An Ecological Call to Arms." Ontario History 105, no. 1 (July 31, 2018): 19–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1050745ar.

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This article argues that the 22 October 1967 broadcast of The Air of Death was a central event in the emergence of environmental activism in Ontario. A production of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, The Air of Death examined air pollution’s adverse impact upon the environment. This documentary drew the ire of industrial interests as a result of its allegations of human fluorosis poisoning in Dunnville, Ontario. Subsequently, the film and the team behind it were subjected to two high-profile investigations, an Ontario ordered Royal Commission and a Canadian Radio-Television Commission hearing. This controversy resulted in the creation Ontario’s first two environmental activist organizations, most notably the highly influential Pollution Probe at the University of Toronto, which would play a key role in shaping the province’s nascent environmental community.

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Barrett, Suzanne. "Lake Ontario's Waterfront: Realizing a decade of regeneration." Ekistics and The New Habitat 71, no. 424-426 (June 1, 2004): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200471424-426237.

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The author was the principal author of A Decade of Regeneration: Realizing a Vision for Lake Ontario's Waterfront, in collaboration with editor Ron Reid of Bobolink. She was Director of the Lake Ontario Program Waterfront Regeneration Trust from 1992-2002, leading its work on the Waterfront Trail, Greenway Strategy and Toronto and Region Remedial Action Plan. She is currently a freelance consultant specializing in environmental planning, waterfront revitalization and public engagement. The text that follows was originally published in the Ontario Planning Journal, March/April 2002.

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O’Hagan, Sean B. "An examination of migration patterns to Ontario cities: Demarcating Ontario’s periphery." Canadian Studies in Population 38, no. 1-2 (December 31, 2011): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p6mk8g.

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This study sets out to determine whether similarities or differences exist in migration patterns for cities of northern Ontario and southern Ontario. Data is also grouped into large and small cities, to establish whether demographic success comes mostly from inter- or intra-regional migrants. Relevant characteristics of individuals migrating in a knowledge economy—specifically, education and employment data—are also examined. These findings are then placed within two important paradigms of economic geography: brain circulation and institutionalism. The intention is to measure migration patterns but also to use these findings to re-evaluate the core-periphery model as it applies to northern and southern Ontario.

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Kearns, Laura-Lee, and Jonathan Anuik. "Métis Curricular Challenges and Possibilities: A Discussion Initiated by First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Education Policy in Ontario." Journal of the Canadian Association for Curriculum Studies 12, no. 2 (January 25, 2015): 6–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1916-4467.37691.

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The Ontario Ministry of Education’s (2007) Ontario First Nation, Métis and Inuit Education Policy Framework asks school boards to “provide a curriculum that facilitates learning about contemporary and traditional First Nation, Métis, and Inuit cultures, histories, and perspectives among all students, and that also contributes to the education of school board staff … [and] teachers” (p. 7). The framework is a conduit to push First Nation, Métis, and Inuit initiatives beyond the exceptional program or course found in a few Ontario schools. However, in our recent Report on Métis education in Ontario’s K-12 schools (2012) for the Métis Nation of Ontario’s Education and Training Branch, we found only a small portion of school boards were engaged actively in bringing the above mandate to life. As to Métis, the challenge is largely a lack of awareness of Métis history and culture. Our findings show there is a need for more Métis curricular material to be developed to broaden the appreciation, awareness, and understanding of the historical and contemporary Métis. Here, we share curricular challenges and possibilities in heading the call from Métis for a nuanced portrayal of families and communities at school.

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Mabee, W. E., J. Mirck, and R. Chandra. "Energy from forest biomass in Ontario: Getting beyond the promise." Forestry Chronicle 87, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc87061-1.

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The recent decline in Ontario’s forest sector has resulted in the idling or closure of many mills, creating an opportunityfor forest-derived bioenergy supported by the Ontario Green Energy and Green Economy Act. Combined heat and powerproduction from forest biomass seems to provide an optimal balance between energy supplied and employment opportunities.This option could provide Ontario with 5.3% of electricity and 1.5% of heat energy needs. The province couldsustainably support up to 12 60-MW installations. Five key recommendations are advanced, including the need for abioenergy strategy within the province, options for developing funding for this sector, and the possibility of creating abioenergy network using existing research assets within Ontario. Key words: forest sector, Green Energy and Green Economy Act, combined heat and power, black liquor gasification,wood pellets, liquid biofuels for transport, ethanol, Fischer-Tropsch diesel, forest biomass supply

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