Relevant bibliographies by topics / Online polarization

Academic literature on the topic 'Online polarization'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Online polarization"

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Alsinet, Teresa, Josep Argelich, Ramón Béjar, and Santi Martínez. "Measuring Polarization in Online Debates." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 14, 2021): 11879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411879.

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Social networks can be a very successful tool to engage users to discuss relevant topics for society. However, there are also some dangers that are associated with them, such as the emergence of polarization in online discussions. Recently, there has been a growing interest to try to understand this phenomenon, as some consider that this can be harmful concerning the building of a healthy society in which citizens get used to polite discussions and even listening to opinions that may be different from theirs. In this work, we face the problem of defining a precise measure that can quantify in a meaningful way the level of polarization present in an online discussion. We focus on the Reddit social network, given that its primary focus is to foster discussions, in contrast to other social networks that have some other uses. Our measure is based on two different characteristics of an online discussion: the existence of a balanced bipartition of the users of the discussion, where one partition contains mainly users in agreement (regarding the topic of the discussion) and the other users in disagreement, and the degree of negativity of the sentiment of the interactions between these two groups of users. We discuss how different characteristics of the discussions affect the value of our polarization measure, and we finally perform an empirical evaluation over different sets of Reddit discussions about diverse classes of topics. Our results seem to indicate that our measure can capture differences in the polarization level of different discussions, which can be further understood when analyzing the values of the different factors used to define the measure.
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Garimella, Kiran, Tim Smith, Rebecca Weiss, and Robert West. "Political Polarization in Online News Consumption." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 15 (May 22, 2021): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v15i1.18049.

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Political polarization appears to be on the rise, as measured by voting behavior, general affect towards opposing partisans and their parties, and contents posted and consumed online. Research over the years has focused on the role of the Web as a driver of polarization. In order to further our understanding of the factors behind online polarization, in the present work we collect and analyze Web browsing histories of tens of thousands of users alongside careful measurements of the time spent browsing various news sources. We show that online news consumption follows a polarized pattern, where users' visits to news sources aligned with their own political leaning are substantially longer than their visits to other news sources. Next, we show that such preferences hold at the individual as well as the population level, as evidenced by the emergence of clear partisan communities of news domains from aggregated browsing patterns. Finally, we tackle the important question of the role of user choices in polarization. Are users simply following the links proffered by their Web environment, or do they exacerbate partisan polarization by intentionally pursuing like-minded news sources? To answer this question, we compare browsing patterns with the underlying hyperlink structure spanned by the considered news domains, finding strong evidence of polarization in partisan browsing habits beyond that which can be explained by the hyperlink structure of the Web.
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Serrano-Contreras, Ignacio-Jesús, Javier García-Marín, and Óscar G. Luengo. "Measuring Online Political Dialogue: Does Polarization Trigger More Deliberation?" Media and Communication 8, no. 4 (October 8, 2020): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v8i4.3149.

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In recent years, we have witnessed an increasing consolidation of different realms where citizens can deliberate and discuss a variety of topics of general interest, including politics. The comments on news posts in online media are a good example. The first theoretical contributions called attention to the potential of those spaces to build a <em>healthy </em>(civic and participatory) public sphere, going much deeper in the process of political dialogue and deliberation (Fung, Gilman, &amp; Shkabatur, 2013; Lilleker &amp; Jackson, 2008; O’Reilly, 2005; Stromer-Galley &amp; Wichowski, 2011). Polarization has been configured as a constant feature of the quality of the mentioned dialogues, particularly in Mediterranean countries (polarized pluralists’ cases). One of the research challenges at the moment has to do with the scrutiny of polarization within the political deliberation provoked by news stories. The goal of this article is the analysis of political dialogue from the perspective of the polarization in the increasingly popular network YouTube, which is presenting very particular characteristics. Using a sample of almost 400,000 posted comments about diverse topics (climate change, the Catalonian crisis, and Political parties’ electoral ads) we propose an automated method in order to measure polarization. Our hypothesis is that the number of comments (quantitative variable) is positively related to their polarization (qualitative variable). We will also include in the examination information about the ideological editorial line of newspapers, the type of topic under discussion, the amount of traceable dialogue, etc. We propose an index to (1) measure the polarization of each comment and use it to show how this value has behaved over time; and (2) verify the hypothesis using the average polarization of comments for each video.
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MOODY, JAMES, and PETER J. MUCHA. "Portrait of Political Party Polarization – ERRATUM." Network Science 1, no. 2 (August 2013): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nws.2013.9.

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Ye, Yuanjian, Renjie Zhang, Yiqing Zhao, Yuanyuan Yu, Wenxin Du, and Tinggui Chen. "A Novel Public Opinion Polarization Model Based on BA Network." Systems 10, no. 2 (April 9, 2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems10020046.

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At present, the polarization of online public opinion is becoming more frequent, and individuals actively participate in attitude interactions more and more frequently. Thus, online views have become the dominant force in current public opinion. However, the rapid fermentation of polarized public opinion makes it very easy for actual topic views to go to extremes. Significantly, negative information seriously affects the healthy development of the social opinion ecology. Therefore, it is beneficial to maintain national credibility, social peace, and stability by exploring the communication structure of online public opinions, analyzing the logical model of extreme public attitudes, and guiding the communication of public opinions in a timely and reasonable manner. Starting from the J–A model and BA network, this paper explores the specific attributes of individuals and opinion network nodes. By incorporating parameters such as individual conformity and the strength of individual online relationships, we established a model of online group attitude polarization, then conducted simulation experiments on the phenomenon of online opinion polarization. Through simulations, we found that individual conformity and the difference in environmental attitude greatly influence the direction of opinion polarization events. In addition, crowd mentality makes individuals spontaneously choose the side of a particular, extreme view, which makes it easier for polarization to form and reach its peak.
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Zetschel, F., W. Bruckner, and M. Duren. "Online optimization of electron spin polarization at HERA." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 41, no. 1 (1994): 102–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.281467.

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Miklos, Alicia. "Public Polarization in Online Forums: Gender Violence in Nicaraguan Society." Anclajes 24, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.19137/anclajes-2020-2436.

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Liao, Riwei, Wei Guo, Nan Zeng, Jun Guo, Yonghong He, Huige Di, Dengxin Hua, and Hui Ma. "Polarization Measurements and Evaluation Based on Multidimensional Polarization Indices Applied in Analyzing Atmospheric Particulates." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (June 28, 2021): 5992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11135992.

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Online identification and characterization of suspended aerosols can provide a scientific basis for understanding aerosol transformations, quantitatively evaluating the impacts on air quality, public health, and the source apportionment of different atmospheric particulate matters. In this study, we confirm the validity of our developed high-throughput multi-angle polarized scattering vector detection of aerosols and multidimensional polarization scattering index systems. By observation of the mean values, variance, and Wilk’s Lambda of multidimensional polarization indices for different aerosol types, the polarization index shows unique characterization abilities for aerosol properties, and the optimal combination of polarization indices can always be found for a specific aerosol category with a high resolution and discrimination. Clearly, the multidimensional polarization indices of individual aerosols are more suitable for online and real-time aerosol identification and even help to explain the in situ microphysical characteristics of aerosols or evaluate the dynamic evolution of aerosols.
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Suhay, Elizabeth, Emily Bello-Pardo, and Brianna Maurer. "The Polarizing Effects of Online Partisan Criticism: Evidence from Two Experiments." International Journal of Press/Politics 23, no. 1 (November 29, 2017): 95–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940161217740697.

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Affective and social political polarization—a dislike of political opponents and a desire to avoid their company—are increasingly salient and pervasive features of politics in many Western democracies, particularly the United States. One contributor to these related phenomena may be increasing exposure to online political disagreements in which ordinary citizens criticize, and sometimes explicitly demean, opponents. This article presents two experimental studies that assessed whether U.S. partisans’ attitudes became more prejudiced in favor of the in-party after exposure to online partisan criticism. In the first study, we draw on an online convenience sample to establish that partisan criticism that derogates political opponents increases affective polarization. In the second, we replicate these findings with a quasi-representative sample and extend the pattern of findings to social polarization. We conclude that online partisan criticism likely has contributed to rising affective and social polarization in recent years between Democrats and Republicans in the United States, and perhaps between partisan and ideological group members in other developed democracies as well. We close by discussing the troubling implications of these findings in light of continuing attempts by autocratic regimes and other actors to influence democratic elections via false identities on social media.
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Waller, Isaac, and Ashton Anderson. "Quantifying social organization and political polarization in online platforms." Nature 600, no. 7888 (December 1, 2021): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04167-x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Online polarization"

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Harris, Brian David. "Democracy Online: Immigration Discourse over Time." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2791.

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The growth of internet communication has affected deliberative democracy by introducing new public spheres. One emerging public sphere is the discussion forum linked to online news sources. By analyzing 1,768 comments posted to a regional online news website, I discuss five key frameworks that commenters used to simplify the debate over immigration. I also find that extreme comments decreased in frequency over a two-year period while more moderate comments increased. In light of group polarization theory, this finding suggests that the forum is more like a single community with a fairly moderate average position to which people with differing opinions converge, rather than a divided community consisting of two distinct groups, each polarizing toward more extreme positions. The forum appears to have moderated itself in response to triggers of discourse change by means of temporary reframing of arguments. I develop a theoretical framework for understanding how group interactions produce self-regulatory behavior that can prevent polarized discourse.
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Treufeld, Imre. "I. Polymer Films for High Temperature Capacitor ApplicationsII. Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1465503063.

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"Three Facets of Online Political Networks: Communities, Antagonisms, and Polarization." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.55512.

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abstract: Millions of users leave digital traces of their political engagements on social media platforms every day. Users form networks of interactions, produce textual content, like and share each others' content. This creates an invaluable opportunity to better understand the political engagements of internet users. In this proposal, I present three algorithmic solutions to three facets of online political networks; namely, detection of communities, antagonisms and the impact of certain types of accounts on political polarization. First, I develop a multi-view community detection algorithm to find politically pure communities. I find that word usage among other content types (i.e. hashtags, URLs) complement user interactions the best in accurately detecting communities. Second, I focus on detecting negative linkages between politically motivated social media users. Major social media platforms do not facilitate their users with built-in negative interaction options. However, many political network analysis tasks rely on not only positive but also negative linkages. Here, I present the SocLSFact framework to detect negative linkages among social media users. It utilizes three pieces of information; sentiment cues of textual interactions, positive interactions, and socially balanced triads. I evaluate the contribution of each three aspects in negative link detection performance on multiple tasks. Third, I propose an experimental setup that quantifies the polarization impact of automated accounts on Twitter retweet networks. I focus on a dataset of tragic Parkland shooting event and its aftermath. I show that when automated accounts are removed from the retweet network the network polarization decrease significantly, while a same number of accounts to the automated accounts are removed randomly the difference is not significant. I also find that prominent predictors of engagement of automatically generated content is not very different than what previous studies point out in general engaging content on social media. Last but not least, I identify accounts which self-disclose their automated nature in their profile by using expressions such as bot, chat-bot, or robot. I find that human engagement to self-disclosing accounts compared to non-disclosing automated accounts is much smaller. This observational finding can motivate further efforts into automated account detection research to prevent their unintended impact.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Computer Science 2019
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Campos, João Diogo Cordeiro de. "Uma eleição de ecos numa esfera pública digital polarizada: a comunicação política online nas eleições presidenciais norte-americanas de 2016." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/18558.

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Na atualidade a comunicação política encontra-se em roturas conceptuais entre as teorias comunicativas passadas e presentes. A forma de comunicar mensagens políticas mudou, assim como a forma de partilhar e pesquisar essa comunicação. Este facto tem exigido à comunidade científica de várias áreas das ciências sociais um forte espírito de adaptação e perceção destes novos fenómenos. Esta dissertação centra-se especificamente na análise de alguns fenómenos da comunicação política online nas eleições presidenciais dos Estados Unidos da América de 2016, concretamente analisamos as echo chamber, polarização política online e os social media enquanto plataformas usadas para discussão política, em suma os social media e o seu papel na esfera pública digital. Através da utilização do método de triangulação conseguimos cruzar dados que nos permitiram retirar conclusões científicas sobre estes fenómenos e como eles se relacionam, no caso concreto, como o modelo de negócio e ferramentas de interação dos social media podem influenciar a polarização política online, e a relação entre a diminuição das echo chambers online e o que isso representa na polarização política online.
Currently, political communication is facing a conceptual crossroad between present and old communication theories. The way political communication is addressed changed, as well as the way to share and search for that information. This fact has gained attention in scientific communities from a wide spectrum of disciplines, in social sciences, with a strong spirit of adaptation and perception of the new phenomena. This dissertation focuses specifically on the analyses of some online political communication phenomena occurred during the 2016 United States of America presidential election, the echo chambers, online political polarization and social media as a platform used for political discussion, in sum social media and his role on digital public sphere. Hence through triangulation method we managed to cross data that allowed us to reach scientific conclusions about these phenomena and how they can relate, in two different ways, how the business model and interaction tools on social media can influence online echo chambers, and the relation between reducing echo chambers and what that represents for online political polarization.
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Books on the topic "Online polarization"

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Castle, Jeremiah, and Kyla Stepp. Theorizing and Measuring Issue Polarization Using Online Survey Research. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529600186.

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Bosch, Oriol, and Melanie Revilla. The Challenges of Using Digital Trace Data to Measure Online Behaviors: Lessons From a Study Combining Surveys and Metered Data to Investigate Affective Polarization. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529603644.

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Fandom and Polarization in Online Political Discussion: From Pop Culture to Politics. Springer International Publishing AG, 2022.

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Agrawal, Khushbu, Yukihiko Hamada, and Alberto Fernández Gibaja. Regulating Online Campaign Finance: Chasing the Gost. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2021.6.

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As the number of Internet and social media users increases, political parties and candidates are spending significant amounts of money on online campaigning. It not only helps them to reach out to more voters with comparatively lower costs, but also allows them to communicate more targeted messages to voters when compared with other traditional campaign tools. Despite the growing use of online campaigns, appropriate regulation of online expenditures is almost non-existent around the world. In fact, online expenditure is one of the key weaknesses of political finance systems and regulatory frameworks. Appropriate regulation of online expenditures will not only protect the integrity of the political process, but also thwart negative effects, such as disinformation and polarization and, more generally, prevent inauthentic activities that usually characterize online campaigns. As online expenditure is a relatively new phenomenon, its regulation is not straightforward and there is no conclusive evidence on what works. This report outlines some of the challenges that policymakers, legislators and oversight agencies face when drafting and implementing laws to include online expenditure within the scope of regulated political finance. It also provides recommendations for policymakers, social media platforms, political parties, candidates and campaigners, as well as civil society actors, on the steps that they can take towards closing the regulatory gap.
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Benkler, Yochai, Robert Faris, and Hal Roberts. The Origins of Asymmetry. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923624.003.0011.

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This chapter examines the origins of asymmetry in the American public sphere by charting the rise of second-wave right-wing media. Taking a political economy approach, this chapter investigates how institutions, politics, culture, and technology combine to explain why Rush Limbaugh, televangelism, and Fox News were able to emerge as mass media when they did, rather than remaining, as first-generation right-wing media after World War II had, small niche players. The chapter also considers how the emergence of the online right-wing media ecosystem followed the offline media ecosystem architecture because of the propaganda feedback loop. It shows that asymmetric polarization precedes the emergence of the internet and that even today the internet is highly unlikely to be the main cause of polarization, by comparison to Fox News and talk radio.
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Flanagin, Andrew, and Miriam J. Metzger. Digital Media and Perceptions of Source Credibility in Political Communication. Edited by Kate Kenski and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793471.013.65.

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The rich research heritage on source credibility is fundamentally linked to processes of political communication and the provision of political information. Networked digital technologies, however, have recently complicated the assessment of source credibility by modifying people’s ability to determine source expertise and trustworthiness, which are the foundations upon which credibility evaluations have traditionally rested. This chapter explores source credibility in online contexts by examining the credibility of digital versus traditional channels, the nature of political information conveyed by social media, and the dynamics of political information online. In addition, this chapter considers related research concerns, including the link between credibility and selective exposure, the potential for group polarization, and the role of social media in seeking and delivering credible political information. These concerns suggest challenges and opportunities as information consumers navigate the contemporary information environment in search of the knowledge to make them informed members of a politically engaged citizenry.
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Benkler, Yochai, Robert Faris, and Hal Roberts. Epistemic Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923624.003.0001.

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This chapter describes the contours of the epistemic crisis in media and politics that threatens the integrity of democratic processes, erodes trust in public institutions, and exacerbates social divisions. It lays out the centrality of partisanship, asymmetric polarization, and political radicalization in understanding the current maladies of political media. It investigates the main actors who used the asymmetric media ecosystem to influence the formation of beliefs and the propagation of disinformation in the American public sphere, and to manipulate political coverage during the election and the first year of the Trump presidency, , including “fake news” entrepreneurs/political clickbait fabricators; Russian hackers, bots, and sockpuppets; the Facebook algorithm and online echo chambers; and Cambridge Analytica. The chapter also provides definitions of propaganda and related concepts, as well as a brief intellectual history of the study of propaganda.
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Bergman, Torbjörn, Hanna Back, and Johan Hellström, eds. Coalition Governance in Western Europe. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198868484.001.0001.

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Coalition government is the most frequent form of government in Western Europe, but there is relatively little systematic knowledge about how this form of government has developed in recent decades. This volume analyses governments that have formed in the Western European countries since the Second World War and covers the full life cycle of coalition governments from the formation of party alliances before elections to coalition formation after elections, governing and policy-making when parties work together in office, and the stages that eventually lead to governments terminating. Since the early 1990s, many coalition governments form in a context of increased fragmentation of party systems, increased polarization, and the rise of populist parties. The volume captures these changes and examines their implications for the different stages of the coalition life cycle. A particular emphasis of the volume is on the study of how coalitions govern together even when they have different agendas. Do individual ministers decide, or the prime minister, or are the policy outputs of a government a result of a process of coalition compromise? Focusing on the coalition governance stage, we analyse the variation in the use of various control mechanisms across countries, for example showing that many coalition governments draft extensive contracts to control their partners in cabinet. The volume covers 16 West European countries and introduces the case of Croatia. Systematic cross-national data is available in an online appendix.
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Taking Stock of Regional Democratic Trends in Asia and the Pacific Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2020.70.

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This GSoD In Focus Special Brief provides an overview of the state of democracy in Asia and the Pacific at the end of 2019, prior to the outbreak of the pandemic, and assesses some of the preliminary impacts that the pandemic has had on democracy in the region in 2020. Key fact and findings include: • Prior to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries across Asia and the Pacific faced a range of democratic challenges. Chief among these were continuing political fragility, violent conflict, recurrent military interference in the political sphere, enduring hybridity, deepening autocratization, creeping ethnonationalism, advancing populist leadership, democratic backsliding, shrinking civic space, the spread of disinformation, and weakened checks and balances. The crisis conditions engendered by the pandemic risk further entrenching and/or intensifying the negative democratic trends observable in the region prior to the COVID-19 outbreak. • Across the region, governments have been using the conditions created by the pandemic to expand executive power and restrict individual rights. Aspects of democratic practice that have been significantly impacted by anti-pandemic measures include the exercise of fundamental rights (notably freedom of assembly and free speech). Some countries have also seen deepened religious polarization and discrimination. Women, vulnerable groups, and ethnic and religious minorities have been disproportionately affected by the pandemic and discriminated against in the enforcement of lockdowns. There have been disruptions of electoral processes, increased state surveillance in some countries, and increased influence of the military. This is particularly concerning in new, fragile or backsliding democracies, which risk further eroding their already fragile democratic bases. • As in other regions, however, the pandemic has also led to a range of innovations and changes in the way democratic actors, such as parliaments, political parties, electoral commissions, civil society organizations and courts, conduct their work. In a number of countries, for example, government ministries, electoral commissions, legislators, health officials and civil society have developed innovative new online tools for keeping the public informed about national efforts to combat the pandemic. And some legislatures are figuring out new ways to hold government to account in the absence of real-time parliamentary meetings. • The consideration of political regime type in debates around ways of containing the pandemic also assumes particular relevance in Asia and the Pacific, a region that houses high-performing democracies, such as New Zealand and the Republic of Korea (South Korea), a mid-range performer (Taiwan), and also non-democratic regimes, such as China, Singapore and Viet Nam—all of which have, as of December 2020, among the lowest per capita deaths from COVID-19 in the world. While these countries have all so far managed to contain the virus with fewer fatalities than in the rest of the world, the authoritarian regimes have done so at a high human rights cost, whereas the democracies have done so while adhering to democratic principles, proving that the pandemic can effectively be fought through democratic means and does not necessarily require a trade off between public health and democracy. • The massive disruption induced by the pandemic can be an unparalleled opportunity for democratic learning, change and renovation in the region. Strengthening democratic institutions and processes across the region needs to go hand in hand with curbing the pandemic. Rebuilding societies and economic structures in its aftermath will likewise require strong, sustainable and healthy democracies, capable of tackling the gargantuan challenges ahead. The review of the state of democracy during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 uses qualitative analysis and data of events and trends in the region collected through International IDEA’s Global Monitor of COVID-19’s Impact on Democracy and Human Rights, an initiative co-funded by the European Union.
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Book chapters on the topic "Online polarization"

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Barnes, Renee. "‘Fake news,’ Polarization and Fan-like Behaviours." In Fandom and Polarisation in Online Political Discussion, 107–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14039-6_6.

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Barnes, Renee. "Introduction: Polarization, Fandom and Meeting in the Middle." In Fandom and Polarisation in Online Political Discussion, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14039-6_1.

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Barnes, Renee. "Getting Down in the Muck: Polarization and Online Debate." In Fandom and Polarisation in Online Political Discussion, 13–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14039-6_2.

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De Cock, Barbara, Pauline Dupret, Philippe Hambye, and Andrea Pizarro Pedraza. "Polarizing Representations of Immigrant Communities in Belgian French-Speaking Online Political Discourse." In Discursive Approaches to Sociopolitical Polarization and Conflict, 80–98. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003094005-6.

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Jain, Gaurav, Avinash Bapu Sreenivas, Samrat Gupta, and Amit Anand Tiwari. "The Dynamics of Online Opinion Formation: Polarization Around the Vaccine Development for COVID-19." In Causes and Symptoms of Socio-Cultural Polarization, 51–72. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5268-4_3.

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Fard, Amir Ebrahimi, and Trivik Verma. "A Comprehensive Review on Countering Rumours in the Age of Online Social Media Platforms." In Causes and Symptoms of Socio-Cultural Polarization, 253–84. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5268-4_11.

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Barnes, Renee. "Finding the Fan and Anti-fan: Fan Studies as an Interpretative Frame for Political Polarization." In Fandom and Polarisation in Online Political Discussion, 37–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14039-6_3.

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Gupta, Samrat, Gaurav Jain, and Amit Anand Tiwari. "Investigating the Dynamics of Polarization in Online Discourse During COVID-19 Pandemic." In Responsible AI and Analytics for an Ethical and Inclusive Digitized Society, 704–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85447-8_58.

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van Laar, Jan Albert. "Improving Argumentative Skills in Education: Three Online Discussion Tools." In Competing, cooperating, deciding: towards a model of deliberative debate, 87–98. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-329-1.09.

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How can we foster sound argumentation and valid criticism in education? How to help students to avoid fallacies, resist polarization, respond wisely to misleading information, and how to make them produce arguments that are genuinely responsive to the position of those they address? I sketch a dialogical account of the nature of sound argument and criticism. Then, I discuss two types of argumentative dialogue: persuasion dialogue and negotiation dialogue. Finally, I explain how software applications provide an opportunity for students to analyse, evaluate and produce arguments, and to critically think about the design of discussion procedures. I also discuss a third software application that enables teachers and advanced students to themselves design online discussion procedures, so as to experiment with them and to advance their understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of various design choices. This paper support the idea that students’ argumentative skills will be enhanced by letting them engage in the online discussion procedures presented.
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Tasnim, Jarin, Tanvir Alam, Samapty Saha, and Md Forhad Rabbi. "Online Food Delivery (OFD) System: An Empirical Study of the Polarization of Potential Consumers and Investigating the Association Between the Determinants Molding the Polarization During COVID-19 Pandemic." In ICT Analysis and Applications, 403–11. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5655-2_38.

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Conference papers on the topic "Online polarization"

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"Online Polarization, Radicalization and Conspiracy." In The 19th European Conference on Cyber Warfare. ACPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ews.20.008.

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Hanna, Alexander, Chris Wells, Peter Maurer, Lew Friedland, Dhavan Shah, and Jörg Matthes. "Partisan alignments and political polarization online." In the 2nd workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2508436.2508438.

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Yang, Zachary, Anne Imouza, Kellin Pelrine, Sacha Levy, Jiewen Liu, Gabrielle Desrosiers-Brisebois, Jean-Francois Godbout, Andre Blais, and Reihaneh Rabbany. "Online Partisan Polarization of COVID-19." In 2021 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdmw53433.2021.00117.

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Matakos, Antonis, and Panayiotis Tsaparas. "Temporal mechanisms of polarization in online reviews." In 2016 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asonam.2016.7752286.

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Yatawatta, Sarod. "Polarization-based online interference mitigation in radio interferometry." In 2020 28th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/eusipco47968.2020.9287467.

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Garcia, David, Fernando Mendez, Uwe Serdült, and Frank Schweitzer. "Political polarization and popularity in online participatory media." In the first edition workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2389661.2389665.

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Tyagi, Aman, Joshua Uyheng, and Kathleen M. Carley. "Affective Polarization in Online Climate Change Discourse on Twitter." In 2020 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asonam49781.2020.9381419.

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Xu, Guo-ming, Mo-gen Xue, Guang-lin Yuan, and Pu-cheng Zhou. "Polarization image fast fusion method based on online dictionary learning." In ISPDI 2013 - Fifth International Symposium on Photoelectronic Detection and Imaging, edited by Lifu Zhang and Jianfeng Yang. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2032687.

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Katsarou, Katerina, Sukanya Sunder, Vinicius Woloszyn, and Konstantinos Semertzidis. "Sentiment Polarization in Online Social Networks: The Flow of Hate Speech." In 2021 Eighth International Conference on Social Network Analysis, Management and Security (SNAMS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/snams53716.2021.9732077.

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shi, hongsheng, yusen zhang, ziheng xiu, hongxia zheng, and huajin chen. "Lateral optical forces on two chiral nanospheres in plane waves of linear polarization." In Optics Frontiers Online 2020: Micro and Nanophotonics (OFO-4 2020), edited by Hannan Wang and Yue Yang. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2587138.

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Reports on the topic "Online polarization"

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Martinez-Bravo, Monica, and Carlos Sanz. Trust and accountability in times of pandemics. Madrid: Banco de España, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/29471.

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The COVID-19 pandemic took place against the backdrop of growing political polarization and distrust in political institutions in many countries. Did deficiencies in government performance further erode trust in public institutions? Did citizens’ ideology interfere with the way they processed information on government performance? To investigate these two questions, we conducted a pre-registered online experiment in Spain in November 2020. Respondents in the treatment group were provided information on the number of contact tracers in their region, a key policy variable under the control of regional governments. We find that individuals greatly over-estimate the number of contact tracers in their region. When we provide the actual number of contact tracers, we find a decline in trust in governments, a reduction in willingness to fund public institutions and a decrease in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. We also find that individuals endogenously change their attribution of responsibilities when receiving the treatment. In regions where the regional and central governments are controlled by different parties, sympathizers of the regional incumbent react to the negative news on performance by attributing greater responsibility for it to the central government. We call this the blame shifting effect. In those regions, the negative information does not translate into lower voting intentions for the regional incumbent government. These results suggest that the exercise of political accountability may be particularly difficult in settings with high political polarization and areas of responsibility that are not clearly delineated.
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Martinez-Bravo, Monica, and Carlos Sanz. Trust and accountability in times of pandemic. Madrid: Banco de España, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/25027.

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The COVID-19 pandemic took place against the backdrop of growing political polarization and distrust in political institutions in many countries. Furthermore, most governments fell short of expectations in their management of the pandemic. Did deficiencies in government performance further erode trust in public institutions? Did citizens’ ideology interfere with the way they processed information on government performance? To investigate these two questions, we conducted a preregistered online experiment in Spain in November 2020. Respondents in the treatment group were provided information on the number of contact tracers in their region, a key variable under the control of regional governments. We find that individuals greatly overestimate the number of contact tracers in their region. When we provide the actual number of contact tracers, we find a decline in trust in governments, a reduction in willingness to fund public institutions and a decrease in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. We also find that individuals endogenously change their attribution of responsibilities when receiving the treatment. In regions where the regional and central governments are controlled by different parties, sympathizers of the regional incumbent react to the negative news on performance by attributing greater responsibility for it to the central government. We call this the blame shifting effect. In those regions, the negative information does not translate into lower voting intentions for the regional incumbent government. These results suggest that the exercise of political accountability may be particularly difficult in settings with high political polarization and areas of responsibility are not clearly delineated.
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Aruguete, Natalia, Ernesto Calvo, Carlos Scartascini, and Tiago Ventura. Trustful Voters, Trustworthy Politicians: A Survey Experiment on the Influence of Social Media in Politics. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003389.

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Recent increases in political polarization in social media raise questions about the relationship between negative online messages and the decline in political trust around the world. To evaluate this claim causally, we implement a variant of the well-known trust game in a survey experiment with 4,800 respondents in Brazil and Mexico. Our design allows to test the effect of social media on trust and trustworthiness. Survey respondents alternate as agents (politicians) and principals (voters). Players can cast votes, trust others with their votes, and cast entrusted votes. The players rewards are contingent on their preferred “candidate” winning the election. We measure the extent to which voters place their trust in others and are themselves trustworthy, that is, willing to honor requests that may not benefit them. Treated respondents are exposed to messages from in-group or out-group politicians, and with positive or negative tone. Results provide robust support for a negative effect of uncivil partisan discourse on trust behavior and null results on trustworthiness. The negative effect on trust is considerably greater among randomly treated respondents who engage with social media messages. These results show that engaging with messages on social media can have a deleterious effect on trust, even when those messages are not relevant to the task at hand or not representative of the actions of the individuals involved in the game.
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